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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations  (23)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
  • American Geophysical Union  (31)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (2)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Clarendon Press
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  • 1
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    The September 26, 1997 Colfiorito, Italy Earthquakes: modeled coseismic surface displacement from SAR interferometry and GPS (2012)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-25
    Description: The largest events of the 1997 Umbria-Marche sesimic sequence were the two September 26 earthquakes of Mw=5.7 (00:33 GMT) and Mw=6.0 (09:40 GMT), which caused severe damage and ground cracks in a wide area around the epicenters. We created an ERS-SAR differenrtial interferogram, where nine fringes are visible in and around the Colfiorito basin, corresponding to 25 cm of coseismic surface dispalacements. GPS data show a maximum horizontal displacement...
    Description: Published
    Description: 883-886
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Colfiorito, SAR, GPS ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Source parameters of the 11 June 1909, Lambesc (Provence, southeastern France) earthquake: a reappraisal based on macroseismic, seismological and geodetic observations (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-05
    Description: Destructive earthquakes are rare in France yet pose a sizable seismic hazard, especially when critical infrastructures are concerned. Only a few destructive events have occurred within the instrumental period, the most important being the 11 June 1909, Lambesc (Provence) earthquake. With a magnitude estimated at 6.2 [Rothé, 1942], the event was recorded by 30 observatories and produced intensity IX effects in the epicentral area, ~30 km north of Marseille. We collected 30 seismograms, leveling data and earthquake intensities to assess the magnitude and possibly the focal mechanism of this event. Following this multidisciplinary approach, we propose a source model where all relevant parameters are constrained by at least two of the input datasets. Our reappraisal of the seismological data yielded Mw 5.8-6.1 (6.0 preferred) and Ms 6.0, consistent with the magnitude from intensity data (Me 5.8) and with constraints derived from modeling of coseismic elevation changes. Hence, we found the Lambesc earthquake to have been somewhat smaller than previously reported. Our datasets also constrain the geometry and kinematics of faulting, suggesting that the earthquake was generated by reverse-right lateral slip on a WNW-striking, steeply north-dipping fault beneath the western part of the Trévaresse fold. This result suggests that the fold, located in front of the Lubéron thrust, plays a significant role in the region’s recent tectonic evolution. The sense of slip obtained for the 1909 rupture also agrees with the regional stress field obtained from earthquake focal mechanisms and microtectonic data as well as recent GPS data.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2454
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Lambesc earthquake ; France ; historical seismograms ; displacement modeling ; macroseismic data ; geodetic data ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Syn-convergent extension observed using the RETREAT GPS network, northern Apennines, Italy (2012)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-25
    Description: We present crustal deformation results from a geodetic experiment (Retreating-Trench, Extension, and Accretion Tectonics (RETREAT)) focused on the northern Apennines orogen in Italy. The experiment centers on 33 benchmarks measured with GPS annually or more frequently between 2003 and 2007, supplemented by data from an additional older set of 6 campaign observations from stations in northern Croatia, and 187 continuous GPS stations within and around northern Italy. In an attempt to achieve the best possible estimates for rates and their uncertainties, we estimate and filter common mode signals and noise components using the continuous stations and apply these corrections to the entire data set, including the more temporally limited campaign time series. The filtered coordinate time series data are used to estimate site velocity. We also estimate spatially variable seasonal site motions for stations with sufficient data. The RMS scatter of residual time series are generally near 1 mm and 4 mm, horizontal and vertical, respectively, for continuous and most of the new campaign stations, but scatter is slightly higher for some of the older campaign data. Velocity uncertainties are below 1 mm/yr for all but one of the stations. Maximum rates of site motion within the orogen exceed 3 mm/yr (directed NE) relative to stable Eurasia. This motion is accommodated by extension within the southwestern and central portions of the orogen, and shortening across the foreland thrust belt to the northeast of the range. The data set is consistent with contemporaneous extension and shortening at nearly equal rates. The northern Apennines block moves northeast faster than the Northern Adria microplate. Convergence between the Northern Apennines block and the Northern Adria microplate is accommodated across a narrow zone that coincides with the northeastern Apennines range front. Extension occurs directly above an intact vertically dipping slab inferred by previous authors from seismic tomography. The observed crustal deformation is consistent with a buried dislocation model for crustal faulting, but associations between crustal motion and seismically imaged mantle structure may also provide new insights on mantle dynamics.
    Description: Published
    Description: B04408
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: GPS, northern Apennines, retreat, Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    Neotectonics and long-term seismicity in Europe and the Mediterranean region (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-04
    Description: We present a neotectonic model of ongoing lithosphere deformation and a corresponding estimate of long-term shallow seismicity across the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary, including the eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean region, and continental Europe. GPS and stress data are absent or inadequate for the part of the study area covered by water. Thus, we opt for a dynamic model based on the stress-equilibrium equation; this approach allows us to estimate the long-term behavior of the lithosphere (given certain assumptions about its structure and physics) for both land and sea areas. We first update the existing plate model by adding five quasi-rigid plates (the Ionian Sea, Adria, Northern Greece, Central Greece, and Marmara) to constrain the deformation pattern of the study area. We use the most recent datasets to estimate the lithospheric structure. The models are evaluated in comparison with updated datasets of geodetic velocities and the most compressive horizontal principal stress azimuths. We find that the side and basal strengths drive the present-day motion of the Adria and Aegean Sea plates, whereas lithostatic pressure plays a key role in driving Anatolia. These findings provide new insights into the neotectonics of the greater Mediterranean region. Finally, the preferred model is used to estimate long-term shallow seismicity, which we retrospectively test against historical seismicity. As an alternative to reliance on incomplete geologic data or historical seismic catalogs, these neotectonic models help to forecast long-term seismicity, although requiring additional tuning before seismicity rates are used for seismic hazard purposes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5311–5342
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Tectonics ; Earthquake rates ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.03. Heat flow ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.01. Continents ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Relation between subduction megathrust earthquakes, trench sediment thickness and upper plate strain (2012)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-16
    Description: Giant earthquake (moment magnitude Mw 〉=8.5) forecasts for subduction zones have been empirically related to both tectonic stresses and geometrical irregularities along the subduction interface. Both of these controls have been suggested as able to tune the ability of rupture to propagate laterally and, in turn, exert an important control on giant earthquake generation. Here we test these hypotheses, and their combined influence, by compiling a dataset of trench fill thickness (a proxy for smoothing of subducting plate relief by sediment input into the subduction channel) and upper plate strain (a proxy for the tectonic stresses applied to the subduction interface) for 44 segments of the global subduction network. We statistically compare relationships between upper plate strain, trench sediment thickness and maximal earthquake magnitude. We find that the combination of both large trench fill (≥1 km) and neutral upper plate strain explains spatial patterns of giant earthquake occurrence to a statistically significant degree. In fact, the concert of these two factors is more highly correlated with giant earthquake occurrence than either factor on its own. Less frequent giant earthquakes of lower magnitude are also possible at subduction zones with thinner trench fill and compressive upper plate strain. Extensional upper plate strain and trench fill 〈 0.5 km appear to be unfavorable conditions, as giant earthquakes have not been observed in these geodynamical environments during the last 111 years.
    Description: Published
    Description: L05304
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: subduction zones ; trench sediment thickness ; Upper plate strain ; megathrust earthquakes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    How a complex basaltic volcanic system works: constraints from integrating seismic, geodetic and petrological data at Mt. Etna volcano during the July-August 2014 eruption (2017)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-07
    Description: Integrating geodetic, seismic, and petrological data for a recent eruptive episode at Mount Etna has enabled us to define the history of magma storage and transfer within the multilevel structure of the volcano, providing spatial and temporal constraints for magma movements before the eruption. Geodetic data related to the July–August 2014 activity provide evidence of a magma reservoir at ~4 km below sea level. This reservoir pressurized from late March 2014 and fed magmas that were then erupted from vents on the lower eastern flank of North-East Crater (NEC) and at New South-East Crater (NSEC) summit crater during the July eruptive activity. Magma drainage caused its depressurization since mid-July. Textural and microanalytical data obtained from plagioclase crystals indicate similar disequilibrium textures and compositions at the cores in lavas erupted at the base of NEC and NSEC, suggesting comparable deep histories of evolution and ascent. Conversely, the compositional differences observed at the crystal rims have been associated to distinct degassing styles during storage in a shallow magma reservoir. Seismic data have constrained depth for a shallow part of the plumbing system at 1–2 km above sea level. Timescales of magma storage and transfer have also been calculated through diffusion modeling of zoning in olivine crystals of the two systems. Our data reveal a common deep history of magmas from the two systems, which is consistent with a recharging phase by more mafic magma between late March and early June 2014. Later, the magma continued its crystallization under distinct chemical and physical conditions at shallower levels.
    Description: The petrological part of this study was supported by the FIR 2014 research grant to Marco Viccaro from the University of Catania (Italy), grant number 2F119B, title of the project “Dynamics of evolution, ascent and emplacement of basic magmas: case-studies from eruptive manifestations of Eastern Sicily”.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5659–5678
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Petrology ; eruption ; GPS ; volcano seismology ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    Seismotectonics of the Southern Apennines and Adriatic foreland: insights on active regional E-W shear zones from analogue modeling (2006)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The active tectonics at the front of the Southern Apennines and in the Adriatic foreland is characterized by E-W striking, right-lateral seismogenic faults, interpreted as reactivated inherited discontinuities. The best studied among these is the Molise-Gondola shear zone (MGsz). The interaction of these shear zones with the Apennines chain is not yet clear. To address this open question we developed a set of scaled analogue experiments, aimed at analyzing: 1) how dextral strike-slip motion along a pre-existing zone of weakness within the foreland propagates toward the surface and affects the orogenic wedge; 2) the propagation of deformation as a function of displacement; 3) any insights on the active tectonics of Southern Italy. Our results stress the primary role played by these inherited structures when reactivated, and confirm that regional E-W dextral shear zones are a plausible way of explaining the seismotectonic setting of the external areas of the Southern Apennines.
    Description: INGV, Università degli Studi di Pavia
    Description: Published
    Description: 21
    Description: open
    Keywords: Active strike-slip fault ; sandbox model ; southern Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    Petrology and Geochemistry of West Philippine Basin Basalts and Early Palau–Kyushu Arc Volcanic Clasts from ODP Leg 195, Site 1201D: Implications for the Early History of the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc (2005)
    Clarendon Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Site 1201D of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 195 recovered basaltic and volcaniclastic units from the West Philippine Basin that document the earliest history of the Izu–Bonin–Mariana convergent margin. The stratigraphic section recovered at Site 1201D includes 90 m of pillow basalts, representing the West Philippine Basin basement, overlain by 459 m of volcaniclastic turbidites that formed from detritus shed from the Eocene–Oligocene proto-Izu–Bonin–Mariana island arc. Basement basalts are normal mid-ocean ridge basalt (N-MORB), based on their abundances of immobile trace elements, although fluid-mobile elements are enriched, similar to back-arc basin basalts (BABB). Sr, Nd, Pb and Hf isotopic compositions of the basement basalts are similar to those of basalts from other West Philippine Basin locations, and show an overall Indian Ocean MORB signature, marked by high 208Pb/204Pb for a given 206Pb/204Pb and high 176Hf/177Hf for a given 143Nd/ 144Nd. Trace element and isotopic differences between the basement and overlying arc-derived volcaniclastics are best explained by the addition of subducted sediment or sediment melt, together with hydrous fluids from subducted oceanic crust, into the mantle source of the arc lavas. In contrast to tectonic models suggesting that a mantle hotspot was a source of heat for the early Izu–Bonin–Mariana arc magmatism, the geochemical data do not support an enriched, ocean island basalt (OIB)-like source for either the basement basalts or the arc volcanic section.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-23
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Back-arc basalts ; Izu–Bonin–Marianas ; Philippine Sea ; Subduction initiation ; Ocean Drilling Program Leg 195 ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    Constraints on mantle circulation around the deforming Calabrian slab (2006)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Combining tectonics, with seismological and geochemical data, we reconstruct the deformation history of the presently narrow Calabrian slab and the path of mantle circulation during the last 10 Ma. We show that during the slab deformation the mantle laterally flowed inside the back arc region permitting its retrograde motion and giving a seismological and volcanological record after 1–2 myr.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-4
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: mantle circulation ; Calabrian slab ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    Tectonic evolution of fault-bounded continental blocks: (2007)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We report on new paleomagnetic and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) data from Plio-Pleistocene sedimentary units from Corinth and Megara basins (Peloponnesus, Greece). Paleomagnetic results show that Megara basin has undergone vertical axis CW rotation since the Pliocene, while Corinth has rotated CCW during the same period of time. These results indicate that the overall deformation in central Greece has been achieved by complex interactions of mostly rigid, rotating, fault bounded crustal blocks. The comparison of paleomagnetic results and existing GPS data shows that the boundaries of the rigid blocks in central Greece have changed over time, with faulting migrating into the hanging walls, sometimes changing in orientation. The Megara basin belonged to the Beotia-Locris block in the past but has now been incorporated into the Peloponnesus block, possibly because the faulting in the Gulf of Corinth has propagated both north and east. Paleomagnetic and GPS data from Megara and Corinth basins have significant implications for the deformation style of the continental lithosphere. In areas of distributed deformation the continental lithosphere behaves instantaneously like a small number of rigid blocks with well-defined boundaries. This means that these boundaries could be detected with only few years of observations with GPS. However, on a larger time interval the block boundaries change with time as the active fault moves. Paleomagnetic studies distinguishing differential rotational domains provide a useful tool to map how block boundaries change with time.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-15
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Paleomagnetism ; Greece, block rotations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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