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  • 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring  (6)
  • Nonlinear internal waves  (3)
  • IEEE  (7)
  • Ambasciata di Italia a Tirana  (1)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • Public Library of Science
Collection
Keywords
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Years
  • 1
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    Tecnologie avanzate per il monitoraggio e la gestione sostenibile delle risorse idriche sotterranee: il caso Puglia (2010)
    Ambasciata di Italia a Tirana
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: The scientific activity carried out in recent years by CNR IRPI (Department of Bari) is finalized to develop methodologies and knowledge to optimize the management and safeguard of Apulian groundwater resources. In Apulia there are four hydrogeological units (Gargano, Tavoliere, Murgia and Salento). They exhibit varying geological, structural and morphological features. Apart from Puglia Tableland (Tavoliere), the remaining hydrogeological units share some common features. They consist of large and coastal aquifers, mainly constituted by carbonate rocks of Mesozoic age. In both the Gargano Promontory (Gargano) and the low Murge Plateau (Murgia) aquifers are under pressure except on a restricted coastline strip. In the Salentine Peninsula (Salento), subsurface water flow under phreatic conditions is prevailing. Finally, Puglia Tableland hydrogeological unit consists of a large porous aquifer; groundwater flows under phreatic conditions in the most internal and upstream portion, whereas it flows under pressure in the remaining part of the unit. The rapid socio-economic growth, which has occurred in the past decades, has continued to stress conditions in the Apulian hydrogeological system in Southern Italy, thereby leading to different hazardous conditions. Groundwater for domestic, irrigation and industrial use has been withdrawn in large quantities over the years. The aquifers are increasingly becoming the ultimate "receptacle" for wastewater. Apulia is affected by two types of human-related pollution: salt contamination which is spreading over large portions of land, that reducing the availability of good quality water and chemico-physical and biological pollution which is mainly confined to urban areas. The described approach and methodologies are: automatic monitoring network, numerical modeling, schematic mapping of groundwater quality with commonly available data, multiparameter well logging for rapid groundwater quality classification, groundwater vulnerability assessment, salinity trend analysis to evaluate the variation of seawater intrusion and the analysis of long time series finalized to quantify the modification of groundwater availability.
    Description: Published
    Description: Elbasan (Albania)
    Description: open
    Keywords: karstic hydrogeology ; Monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 2
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    NEMO-SN1 (Western Ionian Sea, off Eastern Sicily): Example of architecture of a cabled observatory (2012)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: NEMO-SN1, located in the central Mediterranean Sea, Western Ionian Sea, off Eastern Sicily Island (Southern Italy) at 2100 m water depth, 25 km from the harbour of the city of Catania, is a prototype of a cabled deep-sea multiparameter observatory and the first operating with real-time data transmission in Europe since 2005. NEMO-SN1 is also the first-established node of EMSO (European Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observatory, http://emso-eu.org), one of the incoming European large-scale research infrastructure included since 2006 in the Roadmap of the ESFRI (European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures, http://cordis.europa.eu/esfri/roadmap.htm), which will specifically address long-term monitoring of environmental processes related to Marine Ecosystems, Climate Change and Geo-hazards. NEMO-SN1 has been deployed and developed over the last decade thanks to Italian resources and to the EC project ESONET-NoE (European Seas Observatory NETwork - Network of Excellence, 2007-2011) that funded the LIDO-DM (Listening to the Deep Ocean - Demonstration Mission) and a technological interoperability test (http://www.esonet-emso.org/esonet-noe/). NEMO-SN1 is performing geophysical and environmental long-term monitoring by acquiring seismological, geomagnetic, gravimetric, accelerometric, physico-oceanographic, hydro-acoustic, bioacoustic measurements specifically related to earthquakes and tsunamis generation and ambient noise characterisation in term of marine mammal sounds, environmental and anthropogenic sources. A further main feature of NEMO-SN1 is to be an important test-site for the construction of KM3NeT (Kilometre-Cube Underwater Neutrino Telescope, http://www.km3net.org/), another large-scale research infrastructure included in the ESFRI Roadmap constituted by a large volume neutrino telescope. The description of the observatory and the most recent data acquired will be presented and framed in the general objectives of EMSO.
    Description: Published
    Description: Tokio, 5-8 April 2011
    Description: 4.4. Scenari e mitigazione del rischio ambientale
    Description: 4.6. Oceanografia operativa per la valutazione dei rischi in aree marine
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: NEMO-SN1 cabled observatory ; Geo-hazards ; Bio-acoustics ; High-energy astrophysics ; EMSO ; KM3NeT ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 3
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    Annual Acoustic Presence of Fin Whale (Balaenoptera physalus) Offshore Eastern Sicily, Central Mediterranean Sea (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In recent years, an increasing number of surveys have definitively confirmed the seasonal presence of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in highly productive regions of the Mediterranean Sea. Despite this, very little is yet known about the routes that the species seasonally follows within the Mediterranean basin and, particularly, in the Ionian area. The present study assesses for the first time fin whale acoustic presence offshore Eastern Sicily (Ionian Sea), throughout the processing of about 10 months of continuous acoustic monitoring. The recording of fin whale vocalizations was made possible by the cabled deep-sea multidisciplinary observatory, “NEMO-SN1”, deployed 25 km off the Catania harbor at a depth of about 2,100 meters. NEMO-SN1 is an operational node of the European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory (EMSO) Research Infrastructure. The observatory was equipped with a low-frequency hydrophone (bandwidth: 0.05 Hz–1 kHz, sampling rate: 2 kHz) which continuously acquired data from July 2012 to May 2013. About 7,200 hours of acoustic data were analyzed by means of spectrogram display. Calls with the typical structure and patterns associated to the Mediterranean fin whale population were identified and monitored in the area for the first time. Furthermore, a background noise analysis within the fin whale communication frequency band (17.9–22.5 Hz) was conducted to investigate possible detection-masking effects. The study confirms the hypothesis that fin whales are present in the Ionian Sea throughout all seasons, with peaks in call detection rate during spring and summer months. The analysis also demonstrates that calls were more frequently detected in low background noise conditions. Further analysis will be performed to understand whether observed levels of noise limit the acoustic detection of the fin whales vocalizations, or whether the animals vocalize less in the presence of high background noise.
    Description: Published
    Description: e0141838
    Description: 3A. Ambiente Marino
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Whales ; Bioacoustics ; Background noise (acoustics) ; Acoustic signals ; Sperm whales ; Vocalization ; Acoustics ; Data acquisition ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Hydrological and Physical Characterization of Cinque Terre Marine Protected Area (Ligurian Sea) and Evaluation of Current Velocity and Direction by AUV Navigation Tracks (2011)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: An integrated study, concerning the experimental observations, was performed during the oceanographic cruises on-board the two NURC research vessels, in the period between 2008 and 2010 in the Marine Protected Area of Cinque Terre (North-West Mediterranean Sea, Italy). The aim of the research is to describe the environmental features using both hydrological parameters and AUV navigation tracks, acquired respectively by a multi-parametric platform (MEDUSA) and AUV MUSCLE. The innovative contribution of this work is the possibility to evaluate the bottom stream without direct current measurements, but using the navigation data recorded by AUV. This work is a complementary analysis to environmental support of the ENI S.p.A. Exploration and Production Division project.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Seattle, USA
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Hydrology ; AUV ; Cinque Terre ; Ligurian Sea ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 5
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    Hydrological and Physical Characterization of Cinque Terre Marine Protected Area (Ligurian Sea) and Evaluation of Current Velocity and Direction by AUV Navigation Tracks (2011)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The integrated study, concerning the experimental observations, was performed during the oceanographic cruises on-board the two NURC research vessels, in the period between 2008 and 2010 in the Marine Protected Area of Cinque Terre (North-West Mediterranean Sea, Italy). The aim of the research is to describe the environmental features using both hydrological parameters and AUV navigation tracks, acquired respectively by a multi-parametric platform (MEDUSA) and AUV MUSCLE. The innovative contribution of this work is the possibility to evaluate the bottom stream without direct current measurements, but using the navigation data recorded by AUV. This work is a complementary analysis to environmental support of the ENI S.p.A. Exploration and Production Division project.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Hydrology ; AUV ; Cinque Terre ; Ligurian Sea ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Acoustic intensity fluctuations induced by South China Sea internal tides and solitons (2006)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © IEEE, 2004. This article is posted here by permission of IEEE for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering 29 (2004): 1249-1263, doi:10.1109/JOE.2004.834173.
    Description: Between late April and May 23, 2001, a suite of acoustic and oceanographic sensors was deployed by a team of U.S., Taiwan, and Singapore scientists in the northeastern South China Sea to study the effects of ocean variability on low-frequency sound propagation in a shelfbreak environment. The primary acoustic receiver was an L-shaped hydrophone array moored on the continental shelf that monitored a variety of signals transmitted along and across the shelfbreak by moored sources. This paper discusses and contrasts the fluctuations in the 400-Hz signals transmitted across the shelfbreak and measured by the vertical segment of the listening array on two different days, one with the passage of several huge solitons that depressed the shallow isotherms to near the sea bottom and one with a much less energetic internal wavefield. In addition to exhibiting large and rapid temporal changes, the acoustic data show a much more vertically diffused sound intensity field as the huge solitons occupied and passed through the transmission path. Using a space-time continuous empirical sound-speed model based on the moored temperature records, the observed acoustic intensity fluctuations are explained using coupled-mode physics.
    Description: This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research.
    Keywords: Intensity fluctuations ; Nonlinear internal waves ; Shallow water acoustics ; South China Sea (SCS)
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: 1369570 bytes
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  • 7
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    Internal solitons in the northeastern south China Sea. Part I: sources and deep water propagation (2006)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © IEEE, 2004. This article is posted here by permission of IEEE for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering 29 (2004): 1157-1181, doi:10.1109/JOE.2004.840839.
    Description: A moored array of current, temperature, conductivity, and pressure sensors was deployed across the Chinese continental shelf and slope in support of the Asian Seas International Acoustics Experiment. The goal of the observations was to quantify the water column variability in order to understand the along- and across-shore low-frequency acoustic propagation in shallow water. The moorings were deployed from April 21–May 19, 2001 and sampled at 1–5 min intervals to capture the full range of temporal variability without aliasing the internal wave field. The dominant oceanographic signal by far was in fact the highly nonlinear internal waves (or solitons) which were generated near the Batan Islands in the Luzon Strait and propagated 485 km across deep water to the observation region. Dubbed trans-basin waves, to distinguish them from other, smaller nonlinear waves generated locally near the shelf break, these waves had amplitudes ranging from 29 to greater than 140 m and were among the largest such waves ever observed in the world’s oceans. The waves arrived at the most offshore mooring in two clusters lasting 7–8 days each separated by five days when no waves were observed.Within each cluster, two types of waves arrived which have been named type-a and type-b. The type-a waves had greater amplitude than the type-b waves and arrived with remarkable regularity at the same time each day, 24 h apart. The type-b waves were weaker than the type-a waves, arrived an hour later each day, and generally consisted of a single soliton growing out of the center of the wave packet. Comparison with modeled barotropic tides from the generation region revealed that: 1) The two clusters were generated around the time of the spring tides in the Luzon strait; and 2) The type-a waves were generated on the strong side of the diurnal inequality while the type-b waves were generated on the weaker beat. The position of the Kuroshio intrusion into the Luzon Strait may modulate the strength of the waves being produced. As the waves shoaled, the huge lead solitons first split into two solitons then merged together into a broad region of thermocline depression at depths less than 120 m. Elevation waves sprang up behind them as they continued to propagate onshore. The elevation waves also grew out of regions where the locally-generated internal tide forced the main thermocline down near the bottom. The “critical point” where the upper and lower layers were equal was a good indicator of when the depression or elevation waves would form, however this was not a static point, but rather varied in both space and time according to the presence or absence of the internal tides and the incoming trans-basin waves themselves.
    Description: The planning, execution, and analysis of this work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research Ocean Acoustics and Physical Oceanography Programs. Significant funding contributions were also made by the National Science Council of Taiwan.
    Keywords: Baroclinic tides ; Nonlinear internal waves ; Ocean currents
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: 2809125 bytes
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  • 8
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    Hydrological and physical characterization of Cinque Terre Marine Protected Area (Ligurian Sea) and evaluation of current velocity and direction by AUV navigation tracks (2011)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The integrated study, concerning the experimental observations, was performed during the oceanographic cruises on-board the two NURC research vessels, in the period between 2008 and 2010 in the Marine Protected Area of Cinque Terre (North-West Mediterranean Sea, Italy). The aim of the research is to describe the environmental features using both hydrological parameters and AUV navigation tracks, acquired respectively by a multi-parametric platform (MEDUSA) and AUV MUSCLE. The innovative contribution of this work is the possibility to evaluate the bottom stream without direct current measurements, but using the navigation data recorded by AUV. This work is a complementary analysis to environmental support of the ENI S.p.A. Exploration and Production Division project.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Seattle, USA
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Hydrology ; AUV ; Cinque Terre ; Ligurian Sea ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 9
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    Observations of broadband acoustic backscattering from nonlinear internal waves : assessing the contribution from microstructure (2011)
    IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © IEEE, 2010. This article is posted here by permission of IEEE for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering 35 (2010): 695-709, doi:10.1109/JOE.2010.2047814.
    Description: In this paper, measurements of high-frequency broadband (160-590 kHz) acoustic backscattering from surface trapped nonlinear internal waves of depression are presented. These waves are ideal for assessing the contribution from oceanic microstructure to scattering as they are intensely turbulent. Almost coincident direct microstructure measurements were performed and zooplankton community structure was characterized using depth-resolved net sampling techniques. The contribution to scattering from microstructure can be difficult to distinguish from the contribution to scattering from zooplankton using a single narrowband frequency as microstructure and zooplankton are often colocated and can have similar scattering levels over a range of frequencies. Yet their spectra are distinct over a sufficiently broad frequency range, allowing broadband backscattering measurements to reduce the ambiguities typically associated with the interpretation of narrowband measurements. In addition, pulse compression signal processing techniques result in very high-resolution images, allowing physical processes that are otherwise hard to resolve to be imaged, such as Kelvin-Helmholtz shear instabilities. In this study, high-resolution acoustic observations of multiple nonlinear internal waves are presented and regions with distinct scattering spectra are identified. Spectra that decrease in level across the available frequency band were highly correlated to regions of intense turbulence and high stratification, and to Kevin-Helmholtz shear instabilities in particular. Spectra that increase in level across the available frequency band were consistent with scattering dominated by small zooplankton. Simple inversions for relevant microstructure parameters are presented. Limitations of, and improvements to, the broadband system and techniques utilized in this study are discussed.
    Description: This work was supported in part by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and the U.S. Office of Naval Research under Grant N000140210359.
    Keywords: Acoustic scattering ; Broadband ; Nonlinear internal waves ; Turbulent oceanic microstructure ; Zooplankton
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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