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  • 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous  (2)
  • Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei  (1)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Red Pompeian paintings, very famous for their deep intensity, are currently suffering from darkening. The origins of this darkening degradation are not clearly identified yet and remain a major issue for curators. In the specific case of cinnabar (HgS)-based red pigment, a photoinduced conversion into black metacinnabar is usually suspected. This work is focused on the blackening of red cinnabar paintings coated on a sparry calcite mortar. Different samples exhibiting different levels of degradation were selected upon visual observations and analyzed by synchrotron-based microanalytical techniques. Atomic and molecular compositions of the different debased regions revealed two possible degradation mechanisms. On one hand, micro X-ray fluorescence elemental maps show peculiar distributions of chlorine and sulfur. On the other hand, X-ray absorption spectroscopy performed at both Cl and S K-edges confirms the presence of characteristic degradation products: (i) Hg- Cl compounds (e.g., corderoite, calomel, and terlinguaite), which may result from the reaction with exogenous NaCl, in gray areas; (ii) gypsum, produced by the calcite sulfation, in black coatings. Metacinnabar is never detected. Finally, a cross section was analyzed to map the in-depth alteration gradient. Reduced and oxidized sulfur distributions reveal that the sulfated black coating consists of a 5-ím-thick layer covering intact cinnabar.
    Description: Published
    Description: 7484-7492
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Microspectroscopy Analysis ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: In any discussion of the evolution of a river basin, the history of sealevel change is important since river gradients and delta developments are strongly influenced by local sea level. Also, sea level provides a reference for inferring past vertical tectonic stability from the geological record. Hence it is appropriate that the discussion on the Tiber basin starts with sea level change along the Tyrrhenian coast during the Holocene. The past evidence for sea level comes from inferences of the position of the sea surface with respect to the present. Hence it is a relative measure; a function of both the changing position of the ocean surface and of the land surface or an integrated measure of changes in ocean volume, land movement and redistribution of water within the ocean basins. The observation therefore contains information on all the processes that change these surfaces: on geophysical, glaciological and oceanographic processes.
    Description: Published
    Description: Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Roma, Italy
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: open
    Keywords: Sea level, Tyrrhenian sea, Tiber ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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