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  • 04.07. Tectonophysics
  • geophysics
  • Wiley-AGU  (4)
  • AGU  (2)
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  • 1
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    Buried Alive: Imaging the 9 November 2022, Mw 5.5 Earthquake Source on the Offshore Adriatic Blind Thrust Front of the Northern Apennines (Italy) (2023)
    Wiley-AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-05
    Description: The prompt identification of faults responsible for moderate-to-large earthquakes is fundamental for understanding the likelihood of further, potentially damaging events. This is increasingly challenging when the activated fault is an offshore buried thrust, where neither coseismic surface ruptures nor GPS/InSAR deformation data are available after an earthquake. We show that on 9 November 2022, an Mw 5.5 earthquake offshore Pesaro ruptured a portion of the buried Northern Apennines thrust front (the Cornelia thrust system [CTS]). By post-processing and interpreting the seismic reflection profiles crossing this thrust system, we determined that the activated fault (CTS) is an arcuate 30-km-long, NW-SE striking, SW dipping thrust and that older structures at its footwall possibly influenced its position and geometry. The activation of adjacent segments of the thrust system is a plausible scenario that deserves to be further investigated to understand the full earthquake potential of this offshore seismogenic source.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2022GL102299
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Seismic reflection profiles ; Structural geology ; blind thrust ; buried fault ; earthquake sequence ; seismogenic fault ; subsurface modelling ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Frictional Properties of the Longmenshan Fault Belt Gouges From WFSD‐3 and Implications for Earthquake Rupture Propagation (2023)
    Wiley-AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-09
    Description: The 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake generated ∼270 and ∼80 km long surface ruptures along the Longmenshan fault belt, namely the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault (YBF) and the Guanxian-Anxian faults (GAF), respectively. So far, most of the frictional investigations were performed on the YBF gouge materials. Here, we present the results of rotary shear friction experiments performed on the GAF gouges recovered from the depth of ∼1.25 km of the Wenchuan Earthquake Fault Scientific Drilling project-3 along the GAF. The fault gouges, mainly composed of quartz, illite, chlorite, and kaolinite, were sheared at slip velocities V ranging from 10−5 to 2 m/s and normal stresses from 8.5 to 10 MPa under both room humidity and wet conditions. At any imposed slip velocity, the wet gouges have an apparent friction coefficient lower than the room humidity one. In addition, enhanced velocity-strengthening behavior at intermediate velocities (10 −2 m/s 〈 V ≤ 10 −1 m/s) was recognized. We characterized the products using field-emission scanning electron microscopy combined with synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis. These microanalytical investigations evidence the formation of size reduced particles (without mineral phase changes) and R- and Y-shears in the principal slip zone (PSZ). Regardless of the ambient conditions, the width of PSZ was proportional to the input frictional work density (the product of shear stress times displacement). Our results support the hypothesis that the GAF preferentially ruptures through wet fault gouges; however, the enhanced velocity-strengthening regime at intermediate velocities may act as a barrier to slip acceleration during fault rupture propagation.
    Description: This research was financially supported by: (1) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41830217) (2) the Taiwan ROC (Republic of China) Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 110-2116-M-008-002-MY2) and Earthquake-Disaster & Risk Evaluation and Management Center (E-DREaM) (3) The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE), Taiwan, (4) ERC CoG 614705 project NOFEAR
    Description: Published
    Description: e2022JB024081
    Description: 3T. Fisica dei terremoti e Sorgente Sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Friciton, Faults, Longmenshan ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 3
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    Comment on “Fragmentation of the Adriatic Promontory: New Chronological Constraints From Neogene Shortening Rates Across the Southern Alps (NE Italy)” by Moulin & Benedetti (2022)
    Wiley-AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-29
    Description: Moulin and Benedetti (2018), https://doi.org/10.1029/2018tc00495810.1029/2018tc004958 present a new interpretation of the Neogene-Quaternary tectonic evolution of the Eastern Southern Alps (ESA) in Friuli. After the reinterpretation of literature field data by means of remote sensing analysis (Digital Elevation Model interpretation), they calculated deformation rates of the tectonic structures through age interpretation of geomorphological surfaces of the Veneto-Friuli piedmont plain. The authors linked the result of surface analysis to the thrust and fold architecture of the ESA basing on the Castellarin et al. (2006), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2005.10.013 interpretation of TRANSALP project and the Friuli geological map at the scale 1:150,000 (Carulli, 2006). Discussing their new architecture of the ESA, the Authors finally yielded rates of Europe-Adria plates convergence and suggest fragmentation of Adria over the last 1–2 Ma. The present comment is aimed at discussing several critical points concerning: the use of the geomorphological and chronological data; the misinterpretation of the Digital Terrain Model; the reconstruction of the balanced geological cross section. Moreover, the application of a structural model defined in a certain area to another without considering peculiar structural complexities available in the literature results is geologically and methodologically questionable.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2019TC005696
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Comment ; active tectonics ; NE Italy ; Eastern Southern Alps ; Geodynamics ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    Tectonophysics Perspectives on Integrated, Coordinated, Open, Networked (ICON) Science (2022)
    Wiley-AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-05
    Description: This article is composed of two independent opinion pieces about the state of integrated, coordinated, open, and networked (ICON) principles (Goldman et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EO153180; Goldman et al., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ea002099) in Tectonophysics and discussion on the opportunities and challenges of adopting them. Each opinion piece focuses on a different topic: (a) global collaboration, technology transfer and application, reproducibility, and data sharing and infrastructure; and (b) field, experimental, remote sensing, and real-time data research and application. Within tectonophysics science, ICON-FAIR principles are starting to be adopted and implemented, however they have not become frequent and there are still plenty of opportunities for further development. During the last decade, standardization reduced fragmentation, facilitated openly available databases, and enabled different modeling methods to be combined. On the other hand, integration and coordination remained insufficient as exemplified by numerous geophysical interpretation programs running on different platforms, lacking the proper documentation and with diverse output formats. We agree that adapting the principles of ICON-FAIR brings high efforts and risks, but in the end, it has great benefits and potential in the tectonophysics community.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2021EA002144
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: integrated, coordinated, open, and networked (ICON) science ; Databases ; Data sharing ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Reproducing the velocity and stress fields in the aegean Region (2020)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-16
    Description: Recent satellite geodetic measurements help to clearly define the velocity field in the Aegean-Anatolian area. The velocity field can be broadly characterized by anticlockwise rotation of this region relative to Eurasia, around a pole located at Lat. 32.73, Long. 32.03, north of the Egyptian shoreline. Studies of the fault kinematics in the region also provide information on the time evolution of the stress field. In this work, we model deformation in the Aegean-Anatolian region to better understand the tectonic origin of the observed stress and velocity fields. We found that the observed deformation pattern can be well reproduced by imposing simple boundary conditions including: (1) northward displacement of the Arabian plate, (2) locking of eastward motion in northwestern Greece and (3) suction force at the Hellenic trench. The observed variation in the stress field occurred at 0.9 Ma can be partially explained by a change in the activity of the North Anatolian fault.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2087-2090
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Plate Motion ; Continental tectonics ; Dynamics of lithosphere and mantle ; Plate boundary ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Repeated surveys reveal nontectonic exposure of supposedly active normal faults in the central Apennines, Italy (2017)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-31
    Description: We investigate the geomorphic processes that expose bedrock fault surfaces from under their slope-deposit cover in the central Apennines (Italy). These bedrock fault surfaces are generally located at various heights on mountain fronts above the local base level of glacio-fluvial valleys and intermountain fluvio-lacustrine basins and are laterally confined to the extent of related mountain fronts. The process that led to the exposure of fault surfaces has often been exclusively attributed to coseismic earthquake slip and used as proxy for tectonic slip rates and earthquake recurrence estimations. We present the results of monitoring the contact between the exposed fault surfaces and slope deposits at 23 measurement points on 12 different faults over 3.4 year long observation period. We detected either downward or upward movements of the slope deposit with respect to the fault surface between consecutive measurements. During the entire observation period all points, except one, registered a net downward movement in the 2.9–25.6 mm/yr range, resulting in the progressive exposure of the fault surface. During the monitoring period no major earthquakes occurred in the region, demonstrating that the measured exposure process is disconnected from seismic activity. Our results indicate that the fault surface exposure rates are rather due to gravitational and landsliding movements aided by weathering and slope degradation processes. The so far neglected slope degradation and other (sub)surface processes should thus be carefully taken into consideration before attempting to recover fault slip rates using surface gathered data.
    Description: The work presented in this paper was planned and funded by Project MIUR-FIRB “Abruzzo,” code RBAP10ZC8K_003.
    Description: Published
    Description: 114-129
    Description: 1T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Fault ribbon ; Nastrini di faglia ; surface processes ; Abruzzo ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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