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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring  (22)
  • 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data  (16)
  • INGV  (30)
  • Geological Society of America  (7)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
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  • 1
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    The November 2002 degassing event at Panarea Island (Italy): five months of geochemical monitoring (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-09
    Description: On 3rd November 2002, at about 3 km off-shore of Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands, Southern Italy), a series of gas vents suddenly and violently opened from the seafloor at the depth of 10-15 m, with an unusually high gas flux and superimposing on the already existing submarine fumarolic field. Starting from the 12th November 2002 a discontinuous geochemical monitoring program was carried out. The emissions consisted in an emulsion whose liquid phase derived from condensation of an uprising vapor phase occurring close to the fluid outlets without significant contamination by seawater. The whole composition of the fluids was basically H2O- and CO2-dominated, with minor amounts of typical «hydrothermal» components (such as H2S, H2, CO and light hydrocarbons), atmospheric-related compounds, and characterized by the occurrence of a significant magmatic gas fraction (mostly represented by SO2, HCl and HF). According to the observed temporal variability of the fluid compositions, between November and December 2002 the hydrothermal feeding system was controlled by oxidizing conditions due to the input of magmatic gases. The magmatic degassing phenomena showed a transient nature, as testified by the almost complete disappearance of the magmatic markers in a couple of months and by the restoration, since January 2003, of the chemical features of the existing hydrothermal system. The most striking feature of the evolution of the «Panarea degassing event» was the relatively rapid restoration of the typical reducing conditions of a stationary hydrothermal system, in which the FeO/Fe1.5O redox pair of the rock mineral phases has turned to be the dominating redox controlling system.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Aeolian Islands ; Panarea ; submarine fumaroles ; gas chemistry ; geochemical monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Robust satellite techniques for volcanicand seismic hazards monitoring (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-17
    Description: Several satellite techniques have been proposed to monitor events related to seismic and volcanic activity. A selfadaptive approach (RAT, Robust AVHRR Techniques) has recently been proposed which seems able to recognise space-time anomalies, differently related to such events, also in the presence of highly variable contributions from atmospheric (transmittance), surface (emissivity and morphology) and observational (time/season, but also solar and satellite zenithal angles) conditions. On the basis of NOAA-AVHRR data, the RAT aprroach has already been applied to Mount Etna volcanic ash cloud monitoring in daytime, and to seismic area monitoring in Southern Italy. This paper presents the theoretical basis for the extension of RAT approach also to nighttime volcanic ash cloud detection, together with its possible implementation to lava flow monitoring. One example of successful forecasting (few days before) of a new lava vent opening during the Mount Etna eruption of July 2001 will be discussed in some detail. Progress on the use of the same approach on seismically active area monitoring will be discussed by comparison with previous results achieved on the Irpinia-Basilicata earthquake (MS = 6.9), which occurred on November 23rd 1980 in Southern Italy.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: lava flows ; volcanic ash clouds ; Irpinia-Basilicata earthquake ; Robust AVHRR Techniques ; TIR anomaly ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Scientific overview and historical context of the 1811-1812 New Madrid earthquake sequence (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-21
    Description: The central and eastern United States has experienced only 5 historic earthquakes with Mw 7.0, four during the New Madrid sequence of 1811-1812: three principal mainshocks and the so-called «dawn aftershock» following the first mainshock. Much of the historic earthquake research done in the United States has focused on the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ), because the largest New Madrid earthquakes may represent the archetype for the most damaging earthquakes to be expected in intraplate regions. Published magnitude values ranging from 7.0 to 8.75 have generally been based on macroseismic effects, which provide the most direct constraint on source size for the events. Critical to the interpretation of these accounts is an understanding of their historic context. Early settlments clustered along waterways, where substantial amplification of seismic waves is expected. Analyzing the New Madrid intensity values with a consideration of these effects yields preferred values of Mw 7.2-7.3, 7.0, and 7.4-7.5 for the December, January, and February mainshocks, respectively, and of 7.0 for the «dawn aftershock». These values are consistent with other lines of evidence, including scaling relationships. Finally, I show that accounts from the New Madrid sequence reveal evidence for remotely triggered earthquakes well outside the NMSZ. Remotely triggered earthquakes represent a potentially important new wrinkle in historic earthquake research, as their ground motions can sometimes be confused with mainshock ground motions.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: New Madrid earthquakes ; intraplate ; historic ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Hydrothermal fluid flow disruptions evidenced by subsurface changes in heat transfer modality: The La Fossa cone of Vulcano (Italy) case study (2016)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: Detecting volcanic unrest is of primary importance for eruption forecasting, especially on volcanoes characterized by highly dangerous, and often seemingly unpredictable, phreatic or phreatomagmatic eruptions. We present a simple and innovative analysis of shallow vertical temperature profiles to depths of 70 cm. These data were recorded at La Fossa cone of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy), during an episode of increased hydrothermal and seismic activities that occurred between September and December 2009. This work involves the use of the coefficient of determination (R-2) on vertical temperature profiles in order to identify changes in conductive versus convective heat transfer modality. The increase in convective heat transfer can be related to the disruption of the hydrothermal system due to its pressurization and/or variation of ground permeability between the hydrothermal system and the surface. While raw temperature data do not evidence any significant variation during the period investigated and the classic temperature gradient is highly influenced by seasonal variations, the fluctuation of R-2 displayed striking spikes that coincided with the seismic swarm inside the volcanic edifice. Such a low-cost device associated with easy real-time data processing could constitute a very promising, yet deceptively simple, technique to monitor hydrothermal systems, in order to assess the hazard posed by high-energy eruptions for populations living close to active volcanoes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 959-962
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: seismicity ; temperature ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    MACROMAP: Una Utility per MAPINFO™ per la georeferenziazione di dati macrosismici e la loro rappresentazione cartografica (2008)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: Questo lavoro presenta una utility per il GIS MapInfo™ sviluppata per l'archiviazione ed elaborazione dei dati macrosismici dalla fase di georeferenziazione fino al plottaggio finale su mappa. L'identificazione della località associata con un'osservazione macrosismica è un'operazione che talvolta può causare errori ed in seguito problemi nell'analisi ed interpretazione dei dati. La routine MacroMap fornisce uno strumento che in modo semplice e veloce aiuti nell'identificazione della corretta località a cui attribuire l'informazione macrosismica durante lo studio di un terremoto. L'utility è strutturata per utilizzare il formato della directory geografica DIR04 e le procedure adottate nella compilazione del DataBase Macrosismico Italiano DBMI04. MacroMap è stata sperimentata "sul campo" durante alcune indagini macrosismiche e tiene conto dell'esperienza e dei suggerimenti degli operatori del Gruppo QUEST (QUick Earthquake Survey Team). I campi di utilizzo di MacroMap vanno dalla realizzazione speditiva di mappe e tabelle per la produzione di report macrosismici per la Protezione Civile, alla revisione di terremoti storici, grazie all'avanzato sistema di query disponibile per la selezione dei toponimi del database geografico.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-21
    Description: 5.1. TTC - Banche dati e metodi macrosismici
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Osservazioni macrosismiche ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Terremoti con effetti macrosismici in Sicilia orientale nel periodo Gennaio 2006 - Dicembre 2008 (2010)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: The macroseismic surveys of earthquakes occurred in Sicily during the time-span 2006-2008, are hereinafter presented. Analysed data mainly concern events located in the volcanic region of Mt. Etna, together with other regional shocks which have produced relevant macroseismic effects in northern and southern Sicily. Data have been collected following the guidelines of the QUEST working group (QUick Earthquake Survey Team, and then processed according to the procedures used for compiling the catalogue and macroseismic database issued in the framework of the TTC (Transversely Coordinated Theme) 5.1 “Banche dati e metodi macrosismici” of INGV.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-37
    Description: 5.1. TTC - Banche dati e metodi macrosismici
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: macroseismic data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    The French macroseismic database SISFRANCE: objectives, resultsand perspectives (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-05
    Description: To comply with nuclear safety requirements, an in-depth research program for the revision of existing catalogues was initiated back in 1974. The priority of the partners involved in the SISFRANCE project was to establish the most exhaustive documentary databank in order to construct an intensity macroseismic database, concerning both epicentral and punctual observations. The architecture of the SISFRANCE database is presented. The strength of this parametric database is the attribution of reliability coefficients at all levels of interpretations going from the documentary sources to the final intensity estimate. To ensure homogeneity of the database, a general guideline was defined. The resulting macroseismic relational database SISFRANCE contains 65000 intensity observations attesting to the existence of 5283 earthquakes (575 with Io = VI) that have been felt on the French metropolitan territory over the past one thousand years. Thanks to the homogeneous methodology and to the continuous collaboration between BRGM, EDF and IRSN for the past 30 years, SISFRANCE is today a reference database and a key tool for seismic hazard assessment.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: SISFRANCE database ; macroseismic historical seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    Rupture history of the 1997 Umbria-Marche (Central Italy) main shocks from the inversion of GPS, DInSAR and near field strong motion data (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-05
    Description: We investigate the rupture history of the three largest magnitude earthquakes of the 1997 Umbria-Marche sequence by inverting GPS, DInSAR and near-source strong motion waveforms. We use the frequency domain inversion procedure proposed by Cotton and Campillo (1995) and calculate the Green s functions for a layered halfspace using the discrete wavenumber and reflectivity methods. We first invert GPS measurements and DInSAR interferograms to image the coseismic slip distribution on the fault planes in a layered half space for the two earthquakes that occurred on September 26, 1997 at 00:33 UTC (Mw = 5.7) and 09:40 UTC (Mw = 6.0) near Colfiorito. We also invert DInSAR interferograms to infer the slip distribution during the subsequent earthquake that occurred on October 14, 1997 at 15:23 UTC (Mw = 5.6) in the SE section of the seismogenic zone near Sellano. We also explore the set of acceptable solutions using a genetic algorithm to have information on the available resolution of geodetic data. The slip models obtained by geodetic data inversion are used to perform a forward modeling of strong motion waveforms for all three events. We adopt a constant rupture velocity of 2.6 km/s and a constant rise time of 1 s. Our results show that these rupture models provide an acceptable fit to recorded waveforms. Finally, we invert the recorded ground displacements, collected during the September 26th 09:40 main shock and the October 14th Sellano earthquake, to constrain the rupture history. We use the geodetic slip distribution as starting model for the iterative inversion procedure. The retrieved rupture models are consistent with those inferred from geodetic data and yield a good fit to recorded seismograms. These rupture models are characterized by a heterogeneous slip distribution and an evident rupture directivity in agreement with previous observations.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: slip history ; waveform inversion ; geodetic data modeling ; Colfiorito earthquakes ; kinematic source models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.03. Inverse methods ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    Basaltic scoria textures from a zoned conduit as precursors to violent Strombolian activity (2010)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-21
    Description: Pyroclast textures document volcanic conduit processes and may be key to hazard forecasting. Here we show that the relative abundance of mingled, variably crystallized domains in pyroclasts from scoria cone eruptions provide a record of magma ascent velocity and can be used to predict the onset of violent Strombolian activity. Scoria clasts from the Croscat Complex Scoria Cone (Spain) ubiquitously show m- to cm-sized, microlite-rich domains (MRD) intermingled with volumetrically-dominant, microlite-poor ones (MPD). Glass and bulk composition show that MRDs formed by microlite crystallization of MPDs, the former residing longer in a relatively cooler, degassed zone lining the conduit walls, the latter traveling faster in the central, hotter streamline. MPD and MRD magmas intermingled along the interface between the two velocity zones. The proportion of MPD and MRD in different tephra layers reflects the extent of the fast- and slow-flowing zones, thus reflecting the ascent velocity profile of magma during the different phases. At Croscat, the MPD/MRD volume ratio increased rapidly during the early Strombolian activity, peaked around the Strombolian to violent Strombolian shift, and then decreased smoothly irrespective of shifts in eruptive style. We suggest that magma ascent velocity escalated during the Strombolian phase due to the buoyant push of the underlying, volatile-rich magma that was about to drive the following violent Strombolian activity. Monitoring the MPD/MRD ratio of tephra during ongoing scoria cone eruptions may reveal changes in magma flow conditions and could forecast the onset of hazardous violent Strombolian activity.
    Description: Published
    Description: 439–442
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: basaltic ; violent strombolian ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    PLINIO: an interactive web interface for seismic monitoring of Neapolitan volcanoes (2008)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-30
    Description: Seismic monitoring of active volcanoes has different and sometimes contrasting requirements. The peculiar features of volcanic seismicity makes an interactive system more complex than required for typical seismic monitoring. Intense seismic swarms of small magnitude earthquakes need a rapid but consistent processing for tracking in real time the evolution of an ongoing volcanic unrest. At the same time a comparison with the past record for detecting patterns still observed or anomalous behaviours is needed. Furthermore a correlation between different parameters as event magnitude and depth, event occurrence rate and volcanic tremor amplitude may be required. Finally, a rapid exchange of information among scientists located worldwide can be important for drawing conclusions about the evolution of a crisis. The first task can be fullfilled by an automatic seismic processing system, followed by a manual revision from expert seismologists. The second and the third can be simply accomplished storing the results of the processing in relational databases, that very well suited for such applications. The last task can be simply achieved by making the dataset accessible on-line thour a web server, in a friendly and interactive way. On the basis of the experience matured on the automatic seismic monitoring system of Stromboli ([2]) the research team of Monitoring Centre of I.N.G.V. “Osservatorio Vesuviano” started developing a similar software infrastructure for the monitoring of Neapolitan volcanoes. The existing databases: GeoVes, with supervised analysis, and Web Based Seismological Monitoring (WBSM) system, with automatic location, have been joined into a single friendly graphical interface aimed at improving the data accesibility and efficiency of the monitoring system.
    Description: Published
    Description: 363-374
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 5.9. TTC - Sistema web
    Description: open
    Keywords: plinio ; Neapolitan volcanoes ; web interface ; seismic monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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