ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: An account of the results of the 2 March 1987 earthquake in the eastern Bay of Plenty and the aftermath's effects on the people and places on the Rangitaiki Plains

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface. - Oil and gas from the sea. - Sating our energy hunger. - Producing natural gas and mineral oil. - Oiling the oceans. - Conclusion: Less marine oil pollution - despite growing energy demand. - Sea-floor mining. - Resources for the world. - Manganese nodule treasures. - Metal-rich crusts. - Massive sulphides in smoky depths. - Conclusion: Ocean mining - not a gold rush but an option. - Energy from burning ice. - From plankton to hydrate. - Methane hydrate - a new energy source?. - The impacts of hydrate mining. - Conclusion: Valuable resource or greenhouse gas?. - Clean production and equitable distribution. - The international community's responsibility. - The coastal states' responsibility. - Conclusion: Can commercial exploitation of marine minerals be safe and equitable?. - Overall conclusion. - Glossary. - Abbreviations. - Contributions. - Bibliography. - Table of figures. - Index. - Partners and Acknowledgements. - Publication details.

Description / Table of Contents: Die Energieversorgung der Welt steht vor einer radikalen Wende: Mit Fracking erschließt eine neue Techniken bislang unerreichbare Öl- und Gasquellen in der Tiefe. Das verändert die Spielregeln im globalen Energiemarkt.Durch die Ausbeutung dieser sogenannten unkonventionellen Lagerstätten können einige Staaten, die bislang von Öl- und Gas-Importen abhängig sind, zu Exporteuren aufsteigen. Die Preise für Energie werden gerade in diesen Regionen enorm sinken. Unternehmen investieren Milliarden in Fracking und die LNG-Technologie zur Erdgasverflüssigung und verändern damit das Gefüge der Weltwirtschaft. Für energieintensive Industrien wie Stahl- und Aluminiumhütten, Automobilfertigung oder Maschinenbau werden etwa Verlagerungen in der Produktion nötig, um die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu halten.Doch die Fracking-Technologie ist heftig umstritten. In diesem Buch stellen Experten den neuesten Stand der Diskussion, Chancen und Risiken des Fracking-Booms vor. Entscheider aus Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft können sich so ein unvoreingenommenes Bild machen, um in einer aufgeheizten Debatte kompetent teilnehmen zu können.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction ; 2. Global manufacturing landscape ; 3. World manufacturing growth - empirical evidence ; 4. Changing scenarios of world manufacturing, 1990-2010 ; 5. The effect of the 2008-2009 financial crisis on world manufacturing ; 6. The impact of MVA redistribution on other variables ; 7. Conclusion

Description / Table of Contents: This text book provides the theoretical background of rock fracture mechanics and displacement discontinuity methods used for the modelling of geomechanical problems. The computer program FRACOD is used to analyse the fracture problems, assessing fracture initiation and propagation in tension (Mode I), shear (Mode II) and mixed mode I and II of solid intact or jointed geomaterials. The book also presents the fundamentals of thermo-mechanical coupling and hydro-mechanical coupling. Formulations of multiple regional mechanical, thermal and hydraulic functions, which allow analyses of fracture mechanics problems for structures made of brittle, rock-like materials, are provided. In addition, instructive examples of code verification and applications are presented. Additional material: The 2-D version of the FRACOD program, a manual on the program and a wealth of verification examples of classical problems in physics, mechanics and hydromechanics are available at http://extras.springer.com. A large number of applications related to civil, mining, petroleum and environmental engineering are also included.- The first textbook available on modelling of rock fracture propagation - Introduces readers to the fundamentals of rock fracturing - Uses a modern style of teaching with theory, mathematical modelling and applications in one package - The basic version of the FRACOD software, manual, verification examples and applications are available as additional material - The FRACOD program and manual enable the readers to solve fracture propagation problems on their own.

Description / Table of Contents: Ausführlicher Einstieg in HTML, CSS und JavaScript * Designs umsetzen und gute GUIs erstellen * Ereignisse behandeln und Funktionen einsetzen * Serverkommunikation, AJAX und Websockets nutzen * Mit oder ohne HTML5 und CSS3 * Karten einbinden und GPS-Daten auswerten * Responsive Webdesign und Touch Events * Webseiten für einfach alles, was einen Bildschirm hat * Video- und Audiomaterial einbinden * Zeichnen mit Canvas

Description / Table of Contents: The significance of bottom-up approaches initiated by civil society as well as the importance of the local level as the level for implementation is often overlooked when dealing with megacity developments. The main aim of this volume is to retrospectively trace participatory and local action approaches to climate change adaptation and mitigation in urban areas from seven case studies of the programme. By bringing together experiences gained from pilot projects and action research, the volume narrates the "stories behind" individual activities and co-operation processes, illustrates ingenuous results and lessons learned, and formulates overarching conclusions and recommendations for future participatory field research and realisation of urban development projects.

Description / Table of Contents: Orogenic andesites have long intrigued scientists because of their remarkable compositional similarities to the continental crust. The significance of orogenic andesites as proxies to continental crust formation has been recognized for over 30 years, but no consensus model of andesite genesis exists. Much of the controversy revolves around whether orogenic andesites are primary melts of slab and mantle materials, or instead evolve from basaltic mantle melts at shallower crustal levels. In three sections, this book provides an overview of andesite genesis at convergent margins that focuses on the slab mantle interaction, crustal processing and andesite evolution through the life of volcanic arcs. Without favouring a particular view, the books aims to engender cross-fertilization and discussion that will smooth the pathway towards a holistic communal model of andesite petrogenesis and its role within the broader geochemical cycles of the Earth.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ ; 2 Introduction to C++ Programming; Input/Output and Operators ; 3 Introduction to Classes, Objects and Strings ; 4 Control Statements: Part 1; Assignment, ++ and -- Operators ; 5 Control Statements: Part 2; Logical Operators ; 6 Functions and an Introduction to Recursion ; 7 Class Templates array and vector; Catching Exceptions ; 8 Pointers ; 9 Classes: A Deeper Look; Throwing Exceptions ; 10 Operator Overloading; Class string ; 11 Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance ; 12 Object-Oriented Programming: Polymorphism ; 13 Stream Input/Output: A Deeper Look ; 14 File Processing ; 15 Standard Library Containers and Iterators ; 16 Standard Library Algorithms ; 17 Exception Handling: A Deeper Look ; 18 Introduction to Custom Templates ; 19 Custom Templatized Data Structures ; 20 Searching and Sorting ; 21 Class string and String Stream Processing: A Deeper Look ; 22 Bits, Characters, C Strings and structs ; 23 Other Topics

Description / Table of Contents: Content: Part I Space Geodesy-based Atmospheric Remote Sensing as a Synergistic Link between Geodesy and Meteorology.- Part II Application of Geodetic Techniques in Cryospheric Studies.- Part III Structure and Deformation of Plate Interiors.- Part IV Integrated Earth Observing Systems.- Part V Tectonic Geodesy and Earthquakes.- Part VI Reference Frames from Regional to Global Scales.- Part VII Monitoring and Modelling of Mass Distribution and Mass Displacements by Geodetic Methods.- Part VIII Monitoring and Modelling Earth Rotation.- Part IX Multisensor Systems for Engineering Geodesy.- Part X Geodetic Imaging Techniques.- Part XI Towards a Unified World Height System.- Part XII High Precision GNSS.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: PART 1 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS. - 1 Introduction. - 1.1 Climate archives, variables and dating. - 1.2 Noise and statistical distribution. - 1.3 Persistence. - 1.4 Spacing. - 1.5 Aim and structure of this book. - 1.6 Background material. - 2 Persistence models. - 2.1 First-Order Autoregressive Model. - 2.1.1 Even spacing. - 2.1.2 Uneven Spacing. - 2.2 Second-Order Autoregressive Model. - 2.3 Mixed Autoregressive Moving Average Model. - 2.4 Other models. - 2.4.1 Long-memory process. - 2.4.2 Nonlinear and non-gaussian models. - 2.5 Climate theory. - 2.5.1 Stochastic climate models. - 2.5.2 Long memory of temperature fluctuations?. - 2.5.3 Long memory of river runoff. - 2.6 Background material. - 2.7 Technical issues. - 3 Bootstrap confidence intervals. - 3.1 Error bars and confidence intervals. - 3.1.1 Theoretical example: Mean estimation of Gaussian White Noise. - 3.1.2 Theoretical example: Standard deviation estimation of Gaussian White Noise. - 3.1.3 Real world. - 3.2 Bootstrap principle. - 3.3 Bootstrap resampling. - 3.3.1 Nonparametric: Moving block bootstrap. - 3.3.2 Parametric: Autoregressive Bootstrap. - 3.3.3 Parametric: Surrogate Data. - 3.4 Bootstrap Confidence Intervals. - 3.4.1 Normal confidence interval. - 3.4.2 Student's t confidence interval. - 3.4.3 Percentile confidence interval. - 3.4.4 BCa Confidence Interval. - 3.5 Examples. - 3.6 Bootstrap hypothesis tests. - 3.7 Notation. - 3.8 Background material. - 3.9 Technical issues. - PART 2 UNIVARIATE TIME SERIES. - 4 Regression I. - 4.1 Linear regression. - 4.1.1 Weighted least-squares and ordinary least-squares estimation. - 4.1.2 Generalized least-squares estimation. - 4.1.3 Other estimation types. - 4.1.4 Classical confidence intervals. - 4.1.5 Bootstrap confidence intervals. - 4.1.6 Monte Carlo Experiments: Ordinary least-squares estimation. - 4.1.7 Timescale errors. - 4.2 Nonlinear regression. - 4.2.1 Climate Transition Model: Ramp. - 4.2.2 Trend-Change Model: Break. - 4.3 Nonparametric regression or smoothing. - 4.3.1 Kernel estimation. - 4.3.2 Bootstrap confidence intervals and bands. - 4.3.3 Extremes or outlier detection. - 4.4 Background material. - 4.5 Technical issues. - 5 Spectral analysis. - 5.1 Spectrum. - 5.1.1 Example: AR(1) process, discrete time. - 5.1.2 Example: AR(2) process, discrete time. - 5.1.3 Physical meaning. - 5.2 Spectral estimation. - 5.2.1 Periodogram. - 5.2.2 Welch's overlapped segment averaging. - 5.2.3 Multitaper estimation. - 5.2.4 Lomb-Scargle estimation. - 5.2.5 Peak detection: red-noise hypthesis. - 5.2.6 Example: Peaks in monsoon spectrum. - 5.2.7 Aliasing. - 5.2.8 Timescale errors. - 5.2.9 Example: Peaks in monsoon spectrum (continued). - 5.3 Background material. - 5.4 Technical Issues. - 6 Extreme value time series. - 6.1 Data types. - 6.1.1 Event times. - 6.1.2 Peaks over threshold. - 6.1.3 Block extremes. - 6.1.4 Remarks on data selection. - 6.2 Stationary models. - 6.2.1 Generalized extreme value distribution. - 6.2.2 Generalized pareto distribution. - 6.2.3 Bootstrap confidence intervals. - 6.2.4 Example: Elbe summer floods, 1852-2002. - 6.2.5 Persisitence. - 6.2.6 Remark: Tail estimation. - 6.2.7 Remark: Optimal estimation. - 6.3 Nonstationary models. - 6.3.1 Time-dependent generalized extreme value distribution. - 6.3.2 Inhomogenous poisson process. - 6.3.3 Hybrid: Poisson-Extreme value distribution. - 6.4 Sampling and time spacing. - 6.5 Background material. - 6.6 Technical issues. - PART 3 BIVARIATE TIME SERIES. - 7. Correlation. - 7.1 Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. - 7.1.1 Remark: Alternative correlation measures. - 7.1.2 Classical confidence intervals, nonpersistent processes. - 7.1.3 Bivariate time series models. - 7 .1.4 Classical Confidence Intervals, Persistent Processes. - 7.1.5 Bootstrap Confidence Intervals. - 7.2 Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient. - 7.2.1 Classical Confidence Intervals, Nonpersistent Processes. - 7.2.2 Classical Confidence Intervals, Persistent Processes. - 7.2.3 Bootstrap Confidence Intervals. - 7.3 Monte Carlo Experiments. - 7.4 Example: Elbe Runoff Variations. - 7.5 Unequal Timescales. - 7.5.1 Binned Correlation. - 7.5.2 Synchrony Correlation. - 7.5.3 Monte Carlo Experiments. - 7.5.4 Example: Vostok Ice Core Records. - 7.6 Background Material. - 7. 7 Technical Issues. - 8 Regression II. - 8.1 Linear Regression. - 8.1.1 Ordinary Least-Squares Estimation. - 8.1.2 Weighted Least-Squares for Both Variables Estimation. - 8.1.3 Wald-Bartlett Procedure. - 8.2 Bootstrap Confidence lntervals. - 8.2.1 Simulating Incomplete Prior Knowledge. - 8.3 Monte Carlo Experiments. - 8.3.1 Easy Setting. - 8.3.2 Realistic Setting: Incomplete Prior Knowledge. - 8.3.3 Dependence on Accuracy of Prior Knowledge. - 8.3.4 Mis-Specified Prior Knowledge. - 8.4 Example: Climate Sensitivity. - 8.5 Prediction. - 8.5.1 Example: Calibration of a Proxy Variable. - 8.6 Lagged Regression. - 8.6.1 Example: CO2 and Temperature Variations in the Pleistocene. - 8.7 Background Material. - 8.8 Technical Issues. - PART 4 OUTLOOK. - 9 Future Directions. - 9 .1 Timescale Modeling. - 9.2 Novel Estimation Problems. - 9.3 Higher Dimensions. - 9.4 Climate Models. - 9.4.1 Fitting Climate Models to Observations. - 9.4.2 Forecasting with Climate Models. - 9.4.3 Design of the Cost Function. - 9.4.4 Climate Model Bias. -9.5 Optimal Estimation. - 9.6 Background Material. - References. - Author Index. - Subject Index.

Description / Table of Contents: Climate is a paradigm of a complex system. Analysing climate data is an exciting challenge, which is increased by non-normal distributional shape, serial dependence, uneven spacing and timescale uncertainties. This book presents bootstrap resampling as a computing-intensive method able to meet the challenge. It shows the bootstrap to perform reliably in the most important statistical estimation techniques: regression, spectral analysis, extreme values and correlation. This book is written for climatologists and applied statisticians. It explains step by step the bootstrap algorithms (including novel adaptions) and methods for confidence interval construction. It tests the accuracy of the algorithms by means of Monte Carlo experiments. It analyses a large array of climate time series, giving a detailed account on the data and the associated climatological questions.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Introduction ; 2 System impacts of VRE deployment ; 3 Technical flexibility assessment of case study regions ; 4 Costs and benefits: the value of variable renewable energy ; 5 System-friendly VRE deployment ; 6 Operational measures for VRE integration ; 7 Flexibility investment options ; 8 System transformation and market design ; Conclusions and recommendations

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Metal resources, use and criticality - The mining industry and the supply of critical minerals - Recycling of (critical) metals - Antimony - Beryllium - Cobal - Gallium - Germanium- Indium- Lithium - Magnesium - Platinum-group metals - Rare earth elements - Rhenium - Tantalum and niobium - Tungsten

Description / Table of Contents: The Oman Mountains contain one of the world's best- exposed and best-understood fold-thrust belts and the largest, best-exposed and most intensively studied ophiolite complex on Earth. This volume presentsnew international research from authors currently active in the field focusing on the geology of the Oman Mountains, the foreland region, the carbonate platforms of Northern and Central Oman and the underlying basement complex. In addition there is a particular focus on geoconservation in the region.The volume is divided into three main sections that discuss the tectonics of the Arabian plate using insights from geophysics, petrology, structural geology, geochronology and palaeontology; the petrology andgeochemistry of the Oman Ophiolite and the sedimentary and hydrocarbon systems of Oman, drawing on the geophysics, structure and sedimentology of these systems. The volume is enhanced by numerous colour images

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Treibhauseffekt & Co unter der Lupe - Ein kritischer Blick auf Statistiken, Messmethoden und Tatsachen aller Art - Welchen Klimaveränderungen müssen wir uns stellen?- Künftige Herausforderungen und Chancen von Wasserkraft bis Tourismus

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction; 1 Social science, religions, and climate change ; PART I The Global South ; 2 A retreating Goddess? Conflicting perceptions of ecological change near the Gangotri-Gaumukh glacier ; 3 Religion, indigenous knowledge and climate change in a mountain region: A case study of Thini village, Mustang, Nepal ; 4 Climate change projects in the land of gross national happiness: Does religion play a role in environmental policy in Bhutan? 5 Pursuing diplomacy overseas, fostering adaptation at home: The Church of Bangladesh's proactive responses to climate change ; 6 From theology to a praxis of ""eco-jihad"": The role of religious civil society organizations in combating climate change in Indonesia ; 7 Churches building resiliency to climate change in Solomon Islands ; 8 Prophecies and climate change in the Mam Altiplano of Guatemala ; 9 Religious perspectives on climate change in the West Ivoirian mountainous region ; 10 Climate change and indigenous African religion: A case study of the transitional ecological zone of Ghana ; PART II The Global North ; 11 Stepping up to the plate: Climate change, faith communities and effective environmental advocacy in Canada ; 12 The U.S. Catholic response to climate change ; 13 ""How many Presbyterians does it take to change a light bulb?"" Confronting global climate change in the Presbyterian Church, U.S.A. ; 14 Keep Christianity brown! Climate denial on the Christian Right in the United States ; 15 Christian and Muslim climate activists fasting and praying for the planet: Emotional translation of ""dark green"" activism and green-faith identities ; 16 ""Healing the Land"" in the Canadian Arctic: Evangelism, knowledge, and climate change ; PART III The transnational context ; 17 An investigation of perception of climate change risk, environmental values and development programming in a faith-based international development organization ; 18 International advocacy for climate justice; Conclusion ; 19 Climate change and religion as global phenomena: Summing up and directions for further research

Description / Table of Contents: Over the last two decades, exploration of the deep subsurface biosphere has developed into a major research area. New findings constantly challenge our concepts of global biogeochemical cycles and the ultimate limits to life.In order to explain our observations from deep subsurface ecosystems it is necessary to develop truly interdisciplinary approaches, ranging from microbiology and geochemistry to physics and modeling.This book aims to bring together a wide variety of topics, covering the broad range of issues that are associated with deep biosphere exploration. Not only does the book present case studies of selected projects, but also treats questions arising from our current knowledge. Despite nearly two decades of research, there are still many boundaries to exploration caused by technical limitations and one section of the book is devoted to these technical challenges and the latest developments in this field. This volume will be of high interest to biologists, chemists and earth scientists all working on the deep biosphere.

Description / Table of Contents: Early warning for geologic disasters is a subject of intensive research. Opening up the path for students and lecturers alike, this book presents innovative trends in geoscientific research in this subject. The book successfully fills a gap in this field. The past years have seen new technologies that could be utilized for early warning and real-time loss estimation. They include self-organizing sensor networks, new satellite imagery with high resolution, multi-sensor observational capacities, and crowd sourcing. From this and improved physical models, data processing and communication methodologies a significant step towards better early warning technologies has been achieved by research.At the same time, early warning systems became part of the disaster management practice for instance in Japan and Indonesia. This book marks the important point where:* Research activities continue to improve early warning * Experience with applications is expandingAt this critical point in development of early warning for geological disasters it is timely to provide a volume that documents the state-of-the-art, provides an overview on recent developments and serves as knowledge resource for researcher and practitioners.

Description / Table of Contents: Your Python code may run correctly, but you need it to run faster. By exploring the fundamental theory behind design choices, this practical guide helps you gain a deeper understanding of Python's implementation. You'll learn how to locate performance bottlenecks and significantly speed up your code in high-data-volume programs. This book includes war stories from companies that use high performance Python for social media analytics, productionized machine learning, and other situations.

Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: PREFACE. - INTERACT PARTNER STATIONS AND INTERACT OBSERVER STATIONS. - ABOUT INTERACT. - INTRODUCTION. - 1 Management planning. - 1.1Introduction to management planning. - 1.2 Master Plan/Strategic Plan and other management planning documents. - 1.2.1Vision and mission statements. - 1.2.2 Conceptual framework for the station. - 1.2.3 Terms of Reference (ToR) for station operations. - 1.2.4Strategy, including Programme and Implementation Plan. - 1.3 Other plans and regulations. - 1.3.1Land Use Plan. - 1.3.2Facility Plan. - 1.3.3 Business Plan / Financial Plan. - 1.3.4 Other relevant plans. - 1.3.5 Policies. - 1.3.6 Description of procedures, rules and recommendations. - 1.4Check lists. - 31.4.1Application handling - check list. - 1.4.2 Visitor information - check list. - 1.4.3 Emergency operations - check lists. - 1.4.6Inventories - check lists. - Key considerations. - Examples. - 2 Policies. - 2.1Introduction. - 2.2 Examples of types of policies. - Key considerations. - Examples. - 3 Staff. - 3.1Organisation, roles and responsibilities. - 3.2 Attracting and keeping good staff. - Key considerations. - Station examples. - 4 Visitors. - 4.1Introduction. - 4.2 Pre-visit phase (application phase). - 4.2.1Communication with potential applicants. - 4.2.2 Important information that can be included in information documents to visitors. - 4.3 Visit phase. - 4.3.1Communication with visitors at the station. - 4.3.2Creating a good work environment at the station. - 4.3.3 Conflict mitigation and mental health problems. - 4.4 Post-visit phase. - Key considerations. - Examples. - Station examples. - 5 Permit issues. - 5.1Introduction. - 5.2 National/regional/local legislation and permits. - 5.3 Communication with authorities and local communities. - 5.4 Application procedures and forms for station access. - 5.4.1Application guidelines for applicants. - 5.4.2 Application handling procedures for station management. - 5.4.3 Application form. - 5.4.4 Permit or user agreement. - 5.5 Communication with applicants. - 5.6 GIS based project management tool developed under INTERACT. - 5.6.1System specification. - 5.6.2Migration - inclusion of additional stations. - 5.6.3 Research on environmental informatics. - 5.6.4Typical development and implementation procedures. - Key considerations. - Examples. - 6Health and safety. - 6.1Introduction. - 6.2 Health and safety policies. - 6.2.1 Health policy - required health status for access to station. - 6.2.2 Under-aged, senior and family policy. - 6.2.3 Insurance policy and disclaimer. - 6.3 Important risks and mitigation measures. - 6.3.1Risk assessment. - 6.3.2Transport - risks and mitigation measures. - 6.3.3 Field work - risks and mitigation measures. - 6.3.4 At station - risks and mitigation measures. - 6.4 Emergency preparedness. - 6.5 Medical facilities. - 6.6 Health and safety training. - Key considerations. - Examples. - Station examples. - 7 Environmental impact. - 7.1Introduction. - 7.2 Legislation and standards. - 7.3 Environmental Impact Assessment. - 7.4 Limiting environmental impacts. - 7.5 Eco-policies. - Key considerations. - 8 Outreach and marketing. - 8.1Introduction. - 8.2 Stakeholders and marketing/outreach mechanisms. - 8.2.1Stakeholder groups - marketing. - 8.2.2Stakeholder groups - outreach. - 8.2.3 Marketing and outreach mechanisms. - 8.3 Developing a marketing and outreach strategy (or a communication strategy). - 8.4 Local involvement/Citizen Science. - Key considerations. - Examples. - Station examples. - 9 Research and monitoring. - 9.1Introduction. - 9.2 Organisational set-up of science and logistics functions. - 9.3 Research and monitoring strategy and working programme. - 9.4 International scientific networks and organisations with an arctic focus. - 9.4.1Arctic Council. - 9.4.2 Multi-disciplinary international organisations and projects. - 9.4.3 Single discipline/parameters networks. - 9.5 International assessments and strategies of relevance to development of science/monitoring strategies. - Key considerations. - Station examples. - 10 Training and education. - 10.1Introduction. - 10.2 Training. - 10.3 Education. - Key considerations. - Examples. - Station examples. - 11Knowledge capture and data management. - 11.1Introduction. - 11.2 Operational data for station management. - 11.3 Research data management. - 11.3.1Introduction to metadata and DOI. - 11.3.2 Data discovery and data publication. - 11.3.3 Data policies. - 11.4 Data-related outreach and education. - 11.5 Formulation of a 'Data Management Plan'. - Key considerations. - APPENDICES. - Appendices, Chapter 1 Management planning. - 1.1 Land Use Plan - Kings Bay logistics company, Svalbard. - 1.2 User information check list - Toolik Field Station, Alaska, USA. - Appendices, Chapter 2 Policies (station examples). - 2.1a Environmental policy - NERC Arctic Research Station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. - 2.1b Environmental policy - Sverdrup Station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. - 2.2a Ethics policy - NERC Arctic Research Station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. - 2.2b Ethics policy; alcohol and drugs policy - Sverdrup Station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. - 2.2c Ethics policy; alcohol and drugs policy - Toolik Field Station, Alaska, USA. - 2.3 Extreme weather/winter operation policy - Toolik Field Station, Alaska, USA. - 2.4a Health and safety policy - NERC Arctic Research Station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. - 2.4b Health and safety policy - Sverdrup Station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. - 2.5 Information policy (data and publication sharing policy) - NERC Arctic Research Station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. - 2.6 Sponsorship policy - NERC Arctic Research Station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. - 2.7 Staff policy - Sverdrup Station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. - 2.8a Transport; snow machine/snowmobile use policy - Barrow Arctic Research Center/Barrow Environmental Observatory, Alaska, USA.. - 2.8b Transport; snow machine/snowmobile use policy - Toolik Field Station, Alaska, USA. - 2.9 Under-aged and family policy - Toolik Field Station, Alaska, USA. - Appendices, Chapter 4 Visitors. - 4.1User guide - Sermilik Research Station, Greenland. - 4.2 Permit issues - FINSE Alpine Research Center, Norway. - 4.3 Visitor information - Kolari Research Unit, Finland. - 4.4 Visitor information - Abisko Scientific Research Station, Sweden. - Appendices, Chapter 5 Permit issues. - 5.1 Application form - Abisko Scientific Research Station, Sweden. - 5.2 Application form for protected areas - Metsähallitus, Finland. - 5.3 Application form - Finse Alpine Research Center, Norway. - 5.4Application form - Zackenberg Research Station, Greenland. - 5.5 Generalised application form based on best practice examples. - Appendices, Chapter 6 Health and safety. - 6.1Insurance statement, independent groups - Government of Greenland. - 6.2 Insurance statement, self-insured institutions - Government of Greenland. - 6.3 Risk assessment - Sermilik Research Station, Greenland. - 6.4 Declaration of indemnity - Samoylov Research Station/AWI, Russia/Germany. - Appendices, Chapter 7 Environmental management. - 7.1Example of generalised contents from Environmental Impact Assessment. - 7.2 EIA Screening Checklist with thought example (in grey text) - EU. - 7.3 Environmental impact and mitigation measures for research station operations. - Appendices, Chapter 9 Research and monitoring. - 9.1Example of research and monitoring strategy and working programme contents - Greenland Ecosystem Monitoring. - 9.2 Example of monitored variables - Abisko Scientific Research Station, Sweden. - Appendices, Chapter 11 Knowledge capture and data management. - 11.1 Development of local data capture and storing mechanism. - INDEX.

Description / Table of Contents: INTERACT is a one-stop shop for access to research infrastructures in the Arctic and in alpine areas of the Northern Hemisphere. The main objective of INTERACT is to build capacity for identifying, understanding, predicting and responding to changes throughout the wide environmental and land-use envelopes of the Arctic and alpine areas of the Northern Hemisphere. The INTERACT network of field stations provides a unique platform for terrestrial sciences and the network hosts and operates top level research and monitoring projects and programmes within a wide range of scientific disciplines. This book is about management of arctic and northern alpine research stations. In the book, INTERACT's station managers share their knowledge and experiences gained from managing a set of very different research stations in very different environmental and climatic settings. The target audience for the book is mainly managers of research stations in arctic and alpine areas, but it is the hope that it will also be a useful tool for others being involved in science coordination and logistics, for example research institutions, chief scientists and expedition planners.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface 1. Trapped? ; 2. The Three Domains ; Pillar I: Standards and Engagement for Smarter Choices ; 3. Energy and Emissions: Technologies and systems ; 4. Why So Wasteful? ; 5. Tried and Tested: Four decades of energy efficiency policy ; Pillar II: Markets and Pricing for Cleaner Production and Products ; 6. Pricing Pollution ; 7. Cap-and-trade and offsets: From idea to practice ; 8. Who's hit? The distributional impacts of carbon pricing and how to handle them ; Pillar III: Strategic Investment for Innovation and Infrastructure ; 9. Pushing Further, Pulling Deeper: Bridging the technology valley of death ; 10. Transforming Systems ; 11. The Dark Matter of Economic Growth ; 12. Conclusions: Changing course

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Introduction. - 2 Chinese loess and the east-asian monsoon. - 3 Asian monsoon variability recorded in other archives. - 4 Asian dust, eolian iron and black carbon-connections to climate changes. - 5 Mammalian evolution in asia linked to climate changes. - 6 Late cenozoic climate change in monsoon-arid Asia and global changes. - Index.

Description / Table of Contents: This book is the first of its kind on environmental change research devoted to monsoon-arid environment evolution history and its mechanism involved. Capturing the most prominent features of Asian climate and environmental changes, it gives a comprehensive review of the Asian monsoon records providing evidence for spatial and temporal climatic and environmental changes across the Asian continent since the Last Cenozoic. The dynamics underlying these changes are explored based on various bio-geological records and in particular based on the evidence of loess, speleothems as well as on mammal fossils. The Asian monsoon-arid climate system which quantifies the controlling mechanisms of climate change and the way it operates in different time scales is described. Attempts to differentiate between natural change and human-induced effects, which will help guide policies and countermeasures designed to support sustainable developement on the Chinese loess plateau and the arid west.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction ; Into the dragon's den ; Four telling tales ; The essential role of policy ; No risk, no reward ; Competing against incumbents ; The global diffusion of cleaner energy technologies ; Appendixes

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Part 1: The Time Value of Capital ; Introduction ; Building Blocks: Interest and Dividends-The Basic Model ; Interest Rates ; Valuation of Periodic Cash Flows ; Fundamental Bond Valuation Models ; Fundamental Share Valuation Models-The Earnings Model and the Dividend Model ; Fundamental Share Valuation Models-Modigliani and Miller's Cash Flow Model ; Capital Budgeting-Corporate Investment Decision Criteria ; Capital Budgeting-Net Cash Flow Construction ; Part 2: The Risk Value of Capital ; Investment Decisions in Random Markets ; Personal Preferences in Uncertain Markets ; The Mean-Variance Model ; The Capital Asset Pricing Model ; Assembling a Practical Portfolio-Allocating a Few Assets ; Adding Subjective Views to Portfolio Allocation (the Black-Litterman Model) ; Capital Structure-Maximizing Company Value ; The Cost of Corporate Capital ; Risk Trading ; Option Pricing ; Summary, Insights, and Further Study

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Published annually, this volume contains data for the last two years for which final data is available on the supply and consumption of coal, oil, natural gas, electricity, heat, renewables and waste presented as comprehensive energy balances. Data are expressed in thousand tonnes of oil equivalent for over 100 non-OECD countries. Historical tables summarise production, trade and final consumption data as well as key energy and economic indicators. Other tables show preliminary estimates of last year's production (and trade when available) for natural gas, primary coal and oil. This book also includes definitions of products and flows, explanatory notes on the individual country data and conversion factors from original units to energy units.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Wahrscheinlichkeit.- Zufallsgrößen und Verteilungen.- Klassisches Schätzen.- Klassisches Testen.- Die Posterioriverteilung.- Bayessches Schätzen.- Bayessches Testen.- Drei historische Fälle.- A. Standardnormalverteilung

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Part I Introduction ; 1 Introduction: Decision-Making, Global Negotiations and Climate Change: The Making of a Decision Framework ; Part II The Climate Change Negotiations: The Value of Context and Modeled Experience ; 2 Contextualization of Multilateral Climate Change Negotiations: Understanding the Meaning of Path Dependency for Decision-Making ; 3 Negotiation Re-visited: Understanding Decision-making ; 4 Simulation as Method of Research: Learning from Experiences of the COP15 Games ; 5 Complexities in Global Climate Talks: Stumbling Blocks to Decision Making ; Part III Understanding the Conflictual Relations in the Global Climate Talks ; 6 The Entanglement of Global Climate Talks in North-South Relations: Identity Politics in the Trajectories of Relations ; 7 Rethinking Paradigms in Global Climate Talks: Conceptualizing Equitable Access to Sustainable Development (EASD) ; Part IV Strategic Facilitation of Global Climate Negotiations: Opportunities and Intervention ; 8 Strategic Facilitation of the Climate Decision Making Process: Leadership and Coordination as Basis for Long-Term Cooperation ; 9 Managing the Bargaining Table Through Flexibility Mechanisms: The Benefits of Coalitions and Sequencing ; Part V Conclusion ; 10 Conclusion: Decision-Making, Global Negotiations and Climate Change - Lessons for Theory and for Practice

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: I. Vision nachhaltiges Europa ; Visionen und Politik: Wissen, Angst, Wagnis ; Nobelpreis für die EU: Mahnung für mehr Nachhaltigkeit ; Politik für ein nachhaltiges Europa ; II. Strategiekomponenten der Nachhaltigkeit ; Suffizienz - unentbehrlich für Nachhaltigkeit ; Konsistenz - schlüssig für Nachhaltigkeit ; Effizienz - erforderlich für Nachhaltigkeit ; III. Visionieren - Elemente des guten Lebens ; Homo socialis - auf der Suche nach dem anderen Glück ; Gelassenheit - Annäherungen an eine Kultur des Lassens ; Subsistenz - voll für die eigenen Kosten einstehen ; Begrenzung der Wünsche - das "Satisfaktionsprinzip" ; Homo sustinens - neue Einsichten für nachhaltiges Handeln ; IV. Wachsen und Schrumpfen ; Wachstum und Umwelt in China - Widersprüche mit System ; Globale Energiewende. Dekarbonisierung der Wirtschaft ; Wachstumsneutrale Unternehmensführung ; Seltene Erden - Gewinnung und Wiedergewinnung ; Urban Mining - Beispiel Metallgewinnung ; Einstürzende Luftschlösser: gescheiterte Großprojekte ; V. Schritte zur Nachhaltigkeit ; "Der Kongress tanzt" - Nachhaltigkeit braucht Lebendigkeit ; Freie Information für die Umweltbewegung ; Parlamente auf dem Weg zur Nachhaltigkeitspolitik ; Finanzmarktakteure pushen Nachhaltigkeit ; Nachhaltigkeitsbarometer: Befragung von Jugendlichen ; Smart Metering - intelligentes Stromsparen? ; Abfall-Recycling-Schiffe - Meeresschutz auf neuen Wegen ; Stiftungen als ökologische Ideengeber ; VI. Vordenker ; Günter Altner - großer Kopf, freier Geist ; Elinor Ostrom - Pionierin der Institutionenanalyse ; VII. Umweltinstitutionen ; Die Solarbundesliga ; Urban Mining e. V. ; Virtuelle Akademie Nachhaltigkeit ; VIII. Ökologie konkret ; Deutschland 2050. Bausteine für eine nachhaltige Zukunft ; Was hat die Enquete für die Ökologie gebracht? ; IX. Das Umweltbuch des Jahres ; Das Umweltbuch des Jahres

Description / Table of Contents: The projects in the Future Megacities programme gain valuable experiences in developing energy efficient standards and urban structures with adequate conditions to treat resources with care and avoid unnecessary emissions. To achieve the ambitious objectives, it is essential to convince and enable people to take an active part in sustainable development. This requires qualification and education efforts at different levels, with different target groups and for different topics. This volume presents several proven and evaluated capacity building measures. Proper workmanship, individual responsibility and the ability for personal professional progress are presented in the categories Training Practice and Enabling Local Communities. The authors share their experience and inspire people to set up own comparable projects.

Description / Table of Contents: "It is increasingly clear that the world of climate politics is no longer confined to the activities of national governments and international negotiations. Critical to this transformation of the politics of climate change has been the emergence of new forms of transnational governance that cut across traditional state-based jurisdictions and operate across public and private divides. This book provides the first comprehensive, cutting-edge account of the world of transnational climate change governance. Co-authored by a team of the world's leading experts in the field and based on a survey of sixty case studies, the book traces the emergence, nature and consequences of this phenomenon, and assesses the implications for the field of global environmental politics. It will prove invaluable for researchers, graduate students and policy makers in climate change, political science, international relations, human geography, sociology and ecological economics"--

Description / Table of Contents: This unitary resource sets out the derivation of conservation, thermodynamic, and evolution equations used in modeling multiphase porous media systems. It includes detailed, multiscale applications and a forward-looking discussion of open research issues. Thermodynamically constrained averaging theory provides a consistent method for upscaling conservation and thermodynamic equations for application in the study of porous medium systems. The method provides dynamic equations for phases, interfaces, and common curves that are closely based on insights from the entropy inequality. All larger scale variables in the equations are explicitly defined in terms of their microscale precursors, facilitating the determination of important parameters and macroscale state equations based on microscale experimental and computational analysis. The method requires that all assumptions that lead to a particular equation form be explicitly indicated, a restriction which is useful in ascertaining the range of applicability of a model as well as potential sources of error and opportunities to improve the analysis.

Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Elements of Thermodynamically Constrained Averaging Theory.- Chapter 2 Microscale Conservation Principles.- Chapter 3 Microscale Thermodynamics.- Chapter 4 Microscale Equilibrium Conditions.- Chapter 5 Microscale Closure for a Fluid Phase.- Chapter 6 Macroscale Conservation Principles.- Chapter 7 Macroscale Thermodynamics.- Chapter 8 Evolution Equations.- Chapter 9 Single-Fluid-Phase Flow.- Chapter 10 Single-Fluid-Phase Species Transport.- Chapter 11 Two-Phase Flow.- Chapter 12 Modeling Approach and Extensions.- Appendix A Considerations on Calculus of Variations.- Appendix B Derivations of Averaging Theorems.- Appendix C Constrained Entropy Inequality Derivations.- Index.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: A. Vorwort ; B.Brennpunkt Energiewende ; C.Trend der globalen Herausforderungen ; D. Themenkomplexe ; Transformationsforschung: Szene einer Reformdebatte ; Transformation des bundesdeutschen Stromsystems im Spannungsfeld von Wettbewerb und regulatorischem Design ; Multiple Objectives for Governance of the global commons ; Das Ende des Ölzeitalters ; Bürgerbeteiligung der Energiewende ; Bedingungen für erfolgreiche Veränderungsprozesse ; Energiewende in Deutschland ; Technischer Wandel in der Energiewende - notwendig, aber nicht hinreichend ; Die rechtliche Energiewende seit 2011 - ein klima-, naturschutz- und landnutzungsbezogener Erfolg? ; Viele neue Höchstspannungsleitungen - wofür und für wen? ; Die Notwendigkeit einer Außenpolitik für die Energiewende ; Akzeleratoren der Diffusion klimafreundlicher Technik ; Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Abbau umweltschädlicher Subventionen ; Beitrag von Facility Management zur Reduktion des Energieverbrauchs im Gebäudebetrieb

Description / Table of Contents: Naturally fractured reservoirs constitute a substantial percentage of remaining hydrocarbon resources; theycreate exploration targets in otherwise impermeable rocks, including under-explored crystalline basement;and they can be used as geological stores for anthropogenic carbon dioxide. Their complex behaviour duringproduction has traditionally proved difficult to predict, causing a large degree of uncertainty in reservoirdevelopment. The applied study of naturally fractured reservoirs seeks to constrain this uncertainty bydeveloping new understanding, and is necessarily a broad, integrated, interdisciplinary topic. This bookaddresses some of the challenges and advances in knowledge, approaches, concepts, and methods usedto characterize the interplay of rock matrix and fracture networks, relevant to fluid flow and hydrocarbonrecovery. Topics include: describing, characterizing and identifying controls on fracture networks fromoutcrops, cores, geophysical data, digital and numerical models; geomechanical influences on reservoirbehaviour; numerical modelling and simulation of fluid flow; and case studies of the exploration and developmentof carbonate, siliciclastic and metamorphic naturally fractured reservoirs.