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  • Ecology
  • 2010-2014  (86)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1935-1939
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  • 1
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2010-11-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lunt, Dan -- England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 4;468(7320):37. doi: 10.1038/468037c.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21048749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Computer Simulation ; Ecology ; *Periodicals as Topic/trends ; *Publishing/trends ; *Software/standards
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2010-06-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schrope, Mark -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jun 3;465(7298):540-2. doi: 10.1038/465540a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20520684" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conservation of Natural Resources/economics/legislation & jurisprudence/*methods ; Ecology ; Fisheries/economics/legislation & jurisprudence/*methods/statistics & numerical ; data ; Fishes/physiology ; Marine Biology ; New England
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2010-05-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2010 May 13;465(7295):135-6. doi: 10.1038/465135b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20463694" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ecology ; *Global Warming ; Humans ; Research Personnel/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *State Government ; Universities/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Virginia
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2010-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schrope, Mark -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 12;466(7308):802. doi: 10.1038/466802a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20703275" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disasters/*statistics & numerical data ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Marine Biology ; Oceanography ; Oceans and Seas ; Petroleum/adverse effects/*analysis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Seawater/*chemistry ; *Uncertainty ; Volatilization
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2010-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schrope, Mark -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 20;465(7296):274-5. doi: 10.1038/465274a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20485402" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Disasters ; Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Marine Biology ; Oceans and Seas ; Petroleum/adverse effects/*analysis/supply & distribution/toxicity ; Seawater/*chemistry ; *Ships ; Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2010-09-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mayer, Paul -- England -- Nature. 2010 Sep 9;467(7312):153. doi: 10.1038/467153b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20829773" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cities ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Human Activities ; Humans ; Urban Population
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2010-10-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilbert, Natasha -- England -- Nature. 2010 Oct 28;467(7319):1021. doi: 10.1038/4671021a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981066" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Altitude ; Aquatic Organisms/physiology ; *Coal ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Electric Conductivity ; Mining/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Trees/physiology ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Water Pollution/*prevention & control ; West Virginia
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2011-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cressey, Daniel -- England -- Nature. 2011 Nov 16;479(7373):277. doi: 10.1038/479277a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22094665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Coral Reefs ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Environmental Monitoring ; Eutrophication ; Geography ; Iran ; Oceans and Seas ; United Arab Emirates
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2012-11-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2012 Nov 22;491(7425):496.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23189323" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/drug effects ; Ecology ; *Environmental Restoration and Remediation/economics/legislation & ; jurisprudence/trends ; Ethinyl Estradiol/adverse effects/analysis ; Fishes/abnormalities ; Great Britain ; International Cooperation ; *Water Purification/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Water Supply/economics/legislation & jurisprudence
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2012-01-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Florens, F B Vincent -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jan 4;481(7379):29. doi: 10.1038/481029b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22222742" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Ecology ; Environmental Policy/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Mauritius
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2012-06-09
    Description: Evidence is mounting that extinctions are altering key processes important to the productivity and sustainability of Earth's ecosystems. Further species loss will accelerate change in ecosystem processes, but it is unclear how these effects compare to the direct effects of other forms of environmental change that are both driving diversity loss and altering ecosystem function. Here we use a suite of meta-analyses of published data to show that the effects of species loss on productivity and decomposition--two processes important in all ecosystems--are of comparable magnitude to the effects of many other global environmental changes. In experiments, intermediate levels of species loss (21-40%) reduced plant production by 5-10%, comparable to previously documented effects of ultraviolet radiation and climate warming. Higher levels of extinction (41-60%) had effects rivalling those of ozone, acidification, elevated CO(2) and nutrient pollution. At intermediate levels, species loss generally had equal or greater effects on decomposition than did elevated CO(2) and nitrogen addition. The identity of species lost also had a large effect on changes in productivity and decomposition, generating a wide range of plausible outcomes for extinction. Despite the need for more studies on interactive effects of diversity loss and environmental changes, our analyses clearly show that the ecosystem consequences of local species loss are as quantitatively significant as the direct effects of several global change stressors that have mobilized major international concern and remediation efforts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hooper, David U -- Adair, E Carol -- Cardinale, Bradley J -- Byrnes, Jarrett E K -- Hungate, Bruce A -- Matulich, Kristin L -- Gonzalez, Andrew -- Duffy, J Emmett -- Gamfeldt, Lars -- O'Connor, Mary I -- England -- Nature. 2012 May 2;486(7401):105-8. doi: 10.1038/nature11118.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225-9160, USA. hooper@biol.wwu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22678289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; *Extinction, Biological ; Models, Biological
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2012-10-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tollefson, Jeff -- England -- Nature. 2012 Oct 25;490(7421):458-9. doi: 10.1038/490458a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23099379" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/metabolism ; Canada ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; *Carbon Sequestration ; Ecology ; Environmental Policy/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Oceans and Seas ; Phytoplankton/growth & development/metabolism ; Politics ; Salmon/*growth & development ; Seawater/*chemistry ; Uncertainty
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2014-08-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennicutt, Mahlon C 2nd -- Chown, Steven L -- Cassano, John J -- Liggett, Daniela -- Massom, Rob -- Peck, Lloyd S -- Rintoul, Steve R -- Storey, John W V -- Vaughan, David G -- Wilson, Terry J -- Sutherland, William J -- England -- Nature. 2014 Aug 7;512(7512):23-5. doi: 10.1038/512023a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA, and past-president of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research. ; Monash University, Victoria, Australia. ; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA. ; Gateway Antarctica, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. ; Australian Antarctic Division, and Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Hobart, Australia. ; British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK. ; Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. ; School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. ; School of Earth Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. ; Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25100467" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antarctic Regions ; Astronomy ; Atmosphere/chemistry ; Biological Evolution ; Budgets ; *Climate Change ; Conservation of Natural Resources/methods ; Ecology ; Exobiology ; Ice Cover ; International Cooperation ; Oceans and Seas ; *Policy Making ; Research/economics/*trends
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2014-06-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, Kerri -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jun 26;510(7506):458-60. doi: 10.1038/510458a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24965634" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anthropology ; Cell Division ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Cultural Evolution ; Ecology ; Germany ; Humans ; *Laboratories ; *Love ; Phylogeny ; Research Personnel/*psychology ; Taiwan ; Travel ; Workplace
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2014-04-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tollefson, Jeff -- England -- Nature. 2014 Apr 17;508(7496):302-4. doi: 10.1038/508302a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24740049" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Birds ; Ecology ; *Electric Power Supplies/adverse effects/economics ; Electricity ; Internationality ; *Oceans and Seas ; *Water Movements ; Whale, Killer
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2012-04-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Qiu, Jane -- England -- Nature. 2012 Apr 2;484(7392):19. doi: 10.1038/484019a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22481333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Altitude ; Ecology ; Global Warming/*statistics & numerical data ; *Ice Cover ; *Research/trends ; Tibet ; Water Supply/*analysis
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schrope, Mark -- England -- Nature. 2012 Feb 1;482(7383):20-1. doi: 10.1038/482020a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22297950" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/*growth & development/isolation & purification ; Cnidaria/*growth & development ; Ecology ; Internationality ; Marine Biology ; Population Growth
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2012-06-23
    Description: Complex networks of interactions are ubiquitous and are particularly important in ecological communities, in which large numbers of species exhibit negative (for example, competition or predation) and positive (for example, mutualism) interactions with one another. Nestedness in mutualistic ecological networks is the tendency for ecological specialists to interact with a subset of species that also interact with more generalist species. Recent mathematical and computational analysis has suggested that such nestedness increases species richness. By examining previous results and applying computational approaches to 59 empirical data sets representing mutualistic plant-pollinator networks, we show that this statement is incorrect. A simpler metric-the number of mutualistic partners a species has-is a much better predictor of individual species survival and hence, community persistence. Nestedness is, at best, a secondary covariate rather than a causative factor for biodiversity in mutualistic communities. Analysis of complex networks should be accompanied by analysis of simpler, underpinning mechanisms that drive multiple higher-order network properties.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉James, Alex -- Pitchford, Jonathan W -- Plank, Michael J -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jul 12;487(7406):227-30. doi: 10.1038/nature11214.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biomathematics Research Centre, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8040, New Zealand. alex.james@canterbury.ac.nz〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22722863" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; *Models, Theoretical
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2012-04-27
    Description: Numerous reports have emphasized the need for major changes in the global food system: agriculture must meet the twin challenge of feeding a growing population, with rising demand for meat and high-calorie diets, while simultaneously minimizing its global environmental impacts. Organic farming-a system aimed at producing food with minimal harm to ecosystems, animals or humans-is often proposed as a solution. However, critics argue that organic agriculture may have lower yields and would therefore need more land to produce the same amount of food as conventional farms, resulting in more widespread deforestation and biodiversity loss, and thus undermining the environmental benefits of organic practices. Here we use a comprehensive meta-analysis to examine the relative yield performance of organic and conventional farming systems globally. Our analysis of available data shows that, overall, organic yields are typically lower than conventional yields. But these yield differences are highly contextual, depending on system and site characteristics, and range from 5% lower organic yields (rain-fed legumes and perennials on weak-acidic to weak-alkaline soils), 13% lower yields (when best organic practices are used), to 34% lower yields (when the conventional and organic systems are most comparable). Under certain conditions-that is, with good management practices, particular crop types and growing conditions-organic systems can thus nearly match conventional yields, whereas under others it at present cannot. To establish organic agriculture as an important tool in sustainable food production, the factors limiting organic yields need to be more fully understood, alongside assessments of the many social, environmental and economic benefits of organic farming systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seufert, Verena -- Ramankutty, Navin -- Foley, Jonathan A -- England -- Nature. 2012 May 10;485(7397):229-32. doi: 10.1038/nature11069.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geography and Global Environmental and Climate Change Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H2T 3A3, Canada. verena.seufert@mail.mcgill.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22535250" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agricultural Irrigation ; Agriculture/*methods ; Animals ; *Biomass ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*methods ; Crops, Agricultural/classification/growth & development ; Developed Countries ; Developing Countries ; Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Food Supply/*statistics & numerical data ; Food, Organic/supply & distribution ; Forestry ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Organic Agriculture/*methods ; Population Growth ; Soil/analysis/chemistry ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2014-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woolston, Chris -- England -- Nature. 2014 Dec 11;516(7530):277-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25517006" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms ; Career Choice ; Ecology ; Employment ; Internship and Residency ; Marine Biology/*education/*manpower ; Students ; *Vocational Guidance
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2014-06-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arzt, Eduardo -- Orjeda, Gisella -- Nobre, Carlos -- Castilla, Juan Carlos -- Baranao, Lino -- Ribeiro, Sidarta -- Bifano, Claudio -- Krieger, Jose Eduardo -- Guerrero, Pablo C -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jun 12;510(7504):209-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24926500" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Animals ; Argentina ; Biodiversity ; Brazil ; *Capacity Building ; Chile ; Ecology ; Forestry ; Peru ; Public Policy ; Public-Private Sector Partnerships/economics ; Research Personnel/standards ; Reward ; Science/manpower/*organization & administration/standards ; Venezuela
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2014-08-21
    Description: Genetic diversity is the amount of variation observed between DNA sequences from distinct individuals of a given species. This pivotal concept of population genetics has implications for species health, domestication, management and conservation. Levels of genetic diversity seem to vary greatly in natural populations and species, but the determinants of this variation, and particularly the relative influences of species biology and ecology versus population history, are still largely mysterious. Here we show that the diversity of a species is predictable, and is determined in the first place by its ecological strategy. We investigated the genome-wide diversity of 76 non-model animal species by sequencing the transcriptome of two to ten individuals in each species. The distribution of genetic diversity between species revealed no detectable influence of geographic range or invasive status but was accurately predicted by key species traits related to parental investment: long-lived or low-fecundity species with brooding ability were genetically less diverse than short-lived or highly fecund ones. Our analysis demonstrates the influence of long-term life-history strategies on species response to short-term environmental perturbations, a result with immediate implications for conservation policies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romiguier, J -- Gayral, P -- Ballenghien, M -- Bernard, A -- Cahais, V -- Chenuil, A -- Chiari, Y -- Dernat, R -- Duret, L -- Faivre, N -- Loire, E -- Lourenco, J M -- Nabholz, B -- Roux, C -- Tsagkogeorga, G -- Weber, A A-T -- Weinert, L A -- Belkhir, K -- Bierne, N -- Glemin, S -- Galtier, N -- England -- Nature. 2014 Nov 13;515(7526):261-3. doi: 10.1038/nature13685. Epub 2014 Aug 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] UMR 5554, Institute of Evolutionary Sciences, University Montpellier 2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France [2] Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. ; 1] UMR 5554, Institute of Evolutionary Sciences, University Montpellier 2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France [2] UMR 7261, Institut de Recherches sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Universite Francois-Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France. ; UMR 5554, Institute of Evolutionary Sciences, University Montpellier 2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France. ; Aix-Marseille Universite, Institut Mediterraneen de Biodiversite et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE) - CNRS - IRD - UAPV, 13007 Marseille, France. ; Department of Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688-0002, USA. ; UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, Universite Lyon 1, CNRS, 69622 Lyon, France. ; 1] UMR 5554, Institute of Evolutionary Sciences, University Montpellier 2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France [2] The School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK. ; 1] UMR 5554, Institute of Evolutionary Sciences, University Montpellier 2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France [2] Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25141177" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ecology ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Variation/*genetics ; *Genetics, Population ; Genome/*genetics ; *Genomics ; *Phylogeny
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2011-07-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alyokhin, Andrei -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jul 6;475(7354):36. doi: 10.1038/475036b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21734688" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Australia ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecology ; Introduced Species/*statistics & numerical data
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 24
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2012-03-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉England -- Nature. 2012 Mar 7;483(7388):123-4. doi: 10.1038/483123b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22398516" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ecology ; Great Britain ; History, 20th Century ; Internationality ; National Socialism/history ; Physics/history ; *Politics ; Religion and Science ; *Science
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2014-01-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harfoot, Mike -- Roberts, Dave -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jan 9;505(7482):160. doi: 10.1038/505160a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, and Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK. ; Natural History Museum, London, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24402271" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Classification ; Computational Biology ; Databases, Factual ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; *Models, Biological
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2011-01-29
    Description: The effect of ecological change on evolution has long been a focus of scientific research. The reverse--how evolutionary dynamics affect ecological traits--has only recently captured our attention, however, with the realization that evolution can occur over ecological time scales. This newly highlighted causal direction and the implied feedback loop--eco-evolutionary dynamics--is invigorating both ecologists and evolutionists and blurring the distinction between them. Despite some recent relevant studies, the importance of the evolution-to-ecology pathway across systems is still unknown. Only an extensive research effort involving multiple experimental approaches-particularly long-term field experiments--over a variety of ecological communities will provide the answer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schoener, Thomas W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 28;331(6016):426-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1193954.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. twschoener@ucdavis.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21273479" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Biota ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2012-06-08
    Description: The human-microbial ecosystem plays a variety of important roles in human health and disease. Each person can be viewed as an island-like "patch" of habitat occupied by microbial assemblages formed by the fundamental processes of community ecology: dispersal, local diversification, environmental selection, and ecological drift. Community assembly theory, and metacommunity theory in particular, provides a framework for understanding the ecological dynamics of the human microbiome, such as compositional variability within and between hosts. We explore three core scenarios of human microbiome assembly: development in infants, representing assembly in previously unoccupied habitats; recovery from antibiotics, representing assembly after disturbance; and invasion by pathogens, representing assembly in the context of invasive species. Judicious application of ecological theory may lead to improved strategies for restoring and maintaining the microbiota and the crucial health-associated ecosystem services that it provides.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4208626/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4208626/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Costello, Elizabeth K -- Stagaman, Keaton -- Dethlefsen, Les -- Bohannan, Brendan J M -- Relman, David A -- DP1 OD000964/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1OD000964/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM095385/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 OD011116/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01GM095385/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007413/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 8;336(6086):1255-62. doi: 10.1126/science.1224203. Epub 2012 Jun 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22674335" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Bacterial Infections/*microbiology ; Biodiversity ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Gastrointestinal Tract/*microbiology ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; *Metagenome ; Selection, Genetic ; Symbiosis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2013-08-03
    Description: Terrestrial ecosystems have encountered substantial warming over the past century, with temperatures increasing about twice as rapidly over land as over the oceans. Here, we review the likelihood of continued changes in terrestrial climate, including analyses of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project global climate model ensemble. Inertia toward continued emissions creates potential 21st-century global warming that is comparable in magnitude to that of the largest global changes in the past 65 million years but is orders of magnitude more rapid. The rate of warming implies a velocity of climate change and required range shifts of up to several kilometers per year, raising the prospect of daunting challenges for ecosystems, especially in the context of extensive land use and degradation, changes in frequency and severity of extreme events, and interactions with other stresses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diffenbaugh, Noah S -- Field, Christopher B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Aug 2;341(6145):486-92. doi: 10.1126/science.1237123.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Environmental Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. diffenbaugh@stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23908225" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Climate Change ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Forecasting ; Global Warming ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2014-07-06
    Description: Integration of evidence over the past decade has revised understandings about the major adaptations underlying the origin and early evolution of the genus Homo. Many features associated with Homo sapiens, including our large linear bodies, elongated hind limbs, large energy-expensive brains, reduced sexual dimorphism, increased carnivory, and unique life history traits, were once thought to have evolved near the origin of the genus in response to heightened aridity and open habitats in Africa. However, recent analyses of fossil, archaeological, and environmental data indicate that such traits did not arise as a single package. Instead, some arose substantially earlier and some later than previously thought. From ~2.5 to 1.5 million years ago, three lineages of early Homo evolved in a context of habitat instability and fragmentation on seasonal, intergenerational, and evolutionary time scales. These contexts gave a selective advantage to traits, such as dietary flexibility and larger body size, that facilitated survival in shifting environments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anton, Susan C -- Potts, Richard -- Aiello, Leslie C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jul 4;345(6192):1236828. doi: 10.1126/science.1236828.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for the Study of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, New York University, Rufus D. Smith Hall, 25 Waverly Place, New York, NY 10003, USA. E-mail: susan.anton@nyu.edu. ; Human Origins Program, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Post Office Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA. E-mail: pottsr@si.edu. ; Wenner-Gren Foundation, 470 Park Avenue South, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA. E-mail: laiello@wennergren.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24994657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; Behavior ; *Biological Evolution ; Body Size ; Brain/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Climate Change ; Cognition ; Diet ; Ecology ; *Hominidae/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development ; Humans ; Organ Size ; Skull/anatomy & histology ; Tooth/anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 30
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    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Publication Date: 2014-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gewin, Virginia -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jul 24;511(7510):402-4. doi: 10.1038/511402a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25056046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Administrative Personnel ; California ; China ; *Consensus ; Ecology ; *Environmental Policy ; Global Warming/*prevention & control/statistics & numerical data ; International Cooperation ; Paleontology ; *Policy Making ; *Politics ; Public Opinion ; *Research Personnel
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 31
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.56 (2011) nr.3 p.225
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Pitcher plants of the family Nepenthaceae are vines or subscandent shrubs which produce modified leaf organs that in most species serve to attract, trap, retain and digest animals for nutritional benefit. The sole genus within the family, Nepenthes, is abundant and diverse in Malesia. Previous taxonomic treatments of Nepenthes have relied almost entirely on the morphological features of the plants, with characteristics of the pitchers, inflorescences, leaf blades and indumentum being the most informative. Recent ecological research demonstrates that unique morphological characteristics and trap geometries provide useful taxonomic information, but this is often lost or obscured when specimens are prepared for herbaria by pressing them. In this paper, we demonstrate the value of ecological information in distinguishing between controversial montane Bornean taxa and provide a revised protocol for the collection and preparation of Nepenthes specimens, which is designed to maximise the amount of ecological information retained in herbarium material.
    Keywords: Ecology ; herbarium specimens ; Nepenthes ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Il est connu que les ports soumis à un trafic maritime intense réceptionnent éventuellement les eaux de ballast des navires en provenance de diverses contrées océaniques. De part le monde, le transfert et l’invasion de plusieurs espèces nuisibles via le déversement des eaux de ballast et le fouling des coques des navires ont été amplement mis en cause ces derniers temps. Ces introductions peuvent causer de nombreux dégâts aux secteurs avoisinants et notamment dans les zones de production des coquillages surtout si les espèces introduites sont constituées de phytoplancton toxique. Au terme de 4 années de suivi de la qualité phytoplanctonique des milieux portuaires du golfe de Gabès, nous avons pu inventorier certaines espèces toxiques pour la plupart nouvelles pour la flore phytoplanctonique du golfe à savoir l’Alexandrium margalefi Balech, l’A. fundyense Balech, l’A. insuetum Balech, l’A. ostenfeldii Balech et tangen, le Gymnodinium catenaum Graham et le Karenia papilionacea Haywood et Steidinger. Dans cette étude nous avons essayé de suivre l’évolution de ces espèces, du milieu portuaire vers les zones avoisinantes de production des coquillages. La nécessité d’instaurer un programme d’étude et de surveillance de ces transferts apparaît donc imminente.
    Description: أثبتت عديد الدراسات أن البواخر و مياه "بلاست" يمكن أن تتسبب في نقل وانتشار عدة كائنات جديدة من محيط إلى آخر. الطحالب المهجرية هي أحسن صورة لهذا الانتقال إلا أنها يمكن أن تتسبب في عدة إشكاليات بيئية أو حتى صحية و بالتالي اقتصادية لم تستطيع أن تفرزه من سموم. لمتابعة مدى انتشار و تأقلم الطحالب المهجرية السامة وغزوها لمناطق إنتاج القوقعيات في خليج قابس قمنا بمتابعة مياه المواني و دراسة هذه الكائنات بالجهة لمدة تقارب 4 سنوات وحددنا النوعيات السامة و كيفية تنقلها من موقع إلى آخر.
    Description: There is a strong evidence that harbours submitted to an intense maritime traffic receive ballast waters of ship possibly coming from various oceanic regions and parts of the world. The transfer and the invasion of several harmful species via ballast waters tipping and ship fouling have been amply summoned these last times. These introductions can cause many damages to the neighbouring sectors and particularly in zones of shellfish production mainly if the introduced species are constituted of harmful phytoplankton. At the end of a 4 years survey for phytoplankton quality of harbours surrounding the Gabes gulf, some toxic species were inventoried, some of them being new ones in the context of the Gulf phytoplankton flora such as Alexandrium margalefi, A. fundyense, A. insuetum, A. ostenfeldii, Gymnodinium catenaum and Karenia papilionacea. In this survey we tried to follow the evolution of these species, from the harbours areas toward bordering shellfish production areas. There is an urgent need to set up a monitoring program for these transfers .
    Description: Published
    Description: Alexandrium insuetum, Alexandrium ostenfeldii, Alexandrium undyense, Gymnodinium catenaum, Karenia papilionacea
    Keywords: Ballast ; Ecology ; Ecosystems ; Eutrophication ; Phytoplankton ; Pollution monitoring ; Toxicity
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Ce travail s’intéresse non seulement à la connaissance de la faune associée aux moules notamment : Mytilus galloprovincialis, mais aussi à une étude systématique et écologique de la faune récoltée. Cette étude a été réalisée dans le lac de Bizerte, à la station de mytiliculture de Menzel Jemil. Une partie de ce travail est consacrée à un examen systématique de la faune récoltée et qui nous a permis d’inventorier 6 embranchements dont les annélides qui sont représentés par 10 espèces de Polychètes. Nous présentons également les résultats de l’étude écologique du peuplement suivant les trois saisons: hiver, printemps, et été. Parmi les 26 taxons recensés, les Crustacés représentent environ 62%; les Polychètes avec 35% dominent très largement les autres groupes.
    Description: تخصّ هذه الدراسة، بالأساس، معرفة مجموع الكائنات الحيّة المصاحبة لبلح البحر، ودراستها نوعيا وبيئيا. وقد أنجز هذا العمل بمحطّة تربية بلح البحر ببحيرة بنزرت. في مرحلة أولى تمّ إحصاء ستة أصناف أو شعب من بينها الديدان التي مثلت بعشرة أنواع من الحلقيات. كما عرضنا نتائج الدراسة البيئية لمجموع هذه الشعب حسب الفصول: شتاء، ربيع وصيف. من بين 62 وحدة تصنيفية، نجد القشريات 62ّّ% والحلقيات 35% يحتلان الصدارة بالنسبة لمجموع الشعب الأخرى.
    Description: This paper describes the fauna associated to Mytilus galloprovincialis the systematic and ecological studies of the collected species. This study was carried out in Bizerte lake, at the mytiliculture station of Menzel Jemil. The systematic study of the recolted fauna allowed us to inventory 6 embranchments , whose annelids are represented by 10 species of Polychaetes. We describe also the results of ecological study of the population according to these three seasons : winter, spring, and summer. Among these 26 taxon listed, the Shellfish (62 %) ; Polychaetes (35 %) were the largest dominate groups.
    Description: Published
    Description: Mytilus galloprovincialis
    Keywords: Aquatic communities ; Ecology ; Aquatic communities ; Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: En el bosque de niebla del San Lorenzo cerca de Santa Marta, a 2050 ms sobre nivel del mar, fueron medidas temperatura y humedad relativa durante 24 horas. En el mismo lapso se registraron los cambios de peso en las hojas de dos especies de Monochaetum (Melastomataceae), causados por la precipitación de rocío. Se analizó la anatomía de las hojas, y se le discute en relación con la estructura de su cutícula, de los factores ambientales y de las variaciones de peso. Se refiere a la formación de características epifíticas en Melastomatáceas de suelo, en relación con otras especies de Monochaetum presentes en la región de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
    Description: In the cloud forest of San Lorenzo (2050m) near Santa Marta temperature and relative humidity were registrated for 24 hours. During this time variation of weight from leaves, caused by dew, was noted from two species of the genus Monochaetum (Melastomataceae). Anatomy of those leaves was analysed and discussed in relation to fine structure of cuticle, edaphic factors and differences of weight. Evolution of epiphytic characteristics on terrestrial Melastomataceae was analized in comparison to the other species of Monochaetum from Sierra Nevada.
    Description: Published
    Description: Plants
    Keywords: Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.37-45
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: El presente trabajo fue realizado con el fin de estudiar la posibilidad de recuperación de la especie de coral Acropora pálmate en el Parque Nacional Natural Corales del Rosario. Se determinó el porcentaje de regeneración de 42 colonias fragmentadas mecánicamente y la sobrevivencia de 53 fragmentos de esta especie. El tiempo de regeneración del tejido coralino para 25 colonias fragmentadas entre septiembre y diciembre de 1992 (período 1), fue de 3 meses; para las 17 colonias fragmentadas entre marzo y mayo de 1993 fue de 2 meses. Los fragmentos obtenidos de las colonias donantes fueron sometidos a 4 tratamientos. El tratamiento 1 consistió en el amarre con pita del fragmento a coral muerto y el traslado hacia Isla Kalua. Para el tratamiento 2, se colocaron los fragmentos en sustrato arenoso y se sujetaron a estacas en Isla Grande. En el tratamiento 3, se amarraron con pita a coral muerto y se trasladaron hacia Isla Grande. En el tratamiento 4, los fragmentos se cementaron a coral muerto con la masilla epóxica "Rally" en el mismo sitio de la fragmentación. El tratamiento 1 arrojó una sobrevivencia del 30% en 3 meses de muestreo y en el resto de la investigación fue del 0%. En el tratamiento 2 la sobrevivencia fue del 0% en un mes.' En el tratamiento 3, la sobrevivencia fue del 40% en tres meses y del 0% en el séptimo mes. En el tratamiento 4, la sobrevivencia fue del 90% en un mes, del 80% en dos meses y del 70% en tres meses. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que las colonias donantes de la especie estudiada se recuperan rápidamente de lesiones físicas y que la técnica de fijación de fragmentos con el cemento epóxico es la más recomendable para la recuperación de la especie.
    Description: The present study was done in order to study the posibility of recovering the coral species Acroporapalmata ¡n the Natural Park Corales del Rosario. The percentage of regeneration of 42 mechanically fragmented colonies, as well as the percentage of survival of 53 fragments of this species, was determined. The regeneration of tissue for 25 colonies fragmented between september and december 1992 (period 1) wa« obtained in three months; for the 17 colonies fragmented between march and may 1993 (period 2) the time was of two months. The fragments obtained from the donor colonies were submitted to 4 treatments. Treatment 1 consisted in tying the fragments with a cord to dead coral and transported to Kalua Island. For treatment 2 the fragments were put on sandy substrate and were tyed to a pole in Grande Island. In treatment 3 the fragments were tyed to dead coral by a cord and were transported to Grande Island. For treatment 4, the fragments were cemented to dead coral with the epoxic "Rally" cement. Treatment 1 showed a survival of 30% in 3 months and of 0% for the rest of the research. In treatment 2 the survival was of 0% on the first month. In treatment 3, the survival was of 40% in 3 months and 0% was found in the seventh month. In treatment 4, the survival was of 90% in the first month, 80% ¡n two months and 70% in three months. The results obtained show that the donor colonies of the studied specie recovers rapidly to physical wounds and that the use of the technique with epoxic cement on the fragments for the recovery of the specie is recommended.
    Description: Published
    Description: Field experiments, Determinants
    Keywords: Ecology ; Statistical analysis ; Survival ; Regeneration ; Ecology ; Condition factor ; Survival ; Regeneration ; Statistical analysis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The benthic communities distribution in Tesoro Island (Colombian Caribbean) coral reef was determinad by cartography of reef morphology and functional groups from aerial photographs, theodolite triangulation, and bottom transects over depths ranging from O to 30 m. Tesoro Island is a sand cay reef developed over an emerged reef platform whose basal cone possibly originated by mud diapirism on the continental shelf. The benthic communities are distributed as subzones of the geomorphologic units. The reef crest lies along the breaker zone, formed by Millepora spp. buttresses covered on their tops by Palythoa spp. and seawardly by a turf of Dictyota spp. The rear reef (varying from 0.5-1.5 m ¡n depth) is composed of pavement and grooves with live Porites porites and P. astreoides. The fore-reef terrace (2 to 9 m in depth) shows a low relief spur and grooves, composed of Acropora palmata skeletons ón the windward side and A. cervicornis on the leeward side; sandy accumulations with dense and tall colonies of the gorgonaceans Pseudopterogorgia spp. are also appreciated. In the sandy reef platform there are monospecific patches of Montastraea annularis, P. porites, M. faveolata, dead Acropora cervicornis and wide sandy zones where patches of Halimeda monite are found. The slope edge, (depths ranging between 7 to 〉 30m) shows mixed corals and gorgonaceans, at the drop-off, laminar corals, especially Montastraea franksi and Agaricia spp., jointly with other deep water organisms such as ellisellid gorgonaceans and antipatharians are found. The benthic communities distribution is influenced by reef geomorphology, wave energy diffraction and the past mass mortality of Acropora.
    Description: Se determinó la distribución de las comunidades bentónicas de los arrecifes coralinos de Isla Tesoro (Caribe colombiano) cartografiando su morfología arrecifal y grupos funcionales mediante el uso de fotografías aéreas, triangulación con teodolito y transectos de fondo entre O y 30 m de profundidad. Isla Tesoro es un arrecife de cayo arenoso desarrollado sobre una plataforma arrecifal emergida cuyo cono basal posiblemente fue originado por diapirismo de lodo en la plataforma continental. La distribución de las comunidades bentónicas coincide con subzonas de las unidades geomorfológicas. La cresta arrecifal se dispone a lo largo de la rompiente, formada por contrafuertes de Millepora spp. cubiertos en la parte superior por Palythoa spp. y hacia el mar por un tapete de Dictyota spp. El arrecife trasero (0.5-1.5 m) esta compuesto por pavimento y canales, dominando Porites porites y P. astreoides. La terraza prearrecifal (2-9 m) con espolones y canales de bajo relieve, esta compuesta por esqueletos de Acropora pal/nata hacia barlovento y de A. cervicornis hacia sotavento, son también abundantes algunas acumulaciones arenosas con agregaciones de enormes colonias de Pseudopterogorgiaspp. En la plataforma arrecif al arenosa se encuentran parches monoespecíficos de Montastraea annularis, Porites porites, M. faveolata, Acropora cervicornis muerto y extensas zonas arenosas con Halimeda monite. El talud (7 a más de 30 m) presenta hacia el borde, corales y gorgonáceos mixtos, y cuando aumenta la pendiente dominan los corales laminares, en especial Montastrea franksí y Agaricia spp., junto a otros organismos de aguas profundas como antipatarios y gorgonáceos elliséllidos. La distribución de las comunidades bentónicas está influenciada por la geomorfología arrecifal, la dispersión de la energía del oleaje y la pasada mortalidad de Acropora.
    Description: Published
    Description: Spatial distribution, community structure
    Keywords: Ecology ; Benthos ; Aerial photography ; Coral reefs ; Algae ; Cartography ; Geomorphology ; Ecology ; Benthos ; Outer continental shelf ; Coral ; Algae ; Surf ; Cartography ; Condition factor ; Aerial photography ; Geomorphology ; Coral reefs
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Mytilopsis sallei es una especie que se encuentra ampliamente distribuida sobre sustratos duros en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, siendo particularmente abundante sobre bancos de ostra de mangle (Crassostrea rhizophorae), donde alcanza densidades de hasta 5000 indiv/m2. Aunque posee una amplia tolerancia a variaciones en la salinidad y temperatura, prefiere aquellos lugares donde la afluencia de aguas dulces es constante. Puede además tolerar aguas turbias con un alto contenido de sedimentos, como en la desembocadura de los ríos. M. sallei no parece aparentemente, competir con la ostra, incluso en aquellos bancos sometidos a intensa explotación. Esto se debe a las preferencias ambientales de cada especie y a la alta productividad de las aguas de la Ciénaga, asegurando pues una abundante oferta alimenticia para los filtradores. M. sallei tiene sexos separados, siendo los machos predominantes en la población. Individuos maduros se encuentran todo el año, aunque se presentan dos períodos anuales de actividad reproductiva intensa y fijación asociados a cambios drásticos de salinidad: octubre a noviembre (época lluviosa) y marzo a abril (época seca), siendo más importante el primero de ellos. Los juveniles crecen muy rápido y al ir alcanzando tallas adultas el crecimiento es mínimo. Al parecer los factores que pueden ser limitantes en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las poblaciones de M. sallei pueden ser los aportes de agua dulce, la alta depredación y la limitada disponibilidad de sustratos duros.
    Description: Mytilopsis sallei is a widely distributed species living on hard substrata in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, where it is particularly abundant on mangrove oyster (Crassostrea rhizophorae) reefs reaching densities of 5000 individuals/m2. Even though it has wide salinity and temperature tolerances, it prefers those places such as mouths of rivers, where fresh-water supply is constant. It can also withstand turbid waters with a high sediment load. There is no competition between M.sallei and the oyster C. rhizophorae, even in heavily-exploited reefs, because of the environmental preferences of each species and the high productivity of Ciénaga's waters assuring a constant food offer for filtering species. M. sallei has separate sexes; males dominate the population. Ripe individuals are found all year-long, but two periods per year of increased reproductive activity and settlement occur, associated to drastic salinity changes: a major one from October to November (rainy season) and a second of lesser importance from March to April (dry season). Juveniles grow steadily; asthey attain greater size growth is minimal. Growth and development of these populations seem to be controlled by the influx of fresh water, the high predation rates and relatively low availability of hard substrata.
    Description: Published
    Description: reproductive behavior, climate effects,
    Keywords: Ecology ; Population structure ; Turbidity ; Estuaries ; Density ; Population dynamics ; Coastal lagoons ; Ecology ; Population structure ; Salinity effects ; Temperature effects ; Density ; Condition factor ; Turbidity ; Interspecific relationships ; Population dynamics ; Coastal lagoons ; Estuaries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se describen algunos aspectos de la biología de Oncideres bouchardii BATES as Santa MarTa, Colombia. Los adultos do esta especie de escarabajos podadorcs de ramas, aparecen después de la época de invierno, durante los meses de noviembre a febrero, podando ramas y ramitas de Trupillo, Prosopis jutiflora (L.) y Aromo, Acac/3 fumes/ana WILLD. Según las observaciones, la actividad de podar solamente la presentan las hembras, las cuales frecuentemente se encuíntran copulando con tos machos al mismo tiempo. Después de cortar con sus mandíbulas una estría (ranura profunda alrededor de la rama), la hembra prepara una cámara debajo de la corteza en la cual deposita un huevo. Para ello, perfora la corteza cerca de la base de una ramificación de la rama "anillada" anteriormente, trabajando con una y otra mandíbula. Efectuado esto, se da media vuelta e introduce su ovipositor en el hueco preparado. Por medio de presión de linfa el órgano ahora es inflado y extendido a la vez, forzándose asi entre corteza y madera, abriendo la cámara para el huevo. Al parecer la hembra se facilita la loralización de !a entrada a esta cámara por medio de una marca que aplica sobre la corteza con su ovipositor, mientras que esté preparando la entrada a la cámara con sus mandibulas. Cada huevo es depositado en una cámara particular, la cual es sellada después con una sustancia que se endurece al entrar en contacto con el aire. Después de aproximadamente una semana nace la larva y empieza pronto a enterrarse en la madera cíe la rama. Esta suele secarse y caer del árbol a causa de la estría, la cual impide el flujo de la savia. El ciclo de vida de Qtidderes baucbardii dura un año, ocupando su mayor parte el estado larval. Los adultos viven menos de una o dos semanas, en pocos casos solamente se observó que algunos llegaron a vivir hasta 45 días.
    Description: Aspects of the biology 〈)f Onciiiercf boucharJii BATES from Santa Marta, Colombia are described. Imagines of this twig girdler appear shortly after the rainy season during the months oí November to February, ringing twigs and branches of trupillo trecs, Prosapis jmliflera (L.) and aromo bushes, Acacia f amaitina WILLD. Observations showed that thi; activity is only performed by the females, which commonly copúlate at the Same time. After gínUing the twig, the females lay their white eggs onc by one into cspecially preparad cgg cavítíes that are sealed after oviposmon. There is evidente that locating the entrance to the future c^g chamber with the ovipositor is greatly facilitated by nicans of a marking 011 the bark made with the ovipositor while making tlie entrance with the mandibles. The eggs are depositcd by means of the teleícopic and inflatable ovipositor which is inserted deeply under the bark through hemolymph prcssure and acts to forcc open the cgg chamber betwcen bark and wood. After approximately a week the larvae hatch and soon dig into the drying twig.
    Description: Published
    Description: Invertebrates
    Keywords: Ecology ; Ecology
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Entre los meses de julio y agosto de 1994 un fenómeno discontinuo de muerte masiva de peces se registró en aguas del complejo lagunar de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombia. El primer evento se presentó del 15 al 19 de julio, el segundo alrededor del día 20 de agosto y el tercero entre el 26 y 31 del mismo mes. La presencia en altas concentraciones de la cianofita filamentosa Cf. Anabaenopsis sp., registrada en la literatura como altamente tóxica, podría estar relacionada con las causas del primer evento. Un incremento en las concentraciones de fósforo, y un posterior florecimiento de nano y picoplancton, especialmente cianofíceas y algas flageladas, explicaría en parte las condiciones hipóxicas y anóxicas observadas en el tercer evento, las cuales aparentemente pudieron causar la muerte masiva de peces. Sin embargo, no se descartan otras causas como la liberación de gases tóxicos desde el sedimento y la anoxia debida a la actividad bacteriana. Si bien la biomasa de peces muertos no pudo ser cuantificada, estimativos obtenidos a partir de la información suministrada por pescadores, arrojan para el caso de los chivos (Aríidae) valores que superan las 20 toneladas. Al parecer se trata de uno de los fenómenos de este tipo más grandes de los últimos años.
    Description: A discontinuous phenomenon of massive fish mortality occurred in the estuarine lagoonal complex of the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, .Colombia, in July and August 1994. The first event occurred from the 15th to the 19th of July, the second took place one month later around the 20th of August, and the last one was evident from the 26th to the 31 st of the same month. High concentrations of Cf. Anabaenopsis sp., a filamentous cyanobacteria, reported in the literature as highly toxic, may have béen related to the causes of the first event. An increase in phosphorus concentrations resulting in massive blooms of cyanobacteria and flagellate algae of nano and picoplankton could explain the hypoxic and anoxic conditions associated to the third event of massive fish mortality. However, other possible causes, such as toxic gas liberation from the sediment and anoxia from bacterial activity cannot be roled out. The dead fish biomass was not quantified, but information obtained from fishermen suggests for sea catfish (Ariidae) valúes well over 20 tons. The massive death phenomenon here reported seems to be the strongest in the last years.
    Description: Published
    Description: toxic substances, Killers, Microalgae
    Keywords: Ecology ; Phytoplankton ; Environmental impact ; Estuaries ; Coastal lagoons ; Ecology ; Phytoplankton ; Chemical analysis ; Environmental impact ; Coastal lagoons ; Estuaries
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Notas sobre la ecología de los lagartos de la isla Malpelo, Colombia. Observaciones de dos de las especies endémicas de lagartos de la isla Malpelo ofrecen características poco conocidas de su historia natural, ecología y estado poblacional. Anolis agassizi, el lagarto más abundante y ampliamente distribuido, se alimenta principalmente de insectos y excretas de aves marinas. Duerme sobre rocas grandes, en las paredes de los cerros o sobre estructuras construidas por el hombre y, aunque no defiende sitios de percha como la mayoría de Anolis, muestra predilección por sitios elevados en donde, entre otras actividades, realiza sus cópulas. Diploglossus millepunctatus, el lagarto de mayor tamaño corporal y menor abundancia, es un depredador-oportunista y carroñero que mantiene una relación inusual con el cangrejo terrestre de la Isla (Johngarthia malpilensis), al cual no solo depreda activamente, sino con el que también compite por alimentos. El comportamiento, mayor densidad, tamaño corporal y peso de los individuos de D. millepunctatus cercanos a las cabañas, sugieren que estos lagartos se han condicionado a la presencia de los humanos, al consumir periódicamente las sobras de sus comidas.
    Description: Observations of two of the endemic species of lizards of Malpelo Island provide new information on their natural history, ecology, and population size. Anolis agassizi, the most abundant and broadly distributed lizard, feeds mainly on insects and excrements of marine birds. It sleeps on large rocks, surfaces on hills or on man-made structures and, although it does not defend perch sites like most Anolis do, it does show preferences for high perches where, among other activities, it carries out copulation. Diploglossus millepunctatus, the largest and least abundant lizard, is an opportunistic-predator and scavenger that has a remarkable relationship with the land crab of the island (Johngarthia malpilensis) which it not only eats, but also competes with it for food. Behavior, higher density, larger body size and weight of individual D. millepunctatus living close to cabins suggest that these lizards accommodate to the presence of people by feeding on left-over food.
    Description: INVEMAR
    Description: Published
    Description: Anolis agassizi; Diploglossus millepunctatus; General behavior; Population status
    Keywords: Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Con base en colectas intensivas y en la bibliografía existente se hizo un listado de las especies de moluscos conocidas de la región de Santa Marta y Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona con anotaciones sobre sus preferencias de sustrato y rango de profundidad. De un total de 727 especies, 485 son gastrópodos, 214 bivalvos, 13 poliplacóforos, 10 escafópodos y 5 cefalópodos. La mayor cantidad de especies se encuentra en fondos de arena con fanerógamas marinas y de rocas sueltas (cantos, bloques) en aguas someras. La gran cantidad de especies en esta región se explica por la concentración de variados biotopos y rangos de profundidad en áreas reducidas y por factores histórico-biogeográficos particulares de esta región.
    Description: Based on intesive collectings and published informations an inventory of molluscan species known from the Santa Marta - Tayrona National Natural Park coastal área was performed, including data on substrate and depth preferences of each species. Of a total of 727 species, 485 are gastropods, 214 bivalves,13 polyplacophorans, 10 scaphopods, and 5 cephalopods. Most species occur in sandy bottoms with seagrass and in rock-rubble zones in shallow water. The high number of species occurring in this región can be explained by the availability of different habitat types and der s in a reduced área and through historic-biogeographic features of this región.
    Description: Published
    Description: Spatial distribution, Gastropoda, Bivalve, Polyplacophoran,
    Keywords: Depth ; Malacology ; Ecology ; Malacology ; Ecology ; Habitat ; Condition factor ; Substrate preferences
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: A partir de muestras colectadas en el litoral de la provincia de Cienfuegos se registraron cinco nuevos hallazgos de macroalgas marinas (rodofitas) para Cuba: Dasya ocellata (Gratel.) Harv. in Hook., Griffithsia schousboei Mont. in Webb var. anastomosans E.C. Oliveira, Gelidium torulosum Kützing, Halymenia pseudofloresii Collins & M. Howe y Champia vieillardii Kützing. Griffithsia schousboei var. anastomosans y Gelidium torulosum, que a su vez son nuevos registros para la región del Caribe, son dos taxa conocidos solo para Brasil. En el presente trabajo se ofrecen además comentarios sobre la taxonomía, ecología y biogeografía de las mencionadas especies. Destaca asimismo, la amplia variabilidad en tamaño y diámetro de las ramas de Halymenia pseudofloresii, como en su localidad tipo (Bermuda).
    Description: Five species of macroalgae (rhodophytes) are newly added to Cuban marine flora, all collected in the coast of Cienfuegos province: Dasya ocellata (Gratel.) Harv. in Hook., Griffithsia schousboei Mont. in Webb var. anastomosans E.C. Oliveira, Gelidium torulosum Kützing, Halymenia pseudofloresii Collins & M. Howe and Champia vieillardii Kützing. Griffithsia schousboei var. anastomosans and Gelidium torulosum represent new records for the Caribbean region; these taxa were previously known only from Brazil. Comments about taxonomy, ecology and biogeography of the involved taxa are also discussed offered in this paper. It is noteworthy that Halymenia pseudofloresii showed a great variability in size and branches diameter, as in its type locality (Bermuda).
    Description: Published
    Description: rhodophytes
    Description: Cienfuegos
    Description: Halymenia pseudofloresii
    Description: Cuba
    Keywords: Marine organisms ; Taxonomy ; Ecology ; Biogeography
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The Colombian leaf-toed gecko (Phyllodactylus transversalis) is the least known reptile species of Malpelo Island (Eastern Tropical Pacific). In the 37 years since its original description, no single study strictly dedicated to this species has been conducted. With the goal of providing information on the ecology and population size of this gecko, data collected during two visits to the island are presented. Behavior and reproduction were studied by following individuals during the night and by searching for hidden individuals and eggs during the day. Population’s density and habitat preferences were estimated by classifying the island’s surfaces into four types and counting geckos inside those habitats within band transects. General morphological measurements of geckos were performed as reference points for future comparisons. Phyllodactylus transversalis lays its eggs in narrow crevices of rocks, apparently communally. Reproduction seems to take place during most of the year, probably associated with the peak breeding season of seabirds. Although conspecifics shared shelters during the day, densities during the night suggest no apparent habitat preference for foraging. Population size of this species was estimated at approximately 114000 individuals.
    Description: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras "INVEMAR"
    Description: Published
    Description: Phyllodactylus transversalis, behavior, reproduction, habitat preference, population size.
    Keywords: Ecology
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    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Las playas arenosas son ambientes rigurosos donde los patrones comunitarios de macrofauna han sido relacionados con el tamaño de grano de arena, pendiente de la playa y procesos de ola/swash. Las relaciones entre la abundancia/diversidad de la macrofauna y morfodinámica de las playas micromareales de alta energía abiertas al mar dan pie a pensar un incremento de la abundancia/densidad desde playas con arena gruesa y fuerte pendiente hasta playas planas con arena fina y pendiente suave. Sin embargo, estas predicciones no han sido adecuadamente evaluadas cuando se trata de playas de baja energía protegidas, a pesar de que este tipo de playas es frecuente en la costa. En este trabajo se evalúan las características y variaciones de la taxocenosis de peracáridos los cuales representan a la comunidad biológica por considerarse el grupo representativo de este sistema. Las playas en las que se les estudió se localizan dentro de la Bahía de La Paz, Baja California Sur, México. Se hipotetizan diferencias entre playas y patrones ecológicos dependiendo del grado de exposición y se predice un incremento de la riqueza y abundancia en playas con la disminución de la exposición al oleaje. Para ello fueron determinados: el grado de exposición y variables físicas de las playas, conjuntamente con la taxocenosis de peracáridos y sus variaciones espaciales y temporales de la riqueza específica (S) y abundancia (A). Las playas seleccionadas variaron en su grado de exposición al oleaje y características del sedimento: Balandra tiene arena de carbonato y es protegida en una caleta dentro de la bahía; Conchalito posee arena mixta y es protegida detrás de una barrera natural de arena; y Mogote tiene arena mineral y es abierta al oleaje de la bahía. En verano de 2003, invierno de 2004 y verano – invierno de 2006, se llevaron a cabo, en cada ocasión, recolectas de núcleos de arena a lo largo de 2 líneas transversales a cada playa con unidades de muestreo (UM) en 7 niveles (A – G) ubicados desde la zona húmeda dejada por la pleamar hasta 3 m de profundidad en el mar. Cada UM se replicó dos veces, reuniendo así 21 UM en cada línea. Alternativamente se recolectaron 3 UM en los niveles B, F y G, para analizar las características granulométricas de la arena y el contenido de materia orgánica. En cada muestreo se determinó la pendiente y el ancho de la playa, la temperatura de la arena y del agua. Los patrones ecológicos y las diferencias espaciales y estacionales se determinaron mediante técnicas comunitarias multivariadas (ordenación y clasificación) así como mediante pruebas ANDEVA de dos vias, ANDEVA anidado y ANDESIM, dependiendo del caso. Fueron identificadas 59 taxa, incluyendo 16 nuevas especies para el Pacífico Mexicano y 18 citadas por primera vez en playas del Golfo de California. Las características ecológicas de estas playas fueron: a) el número de especies y la abundancia son mayores en playas con menor contenido de limo-arcilla y mayor permeabilidad y materia orgánica en la arena, sin variar este patrón en el tiempo; b) la riqueza específica y la abundancia de la taxocenosis incrementaron con la proximidad al mar en las tres playas; c) cinco especies de isópodos (Excirolana chamensis, E. mayana, E. braziliensis, Gnorimosphaeroma oregonense y Tylos punctatus), tres de anfípodos (Rhepoxynius heterocuspidatus, R. spp C, Corophium sp.) y dos de tanaidáceos (Pseudosphyrapus sp. y Biarticulata sp.) caracterizaron la taxocenosis de peracáridos; y d) las tres playas presentaron taxocenosis distintas. Los resultados sugieren la existencia de diferencias en el hábitat entre playas, dentro de las playas y en la taxocenosis de peracáridos correspondiente a cada playa. Estas diferencias se mantuvieron en el tiempo, tanto a nivel estacional como inter-anual. Los resultados obtenidos concuerdan con los estudios en otras playas del mismo tipo en Australia y difieren con lo observado en playas abiertas al océano. La riqueza de especies y abundancia de peracáridos se correlacionó negativamente con el ancho de la playa, tamaño de la arena y porcentaje de limo-arcilla; y positivamente con la permeabilidad y contenido de materia orgánica en los sedimentos. Los resultados respaldan la hipótesis de un incremento de la riqueza y abundancia de peracáridos en playas con menor exposición. Estos hallazgos muestran que las playas protegidas son vulnerables a la contaminación y a la erosión, dos aspectos a considerar para su uso estratégico, manejo, y potencial restauración. Se sugiere desarrollar una línea de investigación en ecología de playas arenosas de México, teniendo en cuenta la importancia socio-económica y ecológica de estos ecosistemas para el país.
    Description: Sandy beaches are rigorous environments where ecology patterns of communities have been related with grain size, slope and wave/swash processes. The relationship between abundance/diversity of macrofauna and morphodynamics on microtidal sandy beaches is predicted with an increment of beaches with coarse grain size and high slope to fine grain size and flat slope. However, these predictions have not been totally assessed on sheltered beaches in bays, and ecology assessment is uncommon on literature in spite of the fact these features are frequent on coasts. In this work the characteristics and variations of peracarid assemblages in three sheltered sandy beaches in Bahía de La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico are shown by supposing differences between places and ecology patterns depending on the degree of exposition of the beaches. An increment of richness and abundance is predicted on more sheltered sandy beaches. In this context we determined: the degree of exposition, peracarid assemblages present on each beach studied and spatial and temporal variations on species richness (S) and abundance (A) of peracarids (which are representing the full biology community from these beaches, because they are considered as the best representatives). The sandy beaches selected correspond to the three different kinds of grains found and to the degree of exposition to open sea. Balandra has carbonate sand and a sheltered in a small internal bay; Mogote has mineral sand and opened to the bay swell; and Conchalito has with mixed sand and sheltered behind a natural sandy barrier. In the summer of 2003, winter of 2004, and both seasons in 2006, a transect collecting cores in seven strata was made (from the drift line to three meters deep, A-G) on each beach. This transect was replicated twice, and another complete sample was made 150 meters away from of the first one. In this way on each sampling 21 sampling units (SU’s) were collected. Alternatively we collected nine cores on each sampling from B, F and G strata to determine granulometric and organic content. Each time slope beach, beach width and temperature of sand and water were measured. The ecology patterns and spatialseasonal variations were determined by multivariate tests (cluster and MDS) with transformed biotic variables (fourth root) and abiotic (log x + 1) variables. Homocedasticity, their variability and correlation were analyzed with ANOVA test. A total of 59 different species were collected, including 16 new reports on the Mexican Pacific coast and 18 new reports on the Gulf of California. The ecology characteristics were: a) species richness and abundance increased in sandy beaches with less silt-clay content and high permeability and organic matter content, without variation in the time; b) species richness and abundance of peracarid assemblage increased on the sea in the three beaches studied; c) five isopods (Excirolana chamensis, E. mayana, E. braziliensis, Gnorimosphaeroma oregonense and Tylos punctatus), three amphipods (Rhepoxynius heterocuspidatus, R. especies C, Corophium sp.), and two tanaids (Pseudosphyrapus sp. and Biarticulata sp.) determined peracarid assemblages; and d) the three beaches studied showed different assemblages. The results showed differences between beaches, within beaches and their peracarid assemblages. The differences were constant along time, inter annually, and seasonally. The results from this study agree with same beaches from west Australia and disagree with observations from exposed beaches, because wave/swash processes are modified in sheltered shores by their topography, sea level, and tidal range. Microtidal low-energy sandy shores, sheltered on bays, species richness and abundance of peracarids are negatively correlated with beach width, grain size, and percentage of siltclay; and positively with permeability and organic matter content. Community patterns did not vary along time, even in years or seasons. The results agree with the general prediction of the hypothesis of an increment in species richness and abundance on more sheltered beaches. Considerations about implications of these results in strategic use, management and potential restoration on sandy sheltered shores are discussed. Finally, coordination among researchers and implementation of more studies on sandy shores is suggested to develop management tools of this important resource of Mexico.
    Description: CONACyT (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología)
    Keywords: Ecology ; Ecology ; Conservation ; Marine crustaceans
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations
    Format: 176
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: La “raya platana” (Atlantoraja platana), es una especie endémica del Atlántico Sudoccidental, habita desde los 22º S (Uruguay y sur de Brasil) hasta los 42º S, región del Golfo San Matías (Argentina). El área de estudio del presente trabajo fue el Golfo San Matías (41º- 42º S y 64º- 65º O). El material analizado (778 hembras y 709 machos) fue colectado durante muestreos mensuales de las capturas desembarcadas por los barcos pesqueros de la flota local (muestreos de desembarque); muestras extraídas a bordo de las embarcaciones pesqueras por el programa de observadores a bordo, durante los años 2004 y 2005 y los meses de marzo, abril y mayo de 2006; y durante la realización de campañas de investigación pesquera (primavera de 2004, 2005 y 2006). Se describió y caracterizó la morfología de la especie encontrándose un rango de tallas de 19 a 89 cm de LT en hembras y de 19 a 79 cm de LT en machos. Entre los sexos existieron diferencias significativas en la relación largo-peso y largo-ancho de disco. Los machos y las hembras presentaron crecimiento alométrico negativo, b= 2,77 y b= 2,91 respectivamente. Se analizó su distribución y se pudo establecer la presencia de A. platana en todo el golfo, en un rango de profundidades de 81 a 168 m de profundidad, el registro más austral de presencia de la especie se ubica en los 42º 11ꞌ S y 64º 34ꞌ O. La proporción de hembras y machos fue de 1,04:1, no se observó segregación por sexos, hallándose predominancia de juveniles. Se investigaron aspectos de la biología reproductiva a partir del peso de las gónadas en ambos sexos y las glándulas nidamentales en hembras como de los espermiductos en machos, con ellos se calcularon el índice gonadosomáticos (IG), el índice de la glándula nidamental (IGN) y el índice del espermiducto (IEp) en machos. En las hembras maduras se contaron y midieron los ovocitos maduros e inmaduros y se midieron y pesaron las cápsulas totalmente formadas. En los machos se midió la longitud del mixopterigios (LM) y se contaron las espinas alares. Las hembras presentaron dos picos de máxima actividad en el IG e IGN (verano y otoño) para el primero y (fines de primavera y otoño) para el segundo. Se observaron cápsulas totalmente formadas durante todo el año siendo diciembre el mes con mayor porcentaje (87,5 %). El IG en machos se mantiene casi estable a lo largo del año, se observa un máxima actividad al finalizar la primavera, mientras que el IEp presenta una mayor actividad en el verano. De lo observado se puede establecer que A. platana tiene un ciclo reproductivo anual, con dos picos. Se estableció la talla de primera madurez sexual (LT50), siendo igual a 71,8 cm en hembras, esto ocurrió al 76,40 % de la talla máxima, mientras que en los machos fue a los 64,2 cm y ocurrió al 77,2 % de la talla máxima. En los machos las espinas alares varían de 1 a 6 hileras. Se describió el hábito alimentario, se caracterizó el tipo de alimentación y el nivel trófico que posee A. platana en el Golfo San Matías. Para obtener el número de muestras mínimas se calcularon las curvas de diversidad acumulativa de Shannon-Wiener del número de presas en función del número de estómagos analizados para el total de individuos y para cada sexo en juveniles y adultos. Siendo el número mínimo de estómagos necesarios de 288 para el total, de 138 hembras y 186 machos para individuos juveniles y de 91 hembras y 114 machos para individuos adultos. Se calculó el coeficiente de vacuidad (v) y la incidencia de las diferentes especies presas en la dieta fue evaluada aplicando las siguientes expresiones: porcentaje de frecuencia de ocurrencia (%O), porcentaje en número (%N), porcentaje en peso (%P). Con las expresiones anteriores se calcularon el índice de importancia relativa IRI y el %IRI. Se observó que la especie es de hábitos tróficos epibentónicos con predominancia a la carcinofagia, siendo los langostinos (Pleoticus muelleri) y los estomatópodos (Pterygosquilla armata armata) las presas más consumidas tanto por los juveniles como los adultos de ambos sexos. Los individuos presentan un alto grado de superposición de la dieta entre sexos (α= 0,99) y una baja amplitud dietaria siendo el valor de β= 0,23 mientras que el nivel trófico obtenido fue de NT= 3,79, ubicándolas como predadores secundarios (NT〈 4). Para la determinación de la edad se usaron las vértebras extraídas de la región toráxica-abdominal de ambos sexos. Las mismas fueron limpiadas, cortadas y pulidas. Se realizaron dos lecturas independientes entre dos lectores. La comparación del coeficiente b entre las regresiones de hembras y machos mostró diferencias significativas. El cálculo de la precisión en el conteo de anillos (APE) fue de 4,17 % en hembras y de 5,25 % en machos. Se validó el incremento marginal del radio para cada mes no encontrándose diferencias significativas en las hembras, mientras que en los machos fue significativa. En las estaciones el (APE) difirió significativamente entre invierno y primavera para los sexos agrupados. Se observó la deposición de las bandas de crecimiento claras y oscuras siendo el mayor porcentaje de las claras en primavera y verano y de las oscuras en otoño e invierno. Esto permite asumir que existe una deposición anual de las bandas. Se describió el modelo de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy siendo L∞= 105,5 y k= 0,08 en hembras y L∞= 103,7 y k= 0,09. La longevidad estimada fue de 31 años en hembras y de 29 años en machos. La mayor edad estimada fue de 15 años en hembras y de 13 años en machos. Se calculó la edad de primera madurez siendo de 7,6 años para las hembras y 4,8 años para los machos. En el Golfo San Matías A. platana junto a otras rayas están sometidas a la explotación pesquera es por ello que estimar la edad y el crecimiento es muy importante ya que permite reconstruir la estructura etárea de la población. Más aún si se tiene en cuenta que estos peces dada sus características biológicas son de crecimiento lento. Se analizó la base de datos de FAO de capturas mundiales de los Rajiformes a nivel mundial, a nivel nacional de la Secretaría de Agricultura Ganadería Pesca y Alimentos (SAGPYA) de la Nación Argentina, y a nivel local el Registro de Información Pesquera de la provincia de Río Negro. Se consultó la base de datos de la lista roja de especies amenazadas de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (IUCN su sigla en ingles) y se determinó que A. platana se encuentra categorizada como vulnerable. Las rayas junto con el resto de los condrictios son parte de la fauna acompañante en la captura de la merluza común Merluccius hubbsi que es la especie blanco de la pesquería de arrastre del Golfo San Matías. Se calculó el índice de Captura por Unidad de Esfuerzo (CPUE= Capturas totales Kg/Horas de arrastre) de la flota pesquera de arrastre para las rayas, para la merluza común y el resto de los peces cartilaginosos. En el año 1996 se comienzan a desembarcar las rayas en el golfo, alcanzando su valor máximo en el año 1999 con 343 t. De la comparación de las CPUE entre peces cartilaginosos se observa que antes del año 1996 el pez gallo Callorhinchus callorynchus y el gatuzo Mustelus schmitti presentaban los valores más altos. Para el año 1997 las rayas superan al gatuzo, ocupando el segundo lugar después del pez gallo, quien históricamente fue la especie de condrictio más capturado en el golfo. De la observación de los volúmenes de peces capturados por las lanchas artesanales y los barcos de rada ría los peces cartilaginosos totalizaron 19 t, siendo el gatuzo con alrededor de 8 t el más capturado en el año 2004 y las rayas con 3,6 t en el 2005.
    Description: ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The skate Atlantoraja platana, commonly known in Argentina as “raya platana”, is endemic to the Southwest Atlantic. It is distributed from 22º S (Uruguay and Brazil) to 42º S in San Matías Gulf (Argentina). The present study was carried out in San Matías Gulf (41º- 42º S and 64º- 65º W). It analyzed 778 females and 709 males collected from three different sources: commercial vessels sampled by the on-board observer program during 2004 and 2005 and March, April and May 2006; research surveys conducted during spring 2004 and 2005; and commercial landings sampled from 2004 to 2006. The morphological characteristics of the specie were described. Males ranged from 19 to 79 cm TL and females from 19 to 89 cm TL. The relationships between total length and weight and total length and disc width were significantly different between sexes. Both sexes presented allometric weight growth, being b= 2.77 and b= 2.91 for males and females respectively. The distribution of A. platana in San Matías Gulf was analyzed. The species was found all over the gulf between 81 and 168 m depth. Up to date, its southern distribution was 42º 11ꞌ S- 64º 34 ꞌ W. The sex ratio was 1:1 and juveniles predominated the sample. The reproductive biology of the species was also analyzed. The weight of the gonads in both sexes, the weight of the nidamental gland in females and the weight of the sperm ducts in males were recorded. With these records we estimated: the gonadosomatic index (GSI), the nidamental gland index (GNI) and the sperm duct index (SDI). The number and diameter of mature and immature oocytes were recorded in mature females. When found, the fully developed egg capsules were weighed and measured. In males, the length of the claspers (LM) was measured and the number of alar thorns recorded. In females, the GSI and GNI presented two peaks. The highest values of the GSI were recorded during summer and autumn, whereas those of the GNI were recorded during late spring and autumn. Fully developed egg capsules were found all over the year, but showed the highest percentage (87.5%) during December. In males, the GSI was almost constant throughout the year, showing its maximum value during late spring. The SDI showed its maximum value during summer. According to these results A. platana presented an annual reproductive cycle with two peaks. Size at first maturity (LT50) was estimated at 71.8 cm in females, 76.4 % of the maximum length recorded and at 64.2 cm in males, 77.2 % of the maximum length recorded. The number of alar thorns ranged from 1 to 6. Described the food habit, was the type of food and trophic nivel that A. platana in San Matías Gulf. In order to obtain the number of minimum sample the curves of cumulative diversity of Shannon-Wiener of the number of prey based on the number of stomachs analyzed for the total number of individuals and for each sex in youth and adults. Being the minimum number of necessary stomachs of 288 for the total, 138 in females and 186 in youthful males, of 91 in females and 114 in adult males. We estimated the vacuity coefficient (v) and the importance of the different prey items in the diet was assessed by their percentage by number (%N) and weight (%W), their percentage frequency of occurrence (%O). The former expressions were used to estimate the index of relative importance (IRI) and its percentage (%IRI). The species preyed primarily on crustaceans, being shrimps (Pleoticus muelleri) and stomatopods (Pterygosquilla armata armata) the main prey items of juveniles and adults. Sexes presented a high degree of dietary overlap (α= 0.99) and a narrow niche breadth (β= 0.23). The specie was considered a secondary consumer and the trophic level estimated was (NT= 3.79). Age and growth determination was based on the examination of vertebral centra. The vertebrae were cleaned, cut and polished. Two readers counted the bands independently. The linear relationships between TL and the centrum diameter were described for males and females. The comparison of the coefficient b of both curves showed significant differences. The precision was evaluated with the average percent error (APE), which was estimated to be 4.17 % in females and 5.25 % in males. Females showed no significant differences in the relative marginal increase in the vertebral centra, whereas males did. The (APE) significantly differed between sexes during winter and spring. Since a greater proportion of translucent and opaque bands were observed during spring and autumn respectively, we assumed an annual band deposition. The von Bertalanffy growth model was used. The parameters estimated were L∞= 105.5 and k= 0.08 in females and L∞= 103.7 and k= 0.09 in males. The older female observed was 15 years old and the older male 13 years old. Age at first maturity was estimated to be 7.6 years in females and 4.8 years in males. Since the skates of San Matías Gulf are being subject of commercial exploitation, age and growth estimation is important because it allows reconstructing the age structure of the population. Skates, together with other chondrichthyan fishes, are captured as bycatch in the bottom trawl fishery of San Matías Gulf. The target species of the fishery is the common hake Merluccius hubbsi. The databases of commercial landings of species belonging to the Rajiformes reported by FAO, Secretaría de Agricultura Ganadería Pesca y Alimentos de la Nación Argentina (SAGPYA) and Río Negro Province were analyzed. The database of the Red List of Threatened species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), where A. platana is categorized as a vulnerable species, was also consulted. The capture per unit effort index (CPUE) was estimated for the common hake, skates and other chondrichthyans. In the bottom trawl fishery of San Matías Gulf, skates began to be commercialized in 1996. Landings reached their maximum value (343 t) during 1999. Historically, the cockfish Callorhinchus callorynchus as been the main chondrichthyan of the fishery, with the maximum CPUE value. Before 1996, this species was followed by the smooth-hound shark Mustelus schmitti. However, skates have been in second place since 1997. The artisanal fishery of San Matías Gulf also commercializes chondrichthyan fishes. During 2004, landings were 19 t, and the smooth-hound shark and skates were the most captured chondrichthyan fishes, with 8 and 3.6 t respectively.
    Description: Tesis(doctorado). Realizada en el IBMP (Instituto de Biología Marina y Pesquera "Almirante Storni" – San Antonio Oeste, Argentina)
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Atlantoraja platana
    Description: Peces cartilaginosos
    Description: Raya platana
    Description: Biología pesquera
    Description: Explotación
    Description: Recursos pesqueros
    Description: comportamiento alimentario
    Description: medio ambiente costero
    Description: Dinamica Poblacional
    Description: Distribución espacial
    Description: morfología
    Description: reproducción
    Description: Chondrychthyans fisheries
    Keywords: Fishery biology ; Ecology ; Feeding behaviour ; Age (biological) ; Growth ; Coastal environment ; Morphology (animal) ; Reproduction (biology) ; Spatial distribution ; Population dynamics ; Abundance
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Phd thesis
    Format: 179
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se determina e interpreta el origen zoogeográfico y se reconocen los patrones de distribución en el Pacifico oriental de las 22 especies de tiburones (Pleurotremata) registradas hasta la fecha en el Pacífico colombiano, incluidas Tnaenodon obesus, Ginglymostoma cirratum y Rbiniodon typus, las cuales se registran por primera vez. Se discuten los patrones de distribución, como respuesta a factores historico-ecológicos; finalmente se hace una caracterización biogeográfica de la Isla Gorgona con base en las especies de tiburones presentes en sus aguas.
    Description: The zoogeographical origin is determined and analized, and the distributional patterns in the eastern tropical Pacific are recognized for 22 shark species (Pleurotremata) recorded from the Colombian Pacific, mcluding Triaenodon obesus, Gmglymostoma cirratum and RhiniodoQ typus, recorded for the first time. The distributional patterns are discussed as a response to the historical and ecological factors which affect the species according to their zoogeographical origin; finally, a biogeographical characterization of the Gorgona Island is made based on the species that inhabit its surrounding waters.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Distribution ; Shark fisheries ; Ecology ; Distribution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.53-65
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se realizó una clasificación numérica de 21 estaciones de monitoreo del sistema laguno -estuarino comprendido por la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta y el Complejo Pajarales, de acuerdo a su similaridad en el comportamiento de la salinidad del agua. Se utilizó información quincenal comprendida entre enero de 1987 y octubre de 1991. Debido a la estructura de autocorrelación de los datos fue necesario emplear los modelos ARIMA de series de tiempo en primer lugar, y posteriormente aplicar una técnica de clasificación normal con los coeficientes de la representación infinita AR calculados para cada estación. Los resultados del análisis fueron coherentes con las hipótesis planteadas acerca de la distribución de la variable en el sistema.
    Description: A numerical classif¡catión of 21 monitoring stations of the lagoonal - estuarine system comprised by the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta and Pajarales complex was carried out according to their similarity in water salinity behavior. Biweekly data from January 1987 to Octuber 1991 was used. Due to the autocorrelation structure of the data, it was necessary to use f irst time series ARIMA models, f ollowed by normal cluster analysis of the AR coeff icients of infinite representaron calculated f or each station. The results were coherent with hypotheses concerning the distribution of the variable ¡n the system.
    Description: Published
    Description: Biostatistic, Ecosystem characterization,
    Keywords: Ecology ; Monitoring ; Estuaries ; Statistical analysis ; Coastal lagoons ; Ecology ; Salinity effects ; Autocorrelation ; Monitoring ; Coastal lagoons ; Estuaries ; Statistical analysis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: La estructura de los bosques de manglar del Delta Exterior del Río Magdalena-Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (DERM-CGSM) y algunas variables abióticas de sus suelos fueron cuantificadas con el objeto principal de proveer una línea de base para evaluaciones futuras de cambios en el ecosistema, como consecuencia de la reapertura de caños de agua dulce provenientes del Río Magdalena. Se encontró que los bosques que rodean el complejo lagunar exhiben diferentes grados de desarrollo estructural, desde casi ningún desarrollo (completamente muertos) hasta bosques complejos. El mejor desarrollo estructural se encontró en las estaciones localizadas sobre el Caño El Jobo (JOB) y sobre la Ciénaga de la Aguja (AGU) en la zona suroccidental del área de estudio. La primera de éstas presentó solamente dos especies de manglar pero sus individuos mostraron grandes tallas. La estación localizada sobre las Bocas del Río Aracataca (ARA) en el costado oriental de la CGSM, presentó las tres especies de mangle y un desarrollo estructural intermedio con presencia de individuos de gran talla. Estas tres estaciones son las que todavía reciben aportes de agua dulce, ya sea del Río Magdalena o de ríos provenientes de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM). Las zonas más aisladas de flujos de agua dulce (estaciones sobre la Ciénaga de Pajaral y sobre la parte occidental del Caño Clarín) presentaron los más bajos desarrollos estructurales de la vegetación y gran parte de ésta totalmente muerta. Se concluye que Avicennia germinans es la especie dominante en el DERM-CGSM. En general, Rhizophora mangle se encontró únicamente al borde de los canales o ciénagas; en la zona occidental del DERM-CGSM esta especie se encontró casi toda muerta. Se demostró una correlación inversa entre la salinidad de los suelos y el área basal, la altura y el área foliar de los árboles y directa entre el potencial redox y los mismos atributos. Los bajos valores de área foliar de A. germinans encontrados en las estaciones con mayores salinidades del suelo reflejan parcialmente la "agresividad" del ambiente en el cual habita, y en especial su respuesta a la tensión impuesta por la dificultad de obtener agua del suelo.
    Description: Withthemainpurposeofprovidingabaselineforfutureevaluationsofecosystemchanges as a consequence of the reopening of freshwater canals from the Magdalena River, the structure of mangrove forests of the Exterior Delta of the Magdalena River-Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (DERM-CGSM )and several soil properties were quantified. Mangrove forests surrounding the lagoonal complex exhibit from low and almost null structural development (completely dead) to complex structures. Best structural development was found on Caño El Jobo (JOB) and Ciénaga de la Aguja (AGU) in the southwestern part of the study area. JOB showed only two mangrove species but individual trees exhibited large sizes. In ARA, on the eastern side of Ciénaga Grande, the three species were present and structural development can be considered intermediate with several individuals of large size. These three stations (JOB, AGU, ARA) still receive fresh water flow from either the Magdalena River or from rivers of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. The areas most isolated from freshwater flow (stations on Ciénaga de Pajaral and on the western end of Caño Clarín) showed the lowest structural development of the vegetation and a large part of it completely dead. It is concluded that Avicennia germinans ¡s the dominant species in the study area. In general, Rhizophora mangle was only found on the edges of canals or lagoons and towards the western side this species was almost all dead. An inverse relationship was demonstrated between soil salinity and basal area, height and foliar area and a direct one between redox potentials and the same attributes. The low foliar area values of A. germinans in the stations with highest soil salinities reflect in part the "aggressiveness" of the environment in which the species lives and specially its response to the stress imposed by the difficulty of obtaining water from the soil.
    Description: Published
    Description: Diagnostic, Basal area, Foliar area, Determinants
    Keywords: Redox potential ; Estuaries ; Ecology ; Population structure ; Coastal lagoons ; Mangroves ; Coastal lagoons ; Estuaries ; Mangroves ; Ecology ; Population structure ; Salinity effects ; Lethal limits ; Habitat ; Redox potential ; Condition factor
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Para el reconocimiento y caracterización de las formaciones arrecifales de Bahía Pórtete se visitaron un total de 22 estaciones entre junio de 1987 y enero de I988. Se registraron por primera vez Acropora cervicomis, Agaricia agaricites, Montastrea cavernosa, Diploría clivosa e Isophyllia sinuosa, elevando a 18 el número de especies de escleractinios de la bahía. El componente principal por su abundancia y diversidad de formas fue el hidrocoral Millepora alcicomis. Las formaciones arrecifales del área se concentran sobre los costados oeste y suroeste, sin llegar a constituirse en verdaderos arrecifes. Estructuralmente se discriminan dos tipos de formaciones: tipo 1 parches arrecifales y tipo 2 praderas de fanerógamas con colonias dispersas de M. alcicomis. Sobre este último tipo de formaciones los valores de densidad fluctuaron entre 6.6 y 35.5 colonias/m2. Adicionalmente se registró en octubre-noviembre de 1987 un extenso fenómeno de blanqueamiento que afectó principalmente a. M alcicomis, Porites astreoides y P. por/fes. Por lo menos seis especies de escleractinios y un hidrocoral mostraron blanqueamiento. En formaciones del tipo 2 un 25.9 % de las colonias resultó afectado.. La causa del blanqueamiento no pudo ser determinada con exactitud, pero se cree que el incremento de la temperatura del agua en octubre, unido a las condiciones típicamente turbias de la zona, provocaron la pérdida masiva de zooxantelas simbiontes. Eventos similares fueron registrados en ese año para la mayor parte del mar Caribe
    Description: In order to describe and characterize reef formation ¡n Bahia Pórtete, a survey was conducted between June 1987 and January 1988 in wich a total of 22 stations were visited. Acropora cervicomis, Agaricia agaricites, Montastrea cavernosa, Diploría clivosa and Isophyllia sinuosa, were recorded for the first time amounting to 18 trie number of scleractinian species for the bay. The principal component of the coral formations was the hydrocoral Millepora alcicomis due to its abundance and morphological diversity. Reef formations in the área are concentrated on the west and southwest side, not massive enough, however, to be considered real framework reefs. Structuraly two kinds of formations were discriminated: type 1, reef patches, and type 2, seagrass beds with dispersed colonies. Density of colonies was estimated for this latler type ranging between 6.6 and 35.5 colonies/m². Aditionally, an extensive bleaching phenomenon was observed in October-November 1987, that affected mainly Millepora alcicornis, Porites astreoides and Porites porites. At least six scleractinian species and one hydrocoral showed bleaching. In type 2 formations 25.9% of colonies was affected. Exact causes for bleaching could not be determined but it is believed that high temperatures in those months together with normal turbid conditions in the area resulted in massive loss of simbionts zooxanthellae. Similar events were registred for most part of the Caribbean sea in 1987.
    Description: Published
    Description: Spatial distribution, Corals
    Keywords: Ecology ; Geographical distribution ; Population structure ; Turbidity ; Bleaching ; Population dynamics ; Density ; Species diversity ; Bleaching ; Ecology ; Geographical distribution ; Habitat ; Population structure ; Population dynamics ; Turbidity ; Density ; Species diversity
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  • 50
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Santa Marta (Colombia), INVEMAR
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se describen 20 especies de peces colectados en áreas arrecifales de la costa none de Colombia, de las cuales 19 constituyen primeros registros para este sector del Caribe. Se incluye información sobre aspectos biológicos y ecológicos de las especies.
    Description: 20 species of reef fishes collected in coastal waters of the Colombian Caribbean are described, 19 of which are reponed for thefirst timefor this region. Biológica! and ecological information on these species is given as well.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Ichthyology ; Marine fish ; New records ; Ichthyology ; Ecology
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Sícydium antillarum Grant es un gobiido abundante en las corrientes que bajan de la SierraNevada de Santa Marta (Colombia) al mar. Se estudió la población de la Quebrada Valencia y las postlarvas en las bocas de los ríos Manzanares y Gaira, entre febrero de 1987 y enero de 1988. Se presentan datos morfológicos, merísticos y morfométricos de la especie; la población desovó de mayo a diciembre, con picos máximos en junio y octubre. La proporción hembras: machos fue casi 1:1 de enero a marzo; de abril a diciembre los machos se apoderan de un territorio y se dificulta su captura, principalmente en septiembre y octubre (proporción 9:1). La fecundidad máxima fue de 91067 huevos en una hembra de 109 mm; el 25% de los ejemplares alcanzó la madurez entre 60.0 y 64.9 mm. La relación talla (mm) - peso (gr) fue: Peso = 1.039x10'6 xlongitud total 35232 . El factor de condición sufre un descenso en noviembre, después del mayor pico de desove de la estación lluviosa. Los contenidos estomacales estaban integrados por algas y bacterias; la especie es diurna, encontrándose el 100% de individuos con el estómago lleno a las 15:00 horas. Las postlarvas fueron detectadas cada mes entre agosto y diciembre, al fin del cuarto menguante; adultos y postlarvas son resistentes a condiciones de laboratorio.
    Description: Sicydium antillarum Grant is an abundant gobiidfish ¡n the streams which runfrom the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (Colombia) tothe sea. The population living in the Quebrada Valencia was studiedfrom February 1987 to January 1988; postlarvae were observed and collected at the mouths of the Manzanares and Gaira rivers. Morphological, meristic and morphometric data of the species are presented; the population spawned between May and December, with peaks in June and October. Sex ratios between January and March were around 1:1; males defend a territory from April to December and are more difficult to capture (mainly in September and October, when the ratios are about ninefemales per male). The highest numberof eggs (91,067) was found in a female 109 mm in íength. Twenty-five per cent of the specimens reached maturity between 60.0 and 64.9 mm. The equation relating íength (mm) and weigth (gr) is: Weígth = 1.0309xtO*6 xtotal íength 35232 . Condition factor reached a low valué in November.that is after the highest spawning peak of the rainy season. The stomach contents studied were composed of algae and bacteria; all the specimens collected at 15:00 had a full stomach, which indicates that the species is diurnal. Postlarvae were detected monthly from August top December, always related to the waning moon. Adults and postlarvae are very hardy and live well in laboratory conditions.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Geographical distribution ; Reproductive behaviour ; Feeding behaviour ; Ichthyology ; Biology ; Ecology ; Ichthyology ; Geographical distribution ; Reproductive behaviour ; Feeding behaviour ; Biology ; Morphometry ; Stomach content
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se describen 19 especies de peces colectadas en los archipiélagos coralinos de las islas del Rosario y de San Bernardo, las cuales son nuevos registros para el Caribe continental colombiano. Tres de esas especies (Ichthyapus ophioneus, Calamopteryx goslinei y Apogon leptocaulus) no habían sido colectadas antes en el Caribe sur, por lo que estos récords son nuevos para este sector del Mar de las Antillas. Se incluye información sobre aspectos biológicos y ecológicos de las especies.
    Description: 19 species of fishes coliected in the coralline archipelagos of Islas de) Rosario and San Bernardo, which are reponed for the first time for the Colombian continental Car¡bbean, are described. Three of those species (Ichtyapus ophioncus, Calamopteryx goslmei and Apogon leptocaulus) had not been collected before in the southern Caribbean, being therefore new records for this section of the Sea. Biological and ecological information about the 19 species is given as well.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fish ; Ecology ; Biology ; Fish ; New records ; Biology ; Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se presenta información descriptiva y ecológica de nueve especies del género Coryphopterus (Pisces: Gobiidae) colectadas en los arrecifes, principalmente coralinos, del Caribe colombiano (incluyendo la Isla de Providencia). Se incluye además una-clave para identificar las especies. La más común en los muéstreos fue C. personatus (67%), seguida por C. eidolon (52%), C. dicrus (21%), C. glaucofraenum (27%); C. thrix (19%), C. tortugae (10%), C. lipernes (9%), C. hyalinus (4%) y C. alloides (3%). Se observaron diferencias regionales importantes en relación con su presencia y abundancia. Las poblaciones del Caribe continental colombiano tienden a ser más pigmentadas que las de regiones norteñas del Atlántico oeste trópica!, probablemente a causa de la presencia de sedimentos oscuros terrígenos en los fondos arrecifales del sur del Caribe. Los datos preliminares sobre la alimentación de ocho especies sugieren que el género es omnívoro y consume cantidades importantes de detritus, además de variados microinvertebrados. Algunas especies ingieren también algas.
    Description: Descriptive and ecological information on nine species of the gobüd fish genus Coryphopterus, collected mainly in coral reefs of the Colornbian Caríbbean (including Isla de Providencia), ¡s preseníed; a key for species identification is also included. The most common species in the samples was C. personatus (67%), followed by C. eidolon (52%), C. dicrus (27%), C. glaucofraenum (27%), C. thrix (19%), C. tortugae (10%), C. lipernes (9%), C. hyaiinus (4%) and C. alloides (3%); importan! differences in their regional ocurrence and abundance were detectad. Colornbian continental Caríbbean populations tend to be more pigmented than those of northern regions of the tropical western Atlantic, probably because southern Caríbbean reefs have terrígenous dark sedírnents. Preliminary data about the feeding habits of eight species suggest that the genus is omnivorous, eating important amounts of detritus and a variety of microínvertebrates; some species also íngest algae.
    Description: Published
    Description: Coryphopterus
    Keywords: Ecology ; Feeding behaviour ; Ichthyology ; Reef fish ; Ichthyology ; Ecology ; Identification keys ; Abundance ; Feeding behaviour
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: La présente étude a porté sur une anomalie morphologique observée chez la palourde européenne Ruditapes decussatus collectée dans le lac nord de Tunis et des perturbations coquillières relevées chez la datte de mer Lithophaga lithophaga prélevée dans la baie de Bizerte. L’examen de la partie molle et de la coquille de ces deux espèces de bivalves a révélé une malformation chez la palourde européenne qui consiste en la différenciation de deux siphons inhalant et exhalant surnuméraires prenant naissance des deux siphons habituels, complètement séparés, inhalant et exhalant. Les siphons en forme de Y possèdent ainsi 4 ouvertures fonctionnelles au lieu de 2. Chez la datte de mer Lithophaga lithophaga, nous avons relevé la présence de perturbations coquillières qui touchent la valve du côté externe et interne. Nous avons mis en évidence la présence d’annélides perforateurs et de sipunculiens vivant à l’intérieur de galeries intravalvaires creusées vraisemblablement par ces invertébrés. La fine épaisseur de la coquille pourvue de galeries entraine des malformations morphologiques coquillières observées chez ce bivalve lithophage.
    Description: تبرز هذه الدراسة تشوهات لاحظناها في لحم القفالة Ruditapes decussatus التي تم التقاطها في بحيرة تونس الشمالية كما تسجل بعض الاضطرابات التي تخص قوقعة بلح البحر Lithophaga lithophaga المتأتية من شرم بنزرت. فبالنسبة للقفالة، لاحظنا ظهور مثاعب إضافية استنشاقية واستنثارية ثانية تبرز من المثاعب الأصلية المنفصلة حيث يبدو كل مثعب منهما على شكل «Y » بفتحتين في مؤخرتهما الخلفيتين. أما بالنسبة لبلح البحر، فقد لوحظت اضطرابات على مستوى قشرة قوقعية بلح البحر من داخله و خارجه على حد سواء، وهذه الإضطرابات ناتجة عن وجود كائنات بحرية من الافقاريات مثل ديدان الفول السوداني وديدان حلقية التي تسكن في أنفاق محفورة داخل قشرة القوقعية. إن شفافية سمك قوقعة بلح البحر يؤدي، عند وجود كائنات حية تعيش فيها إلى إحداث تشوهات في الشكل الداخلي والخارجي لقوقعية بلح البحر.
    Description: The present study concerned a morphological abnormality observed at the European clam Ruditapes decussatus collected in the north lake of Tunis and the shell disturbances raised to Lithophaga lithophaga taken in the bay of Bizerta. The examination of the soft part and the shell of these two sorts of bivalves revealed a deformation at the European clam who consists of the differentiation of two siphons inhaling and exhaling originating supernumeraries both usual siphons, siphons in the form of Y so possesses 4 functional openings instead of 2. To the sea date Lithophaga lithophaga, we raised the presence of shell disturbances which get the valve of the external and internal side. We put in evidence the presence of perforating annelids and sipunculians living inside intravalves galleries dug credibly by these invertebrates. The soft thickness of the shell provided with galleries entails morphological shell deformations and fragility observed to this lithophagous bivalve.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Lithophaga lithophaga ; Ruditapes decussatus ; Abnormalities ; Animal morphology ; Ecology ; Shellfish ; Shells
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Realizada en el INIDEP (Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrrollo Pesquero- Mar del Plata, Argentina).
    Description: Tesis (Licenciatura).
    Description: Squalidae, Squalus acanthias, Rajidae, Sympterigia bonapartei, Psammobatis extenta, Psammobatis bergi, Raja agassizi, Raja cyclophora, Raja castelnavi, Myliobatidae, Myliobatis sp., Odontaspididae, Odontaspis taurus, Squatinidae, Squatina argentina, Rhinobatidae, Zapteryx brevirostris, Triakidae, Mustelus schmitti, Galeorhinus vitaminicus, Triglidae, Prionotus punctatus, Prionotus nudigula, Serranidae, Acanthistius brasilianus, Sciaenidae, Umbrina canosai, Micropogonias furnieri, Cynoscion striatus, Percophidae, Percophis brasiliensis, Stromateidae, Stromateus brasiliensis, Bothidae, Paralichthys isosceles, Xystreuris rasile, tiburón espinoso, rayas, chucho, escalandrún, pez ángel, guitarra chica, gatuzo, tiburón vitamínico, testolín azul, testolín rojo, mero, pargo blanco, corvina, pescadilla, pez palo, pampanito, lenguado, ecología, relaciones tróficas, cadena alimenticia, dietas, contenido estomacal
    Keywords: Ecology ; Food webs ; Ecology ; Trophic relationships ; Food webs ; Diets ; Stomach content
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations
    Format: 57
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Con el propósito de evaluar los impactos generados por el uso de un método de pesca artesanal denominado "boliche" en la laguna costera tropical Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, se cuantificaron diferentes aspectos; uno de los cuales fue orientado a analizar algunas alteraciones físico-químicas de la columna de agua, producidas durante la maniobra de pesca. Se determinó la concentración de oxígeno disuelto, la transparencia del agua y la concentración y composición del seston, antes y después de 70 lances de boliche. Los resultados indican que la maniobra de pesca genera algunos cambios momentáneos de poca repercusión en el ecosistema, tales como resuspensión de partículas principalmente inorgánicas, aumento de la concentración de seston y en consecuencia disminución de la transparencia de la columna de agua. La concentración de oxígeno disuelto no presenta alteración apreciable.
    Description: With the purpose of assessing the impact generated by the use of an artisanal fishing method populary called "boliche", in the tropical coastal lagoon Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, different aspects were quantified; being one of them designed to analyze some physical-chemical alterations of the water column, produced during the fishing operations. The dissolved oxygen concentration, water transparency and seston compositiori and concentration, before and after of 70 boliche's thrusts were determinated. The resultsshow that fishing operations genérate some momentary changes of little repercution to the ecosys'tem, such as particle resuspention principally inorganic an increase in seston concentration and a consequen water column transparency decrease. The dissolved oxygen concentration does not show appreciable alteration.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Estuaries ; Environmental impact ; Estuarine fisheries ; Dissolved oxygen ; Coastal lagoons ; Seston ; Fishing gear ; Coastal lagoons ; Estuaries ; Chemical analysis ; Environmental impact ; Ecology ; Estuarine fisheries ; Dissolved oxygen ; Seston ; Fishing gear
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se presentan datos sobre el comportamiento y la ecología de Phyllobates plamatus, una rana, la cual hasta el momento solamente ha sido encontrada en Colombia. la especie vive exclusivamente cerca del agua. Con frecuencia forma agrupaciones de muchos individuos en un área bien definida. Dentro de este viven en su mayoría en territorios individuales. Los machos prefieren puntos elevados de su territorio como lugar para sus cantos. Se observaron tres tipos de campos: El primer tipo parece tener la función de un canto de apareamiento; el segundo está, probablemente, relacionado con la defensa del territorio y el tercer tipo de canto se observa solamente inmediatamente ante la introducción a la postura de los huevos. A menudo se observan cantos alternos entre dos machos vecinos. Tanto la temperatura como la intensidad de la luz influyen el canto, determinando así la duración, el comienzo y el final del mismo. De acuerdo con la permanente actividad de cantar, todo el año pueden encontrarse parejas en apareamiento.
    Description: We present data on the behavior and ecology of Phyllobates plamatus, a frog, which thus far only been found in Colombia. the species lives exclusively near water. They often form groups of many individuals in a well-defined. Within that live mostly in individual territories. Males prefer high points of their territory as a place for their songs. There were three types of fields: The first type appears to have the function of a mating song, the second is probably related to territorial defense and the third type of song is only observed immediately before the introduction to the position of the eggs. Songs are often observed two males alternate between neighbors. Both temperature and light intensity influence the song, thereby determining the duration, start and end. According to the permanent activity of singing, all year long can be found in mating pairs.
    Description: Published
    Description: Phyllobates palmatus, Frogs
    Keywords: Ecology ; Behaviour ; Ecology ; Behaviour
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.157-163
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se registran e ¡lustran 14 especies y subespecies de Conus de la región de Santa Marta, Caribe colombiano, y se discute brevemente el status taxonómico de algunas de ellas. Se incluyen análisis comparativos de sus preferencias ambientales (sustrato, profundidad) y sus patrones de distribución geográfica en el Atlántico occidental.
    Description: Fourteen species and subspecies of Conus f rom the Santa Marta área, Caribbean Sea of Colombia, are recorded and illustrated. The taxonomic status of some of them are briefly discussed; their habitatpreferences (substrates, depthstand theirdistributional patternsinthewestern Atlantic are comparatively analyzed.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Malacology ; Geographical distribution ; Ecology ; Taxonomy ; Malacology ; Geographical distribution ; Marine molluscs ; Ecology ; Taxonomy ; New records
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Successional progress was followed ¡n fouling communities, developing under tropical conditions. Primary succession was simulated by immersing asbestos plates. The plates represent small, discrete, isolated parts of habitat. According with expectations, a trend of increasing space dominancy by colonial forms was detected as succession progressed. High within-habitat diversity but global persistency was confirmed f or this tropical system. Several mechanisms of succession were found to operate simultaneously. In this Caribbean fouling system the strong self-replacement tendencies of solitary forms and the low recruitment and growth rates of the potential space dominants (colonial forms) were mostly responsible for the successional patterns observed.
    Description: Se siguió el progreso sucesional en comunidades de "fouling" bajo condiciones tropicales. La sucesión primaria fue simulada mediante el uso de placas de asbesto. Las placas representan partes pequeñas, aisladas y discretas de habitat. De acuerdo a lo esperado, se observó que las formas coloniales tienden a dominar el espacio a medida que la sucesión avanza. Se confirmó el patrón de alta diversidad dentro de habitáis junto con persistencia global en este sistema tropical. Varios mecanismos de sucesión operaron simultáneamente. Las fuertes tendencias de auto-reeplazamiento de las formas solitarias y las bajas tasas de reclutamiento y crecimiento de las formas coloniales potencialmente dominadoras del espacio son responsables de la mayor parte de los patrones sucecionales observados.
    Description: Published
    Description: Field experiments,
    Keywords: Growth ; Dominant species ; Ecology ; Ecological succession ; Species diversity ; Ecology ; Ecological succession ; Species diversity ; Recruitment ; Growth ; Dominant species
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Isaurus duchassaingi es un zoantidio braquinémido que vive solitario o formando pequeñas colonias. Se encuentra típicamente en zonas rocosas y formaciones coralinas. Una información de su morfología es dada por DUERDEN (1898). El presente artículo da una breve descripción de la especie y algunas notas complementarias de su morfología interna y observaciones ecológicas realizadas en el campo.
    Description: Isaurus duchassaingi is a brachynemid zoanthid. that lives solitary or forms small colonies. Tipically it is found on coral formations or rocky shores. An información on its morphology is given by DUERDEN (1898). The present article gives a short description of the species and some complementary notes on its internal morphology, together with ecological field observations.
    Description: Published
    Description: Coelenterates, Species list
    Keywords: Ecology ; Anatomy ; Coral ; Anatomy ; Ecology
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  • 61
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Santa Marta (Colombia), INVEMAR
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Systematic and ecological remarks are presen ted on 14 species of shallow water holothurians of the northern coast of Colombia. The material was coilected from Islas del Rosario off the coast southwes: of Cartagena (10° 08' 39'' Lat. N" 75° 43' 21" Long. W) and from Tayrona National Park to the north east of Santa Marta (11° 20' Lat. N and 74° 05' Long. W). Ten species are new records to Colombia, one of them appeared to be undescribed as yet (Holothuria thomasi sp. nov. Pawson & Caycedo, in preparation). A key to these species is given. The occurrence of some species in abundance in differen: habitats is discussed in order to elucidate ecological interrelationships and facilitate field identificacion.
    Description: Se presentan algunos aspectos de la sistemática y ecología de 14 especies de holotúridos de aguas someras en la costa norte de Colombia. El material se colectó en las Islas del Rosario (10° 08' 39" Lat. X 75° 43' 21" Long. W) y en el Parque Nacional Tayrona hacia el noreste de Santa Marta (11° 20' Lat. N 74° 05' Long. W). Diez de los reportes son nuevos para Colombia, de los cuales uno Holothuria thumaú sp. nov. (PAUSON & CAYCEDO en preparación) es nuevo para la ciencia. Se dan claves para su identificación y se discute la abundancia de algunas especies en habitáts caracteríslicos, para dilucidar algunas ínter relaciones ecológicas y a la vez facilitar más aún la identificación en el campo.
    Description: Published
    Description: Echinodermata, Systematic
    Keywords: Ecology ; Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Un estudio ecológico de la salina marina Pozos Colorados se llevó a cabo entre enero y agosto de 1987. Si bien las dos estaciones de muestreo presentaron amplias diferencias entre si; en general la dinámica del ecosistema dependió aparentemente de la salinidad, la cual varió entre 75 y 341 °/oo; su incremento y la disminución del nivel de agua, al parecer generaron aumento de la temperatura y disminución del oxígeno disuelto, con rangos de 26,3 y 41 °C para la primera y O y 5,4 mg/l para el segundo. Aunque en promedio el pH fue neutro (7,5), este sistema reductor, caracterizado además por abundante materia orgánica, generó en ocasiones una ligera acidez (6,7). La producción primaria neta fue negativa en la mayoría de los casos, como resultado de una intensa actividad respiratoria, hecho que le confirió un carácter heterotrófico al sistema. La dinámica de las especies posiblemente estuvo determinada por la precipitación y el cambio en la proporción iónica, mostrando una sucesión dominada inicialmente por cianófitas bentónicas y Dunaliella viridis; un incremento en la salinidad acompañó la aparición de D. salina, la cual dominó en altas salinidades, antes del dominio absoluto de bacterias rojas y rosadas.
    Description: An ecological study of Pozos Colorados marine brine was carried out between January and August 1987. Although thetwosampled statíons weregreatly differenttoeach other in general, the dynamics of the ecosystem were apparently controlled by salinity, which varied between 75 and 341 °/oo; its ¡ncrease, accompanied by a decrease of the water leve!, possibly generated a temperature increament and a decrease of the dissolved oxygen, ranging between 26,3 and 41°C for the first and between O and 5,4 mg/l for the latter. Although the average pH was neutral (7,5), this reductíve environment, also characterized by the abundance of organic matter, ocassionally generated a slightacidity (6,7). The net primary production was negative ¡n most cases, as a result of an intense respiratory activity. Therefore, the system behaved as heterotrophic, using organic matter as subsidiary energy. The species dynamics was possibly determined by rain and ionic change relations, showing a succesion dominated initially by benthic cyanophites and Dunaliella viridis; an increase in salinity was followed by the appearance of Dunaliella salina, which dominated in high salinitíes, before the total dominance of red and pink bacteria began.
    Description: Published
    Description: Chemistry analysis
    Keywords: Ecosystems ; Primary production ; Population structure ; Ecology ; Salinity effects ; Ecosystems ; Temperature effects ; Primary production ; Population structure ; Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se ha estudiado la variación anual de la condición de la lisa Mugil incilis Hancock en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM), la mayor laguna costera del Caribe Colombiano, haciendo énfasis en la influencia ejercida por factores ambientales como la salinidad, la temperatura y la transparencia de las aguas sobre la condición de esta especie de Mugilidae. Las diferencias estacionales observadas en la condición de M. incilis están evidentemente relacionadas con su desarrollo gonadal y dependen de la disponibilidad de alimento. La dieta de M. incilis se basa en detritos y su suministro de alimento parece ser muy afectado por el aporte fluvial a la CGSM, el cual es también responsable de los cambios en la salinidad de la laguna, esto explica la relación inversa (r = -0.82) hallada entre la salinidad y la condición de M. incilis expresada por C = 0.9949 - 0.0057 S(°/oo). La variación anual de la salinidad sigue un patrón rítmico de cambios estacionales, no precisamente "in situ", sino en regiones continentales distantes: las cabeceras de los tributarios de la CGSM. Estas lisas desovan en aguas del Caribe adyacente a la CGSM y su período de migración (dic-marzo) comienza con su mejor condición física, y retornan a sus áreas de alimentación en la CGSM 2 a 4 semanas después, hasta el final de la migración, con su condición mínima ya que al parecer estas lisas no se alimentan durante su migración de desove. No se observaron cambios relacionados con las variaciones de la temperatura. Las aguas más turbias coincidieron con los sitios de alimentación de M. incilis.
    Description: The annual variation in condition of the mullet Mugil incilis Hancock has been studied in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM). The largest coastal lagoon on the Colombian Caribbean, with emphasis on the influence of such environmental factors as salinity, temperature and transparence of the waters on the condition of this species of Mugilidae. Seasonal differences observed in condition of M. incilis are evidently related to gonadal development and depend on food availability. The diet of M, incilis is based on detritus and its food supply seems to be very influenced by river discharge which also accounts for the salinity changes in the lagoon. this explains the in verse correlation (r = -0.82) found between salinity and condition of the mullets expressed as C = 0.9949 - 0.0057 S (°/oo). Annual salinity variation follows a rhythmic pattern of seasonal changes. not precisely "in situ", but in distant continental regions: the headwaters of the tributarles of the CGSM. These mullets spawn in Caribbean waters adjacent to the CGSM and their migración period (Dec-March) begins with their best physical condición, returning to their feeding áreas in the CGSM 2 or 4 weeks lacer, until the end of the migración, with their lowest condition since these mullets apparently do not feed at all during the spawning migration. No change related to temperature variations was observed. and turbid waters were the rule in M. incilis feeding sites.
    Description: Published
    Description: Mugil incilis
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Estuaries ; Ecology ; Coastal lagoons ; Fishery biology ; Fisheries ; Coastal lagoons ; Estuaries ; Fishery biology ; Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Present thesis focuses on ecology of assemblages and taxonomy of free-living marine nematodes. Most of the data are from Cienfuegos, a semi-enclosed bay in the Caribbean Sea; but, we also provided data on biodiversity from other areas in Cuban marine waters. Four main topics are included: description of biodiversity patterns, a microcosm experiment about effects of organic enrichment on assemblages, a taxonomic revision of the genus Terschellingia de Man, 1888, and the description of four new genera for science.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: marine nematodes
    Description: Caribbean Sea
    Description: genus Terschellingia de Man
    Description: semi-enclosed bays
    Description: Cienfuegos, Cuba
    Keywords: Ecology ; Taxonomy ; Marine water ; Biodiversity ; Sea state
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Phd thesis
    Format: 204
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Del análisis de más de 90 muestreos realizados en la zona intermareal rocosa en 33 sitios de la costa Ecuatoriana, desde el año 2000 al 2005, se identificaron cuatro especies de moluscos bivalvos perforadores de rocas de la familia Mytilidae: Gregariella coarctata, Lithophaga aristata, Lithophaga (L) attenuata y Lithophaga hastasia. Lithophaga hastasia, es considerada "rara" está restringida para Perdenales-Chorrera en la Provincia de Manabí, no se volvió a encontrar en otro lugar de la costa Ecuatoriana, prefiriendo un ecosistema influenciado por aguas tropicales provenientes del norte del país. La especie Gregariella coarctata, se la considera "Común" prefiere la Provincia de Manabí entre Punta Bellaca y Manta, puede extenderse hacia el sur del Ecuador hasta Anconcito, pero está ausente al norte del país, en la Provincia de Esmeraldas y en la Provincia de El Oro. Su distribución es considerada como agregada o en parche, prefiriendo un ecosistema marino influenciado por aguas Ecuatoriales o frente Ecuatorial. Lithophaga attenuata, es considerada "Abundante", se la ha observado desde Balao, hasta Ayange está casi ausente en la región sur donde existe una fuerte influencia de las aguas frías de Humboldt, que puede ser un limitante para su distribución. Lithophaga aristata es la especie "Más abundante", se la ha observado desde Punta Galera en la Provincia de Esmeraldas, hasta Punta Carnero, en el Golfo de Guayaquil, su distribución es la más amplia de todas las especies perforadoras de roca de la familia Mytilidae, su mayor concentración se localizó desde Puerto López hasta Punta Blanca, que está relacionada con la influencia de aguas Ecuatoriales. La mayor riqueza, abundancia y distribución de las especies perforadoras de roca en la zona intermareal de la familia Mytilidae, se la encontró en la Provincia de Manabí y Santa Elena entre Punta Bellaca y Punta Blanca, mientras que la menor abundancia y riqueza se la observó al norte, en la Provincia de Esmeraldas y en el sur del país, principalmente en el Golfo de Guayaquil y la Provincia de El Oro.
    Description: Four species of rocks borer bivalve molluscs of the Mytilidae family were identified from the analysis of 90 samples taken at 33 sites within the rocky intertidal zone along the Ecuadorian coast and prefers an ecosystem influenced by tropical waters from the north of the country. The species Gregariella coarctata, is considered "Common" and is found in the Province of Manabí between Punta Bellaca and Manta. The range of G. coarctata can extend from the south of Ecuador through Anconcito. This species is absent in the north of the country, in the Esmeraldas Province and the Province of El Oro. Its distribution is considered patch-like, preferring a marine ecosystem influenced by Equatorial waters or the Equatorial front.
    Description: Incluye referencias bibliográficas, grafs.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecology ; Distribution ; Ecology ; Marine molluscs ; Fouling organisms ; Distribution ; Abundance
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: التطورات السريعة للتأريخ العرقي للإسفنج ، كذاك الأعمال الحديثة التي أحدثت في البلاد التونسية في علم التصنيف و علم البيئة لهذه المجموعة قد شجعتنا لإعادة النظر في التسميات. هذا التجديد مكننا أيضا اعتبار الإضافات و التسجيلات الأخيرة.
    Description: Les progrès rapides de la phylogénie des éponges en général et celle des démoponges en particulier, ainsi que les travaux récents entamés en Tunisie sur la taxonomie et l’écologie de ce groupe, nous ont encouragé à revoir leur nomenclature. Cette mise a jour nous a aussi permis de tenir compte des derniers ajouts et signalisations en Tunisie.
    Description: Fast progress of the phylogeny of sponges in general and that of the demoponges in particular, as well as recent works on the taxonomy and the ecology of this group in Tunisia, encouraged us to re-examine their nomenclature. This update also allowed us to take account of the last additions and indications in Tunisia.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Porifera ; Taxonomy ; Terminology ; Ecology ; Phylogeny ; Sponges ; Ecology ; Phylogeny ; Sponges ; Taxonomy ; Terminology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: L’étude des résistances vis-à-vis de différentes substances antibiotiques pour des espèces bactériennes (aérobies et anaérobies) isolées chez Mytilus galloprovincialis a été réalisée par la méthode standard de l’antibiogramme. Ainsi, 50 souches bactériennes aérobies et 20 souches anaérobies appartenant à plus de 25 espèces différentes ont été isolées et testées. Les résultats obtenus montrent des profils à plusieurs résistances vis-à-vis des différentes familles d’antibiotiques testés. Les résultats obtenus révèlent des profils à 12 résistances différentes notamment chez l’espèce anaérobie (Propioni acnes). Aussi, chez l’espèce aérobie pré dominante ( Aeromonas hydrophila) nous avons mis en évidence au moins 6 antibiotypes différents. Ces résultats montrent la prépondérance de bactéries multirésistantes aux antibiotiques hébergeant dans la moule Mytilus galloprovincialis prélevée d’un milieu naturel (la lagune de Bizerte).
    Description: The sensitivity of various aerobic and anaerobic bacterial species isolated from Mytilus galloprovincialis to different types of antibiotics. Thus, sensitivity of 50 aerobic and 20 anaerobic species was tested to 15 antibiotics including (betalactams, aminosids, cephalo porins, phenicols, cyclins, macrolids, nitrofurans, sulfamids, rifamycins). According to results obtained, all strains tested demonstrate resistances profiles to 3 to 12 antibiotics tested. Multi resistant profiles to 12 different antibiotics were detected for the anaerobic species (Propioni acnes). For the main aerobic species isolated, Aeromonas hydrophila we described more than 6 different antibiotypes. According to these results, it seems that the multi resistant antibiotic bacteria were well spread in Mytilus galloprovincialis brought from natural Tunisian lagoon ecosystems (Lagoon of Bizerta)..
    Description: قمنا بدراسة مقاومة مجموعات من أنواع البكتيريات الهوائية واللاهوائية تم عزلها من محار)Mytilus galloprovincialis(، للمضادات الحيوية من مختلف الأصناف. ولقد تم عزل ودراسة 70 من مختلف الأجذال البكتيرية والتي تم تعريفها بالطرق البيوكيميائية. وقد أثبتت النتائج المتحصل عليها وجود رسوم طيفية ذات مقاومات متعددة لـ 12 مضاد حيوي لدى البكتيريا اللاهوائية من نوعPropioni acnes. كما قمنا بعزل مكثف للبكتيريا من نوع Aeromonas hydrophila، وثبت لدى هذا النوع من البكتيريا وجود أكثر من ستة رسوم طيفية مختلفة. وتبين هذه النتائج كثافة تواجد البكتيريات متعددة المقاومة لدى المحارMytilus galloprovincialis المتأتي من بحيرة بنزرت، وذلك يشمل كل أنواع البكتيريا المعزولة (أكثر من 25 أصناف مختلفة).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Bacteria ; Mytilus galloprovincialis ; Antibiotics ; Bacterial diseases ; Control resistance ; Ecology ; Eutrophication ; Indicator species ; Microbiological analysis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se describen y se ilustran seis especies de parásitos pertenecientes a la familia Acanthocolpidae encontradas en 19 especies de peces en su mayoría de considerable importancia económica. El estudio taxonómico de estos parásitos se realizó en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, al norte de Colombia, desde Enero de 1978 hasta Junio de 1979.
    Description: A taxonomic study for parasites found in 19 mostly economically important fish species was carried out in ihe Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (Northern Colombia) from January 1978 uritil June 1979. Six species of fish parasites belonging to the family Acanthocolpidae are described and illustrated herein.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Ecology ; Parasites ; Parasites ; Fisheries ; Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: En los sedimentos superficiales aledaños al manglar, de cuatro estaciones dentro de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta y una estación en la Bahía de Chengue, se analizaron las concentraciones de seis residuos de plaguicidas organoclorados (lindano, heptacloro, aldrin, pp'DDE, pp'DDD y pp'DDT), mediante la técnica de cromatografía gas-líquido. Se realizaron muestreos trimestrales entre marzo y diciembre de 1993, tratando de abarcar las principales épocas climáticas de la región (seca, lluviosa menor, seca menor y lluviosa mayor). Mediante análisis de varianza multifactorial se encontraron diferencias significativas solamente en las concentraciones de lindano, heptacloro y pp'DDE, entre las diferentes épocas climática; los otros tres compuestos (aldrin, pp'DDD y pp'DDT) no mostraron diferencias significativas en ninguno de los factores de variación. Las mayores concentraciones de lindano se presentan en la época seca y las de heptacloro y pp'DDE en la lluviosa mayor. Las concentraciones de estos compuestos fueron cotejadas con la salinidad del agua y con el porcentaje de materia orgánica del sedimento y mediante análisis de correlación canónica se logró establecer que solo el pp'DDT está en relación inversa con la materia orgánica del sedimento.
    Description: Concentrations of six organochlorine pesticide residues (lindane, heptachlor, aldrin, pp'DDE, pp'DDD y pp'DDT) were analized in surface mangrove sediments at four sites at Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta and ¡n one site ¡n Bahía de Chengue, Colombian Caribbean. Analyses were carried out by gas-liquid chromatography. Samples were taken between March and December 1993, corresponding to four climatic seasons (dry, minor rainy, minor dry and major rainy). Significant differences in lindane, heptachlor and pp'DDE concentrations among seasons were determined by multifactorial analysis of variance; the other three compoundslaldrin, pp'DDD an pp'DDT) did not show significant differences for any of the likely sources of variation. Highest concentrations of lindane were in dry season and those of heptaclore and pp'DDE were in rainy season. A canonical correlation was run between the groups formed with organochlorine concentratios and water salinity plus relative organic matter content. The correlation coefficients indícate that only pp'DDT presented a inverse correlation with the percentage of organic matter.
    Description: Published
    Description: chemical contaminants, climate effects, organochlorine
    Keywords: Ecology ; Organic matter ; Estuaries ; Gas chromatography ; Coastal lagoons ; Mangroves ; Ecology ; Chemical analysis ; Salinity effects ; Gas chromatography ; Organic matter ; Coastal lagoons ; Estuaries ; Mangroves
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Destaca el desarrollo de mapas temáticos tanto en su elaboración como en su utilización tratando de proteger los recursos naturales y el medio ambiente.
    Description: Published
    Description: Themed charts
    Keywords: Ecology ; Charts
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Bachelor thesis
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Des observations et echantillonnages des hippocampes sont effectues dans le lagon du Grand Recif de Toliara, de l fannee 2006 a 2008, sur les trois especes d fhippocampes inventoriees : Hippocampus borboniensis, H. fuscus et H. histrix. Cette derniere espece est quasi absente dans la capture. H. borboniensis et H. fuscus sont recrutes respectivement a une longueur totale moyenne de 2,4 cm et de 3 cm correspondant a l fage de 3 et de 2 mois. La premiere maturite survient a une longueur totale moyenne de 6,1 cm a l fage de 8 mois pour H. borboniensis et de 5,58 cm a l fage de 8 mois et demi pour H. fuscus. Les deux parametres de croissance obtenus sont de 15,7 cm pour L ‡ (longueur maximale theorique) et 0,6 par an pour K (coefficient du taux de croissance instantane) chez H. borboniensis et de 12,2 cm pour L ‡ et 1 par an pour K chez les H. fuscus. La longevite est estimee a 5,48 ans pour H. borboniensis contre 3,22 ans pour celle H. fuscus. Ainsi, les resultats d fetudes ont donne des informations sur la bioecologie des H. borboniensis et H. fuscus qui courent des dangers de surexploitation. De ce fait, des strategies de gestion sont proposees. De plus, des elevages experimentaux de á H. borboniensis â, de á Amphiprion ocellaris â et de á Syngnathus typhle rondeleti â ont fait l fobjet de notre etude dans le laboratoire au sein de l fInstitut Halieutique et des Sciences Marines (IH.SM de l fUniversite de Toliara, Madagascar), de l fAquarium de La Reunion, de l fEBMR et de l fInstitut Oceanographique Paul Ricard. (I.O.P.R) en France. Les conditions optimales d felevage des especes locales d fH. borbonienis sont rencontrees a une temperature moyenne de l feau a 23 ‹C et une densite de 3 a 7 individus/l. De ce fait, les nouveaux nes de 1,2 cm atteignent une taille juvenile de 6,22 cm a l fage de 2 mois et une taille a la premiere ponte de 10 cm. Les conditions optimales d felevage de Amphiprion ocellaris de l fOcean Indien obtenus se situent a une temperature de l feau a 25 ‹C avec une densite moyenne de 13 individus/l. En effet, les larves arrivent a taille commerciale des stades juveniles apres 3 mois de captivite. Quant aux syngnathes, a une condition optimale d felevage de temperature de 21,9 ‹C et de densite de 0,26 individus/l, les nouveaux nes arrivent au stade juvenile apres 1 mois a 2 mois et 1 semaine. Les resultats des elevages experimentaux sont encourageants avec un taux de survie moyennement eleve pour les trois especes (H. borboniensis, Amphiprion ocellaris et Syngnathus typhle rondeleti) etudiees. Ces elevages de poissons d faquarium sont couples avec la maitrise de cultures planctoniques comme le phytoplancton represente par Chlorella sp., le zooplancton par Brachionus sp., Artemia sp. et les copepodes. La proposition d fapplication en phase active des connaissances obtenues lors de l fetude bioecologique et de l felevage experimental est presente dans la derniere partie de ce manuscrit. Un robuste projet d fecloserie et d fexposition des poissons d faquarium a ete etudie et presente un cout de 354 436 000 Ar.
    Description: WIOMSA, Cop Française, IH.SM
    Description: Universite de Toliara, Insitut Halieutique et des Sciences Marines, These de Doctorat en Oceanologie Appliquee Option: Aquaculture.
    Description: Published
    Description: Amphiprion ocellaris
    Description: Experimental breeding
    Keywords: Hippocampus (genus) ; Breeding methods ; Syngnathus variegatus ; Fishery biology ; Ecology ; Breeding
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Phd thesis
    Format: 207pp.
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Published
    Description: écosystèmes marines
    Description: optique écologique
    Keywords: Ecosystems ; Ecology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Cette thèse est axée sur une analyse de la durabilité des pêcheries côtières qui aboutit sur la proposition d’un système d’indicateurs comme outil de gestion intégrée des ressources halieutiques sénégalaises. L’objectif est d’encourager une meilleure gouvernance de ces systèmes halieutiques et côtiers dont l’exploitation est caractérisée par la complexité, la multiplicité et l’interactivité de plusieurs facteurs écologiques, économiques et sociaux. La stratégie adoptée est fondée sur l’approche systémique à travers une vision multidimensionnelle et multi-acteurs s’appuyant sur le modèle PER (pression-état-réponse). Le diagnostic reflète une détérioration générale de l’état des écosystèmes côtiers nécessitant des mesures d’ajustement de la pression de pêche. Cependant, beaucoup de lacunes restent à combler pour une meilleure compréhension et un suivi plus rigoureux des mutations qui affectent la durabilité des pêcheries et la vulnérabilité globale des écosystèmes côtiers.
    Description: Thèse de Doctorat: Sciences Economiques, Spécialité Développement Soutenable Intégré Soutenue par Djiga THIAO, le 12 juin 2009 à Sète (FRANCE)
    Description: Published
    Description: pêcherie côtière; outil de gestion; ressources halieutiques; écosystéme; hydrologie; faune côtière; phytoplancton; flore marine; poisson; environnement; développement durable; température; salinité; tourisme; transport fluvial; zone côtière; upwelling
    Keywords: Sustainable fishing ; Inshore waters ; Coastal zone management ; Fisheries resources ; Ecosystem management ; Hydrology ; Phytoplankton ; Flora ; Coastal environment ; Sustainable development ; Zooplankton ; Ecology ; Temperature ; Salinity ; Tourism ; Rivers ; Upwelling
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Bachelor thesis
    Format: 299
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Iwik
    Description: Mauritania
    Description: Imraguen
    Description: PNBA
    Description: IMROP
    Keywords: Fishing methods ; Stock assessment ; Environmental effects ; Ecology ; Socioeconomic aspects
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Proceedings Paper , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Published
    Description: langoustes
    Description: marquage
    Description: poisson
    Keywords: Lobsters ; Biology ; Ecology ; Aquatic biology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2012. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 2 (2012): 553, doi:10.1038/srep00553.
    Description: Sea surface temperature imagery, satellite altimetry, and a surface drifter track reveal an unusual tilt in the Gulf Stream path that brought the Gulf Stream to 39.9°N near the Middle Atlantic Bight shelfbreak—200 km north of its mean position—in October 2011, while a large meander brought Gulf Stream water within 12 km of the shelfbreak in December 2011. Near-bottom temperature measurements from lobster traps on the outer continental shelf south of New England show distinct warming events (temperature increases exceeding 6°C) in November and December 2011. Moored profiler measurements over the continental slope show high salinities and temperatures, suggesting that the warm water on the continental shelf originated in the Gulf Stream. The combination of unusual water properties over the shelf and slope in late fall and the subsequent mild winter may affect seasonal stratification and habitat selection for marine life over the continental shelf in 2012.
    Description: Profiler data were made available by the Ocean Observatory Initiative (OOI) during the construction phase of the project. The OOI is funded by the National Science Foundation and managed by the Consortium for Ocean Leadership. Drifter data were provided by Tim Shaw and David Calhoun at Cape Fear Community College.GGGwas supported by NSFGrant OCE-1129125. RET was supported by the Postdoctoral Scholar Program at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, with funding provided by the Cooperative Institute for the North Atlantic Region. MA was supported by the Penzance Endowed Fund in Support of Assistant Scientists.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Climate change ; Atmospheric science ; Oceanography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © The Natural History Museum, 2012. This article is posted here by permission of Taylor & Francis for reuse for non-commercial purposes only. The definitive version was published in Systematics and Biodiversity 10 (2012): 1-20, doi:10.1080/14772000.2012.665095.
    Description: The time is ripe for a comprehensive mission to explore and document Earth's species. This calls for a campaign to educate and inspire the next generation of professional and citizen species explorers, investments in cyber-infrastructure and collections to meet the unique needs of the producers and consumers of taxonomic information, and the formation and coordination of a multi-institutional, international, transdisciplinary community of researchers, scholars and engineers with the shared objective of creating a comprehensive inventory of species and detailed map of the biosphere. We conclude that an ambitious goal to describe 10 million species in less than 50 years is attainable based on the strength of 250 years of progress, worldwide collections, existing experts, technological innovation and collaborative teamwork. Existing digitization projects are overcoming obstacles of the past, facilitating collaboration and mobilizing literature, data, images and specimens through cyber technologies. Charting the biosphere is enormously complex, yet necessary expertise can be found through partnerships with engineers, information scientists, sociologists, ecologists, climate scientists, conservation biologists, industrial project managers and taxon specialists, from agrostologists to zoophytologists. Benefits to society of the proposed mission would be profound, immediate and enduring, from detection of early responses of flora and fauna to climate change to opening access to evolutionary designs for solutions to countless practical problems. The impacts on the biodiversity, environmental and evolutionary sciences would be transformative, from ecosystem models calibrated in detail to comprehensive understanding of the origin and evolution of life over its 3.8 billion year history. The resultant cyber-enabled taxonomy, or cybertaxonomy, would open access to biodiversity data to developing nations, assure access to reliable data about species, and change how scientists and citizens alike access, use and think about biological diversity information.
    Description: Funds for the ‘Sustain What?’ workshop were provided by Arizona State University (Office of the President, International Institute for Species Exploration and Global Institute of Sustainability) and a grant from the US National Science Foundation (DEB-1102500 to QDW). Further support was provided by the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University and NSF (DEB-0316614 to SK).
    Keywords: Biodiversity ; Bioinformatics ; Biomimicry ; Biosphere ; Conservation ; Cyberinfrastructure ; Ecology ; Evolution ; International collaboration ; Organization of science ; Origins ; Species ; Sustainability ; Systematics ; Taxonomy ; Team work
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 78
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    Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution June 1989
    Description: This work comprises three detailed studies of ontogeny and ecology. In the first chapter, four living species of the ostracode genus Cyprideis were studied both morphologically and ecologically to determine whether differences in age at maturity are correlated with heterochrony as expected; accelerated maturity should yield generalized morphology and small size, while delayed maturity should produce specialized morphology and large size. Two of the four species show the expected pattern, the other two do not. Cyprideis does not support the generalization that life-history evolution causes heterochrony, and casts doubt on the inference of life-history evolution from heterochrony where the data are drawn exclusively from extinct forms. In the second chapter, populations of Globorotalia menardii and G. tumida were subjected to careful morphological analysis; the stable-isotopic composition of the growth stages revealed that both species inhabit the upper fifty meters of the ocean, descending to deeper water (75-l00m) for the emplacement of an enveloping calcite crust. The third chapter shows a simple relationship between proloculus size and rate of chamber expansion in the polar planktonic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma. The consequences for morphology of variations in ontogeny can be used to suggest ways of selecting specimens that minimize ontogenetic variations in shell chemistry.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Paleontology ; Ontogeny
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Thesis
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  • 79
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    Direction des Pêches Maritimes | Dakar (Sénégal)
    Publication Date: 2021-01-30
    Description: Published
    Description: mulet, reproduction, croissance, migration, écologie, stocks, type de pêche, débarquement, pêche continentale, engin de pêche, exploitation, parc piroguier, unité de pêche, transformation, commercialisation, pêche artisanale, fiscalité, permis de pêche, maillage, aire marine protégé, récif artisanal, effort de pêche
    Keywords: Mullet fisheries ; Reproduction ; Growth ; Migrations ; Ecology ; Stocks ; Landing statistics ; Inland fisheries ; Fishing gear ; Exploitation ; Canoe fisheries ; Marketing ; Artisanal fishing ; Fishing licenses ; Mesh regulations ; Protected areas ; Reef fisheries ; Fishing effort
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Book , Non-Refereed , Article
    Format: 44
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Standards in Genomic Sciences 9 (2014): 1251-1258, doi:10.4056/sigs.5749944.
    Description: The National Science Foundation’s EarthCube End User Workshop was held at USC’s Wrigley Marine Science Center on Catalina Island, California in August 2013. The workshop was designed to explore and characterise the needs and tools available to the community focusing on microbial and physical oceanography research with a particular focus on ‘omic research. The assembled researchers outlined the existing concerns regarding the vast data resources that are being generated, and how we will deal with these resources as their volume and diversity increases. Particular attention was focused on the tools for handling and analysing the existing data, and on the need for the construction and curation of diverse federated databases, as well as development of shared interoperable, “big-data capable” analytical tools. The key outputs from this workshop include (i) critical scientific challenges and cyberinfrastructure constraints, (ii) the current and future ocean ‘omics science grand challenges and questions, and (iii) data management, analytical and associated and cyber-infrastructure capabilities required to meet critical current and future scientific challenges. The main thrust of the meeting and the outcome of this report is a definition of the ‘omics tools, technologies and infrastructures that facilitate continued advance in ocean science biology, marine biogeochemistry, and biological oceanography.
    Description: We gratefully acknowledge support for the Ocean ‘Omics EarthCube end-user workshop by the Geo-sciences Division of the U.S. National Science Foundation.
    Keywords: Metagenomics ; Ocean science ; Ecology ; Evolution
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 81
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    Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution June 2014
    Description: Viral predation on bacteria in the ocean liberates carbon from the particulate fraction, where it is accessible to higher trophic levels, and redirects it to the dissolved fraction, where it supports microbial growth. Although viruses are highly abundant in the ocean little is known about how their interactions with bacteria are structured. This challenge arises because the diversity of both bacteria and viruses is exceedingly high and interactions between them are mediated by specific molecular interactions. This thesis uses heterotrophic bacteria of the genus Vibrio as a model to quantify virus-host interactions in light of host population structure and ecology. The methods developed in this thesis include streamlining of standard bacteriophage protocols, such as the agar overlay, and facilitate higher throughput in the isolation and characterization of novel environmental virus-host systems. Here, 〉1300 newly isolated Vibrio are assayed for infection by viral predators and susceptibility is found to be common, though total concentrations of predators are highly skewed, with most present at low abundance. The largest phylogenetically-resolved host range cross test available to date is conducted, using 260 viruses and 277 bacterial strains, and highly-specific viruses are found to be prevalent, with nearly half infecting only a single host in the panel. Observations of blocks of multiple viruses with nearly identical infection profiles infecting sets of highly-similar hosts suggest that increases in abundance of particular lineages of bacteria may be important in supporting the replication of highly specific viruses. The identification of highly similar virus genomes deriving from different sampling time points also suggests that interactions for some groups of viruses and hosts may be stable and persisting. Genome sequencing reveals that members of the largest broad host-range viral group recovered in the collection have sequence homology to non-tailed viruses, which have been shown to be dominant in the surface oceans but are underrepresented in culture collections. By integrating host population structure with sequencing of over 250 viral genomes it is found that viral groups are genomically cohesive and that closely-related and co-occurring populations of bacteria are subject to distinct regimes of viral predation.
    Description: I also gratefully acknowledge the WHOI Ocean Ventures Fund, which provided funding for the sequencing of over 250 viral genomes of the Nahant Collection and thereby contributed immensely to the impact of the thesis work presented here. Work presented in this thesis was also made possible by support from National Science Foundation grant DEB 0821391, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant P30- ES002109, the Moore Foundation and the Broad Institute’s SPARC program.
    Keywords: Host-virus relationships ; Bacteria ; Ecology
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Thesis
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Keywords: Ecology ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; General Decision Sciences ; Soil fauna ; Leaf litter ; DNA barcoding ; Biodiversity ; Restoration ecology ; Climate ; change ; Metabarcoding ; Tropical forest ; Systematic conservation planning ; Surveillance monitoring ; Targeted monitoring
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: We report initial results from an ongoing effort to build a library of DNA barcode sequences for Dutch spiders and investigate the utility of museum collections as a source of specimens for barcoding spiders. Source material for the library comes from a combination of specimens freshly collected in the field specifically for this project and museum specimens collected in the past. For the museum specimens, we focus on 31 species that have been frequently collected over the past several decades. A series of progressively older specimens representing these 31 species were selected for DNA barcoding. Based on the pattern of sequencing successes and failures, we find that smaller-bodied species expire before larger-bodied species as tissue sources for single-PCR standard DNA barcoding. Body size and age of oldest successful DNA barcode are significantly correlated after factoring out phylogenetic effects using independent contrasts analysis. We found some evidence that extracted DNA concentration is correlated with body size and inversely correlated with time since collection, but these relationships are neither strong nor consistent. DNA was extracted from all specimens using standard destructive techniques involving the removal and grinding of tissue. A subset of specimens was selected to evaluate nondestructive extraction. Nondestructive extractions significantly extended the DNA barcoding shelf life of museum specimens, especially small-bodied species, and yielded higher DNA concentrations compared to destructive extractions. All primary data are publically available through a Dryad archive and the Barcode of Life database.
    Keywords: Animal Science and Zoology ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 85
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    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 56 no. 3, pp. 225-228
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Pitcher plants of the family Nepenthaceae are vines or subscandent shrubs which produce modified leaf organs that in most species serve to attract, trap, retain and digest animals for nutritional benefit. The sole genus within the family, Nepenthes, is abundant and diverse in Malesia. Previous taxonomic treatments of Nepenthes have relied almost entirely on the morphological features of the plants, with characteristics of the pitchers, inflorescences, leaf blades and indumentum being the most informative. Recent ecological research demonstrates that unique morphological characteristics and trap geometries provide useful taxonomic information, but this is often lost or obscured when specimens are prepared for herbaria by pressing them. In this paper, we demonstrate the value of ecological information in distinguishing between controversial montane Bornean taxa and provide a revised protocol for the collection and preparation of Nepenthes specimens, which is designed to maximise the amount of ecological information retained in herbarium material.
    Keywords: Ecology ; herbarium specimens ; Nepenthes ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2024-04-18
    Keywords: Ecology ; Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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