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  • Other Sources  (30)
  • Articles (OceanRep)  (30)
  • Taylor & Francis  (29)
  • Institut für Polarökologie Kiel
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Springer Nature
  • 2020-2024  (30)
  • 1
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    Comparison of Kriging and artificial neural network models for the prediction of spatial data (2022)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-04
    Description: The prediction of a spatial variable is of particular importance when analyzing spatial data. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the performance of several prediction-based methods in spatial prediction through a simulation study. The studied methods include ordinary Kriging (OK), along with several neural network methods including Multi-Layer Perceptron network (MLP), Ensemble Neural Networks (ENN), and Radial Basis Function (RBF) network. We simulated several spatial datasets with three different scenarios due to changes in data stationarity and isotropy. The performance of methods was evaluated using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) indexes. Although the results of the simulation study revealed that the performance of the neural network in spatial prediction is weaker than the Kriging method, but it can still be a good competitor for Kriging.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 2
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    Whakaari/White Island: a review of New Zealand’s most active volcano (2021)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-04
    Description: Whakaari/White Island is a partially submerged, offshore andesite island volcano, located at the northern end of the Taupō Volcanic Zone. Since the late 1960s, volcanic activity has alternated between quiescence, unrest, and eruption on short timescales. For this review we compiled extensive observational records, examined the rich scientific literature, and use newly acquired data, to understand the broad volcanic history and system dynamics. Based on recent bathymetry data, we propose a distinction exists between the Whakaari edifice and Te Paepae o Aotea/Volkner Rocks, which were previously considered to be part of the same edifice. Geochemical analyses of scoria samples from the island have been used to build a magma system model where dominantly andesitic-dacitic magma is periodically intruded by basalt. More dynamic processes are recorded in the hydrothermal system, where the location and activity of fumarolic features have been ephemeral and the crater lake has varied in scale over short time intervals. Eruptions of the dominantly andesitic magma have historically been small and range from phreatomagmatic through to magmatic, largely depositing ash and scoria to a restricted distance that is confined to the main crater floor. Phreatic eruptions are the most common eruption style, based on recently observed and monitored activity.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 3
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    An aeromagnetic survey carried out using a rotary-wing UAV equipped with a low-cost magneto-inductive sensor (2021)
    Taylor & Francis
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    Publication Date: 2023-01-04
    Description: Recently, the aeromagnetic survey with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for mineral exploration has become ubiquitous. They can fly at a lower speed, lower altitude, need fewer crew members, and are cost-effective compared to traditional manned aeromagnetic. With the development of drones, magnetometers were also developed, which reduced the cost, weight, size, and energy consumption of these sensors. One of these sensors is the magneto-inductive magnetometer. This study investigates the integration of the UAV with a magneto-inductive sensor. We have performed an aeromagnetic survey along with six profiles and compared them with the terrestrial magnetic survey using a proton precision magnetometer. We show that the magneto-inductive sensor can sense Earth’s magnetic field’s change up to less than 60 nT. These results show the promising potential of using the UAV equipped with the magneto-inductive sensor to prospect the magnetic ore deposits.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
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    Tephrochronology in Aotearoa New Zealand (2021)
    Taylor & Francis
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    Publication Date: 2023-01-04
    Description: Tephra deposits in Aotearoa New Zealand (ANZ) have been studied for 〉180 years. The now-global discipline of tephrochronology, which has some developmental roots in ANZ, forms the basis of a powerful chronostratigraphic correlational tool and age-equivalent dating method for geological, volcanological, palaeoenvironmental, and archaeological research in ANZ. Its utility is founded on the key principle that tephras or cryptotephras provide widespread isochrons in many different environments. In the first part of this article, we summarise the history of tephra studies in ANZ and then describe how tephras have been mapped, characterised, and correlated using field and laboratory-based methods. We document advances in geochemical fingerprinting of glass; tephra/cryptotephra detection and correlation by sediment-core scanning methods (e.g. X-radiography, CT imaging, XRF elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility); statistical correlation methods; and dating of tephras/cryptotephras. We discuss the advent of ANZ cryptotephra studies (from mid-1970s) and their more-recent growth. The second part comprises examples of applications of tephrochronology in ANZ: climate-event stratigraphy (NZ-INTIMATE project); eruptive-event stratigraphy in the Auckland Volcanic Field; developments in the marine tephra record; advances in identifying, correlating, and dating old (pre-50 ka) tephras and weathered-tephra deposits; forming soils/paleosols on tephras; tephras and archaeology; Kopouatai bog tephrostratigraphy and palaeoenvironments; and volcanic-hazard assessments.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    New trends for macroalgal natural products applications (2021)
    Taylor & Francis
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    Publication Date: 2023-01-24
    Description: There is a significant interest in the usage of algae in everyday diet because of their positive influence on the gastrointestinal system due to the presence of high amounts of dietary fibres, while the presence of ω-3 fatty acids contributes to the protection of cardiovascular system. Algal derived polysaccharides are found in the food products as stabilisers, thickening agents and emulsifiers. In the cosmetic industry, algae are used in sunscreen, anti-age, anti-cellulite, moisturising and skin whitening products. These products can be used for the development of cosmeceuticals which contain algal derived bioactive compounds and they can exert a pharmaceutical therapeutic benefit. However, these compounds also have potential for being isolated and used for development of novel drugs against diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and diabetes. Present review provides information about algal compounds incorporated into various food, cosmetic or medicinal products, as well as their potential for health improvement was evaluated.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    Arid-adapted paradiaptomid copepods contribute to mosquito regulation (2020)
    Taylor & Francis
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    From Monodisciplinary via Multidisciplinary to an Interdisciplinary Approach Investigating Air-Sea Interactions – a SOLAS Initiative (2020)
    Taylor & Francis
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Understanding the physical and biogeochemical interactions and feedbacks between the ocean and atmosphere is a vital component of environmental and Earth system research. The ability to predict and respond to future environmental change relies on a detailed understanding of these processes. The Surface Ocean-Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) is an international research platform that focuses on the study of ocean-atmosphere interactions, for which Future Earth is a sponsor. SOLAS instigated a collaborative initiative process to connect efforts in the natural and social sciences related to these processes, as a contribution to the emerging Future Earth Ocean Knowledge-Action Network (Ocean KAN). This is imperative because many of the recent changes in the Earth system are anthropogenic. An understanding of adaptation and counteracting measures requires an alliance of scientists from both domains to bridge the gap between science and policy. To this end, three SOLAS research areas were targeted for a case study to determine a more effective method of interdisciplinary research: valuing carbon and the ocean’s role; air-sea interactions, policy and stewardship; and, air-sea interactions and the shipping industry.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    Updated seafloor topography and T phase seismicity at Monowai, northern Kermadec Arc (2020)
    Taylor & Francis
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Monowai is an active submarine volcanic centre in the Kermadec Arc, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Multi-beam data acquired during expedition SO225 aboard R/V SONNE in December 2012 indicates that the topography of the main stratocone has evolved significantly since the last survey in June 2011. Bathymetric measurements of the edifice reveal differences of up to 42 m in seafloor depth and indicate a net volume increase of ∼0.037 km3 across the summit area. Explosive volcanism observed onsite during the SO225 mapping campaign could be linked to a 20h-long swarm of unusually coherent T phase arrivals, suggesting that Monowai is a prime source of broadband seismic noise in the Southwest Pacific region during times of activity. Our findings further document the dynamic nature of volcanic processes at Monowai and have implications for future expedition planning.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    Residents’ perception of the consequences of industrial activities in Ilupeju, Southwestern Nigeria (2020)
    Taylor & Francis
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: This study examined the residential perceptions of industrial activities in Ilupeju, Lagos, Nigeria. The relevance of distance decay theory, which postulates that the magnitude of effects of the outputs from an industrial establishment would decrease with increasing distance from the point of origin, was tested in the study. Global Positioning System was used to capture the coordinates of the identified firms in Ilupeju. Additionally, two different sets of structured questionnaire were designed; the first set, which was distributed among the industrialists, sought information on the types of waste generated among others while the second set was randomly distributed among the residents and was used to elicit information on the types of pollution emanating from the industries, socioeconomic benefits, among others. The result shows that there is a significant variation in the perceived effects as people living within 0.5 km to the industrial sites claimed to suffer more pollution than those living 1.5 km away from the industrial sites, which is consistent with the distance decay theory. On the other hand, the distance decay theory cannot explain socioeconomic impacts such as increase in living costs, among others as they are felt around the study area irrespective of distance away from the industrial sites.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    Reactivity of Iron Minerals in the Seabed Toward Microbial Reduction – A Comparison of Different Extraction Techniques (2020)
    Taylor & Francis
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Dissimilatory iron reduction and sulfate reduction are the most important processes for anaerobic mineralization of organic carbon in marine sediments. The thermodynamics and kinetics of microbial Fe(III) reduction depend on the characteristics of the Fe(III) minerals, which influence the potential of Fe(III)-reducers to compete with sulfate-reducers for common organic substrates. In the present study, we tested different methods to quantify and characterize microbially reducible Fe(III) in sediments from a transect in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, using different standard sequential endpoint extractions and time-course extractions with either ascorbate or a Fe(III)-reducing microbial culture. Similar trends of increasing ‘reactive Fe’ content of the sediment along the fjord transect were found using the different extraction methods. However, the total amount of ‘reactive Fe’ extracted differed between the methods, due to different Fe dissolution mechanisms and different targeted Fe fractions. Time-course extractions additionally provided information on the reactivity and heterogeneity of the extracted Fe(III) minerals, which also impact the favorability for microbial reduction. Our results show which fractions of the existing Fe extraction protocols should be considered ‘reactive’ in the sense of being favorable for microbial Fe(III) reduction, which is important in studies on early diagenesis in marine sediments.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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