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  • Articles  (14,086)
  • International Union of Crystallography  (8,519)
  • Cambridge University Press  (4,419)
  • Society for Sedimentary Geology
  • 1975-1979  (9,980)
  • 1960-1964  (3,422)
  • 1935-1939  (684)
  • Geosciences  (14,086)
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  • Articles  (14,086)
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  • 1
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    University of Cambridge Natural Radiocarbon Measurements XIII (1975)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975-01-01
    Description: The dates presented here were calculated from measurements made at the University Radiocarbon Dating Research Laboratory mostly during 1973–74. The radioactivity of the samples was counted in gas proportional detectors, either silica lined (de Vries et al, 1959) or of pure copper, filled to 2 atmospheres pressure with pure carbon dioxide. The detectors were fixed in, and completely surrounded by, a plastic scintillator anticoincidence shield mounted inside a massive lead shield to protect against environmental radiation (Switsur, Hall and West, 1970). Modern sample gas was obtained from the combustion of ad 1845 to 1855 rings of an oak tree grown near Cambridge and felled in 1950. Background samples were prepared from Welsh anthracite. The contemporary sample was frequently compared with the activity of the NBS oxalic acid international standard. Age calculations were based on the 14C half-life of 5568 years and the uncertainty stated as one standard deviation calculated from the statistical analyses of sample and standards counting rates.
    Print ISSN: 0033-8222
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-5755
    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 2
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    Geological Survey of Canada Radiocarbon Dates II (1963)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1963-01-01
    Description: The accompanying date list includes age determinations completed during the period December 1, 1961 to November 1, 1962. All measurements were made with the 2 L counter described in our first date list (GSC I). Sample preparation, counting procedures, and calculation of dates were as described in GSC I except as outlined below: a.Base and acid treatments were carried out with 1N HCl and 2% NaOH instead of 2N HCl and 4% NaOH, because the less-concentrated solutions were still strong enough to accomplish the desired purification.b.The Mg(C104)2 drying columns were removed from the purification train in order to test their effect, if any, on the purity of the gas. Since there was no detectable change in the purity of the gas these columns were left out of the purification line.c.Ages were calculated using 0.950 of the activity of the N.B.S. oxalic-acid standard as the reference activity and a.d. 1950 as the zero reference year, in line with the recommendations of the editors of Radiocarbon.
    Print ISSN: 0033-8222
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-5755
    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 3
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    University of Texas Radiocarbon Dates I (1962)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1962-01-01
    Description: The C14Dating Laboratory of the University of Texas has been working on the development of two systems of counting: gas counting with methane, and liquid scintillation counting with benzene. Lack of adequate instrumentation has retarded the work on gas counting, but the liquid scintillation work, supported in part by the Department of Chemistry, finally led to the successful development of a system in which the benzene counting solvent was synthesized from acetylene by pyrolysis (Tamers, Stipp, and Collier, 1961).
    Print ISSN: 0033-8222
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    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 4
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    U. S. Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates VII (1964)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1964-01-01
    Description: This date list contains the results of measurements made during 1961, 1962 and 1963. The method of counting, utilizing acetylene gas, remains essentially unchanged, except for the addition of some solid state electronics. The method of computation, using the Libby half-life of 5568 ± 30 yr, is continued. The error listed is always larger than the one-sigma statistical counting error commonly used, and takes into account known uncertainty laboratory factors, and does not include external (field or atmospheric) variations.Unless otherwise stated, collectors of all samples are members of the U. S. Geological Survey.
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    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 5
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    Arizona Radiocarbon Dates IV (1963)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1963-01-01
    Description: C14 measurements reported here were made in this laboratory between December 1, 1961 and October 1, 1962. Sample descriptions are classified as follows: I.Tree-ring dated samples.II.Modern shells from Santa Barbara County, California.III.Archaeologic samples.IV.Palynologic samples.V.Geologic samples.VI.C14 content of caliche.VII.Water samples.VIII.Modern organic sample.
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    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 6
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    Pretreatment of Wood and Char Samples (1963)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1963-01-01
    Description: It has been shown that contamination from humic acids, chitin, fungal products, etc., contributing young carbon, and from bitumen and carbonate, contributing old carbon, may not be completely removed from wood and char samples by the usual hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatments of the samples. A procedure is offered for the isolation of a pure chemical substance from such samples, cellulose from wood and uncombined carbon from char, that must represent the original material. Cellulose is prepared by boiling the resin-free sample in 1.25% H2SO4 and 1.25% NaOH, adding Schweitzer's reagent, filtering, and precipitating from the filtrate by acidification. Uncombined carbon is separated from char samples as the flocculant precipitate remaining after boiling in 70% HNO3, followed by settling overnight from a large volume of 6M HNO3. A simple procedure for the chemical examination of char samples is also offered for the estimation of the amounts of bitumen, carbonate, combined, and uncombined carbon in char.
    Print ISSN: 0033-8222
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-5755
    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 7
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    RDC volume 4 Cover and Front matter (1962)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1962-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0033-8222
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    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 8
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    University of Michigan Radiocarbon Dates IX (1964)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1964-01-01
    Description: The following is a list of dates obtained since the time of the compilation of List VIII in December 1962. The method is essentially the same as that used for the work described in the previous list. Two CO2-CS2 Geiger counter systems are used. The equipment and counting techniques have been described elsewhere (Crane, 1961a, 1961b). The dates and the estimates of error in this list follow the practice recommended by the International Radiocarbon Dating Conference of 1962, in that (a) dates are computed on the basis of the Libby half life, 5570 years, (b) a.d. 1950 is used as the zero of the age scale and (c) the errors quoted are the standard deviations obtained from the numbers of counts only. In previous Michigan date lists up to and including VII we have quoted errors at least twice as great as the statistical errors of counting, in order to take account of other errors in the over-all process. If the reader wishes to obtain a standard deviation figure which will allow ample room for the many other sources of error in the dating process, we suggest he double the figures that are given in this list. Where there is no comment, it is because the submitter of the sample had none to make.We wish to acknowledge the help of Patricia Dahlstrom in preparing chemical samples and Roscoe Wilmeth in preparing the descriptions. The descriptions and comments are essentially those of persons submitting the samples.
    Print ISSN: 0033-8222
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    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 9
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    Stockholm Natural Radiocarbon Measurements V (1963)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1963-01-01
    Description: This date list includes samples and sample series finished between January and November 1962. It does not include samples from series not yet been completed, or samples of very limited scientific interest.
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    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 10
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    La Jolla Natural Radiocarbon Measurements II (1962)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1962-01-01
    Description: Since the publication of the last list of C14measurements (La Jolla I), covering the period from mid-1957 through 1959, the La Jolla Radiocarbon Laboratory has continued to use essentially the same technique. In the summer of 1961 a second Oeschger-Houtermans counter (Houtermans and Oeschger, 1958), purchased from Manufacture Belge de Campes et de Matériel Electronique, S. A., was installed. It has a somewhat higher background (3.1 counts/min at a filling pressure of 880 mm) than the counter obtained from Bern—a point of little significance in the measurements herein reported. Of the tests included in this report only those following LJ-380 were run with the new counter; the others, with the Bern counter.
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    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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