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  • Articles  (862)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (862)
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  • 1980-1984  (862)
  • Physics  (862)
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  • Articles  (862)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proton and photon-induced x-ray fluorescence intensity from a monolayer sample of complex chemical and granular composition (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 38-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A probability method is used to describe the processes of characteristic x-ray fluorescence excitation and absorption in a heterogeneous monolayer of particles. Based on this the analytical dependence of the characteristic x-ray peak intensity on the sizes and shape of particles, and the distribution of elements among the particles is inferred, for two kinds of spectrum excitation. Theoretical evaluations for applying boundaries of the ‘thin’ homogeneous layer model to a heterogeneous monolayer are given. The elements to be determined in unknown compositions are S, Fe and Pb.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130108
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Call for papers (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. v 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130113
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron ionization cross-sections for K, L and M shells (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 55-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The total cross-sections for ionization of K, L and M shells in various atoms have been calculated using first-order perturbation theory and Hartree-Slater wave functions. For K shells, the hydrogenic wave functions have been used. The systematic changes across the Periodic Table are discussed and the results of a Bethe parametrization are also given.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130204
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiative Auger transitions and their consideration in deconvolution of energy dispersive x-ray spectra (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 78-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The significance of Auger transitions as spectral components in energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectra is demonstrated. As a summary of fundamental studies on radiative Auger effects the calculation of their energies and relative intensities is demonstrated. These theoretical deductions result in a suitable incorporation in least-squares techniques by coupling the Auger transitions to the corresponding photopeak originating from the same type of primary vacancy as a function of energy. The simplifications involved, and the removal of systematic misinterpretations and of high correlations of model parameters, are discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130208
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sub-surface charging, a source of error in microprobe analysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 126-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Qualitative microprobe analysis of sodian potassian hydroxonian meta-autunite failed to reveal any sodium, although nearly 3% was present. Potassium, magnesium and calcium were underestimated to a smaller extent in related natural and synthetic structures. The effect is due to the migration of these interlayer cations from the analysed region - almost instantaneously in the case of sodium - and a consequent decrease in count rates, under the influence of the space-charge resulting from the incident electron beam. Experiments with the autunites and with a soda-glass subjected to various coating treatments showed that the effect of charging can be dramatic. Such charging also occurs when alkali metals are not present, a fact which has important implications for all microprobe analyses.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130308
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Routineverfahren zur serienanalytik geologischen materials mittels XRFS (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 142-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: In a geochemical exploration project, about 25 000 stream-sediment samples have been analysed. In a new multi-element technique, 36 elements have been determined by a combination of various methods. Optical spectroscopy with are and ICP excitation and wavelength- and energy-dispersive XRFS were used. An XRFS method is presented which allows the analysis of the fraction with particle diameter 〈 0. 18 mm for up to 30 elements with high precision over a large matrix range. The basic idea is to use a large number of reference samples with very different compositions for the calculation of the calibration line.
    Notes: Im Rahmen des österreichischen Rohstoff-Forschungsprojektes Geochemische Basisuntersuchung von Bach- und Flußsedimenten wurden mehr als 25 000 Proben einer Multielementanalytik auf 36 Elemente unterzogen. Neben optischer Spektroskopie mit Kohlebogen- und induktiv gekoppelter Plasmaanregung gelgangten wellenlangen- und energie-dispersive XRFS zum Einsatz. Es wird ein Verfahren beschrieben, das es ermoglicht, die Analyse der Fraktion mit einem Korndurchmesser 〈0.18 mm auf bis zu 30 Elemente rnit hoher Genauigkeit bei einer breiten Streuung des Matrixbereiches durchzufiihren. Der Grundgedanke dabei ist, eine große Zahl von gut analysierten Referenzproben verschiedenster Zusammensetzung fiir die Eichung heranzuziehen.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130310
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measuring the dead time of an x-ray spectrometer by means of the first- and second-order reflections method (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 44-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dead time of a Philips PW 1410 x-ray fluorescence spectrometer with a photon detector has been calculated employing intensities of first- and second-order reflections. The spread of the values obtained can be considered very satisfactory in the light of the experimental difficulties inherent in this method.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130109
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some possibilities for the use of so-called ‘differential’ correction equations in x-ray fluorescence analysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 16-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In connection with progress in the creation of differential and so-called differential methods of concentration correction, work has been carried out on the ordering of equations. It has been shown that it is possible to create three principal, complete systems of so-called differential concentration correction equations by (1) using the Claisse method, (2) using the method of function expansion in a Taylor series and (3) using a special method discussed in this paper. These equations can be used instead of the classical concentration correction methods. Moreover, it has been proved that the respective procedures can be used in the creation of expressions which are the analogues of classical intensity correction equations.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130104
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneity effects in direct x-ray fluorescence analysis of hair (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 27-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The methodology of direct hair analysis by energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence was studied. The effect on the XRF result of having a non-homogeneous radial distribution of the analyte in a single hair strand and the macroscopic effects in a bundle of hairs were calculated to evaluate possible systematic errors. The detection limits were mapped as a function of the target thickness and surface fraction. It appeared that a 10 mg cm-2 sample thickness, i. e. a target with about four layers of hair strands, is recommended. The standard deviation of this simple direct analytical method is 6-19% for some important elements. Discrepancies with neutron activation analysis had a mean value of around 15%. About twelve elements can be determined simultaneously on a routine basis.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130106
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical derivation of fluorescent x-ray intensities in x-ray fluorescence spectrochemical analysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 52-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The theoretical equations for primary, secondary and tertiary fluorescent x-ray intensities have been given by Shiraiwa and Fujino. However, their derivation is unsatisfactory in some respects. In this paper these problems are discussed and a more correct derivation is given.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130203
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984) 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130101
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Consideration of an enhancement effect simplified expression in limiting cases in x-ray fluorescence analysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 23-26 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The problem of a simplified expression for the enhancement term of correction equations in XRF analysis was treated using the example of binaries. Attention was paid to up-to-date propositions of a solution to that problem and new cases of solutions were considered. Some common elements of these solutions were found and on the basis of a fundamental expression of enhancement effects a more general equation is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130105
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis of silicate rocks for major and trace elementsAn earlier version of this paper was presented at the 12th X-Ray Spectrometry Conference, Durham, England, September 1980. (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 2-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The performance of an energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) system for the analysis of silicate rocks was investigated in detail. Data are presented to demonstrate the selection of optimum excitation conditions for the major elements (Na-Fe), analysed on glass beads, and the trace elements (particularly the Rb-Nb group) analysed on powder pellets. Limitations in spectrum analysis due to overlap interferences are discussed and have largely been overcome using x-ray profile fitting software. The results show that when operated under optimum excitation conditions, ED-XRF spectrometry can routinely achieve a high degree of accuracy and precision in the analysis of a wide range of major and trace elements in silicate rocks. For many elements, 2s standard deviations are better than 2% relative. Limits of determination for many trace elements are in the range 4-10 ppm.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130103
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the ash content of coal by multi-element x-ray fluorescence analysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 151-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method for determining the ash content of coal by measuring the x-ray fluorescence of Si, Al, Ca and Fe using a diffraction spectrometer is presented. The experiments were carried out on 72 samples of coal from different deposits. A mean standard deviation of the ash content of about 1. 65% was achieved.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130404
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PDIDENT - a set of programs for powder diffraction phase identification (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 172-179 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: PDIDENT is a collection of interactive computer programs which have been developed as aids for qualitative phase analysis of x-ray powder diffraction data. These FORTRAN IV programs are implemented on a DEC committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS) data base is accessed by the programs along with user-created data. The data base (sets 1-32) along with all cross-index files requires 9 Mbytes of storage. The packing of the data base, use of cross-index files and the algorithms and utility of the PDIDENT programs are described.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130410
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compton scattering of x-rays: Some observations (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 192-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A set of experimental observations pertaining to Compton scattering of low-energy x-ray photons by matrices containing very light elements is reported.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130414
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A fundamental parameter method for measurement of the thickness of pure element films by an EDX technique with a proportional detector (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 182-186 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Application of the fundamental parameter method to the determination of film thickness by an EDX technique with a proportional detector was performed by considering that x-rays striking the detector were composed of the following kinds: (1) the analyte line of the film excited directly by the primary beam, (2) the analyte line of the film excited secondarily by scattered or characteristic x-rays from the substrate and (3) scattered and characteristic x-rays from the substrate which passed through the film to be analysed. The intensity of all these types were considered theoretically, and the film thickness was evaluated by fitting the theoretical intensity of the x-rays striking the detector to the experimental intensity, by use of an iteration process. In addition, the accuracy of the theoretical values of intensities excited secondarily was verified by comparison with the experimental values.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130412
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melted sample (glass disk) ageing and its usability for x-ray emission spectrometry (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 148-150 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The usability of glass disks prepared from blast furnace slag samples as a function of age in x-ray emission spectrometry was investigated. Glass disks were prepared by melting sample and flux mixtures (Li2B4O7-Li2CO3-La2O3, 100: 10: 5) in the ratio 1: 100 at 1100°C for 30 min. The glass disks were examined by the ISIJ test. X-ray spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy were applied directly after preparation and again after 6, 12 and 18 months. A change in the surface of the glass disk and a decrease in the Ca Kα, Si Kα and S Kα line intensities with time were observed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130403
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative light element analysis using an energy dispersive detector. 1-Dead time and the low-energy spectrum (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 69-77 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A study of the low-energy region (below 1. 5 keV) of energy dispersive x-ray spectra has been carried out. Firstly, because some counting systems do not provide a reliable dead time correction, a new method of dealing with the problem is given. Next, the effects of different positioning of the energy discriminator within the analyser circuitry are discussed with reference to the consequences for light element analysis. Electronic noise counts can present a problem for analysis of x-rays of less than 300 eV and a straightforward method for noise removal is described. Finally, an unexpected artifact in the spectrum below 500 eV is identified; its size is related to the total number of counts in the spectrum and a practical method of dealing with it is demonstrated. Once the above factors have been taken into account a low energy spectrum is produced, consisting solely of characteristic x-ray lines and a true continuum background.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130207
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray fluorescence analysis of iron ore concentrates (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 87-90 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An x-ray method has been developed for the routine determination of many elements in iron ore concentrates. The combination of a glass disk technique, the α-coefficient method of correction and solution of linear equations yields a rapid and accurate method. The determination of eight elements was performed on different certified iron ore concentrates.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130210
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  • 21
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    Product news (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. viii 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130215
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984) 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130301
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  • 23
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    Fundamental algorithm between concentration and intensity in XRF analysis 1 - theory (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 115-120 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new formalism is proposed to correct with accuracy the matrix effects in x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. It has been deduced from Sherman's equations and includes a new algorithm between concentration and intensity, theoretically exact, and explicit expressions permitting the calculation of αij and ρij coefficients that correct for absorption and enhancement effects, respectively. In other words, the concept of correction coefficients is established on a solid theoretical basis. In the second part, it will be shown how to adapt this new formalism to practical situations. From an estimate of composition calculated by the Claisse-Quintin algorithm and an appropriate calibration, the new algorithm is used to refine the estimated composition for greater accuracy. This last approach is equivalent to the ‘fundamental parameters’ method but is presented in a simpler version adaptable to any mini-computer.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130306
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  • 24
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    Spectral intensity distributions from x-ray tubes. Calculated versus experimental evaluations (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 134-141 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Apart from their general importance, an accurate definition of spectral intensity distributions from x-ray tubes is required to support the development of mathematical matrix correction procedures for x-ray fluorescence analysis. Since a direct measurement is costly, time consuming and occasionally difficult, and a purely theoretical approach is not suitable for current utilization, a simple, readily adaptable calculation procedure is very desirable. Concerning the continuum or white radiation from the x-ray tube, such an evaluation was worked out by effecting (1) a modification to Kramers' law and (2) a refinement of the absorption correction regarding the absorption by the target itself. The new equation accounts very closely for the best known, carefully measured and corrected experimental distributions by Brown et al. and Loomis and Keith. Extended experiments are required to ensure systematization, and special steps are needed for the treatment of the characteristic radiation.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130309
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  • 25
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    Masthead (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984) 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130401
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  • 26
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    Study of some cobalt biomolecular complexes by x-ray absorption spectroscopy (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 153-155 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The fine structure in the vicinity of the K absorption edge of cobalt in some cobalt biomolecular complexes has been studied using a bent crystal x-ray spectrograph of the Cauchois type. The average metal - ligand bond length in these complexes has been determined by applying Levy's theory.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130405
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  • 27
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    Computer method for qualitative wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 187-191 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A computer method for the qualitative analysis of fluorescence spectra recorded with any analysing crystal and using any wavelength-dispersive x-ray spectrometer is described. Originally, the programs are designed for an Olivetti P 6066 computer without being on-line with the spectrometer. These programs may, of course, also be used with slight modifications with higher capacity and on-line computers, thus making the analysis easier and faster.
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    Product news (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. vi 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130114
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    Editorial (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 51-51 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300130202
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    Trace element analysis of silicates by means of energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 64-68 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Three methods for the energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometric analysis of trace elements in silicate rock samples were compared. The comparisons were based on three new USGS reference samples, DNC-1, W-2, and BIR-1, and two established reference samples, G-1 and W-1. A loose powder sample preparation was used in the analysis of selected trace elements, including Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb and Ba. For one method, the ratio of analyte line intensity to either Compton or Compton and Rayleigh scatter intensity for a series of standards was used to construct calibration graphs. The other two methods involved fundamental parameter calculations which required a knowledge of the total sample compositions in order to perform the necessary matrix corrections. The results showed good accuracy for all three methods, but those obtained from the ratio-calibration graph method were slightly better than those from the other two methods.
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    Conference report (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. vi 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Forthcoming meetings & conferences (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. vii 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    The stopping-power correction in proton-induced x-ray emission analysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 100-102 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The thick-target yield of characteristic x-rays from a series of gold-silver binary alloys has been determined experimentally (relative to the yield from the pure elements) under proton bombardment, using proton energies of 1. 5, 2. 0 and 2. 5 MeV. The yield per unit concentration of gold or silver varies with alloy composition because of the progressively varying effects of proton stopping power (specific energy loss) and x-ray self-absorption in the target materials. Theoretical yields have been calculated using tabulated data for stopping power and x-ray absorption. When both of these effects are taken into account, agreement with experiment is satisfactory. These results can be made the basis of stopping power and self-absorption corrections in proton-induced x-ray emission analysis.
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    Fundamental algorithm between concentration and intensity in XRF analysis 2 - practical applicationFor Part 1, see p. 115. (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 121-125 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In Part 1, a new formalism was proposed to correct with accuracy the matrix effects in XRF analysis. In this paper it is shown how to adapt this new formalism to practical situations. From an estimate of composition calculated by the Claisse-Quintin algorithm and an appropriate calibration, the new algorithm is used to refine the estimated composition for greater accuracy. This last approach is equivalent to the ‘fundamental parameters’ method but is presented in a simpler version adaptable to any mini-computer.
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    Announcement (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. viii 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    Non-destructive measurement of gas pressures in sealed halogen lamps by x-ray spectrometry (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 170-171 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray spectrometry has been used to determine the pressure of krypton gas in high-pressure halogen auto lamps. The method employs a standard diffraction tube, a special collimator and a solid-state detector.
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    Theoretical evalution of the efficiency of compton scattered radiation method in EDXRF analysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 166-169 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A theoretical evaluation of the efficiency of correction for the matrix absorption effect using Compton scattered x-rays in EDXRF analysis has been carried out for thick samples and for monoenergetic primary radiation. The limitations of this correction method and the procedure for the selection of the optimum excitation energy are presented.
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    μ/ρ Algorithm valid for 1 keV ≤ E ≤ 50 keV and 11 ≤ Z ≤ 83 (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 180-181 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Mass absorption coefficients can be calculated by this algorithm with programmable pocket calculators giving a standard deviation of about 5% when compared with McMaster's tables.
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    Forthcoming meetings & conferences (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. viii 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    Limitations in the use of the peak-to-background method for quantitative analysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 33-37 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The use of peak-to-background ratios has been suggested for the analysis of particles or rough surfaces as the peak-to-background ratio is assumed to be independent of geometry. The validity of this assumption is examined for flat specimens. It is shown that the peak-to-background ratio does not vary much with sample orientation but does vary with voltage, tending to a limit at high voltages. Methods of analysis using the peak-to-background ratio are proposed and the effects of fluorescence are discussed.
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    Normalization in x-ray microanalysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 49-49 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Principles of quantitative x-ray spectrometry. R. Tertian and F. Claisse. John Wiley, New York 1982.355 pp. $39.95 (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. vii 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Method of spectral background evaluation using higher energy peaks in x-ray energy analysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 110-114 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method for spectral background evaluation in x-ray energy analysis is proposed, based on a simple model of background generation in the detector. This model assumes that photons, of a given energy, interacting with the detector have probabilities of generating background counts within lower energy windows. The usefulness of the method resides in the fact that it allows a background evaluation with different levels of complexity and accuracy. The method also permits accurate background calculation with samples of variable mass and composition, such as biological and environmental materials.
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    Forthcoming meetings & conferences (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. v 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    Quantitative analysis of bulk samples without standards by using peak-to-background ratios (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 159-165 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method is described for the quantitative analysis of bulk specimens without standards by using peak-to-local background ratios in energy-dispersive electron probe microanalysis. Theoretical transport investigations have been used to derive an expression for the absolute determination of (P/B) ratios. Accurate measurement of the background below a peak is carried out without an exact knowledge of the surface geometry of the specimens. The advantages of this method are discussed in comparison with other correction procedures and the efficiency is demonstrated by means of quantitative analysis of nine binary specimens and two steel specimens.
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    Editorial (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 1-1 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Reflective properties of beryl and gypsum crystals in the 1 keV photon energy region (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 46-48 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Reflexion Curves from gypsum and beryl crystals have been calculated using the dynamic theory of x-ray diffraction, assuming that the crystal is perfect, and taking into account the photoabsorption of incident photons by the crystal. The calculations were performed for two values of photon energy: 851 eV (Ni Lα emission) and 1098 eV (Ga Lα emission). The results are discussed comparatively.
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    Masthead (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    A modification of Kramers' law for the x-ray continuum from thick targets (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 60-63 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The intensity of an x-ray continuum had been generated theoretically for incident electron energies between 10 and 45 keV, radiated photon energies between 2 and 40 keV and over the whole range of atomic numbers (from Z = 1 to 100). For these cases a relatively simple expression was found which shows the dependence of continuous radiation on the atomic number, incident electron energy and radiated energy. In order to compare observed intensities with this expression, we have made corrections for self-absorption in the target, for loss of ionization due to backscatter and for absorption by the exit window of an x-ray tube. Our expression provides a better description of experimental observations than dose Kramers' equation.
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    Solvent extraction-microdroplet x-ray fluorescence analyses of trace amounts of heavy metal ions (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 83-86 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Parts per billion amounts of heavy metal ions can be determined simultaneously by combining solvent extraction with microdroplet x-ray fluorescence measurement. The use of diisobutyl ketone as a solvent for the extraction of heavy metal ions with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate is effective for improving detection limits in x-ray analysis. A specially designed filter-paper is used as a sample medium in the microdropler x-ray fluorescence method and the volume of the droplets required for x-rey measurements is only 20-100 m̈l. The detection limits of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb ions are 15, 16, 8, 8, 13, 13, 40 ppb, respectively, for a 100-m̈l sample volume.
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    Evaluation of the use of Gaussian φ(ρz) curves in quantitative electron probe microanalysis: A new optimization (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 91-97 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A computer program based on the use of Gaussian expressions for the x-ray distribution with depth [φ(ρz)curves] was tested on its usefulness for quantitative electron probe microanalysis. As the good results originally claimed for a similar program could not be reproduced initially, it was subjected to a detailed analysis. As a result, some modifications in the approach are proposed. Apart from increasing the speed of calculation considerably, the modified expressions provide a better insight into the delicate balance which has to exit between the relevant quantities involved. After a new optimization process the modified program was tested on about 450 published microanalyses. The results show that the φ(ρz) approach is indeed very promising as a narrow histogram with an r. m. s. value of 5. 4% could be produced. Finally, some suggestions are made for future improvements.
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    Editorial (1984)
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    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 99-99 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    Monte Carlo simulation of the backscatter region in energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectra of homogeneous multi-element samples with an application to quantitative analysis (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 103-109 
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    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The backscatter region of an energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrum obtained by radioisotope photon excitation of a homogeneous, multi-element sample of any thickness is considered to be made up of a linear summation of several backscatter response spectra, each due to a constituent in the sample. A Monte Carlo computer program already developed for pure samples has been modified to generate these spectra and the results are compared with real spectra. The characteristic data used for each constituent in mixture and alloy samples, such as scattering cross-sections and Compton profiles, are those of pure elements. As for chemical-compound samples, an effective Compton profile is determined from a calibration graph and is used for all the constituent elements. It is shown that, for samples with unknown weight fractions, it is possible to generate the Ag Kα backscatter peaks dependent on such sample characteristics as density, thickness, approximate total cross-section determined from another calibration graph at the scattered photon energy and effective Compton profile. The unknown weight fractions for all the constituents, including those with very low atomic numbers, are then calculated by using the computer-simulated Ag Kα peaks for each constituent and a background spectrum as the standard library spectra of a linear least-squares program. The advantages and drawbacks of such a qualitative analysis together with future improvements are discussed.
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    Forthcoming meetings & conferences (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. viii 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Editorial (1984)
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    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 147-147 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    X-ray K absorption edges of cobalt and copper in their tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and formate di- and tetrahydrate (FDH) (FTH) compounds (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 13 (1984), S. 156-158 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: K absorption edge data for TPP and FDH compounds of cobalt and copper have been recorded. Edge position shifts, changes in edge widths and shifts in the position of first absorption maximum are discussed.
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    Masthead (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984) 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mas.1280030101
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    Reactions of nucleophiles in the gas phase-the last decade: an overview (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 1-37 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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    Mass spectrometry of metal-organic negative ions (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 39-84 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    Retro-Diels-Alder reaction in mass spectrometry (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 85-152 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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    Selected reviews on mass spectrometric topics (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 153-154 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Announcement (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 155-155 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    The formation and fragmentation of negative ions derived from organic molecules (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 161-207 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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    Applications of mass spectrometry to polymers (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 231-315 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Selected reviews on mass spectrometric topics (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 317-318 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Masthead (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984) 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Masthead (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Chemical ionization mass spectrometry of steroids and other lipids (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 319-355 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Signal-to-noise ratios in the measurement of low ion currents using electron multipliersEditor's note: This article is not a review. However, it is of interest to practicing mass spectroscopist because in it the authors address the question of the smallest ion current measurable with an electron multiplier. It is because of its general interest that the article is published in MSR (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 209-229 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    High-field-magnet mass spectrometry of biological molecules (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 357-394 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Mass spectra of tobacco isoprenoids (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 395-438 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Selected reviews on mass spectrometric topics: Stereochemistry (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 439-439 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Mechanistic studies by field ionization kinetics (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 445-477 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Masthead (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Mass spectrometry of bioorganic molecules containing small carbocycles (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 479-526 
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    ISSN: 0277-7037
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Selected reviews on mass spectrometric topics (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 587-587 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Applications of high-performance mass spectrometry to the surface analysis of materials (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 527-585 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
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    Instructions for Contributors (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 591-593 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    10th International mass specrtometry conference (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mass Spectrometry Reviews 3 (1984), S. 588-588 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Herman-wallis factors for Raman transitions of 1∑-state diatomic molecules (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 38-40 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Accurate theoretical expressions for Herman-Wallis factors for the pure rotational, fundamental and first two overtone vibration-rotational bands have been derived. These are expressed for arbitrary rotational quantum numbers in terms of the Dunham potential parameters and the coefficients of a general operator represented by a power series expansion. The inclusion of higher order corrections in a consistent way reduces the discrepancy reported by previous workers for H2 between results obatined numerically and analytically. The present expressions are of sufficient accuracy to enable one to obtain precise experimental values for the anisotropy of the polarizability and its derivatives from an analysis of Raman line intensities.
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    Raman study of the high-temperature phase transition of malonic acid (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 41-46 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman spectra of the high-temperature (α) phase of crystalline malonic acid, CH2(COOH)2, and its deuteriated derivative, CD2(COOD)2, have been investigated at 370 K in the wavenumber shift range 0-4000 cm-1. An assignment of the internal and external vibrations is given. Comparison of the infrared and Raman spectra of the α and β phases shows that the high-temperature phase (α) consists of quivalent centrosymmetric dimer rings and that the corresponding space group is C2h6—C2/c with molecules occupyging C2 sites. The temperature dependence of various Raman lines, in particular those due to lattice modes, indicates that the phase transition is of first order and that during the transition, reorientation of the molecules about the c axis is strongly coupled with the low-frequency torsional (γOH…O) and librational modes.
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    Masthead (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984) 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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    Application of the rotational diffusion model to the CARS spectra of high-temperature, high-pressure water vapour (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 71-79 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: CARS spectra of water vapour at elevated pressures (1-16 bar) and temperatures (300-800 K) have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. A theoretical model of the CARS spectrum of water vapour based on Gordon's rotational diffusion model was tested. The model was adapted to include the effects of vibrational relaxation and dephasing processes. Good agreement was found between experiment and theory for all conditions investigated. Rotational inelastic collisions are dominant and contribute approximately 65% to the overall individual molecular linewidths. As part of the data analysis a new measurement of dσ/dω (H2O)=1.10 × 10-34 ± 20% m2 sr-1 has been made.
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    Resonance Raman spectra and excitation profiles of some rifamycins (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 90-96 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The resonance Raman Spectra of rifamycin SV, its sodium salt and rifampicin have been investigated under various physical conditions. The excitation profiles of the strongest Raman bands have been measured using an Ar+ laser for excitation. The proposed vibrational assignment indicates that the group is the main portion of the chromophore for both rifamycin SV Na salt and rifampicin molecules. Excitation profile studies of the δ(C—O-) and ν(C—OH) vibrations indicate the presence of a single electronic transition in the visible region. In addition these two modes derive their intensities from 0-1 vibronic transitions whereas no evidence for the contribution due to the 0-0 term is found. This is explained in terms of coupling with the other totally symmetric modes and broadening due to phonon-electron interactions.
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    Resonance Raman spectra of iron(II) and ruthenium(II) complexes with perdeuteriated 2,2′-bipyridine (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 109-112 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Resonance enhanced Raman spectra are reported for the complexes M(bpy-d8)32+[M=Fe(II), Ru(II)] and Ru(bpy-d8)2Cl2, where bpy-d8 is perdeuteriated 2,2′-bipyridine. Correlations are made with the corresponding resonance enhanced modes of the hydrogen containing compounds for the spectra obtained in resonance with the visible metal to ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) absorption bands. In particular, the effect of in-plane C—H(D) deformation modes on the resonance active vibrations is discussed.
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    Unit cell group analysis of orthorhombic crystals: Detailed investigation of the effect of arbitrary choice of axes (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 122-127 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The results of the group theoretical analysis of the normal vibrations of crystals having orthorhombic space groups can depend on the arbitrary choice of axes because there is no unambiguous way to define a unique axis. This situation creates some confusion in the results published by different authors. We have investigated in detail the problem of the unit cell group analysis of the orthorhombic structures D2h and D2 and the results are presented in two tables for practical applications. It is shown that it is possible to express the irreducible representations as a function of experimental parameters, which gives a clearer view of the physical situation than the conventional notation (Ag etc.).
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    Micro-Raman spectroscopy of chromosomes (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 268-272 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman spectra of intact chromosomes (Chinese hamster), recorded with a microspectrometer, are reported. The spectra could be assigned to protein and DNA contributions. Protein and DNA conformations and the ratio of base pairs in DNA were determined.
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    Raman spectroscopic detection of a low-temperature structural phase transition in distearoyl phosphatidylcholine bilayersIssued as NRCC publication No. 22868. (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 277-281 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A new structural phase change at - 6 °C was found in aqueous dispersions of distearoyl phosphatidylcholine. The thermotropic gel-gel phase transition at -6 °C exhibits first-order characteristics and is equivalent to the barotropic phase transition on chain length is discussed.
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    Experimental observation of the Raman spectrum of 1-Methylsilatrane hydrochloride (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 293-295 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman spectrum of 1-methylsilatrane hydrochloride has been recorded. The disappearance of the 354 cm-1 band, found in the spectrum of 1-methylsilatrane, is in agreement with the assignment of this vibration to the Si—N stretching mode on the basis of a previous a priori normal coordinate treatment.
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    The CH3 asymmetric stretchings of p-halogenotoluenes (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 297-299 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The vibrational spectra of p-halogenotoluenes and o-fluorotoluene in the region of the CH3 asymmetric stretchings are reported. The observed bands at 2997, 2987, 2975 and 2945 cm-1 at 77 K in p-fluorotoluene are asslgned to the B2, A1, A2 and B1 modes, respectively, on the basis of the C20 symmetry. Two Raman bands at 2971 and 2945 cm-1 at 77 K in p-chlorotoluene are assigned to the B2 and B1 modes, respectively, where the former in the liquid state is a polarized band and is assigned also to the A1 mode. This is also true for p-bromotoluene.
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    Raman and infrared spectra of the 7-cis and di-cis isomers of retinal (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 300-307 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman and infrared spectra of the 7-cis, 9-cis, 11-cis, 9-cis, 13-cis and 11-cis, 13-cis isomers of retinal have been recorded for the first time. The spectra of the all-trans, 9-cis, 11-cis and 13-cis isomers were also recorded for comparison. The isomers were isolated from a photoisomerization mixture of the all-trans isomer and their configurations were identified by means of 1H NMR or Raman spectroscopy. The Raman spectra of the isomers in CCl4 solution were recorded using a flow method, the 457.9 nm line of an Ar+ laser and a Raman spectrometer equipped with a multichannel detector; their infrared spectra were recorded by using an FT-IR spectrophotometer. Comparison of the Raman spectra of the mono-cis isomers revealed key bands which, discriminate between unmethylated-cis (7-cis and 11-cis) and methylated-cis (9-cis and 13-cis) configurations. The key bands were related to local vibrations around the particular cis double bond. Unmethylated-cis configurations show (1) a unique band around 1280-1270 cm-1 due to a coupled mode of A1 type (with reference to the local symmetry C2ν of the cis-C—CH=CH—C group) consisting of the two C—H in-plane bendings and the C=C stretching, (2) a stronger band at 969 cm-1 ascribable to an A2-type coupled mode consisting of the two C—H out-of-plane waggings and the C=C torsion and (3) a unique band at 563 cm-1, tentatively related to an A-type coupled mode consisting of the C—C=C and C=C—C deformations. Methylated-cis configurations show a stronger Raman band around 880 cm-1 due to C—Me stretchings. Raman bands characteristic of each cis configuration (7-cis, 9-cis, 11-cis or 13-cis) also are discussed.
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    Resonance Raman spectra and excitation profiles of tetradesmethyl-β-Carotene (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 331-335 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Resonance Raman spectra of tetradesmethyl-β-carotene were recorded using nine laser lines in the visible region. In a KBr disk at 77 K, two strong fundamental bands (1523 and 1133 cm-1) and their overtone and combination bands were observed to the fifth overtone region. Excitation profiles of nine Raman bands, including overtone and combination bands, were measured in isopentane solutions at 185 K. These were simulated by a simple two-dimensional model based on Albrecht's A-term, and a reliable set of parameters corresponding to the structure differences between the excited and ground electronic states was determined. The agreement between the observed and calculated excitation profiles was excellent, showing the adequacy of the model adopted.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250150508
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    Raman tensor tables. MX3 moleculesIssued as CSIC. No. FM47. (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 4-9 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Formulae for the absolute differential Raman scattering cross-sections of fundamental modes of gases, liquids and solids as a function of the invariants of the Raman tensors are reviewed. Explicit expresslons for the Raman tensors of planar and pyramidal MX3 molecules are reported in terms of bond polarizability parameters. For the pyramidal MX3 Molecules the coefficients of these expressions cannot be summarized easily in simple formulae since they depend on the atomic masses and on the tribedral angle of the pyramid, but numerical values are tabulated for 27 molecules and ions. Several approximations of the bond polarizability model are briefly reviewed in connection with the expressions for the Raman tensors.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250150103
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    Investigation of broad molecular absorption bands with the help of line shape analysis in coherent Raman scattering experiments (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 20-28 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The line shape observed in coherent Raman scattering (CRS) with excitation under conditions of electronic resonance is discussed, For the case of A-type scattering, the complex Raman amplitude is related directly to the molecular one-photon absorbance of the resonance transition concerned. The basis for this relation is transform theory, a method known from spontaneous resonance Raman scattering to relate the Raman excitation profile to the observed molecular absorbance. Features of the Raman amplitude, determining the observed line shapes for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and for coherent Stokes Raman scattering (CSRS), are discussed qualitatively. The discussion considers two typical forms in which broad molecular absorption spectra of polyatomic molecules in the condensed phases appear, Inhomogeneous broadening leads to characteristic changes of the Raman amplitude in relation to molecular absorbance in the case of CSRS (formolecules in the electronic ground state), whereas for CARS the relation derived in the homogeneous broadened case remains valid. The special advantages of the CRS technique for determining the complex non-Raman resonant (background) susceptibility from concentration dependence are demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250150106
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    Analyse Vibrationnelle et Structurale des Acides Cyclobutanedicarboxyliques-1,2-cis et -trans et de Leurs Sels de Potassium en Solution Aqueuse (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 386-392 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Raman and infrared spectra of cis- and trans-1,2-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acids in aqueous solution and their potassium salts have been investigated. The absence of symmetry is in favour of a non-planar conformation for all these compounds. An assignment of fundamental vibrations is given.
    Notes: Les spectres Raman et infrarouge des acides cyclobutanedicarboxyliques-1,2-cis et -trans en solution aqueuse et de leurs sels de potassium ont été analysés. L'absence de symétrie est en faveur d'une conformation plissée pour tous les composés. Une attribution des fréquences de vibration est proposée.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250150606
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  • 96
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    Raman and infrared spectra of crystalline methyl iodide (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 406-410 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman and infrared spectra of polycrystalline samples of CH3I and CD3I were recorded at temperatures between 20 K and the melting point, 209 K. No evidence for a solid-state phase transition was found. New splittings of the internal modes and more complete lattice spectra were observed at lower temperatures. An assignment of all principal bands is proposed, based on the known molecular and crystal structures.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250150610
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    Analysis of polarization measurements in Raman microspectroscopy (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 103-108 
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    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman back-scattering of isotropic and single-crystal samples is analyzed using the known optical properties of wide-aperture objectives and apparent depolarization ratios obtained in Raman microspectroscopy are considered.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250150207
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  • 98
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    Raman and infrared rotation-vibration spectra of the ν1 Band of D14N3 (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 113-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The rotational structure of the ν1 band of D14N3 in the wavenumber region 2200-2600 cm-1 has been measured by means of Raman spectroscopy with a resolution of 0.3 cm-1. Both components of the hybrid band were observed. In addition, an infrared spectrum of the same wavenumber region was recorded with a resolution of 0.07 cm-1. In the infrared experiment mainly the parallel component was observed. The molecular parameters determined from the observed wavenumbers in the Raman spectrum are (ν0)1=2478.32 (1) cm-1, A1 = -11.096 (1) cm-1,½(B1 + C1)=0.37187 (4) cm-1, (DK)1 = 2.85 (2) × 10-3cm-1 and (HK)0 = 2.7 (4) × 10-6 cm-1. From the infrared spectrum the following values were obtained: (ν0)1 = 2478.451 (3) cm-1, A1 = 11.0902 (4) cm-1, B1 = 0.378186 (9) cm-1, C1 = 0.365032 (9) cm-1, (DK)1 = 2.69 (2) × 10-3 cm-1 in addition to values for (D1)1 and (DJK)1. The discrepancy between the values for (ν0)1 obtained from the two experiments is mainly due to uncertainties in the absolute calibration and to differences in the intensity distributions of the unresolved Q-branch lines in the two types of experiments.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250150209
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    Anharmonic effects in Raman-active modes of PbCl2 (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 128-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The behaviour of representative lines in the room temperature Raman spectrum of PbCl2 under the influence of a high hydrostatic pressure (up to 80 kbar) is reported. Pressure derivatives and mode Grüneisen parameters are calculated for 13 of the 18 Raman-active modes. Combining these results with previous data for the temperature dependence of these phono frequencies, the implicit (thermal expansion) and explicit (vibrational amplitude-driven) contributions are separated from ωj(T). This separation shows that anharmonic effects are stronger for vibrations involving motion of chlorine ions than for those involving only lead atoms.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250150212
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    Vibrational spectra of tribromoacetonitrile and [15N] tribromoacetonitrile (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 15 (1984), S. 132-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The IR and the low-frequency Raman spectra of liquid tribromoacetonitrile and its 15N isotopic derivative were recorded and assigned on the basis of isotopic shifts and depolarization ratios. The isotopic product rule has been successfully applied by assuming a CNDO optimized geometry.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250150213
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