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  • Seismics (controlled source seismology)
  • Stress
  • Springer  (17)
  • Elsevier  (6)
  • Dt. Geophys. Ges.  (2)
  • Wiley
  • 1985-1989  (25)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress and physiological, behavioral and performance patterns of children under varied air ion levels (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 32 (1988), S. 260-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Negative air ions ; Stress ; Performance pattern ; Behavior ; School children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The possibility that individual differences in reactivity to stressors are a major factor underlying discordant results reported for air ion studies prompted an investigation of response patterns in school children under both normal indoor air ion levels and moderately increased negative air ion levels (4000±500/cm3). It was hypothesized that the impact of stressors is reduced with high negative air ionization, and that resultant changes in stress effects would be differentially exhibited according to the children's normal degree of stimulus reactivity. A counter-balanced, replicative, withinssubject design was selected, and the subjects were 12 environmentally sensitive, 1st–4th grade school children. In addition to monitoring stress effects on activity level, attention span, concentration to task and conceptual performance, measures were also made of urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid levels and skin resistance response (SRR) to determine if changes extended to the physiological state. The cold water test was used to add physical stress and enable calculations of Lacey's autonomic lability scores (ALS) as indicators of individual reactivity. The results show main effects for air ions on both physiological parameters, with 48% less change in %SRR (P〈0.01) and 46% less change in urinary 5-HIAA levels (P〈0.055) during negative air ions, indicating increased stress tolerance. Strong interactive effects for ALS x air ion condition appeared, with high and low ALS children reacting oppositely to negative air ions in measures of skin resistance level (P〈0.01), wrist activity (P〈0.01) and digit span backwards (P〈0.004). Thus individual differences in autonomic reactivity and the presence or absence of stressors appear as critical elements for internal validity, and in preventing consequent skewed results from obscuring progress in air ion research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01080025
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability of the grass Phragmites australis in relation to the behaviour and mortality of the gall-inducing midge Giraudiella inclusa (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) (1988)
    Springer
    Oecologia 76 (1988), S. 504-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Variability of grasses ; Gall maker ; Stress ; Habitat selection ; Phragmites australis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Variability within and between shoots of the grass Phragmites australis proved to be important for both survival (successful gall induction) and reproduction (larval weight) of the gall-inducing midge Giraudiella inclusa. The ovipositing females and the migrating first instar larvae chose a predictable microhabitat within shoots and within internodes characterized by a high nutritional quality (nitrogen, mineral content, sugar, water) and reduced palnt defense properties (silicate). Clutch size increased with the shoot diameter, larval scramble competition could not be detected. Female shoot selection was random, although the chances of successful gall induction greatly differed between shoots. Thick and intact shoots (≥6 mm) led to a high larval mortality. But thick shoots destroyed apically by stem-mining caterpillars (of the noctuid moth Archanara geminipuncta) had on average large gall clusters. Accordingly, the adjustment of the clutch size to the shoot diameter resulted in an advantage for the gall midge females only when shoots were thin and short (i.e. stressed by water and nutrient deficiency) or heavily damage (i.e. stressed) by caterpillars. Thus, the monophagous gall maker G. inclusa did not compensate for all features of intershoot variation of P. australis, although grasses are well-known for their simple plant architecture and their low diversity and low concentration of secondary compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397861
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The response of the filamentous cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis to salt stress (1988)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 150 (1988), S. 417-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Cyanobacterium ; Spirulina ; Growth ; Stress ; Photosynthesis ; Respiration ; NaCl, Na+, K+
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The responses of the filamentous cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis to increased NaCl concentrations (0.25–1.0 M) in addition to the concentration of sodium in the growth medium were studied. A two stage response to the salt stress was observed. This consisted of a relatively short shock stage, followed by adaptation process. It was shown that upon exposure to high salt concentrations of 0.5 M and above, immediate inhibition of photosynthesis and respiration, and complete cessation of growth occurred. After a time lag, the energy-yielding processes exhibited restored activity. At 0.5 and 1.0M NaCl photosynthesis reached 80% and 50% that of the control, while respiration was enhanced by 140 and 200%, respectively. The time lags were longer when the cells were exposed to higher NaCl concentrations. The resumption of growth and the establishment of new steady state growth rates were found to be correlated to the recovery in respiration. The relationship between the growth rates after adaptation and the increased NaCl concentrations was found to be inversely linear. The cellular sodium content was maintained at a constant low level, regardless of the external NaCl concentration, while potassium content declined linearly vs. the external NaCl concentration. The carbohydrate content of the cells rose exponentially with the increase in NaCl concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422279
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allometric relations of total volumes of prolactin cells and corticotropic cells to body length in the annual cyprinodont Cynolebias whitei: effects of environmental salinity, stress and ageing (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 249 (1987), S. 691-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Prolactin cells ; ACTH cells ; Allometric growth ; Osmoregulation ; Stress ; Cynolebias whitei
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An analysis of the allometric relations of the total volumes occupied by prolactin (PRL) and corticotropic (ACTH) cells (PRL volume and ACTH volume, respectively) to body length and a study of the immunocytochemical staining intensity of PRL and ACTH cells were used to determine the differences in activity of PRL and ACTH cells in freshwater-reared and in saltwater-reared Cynolebias whitei during the entire lifespan of this annual cyprinodont fish. An inflection in the allometric relation of PRL volume to body length was observed in fish of one-week old. The relatively large PRL volume in younger fish may be related to PRL cell activity before hatching. No inflections were observed in the allometric relations of PRL volume and ACTH volume to body length at the onset of maturation and the onset of ageing, indicating that the increased pituitary growth in maturing and ageing C. whitei is not the result of changes in PRL or ACTH cells. The slope of the allometric relation of PRL volume to body length in freshwater-reared fish was significantly steeper than the slope in saltwater-reared fish. The PRL volume in adult freshwater-reared fish was eight times larger than that in saltwater-reared fish of the same length. The intensity of immunocytochemical staining of saltwater PRL cells was significantly reduced. These volumetric and staining differences correspond to the low functional demand put upon PRL cells in saltwater-adapted fish. In contrast, the slope of the allometric relation of ACTH volume to body length and the intensity of immunocytochemical staining of ACTH cells were similar in freshwater-reared and in saltwater-reared fish. It is concluded that the functional demand put upon ACTH cells is similar in freshwater-reared and saltwater-reared C. whitei; the involvement of ACTH cells in the osmoregulation of the fish in both environments is similar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217341
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cauliflower mosaic virus gene VI causes growth suppression, development of necrotic spots and expression of defence-related genes in transgenic tobacco plants (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 216 (1989), S. 188-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Cauliflower mosaic virus gene VI ; Transgenic tobacco plants ; Pathogenesis-related proteins ; Stress ; Symptom expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In order to study possible functions of the inclusion body matrix protein (IBMP) encoded by gene VI of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), the XbaI fragment containing the gene VI of a Japanese strain of CaMV (CaMV S-Japan) was transferred to tobacco plants by Ti mediated transformation. Eight out of 18 kanamycin resistant plants (40%) expressed detectable levels of IBMP. Those transgenic plants expressing IBMP produced leaves with light green color, and their growth was suppressed as compared with control plants. Symptom-like necrotic spots also appeared on the leaves and stems of the mature transgenic plants. Furthermore, in these transgenic plants, pathogenesis-related proteins 1a, 1b and 1c were highly expressed and the activity of 1,3-β-glucanase was increased up to eightfold. From these results, we concluded that expression of the IBMP is associated with symptom development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334355
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon assimilation in contrasting streamside and inland Spartina alterniflora salt marsh (1988)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 76 (1988), S. 55-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; Biomass ; Louisiana ; Photosynthesis ; Stomatal conductance ; Stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Carbon assimilation and standing crop biomass of Spartina alterniflora were studied in a contrasting streamside and inland salt marsh in Louisiana Gulf coast, USA. A substantially lower leaf dry weight, leaf area index, and standing crop biomass were recorded for inland plants as compared to streamside plants. Net assimilation rates ranged between 8 to 25 μmol m−2 s−1 for streamside and between 4 to 19 μmol m−2 s−1 for inland plants. The average photosynthetic rates were significantly lower for inland plants which were growing in an apparently more stressed environment. In addition, the differences were more profound with progression of the growing season. The reduced photosynthetic activity in the inland marsh was attributed to greater soil waterlogging, increased anaerobic root respiration, plant toxins (sulfide), restricted nutrient uptake or a combination of these factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00047388
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidative stress (1989)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 11 (1989), S. 199-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Keywords: Cataract ; Free radicals ; Multiple organ failure ; Oxygen ; Reflex sympathetic dystrophy ; Respiratory distress syndrome, adult ; Stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The early involvement of free radicals in the evolution of life may explain their ubiquitous presence and vital physiological role. Imbalance between protection against free radicals and their generation, explains the likely association of various diseases with toxic oxygen species. An elaborate defence system against oxygen-free radicals exists. The effects of oxidative stress are manifold. Direct demonstration of oxygen radicals in intact biological systems is difficult. Frequently, effect-related measurements are used in this respect. The clinical conditions adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure, reflex sympathetic dystrophy and sugar cataract are discussed and the role of oxygen radicals in the aetiology of these diseases are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01959411
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incorporation of phosphorus efficiency from exotic germplasm into agriculturally adapted germplasm of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 99 (1987), S. 175-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Bean ; Breeding ; Inbred backcross ; Stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The growth of inbred backcross (IB) lines derived from the cross of the phosphorus (P)-efficient donor parent (PI 206002) and the recurrent parent (cultivar Sanilac) was measured in low-P nutrient solution culture and in a field nursery on a soil moderately deficient in P. Several IB lines that resembled ‘Sanilac’ in general morphology were identified as P-efficient in the nutrient solution culture (10 to 25% more shoot dry weight accumulation than ‘Sanilac’). In general, these lines accumulated 30 to 50% more shoot dry weight and more P in the shoot tissue at first flower than ‘Sanilac’ in the low-P field plot but did not differ from ‘Sanilac’ in a field plot amended with P fertilizer. Some IB lines with seed yields higher than ‘Sanilac’ may have both the vegetative P efficiency of PI 206002 and the ability to convert this growth into seed production. Transfer of a quantitative trait such as P efficiency using the inbred backcross breeding method and preliminary evaluation of the IB lines in nutrient solution culture before field testing were shown to be useful techniques for developing common bean germplasm tolerant to soils low in available P. These genetically related lines should also be useful for physiological studies of P nutrition in common bean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370164
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allelopathic compounds in soil from no tillagevs conventional tillage in wheat production (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 98 (1987), S. 5-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Allelopathy ; Bioassay ; Mass ; Soil ; Spectrometry ; Stress ; Tillage ; Wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Incorporating allelopathy into agricultural management may reduce the use of herbicides, cause less pollution, and diminish autotoxic hazards. Authentic inhibitors isolated from plant material have been subjects for examinationin vitro, but attempts to compare their effects in soils are limited. Soils contain a heterogeneous collection of organic matter of various origins. Organic solvents and water extracts prepared from monoculture wheat soils under conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT) indicated that both soils contain some inhibitory compounds. The CGC/MS/DA of some of the organics is presented. Selected organics from CT and NT as well as allelopathic and autotoxic effects are described and discussed. The relationship between the wheat yeilds in CT and NT and the possible biological stress is indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02381722
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salt-tolerant crops: origins, development, and prospects of the concept (1985)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 89 (1985), S. 187-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Breeding ; Genotypes ; Halophytes ; Saline water ; Salt-affected soils ; Selection ; Stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The genetic approach to the problems posed by salt-affected soils and water,i.e., breeding crops resistant to salinity stress, is traced to two principal origins: the European ecological interest in halophytes, and the exigencies of growing crops in the arid and semi-arid lands of the American West. The point is made that breeding for resistance to salinity stress cannot be divorced from breeding for various other desirable traits of mineral plant nutrition and metabolism. A survey is conducted of the existing body of information on breeding for desiderata of mineral nutrition in general and salt tolerance in particular. The prospects of breeding crops for salt tolerance are discussed, with emphasis on a) its relation to breeding for resistance to other mineral stresses; b) field trials; c) collaboration between plant physiologists and geneticist-breeders; and d) extensive exploration of germplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02182242
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