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  • Column liquid chromatography  (349)
  • General Chemistry
  • Humans
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
  • Springer  (351)
  • 1985-1989  (351)
  • 1960-1964
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The compositional distribution of coding sequences and DNA molecules in humans and murids (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 27 (1988), S. 311-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Genome composition ; Coding sequences ; Isochores ; Humans ; Murids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The compositional distributions of coding sequences and DNA molecules (in the 50-100-kb range) are remarkably narrower in murids (rat and mouse) compared to humans (as well as to all other mammals explored so far). In murids, both distributions begin at higher and end at lower GC values. A comparison of homologous coding sequences from murids and humans revealed that their different compositional distributions are due to differences in GC levels in all three codon positions, particularly of genes located at both ends of the distribution. In turn, these differences are responsible for differences in both codon usage and amino acids. When GC levels at first+second codon positions and third codon positions, respectively, of murid genes are plotted against corresponding GC levels of homologous human genes, linear relationships (with very high correlation coefficients and slopes of about 0.78 and 0.60, respectively) are found. This indicates a conservation of the order of GC levels in homologous genes from humans and murids. (The same comparison for mouse and rat genes indicates a conservation of GC levels of homologous genes.) A similar linear relationship was observed when plotting GC levels of corresponding DNA fractions (as obtained by density gradient centrifugation in the presence of a sequence-specific ligand) from mouse and human. These findings indicate that orderly compositional changes affecting not only coding sequences but also noncoding sequences took place since the divergence of murids. Such directional fixations of mutations point to the existence of selective pressures affecting the genome as a whole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02101193
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implementation of periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate staining for ultrastructural assessment of muscle glycogen utilization during exercise (1985)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 242 (1985), S. 229-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Skeletal muscles ; Ultrastructure ; Exercise ; Glycogen ; Humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Distribution of glycogen particles in semithin and ultrathin sections of biopsy samples from human muscles subjected to either short- or long-term running were investigated using PAS and Periodic Acid-ThioSemiCarbazide-Silver Proteinate (PA-TSC-SP) staining methods. Glycogen particles were predominantly found immediately under the sarcolemma or aligned along the myofibrillar Iband. After long-term exhaustive exercise type-1 fibers with a few or no glycogen particles in the core of the fibers were frequently observed. The subsarcolemmal glycogen stores of these “depleted” type-1 fibers were about three times as large as after exhaustive short-time exercise. Another indication of utilization of subsarcolemmal glycogen stores during anaerobic exercise was that many particles displayed a pale, rudimentary shape. This observation suggests fragmental metabolization of glycogen. Thus, depending on type of exercise and type of fiber differential and sequential glycogen utilization patterns can be observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225582
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rapid quantitative analysis of codeine phosphate drug substance by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (1985)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 20 (1985), S. 289-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Reversed-phase ; Codeine phosphate drug substance ; Opium alkaloids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A rapid procedure for the evaluation of codeine phosphate drug substance derived from poppy straw or opium concentrate is described. The gradient HPLC procedure employs a pH 2.5 phosphate buffer, methanol and acetonitrile mobile phase at 40°C and a μBondapak C-18 column. Eight opium alkaloids, including the four major alkaloids, are separated from each other. The paper describes details of the assay procedure and presents data documenting the linearity, specificity, precision, and sensitivity of the method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02310385
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The new generation of L. C. columns; A critical evaluation of their systems compatibility and performance (1985)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 20 (1985), S. 335-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; External variance determinations ; Column and system compatibility ; Microbore and fast LC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The demand for faster, more economic and convenient high-efficiency LC analyses has led to the development of microbore and fast columns. However, to utilize their benefits, the low column dispersions produced by these new technologies necessitate low external variances in the total system. This paper describes the determination of the external variance of microbore, fast and conventional LC systems by a column method. Compatibility with the relevant column technologies is evaluated by a method involving the comparison of the external and column dispersions. Direct comparison of chromatograms of an 8-component mixture, on a set of columns of various diameters and lengths, shows the relative speed, economy and sensitivity obtainable in practice. The problem of reduced sample loadability is considered and the practical solution of peak compression illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02269058
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retention prediction system coupled with a multichannel ultraviolet detector for the identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (1985)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 20 (1985), S. 351-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Retention prediction system ; UV multichannel detector ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The retention prediction system assisted by a micro-computer coupled with an UV multichannel detector has been investigated in the separation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The method offered very precise identification of components in NBS-SRM-1647 sample without any standard reference substances. It has been proven that the system makes very precise, non-pollutive and convenient environmental analysis possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02269061
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast determination of tetracycline antibiotics in different media by high-performance liquid chromatography (1985)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 20 (1985), S. 313-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Tetracyclines antibiotics ; Quantitation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the identification and determination of tetracycline antibiotics is reviewed. HPLC chromatograms provide fast identification by retention time, tR, and precise quantitation by measurement of peak height or peak area. For separation of tetracycline compounds, most HPLC methods use reversed-phase C18 or C8 columns and UV detection. The HPLC solvent system should have a pH of about 6 to prevent steric changes in the tetracycline molecule. For accurate quantitation it is necessary to avoid tailing and this is accomplished by adding a zwitter ion to the solvent system. Methanol and acetonitrile are frequently used as organic modifiers in these solvent systems. In a single analysis, HPLC methods can be used to separate as many as nine or ten commercially used tetracycline compounds and to determine four to five tetracyclines in commercial tetracycline preparations or in biological fluids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02310389
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct analysis of fenvalerate isomers by liquid chromatography. Application to formulation and residue analysis of fenvalerate (1985)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 20 (1985), S. 376-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Resolution of optical isomers ; Chiral column ; Pyrethroids ; Fenvalerate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The separation of the optical isomers of fenvalerate [cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrate] has been carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a chiral column with (R)-N-3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-phenyl-glycine (DNBPG) covalently bonded on aminopropyl silica and eluted with mixtures of methanol, 2-propanol, and hexane. The system was applied to the analysis of Pydrin®, an emulsifiable concentrate formulation of fenvalerate, and to the residue analysis of fenvalerate in milk samples. For the analysis of Pydrin® the only requirement was the proper dilution of Pydrin® with hexane. For the analysis of residues in milk, fenvalerate was extracted with hexane after precipitating the milk proteins with acetonitrile and removing the precipitate by filtration; the hexane extract was concentrated to small volume and filtered before being analyzed by HPLC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02269066
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the elution of macromolecules from columns of thermally-treated controlled-porosity glasses (1985)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 20 (1985), S. 487-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Size-exclusion chromatography ; Controlled-porosity glasses ; Boron-enriched glass surface ; Adsorptive properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Controlled-porosity glasses (CPG) are sieves for macromoleculars, very widely applied in chromatographic columns for the separation of polymers and biopolymers by means of size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and affinity chromatography. This paper deals with the influence of the thermal treatment of CPG on the elution of polymers in SEC columns. The problem is examined for a few mobile phases and for glasses having different porosities. Additionally, the SEC results obtained are compared with the adsorption properties of the glases investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02344791
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of urinary 5-S-cysteinyldopamine by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 645-647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Electrochemical detection ; Cysteinyldopamine ; Tyrosinase ; Autoxidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine, a new metabolite of dopamine, was determined in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The catechol was detected in 14 of 21 melanoma patients and 7 of 21 normal subjects; the highest values were 657 μg/day for melanoma patients and 44 μg/day for normal subjects. These results suggest that the cysteine conjugate may arise from autoxidation of dopamine but tyrosinase may also participate in the oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311920
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of a reaction detector for analysis at the femtomol level of carbamate insecticides by HPLC (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 136-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Chemical reaction detector ; Carbamate insecticides ; Quantitation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary For the determination of trace amounts of carbamate insecticides in vegetables the combination of liquid chromatography with post column chemical derivatization (chemical reaction detector) is used. In a two step reaction detector the carbamates are firstly saponified in 0.01 M sodium hydroxide at 80°C with a reaction time of 30sec. To this mixture OPA reagent is added to detect the methylamine generated in the saponification. Optimization strategies for this reaction are demonstrated. At a temperature of 80 °C a reaction time of 80 sec is sufficient for quantitative transformation of the methylamine. The peak dispersion can be reduced and hence the detection limit improved by decreasing the diameter of the tubes and by diminishing dilution through the addition of reagent. A 1∶24 ratio of reagent to column (reactor) effluent is possible with cyclone-type mixers. The quantitation of carbamates in different vegetables is demonstrated. The detection limit is 20ppb at a signal to noise ratio of 10∶1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311741
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