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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sexual dimorphism in the lipid fraction of the defensive secretion ofGastrophysa viridula (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (1994)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 50 (1994), S. 766-770 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Gastrophysa viridula ; Chrysomelidae ; Coleoptera ; chemical defence ; acetates ; hydrocarbons ; gas-liquid chromatography ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; sexual dimorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The lipid fraction of the defensive secretion of adultGastrophysa viridula was analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Three long chain acetates and two methyl-branched hydrocarbons were identified and their amounts in the secretion of single field-collected and laboratory-reared beetles determined. The composition of the secretion was affected by the sex, reproductive status, and age of the beetle. The ratio of (Z)-11-eicosenyl acetate to (Z)-13-docosenyl acetate ranged from 0.30 to 0.78 in male beetles and from 1.05 to 2.06 in female beetles. The biological significance of this sexual dimorphism is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01919379
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Female sex pheromone of the longhorn beetleMigdolus fryanus Westwood: N-(2′S)-methylbutanoyl 2-methylbutylamine (1994)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 50 (1994), S. 853-856 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Migdolus fryanus ; Coleoptera ; Cerambycidae ; N-2′-methylbutanoyl 2-methylbutylamine ; N-formyll-isoleucine methyl ester ; sex pheromone ; chiral resolution ; dose-response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The first known long-range female-released sex pheromone for the family Cerambycidae is reported fromMigdolus fryanus, a sugarcane pest in South America. Although two female-specific compounds, namely, N-(2′S)-methylbutanoyl 2-methylbutylamine and N-formyll-isoleucine methyl esters were identified, field tests with synthetic chemicals revealed that only the amide was active and that the amino acid derivative neither increased or decreased trap catches by the amide. This is the first identification of amide as a sex pheromone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01956471
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cantharidin production in a blister beetle (1993)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 49 (1993), S. 171-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Meloidae ; Epicauta funebris ; chemical defense ; biosynthesis ; terpenoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cantharidin, a potent defensive chemical, is present in all ten life stages of the blister beetleEpicauta funebris. The first five larval stages accumulate cantharidin as they feed and grow in size. When disturbed, they exude cantharidin in a milky oral fluid, not in hemolymph which adult beetles reflexively discharge from leg joints. Two subsequent larval stages and the pupa do not feed, grow, regurgitate, or change in their defensive reserves (110 μg cantharidin/insect, regardless of sex). Adult beetles kept in isolation for 60–90 d exhibit a pronounced sexual dimorphism in cantharidin production: the male biosynthesizes about 17 mg of the toxin, representing 10% of his live weight, whereas the female actually loses most of her defensive reserves. But in the wild a female beetle repeatedly acquires cantharidin as copulatory gifts from her mates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01989424
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Avoidance of competition by spruce bark beetles,Ips typographus andPityogenes chalcographus (1993)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 49 (1993), S. 272-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Semiochemical ; pheromone ; host selection ; competition ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Bark beetles,Ips typographus andPityogenes chalcographus, attracted by synthetic or natural pheromone to Norway spruce logs,Picea abies, preferred to colonize uninfested logs rather than logs occupied by these beetles, probably as a means of avoiding intra-and interspecific competition. The aggregation pheromone components ofP. chalcographus, chalcogran and methyl (E, Z)-2,4-decadienoate, inhibited the attraction response ofI. typographus to its pheromone components (methyl butenol andcis-verbenol), while the converse was not true. However, verbenone released from colonized bark inhibited pheromonal response ofP. chalcographus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01923539
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardenolide glycosides from the adults and eggs ofChrysolina fuliginosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (1992)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 48 (1992), S. 1023-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Chrysolina fuliginosa ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; beetles ; cardenolides ; eggs ; glands ; chemical defence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Besides the known sarmentogenin 3-O-β-D-allopyranoside (1) and digitoxigenin-3-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-2′, 3′-di-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranoside] (4), four new cardiac glycosides (2, 3, 5 and6) have been isolated from the defensive glands of adults ofChrysolina fuliginosa. The structures of the new compounds were determined by1H NMR at 600 MHz and FABMS. Compounds1–6, present in the adults ofC. fuliginosa, have also been identified in the eggs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01919158
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis of 1-alkenes in the defensive secretions ofTribolium confusum (Tenebrionidae); stereochemical implications (1990)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 46 (1990), S. 700-704 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Tenebrionidae ; Tribolium confusum ; defesive secretion ; biosynthesis of 1-alkenes ; oxidative decarboxylation ; anti-elimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The terminally unsaturated hydrocarbons of the defensive secretion ofTribolium confusum are biosynthesized from fatty acids by oxidative decarboxylation. The process involves an enantiospecific cleavage of the C−H bond of thepro-(S) C(3)−H atom and simultaneous decarboxylation of the acid into an 1-alkene and carbon dioxide via ananti-periplanar transition state geometry (anti-elimination). The stereochemistry of this biotranformation is identical in all respects with the same reaction in higher plants. The mechanism seems to be of general importance for the biosynthesis of many vinylic substructures of natural products from oxygen-containing precursors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01939939
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    E-myrcenol inIps duplicatus: An aggregation pheromone component new for bark beetles (1990)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 46 (1990), S. 1209-1211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Pheromone ; E-myrcenol ; ipsdienol ; Ips duplicatus ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; Picea abies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Males of the Eurasian bark beetleIps duplicatus, when feeding in host Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), produced and released ipsdienol andE-myrcenol, which we show to be aggregation pheromone components. Bioassays using walking beetles indicated thatE-myrcenol in synergistic combination with ipsdienol is essential for attraction. Synergism ofE-myrcenol and ipsdienol released at natural rates in the forest was also demonstrated with a new technique using mechanical slow-rotation of sticky traps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01936939
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