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  • Weitere Quellen  (396)
  • Springer  (382)
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  • 2000-2004  (348)
  • 1980-1984  (47)
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  • 1
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    Die Hochwasserkatastrophen im Sommer 2002. Ökologische und ökonomische Gründe, Folgen, Konsequenzen und Ursachen (2002)
    Springer
    In:  Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung 14(4): 206-210
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE HOCHWASSER DEUTSCHLAND
  • 2
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    Physical Properties of Rocks (1982)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. V/1, subvol. a, pp. 559-932, (ISBN 0-935702-96-2)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1982
    Schlagwort(e): Rock mechanics ; Physical properties of rocks ; Handbook of geophysics ; Laboratory measurements ; density ; porosity ; elasticity ; electrical ; magnetic ; properties ; radioactivity ; moon ; ice ; Czermak ; Huckenholz ; Rybach ; Schmid ; Schopper ; Schuch ; Stoeffler ; Wohlenberg
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 3
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    Naturkatastrophen: Vulkane, Beben, Wirbelstürme - Entfesselte Gewalten und ihre Folgen (2001)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 27, no. 16, pp. 48-55, (ISBN: 3540148477)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2001
    Schlagwort(e): Earthquake ; Tsunami(s) ; storms ; floods ; Volcanology ; radioactivity ; waste ; disposal ; CDROM ; Erdbeben ; teaching ; learning ; Earthquake hazard
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 4
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    Unbekannt
    Group III: Crystals and Solid State Physics. Vol. 5, Part a: Geophysics and Spaceresearch (1982)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. III/12, Supplement to III/4, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN 0-87590-299-5 (soft cover))
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1982
    Schlagwort(e): Handbook of geophysics ; Handbook of physics ; Handbook of mineralogy
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 5
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    Global Positioning System, Theory and Practice, 5th Edition (2000)
    Springer
    In:  New York, 390 pp., Springer, vol. 36, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN 0-89871-521-0)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2000
    Schlagwort(e): Global Positioning System ; Geodesy ; Handbook of geophysics ; Textbook of geodesy ; 1243 ; Geodesy ; and ; gravity ; Space ; geodetic ; surveys ; 1294 ; Instruments ; and ; techniques ; 1241 ; Satellite ; orbits
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 6
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    Understanding Viscoelasticity: Basics of Rheology (2002)
    Springer
    In:  New York. 145 pp., Springer, vol. 4, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 127, (3-540-43395-3)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002
    Schlagwort(e): Rheology ; Textbook of geophysics ; Textbook of physics
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 7
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    Early warning success for the 1976 Tangshan earthquake: a best practise integrating public administration an science (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 479-480, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Earthquake ; China ; Project report/description ; Seismology ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 8
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    Unbekannt
    Remote sensing of subglacial eruptions in Iceland and the development of related warning systems (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 45, no. Subvol. a, pp. 515-520, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Volcanology ; Kueppers ; Kuppers ; Muenzer ; Munzer
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 9
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    Seismic Waves and Sources (1981)
    Springer
    In:  New York, 1108 pp., Springer, vol. 96, pp. 225, (ISBN 0-471-95596-5)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981
    Schlagwort(e): FROTH ; RUB ; GMG ; 3.15.80 ; Textbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Waves ; Wavelet processing ; SModelling ; Dislocation ; Elasticity theory of dislocations ; Source
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 10
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    Unbekannt
    Geophysics of the Solid Earth, the Moon and the Planets (1984)
    Springer
    In:  Heidelberg, Springer, vol. V/2, no. Subvol. a, pp. 220, (ISBN: 0-08-037951-6)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1984
    Schlagwort(e): Review article ; Seismology ; (The Earth's free) oscillations ; Waves ; Gravimetry, Gravitation ; Geomagnetics ; Planetology ; solar ; system ; Anderson ; Brosche ; Busse ; Dziewonski ; Groten ; von ; Herzen ; Jackson ; Janle ; Kahle ; Maelzer ; Meissner ; Mueller ; Prodehl ; Rybach ; Schneider ; Suendermann ; Waenke ; Wilhelm ; Zuern
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 11
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    Unbekannt
    Im Einklang mit der Erde - Geowisenschaften für die Zukunft (2002)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 2, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN: 0-691-05010-4)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002
    Schlagwort(e): geography ; environment ; protection ; geosciences ; future ; sustainable ; climate ; natural ; hazards ; water ; resources ; ecology ; economy
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 12
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    Methods and Applications of Inversion (2000)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, 306 pp., Springer, vol. 2, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN: 0-387-30752-4)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2000
    Schlagwort(e): Textbook of geophysics ; Textbook of geology ; Textbook of mathematics ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Modelling ; Inversion
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 13
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    Matrizen und ihre Anwendungen, 5. überarbeitete u. erw. Aufl., Teil 1: Grundlagen (1984)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-40, (ISBN: 0-444-51340-X)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1984
    Schlagwort(e): Textbook of mathematics ; lineare ; Algebra ; Inversion ; Eigen-value ; MINV ; Zurmuhl
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 14
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    Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-40, (ISBN: 0-444-51340-X)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Handbook of geophysics ; Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; outreach ; politics ; communication ; management ; response ; rain ; storms ; floods ; droughts ; El ; Nino ; earthquakes ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Japan ; Mexico ; Istanbul ; Turkey ; Taiwan ; Bucharest ; Romania ; China ; Armenia ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Global Positioning System ; Volcanology ; Tsunami(s) ; landslides ; avalanches ; fires ; technology ; environment ; Rapid damage assessment ; Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; remote ; sensing ; GIS ; islands ; cyclones ; future ; technical ; requirements ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 15
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    Unbekannt
    Can plate motion surveys by Global Positioning System measurements be considered as an alert system (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 495-502, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Plate tectonics ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Geodesy ; Stress ; Strain ; Seismicity ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 16
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    Project of creation of an earthquake early warning system for Armenia (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 487-494, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Project report/description ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 17
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    Early warning systems for tsunami - an overview (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 24, no. 16, pp. 535-536, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Tsunami(s) ; Seismicity ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 18
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    Earthquake early warning systems: current status and perspectives (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 409-423, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Review article ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 19
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    Unbekannt
    Seismic waves and free oscillations (1984)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Physical Properties of Rocks, Heidelberg, Springer, vol. V/2, no. Subvol. a, pp. 61-83, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1984
    Schlagwort(e): Review article ; Seismology ; (The Earth's free) oscillations ; Waves ; Muller ; Zuern ; Zurn
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 20
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    Unbekannt
    Geochemical monitoring on Merapi volcano, Indonesia (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 511-514, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Geochemistry ; Volcanology ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 21
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    Fracture and flow of rocks and minerals (1982)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Naturwiss. und Technik, L.B. V-1b, Berlin, Springer, vol. 81A, no. 16, pp. 141-238, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1982
    Schlagwort(e): Textbook of geophysics ; Fracture ; Rock mechanics ; Rheology
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 22
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    UrEDAS: The early warning system for mitigation of disasters caused by earthquakes and tsunamis (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 22, no. 16, pp. 453-460, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Japan ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; Tsunami(s) ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 23
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    Higher-Order Numerical Methods for Transient Wave Equations (2002)
    Springer
    In:  New York, 348 pp., Springer, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 2-203, (ISBN: 3-540-41598-X)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002
    Schlagwort(e): Textbook of geophysics ; Textbook of physics ; Finite Element Method ; Finite difference method ; perfectly ; matched ; Layers ; PML ; Gauss-Labatto ; element ; shape
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 24
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    Geodesy: The Challenge of the Third Millennium (2003)
    Springer
    In:  New York, 473 pp., Springer, vol. 10, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN 3-540-43160-8)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Geodesy ; Textbook of geodesy ; methods ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Instruments ; Global Positioning System ; Very Long Baseline Interferometry ; InSAR ; geoid ; Gravimetry, Gravitation ; Earth rotation ; Strain ; visions ; for ; the ; future ; state ; of ; the ; science
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 25
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    Introduction to Maple, 3rd ed. (2003)
    Springer
    In:  New York, 828 pp., Springer, vol. 16, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN 0-387-00230-8)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Handbook of mathematics ; Modelling ; software ; manual ; computer ; algebra ; symbolic ; mathematics ; MATLAB
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 26
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    Unbekannt
    Group III: Crystals and Solid State Physics. Vol. 5, Part b: Physical Properties of Rocks (1982)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. III/12, Supplement to III/4, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN 0-87590-299-5 (soft cover))
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1982
    Schlagwort(e): Handbook of geophysics ; Handbook of physics ; Handbook of mineralogy
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 27
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    Unbekannt
    Self-Organized Criticality in Earth Systems (2002)
    Springer
    In:  New York, Springer, vol. III/12, Supplement to III/4, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN 0-87590-299-5 (soft cover))
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002
    Schlagwort(e): SOC ; FractureT ; Textbook of geophysics ; Seismicity ; Gutenberg-Richter magnitude frequency b-value ; forest ; fires ; land ; slides
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 28
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    Nonlinear Dynamics of the Lithosphere and Earthquake Prediction (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Heidelberg, XIV + 337 pp., Springer, vol. 9, no. XVI:, pp. 227-235, (ISBN 3-540-43528-X)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Non-linear effects ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Pattern recognition ; Seismicity ; Earthquake precursor: statistical anal. of seismicity ; Lithosphere ; complexity ; hierarchical ; dissipative ; system ; static ; Dynamic ; lattice ; Modelling ; synthetic ; Earthquake catalog ; Fault zone ; block ; rotations ; decision ; theory
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 29
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    Methods and Applications of Signal Processing in Seismic Network Operations (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin Heidelberg, Springer, vol. 98, no. ALEX(01)-FR-77-01, AFTAC Contract F08606-76-C-0025, pp. 95-104, (ISBN: 1-4020-1592-5)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): digital signal analysis (also DSP) ; DSP ; Seismology ; Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; earthquake ; warning ; Seismic networks ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Location ; Detectors ; Time series analysis ; Seismology
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  • 30
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    Unbekannt
    The SIL seismological data acquisition system - as operated in Iceland in Sweden (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Methods and Applications of Signal Processing in Seismic Network Operations, Berlin Heidelberg, Springer, vol. 98, no. 16, pp. 131-148, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): digital signal analysis (also DSP) ; DSP ; Seismology ; Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; earthquake ; warning ; Seismic networks ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Location ; Detectors ; Time series analysis ; Seismology ; Boedvarsson ; Bodvarsson
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  • 31
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    Unbekannt
    Geschwindigkeiten elastischer Wellen und Elastizitätskonstanten von Gesteinen und gesteinsbildenden Mineralen (1982)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Physical Properties of Rocks, Berlin, Springer, vol. V/1, no. Subvol. b, pp. 1-96, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1982
    Schlagwort(e): Velocity ; Elasticity ; Physical properties of rocks ; Handbook of geophysics
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 32
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    Unbekannt
    Physikalische Eigenschaften des Eises (1982)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Physical Properties of Rocks, Berlin, Springer, vol. V/1, no. Subvol. b, pp. 339-346, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1982
    Schlagwort(e): Rock mechanics ; glaciology ; Handbook of geophysics
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    BIBLIOGRAFIE SEISMOLOGIE
  • 33
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    Geoinformatik - Modelle, Strukturen, Funktionen (2000)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 45, pp. 3. erweiterte u. aktualisierte Auflage, x+419 pp., (ISBN 0-471-95596-5)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2000
    Schlagwort(e): GIS ; Textbook of geophysics ; geography ; data ; base ; fuzzy ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; interpolation ; SQL
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  • 34
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    Unbekannt
    Physical Properties of Rocks (1982)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. V/1, subvol. b, pp. 559-932, (ISBN 0-935702-96-2)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1982
    Schlagwort(e): Rock mechanics ; Physical properties of rocks ; Handbook of geophysics ; Laboratory measurements ; density ; porosity ; elasticity ; electrical ; magnetic ; properties ; radioactivity ; moon ; ice ; Beblo ; Berktold ; Bleil ; Gebrande ; Grauert ; Haack ; Haak ; Kern ; Miller ; Petersen ; Pohl ; Rummel ; Schopper
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  • 35
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    Geomatic Methods for the Analysis of Data in the Earth Sciences (2000)
    Springer
    In:  New York, Springer, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 2-203, (ISBN 0-87590-533-1)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2000
    Schlagwort(e): Data analysis / ~ processing ; Error analysis ; Handbook of geophysics ; Handbook of geodesy ; toolbox ; Statistical investigations ; Inversion ; Non-linear effects ; aerial ; images ; Diffraction ; Tomography ; 1214 ; Geodesy ; and ; gravity ; Geopotential ; theory ; and ; determination ; 1224 ; Photogrammetry ; remote ; sensing ; 0902 ; Exploration ; geophysics ; Computational ; methods, ; seismic ; Gruen ; Grun
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  • 36
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    Synergetics (1983)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 167, no. XVI:, pp. 385-389, (ISBN 0-12-305355-2)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1983
    Schlagwort(e): Artificial intelligence (AI) ; neu ; Textbook of physics
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  • 37
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    Condensed Matter; Magnetic Properties. Magnetic and Other Properties of Oxides and Related Compounds Part b: Spinels, Fe Oxides and Fe-Me-O Compounds (1980)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. III/12, Supplement to III/4, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN 0-87590-299-5 (soft cover))
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1980
    Schlagwort(e): Handbook of geophysics ; Handbook of physics ; Handbook of mineralogy
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  • 38
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    Programmieren mit R (2004)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 6, no. 22, pp. 71-80, (ISBN 0-87590-422-X)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2004
    Schlagwort(e): Textbook of mathematics ; Statistical investigations ; software
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  • 39
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    Piezoelektrische Meßtechnik (1980)
    Springer
    In:  Dordrecht, IX+266 pp., Springer, vol. 3, no. ALEX(01)-FR-77-01, AFTAC Contract F08606-76-C-0025, pp. 329, (ISBN 1-903544-06-8)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1980
    Schlagwort(e): SEModelling ; Instruments ; Laboratory measurements
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  • 40
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    Global Positioning System - Theory, Algorithms and Applications (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1-40, (ISBN 0-06-057199-3)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Geodesy ; Textbook of geodesy ; Handbook of geodesy ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; KSGSoft ; program ; software ; Filter- ; Error analysis
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  • 41
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    Earthquake early warning system in Japan (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 24, no. 16, pp. 447-452, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Review article ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 42
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    The seismic alert system in Mexico City and the school prevention program (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1002, no. 231, pp. 441-446, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Seismology ; Seismic networks ; Real time earthquake monitoring ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 43
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    Predictions and social response capacities in face of the 1995 Menglian earthquake (M=7.3): an overview (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 481-486, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; China ; case ; study ; Earthquake ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 44
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    Earthquake disasters: prediction, prevention and early warning (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 425-431, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Seismology ; Mexico ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 45
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    Microearthquake analysis at local seismic networks in Iceland and Sweden and earthquake precursors (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Methods and Applications of Signal Processing in Seismic Network Operations, Berlin Heidelberg, Springer, vol. 98, no. 16, pp. 149-172, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): digital signal analysis (also DSP) ; DSP ; Seismology ; Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Seismic networks ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Location ; Detectors ; Time series analysis ; Seismology
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  • 46
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    Information and warnings to authorities and to the public about seismic and volcanic hazards in Iceland (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 9, no. 16, pp. 228, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Seismicity ; warning ; time ; Seismology ; micro-zonation ; Seismic networks ; Project report/description ; Rapid damage assessment ; Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; monitoring ; Kueppers ; Kuppers ; Stefansson ; SIL
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  • 47
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    Volcano monitoring and eruption warnings (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 4, no. 16, pp. 505-510, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Volcanology ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 48
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    European warning system (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 14B, no. 16, pp. 465-469, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 49
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    25 seconds for Bucharest (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 471-477, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Romania ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology ; Karlsruhe ; Kueppers ; Kuppers ; SFB ; 461
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  • 50
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    On the establishment of an automatic earthquake information broadcast system in Taiwan (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 462-464, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Real time earthquake monitoring ; Seismicity ; Seismology ; China ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 51
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    Towards an earthquake early warning system for the megacity of Istanbul (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. Memoir 157, no. 1, pp. 433-440, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Turkey ; Seismicity ; warning ; time ; Seismology ; micro-zonation ; Seismic networks ; Project report/description ; Rapid damage assessment ; Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; monitoring ; Isikara ; Yalcin ; Kueppers ; Kuppers ; Erguenay ; Ergunay
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  • 52
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    The MERAPI-Project - Interdisciplinary monitoring of a high-risk volcano as a basis of an early warning system (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. Memoir 157, no. 1, pp. 527-532, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Indonesia ; Java ; Seismicity ; warning ; time ; Seismology ; Seismic networks ; Project report/description ; Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; monitoring ; Kueppers ; Kuppers ; Luehr ; Luhr
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  • 53
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    Synthesis: Back to Santa Rosalia, or No Wonder There Are So Many Species (2002)
    Springer
    In:  In: Competition and Coexistence. , ed. by Sommer, U. and Worm, B. Ecological Studies, 161 . Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 207-218. ISBN 978-3-642-62800-9
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-01-26
    Beschreibung: Modern competition research started with G.E. Hutchinson’s, Homage to Santa Rosalia, and his now-famous question “why are there so many species?” (Hutchinson 1959,1961). This confronted observed species richness with the competitive exclusion principle, a principle that had been derived from theory and from highly artificial experiments. It would always have been easy to point at the “artificial” character of the competitive exclusion principle. Indeed many researchers have refused to deal with Hutchinson’s question because they considered it a pseudo-problem, which arose from a contradiction between overly simplified theory and complicated reality. However, those who took Hutchinson’s challenge seriously have gained fundamental insights into how competition plays out in nature, how species coexist, and how communities function. In this final chapter we attempt to synthesize these insights as they have been presented in this book. We focus on six key topics: - Identification of major trade-off axes (Sect. 8.1) - Confirmation of the “intermediate disturbance hypothesis”, and detection of interactions among competition, resource supply, predation and disturbance in field experiments (Sect. 8.2) - The interplay of space colonization, dispersal and neighborhood competition in sessile communities (Sect. 8.3) - Potential for chaotic, self-generated heterogeneity in communities (Sect. 8.4) - Role of exclusive resources in competition among mobile animals (Sect. 8.5) - Coexistence by slow exclusion (Sect. 8.6)
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  • 54
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    Feeding ecology and evolutionary survival of the living coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae (2000)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 136 (2). pp. 379-386.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-07-06
    Beschreibung: One concept of evolutionary ecology holds that a living fossil is the result of past evolutionary events, and is adapted to recent selective forces only if they are similar to the selective forces in the past. We describe the present environment of the living coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae Smith, 1939 at Grande Comore, western Indian Ocean and report depth-dependent cave distribution, temperature, salinity and oxygen values which are compared to the fish's distribution and its physiological demands. We studied the activity pattern, feeding behaviour, prey abundance and hunting success to evaluate possible links between environmental conditions, feeding ecology and evolutionary success of this ancient fish. Transmitter tracking experiments indicate nocturnal activity of the piscivorous predator which hunts between approximately 200 m below the surface to 500 m depth. Fish and prey density were measured between 200 and 400 m, both increase with depth. Feeding tracks and feeding strikes of the coelacanth at various depths were simulated with the help of video and laser techniques. Along a 9447 m video transect a total of 31 potential feeding strikes occurred. Assuming 100% hunting success, medium-sized individuals would obtain 122 g and large females 299 g of prey. Estimates of metabolic rates revealed for females 3.7 ml O2 kg−1 h−1 and for males 4.5 ml O2 kg−1 h−1. Today coelacanths are considered to be a specialist deep-water form and to inhabit, with their ancient morphology, a contemporary environment where they compete with advanced, modern fish.
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  • 55
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    Modern Ocean Current-Controlled Sediment Transport in the Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian (GIN) Seas (2001)
    Springer
    In:  In: The Northern North Atlantic : a changing environment. , ed. by Schäfer, P., Ritzrau, W., Schlüter, M. and Thiede, J. Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 135-154.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-11-16
    Beschreibung: Sediment transport processes in the northern North Atlantic have been investigated on the basis of various numerical models. A general circulation model has been used to investigate large-scale particle transport, a reduced gravity plume model has been used to investigate particle transport by cascading from the shelves into the deep basins, an ocean slice model has been used to investigate particle exchange processes between a bottom current and the ambient water mass, and a Bottom Boundary Layer model has been used to investigate particle interactions influencing the settling behavior of suspended particles. In this paper, the various processes investigated in these models are described (i) schematically, (ii) on the basis of field data, if available, and (iii) by employing results from numerical simulations. In a first attempt the northern North Atlantic will be divided into separate process defined areas, which can be used in carbon budgeting, for example.
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  • 56
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    A significant upper limit for the rate of formation, of OCS from the reaction of OH with CS2 (1980)
    American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 7 (10). pp. 797-800.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-07-30
    Beschreibung: The rate of reaction of OH with CS2 to form OCS by reaction (1) has been measured through observation of O14CS following 254 nm equation image photolysis of mixtures of H2O2 with 14CS2. The OH concentrations have been monitored through simultaneous measurement in the same cell of either (a) the oxidation of CO to CO2, or (b) the removal of a hydrocarbon such as C3H8 or iso-C4H10. The upper limit for the formation of OCS based on (a) corresponds to a rate constant k1 〈 0.3 × 10−14 cm³ molecule−1 sec−1. Other chemical reactions in the system have led to the formation of both 14CO and 14CO2, indicating the existence of a complex combination of reactions such that the observed O14CS need not have been formed by (1). The rate of reaction (1) is sufficiently slow that it is neither an important atmospheric sink for CS2 nor an important source for atmospheric OCS. The reaction of OH with OCS has not been measured in these experiments, but by analogy with k1 it is probably not an important atmospheric sink for OCS nor an important source of SO2.
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  • 57
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    Geophysical prospecting on the Santorini Islands (1984)
    Springer
    In:  Bulletin of Volcanology, 47 (3). pp. 447-466.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-05-05
    Beschreibung: A program of geophysical research was carried out as a preliminary stage of study of the Santorini volcanic group. This area is of remarkable geothermal and volcanological interest, and the definition of a volcanological structural model is the starting point for an understanding of the local geodynamic processes. Gravity, magnetic and geoelectrical data proved that: (i) the core of the volcanic edifice consists of a sedimentary-metamorphic basement; (ii) the basement is tectonically disturbed and a linear tectonic system produces a graben-type structure in the middle part of the area.
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  • 58
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    Possibilities for Misinterpretation in ASV-Speciation Studies of Natural Waters (1984)
    Springer
    In:  In: Environmental Research and Protection. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 383-384. ISBN 978-3-540-13469-5
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-09-12
    Beschreibung: Die Probleme, die bei Speciesuntersuchungen von Spurenelementen mit Hilfe der Differentialpuls Anodic Stripping Voltammetrie auftreten, werden zu-sammenfassend dargestellt. Neben den bei der eigentlichen Bestimmung auftretenden Problemen, werden auch solche erwähnt, die mit der Probennahme sowie der Lagerung und Vorbehandlung der Proben in Zusammenhang stehen.
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  • 59
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    Cellular Defense Systems of the Porifera (1982)
    Springer
    In:  In: Phylogeny and Ontogeny. The reticuloendothelial system : a comprehensive treatise, 3 . Springer, Boston, MA, pp. 37-57. ISBN 978-1-4684-4168-0
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-10-06
    Beschreibung: Sponges are diploblastic acoelomate Metazoa. They are sedentary, filter-feeding animals which utilize a layer of flagellated cells to pump a unidirectional water current through themselves. They are found in freshwater, but more abundantly in marine habitats. Sponges have been persistent throughout geological time from the Precambrian to the Recent, with special success during the Paleozoic. They are apparently the most primitive multicellular animals on a phylogenetic scale ranked by morphological complexity, although the levels of physiological and biochemical complexity found in sponges easily measure up to the degree of sophistication found in so-called higher animals. The Porifera (sponges) and Coelenterata are related as two phyla representing distinct stocks, but stemming from a presumed common although presently unknown origin (Hyman, 1940).
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  • 60
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    Patterns of time and space utilisation in coelacanths (Latimeria chalumnae,determined by ultrasonic telemetry (2000)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 136 (5). pp. 943-952.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-07-06
    Beschreibung: Acoustic telemetry was used to examine patterns of activity and space utilisation of coelacanths, nocturnal predators which spend the day in submarine caves. Nine coelacanths (Latimeria chalumnae) were tracked, each for a period of 1 to 16 nights at Grande Comore, West Indian Ocean. Activities lasted on average 9 h, usually starting shortly after sunset and ending before sunrise. Vertically, coelacanths moved up and down at and below cave level by following the bottom contour, mainly between 180 and 400 m depth. The deepest record was 698 m, the shallowest 133 m. Most time was spent between 200 and 300 m depth. Large individuals performed deep excursions to depths below 400 m, usually once per night. The fish spent most time in water temperatures of 15 to 19 °C; they rarely ventured into waters warmer than 22 °C measured at depths shallower than 160 m depth. Horizontally, coelacanths stayed in narrow areas ranging from 〈1 to 10 km of coastline. Coelacanths are extremely slow drift-hunters with an estimated average swimming speed of 3.2 m min−1, often travelling not more than 3 km per night. They probably take advantage of local upwelling and downwelling and slow currents occurring parallel to the steep slopes. This study shows that coelacanths are inhabitants of the subphotic zone, where they are active mainly below the depth of their daytime refuges.
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  • 61
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    Zinc Complexation in Hydrothermal Chloride Brines: Results from ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Calculations (2003)
    American Chemical Society
    In:  The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 107 (7). pp. 1050-1054.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-05-11
    Beschreibung: We determined the coordination environment of Zn2+ in aqueous Cl- brines at 25 °C and 300 °C using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The ZnCl+ and ZnCl2 complexes exist as pseudo-octahedral ZnClm(H2O)6-m clusters at 25 °C but occur as pseudo-tetrahedral ZnClm(H2O)4-m clusters at 300 °C. The ZnCl3- complex occurs as the pseudo-tetrahedral ZnCl3(H2O)- cluster at 25 and 300 °C. The tetrahedral ZnCl42- complex, however, is the dominant Zn−Cl complex at 25 °C, at least in highly concentrated (7.4 m) Cl- brines. The change in hydration number with temperature for the ZnCl+ and ZnCl2 complexes will complicate extrapolations of solvation energies to hydrothermal conditions using a Born-model-based equation of state.
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  • 62
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    Stratigraphy, Facies, and Significance of Late Mesozoic and Early Tertiary Sedimentary Rocks of Fuerteventura (Canary Islands) and Maio (Cape Verde Islands) (1982)
    Springer
    In:  In: Geology of the Northwest African Continental Margin. , ed. by Rad, U. v. Springer, Berlin, pp. 498-525.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-01-31
    Beschreibung: Mesozoic deep water sedimentary rocks uplifted and exposed in basement complexes on the islands of Fuerteventura (Canary Islands) and Maio (Cape Verdes) help document the early Atlantic ocean and the volcanic history of these islands. On Fuerteventura ca. 1.5 km of terrigenous quartzose clastics, black shales, and subordinate redeposited limestones of early Cretaceous age are overlain first by Albian-Cenomanian marls and clastics, showing extensive soft sediment slumping, then after a hiatus by Senonian nannofossil chalks with chert nodules. After a further break alkalic submarine volcanic rocks, largely hyaloclastics, were erupted, then overlain by redeposited bioclastic limestones and volcaniclastics of Oligocene age. A dyke complex was intruded, then the basement complex was uplifted, peneplaned, and overlain by Neogene plateau lavas. On Maio the basement complex comprises mafic pillow lavas of midocean ridge character overlain by up to 4 00 m of deep water sedimentary rocks. Upper Jurassic to lower Cretaceous radiolarianrich pelagic limestones are succeeded by middle and upper Cretaceous sequences of mudstones, redeposited limestones, chalks, tuffs, and volcaniclastics which document the onset of volcanism. During a sedimentary hiatus plutonic rocks were intruded, uplifted, then eroded to produce conglomerates of late Miocene age. These are overlain by several series of gently dipping subaerial alkaline basalt flows. Comparisons with D.S.D.P. sites, oil wells and on land geology confirm that the lower Cretaceous Fuerteventura quartzose clastics formed part of a deep water fan complex located close to the Atlantic continent-ocean boundary. Comparable flysch is known in the Moroccan basin, in the Betic-Maghrebide system and the feeding Tan-Tan-Cape Bojador delta system. The inferred disconformity between Cenomanian and Senonian is part of a widespread depositional hiatus associated with slumping on the adjacent west African continental margin. On Maio pelagic limestones comparable with the Tethyan Maiolica facies were deposited on a subsiding? middle/late Jurassic ocean ridge before uplift related to onset of volcanism probably in the late Cretaceous.
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  • 63
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    The anoxygenic phototrophic purple bacteria (2001)
    Springer
    In:  In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. , ed. by Boone, D. R. and Castenholz, R. W. Springer, New York, pp. 631-637. 2
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-02-28
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  • 64
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    Fluid Venting Activity on the Costa Rica Margin: New Results from Authigenic Carbonates (2004)
    Springer
    In:  International Journal of Earth Sciences, 93 . pp. 596-611.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-09-23
    Beschreibung: Carbonate precipitates on mounds and along tectonic scarps off the Costa Rica margin are manifestations of subduction-induced dewatering. The long-term dewatering history is recorded in mineralogical, petrological and isotope signals of carbonates recovered from these sites. The carbonates are strongly depleted in δ13C (−11 to −53‰ PDB) and enriched in δ18O (+4 to +8‰ PDB). Thermogenic methane and biogenic methane were identified as sources of the carbon. Chemoherm carbonates and seepage-associated carbonates formed in a focused flow regime have lighter δ13C values, while others formed in a more diffusive flow regime have slightly enriched C isotope values. Three fluid components were inferred based on the calculation of equilibrium δ18O: clay dehydration water, gas hydrate water and seawater. Calculated equilibrium δ18O values of carbonates from different down-core depths as well as from different precipitation stages show that the δ18O of the precipitating fluid is progressively depleted with time. Dolostones showing a methane-C source and a well constrained O-isotope signature are thought to have formed at depth in the sediment and subsequently became exhumed. Glauconitic sandstones cemented by methane-derived carbonate provide evidence that fluid and solid material have been expelled by the mud volcano.
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  • 65
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    Beak length analysis of the Southern Ocean squid Psychroteuthis glacialis (Cephalopoda: Psychroteuthidae) and its use for size and biomass estimations (2000)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology, 23 . pp. 70-74.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-16
    Beschreibung: A detailed analysis of beak length to body size and mass measurements was carried out for the glacial squid Psychroteuthis glacialis, which is an endemic cephalopod species in the Southern Ocean. Beak lengths (lower rostral length) were measured from 211 specimens which had been sampled in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. The basic idea was to find some calibration model in order to inter- or extrapolate missing mantle length and/or wet body mass data by means of beak lengths. The relationships between beak length and mantle length/wet body mass bear essential information for future use in biomass estimates in Southern Ocean top predators, since beaks of P. glacialis occur frequently in the stomach contents of Antarctic seabirds, seals and toothed whales. Therefore, lower rostral lengths were plotted against both mantle length and wet body mass to determine the relationship between these variables. The relationships had limited scatter and very high coefficients of determination, showing that lower rostral length is a good predictor of the squid's mantle length and wet mass. A non-linear 3rd order polynomial regression of lower rostral length against mantle length was identified as the best fitted calibration model, explaining 93% (R 2) of the associated variance. The relationship between lower rostral length and wet body mass was empirically well fitted through regressing ln-transformed values of lower rostral length against wet body mass, explaining 95% (R 2) of the associated variance. The present investigation provides measurements for a wide size range of P. glacialis individuals compared to earlier studies, which were limited on very small data sets.
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  • 66
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    Symptoms and serum precipitins in workers exposed to dry sausage mould: consequences of exposure to sausage mould (2001)
    Springer
    In:  International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 74 (5). pp. 371-374.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-07-28
    Beschreibung: Objective: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to dry sausage mould has been reported in workers who brush off the excess mould which coats dry sausage. Prevalence of symptoms and sensitization to mould among these pork-butchery workers is unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical, radiographic, functional, and immunological features in exposed and non-exposed workers in semi-industrial pork butcheries. Patients and methods: Symptoms, and serum precipitins against mould extracts, were studied in workers in semi-industrial pork butcheries. Of 600 workers asked to participate, 123 (20.5%) were included. Fifty-nine workers, exposed to dry (raw) sausage mould and Penicillium nalgiovense were compared with 64 non-exposed subjects, for symptoms, chest X-rays, spirometry and CO-transfer measurements. Precipitating antibodies were detected by immunoelectrophoresis and electrosyneresis. Results: Sneezing, cough, dyspnoea, nasal obstruction, headache, and discomfort were significantly more frequent in the exposed group at work and after work than in the control group (P 〈 0.05). The prevalence of precipitating antibodies for sausage mould was higher in the exposed group (37%) than in the non-exposed group (9%) (P 〈 0.01). The mean number of precipitating lines measured by electrosyneresis was higher in exposed workers than in non-exposed workers for mould extract (1.09 vs 0.28, P 〈 0.05) and for Penicillium nalgiovense (1.77 vs 0.33, P 〈 0.05). No specific X-ray opacity or lung function impairment was found in either group. Conclusions: Clinical symptoms and sensitization to Penicillium nalgiovense are frequent among workers exposed to mould during brushing in dry sausage plants.
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  • 67
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    The alkali reserve of interstitial water at the sites of methane emission in the Sea of Okhotsk (2001)
    Springer
    In:  Geochemistry International, 39 (6). pp. 597-603.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-01-19
    Beschreibung: The chemical composition (alkalinity, pH, NH4+, PO43-, Si, H2S, Cl-, Ca2+,and SO42-) of interstitial water was studied in the sediments of the Sea of Okhotsk at sites of methane emission. Variations in alkalinity were observed in the sediments from a typical seawater value (2.3 mM/kg) to 63 mM/kg. It is demonstrated that they are caused by the processes of sulfate reduction and methane generation. Based on the balance relationships, an equationwas constructed connecting changes in alkalinity with variations of Ca2+, SO42- and NH4+ in interstitial solutions.
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  • 68
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    Stratigraphy of recent deep-sea sediments based upon foraminiferal fauna (2003)
    Springer
    In:  In: Milestones in Geosciences. , ed. by Dullo, W. C. Springer, Berlin, pp. 51-53.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-04-15
    Beschreibung: Stratigraphy is the fundament for the establishment and clarification of numerous questions in geology. The problem of the stratification of fossil sediments played a decisive role in the past, and continues to do so today. If one wishes to gain insight regarding the nature of the formation of today’s deposits, and avoid serious errors in the comparison of the same, one must, of necessity, first concern oneself with the sequence of recent sediment layers.
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  • 69
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    Milestones in geosciences : selected benchmark papers published in the journal "Geologische Rundschau" (2003)
    Springer
    In:  , ed. by Dullo, W. C. Springer, Berlin, 145 pp. ISBN 3-540-44221-9
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-04-15
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  • 70
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    γ-Linolenic Acid Biosynthesis: Cryptoregiochemistry of Δ6Desaturation (2001)
    American Chemical Society
    In:  Journal of Organic Chemistry, 66 (4). pp. 1210-1215.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-07-20
    Beschreibung: The valuable nutraceutical γ-linolenic acid (GLA, (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoic acid) is biosynthesized by a series of regio- and stereoselective dehydrogenation reactions that are catalyzed by a set of enzymes known as fatty acid desaturases. As part of ongoing research into the mechanism of these remarkable catalysts, we have examined the cryptoregiochemistry (site of initial oxidation) of Δ6 desaturation as it occurs in the protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila. Two complementary approaches that address this issue are described. In the first set of experiments, we measured the individual primary deuterium kinetic isotope effects associated with the C−H bond cleavages at C-6 and C-7. Competition experiments using appropriately deuterium-labeled 4-thiasubstrates revealed that a large KIE (kH/kD = 7.1 ± 0.5) was observed for the C−H bond-breaking step at C-6, whereas the C−H bond cleavage at C-7 was insensitive to deuterium substitution (kH/kD = 1.04 ± 0.05). These results point to C-6 as the site of initial oxidation in Δ6 desaturation since the first chemical step in this type of reaction is rupture of a strong, unactivated C−H bond, an energetically difficult process that typically exhibits a large KIE. This conclusion was supported by the results of our second approach, which involved locating the position of the putative diiron oxo oxidant with respect to substrate by monitoring the efficiency of oxo transfer to a series of thia fatty acid probes. Thus only a 6-thia-analogue is converted to significant amounts of the corresponding sulfoxide (9% yield). The absolute configuration of this product was determined to be S using (S)-MPAA as a chiral shift reagent. Taken together, these results point to the abstraction of the C-6 pro S hydrogen as the initial event in Δ6 desaturation as it occurs in T. thermophila.
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  • 71
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    Genetic analysis of sea-ice bacterial communities of the Western Baltic Sea using an improved double gradient method (2001)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology (4). pp. 252-257.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-11-09
    Beschreibung: The bacterial diversity of sea ice from Kiel Bight obtained during the rare event of solid ice cover in spring 1996 was analysed by molecular genetic approaches using an improved double gradient denaturing gradient gel electrophoretic method (DG-DGGE) to separate 16S rDNA fragments of approximately 500 bp. The excellent separation of individual bands within these gradient gels allowed us to obtain sequence information and to allocate the phylogenetic position of representative bacteria from the sea ice. The band pattern of the gradient gels revealed a vertical stratification of the bacterial species distribution within the ice and the presence of characteristic bacteria for each layer. According to their 16S rDNA sequences, major bands of the gradient gels represented bacteria closely related to fermenting species of the genera Propionibacterium and Bacteroides and to anoxygenic phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria (Chromatiaceae). Their abundance in horizons of the inner ice core may indicate the existence of oxygen-deficient and anoxic zones or niches and possible primary production by anoxygenic photosynthesis within the investigated Baltic Sea sea ice. This is the first phylogenetic evidence of the presence, and most probably the development, of phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria in sea ice.
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  • 72
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    The Late Cenozoic uplift - climate change paradox (2002)
    Springer
    In:  International Journal of Earth Sciences, 91 . pp. 746-774.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2018-05-30
    Beschreibung: The geologic evidence for worldwide uplift of mountain ranges in the Neogene is ambiguous. Estimates of paleoelevation vary, according to whether they are based on the characteristics of fossil floras, on the masses and grain sizes of eroded sediments, or on calculations of increased thickness of the lithosphere as a result of faulting. Detrital erosion rates can be increased both by increased relief in the drainage basin and by a change to more seasonal rainfall patterns. The geologic record provides no clear answer to the question whether uplift caused the climatic deterioration of the Neogene or whether the changing climate affected the erosion system in such a way as to create an illusion of uplift. We suggest that the spread of C4 plants in the Late Miocene may have altered both the erosion and climate systems. These changes are responsible for the apparent contradictions between data supporting uplift and those supporting high elevations in the past.
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  • 73
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    Are rocky shore ecosystems affected by nutrient-enriched seawater? Some preliminary results from a mesocosm experiment (2002)
    Springer
    In:  Hydrobiologia, 484 . pp. 167-175.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2018-07-02
    Beschreibung: The response of rocky shore ecosystems to increased nutrient availability was examined in eight land-based mesocosms designed for hard-bottom littoral communities built at Marine Research Station Solbergstrand (Norway). The average seawater volume in each basin was 9 m3 with an average water residence time of about 2 h. A tidal regime resembling that in the fjord was maintained in the basins, and waves were generated regularly. NH4NO3 and H3PO4, at a constant molar NP ratio of 16:1, was added into 6 basins at concentrations 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 μM DIN above the background DIN concentration during 1 1/2 years. Two mesocosms were kept as control treatment. Marine communities were introduced into the basins two years prior to the start of nutrient dosage. The effects of nutrient enrichment were few and only marginal during the first year of nutrient addition, while some effects became more obvious during the second year. The growth rate of the periphyton and fast-growing macroalgae communities was stimulated by nutrient enrichment, while the response was less evident among the perennial fucoids. The structure of the macroalgal communities, however, did not change during 16 months' measurements. In contrast, growth on artificial rock substrates during the same period of time revealed intensive growth of the fast-growing Ulva lactuca in high-dosed basins compared with low-dosed and control basins, which were dominated by the fucoid Fucus serratus. The fauna communities exhibited only a minor response to nutrient treatment. The common periwinkle Littorina littorea, however, appeared with increased abundance in the high-dosed basins. The total system metabolism tended to increase slightly, but not significantly, with increased nutrient loading.
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  • 74
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    Parasites of the Antarctic rattail Macrourus whitsoni (Regan, 1913) (Macrouridae, Gadiformes) (2002)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology, 25 . pp. 633-640.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-11-09
    Beschreibung: A total of 386 Macrourus whitsoni from Antarctic waters were examined for ecto- and endoparasites. Sixty-five M. whitsoni collected near Halley Bay (Weddell Sea) and 321 specimens from the continental slope off King George Island (South Shetland Islands) were studied for sphyriid copepods directly after being caught. A subsample of 25 specimens from the Weddell Sea and of 9 specimens from King George Island were studied for the presence of other metazoan parasites. Twenty-two species were found, including one myxozoan, six digeneans, one monogenean, three cestodes, seven nematodes, one acanthocephalan and three crustacean species/taxa. While Auerbachia monstrosa and Capillaria sp. are reported for the first time from around the Antarctic, the other parasites have been recorded earlier in the Southern Ocean. Many parasite species found have a wide zoogeographical range and a low host-specificity. The parasite fauna of M. whitsoni revealed several similarities with its congeners M. carinatus and M. holotrachys from Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters. This can be explained by a wide host range of many macrourid deep-sea parasites, together with an overlap in distribution patterns of their hosts. Other supporting factors are host migration and a close phylogenetic relationship between the hosts, which enable the parasites to infest all three macrourids. Eight new host and 14 new locality records are established.
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  • 75
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    Growth, natural mortality, length-weight relationship, maximum length and length-at-first-maturity of the coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae (2000)
    Springer
    In:  Environmental Biology of Fishes, 58 . pp. 45-52.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-12-21
    Beschreibung: Based on the re-interpretation of published data, the von Bertalanffy growth function parameters of the coelacanth, Latimeria chalumnae, are estimated as L∞=218 cm total length, s.e. 23; K=0.059 (year−1), s.e. 0.012; t0=−3.3 (year), s.e. 0.5, corresponding to a life span of 48 years. The length–weight relationship of the form W=a*TL∧b, with wet weight (W) in g and total length (TL) in cm, is estimated as a=0.0278, b=2.89, r2=0.893, n=87, range=42.5–183 cm TL. Using extreme value theory, the maximum length for female coelacanths is estimated as 199 cm TL (95% confidence interval=175–223 cm TL) and for males as 168 cm TL (95% confidence interval 155–180 cm TL). Based on data from seven females with embryos or mature eggs, the length-at-first-maturity for females is estimated to be about 150 cm TL, corresponding to an age of about 16 years. Based on the value of t0=−3.3 years and on the presence of three scale rings found in a newborn coelacanth, the period of embryogenesis lasts for about three years, the longest known in vertebrates. The natural mortality rate is estimated at M=0.12. Population food consumption is found to be 1.4 times the existing biomass per year, and gross food conversion efficiency indicates that only 10% of the consumed food is utilized for somatic growth.
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  • 76
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    Mud volcanoes and gas hydrates in the Black Sea: new data from Dvurechenskii and Odessa mud volcanoes (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Geo-Marine Letters, 23 (3-4). pp. 239-249.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-05-22
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  • 77
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    Seasonal variations in the behavioural thermoregulation of roosting Humboldt Penguins (Spheniscus humboldti) in north-central Chile. (2004)
    Springer
    In:  Journal of Ornithology, 145 . pp. 35-40.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2018-04-03
    Beschreibung: We examined the thermoregulatory behaviour (TRB) of roosting Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti) in north central Chile during summer and winter, when ambient temperatures (Ta) are most extreme. Each body posture was considered to represent a particular TRB, which was ranked in a sequence that reflected different degrees of thermal load and was assigned an arbitrary thermoregulatory score. During summer, birds exhibited eight different TRBs, mainly oriented to heat dissipation, and experienced a wide range of Ta (from 14 to 31°C), occasionally above their thermoneutral zone (TNZ, from 2 to 30°C), this being evident by observations of extreme thermoregulatory responses such as panting. In winter, birds exhibited only three TRBs, mainly oriented to heat retention, and experienced a smaller range of Ta (from 11 to 18°C), always within the TNZ, even at night. The components of behavioural responses increased directly with the heat load which explains the broader behavioural repertoire observed in summer. Since penguins are primarily adapted in morphology and physiology to cope with low water temperatures, our results suggest that behavioural thermoregulation may be important in the maintenance of the thermal balance in Humboldt penguins while on land.
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  • 78
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    Investigation and assimilation of nitrogen from benthic sediments by threee species of coral (2004)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 145 . pp. 1097-1106.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2018-06-07
    Beschreibung: We quantified the nitrogen and enzyme hydrolyzable amino acid (EHAA) concentrations of sediments prior to and after corals sloughed, ingested, and egested sediments layered onto their surfaces, for the three coral species Siderastrea siderea, Agaricia agaricites, and Porites astreoides in Jamaica. The percent nitrogen of the sediments egested by all three species was lower than in the sediments available to the corals. Additionally, the sediments sloughed (not ingested) by A. agaricites and P. astreoides were lower in percent nitrogen, while the sediments sloughed by S. siderea had the same percent nitrogen as that of the available sediments. The percent nitrogen of the sediments sloughed and egested by P. astreoides showed significant negative and positive relationships, respectively, to increasing sediment loads, while the percent nitrogen of the sediments sloughed and egested by both S. siderea and A. agaricites showed no relationship to sediment load. EHAA concentrations were not significantly different between the sloughed and available sediments but were significantly lower in the sediments egested by S. siderea and A. agaricites (EHAA concentrations were not measured for P. astreodies sediment fractions). Comparisons of the nitrogen and EHAA concentrations in the sloughed and egested sediments to what was available prior to coral processing show that maximum ingestion was between 0.1 and 0.2 µg N µg−1 coral N cm−2 and between 0.5 and 0.6 µg EHAA·cm−2. Maximum assimilation efficiencies were estimated to be 30–60% of the available nitrogen. The data show that corals ingest and alter the nitrogen concentration of particles that land on their surfaces. The corals’ abilities to process these sediments, and the sediments’ possible contributions to coral nutrition, are discussed based on these results.
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  • 79
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    Lip-reading in remote subjects: An attempt to quantify and separate ingestion, breathing and vocalisation in free-living animals (2002)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 140 . pp. 17-27.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2018-06-07
    Beschreibung: A new mandibular sensor is presented here based on the use of a Hall sensor, attached to one mandible, opposite a magnet, attached to the other mandible. Changes in sensor voltage, proportional to magnetic field strength, and thus inter-mandibular angle, are recorded in a logger. This system was tested on seven captive Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) and three gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) during: (1) feeding trials on land, where birds were given known quantities and types of food; and (2) trials in water where birds were allowed to swim and dive freely. In addition, six free-living Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) were equipped with the system for single foraging trips. Angular signatures were looked for in instances when both captive and free-living birds might open their beaks, and it was discovered that five major behaviours could be identified: ingestion, breathing, calling, head shaking and preening. Captive feeding trials showed that prey mass could be determined with reasonable accuracy (r 2=0.92), and there was some indication that prey type could be resolved if recording frequency were high enough. Vocalisations in Adélie penguins (arc calls) took 〈0.7 s for mean maximum beak angles of 4.2° (SD 1.3), and were distinguished by their relatively gradual change in beak angle and by their high degree of symmetry. Beak shakings were distinguishable by their short duration (multiple peaks of 〈0.5 s) and minimal maximum angle (〈0.5°). Preening behaviour was apparent due to multiple decreasing peaks (angles 〈8°). Breathing could be subdivided into that during porpoising, where a characteristic double peak in beak angle was recorded, and that during normal surface rests between dives. During porpoising, only the primary peak (mean maximum beak angle 25.1°, SD 4.7) occurred when the bird was out of the water (mean maximum for second peak 5.9°, SD 4.1). During normal surface rests in free-living birds, breaths could be distinguished as a series of beak openings and closures, showing variation in amplitude and frequency according to an apparent recovery from the previous dive and preparation for the subsequent dive to come. The mandibular measuring system presented shows considerable promise for elucidating many hitherto intractable aspects of the behaviour of free-living animals.
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  • 80
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    Long term records of erosional change from marine ferromanganese crusts (2000)
    Springer
    In:  Journal of Earth System Science, 109 . pp. 171-180.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2018-01-24
    Beschreibung: Ferromanganese crusts from the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans record the Nd and Pb isotope compositions of the water masses from which they form as hydrogenous precipitates. The10Be/9Be-calibrated time series for crusts are compared to estimates based on Co-contents, from which the equatorial Pacific crusts studied are inferred to have recorded ca. 60 Ma of Pacific deep water history. Time series of ɛNd show that the oceans have maintained a strong provinciality in Nd isotopic composition, determined by terrigenous inputs, over periods of up to 60 Ma. Superimposed on the distinct basin-specific signatures are variations in Nd and Pb isotope time series which have been particularly marked over the last 5 Ma. It is shown that changes in erosional inputs, particularly associated with Himalayan uplift and the northern hemisphere glaciation have influenced Indian and Atlantic Ocean deep water isotopic compositions respectively. There is no evidence so far for an imprint of the final closure of the Panama Isthmus on the Pb and Nd isotopic composition in either Atlantic or Pacific deep water masses.
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  • 81
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    Introduction to Kiel Graduate School papers - Editorial (2002)
    Springer
    In:  International Journal of Earth Sciences, 91 (4). pp. 559-561.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2018-05-30
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  • 82
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    The REE-Ti mineral chevkinite in comenditic magmas from Gran Canaria, Spain: a SYXRF-probe study (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 145 (6). pp. 730-741.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-09-21
    Beschreibung: The REE-Ti silicate chevkinite has been recognised previously in Miocene ignimbrites from Gran Canaria, and in correlative offshore syn-ignimbrite turbidites. We have estimated the partition coefficients of REE, Y, Zr and Nb for chevkinite and co-existing peralkaline rhyolitic (comendite) glass using synchrotron-XRF-probe analyses (SYXRF) in order to evaluate the role of this mineral in the REE budget of felsic peralkaline magmas. The Zr/Nb ratio of the chevkinite is 1.55–1.7, strongly contrasting with Zr/Nb of 6.5 in the associated glass. Zr shows a three-fold enrichment in chevkinite relative to the residual melt, whereas Nb is enriched by a factor 〉10. The enrichment of Ce and La in chevkinite is even more significant, namely 19 wt(%) Ce and 12 wt(%) La, compared to 236 ppm Ce and 119 ppm La in the glass. Chevkinite/glass ratios are 988±30 for La, 806±30 for Ce, 626±30 for Pr, 615±40 for Nd, 392±50 for Sm, 225±30 for Eu, 142±25 for Gd, 72±20 for Dy. For trace elements, we derived KdTE of 74±25 for Y, 〉8 for Hf, 〉50 for Th, 15±5 for Nb and 3.55±0.4 for Zr. Mineral/glass ratios for co-existing titanite are 28±10 for La, 86±20 for Ce, 98±30 for Pr, 134±35 for Nd, 240±50 for Sm, 50±20 for Eu, 96±25 for Gd, 82±25 for Dy, 99±30 for Y, 45±10 for Nb and 3±0.5 for Zr. Based on these data, the removal of only 0.05 wt% of chevkinite from a magma with initially 300 ppm Ce would deplete the melt by 93 ppm to yield 207 ppm Ce in the residual liquid. Chevkinite thus appears, when present, to be the controlling mineral within the LREE budget of evolved peralkaline magmas.
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  • 83
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    Long-term trends in abundance of cladocerans in the Central Baltic: the influence of hydrography and predation by fish (2002)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 141 . pp. 343-352.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2018-06-07
    Beschreibung: Long-term dynamics (1960–1997) of the cladoceran species Bosmina coregoni maritima, Evadne nordmanni and Podon spp. are described for the Gdansk Deep and the Gotland Basin (Central Baltic Sea). By using correlation analyses on seasonal time-series, the influence of temperature and salinity on the abundance of cladoceran species was investigated. A clear affinity to higher temperature was found for B. coregoni maritima in summer as well as for E. nordmanni and Podon spp. in spring. In addition to temperature, association tests with salinity revealed besides species-specific preferences, regional and temporal differences. Contrary to B. coregoni maritima, both other species were positively associated to salinity in summer and autumn in the Gdansk Deep. In the Gotland Basin only E. nordmanni was positively correlated to salinity in autumn. Differences in the response to hydrographic variables are possibly stage specific, i.e. between resting eggs and adults, or due to a different adaptation to the abiotic environment.
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  • 84
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    Hydrothermal Iron and Manganese Crusts from the Pitcairn Hotspot Region. (2004)
    Springer
    In:  In: Oceanic hotspots: intraplate submarine magmatism and tectonism / R. , ed. by Hekinian, R., Stoffers, P. and Cheminee, J. L. Springer, ---, pp. 375-405.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-09-23
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  • 85
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    Biogenic particle sources and vertical flux patterns in the seasonally ice-covered Greenland Sea (2001)
    Springer
    In:  In: The Northern North Atlantic: A Changing Environment. , ed. by Schäfer, P., Ritzrau, W., Schlüter, M. and Thiede, J. Springer, Berlin, pp. 53-68.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-04-01
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  • 86
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    The mineralogical composition of precursor sediments of calcareous rhythmites: a new approach (2001)
    Springer
    In:  International Journal of Earth Sciences, 90 . pp. 795-812.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-05-28
    Beschreibung: Previous studies in Silurian carbonates from Gotland (Sweden) have led to a model for the development of limestone–marl alternations. This model postulates that early diagenesis of precursor sediments without strong primary differences can result in a differentiation by selective dissolution of aragonite in marl beds and reprecipitation of calcite cement in limestone beds. This model is described as a set of mathematical equations that quantify the diagenetic processes (aragonite dissolution and calcite reprecipitation) that occur during the formation of limestone–marl interbeds from a hypothetical homogeneous precursor sediment. The calculations demonstrate that resulting hypothetical limestone–marl alternations show characteristic mathematical relationships between the ratios of the bed thicknesses of limestones and marls on one side, and the carbonate contents, on the other. By reversing this model, the original mineralogical composition of the precursor sediment of real-world rhythmic successions can be determined. In this study, alternations from the Silurian of Gotland, the Cambrian, Devonian, and Mississippian of North America, the Jurassic of France and Germany, and the Cretaceous of France are shown to exhibit mathematical relationships similar to those calculated for hypothetical precursor sediments without primary differences. Therefore, the mineralogical composition of their precursor sediments can be estimated. In contrast, the clear mismatch shown by the Lower Jurassic Belemnite Marls from Dorset indicates that these rhythms did not suffer an early diagenetic overprint. Our model helps to differentiate between rhythmites with strong depositional variations and those without; however, it cannot indicate whether a given alternation is the product of rhythmic diagenesis of a homogeneous precursor sediment or the result of diagenetic enhancement of subtle underlying sedimentary rhythms. For horizontally correlated patterns, such as laterally extensive beds and layers of nodules, an a priori unknown external signal has to be assumed.
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  • 87
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    The eruptive history and volcanic hazards of Savo, Solomon Islands (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Bulletin of Volcanology, 65 (2-3). pp. 165-181.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-05-29
    Beschreibung: Savo Island is the 6-km-diameter emergent summit of an andesitic-dacitic stratovolcano, rising from the Iron Bottom Sound, 35 km NW of Honiara, Solomon Islands. Savo has erupted at least three times within recorded history and the 3,000 inhabitants maintain extensive oral traditions of past events. Through description and interpretation of the volcaniclastic sequences on the island, in conjunction with historical accounts and oral traditions, we reconstruct the eruptive processes on Savo. Block-and-ash flow (BAF) deposits are volumetrically dominant on the island within three main depositional environments: near-vent sequences, thick medial channel sequences and distal fan sequences. The deposits comprise universally non-vesicular and highly porphyritic (40–70% phenocrysts), high-silica andesite and dacite clasts. These appear to have been derived from collapsing lava domes during an 1560–1570 a.d. eruption. However, eyewitness descriptions and crater morphology suggest that similar deposits formed from dome explosions or collapses of eruption columns during later eruptions (1830–1840a.d.).Thehigh-sodiummagmas(ca.5–7wt% Na2O) apparently crystallised and strongly degassed prior to eruption. Shallow explosions were possibly caused by entrapment of magmatic gases beneath a dome or conduit plug of highly crystalline, near solid magma. Repeated sealing of the vent may have been due to inward collapse of the highly altered rocks of the surrounding hydrothermal system; these rocks probably were saturated due to contemporaneous high intensity rainfall events. BAFs were hot enough to char vegetation and attain aligned clast TRM (thermal remnant magnetism) up to 3 km from the vent, many being accompanied by ash-cloud surges. Changes with distance in the BAF deposits appear mostly dependent on flow confinement and are limited to an overall decrease in thickness and maximum clast size, and an increased definition of weak planar fabrics. In distal fan sequences, there is strong evidence for syn- and posteruptive redeposition of primary deposits. Since the Savo population is concentrated on coastal volcaniclastic fans, we consider the greatest volcanic risk to life is from BAFs, associated ash-cloud surges and lahars. Hence, the main channels and fans are designated as the highest of three relative hazard zones on a simple map prepared to aid local education and planning initiatives on Savo.
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  • 88
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    Fast static correction methods for high-frequency multichannel marine seismic reflection data: A high-resolution seismic study of channel-levee systems on the Bengal Fan (2002)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Geophysical Research, 23 . pp. 57-75.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-06-22
    Beschreibung: Very high-frequency marine multichannel seismic reflection data generated by small-volume air- or waterguns allow detailed, high-resolution studies of sedimentary structures of the order of one to few metres wavelength. The high-frequency content, however, requires (1) a very exact knowledge of the source and receiver positions, and (2) the development of data processing methods which take this exact geometry into account. Static corrections are crucial for the quality of very high-frequency stacked data because static shifts caused by variations of the source and streamer depths are of the order of half to one dominant wavelength, so that they can lead to destructive interference during stacking of CDP sorted traces. As common surface-consistent residual static correction methods developed for land seismic data require fixed shot and receiver locations two simple and fast techniques have been developed for marine seismic data with moving sources and receivers to correct such static shifts. The first method – called CDP static correction method – is based on a simultaneous recording of Parasound sediment echosounder and multichannel seismic reflection data. It compares the depth information derived from the first arrivals of both data sets to calculate static correction time shifts for each seismic channel relative to the Parasound water depths. The second method – called average static correction method – utilises the fact that the streamer depth is mainly controlled by bird units, which keep the streamer in a predefined depth at certain increments but do not prevent the streamer from being slightly buoyant in-between. In case of calm weather conditions these streamer bendings mainly contribute to the overall static time shifts, whereas depth variations of the source are negligible. Hence, mean static correction time shifts are calculated for each channel by averaging the depth values determined at each geophone group position for several subsequent shots. Application of both methods to data of a high-resolution seismic survey of channel-levee systems on the Bengal Fan shows that the quality of the stacked section can be improved significantly compared to stacking results achieved without preceding static corrections. The optimised records show sedimentary features in great detail, that are not visible without static corrections. Limitations only result from the sea floor topography. The CDP static correction method generally provides more coherent reflections than the average static correction method but can only be applied in areas with rather flat sea floor, where no diffraction hyperbolae occur. In contrast, the average static correction method can also be used in regions with rough morphology, but the coherency of reflections is slightly reduced compared to the results of the CDP static correction method.
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  • 89
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    Metasomatic reactions between carbonated plume melts and mantle harzburgite: the evidence from Friday and Domingo Seamounts (Juan Fernandez chain, SE Pacific) (2000)
    Springer
    In:  Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 139 (1). pp. 68-84.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-09-21
    Beschreibung: Two submarine volcanoes (named Friday and Domingo) have been mapped and sampled to the west of the youngest island (Alexander Selkirk) in the Juan Fernandez chain, SE Pacific. Samples from the seamounts are fresh, highly vesicular olivine and plagioclase-phyric basanites. Their MgO contents lie between 7 and 4 wt.%. Major element variation trends, especially decreasing SiO2 with increasing MgO, cannot be explained by crystal fractionation, and suggest the influence of CO2 during partial melting. Highly incompatible element ratios in both Friday and Domingo magmas are identical, with the exception of ratios involving Th and Nb for which Domingo shows depletions. These depletions are coupled with depletions in Zr, Hf and Ca and enrichments in the heavy rare-earth elements and Al2O3. All these geochemical features can be explained if the Domingo magmas reacted with harzburgitic mantle materials during transit to the surface in a manner shown experimentally to occur during CO2-dominated kimberlite magmatism. The metasomatism results in the stabilisation of clinopyroxene, rutile and zircon which withhold the elements depleted at Domingo, and the breakdown of garnet which releases HREE and Al into the magmas. Magmas erupting from the large, more mature Friday edifice have traversed a mantle region already metasomatised during earlier stages of volcanism and so are not significantly modified during passage. The Juan Fernandez trace element patterns are similar to the low 87Sr/86Sr, high 143Nd/144Nd components in many Pacific hotspots and to the pattern suggested for recycled, altered, dehydrated oceanic crust, implying that such recycled crust is a common component in many hotspots. Isotopically, the Juan Fernandez magmas lie between the composition of prevalent mantle (PREMA) and HIMU.
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  • 90
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    Late Cenozoic volcanism in the western Woodlark Basin area, SW Pacific: the sources of marine volcanic ash layers based on their elemental and Sr-Nd isotope compositions (2003)
    Springer
    In:  Bulletin of Volcanology, 65 (2-3). pp. 182-200.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-12-23
    Beschreibung: Tephra fallout layers and volcaniclastic deposits, derived from volcanic sources around and on the Papuan Peninsula, form a substantial part of the Woodlark Basin marine sedimentary succession. Sampling by the Ocean Drilling Program Leg 180 in the western Woodlark Basin provides the opportunity to document the distribution of the volcanically-derived components as well as to evaluate their chronology, chemistry, and isotope compositions in order to gain information on the volcanic sources and original magmatic systems. Glass shards selected from 57 volcanogenic layers within the sampled Pliocene–Pleistocene sedimentary sequence show predominantly rhyolitic compositions, with subordinate basaltic andesites, basaltic trachy-andesites, andesites, trachy-andesites, dacites, and phonolites. It was possible to correlate only a few of the volcanogenic layers between sites using geochemical and age information apparently because of the formation of strongly compartmentalised sedimentary realms on this actively rifting margin. In many cases it was possible to correlate Leg 180 volcanic components with their eruption source areas based on chemical and isotope compositions. Likely sources for a considerable number of the volcanogenic deposits are Moresby and Dawson Strait volcanoes (D’Entrecasteaux Islands region) for high-K calc-alkaline glasses. The Dawson Strait volcanoes appear to represent the source for five peralkaline tephra layers. One basaltic andesitic volcaniclastic layer shows affinities to basaltic andesites from the Woodlark spreading tip and Cheshire Seamount. For other layers, a clear identification of the sources proved impossible, although their isotope and chemical signatures suggest similarities to south-west Pacific subduction volcanism, e.g. New Britain and Tonga– Kermadec island arcs. Volcanic islands in the Trobriand Arc (for example, Woodlark Island Amphlett Islands and/ or Egum Atoll) are probable sources for several volcaniclastic layers with ages between 1.5 to 3 Ma. The Lusancay Islands can be excluded as a source for the volcanogenic layers found during Leg 180. Generally, the volcanogenic layers indicate much calc-alkaline rhyolitic volcanism in eastern Papua since 3.8 Ma. Starting at 135 ka, however, peralkaline tephra layers appear. This geochemical change in source characteristics might reflect the onset of a change in geotectonic regime, from crustal subduction to spreading, affecting the D’Entrecasteaux Islands region. Initial 143Nd/144Nd ratios as low as 0.5121 and 0.5127 for two of the tephra layers are interpreted as indicating that D’Entrecasteaux Islands volcanism younger than 2.9 Ma occasionally interacted with the Late Archean basement, possibly reflecting the mobilisation of the deep continental crust during active rift propagation.
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  • 91
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    Variability of the meridional overturning circulation of the North Atlantic: Sensitivity to overflows of dense water masses (2004)
    Springer
    In:  Ocean Dynamics, 54 (1). pp. 92-106.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-02-06
    Beschreibung: A numerical model of the Atlantic Ocean was used to study the low-frequency variability of meridional transports in the North Atlantic. The model shows a behaviour similar to those used in previous studies, and the temporal variability of certain variables compares favourably to observed time series. By changing the depth and width of the sills between the subpolar North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas, the mean horizontal and overturning circulation as well as some water mass properties are modified significantly. The reaction of meridional oceanic transports to atmospheric forcing fluctuations remains, however, unchanged. The critical role of the surface heat flux retroaction term for the meridional heat transport in stand-alone ocean models is discussed. The experiments underline the role of atmospheric variability for fluctuations of the large-scale ocean circulation on time scales from years to decades, and they support the hypothesis that the mean overturning strength is controlled by the model representation of the density of the overflow water masses.
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  • 92
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    Pelagic food web configurations at different levels of nutrient richness and their implications for the ratio fish production: primary production (2002)
    Springer
    In:  In: Sustainable Increase of Marine Harvesting: Fundamental Mechanisms and New Concepts: Proceedings of the 1 st Maricult Conference held in Trondheim, Norway, 25-28 June 2000. , ed. by Vadstein, O. and Olsen, Y. Developments in Hydrobiology, 167 . Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 11-20. ISBN 978-90-481-6217-8
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-01-30
    Beschreibung: Based on existing knowledge about phytoplankton responses to nutrients and food size spectra of herbivorous zooplankton, three different configurations of pelagic food webs are proposed for three different types of marine nutrient regimes: (1) upwelling systems, (2) oligotrophic oceanic systems, (3) eutrophicated coastal systems. Up-welling systems are characterised by high levels of plant nutrients and high ratios of Si to N and R. Phytoplankton consists mainly of diatoms together with a subdominant contribution of flagellates. Most phytoplankton falls into the food spectrum of herbivorous, crustacean zooplankton. Therefore, herbivorous crustaceans occupy trophic level 2 and zooplanktivorous fish occupy trophic level 3. Phytoplankton in oligotrophic, oceanic systems is dominated by picoplankton, which are too small to be ingested by copepods. Most primary production is channelled through the ‘microbial loop’ (picoplankton — heterotrophic nanoflagellates — ciliates). Sporadically, pelagic tunicates also consume a substantial proportion of primary production. Herbivorous crustaceans feed on heterotrophic nanoflagellates and ciliates, thus occupying a food chain position between 3 and 4, which leads to a food chain position between 4 and 5 for zooplanktivorous fish. By cultural eutrophication, N and P availability are elevated while Si remains unaffected or even declines. Diatoms decrease in relative importance while summer blooms of inedible algae (Phaeocystis, toxic dinoflagellates, toxic prymnesiophyceae, etc.) prevail. The spring bloom may still contain a substantial contribution of diatoms. The production of the inedible algae enters the pelagic energy flow via the detritus food chain: DOC release by cell lysis — bacteria — heterotrophic nanoflagellates — ciliates. Accordingly, crustacean zooplankton occupy food chain position 4 to 5 during the non-diatom seasons. Ecological efficiency considerations lead to the conclusion that fish production:primary production ratios should be highest in upwelling systems and substantially lower in oligotrophic and in culturally eutrophicated systems. Further losses of fish production may occur when carnivorous, gelatinous zooplankton (jellyfish) replace fish.
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  • 93
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    Heat flow and quantity of methane deduced from a gas hydrate field in the vicinity of the Dnieper Canyon, northwestern Black Sea (2004)
    Springer
    In:  Geo-Marine Letters, 24 (3). pp. 182-193.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-05-24
    Beschreibung: Seismic reflection data document for the first time the existence of a BSR in a limited area west of the Dnieper Canyon in the northwestern Black Sea. Seismic wide-angle data suggest that gas hydrates occupy in average 15±2% of the pore space in a zone of 100 m in thickness. A conservative quantification of the amount of methane associated with this gas hydrate occurrence is about 12±3×1011 m3 (0.6±0.2 Gt of methane carbon). Conductive heat flow deduced from the BSR depth is in the range of 21±6 to 55±15 mW m−2.
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  • 94
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    Sustainable Production of Bioactive Compounds by Sponges? Cell Culture and Gene Cluster Approach: A Review (2004)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biotechnology, 6 (2).
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    Publikationsdatum: 2015-08-26
    Beschreibung: Sponges (phylum Porifera) are sessile marine filter feeders that have developed efficient defense mechanisms against foreign attackers such as viruses, bacteria, or eukaryotic organisms. Protected by a highly complex immune system, as well as by the capacity to produce efficient antiviral compounds (e.g., nucleoside analogues), antimicrobial compounds (e.g., polyketides), and cytostatic compounds (e.g., avarol), they have not become extinct during the last 600 million years. It can be assumed that during this long period of time, bacteria and microorganisms coevolved with sponges, and thus acquired a complex common metabolism. It is suggested that (at least) some of the bioactive secondary metabolites isolated from sponges are produced by functional enzyme clusters, which originated from the sponges and their associated microorganisms. As a consequence, both the host cells and the microorganisms lost the ability to grow independently from each other. Therefore, it was—until recently—impossible to culture sponge cells in vitro. Also the predominant number of “symbiotic bacteria” proved to be nonculturable. In order to exploit the bioactive potential of both the sponge and the “symbionts,” a 3D-aggregate primmorph culture system was established; also it was proved that one bioactive compound, avarol/avarone, is produced by the sponge Dysidea avara. Another promising way to utilize the bioactive potential of the microorganisms is the cloning and heterologous expression of enzymes involved in secondary metabolism, such as the polyketide synthases.
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  • 95
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    An Unusual Polynya in an Arctic Fjord (1980)
    Springer
    In:  In: Fjord Oceanography. , ed. by Freeland, H. J., Farmer, D. M. and Levings, C. D. Springer, New York, pp. 299-304.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-01-12
    Beschreibung: M. Dunbar (1957) called attention to the existence of a small circular polynya about 50 m in diameter in Cambridge Fiord in northern Baffin Island for which there was no obvious explanation. Other small polynyas are known in arctic fjords which are usually the result of turbulent mixing in areas of strong currents (Sadler 1974), but Cambridge Fiord is 100 km long, its tidal range is small, and the polynya is situated within 300 m of the delta face at the head of the fjord so that strong turbulence is very unlikely. The annual reappearance of the polynya in late winter is confirmed by a series of aerial survey photographs taken by the Royal Canadian Air Force between 1952 and 1957 and also by reports from Inuit hunters from Pond Inlet. It is first seen within about two weeks of 15 March appearing in exactly the same position each year as a circle with a diameter of about 40 m. Over a period of about a week, a lead extends from the polynya to the shore and open water is visible in the tide crack for several hundred metres either side of the shore end of the lead. The lead, unlike the polynya, changes its position from year to year, but once formed it remains fixed until general break-up (Figure 1).
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  • 96
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    Sulfate assimilation in Rhodopseudomonas globiformis (1981)
    Springer
    In:  Archives of Microbiology, 130 (3). pp. 234-237.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-01-21
    Beschreibung: Rhodopseudomonas globiformis is able to grow on sulfate as sole source of sulfur, but only at concentrations below 1 mM. Good growth was observed with thiosulfate, cysteine or methionine as sulfur sources. Tetrathionate supported slow growth. Sulfide and sulfite were growth inhibitory. Growth inhibition by higher sulfate concentrations was overcome by the addition of O-acetylserine, which is known as derepressor of sulfate-assimilating enzymes, and by reduced glutathione. All enzymes of the sulfate assimilation pathway. ATP-sulfurylase, adenylylphosphate-sulfotransferase, thiosulfonate reductase and O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase are present in R. globiformis. Sulfate was taken up by the cells and the sulfur incorporated into the amino acids cysteine, methionine and homocysteine. It is concluded, that the failure of R. globiformis to grow on higher concentrations of sulfate is caused by disregulation of the sulfate assimilation pathway. Some preliminary evidence for this view is given in comparing the activities of some of the involved enzymes after growth on different sulfur sources and by examining the effect of O-acetylserine on these activities.
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  • 97
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    Occurrence and evolutionary significance of two sulfate assimilation pathways in the rhodospirillaceae (1982)
    Springer
    In:  Archives of Microbiology, 132 (2). pp. 197-203.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-01-21
    Beschreibung: The ability to use adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (APS) or 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) as the substrate for the initial reductive step in sulfate assimilation has been tested in most of the known Rhodospirillaceae species and in some chemotrophic bacteria. Improved and optimized methods for the synthesis and purification of the sulfonucleotides APS and PAPS are described. The production of acid volatile radioactivity from 35S-APS and 35S-PAPS was measured under various conditions in the presence and absence of non-labeled sulfate. Specific differences in the ability to reduce APS or PAPS were observed among the Rhodospirillaceae species and also the chemotrophic bacteria. APS was found to be the substrate of the thiolsulfotransferase in Rps. acidophila, Rps. globiformis, Rm. vannielii, Rc. purpureus, R. tenue, Rps. gelatinosa, in Alcaligenes eutrophus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PAPS was the substrate in Rps. capsulata, Rps. sphaeroides, Rps. sulfidophila, Rps. palustris, Rps. viridis, R. rubrum, R. fulvum, in Paracoccus denitrificans and in several Enterobacteriaceae. The presence of different enzymatic systems for sulfate reduction in the Rhodospirillaceae family is compared with their taxonomical grouping and their possible phylogenetic relatedness.
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  • 98
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    Sulfate assimilation in Rhodopseudomonas sulfidophila (1983)
    Springer
    In:  Archives of Microbiology, 136 (2). pp. 96-101.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-01-21
    Beschreibung: The mechanism of sulfate assimilation was investigated in Rhodopseudomonas sulfidophila, a bacterium able to grow either photoautotrophically, with sulfide as electron donor, or photoheterotrophically with sulfate as sole sulfur source. ATP sulfurylase, adenosine-5′-phosphosulfate kinase, 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase, thiosulfonate reductase and cysteine synthase were present. Reduced sulfur compounds, especially sulfide and sulfite repressed all steps of sulfate activation and reduction including sulfate uptake. Adenosine-5′-phosphosulfate kinase activity in contrast to the other activities was high in the presence of cysteine or reduced glutathione in the growth medium. Sulfur was incorporated into the cellular sulfolipid from sulfate and also from reduced sulfur compounds like cysteine and thiosulfate. The activity of 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase was rapidly lost during gel filtration or dialysis. From comparison with other sulfotransferases and from the specific cofactor requirement for the enzyme of R. sulfidophila it is concluded that two different low molecular weight cofactors are required in this system. A reaction sequence is proposed involving thioredoxin as the reductant of another dialysable low molecular weight cofactor, that binds to the protein.
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  • 99
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    Rhodopseudomonas adriatica sp. nov., a new species of the Rhodospirillaceae, dependent on reduced sulfur compounds (1984)
    Springer
    In:  Archives of Microbiology, 137 (3). pp. 256-261.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-01-22
    Beschreibung: A new purple nonsulfur bacterium was isolated from enrichment cultures of a sulfide-containing marine lagoon. The bacterium is similar to Rhodopseudomonas capsulata and is described as a new species of the genus Rhodopseudomonas: Rhodopseudomonas adriatica. Cells are non-motile, 0.5–0.8 μm by 1.3–1.8 μm, and multiply by binary fission. Intracytoplasmic membranes are of the vesicular type. The photosynthetic pigments are bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the spheroidene group. Growth is possible anaerobically in the light and at low pO2 in the dark. Biotin and thiamine are required as growth factors. A wide variety of organic compounds, as well as sulfide and thiosulfate, are used as photosynthetic electron donors. Sulfide is oxidized to elemental sulfur, which is subsequently converted to sulfate, whereas thiosulfate oxidation occurs without measurable intermediate. Rhodopseudomonas adriatica is unable to assimilate sulfate, growth is only possible in the presence of a reduced sulfur compound.
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  • 100
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    Towards a phylogeny of phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria - the genus Ectothiorhodospira (1984)
    Springer
    In:  Archives of Microbiology, 137 (4). pp. 366-370.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-01-22
    Beschreibung: Seven strains of five species of the genus Ectothiorhodospira were characterized by oligonucleotide cataloguing of their 16S rRNA in order to determine the phylogenetic relationship to one another and to other phototrophic purple bacteria. All representatives of Ectothiorhodospira are members of that line of descent defined by phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria and relatives, showing a moderate relationship to those phototrophic organisms forming globules of elemental sulfur inside the cell (Chromatium and relatives). The 5 Ectothiorhodospira species fall into two subgroups. E.halophila, E. halochloris and E. abdelmalekii form one, E. mobilis, E. shaposhnikovii and the unnamed strain BN 9906 form the second subgroup. Within the two subgroups the strains are closely related, while the degree of relatedness found between members of the two subgroups is more distant.
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