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  • taxonomy  (180)
  • Springer  (180)
  • 2000-2004  (67)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Schlagwort(e): Biogeography ; geographic variation ; taxonomy ; Amazilia ; Trochilidae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie stellt die Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen zur Biogeographie, geographischen Variation, Habitatwahl und Taxonomie der Lesson-Amazilie (Amazilia amazilia) vor. Das Taxon umfaßt gegenwärtig fünf Unterarten, die von W-Ecuador bis SW-Peru verbreitet sind und überwiegend submontane Lebensräume besiedeln. Die Ventralfärbung unterliegt klinaler Variation; weiße Gefiederanteile nehmen von nördlichen zu südlichen Populationen ab, rotbraune Partien dagegen zu. Eigenständige morphologisch-morphometrische Kennzeichen sowie Unterschiede in den Habitatpräferenzen und in der Gesangsstruktur rechtfertigen es, die bisherige UnterartA. a. alticola als Paraspezies (A. alticola, Loja-Amazilie) anzuerkennen. Der Vulgärname weist auf den rezenten Verbreitungsschwerpunkt in den südecuadorianischen Anden hin. Aufgrund der engen Verwandtschaft bildenA. amazilia undA. alticola sowie die in Kolumbien endemische ArtA. castaneiventris eine Superspezies.
    Notizen: Summary This paper reviews the biogeography, geographic variation, and habitat characteristics of the Amazilia Hummingbird (Amazilia amazilia). Based on morphological features, habitat preferences, and bioacoustics, I propose that the currently recognized subspeciesA. a. alticola should be regarded as a species distinct fromA. amazilia. Synapomorphic characters found in both taxa indicate membership of the same superspecies, together with the Colombian speciesA. castaneiventris. Considering the distributional focus ofA. alticola in the Andes of southern Ecuador, the English species name Loja Hummingbird is suggested.
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 141 (2000), S. 275-284 
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Schlagwort(e): East Asia ; taxonomy ; species delimitation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Über die Gliederung der ostasiatischen Dickschnabelkrähen (Corvus macrorhynchos s.l.) in Biospezies besteht bisher keine einhellige Meinung. In dem großen Verbreitungsgebiet zwischen Indien, Japan und Timor werden gegenwärtig eine, zwei oder drei Arten anerkannt. Hier versuchen wir, in akustischen Merkmalen artanzeigende Merkmale zu finden. Eine Diskriminanzanalyse der Rufstruktur (76 Parameter) trennt dreiCorvus-Taxa (levaillantii undjaponensis aus der ‘macrorhynchos-Gruppe’,splendens) von der Südabdachung des Himalaya (Nepal, Kashmir) vollständig voneinander. BeiC. japonensis bleiben die trennenden Merkmale über große geographische Gebiete konstant. Die akustischen Unterschiede werden als taxonomisch relevant angesehen; sie zeigen Artgrenzen an. Folglich werden die Dickschnabelkrähen aus den Tief- und Hochlagen Nepals (Kontaktzone um 2 000 m) zwei Biospezies zugeordnet (C. japonensis undC. levaillantii), in Übereinstimmung mit morphologischen, ökologischen und parasitologischen Daten. Taxonomische Extrapolation der Befunde auf die Systematik anderer ‘macrorhynchos’-Populationen erscheint über die Rufstruktur (bis zum Fernen Osten Rußlands) und über Federling-Parasiten (Mallophaga) auf große Teile SO-Asiens möglich, bedarf aber für die stimmlichen Merkmale noch weiterer Klärung. Wahrscheinlich müssen immacrorhynchos-Komplex mindestens drei biologische Arten anerkannt werden (C. japonensis, C. levaillantii, C. macrorhynchos s. str.).
    Notizen: Summary A discriminant analysis of the call structure completely separates threeCorvus taxa (levaillantii andjaponensis of the ‘macrorhynchos group’,splendens) inhabiting the southern slopes of the Himalayas (Nepal, Kashmir). The acoustic differences are considered taxonomically relevant, indicating species boundaries. Therefore the Jungle Crows of lower and upper Nepal (contact zone at around 2,000 m) are assigned to two biospecies (C. japonensis andC. levaillantii), as is consistent with morphological, ecological and parasitological data. It appears possible to extrapolate the findings regarding call structure to the systematics of other ‘macrorhynchos’ populations as distant as the Russian Far East, and those regarding mallophagan parasites to large areas of SE Asia; regarding the vocal characteristics, however, further clarification is needed.
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Conservation genetics 1 (2000), S. 67-76 
    ISSN: 1572-9737
    Schlagwort(e): mitochondrial DNA ; phylogeny ; phylogeography ; speciation ; species concepts ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 53 (1987), S. 143-146 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Schlagwort(e): Cyphellophora ; taxonomy ; rhizosphere
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Schlagwort(e): Sporobolomyces phylladus ; yeasts ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Six strains of an undescribed, leaf-borne species of the genus Sporobolomyces were recovered. A description of the new species, Sporobolomyces phylladus, is given.
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 56 (1989), S. 283-288 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Schlagwort(e): Zygozyma suomiensis ; Lipomycetaceae ; yeasts ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A new species of the genus Zygozyma, Z. suomiensis, is described, based on the study of a single strain, derived from a bovine skin lesion.
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 56 (1989), S. 349-356 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Schlagwort(e): coenzyme Q ; ubiquinones ; black yeasts ; Exophiala ; Aureobasidium ; Hormonema ; yeast-like fungi ; ascomycetes ; taxonomy ; chemotaxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract 72 Strains belonging to 44 species of ascomycetous black yeasts were analyzed for their coenzyme Q systems. Prevalent were Q-10 and dihydrogenated Q-10 systems. Members of the Dothidealean suborder Dothideineae have Q-10 (H2), while those belonging to the suborder Pseudosphaeriineae mostly have Q-10. The anamorph genus Exophiala Carmichael and the teleomorph genus Capronia Sacc. seem to be heterogenous.
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of the history of biology 33 (2000), S. 27-70 
    ISSN: 1573-0387
    Schlagwort(e): ants ; E. O. Wilson ; Ernst Mayr ; systematics ; Systematics and the Origin of Species ; taxonomy ; William L. Brown ; William Morton Wheeler ; William Steel Creighton
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geschichte
    Notizen: Abstract Ideas about the natural world are intertwined with the personalities, practices, and the workplaces of scientists. The relationships between these categories are explored in the life of the taxonomist William Steel Creighton. Creighton studied taxonomy under William Morton Wheeler at Harvard University. He took the rules he learned from Wheeler out of the museum and into the field. In testing the rules against a new situation, Creighton found them wanting. He sought a new set of taxonomic principles, one he eventually found in Ernst Mayr's Systematics and the Origin of Species. Mayr's ideas tied together a number of themes running through Creighton's life: the need for a revised taxonomy, the emphasis on fieldwork, and the search for a new power center for ant taxonomy after Wheeler died. Creighton's adoption of Mayr's ideas as part of his professional identity also had very real implications for his career path: field studies required long and intensive studies, and Creighton would always be a slow worker. His method of taxonomy contrasted sharply not only with Wheeler's but also with two of his younger colleagues, William L. Brown and E. O. Wilson, who took over Wheeler's spot at Harvard in 1950. The disputes between these men over ant taxonomy involved, in addition to questions of technical interest, questions about where and how best to do taxonomy and who could speak withthe most authority. Creighton's story reveals how these questions are interrelated. The story also reveals the importance of Mayr's book for changes occurring in taxonomy in the middle of the twentieth century.
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 282-283 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Schlagwort(e): Hydra ; chromosomes ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A simple method to prepare chromosome spreads of hydra is described. Chromosome counts for a non-symbiotic ‘brown hydra’,Hydra vulgaris attenuata, and the Swiss strain of a symbiotic ‘green hydra’ indicated a diploid number of about 2n=30 in each case. It is suggested that chromosome number may be used to define hydra species more precisely.
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 355-357 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Schlagwort(e): Aeromonas ; identification ; taxonomy ; routine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 349-350 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Schlagwort(e): Aeromonas ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 441-446 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Schlagwort(e): Methanogenic bacteria ; Archaebacteria ; classification ; physiology ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mycoscience 41 (2000), S. 15-23 
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Schlagwort(e): Agaricales ; Clitocybe trogioides var.odorifera ; Gerronema nemorale ; Psathyrella cineraria ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Two new species and one new variety of Agaricales are described and illustrated from central Honshu, Japan:Clitocybe trogioides var.odorifera var. nov. (subgenusCystoclitus sectionCystoclitus), forming white, infundibuliform basidiomata, was collected from leaf litter in theQuercus-Pasania forests;Gerronema nemorale sp. nov. (sectionXanthophylla), forming small, olivaceous, omphalinoid basidiomata, was found on dead fallen twigs in theQuercus-Pasania forests;Psathyrella cineraria sp. nov. (subgenusMycophylla sectionArgillosporae), forming basidiomata covered by detersile, dark grey, fibrillose-squamulose veil, was found on decayed wood ofQuercus myrsinaefolia.
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Schlagwort(e): Diaporthe kyushuensis ; grapevine swelling arm ; Phomopsis vitimegaspora ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Diaporthe kyushuensis sp. nov. is described and named as the teleomorph of causal fungus of grapevine swelling arm. The anamorph of the fungus isPhomopsis vitimegaspora.
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mycoscience 41 (2000), S. 115-122 
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Schlagwort(e): distribution ; Pinus ; Quercus ; taxonomy ; Uredinales
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The Asian pine gall rust, which has hitherto been assigned toCronartium quercuum distributed in North America, is described asC. orientale, sp. nov. The spermogonial and aecial states occur on hard pines, and the uredinial and telial states occur on various oaks.Cronartium orientale has globose, almost hyaline basidiospores in contrast to the ellipsoid, yellow-orange ones of North AmericanC. quercuum s.l. Characteristics of the new rust species in morphology, DNA analysis, and host alternation are discussed.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Schlagwort(e): China ; Leptographium ; morphology ; taxonomy ; Tomicus piniperda
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Tomicus species (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) are serious pests of pines with a wide distribution in Europe, Asia and America. In Yunnan, south-western China,T. piniperda has destroyed more than 0.5 million ha ofPinus yunnanensis in the past 15 years. A blue stain fungus belonging to the genusLeptographium is associated with both the shoot-feeding and trunk-attacking stages of the beetle's life cycle. The fungus is morphologically similar to the anamorph ofOphiostoma crassivaginatum and toL. pyrinum, which are both characterised by short robust conidiophores and hyphae covered by a granular layer. Both these species have been isolated from conifers and are associated with insects. After comparing the fungus fromT. piniperda with similarLeptographium species, using light and scanning electron microscopy, we concluded that it represents a new taxon, which is described here asL. yunnanense sp. nov.
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 160 (1988), S. 181-188 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Ranunculaceae ; Helleborus viridis subsp.viridis and subsp.occidentalis ; H. odorus subsp.laxus. ; Range of distribution ; taxonomy ; Flora of Northern Italy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The taxon commonly namedHelleborus viridis in Lombardy (NW. Italy) differs from both, subsp.viridis and subsp.occidentalis, and is shown to fall within the variation range ofH. odorus subsp.laxus which has been reported so far for NE. Italy only. TrueH. viridis within Italy grows only in the Maritime Alps.
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 164 (1989), S. 47-64 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Cyanophyta ; Cyanophyceae ; Nostocales ; Nostocaceae ; Aphanizomenon ; Anabaena ; Morphology ; morphometry ; variation ; trichome structure ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The dimension and variation range of terminal and intercalary cells, heterocysts, and akinetes of fourAphanizomenon taxa occurring in Czechoslovakia were studied. Statistical and graphical procedures were used for evaluation. With regard toA. flos-aquae, the results support the distinction of two varieties (var.flos-aquae and var.klebahnii). In the samples determined asA. gracile two clearly distinguishable morphological types could be found; one of them is recognized as a new species:A. flexuosum. Its diacritical features are established and problems of the intrageneric taxonomy ofAphanizomenon and its demarcation from the genusAnabaena are discussed.
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 168 (1989), S. 123-141 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Liliiflorae ; Liliales ; Dioscoreales ; Asparagales ; Cladistics ; relationships ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Comparisons between previous intuitive or phenetic classifications of the netveinedLiliiflorae was used to determine a suitable group of taxa for cladistic analyses. The resultant 48 genera and generic groupings comprising 19 families from within theAsparagales, Liliales andDioscoreales were then analysed. The cladistics largely supported previous treatments, with theLiliales, Dioscoreales andAsparagales all monophyletic.
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 93-105 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Leguminosae (Fabaceae) ; Caesalpinioideae (Caesalpiniaceae) ; Cassia ; Chamaecrista ; Senna ; Stigma morphology ; taxonomy ; floral ecology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Two stigma forms occur inChamaecrista andSenna, but only one inCassia. In the common chambered form, a stigma pore is positioned on the reflexed style tip and is the entrance to a tapering chamber. The pore rim is fringed by hairs which vary in number, size, distribution and shape. In the alternative form the stigma is situated at the apex of the curved style and is crateriform. The crater rim is fringed by hairs of variable number and shape. The stigmatic hairs are predominantly unicellular and cutinized. Stigma and hair differences aid in the taxonomy of the genera. Their functions in pollination biology are discussed.
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 153-163 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Algae ; Dinophyceae ; Gymnodiniales ; Gymnodiniaceae ; Symbiodinium ; S. microadriaticum subsp.condylactis ; subsp. nov. ; DNA ; hybridization ; karyotypes ; phenotypes ; symbiosis ; taxonomy ; zooxanthellae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Relationship among symbiotic dinoflagellates of the genusSymbiodinium derived from seven different host species has been studied by means of DNA/DNA hybridization. DNA homologies range from about 70 to 30%D. Highest homology is regarded as subspecific level. Based on the characteristics of DNA and phenotypes,Symbiodinium microadriaticum subsp.microadriaticum is separated fromSymbiodinium microadriaticum subsp.condylactis. Lowest homology occurs at the methodical background, and is similar to that obtained with DNA of algae belonging to different classes. The data are in excellent agreement with DNA base composition, karyotypes, and morpohological as well as biochemical markers, emphasizing speciation among these gymnodinioid zooxanthellae.
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 165-176 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Algae ; Chlorarachniophyta ; Cryptochlora perforans ; Biology ; taxonomy ; phylogeny ; inter-specific relationships
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The life cycle ofCryptochlora perforans is described under culture conditions, including the following stages: Naked and walled amoebae, cysts, coccoid, palmelloid and flagellate stages. Phagotrophy of living diatoms, movement and reproduction are documented. Amoebae ofCryptochlora are chemotactically attracted by damaged algal filaments, perforate and penetrate such filaments, and subsequently engulf part of their contents. A comparison is made with a culture ofChlorarachnion reptans Geitler, according to earlier and own observations. Chloroplast structure as well as zoospore morphology confirm close affinities betweenCryptochlora andChlorarachnion. Generic characters as well as possible phylogenetic affinities with amoeboidXanthophyta andProtozoa are discussed.
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 153 (1986), S. 205-222 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Geraniaceae ; Pelargonium ; Chromosome numbers ; karyotypes ; hybrids ; karyotype evolution ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The chromosome numbers of seven species ofPelargonium sect.Eumorpha have been determined from material of known wild origin, and karyotypic comparisons have been made. Within the section there is variation in basic chromosome number (x = 4, 8, 9, 11), variation in chromosome size, and two species have polyploid races. The three species with chromosome numbers based on x = 11 have the smallest chromosomes (1.0–1.5 µm); chromosomes are larger (1.0–3.0 µm) in the other species.P. elongatum has the lowest chromosome number in the genus (2n = 8).P. alchemilloides is exceptional in that it has four cytotypes, 2n = 16, 18, 34 and 36, and the form with 2n = 36 has large chromosomes (2.0–5.0 µm). Evidence from a synthesized hybrid suggests thatP. alchemilloides with 2n = 16 may be of polyploid origin. The three species based on x = 11 appear to be more closely related to species from other sections ofPelargonium that have the same basic chromosome number and small chromosome size, rather than to other species of sect.Eumorpha.
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 154 (1986), S. 79-88 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Onagraceae ; Oenothera sect ; Oenothera subsect ; Oenothera ; Oe. wolfii ; Chromosomal analysis ; plastid analysis ; complexheterozygosity ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Oenothera wolfii, endemic in coastal Northern California and Southern Oregon, has been analysed cytogenetically. It is a permanent structural heterozygote composed of two nearly identical genomic complexes which are closely related to the neighboring maritime ecotype of the homozygousOe. elata subsp.hookeri. — Oe wolfii is believed to have evolved recently from its homozygous ancestor by the accumulation of reciprocal translocations and the acquisition of balanced lethals. Forms such asOe. wolfii represent an important connecting link in our understanding of the evolution of the complexheterozygous species ofOenothera.
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 158 (1987), S. 37-46 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Leguminosae ; Glycine spp. ; Genome ; adventitious roots ; pod ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Adventitious roots were observed on 3 wild perennialGlycine species, in short-poddedG. clandestina, G. latifolia and mostG. tabacina (2x, 4x, 6x), while other species lacked adventitious roots. This suggests that the adventitious roots trait is associated with B genome species. Intra- and interspecific F1 hybrids reveal that adventitious roots apparently are inherited recessively. The presence of adventitious roots or short-poddedG. clandestina, coupled with infertility with longer-poddedG. clandestina, and enzymatic and leaflet morphology differences between the twoG. clandestina subgroups, supports segregation of the short-podded form as a separate taxon.
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  • 26
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Chlorophyceae ; Chlamydomonadales ; Spermatozopsis exsultans ; Green flagellate ; ultrastructure ; absolute configuration ; taxonomy ; phylogeny
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The green flagellateSpermatozopsis exsultans Korshikov has been studied in culture by light and electron microscopy. The organism is naked, bears four flagella and is conspicuously spirally twisted. The ultrastructure and location of cell organelles (except the flagellar apparatus) has been investigated in detail using an absolute configuration analysis. With the exception of a doubling of the flagella and of the secondary cytoskeletal microtubule system,S. exsultans has the exact same complement of organelles occupying the same relative positions as has been described forS. similis. The two species are therefore correctly placed in the same genus. The usefulness of absolute orientations of cell organelles for green algal taxonomy and phylogeny is stressed.
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 159 (1988), S. 107-121 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Fungi ; Basidiomycetes ; Agaricales ; Bolbitiaceae ; Conocybe ; New taxa ; keys ; taxonomy ; Nature preserve Lobau ; mycoflora of Austria
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The mycological exploration of the Viennese nature preserve Lobau, resulted in the discovery of several new species ofBasidiomycetes; of special interest is the genusConocybe of which the authors present two new taxa:C. lobauensis andC. leporina var.tetraspora. FurthermoreC. neoantipus, C. striatipes andC. caespitosa are discussed, and the new varietiesC. neoantipus var.tucumana and var.carinthiaca as well asC. striatipes var.sejuncta are proposed.
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 161 (1988), S. 71-85 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Caryophyllales ; Centrospermae ; Cuticle ; micromorphology ; scanning electron microscopy ; systematics ; taxonomy ; wax
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Epidermal surfaces of about 500 species from some 250 genera of centrospermous families plus some possibly related families were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The micromorphology of their epicuticular waxes is described under taxonomic aspects. In general, Centrosperms tend to develop wax platelets on their cuticle. Shape and size of these platelets are highly diverse, but specific for some taxa. Particular forms of rodlets and thick wax plates occur only in few taxa. The systematic and taxonomic applicability of wax micromorphology is limited, but tentatively family characterizations are given. The data presented provide additional information concerning the familiar and suprafamiliar classification ofCaryophyllales.
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Biology and philosophy 15 (2000), S. 349-388 
    ISSN: 1572-8404
    Schlagwort(e): cline ; definition ; deme ; evolutionary synthesis ; experimental taxonomy ; J. Heslop-Harrison ; J.S. Huxley ; J.S.L. Gilmour ; nominalism ; systematics ; Systematics Association ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Philosophie
    Notizen: Abstract The word ``deme'' was coined by the botanists J.S.L. Gilmour and J.W.Gregor in 1939, following the pattern of J.S. Huxley's ``cline''. Its purposewas not only to rationalize the plethora of terms describing chromosomaland genetic variation, but also to reduce hostility between traditionaltaxonomists and researchers on evolution, who sometimes scorned eachother's understanding of species. A multi-layered system of compoundterms based on deme was published by Gilmour and J. Heslop-Harrison in1954 but not widely used. Deme was adopted with a modified meaning byzoologists leading the evolutionary synthesis – Huxley, Simpson, Wright,and Mayr. Connections are shown between Gilmour's ideas around definingthe deme, his role in founding the Systematics Association, and his chapter``Taxonomy and Philosophy'' in the book The New Systematics. Thishistorical episode raises questions about the role of carefully-definedwords in scientific practice.
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mycoscience 41 (2000), S. 87-89 
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Schlagwort(e): Cortinarius elatior var.albipes ; Cortinarius Sect.Defibulati ; new variety ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Cortinarius elatior var.albipes var. nov., found in the deciduous forest is described and illustrated. It is distinguished from the type variety by having a white stipe and longer spores. The differences betweenCortinarius elatior var.albipes and similar taxa are briefly discussed.
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mycoscience 41 (2000), S. 167-169 
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Schlagwort(e): East Asia ; freshwater fungi ; taxonomy ; tropical mycology ; Xylariales
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Ceratostomella hyalocoronata is described and illustrated as a new species from old decaying wood immersed in a stream in Guangdong Province, southern China. It is compared toC. hyalostoma, a temperate terrestrial species.
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mycoscience 41 (2000), S. 379-388 
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Schlagwort(e): arenicolous ; marine fungi ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Caryospora australiensis sp. nov.,Platystomum scabridisporum sp. nov. andSavoryella melanospora sp. nov. are described from driftwood collected from a sand dune at Rye, on the Mornington Peninsula Nature Park, Victoria, Australia. These species are compared with other taxa in these and related genera.
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mycoscience 41 (2000), S. 371-377 
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Schlagwort(e): Platygloea ; Platygloeales ; Sigmogloea ; taxonomy ; Tremellales
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Specimens of two heterobasidiomycetous species, collected in Ontario and studied respectively by H. S. Jackson and R. F. Cain, are described as new; they arePlatygloea jacksonii andSigmogloea tremelloidea. P. jacksonii is characterized by small basidia and basidiospores and by sympodially developing conidia.Sigmogloea tremelloidea is an anomalous taxon with cylindric, mostly transversely septate (“auricularioid”) basidia, but some features suggest a possible relationship to the Tremellales.
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mycoscience 41 (2000), S. 407-410 
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Schlagwort(e): Cortinarius purpurascens var.largusoides ; Cortinarius herpeticus var.fageticola ; Cortinarius Sect.Scauri ; mycoflora ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Two species ofCortinarius Sect.Scauri collected in forests ofQuercus serrata andQ. mongolica var.grosseserrata, Q. serrata andFagus crenata, orQ. mongolica var.grosseserrata andF. crenata in Niigata prefecture were identified asCortinarius purpurascens var.largusoides andC. herpeticus var.fageticola, new to Japan. Macro- and microscopical descriptions of each species are given.
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 22 (1988), S. 69-73 
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Schlagwort(e): Chrysophyceae ; Heliozoa ; taxonomy ; external morphology ; ultrastructure ; scales ; pH
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
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    Mathematical geology 21 (1989), S. 233-254 
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Schlagwort(e): Compositional data ; locational data ; replicate data ; statistics ; taxonomy ; topography ; variance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract Diverse global and local measures of variability appear in the geological literature and, along with methods used to apply them, have been subject to some debate. Measures of variability for three data types—replicate, locational, and compositional—are considered; the source and nature of the variability determine the appropriate type of measure. To illustrate the effects of these measures and expose their inadequacy when improperly applied, the variability of a three-column data set is interpreted under three different suppositions. Geologists need to be aware of the confusion and misleading results that can develop from the use of variance as a measure of variability for locational or compositional data.
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  • 37
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): alder ; Betulaceae ; birch ; in vitro clones ; cluster ; Frankia ; genetic divergence ; RFPs ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract A study of restriction fragment polymorphisms of ribosomal DNA among seven actinorhizal species (Alnus spp.) and a non-actinorhizal species (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) of the Betulaceae was conducted, using a simple method for the extraction of high molecular weight restrictable nuclear DNA from leaf tissues of perennial angiosperms and nine restriction endonucleases. rDNA restriction fragments were variable within and among the species studied, and the variation noted was used to calculate the similarities and infer phenetic relationships among these members of the Betulaceae. The results confirmed the taxonomy of alder based on morphological characters, showing a clear clustering of the species ofAlnus sampled in each of the two different subgeneraAlnus andAlnobetula. Within each subgenus, the closely related taxa often classified as subspecies by their similar morphology and their ability to interhybridize, were similarly shown by restriction fragment polymorphisms to be more closely related to each other than to any other taxon. The analysis also suggested that some alder species may not be more divergent fromBetula papyrifera than from other alder species.
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  • 38
    ISSN: 1573-8604
    Schlagwort(e): galago ; taxonomy ; vocalization ; morphology ; zoogeography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Previous studies have shown the taxonomic value of vocal repertoires and hand (volar) pad characteristics in the classification of cryptic nocturnal primates such as bush babies. However, no study included quantitative comparisons within the geographical range of any one species. We investigated levels of intraspecific variation in calls and hand pad characteristics of the southern lesser bush baby (Galago moholi), using the northern lesser bush baby (Galago senegalensis) for interspecific comparisons. Examination of calls recorded from different regions along a transect of 1500 km across southern Africa revealed low levels of intraspecific variation in Galago moholi, whereas comparisons with homologous call-types in G. senegalensis revealed them to be significantly different. Volar pad measurements across the ranges of both species also showed low levels of intraspecific variation and relatively high interspecific variation. These findings demonstrate that vocal and volar pad characteristics can be used as consistent measures of difference between species that look almost identical. These methods provide a practical means of distinguishing between cryptic species, whether in the field, in captivity, or, in the case of volar pads, of preserved specimens.
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of primatology 21 (2000), S. 963-1019 
    ISSN: 1573-8604
    Schlagwort(e): mouse lemurs ; Microcebus ; taxonomy ; revision ; new species
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The genus Microcebus (mouse lemurs) are the smallest extant primates. Until recently, they were considered to comprise two different species: Microcebus murinus, confined largely to dry forests on the western portion of Madagascar, and M. rufus, occurring in humid forest formations of eastern Madagascar. Specimens and recent field observations document rufous individuals in the west. However, the current taxonomy is entangled due to a lack of comparative material to quantify intrapopulation and intraspecific morphological variation. On the basis of recently collected specimens of Microcebus from 12 localities in portions of western Madagascar, from Ankarana in the north to Beza Mahafaly in the south, we present a revision using external, cranial, and dental characters. We recognize seven species of Microcebus from western Madagascar. We name and describe 3 spp., resurrect a previously synonymized species, and amend diagnoses for Microcebus murinus (J. F. Miller, 1777), M. myoxinus Peters, 1852, and M. ravelobensis Zimmermann et al., 1998.
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of primatology 21 (2000), S. 381-420 
    ISSN: 1573-8604
    Schlagwort(e): phylogenetics ; taxonomy ; systematic ; Ateles ; Cebidae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Our goal was to determine phylogenetic relationships among geographically and taxonomically distinct haplotypes of spider monkeys (Ateles) based on DNA sequence variation for the mitochondrial DNA control region and cytochrome c oxidase subunit II gene. We obtained samples from most previously recognized subspecies of Ateles, ranging from Central America throughout the Amazon Basin, to determine phylogenetic relationships among racially recognized groups. Comparison of DNA sequences using both parsimony analysis and genetic distance analysis produced phylogenetic relationships that were very similar for each genetic region. We analyzed the phylograms produced, along with associated bootstrap support, confidence probabilities, and genetic distances between taxonomic groups, to identify four monophyletic species of Ateles: Ateles paniscus, composed of haplotypes from the northeastern Amazon Basin; A. belzebuth in the southern Amazon Basin; A. hybridus, located primarily along the Magdalena River valley of Colombia; and A. geoffroyi, which includes two former species: A. geoffroyi and A. fusciceps. This arrangement is contradictory to long-held taxonomies of Ateles based on pelage variation and is similar to a recent analysis based on craniodental variation. Results of this investigation suggest patterns of gene flow, evolutionary relationships, and speciation patterns that are more plausible than previous pelage-based taxonomies, which required seemingly impossible patterns of gene flow. Conservation efforts aimed at protecting Ateles, one of the Neotropics most endangered genera, will also benefit from the findings presented in this paper.
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  • 41
    ISSN: 1573-8604
    Schlagwort(e): vocalization ; sexual advertisement ; predator advertisement ; taxonomy ; evolution ; mouse lemur ; primate ; Madagascar
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Advertisement calls are often important noninvasive tools for discriminating cryptic species and for assessing specific diversity and speciation patterns in nature. We investigated the contribution of these calls to uncover specific diversity in nocturnal Malagasy lemurs. We compared sexual advertisement and predator advertisement calls of two mouse lemur species, western gray and eastern rufous mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus and M. rufus, respectively) living in two contrasting habitats (dry deciduous vs. rain forest), and analyzed them statistically. Both species emitted several highly variable whistle calls in the context of predator-avoidance. Intrapopulation variation was high and overlapped interspecific variation. Sexual advertisement calls, given in the mating context, displayed a totally distinct, species-specific acoustic structure. Whereas gray mouse lemurs produced rapidly multifrequency modulated, long trill calls, rufous mouse lemurs gave slowly frequency-modulated short chirp calls. Our results suggest specific status for gray and rufous mouse lemurs and indicate the importance of predation and social needs in shaping vocal communication.
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 35 (1985), S. 183-194 
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Schlagwort(e): Leguminosae ; protease inhibitors ; primary structure ; electrophoresis ; taxonomy ; phylogeny
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Protease inhibiting proteins, especially those that bind to trypsin and chymotrypsin, are widely distributed withinLeguminosae. Data on the primary structure and reactive sites known for some of them allow a classification into inhibitor families; inhibitors with the same topological molecular structures are grouped together. Evaluation of amino acid sequences based on amino acid replacements has been shown to be useful for understanding taxonomic and phylogenetic relations at the molecular level. The application of this method to theLeguminosae is demonstrated here with the example of the Bowman—Birk inhibitor family. A rapid method of obtaining inhibitor patterns from seed extracts is the use of disc electrophoresis followed by specific staining of the inhibitor bands. The types of inhibitor patterns, in combination with trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor activities and the quotients of these two activities, can be used for taxonomic studies. Results obtained with this method were first proven to correlate with the results of other chemotaxonomic techniques within the genusAcacia. In the case of Australian acacias, this technique was used to demonstrate closer relationships between uninervedRacemosae andBotryocephalae (Bipinnatae) and also betweenPlurinerves andPulchellae (Bipinnatae) than between the twoBipinnatae and betweenPlurinerves andJuliflorae. This technique has also been used to excludeAcacia mitchellii from the seriesPulchellae.
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 164 (1989), S. 209-214 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Algae ; Chrysophyceae (Synurophyceae) ; Mallomonadaceae ; Mallomonas alphaphora ; Electron microscopy ; phytoplankton ; scale-bearing flagellate ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A new species ofMallomonas, M. alphaphora (Chrysophyceae), was found in freshwater ponds in the Perth region, Western Australia. It is distinguished from other species ofMallomonas by its very distinctive scale and bristle morphology and is placed in a new section,Alphaphorae, of the genusMallomonas.
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 168 (1989), S. 109-121 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Algae ; bacteria ; Mathematical phylogenetics ; biological relevance ; chemosystematics ; taxonomy ; graph theory ; algorithms ; Steiner problem ; parsimony ; dichotomy ; polytomy ; cytochrome c ; parallelism ; convergent evolution ; Wagner trees ; random distribution ; molecular clock ; identity matrix ; difference matrix ; homology ; analogy ; structural constraints ; comparability of sequences ; polyphyletic hypothesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Some basic problems of mathematical phylogenetics are discussed. While algorithms regularly depend on the principle of parsimony, some features of phylogenesis interfere with that principle. Nonrandomness of the distribution of mutations as well as the inconstancy of the molecular clock in time and within a given sequence can bias the calculated relationships of closely related taxa. True comparability of sequences is difficult to establish, since this requires defining of homology of positions and of functions of amino acids as well. Parallelism and convergence can give rise to errors in establishing homology. Furthermore, they are difficult to be integrated into a consistent mathematical approach. The asymmetry of identity versus difference matrices is discussed. Common mathematical procedures implicate the monophyletic hypothesis as well as strict dichotomy of the final tree. Real phylogeny demands to introduce more flexible approaches with respect to monophyly and dichotomy. Graph theory offers the possibility to prove the minimality of a given tree and to develop more flexible approaches. The consequences of altering the procedures to compare sequences can be tested. This is demonstrated by calculations with a set of 15 cytochromes from various taxa. To interpret a calculated tree requires a sharp distinction between taxonomy and phyletics. This is exemplified for the case of directly linked taxa. The limits of resolving uncertain relationships by accumulating more data are mentioned.
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
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    Plant systematics and evolution 221 (2000), S. 107-112 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Rosaceae ; Rosa ; Caninae ; epicuticular waxes ; taxonomy ; hybridism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Classification within the genusRosa is problematic due to ± continuous variation of morphological characters. The dogroses, (Rosa, sectionCaninae) are classified only by their unique meiotic system not by directly visible characters. The intrasectional structure remains insufficient, as the characters (glands, hairs and prickles) are known to exhibit great morphological divergence affected by both genetic plasticity and environmental influences. Taxonomy of dogroses follows a highly artificial system which allows us to identify morphospecies, which are not necessarily evolutionary species. However, SEM-studies in theCaninae revealed that all taxa of the subsectionRubiginosae are characterised by a granule type of epicuticular waxes, whereas members from the other subsections (with three exceptions) form triangular rodlets. Comparison with specimens grown under the same conditions confirmed these findings on natural populations and additionally revealed that following artificial hybridism, offspring develop the maternal type of wax structure due to the matroclinal inheritance in this section.
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 161 (1988), S. 183-188 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Basidiomycetes ; Agaricales ; Crepidotaceae ; Crepidotus ehrendorferi spec. nova ; New species ; taxonomy ; Mycoflora of Austria
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Crepidotus ehrendorferi spec. nova (sect.Sphaerula) is similar to the North AmericanC. sinuosus and differs mainly by the anatomy of pileicutis with unseptated, long, slender terminal hyphae and some macroscopical characters. It is compared also withC. applanatus andC. crocophyllus. C. ehrendorferi is a very conspicuous, wood-inhabiting species known up to now from a very old forest reserve close to the city of Vienna (Austria).
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 165 (1989), S. 55-69 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Lichenes ; Umbilicariaceae ; Umbilicaria freyi spec. nova ; U. hirsuta ; U. grisea ; Thallus structure ; soredia ; parasoredia ; schizidia ; taxonomy ; distribution ; Lichenflora of Europe
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract InUmbilicaria hirsuta andU. grisea the so-called soredia originate from structured plectenchyma of the upper thallus layer (thus contrasting with true soredia, which are pushed off from unstructured medullar plectenchyma), and, therefore, are termed parasoredia. Both species have been regarded to comprise (in western Europe) forms with relatively large thalli and a pale lower surface; rhizinomorphs may be present (with varying density) or absent; propagation is not by parasoredia, but by flattened diaspores (schizidia s. l.) These forms are united here and described as a separate species:U. freyi (syn.U. hirsuta var.pyrenaica Frey andU. grisea resp.murina f.subpapyria Frey). So far, the species is known to occur from the western Alps through C. France to the Pyrenees, C. Spain and Italy including Sardinia.
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 164 (1989), S. 145-159 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Algae ; Chlorophyta ; Trebouxia ; Pseudotrebouxia ; lichens ; Parmelia ; Hypogymnia ; Pyrenoid ; ultrastructure ; systematics ; taxonomy ; phycobionts ; freeze fixation ; freeze substitution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Pyrenoid ultrastructure has been investigated from cultures of all 26 species ofTrebouxia with the aim of establishing pyrenoids as a taxonomic character. Different arrangements and forms of thylakoid lamellae within the pyrenoid matrix allow eight pyrenoid types to be distinguished. Each type is characteristic of a group of species. Thegigantea- andimpressa-type are similar, differing only in the form of the tubules: short, branched tubules mark thegigantea-type; ± long and straight invaginations theimpressa-type. Thearboricola-type is characterized by meandering pyrenoid membranes developing from lamellae parallel with each other in young autospores. Pyrenoids of thegelatinosa-type are traversed by thin parallel-arranged tubules. Few thylakoids with a curved profile are typical of theirregularis-type. Thecorticola-type is different from all others in having a distinct starch sheath closely connected with the pyrenoid matrix and no pyrenoglobuli being associated with the pyrenoid membranes. No true pyrenoids have been found inT. magna andT. erici. Within the chloroplast, they have indistinct areas with pyrenoglobuli, but without differentiated thylakoids. Pyrenoid morphology is stable in culture on different media as well as in phycobionts within lichen thalli. Comparing the pyrenoid of a lichenizedTrebouxia with that from cultured species, the identification of the phycobiont within the lichen thallus is possible, without the need of culturing the algae. This has been shown in species ofParmelia andHypogymnia. New aspects for the taxonomy and systematics ofTrebouxia are discussed.
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  • 49
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Acacia ; classification ; Leguminosae ; morphology ; phenetics ; RAPD ; software ; taxonomy ; UPGMA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The phenetic analysis of non-nodulatingAcacia species by Harrier et al. (1997) was repeated to illustrate how different computer programs may generate alternative UPGMA trees for the very same data, even in the absence of data input order effects (ties). For example, all Harrier et al.'s UPGMA dendrograms produced by software from the Scottish Agricultural Statistics Service differed from those obtained by the packages NTSYS and MVSP87. Particularly, the positions ofA. albida, A. rovumae, andA. pentagona, as well as the relationships betweenDiacanthae andTriacanthae were affected by this phenomenon. Hence, whenever clustering techniques are used, care should be taken to consider possible software-dependent caveats and artefacts. Nevertheless, all programs provided clusterings that largely coincided with the subgeneric and sectional groupings proposed by Vassal (1972) although the positions of some species varied depending on whether morphological or molecular data were considered (e.g.A. albida andA. rovumae).
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
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    Plant systematics and evolution 221 (2000), S. 61-68 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Leguminosae ; Papilionoideae ; Lonchocarpus ; leaflets ; secretory cavities ; false secretory cavities ; pellucid dots ; glands ; anatomy ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The occurrence of leaflet secretory cavities in 23 Brazilian species ofLonchocarpus was surveyed anatomically and compared with data from external morphology (presence of pellucid dots) to evaluate their taxonomic significance. This study revealed three cases: presence of secretory cavities associated with pellucid dots, pellucid dots corresponding to false secretory cavities, and absence of pellucid dots and secretory cavities. These results indicate that in this genus the “glandular pellucid dots” cited in morphological descriptions do not always correspond to secretory cavities, and that their nature must always be confirmed by histological sections. Secretory cavities have systematic significance at subgeneric taxonomic level for the genusLonchocarpus.
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
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    Plant systematics and evolution 224 (2000), S. 173-182 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Gesneriaceae ; Streptocarpus ; Chromosome numbers ; growth patterns ; taxonomy ; Africa ; Comoro Islands ; Madagascar
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract This study records the chromosome numbers of 10 species ofStreptocarpus; nine of the counts are new. With the exception ofS. buchananii of mainland Africa, all the results are for plants endemic to Madagascar and the Comoro Islands. While there is a strong correlation between basic number and growth form in the two subgenera of the genus on the African mainland (x = 15 among caulescent species in subgenusStreptocarpella; x = 16 among acaulescent species in subgenusStreptocarpus), the situation appears more complex among Madagascan and Comoro Island species. One notable example of deviation from this correlation is shown byS. papangae, a shrubby caulescent species, with 2n = 32 (x = 16). Polyploidy in the genus appears to be absent on mainland Africa, but is present in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, ranging from tetraploidy to octoploidy. Evolutionary implications of the cytological observations are considered.
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
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    Plant systematics and evolution 225 (2000), S. 85-101 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Elaeagnaceae ; Hippophae ; sea buckthorn ; Systematics ; taxonomy ; genetic variation ; RAPD
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Genetic diversity has been investigated by the application of molecular markers in, for the first time, all the taxa recognised in recent treatises of the genusHippophae. RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) analyses were conducted with 9 decamer primers, which together yielded 219 polymorphic markers. We found 16 fixed RAPD markers, i.e. markers that either occurred in all plants of a population or were absent from all plants. Several of these markers were useful for analysis of interspecific relationships, whereas others can be considered as taxon-specific markers. Clustering of taxa and populations in our neighbour-joining based dendrogram was in good agreement with some recently suggested taxonomic treatises ofHippophae. Amount and distribution of genetic variability varied considerably between species. Partitioning of molecular variance withinH. rhamnoides supported earlier findings that a considerable part of the total variance resides among subspecies (59.6%) Within-population variability also differed considerably. Percentage polymorphic RAPD loci and Lynch and Milligan within-population gene diversity estimates showed relatively high values for some species close to the geographic centre of origin in Central Asia, e.g.H. tibetana and the putatively hybridogenousH. goniocarpa. Spatial autocorrelation analyses performed on 12 populations ofH. rhamnoides revealed positive autocorrelation of allele frequencies when geographic distances ranged from 0 to 700 km, and no or negative autocorrelation at higher distances. At distances between 700 and 1900 km, we observed deviations from the expected values with strongly negative autocorrelation of allele frequencies. A corresponding relationship between geographic and genetic distances could not be found when the analysis instead was based on one population from each of 8 species.
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
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    Plant and soil 108 (1988), S. 185-190 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Schlagwort(e): Anabaena azollae ; Azolla ; Cyanobacteria ; DNA/DNA hybridization ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Despite the long-standing and widespread use of the symbiotic association between the aquatic fern Azolla and its cyanobacterial symbiontAnabaena azollae to augment nitrogen supplies in rice paddy soils, very little is known about taxonomic aspects of the symbiosis. The two partners normally remain associated throughout vegetative and reproductive development, limiting the opportunities for interchanges. We have used monoclonal antibodies and DNA/DNA hybridization techniques to show that the cyanobacterial partner is not uniform throughout the genus Azolla, and that substantial diversification has occurred. With these procedures it will be possible to characterize genotypes of the cyanobacterium and to monitor experiments aimed at synthesizing new combinations ofAzolla species andAnabaena azollae strains.
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
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    Euphytica 43 (1989), S. 223-232 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Azolla ; classification ; fingerprinting ; isozymes ; taxonomy ; trichomes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Azolla accessions (section Azolla) from the germplasm collections of the International Rice Research Institute and Washington State University were fingerprinted and classified by enzyme electrophoresis and leaf trichome morphology. A. filiculoides was enzymatically distinctive and also reliably identified by its prominent one-celled trichomes. Neotropical accessions labelled as A. filiculoides proved to be members of other species. Two groups of isolates were designated A. rubra, but those from Japan were identified as A. filiculoides. The A. rubra of Australia-New Zealand was biochemically unique and possessed less protuberant trichomes than A. filiculoides. A. microphylla, A. mexicana, and A. caroliniana were phenetically similar, but a. microphylla was identifiable from the others in the banding patterns of certain enzymes. A. mexicana and A. caroliniana were closely related enzymatically. The two-celled leaf trichomes of these three species were similar in size and shape.
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  • 55
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Colocasia esculenta ; Colocasia antiquorum ; cocoyam ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The taxonomy of edible Colocasia (Cocoyam) is confusing. The existence of one species, C. esculenta var. antiquorum or C. esculenta and C. antiquorum as two separate species is controversial. Nine high yielding Nigerian cultivars of cocoyam made up of members of the two taxa were grown under the same environmental conditions. As a preliminary investigation, 17 characters were monitored and recorded to help in the classification of the cultivars. Results showed that cocoyams can be grouped into two separate species. The qualities possessed by TCe 23, Nwine and Ukpon cultivars which include pink tuber skin, long or club shaped cormels and non-irritation in the throat when boiled and eaten, clearly distinguished them from those of Tce 15, 19, 27, 36, Ede-ofe and Kochuom.
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
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    Euphytica 41 (1989), S. 191-197 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticeae grasses ; taxonomy ; nomenclature
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The two causes of destabilization of names in the tribe Triticeae are discussed in detail. These include changes in names due to changing classifications and changes in names due to application of nomenclatural rules. We favour the opinion that a classification should be based on maximum information and not on one single character like the genome as suggested in a recent classification of Dewey and that of Löve. The problem of changes in names is discussed using two examples-Triticum-Aegilops group and Agropyron-Elytrigia-Leymus group. The users of Triticeae grasses, should always authenticate the material they are using and specify the scheme or reference of classification they follow in naming their material, even though one would have the freedom to use a particular classification and thus the names given in this classification. The problem of instability in the names of Triticeae grasses due to nomenclatural rules are discussed using the examples of bread wheat (T. aestivum) and of Haynaldia villosa. A list of recommended names of World's flora for preservation as suggested by Brummitt recently has also been examined.
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  • 57
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    Hydrobiologia 127 (1985), S. 9-15 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Cypridopsinae ; Potamocypris ; taxonomy ; morphology ; sexual reproduction ; Spain
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A bisexual population of Potamocypris villosa, found in Lago de Encina, a mesotrophic lake in the Cantabrian mountains, NW Spain, is the first certain record of the male of this species. Valves and soft parts are described. Males of Potamocypris-species lack a furca although a rudimentary furca is always present in females. The same applies to species of related genera, such as Tanganyikacypridopsis and Plesiocypridopsis. Some remarks on the position of the genus Potamocypris in the Cyprinopsinae are presented.
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
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    Hydrobiologia 127 (1985), S. 53-61 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Ivory Coast ; rotifers ; ecology ; taxonomy ; zoogeography ; nomenclature ; Africa
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Two series of plankton samples, collected in different parts of the Ivory Coast, are examined for their rotifer content. Seventy-one taxa are identified to species level, some of which are present in different forms. Seventeen taxa are new to the Ivory Coast, three are new to Africa. Ecological and distributional notes are given. The correct spelling of Brachionus quadridentatus f. melhemi is discussed.
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
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    Hydrobiologia 167-168 (1988), S. 381-385 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): taxonomy ; distribution ; lakes ; ponds ; cyclopoids ; C. abyssorum ; central Italy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A preliminary study has been carried out on the taxonomy and distribution of Cyclops abyssorum Sars in several deep and shallow lakes and in long lasting ponds of central Italy. A morphological and morphometric analysis of material from Lake Albano has shown that its cyclopoids belong to the ‘praealpinus-group’ of C. abyssorum. This group has also been found in lakes Vico, Martignano, and Bracciano. All these populations have continuous reproduction and do not show any seasonal variation in size. In some of the long lasting Latial ponds forms of the mixed ‘group divulsus’ have been found. They are characterized by a marked seasonal polymorphism and their life-cycles vary according to whether the basin is filled with water continuously or is subject to desiccation from time to time. The analysis of a population recently collected in Lake Montepulciano (Tuscany) resulted in the identification of an ecotype similar to that described as C. a. apenninae in other eutrophic lakes of the Apennine region. Causal environmental factors responsible for the distribution of these different types of C. abyssorum are discussed.
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  • 60
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): taxonomy ; animal distribution ; freshwater copepods ; neotropical fauna
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Allocyclops silvaticus sp. n. is described from cultures of leaf litter collected in Atlantic rain forest in the State of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. It is the first record of the genus in South America.
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
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    Hydrobiologia 155 (1987), S. 15-25 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Branchiobdellida ; East Asia ; taxonomy ; Branchiobdella ; Cirrodrilus ; histochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Three jars from the Hamburg Museum contained specimens of Branchiobdella minuta, presumably from the original Pierantoni (1912) material, and Cirrodrilus cirratus and C. uchidai from Yamaguchi's (1932a) collection. The head of a syntype of B. minuta was described and B. cheni becomes its junior subjective synonym. One specimen each of C. cirratus and C. uchidai was sectioned and described, particularly the male genitalia. The diet of all three branchiobdellids consists of microorganisms. In Cirrodrilus sp. basic protein granules were demonstrated in the gland cells of the intestine and its chloragogen cells. The peristomial and lateral epidermal gland cell secretions were characterized histochemically.
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  • 62
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Africa ; distribution ; Naididae ; Oligochaeta ; taxonomy ; zoogeography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A systematic revision of African Naididae confirmed the presence of 16 genera and 48 species. Allonais ranauana Boldt, 1932 is confirmed as a distinct species, Nais raviensis Stephenson, 1914 has very short gills and is a species of Dero, and Rhopalonais has equally obscure gills and is attributable to Dero. Pristina proboscidea Beddard, 1896 is synonymous with P. longiseta Ehrenberg, 1828. African naidids are primarily tropical, the most widespread genus is Pristina, followed by Aulophorus, Nais and Dero. Nais is dominant in South Africa, whereas the other genera predominate in the tropics along with Rhopalonais. The most widespread species are A. furcatus, N. variabilis, P. longiseta and P. menoni. Serrations on hair setae and intermediate teeth in bifid needles are universally present as seen under SEM, their reported absence under light microscopes is attributable to lack of resolution power. SEM is also useful in determining gills in Dero. Size of setae within and between individuals is more constant than the literature would suggest as the standard deviation is usually less than 10% of the mean. There is a constant relationship between setal length and size of worm, and between median ventral setae and needles in this material. Setal size is a diagnostic character in taxonomy. The standard deviation of the mean number of segments in front of the budding zone averages 9.9%, the highest value (25.7%) was for Stylaria fossularis. Differences of more than 10% may usually be considered diagnostic. The total number of segments is exceedingly variable and cannot be used as a taxonomical characteristic. The same applies to segment length or diameter.
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  • 63
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    Hydrobiologia 156 (1988), S. 87-92 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Nemertina ; interstitial ; mesopsammon ; taxonomy ; key
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Interstitial nemertines are highly specialized members of the phylum. All four orders are represented, but the hoplonemertines dominate in diversity and abundance. New genera and higher taxa are still being discovered. Brief reviews published during the last two decades summarize various aspects of the nature of interstitial nemertines. This presentation augments these reviews and provides a key designed for use with living interstitial nemertines. A procedure is advocated for formal topographic description of the cephalic ciliary cirri, thereby enhancing their potential taxonomic utility.
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
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    Hydrobiologia 156 (1988), S. 105-113 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Cerebratulus hepaticus ; anatomy ; taxonomy ; Mediterranean ; Banyuls-sur- Mer
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The anatomy of an insufficiently described species of heteronemertine, Cerebratulus hepaticus, is redescribed. The species is characterized by, inter alia, a cephalic lacuna with strands of longitudinal muscle fibres, a proboscis with three muscle layers, neurochord cells in the brain, a dermis in the foregut region with no or few longitudinal muscle fibres which is separated from the outer longitudinal muscle layer by connective tissue. The taxon is compared with two other Cerebratulus species, C. fuscus and C. marginatus. The material was collected at Banyuls-sur-Mer (France) in the Mediterranean.
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  • 65
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    Hydrobiologia 156 (1988), S. 125-133 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Nemertinea ; Notogaeanemertes folzae ; New Zealand ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Notogaeanemertes folzae gen. n., sp. n., a monoecious and ovoviviparous hoplonemertean, is described from the supra-littoral at Kaikoura, New Zealand. It shares more characters with group I ‘terrestrial’ nemerteans than with group II which brings into question the significance of certain features in the systematics of semiterrestrial/terrestrial nemerteans.
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  • 66
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    Hydrobiologia 180 (1989), S. 83-89 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): enchytraeids ; muscles ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The muscle organization of the body wall in some species of oligochaetes belonging to the Enchytraeus genus is described. No differences have been detected in their circular muscles, whereas longitudinal muscles show significant differences, allowing an easy identification of the various worm species. In particular, differences are noticeable in the external longitudinal layer. These observations suggest that structural and ultrastructural muscle fiber organizations can be used as a taxonomic tool.
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  • 67
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Protozoa Ciliophora ; Colpidium ; Dexiostoma ; Paracolpidium ; revision ; taxonomy ; saprobic system
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The genera Colpidium Stein, 1860 and Dexiostoma Jankowski, 1967 are revised. Our monographic treatment is based on a morphologic and biometric reinvestigation of the main species of these genera and on an evaluation of data from the literature. Colpidium comprises four species, namely C. colpoda (Losana, 1829), C. singulare Vuxanovici, 1961, C. acuminatum Vuxanovici, 1962, and C. kleini Foissner, 1969. The monotypic genus Dexiostoma contains D. campyla (Stokes, 1886) and is distinguished from Colpidium by a different oral infraciliature and the position and shape of the preoral suture. A new genus, Paracolpidium nov. gen., is suggested for Colpidium truncatum Stokes, 1885 because its oral infraciliature deviates from both Colpidium and Dexiostoma. Contrary to Colpidium and Dexiostoma, the silverline system of Paracolpidium truncatum lacks secondary meridians but shows short projections to the left of the primary meridians indicating a phylogenetic relationship to Tetrahymena.
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  • 68
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    Digitale Medien
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    Hydrobiologia 184 (1989), S. 153-164 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Batracobdelloides tricarinata ; Hirudinea ; African fish leech ; taxonomy ; morphology ; bionomics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A study of well over one thousand specimens provided proof to put the conspecifity of the two supposed species originally described asHelobdella tricarinata andClepsine nilotica beyond all doubt. Evidence is presented which indicates that the striking changes in body-shape and drastic alteration in the appearance of the tuberculation at different stages of reproduction and nutrition combined with individual variation in tuberculation, annulation, and in the arrangement and pigmentation of the eyes were responsible for earlier confusion as to the identity of this species. Since the early accounts were incomplete and contained some important errorsBatracobdelloides tricarinata is redescribed and, for the first time, comprehensively figured.
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  • 69
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    Hydrobiologia 161 (1988), S. 1-29 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chrysophyceae ; Mallomonas ; Synura ; Chrysosphaerella ; Spiniferomonas ; Paraphysomonas ; taxonomy ; TEM ; freshwater phytoplankton
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Seventy-three taxa of silica-scaled chrysophytes were found with LM and TEM in 264 samples from 141 Finnish water bodies, including the genera Mallomonas (40 taxa), Synura (9), Chrysosphaerella (3), Spiniferomonas (8) and Paraphysomonas (13). More than half of the taxa are recorded for the first time from Finland and five (Mallomonas actinoloma v. actinoloma, M. favosa, M. mangofera f. gracilis, M. scrobiculata and Spiniferomonas serrata) are new to Europe. Most taxa are illustrated with TEM micrographs and the taxonomy of some interesting species is discussed in detail. The seasonal occurrence of the commonest species is described.
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  • 70
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): taxonomy ; morphology ; zoogeography ; South-West Africa ; Namibia ; Lake Albert ; Makarikari pan
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Sclerocypris dayae n.sp., S. dedeckkeri n.sp., S. dumonti n.sp., S. zelaznyi n.sp. and S. zelaznyi etoshensis n.ssp. are described from South — West Africa (Namibia). S. exserta makarikarensis n.ssp. originates from the endorheic pan system Makarikari in Botswana. S. woutersi n.sp. was described from Lake Albert where it is quite common. S. virungensis n.sp. is known from the Virunga National Park, south of Lake Edward (Zaire). The latter two species are closely related and from part of the flabella-species group. S. longisetosa n.sp., described from a marsh near Kisumu (Kenya), is an enigmatic species, holding an isolated position in the genus due to an aberrant T1.
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  • 71
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Rotifera ; Notholca ; fine structure ; Andes ; South America ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Rotifers described from the Andes by Murray (1913) and De Beauchamp (1939) as Notholca foliacea (Ehrenberg) are reviewed and re-assessed as Notholca walterkostei De Paggi, 1982. They are compared with N. foliacea and details of the lorica of this species seen with the scanning electron microscope are presented.
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  • 72
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    Hydrobiologia 121 (1985), S. 281-286 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): fish ; taxonomy ; zoogeography ; Vietnam ; Asia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Two hundred and three fish species and subspecies occurring in fresh water in the North of Vietnam are listed. The geographical and ecological problems connected with these fishes are discussed.
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  • 73
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    Hydrobiologia 128 (1985), S. 217-228 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Cladocera ; Daphnia ; Ctenodaphnia ; taxonomy ; ecology ; biogeography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A very particular form of Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia), adapted to life in epicontinental hyperhaline waters of Mediterranean arid regions had long been confused with Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) dolichocephala Sars, 1895. In this paper the morphological and ecological differences between the two taxa are pointed out and comparison is made with another closely related Rumanian form (Daphnia cf. mediterranea) and with the related Spanish species (D. atkinsoni and D. chevreuxi). The Daphnia of saline environments is described here as Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) mediterranea. The most important differential characters of this new species are: 1) the short and widely rounded rostrum; 2) dorsal ridge of the female extends to the anteriormost part of the head; 3) elliptical ephippium with a ride anterior margin; convex shape and separate from the dorsal ridge; 4) males possessing a very long antennule base that reaches the distal limit of the head.
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  • 74
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    Hydrobiologia 133 (1986), S. 179-186 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Dorylaimus parafecundus ; D. tenuistriatus ; Paradorylaimus ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Examination of the type specimens of Dorylaimus parafecundus De Coninck, 1935 showed that the cuticle lacks longitudinal ridges. The species is a typical Laimydorus and is herewith redesignated L. parafecundus (De Coninck, 1935) n.comb. As it is the type species of Paradorylaimus Andrássy, 1969, the latter generic name falls as a synonym of Laimydorus Siddiqi, 1969 which has priority of publication. The three other species included originally in Paradorylaimus are dealt with as follows: P. wilhelmschneideri (Andrássy, 1959) is considered incertae sedis; P. heterurus (Schuurmans Stekhoven & Teunissen, 1938) was shown by Mulk et al. (1978) to belong in the genus Roqueus Thorne, 1964; P. filiformis (Bastian, 1865) is herewith returned to Laimydorus. Dorylaimus tenuistriatus Schneider, 1935 is not identical with L. parafecundus: it is more slender; odontostyle, pharynx and spicules are shorter; supplement number is lower; shape of vulva and the arrangement of the pharyngeal gland nuclei are different. The species is transferred to Laimydorus, becoming L. tenuistriatus (Schneider, 1935) n.comb. Lectotypes are designated for L. parafecundus and L. tenuistriatus. Among the material of L. tenuistriatus are specimens of L. pseudostagnalis (Micoletzky, 1927) and L. sp.
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  • 75
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    Hydrobiologia 139 (1986), S. 247-250 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Zygnemopsis ; West Bengal ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Three new species of the genus Zygnemopsis (Skuja) Trans. 1934 (Z. benghalensis sp. nov.; Z. pseudolahaulensis sp. nov., and Z. scrobiculata sp. nov.) are described from West Bengal, India.
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  • 76
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    Hydrobiologia 140 (1986), S. 67-84 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): paleolimnology ; resting cyst ; statospores ; Chrysophyceae ; taxonomy ; stratigraphy ; eutrophication
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The postglacial sediments of Kortowskie Lake contain well preserved chrysophycean cysts. Forty-six morphotypes were identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM). Ten new morphotypes of fossil chrysophycean cysts are described. Some of the most abundant taxa show clear trends associated with the increase in lake trophic status. The cyst flora is divided into four groups: eutrophic forms (Cysta globata, C. cortoviensis, C. vermicularis); oligotrophic forms (Cysta curvicollis); cool-water forms (Cysta carinifera, C. crassicollis, C. microspinosa, C. modica and Cysta stellata), and indifferent forms (all other morphotypes which did not show a clear tendency). The percentage abundance of chrysophycean cysts wa related to climate changes, showing a considerable increase during the Subboreal period. Two factors, lake fertility and water level changes affected the abundance of the fossil cyst flora in the sediments of Kortowskie Lake.
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  • 77
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    Hydrobiologia 141 (1986), S. 175-177 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): rotifers ; taxonomy ; Florida ; Lecane
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A new species of Lecane was discovered during a recent investigation of the Rotifera of softwater lakes in North-Central Florida. Descriptions of the new species and type locality are given.
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  • 78
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    Hydrobiologia 143 (1986), S. 119-121 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): lake sediments ; Bosmina coregoni f. thersites ; long term morphological variation ; polymorphism ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A succession of morphs from Bosmina coregoni f. coregoni to B. c. f. thersites, which vary in shell and antennule characters, occurred in an undated 176 cm long sediment core from the Neversdorfer See (N. Germany).
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  • 79
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    Hydrobiologia 144 (1987), S. 51-62 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Cladocera ; Chydoridae ; hyporheic habitat ; taxonomy ; ecology ; Ter river
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract This paper deals with the interstitial Cladocera fauna of the Ter river (NE Spain) and offers the first description of the male of Alona phreatica Dumont. Eight Chydorid species (Alona phreatica, A. guttata, A. quadrangularis, A. rectangula, A. rustica, Pleuroxus denticulatus, P. aduncus, Chydorus sphaericus) were widely distributed over the Ter basin. In one site, a large number of individuals of many cladocera species, as well as other crustacean species (Harpacticoida, Amphipoda, Cyclopoida and Ostracoda) were found. This confirms the importance of chydorids in hyporheic habitats, ignored by many previous studies on this subject.
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  • 80
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    Hydrobiologia 439 (2000), S. 91-101 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Rotifera ; Bdelloidea ; Korea ; taxonomy ; biogeography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Twenty-five samples from 18 terrestrial and/or freshwater habitats in the eastern part of Korea yielded 38 new records of bdelloid rotifers, 22 of which are new to the Asian fauna. Among these Korean new records, Dissotrocha aculeata reversa Berzins and Habrotrocha plana Milne were recorded outside their type localities for the first time, and Macrotrachela bullata (Murray) was reported only from two countries after its description. Bradyscela granulosa de Koning, Habrotrocha gracilis gracilis Montet, Macrotrachela latior Donner, Philodina duplicalcar (de Koning) and P. rugosa coriacea Bryce are recorded outside Europe for the first time. The taxonomy and distribution of these rare species are discussed.
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  • 81
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    Hydrobiologia 147 (1987), S. 45-47 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Rotifera ; Brachionus plicatilis ; variability ; taxonomy ; morphology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract An extensive study of frontal margins of the lorica of Brachionus plicatilis was undertaken in an attempt to define its variability within this species. Specimens from mass cultures and from the natural environment were examined.
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  • 82
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    Hydrobiologia 147 (1987), S. 65-73 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Rotifers ; taxonomy ; biogeography ; anatolia ; Turkey
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Seventy-eight rotifer species are reported from 19 localities in Turkey. About half are first records for that country. Some interesting species are illustrated and the composition of the regional fauna is discussed. Wide-ranging taxa are dominant, with notbale additions of tropical, subtropical, afrotropical and circumboreal species. Many are restricted to saline environments, where some show an unusual vertical distribution. Endemism is suspected in a few taxa.
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  • 83
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    Hydrobiologia 147 (1987), S. 91-95 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Hexarthra bulgarica ; Rotifera ; taxonomy ; Sierra Nevada ; Spain
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Hexarthra bulgarica was found in 16 of the 37 high mountain lakes (over 2500 m) studied in the Sierra Nevada (Southern Spain). These populations resemble closely the subspecies H. b. canadensis. Data on the morphology and ecology of the Sierra Nevada populations are given, and these are compared to published information on the three other subspecies of H. bulgarica.
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  • 84
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    Hydrobiologia 147 (1987), S. 97-101 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Rotifera ; Spain ; alpine lakes ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The littoral zone of lakes in the high mountains of Sierra Nevada, Spain, were sampled during the ice-free periods of 1980 and 1981. A species list is given and a new subspecies, Lepadella quinquecostata nevadensis, subsp. nov. is described. Notes on the geographical distribution of some species are also included.
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  • 85
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    Hydrobiologia 150 (1987), S. 123-131 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Rotifers ; Mauritania ; taxonomy ; biogeography ; Africa
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The number of Rotifer taxa known from Mauritania, is raised from 8 to 90. 61% of these are cosmopolitan, 1 is temperate — boreal, 18% are thermophilic and 20% are tropicopolitan. Most of them are widely distributed in Africa, but some species have limited distributions. The presence of Keratella testudo and Wolga spinifera is remarkable and is probably related to the unusual climatic conditions in the SW Sahara. One phenotype or ‘forma’ is new to science.
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
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    Hydrobiologia 151-152 (1987), S. 193-197 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): seaweed ; Dictyota dichotoma ; Dictyota menstrualis ; interbreeding ; chromosome numbers ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 87
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    Hydrobiologia 151-152 (1987), S. 199-203 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): seaweed ; apical structure ; Gelidium ; Pterocladia ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
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    Hydrobiologia 151-152 (1987), S. 213-220 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): seaweed ; taxonomy ; protein electrophoresis ; populations
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 89
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    Hydrobiologia 153 (1987), S. 13-21 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Algae ; Bulbochaete ; West Bengal ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Description and systematic enumeration of six species of Bulbochaete (B. nana Wittr. ex Hirn var. chungkingensis Jao, B. nigerica Gauth.-Lièv., B. nordstedtii Wittr. ex Hirn, B. Praereticulata Jao, B. tenuis (Wittr.) Hirn f. haimensis Jao and B. wuhanensis Jao) collected from fershwater bodies of Birbhum and Murshibabad districts of West Bengal. One macrandrous (B. nana var. chungkingensis) and two nannandrous species (B. tenuis f. haimensis and B. wuhanensis) had not been reported since their original descriptions. B. praereticulata and B. nigerica and B. nordstedtii are new records for the Indian subcontinent and the state of West Bengal respectively.
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  • 90
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): taxonomy ; freshwater crustaceans ; Copepoda ; Cyclopoida ; neotropical fauna ; Brazil
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Cyclopid copepods collected mainly in aquatic microcosms and semiterrestrial habitats in the Juréia Ecological Reserve are studied. Hesperocyclops herbsti and Bryocyclops campaneri are described as new species and their taxonomical relationships discussed. Females of Muscocyclops operculatus (Chappuis) are redescribed and the males described for the first time. An emended diagnosis for Muscocyclops is proposed.
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  • 91
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    Hydrobiologia 153 (1987), S. 169-174 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): rotifers ; taxonomy ; new species ; Neotropis ; Brazil
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A new rotifer is described from among samples taken from coastal lakes in southeastern Brazil. Comparisons to related rotifers are made. This new animal belongs to the Hexarthra mira-intermedia species group by way of its general morphological configuration, the number of teeth in the trophi (5), and the two club-shaped caudal appendages (CSCA's). An extremely long dorsal antenna and very long setae extending from the bend in the ventro-lateral arm characterize this animal's speciation.
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  • 92
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    Hydrobiologia 167-168 (1988), S. 351-356 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Copepoda ; Gaussia ; new species ; taxonomy ; anatomy ; Brazil
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Aspects of the female genital segment with and without attached couplers and enclosed spermatophores are studied of Gaussia specimens collected in the SW Atlantic and SE Pacific. A new species found in the SW Atlantic, Gaussia asymmetrica, is proposed.
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  • 93
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    Hydrobiologia 167-168 (1988), S. 311-318 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): cyclopoid copepods ; Red Sea ; vertical distribution ; abundance ; taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The taxonomic composition and vertical distribution of cyclopoid copepods, including very small species, in the central Red Sea were analyzed. Samples were taken in a multiple opening and closing net with 0.1 mm mesh size to a depth of 450 m. Most species belong to the genus Oncaea (13 identified and 6 unidentified forms). Nearly one half of these are smaller than 0.4 mm in length. Nine cyclopoid species and three groups of very similar species and forms of Oncaea predominate. In the upper 450 m of the water column, each of these species or groups account for more than 1 % of all cyclopoid specimens. In the epipelagic zone (0–100 m) Oithona simplex predominates, accounting for 20 % of the total. In the upper mesopelagic zone Paroithona sp. and one of the unidentified Oncaea forms are most numerous from 100 to 250 m, and two groups of Oncaea are most abundant from 250 to 450 m. The dominance of single species among cyclopoids is less pronounced than that reported for calanoids in the mesopelagic zone of the central Red Sea.
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  • 94
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    Hydrobiologia 167-168 (1988), S. 415-427 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Copepoda ; Calanoida ; Africa ; taxonomy ; zooplankton
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Of the nine species of Tropodiaptomus occurring in Equatorial East Africa, seven are redescribed and figured in great detail. Their relationships are discussed. A primary homonym is eliminated, and types are indicated wherever possible.
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  • 95
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    Hydrobiologia 167-168 (1988), S. 429-434 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Copepoda ; Cyclopoida ; taxonomy ; limnology ; neotropical fauna ; Brazil
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Yansacyclops ferrarii, new genus, new species (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) is described from the plankton of Rios Guamá and Acará Grande near Belém, State of Pará, Brazil.
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  • 96
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Anheteromeyenia ryderi ; taxonomy ; freshwater sponge ; Porifera ; Norway ; amphiatlantic distribution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The freshwater sponge Anheteromeyenia ryderi (Potts) ( = Heteromeyenia ryderi Potts) has its main range in the eastern parts of North America, with one record from Central America. It is also represented in western parts of the British Islands, on the Faroes, and is now reported from three lakes in western South Norway. A description is given of some ecological factors in the Norwegian habitats such as the low calcium content and low pH. With the use of scanning electron microscopy details of the spicules appeared which were useful in species determination. These findings support the view that Anheteromeyenia pictovensis Potts cannot be ranked as a distinct species, but should be considered as a variety of A. ryderi. If A. ryderi is a very old species, its amphiatlantic distribution pattern may be explained by continental drift and/or Pre-Pleistocene land bridges. The species is probably easily transported by birds. There are arguments in favour of a more recent colonization of Europe by such transport, the European populations possibly having their origin in populations adapted to an oceanic climate in North America.
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  • 97
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    Hydrobiologia 178 (1989), S. 113-134 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): tropical zooplankton ; crustacea ; copepoda ; taxonomy ; Andes ; Colombia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Calanoid copepods belonging to four species and one subspecies from lakes and ponds mainly from the Cordillera Oriental (22) and Cordillera Central (1) of the Colombian Andes are recorded. Most of the water bodies studied are located in the ‘páramo’ region, between 2996 and 4085 m altitude. The family Boeckellidae is recorded for the first time from Colombia. Taxonomic characteristics of Boeckella occidentalis Marsh, 1906, Boeckella gracilis (Daday,1902) and the diaptomid Prionodiaptomus colombiensis (Thiébaud, 1914) are discussed. A new diaptomid genus, Colombodiaptomus, with one species and one subspecies are established.
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  • 98
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    Hydrobiologia 160 (1988), S. 45-51 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): fish ; taxonomy ; zoogeography ; Vietnam ; Asia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Two hundred and fifty-five fish species occurring in freshwaters in the South of Vietnam are listed. Their geographical distribution is briefly discussed.
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  • 99
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    Hydrobiologia 165 (1988), S. 89-96 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Rotifera ; Antarctica ; taxonomy ; free-swimming
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract This paper reconsiders the taxonomy and distributional ecology of the antarctic free-swimming Rotifera with special reference to Notholca and Keratella. Notholca verae is a valid species separate from the squamula group. N. saliva may be different from N. squamula in that the former has a smooth pectoral margin and the shortest occipital spines located at the lateral region. N. sp. nov. of Dartnall (1983) is included within those of N. marina. A species of Keratella from Kerguelen, identified as K. sancta, is clearly different in the dorsal sculpturing on the lorica from the original description by Russell (1944). The occurrence of Filinia species with large numbers of nuclei in the vitellarium and relatively long bristles is noteworthy.
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  • 100
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    Hydrobiologia 120 (1985), S. 47-51 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Senegal ; rotifers ; ecology ; taxonomy ; biogeography ; Africa
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract 24 plankton samples, collected in different parts of the Republic of Senegal (W. Africa) were examined for their rotifer content. Seventy taxa were identified to species level, some of which were present in different forms. Thirty three taxa and forms are new to Senegal, three species are new to Africa. Attention is paid to a cruciform population of Asplanchnella sieboldi and to a Brachionus quadridentatus population of very small dimensions. Two new taxa are described: Brachionus cf. angularis and Brachionus bidentatus senegalensis Koste & De Ridder.
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