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  • Articles  (1,122)
  • Emerald  (747)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Oxford University Press
  • 2000-2004  (631)
  • 1995-1999  (491)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (627)
  • Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering  (495)
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  • Articles  (1,122)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement in cooking quality of soybean (glycine max) by presoaking treatment with enzyme (lipase) solution (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 8-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Presoaking treatment of partially defatted soy dhal in water or enzyme (lipase) solution for one, two and four hours decreased the cooking time substantially. When soy dhal was soaked in water for one, two and four hours, it resulted in 0 per cent, 1.24 per cent and 6.17 per cent decrease in cooking time over the unsoaked soy dhals, respectively. Soaking defatted soy dhal in lipase enzyme solution at three different concentrations, i.e. 0.5 per cent, 0.75 per cent and 1.0 per cent reduced the cooking time from 62.96 per cent to 74.69 per cent, over the control (unsoaked soy dhal) depending on the presoaking period. As the soaking period was increased from one to four hours irrespective of the concentration used, decrease in cooking time was observed. Maximum decrease in cooking time was found with soaking in 1 per cent concentration of lipase solution for four hours. There were non-significant differences between the organoleptic scores of water soaked and enzyme soaked dhal. However, sensory scores of soy dhal were slightly improved by lipase enzyme soaking when compared to water soaked soy dhal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410516153
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does diet protect against Parkinson's disease? Part 2 - Fat (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 147-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Parkinson's disease (PD) affects up to one in ten of those over 80 and is currently incurable. Much current research focus on the preclinical period of damage and it is believed that diet may affect the development of the disease. This paper is the second in a series on diet and PD and outlines the effect dietary fat may have on disease prevalence. Initial dietary analysis studies indicated that fat intake appeared to be associated with raised incidences of PD, this probably being due to animal rather than vegetable fat. Results indicated that animal fat was associated with an up to fivefold increased risk of PD whereas vegetable fat did not appear to affect incidence. More recent evidence questions this finding, as, whilst a similar trend exists, the statistical significance is not strong. Likewise the study methodology is all retrospective and could introduce significant recall bias. Nonetheless, it would be recommended that individuals at risk of PD should alter their fat intake in favour of vegetable fat, whilst reducing overall levels in line with healthy eating guidelines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410544828
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy requirements for palm-kernel oil processing operations (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 166-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Direct energy utilization in nine palm-kernel oil (PKO) mills located in Southwestern Nigeria was analyzed. The mills were stratified into small, medium and large-scale categories, based on their modes of operations and production capacities. Evaluation of energy usage was carried out in the seven readily defined unit operations namely: palm-nut drying, palm-nut cracking, palm-kernel roasting, palm-kernel crushing, PKO expression, PKO sifting and PKO bottling/pumping. PKO extraction rates in the three mill categories were evaluated. The average PKO extraction rate for small, medium and large mills were 48.45 percent, 42.68 percent and 36.24 percent, respectively. The total energy expenditure in small, medium and large-scale PKO mills were 350.89MJ/tonne, 230.70MJ/tonne and 181.74MJ/tonne, respectively. This suggests that the unit energy requirement for PKO output decreases as mill capacity increases. The four most highly energy-intensive operations identified were palm-nut cracking, palm-kernel roasting, palm-kernel crushing and PKO expression, altogether accounting for 95.29, 92.14 and 93.65 percent of total energy used in small, medium and large-scale mills, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410544864
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pre- and post-expiry metal levels in canned dry milk (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 65-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Levels of 12 metals (Ca, K, Na, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni) were estimated in 19 different imported brands of unexpired and expired canned dry milk available from local markets. The HNO3/HClO4-based wet digestion method was used for the analysis of the samples by the FAAS technique under optimum analytical conditions. Of the macronutrients, Ca showed highest at 1,144?µg/g in the dry milk from Holland. In the case of micronutrients, Fe showed the maximum level at 119.15?µg/kg in the milk from UK. Cr dominated at 23.19?µg/kg compared with other heavy toxic trace elements. The following order of decreasing concentration was observed for both unexpired and expired milk: Ca 〉 Na 〉 K 〉 Mg 〉 Fe 〉 Zn 〉 Cr 〉 Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Ni 〉 Cd. All the trace elements were found to have 100 per cent incidence of occurrence. The expired milk samples showed enhanced levels of Fe, Zn, Cr and Pb by a factor of 1.2-1.6 on average. The results of the metal contents were compared with those for fresh cow milk. The data were statistically evaluated to find bivariate correlation between the metals in pre- and post-expiry milks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410529023
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast food: dietary perspectives (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 80-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Consideration is given to the fast food debate in the context of a healthy diet. Fast food products readily available in retail outlets in the London area are reported on. It is apparent from this exercise that consumers can make informed choices in accord with the Balance of Good Health. Quantitative ingredient declarations on packaging clearly show, which foods are present in the order of percentage in the food product. Further information is provided through nutritional labelling. Lifestyles which demand fast foods are possibly a risk factor for gastrointestinal disturbances through eating quickly as opposed to eating fast foods per se.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410529050
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does diet protect against Parkinson's disease? Part 1 - vitamin E (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 102-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Whilst Parkinson's disease (PD) remains incurable recent evidence has suggested that diet may have a role in delaying the onset of symptoms and/or reducing the risk of developing the disease. This paper is the first in a series on diet and PD and outlines the effect that vitamin E may have on the prevalence of the disease. Results have indicated that a doubled intake of vitamin E has been associated with a reduction in disease incidence of up to 70 per cent, possibly due to reducing the effects of oxidative stress. Raised intake of peanuts and salad dressing has also associated with a reduced risk of PD. Although no guaranteed protection can be conferred by vitamin E intake it can be recommended that individuals at risk of PD could increase their intake as it may be of benefit and is unlikely to be harmful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410536700
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cocoa powder extract on plasma glucose levels in hyperglycaemic rats (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 116-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study was carried out to examine the effect of cocoa extract (CE) on plasma glucose levels in hyperglycaemic rats induced with streptozotocin. Three concentrations of CE were used to study its effect on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In the normal group, CE at 0.5 per cent concentration had significantly reduced the glucose level (p〈0.05) at 0 and 60?min, 1.0 per cent at 0 (p〈0.05), 60 (p〈0.01) and 180?min (p〈0.01), 3.0 per cent at 60 (p〈0.05) and 180?min (p〈0.01) as compared to control. In hyperglycaemic group, 3.0 per cent CE had reduced the glucose level significantly (p〈0.05) at 60 as compared to control. Based on the results from OGTT, 3.0 per cent concentration was used to evaluate the effect of CE in a 2-week study. There was no significant difference in reduced plasma glucose levels and lipid profiles in hyperglycaemic and normal rats, which were given basal diet enriched with 3.0 per cent CE extracted from cocoa powder as compared to the control (basal diet).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410536737
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutritional aspects of breast milk (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An attempt has been made to appraise the nutritional uniqueness of breast milk for infants. Colostrum, being rich in nutritional attributes, must be offered to infants after birth. Advantages proclaimed by breast milk are better digestibility, absorption, intestinal and brain development and protection of children from getting over-weight. Feeding of fresh breast milk rather than stored or boiled milk is suggested to avoid nutritional losses. Human milk does not completely satisfy the nutritional requirement of infants over three months old and is required to be supplemented with solid foods. Technological innovations made in commercial infant milk powder have not been able to meet the critical nutritional requirements of infants. Since no formulae can duplicate breast milk completely, governmental regulations therefore should stress the importance of breast feeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410544837
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pepper (Capsicum frutescens) fruit anthracnose in the humid forest region of south-western Nigeria (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 130-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The etiology of fruit anthracnose in hot pepper (Capsicum frutescens) was investigated at Ibadan, Osogbo, and Ikenne in the lowland forest zone of western Nigeria. Collectotrichum capsici (Synd) Butler & Bisby was found associated with the fruit anthracnose of hot pepper in all locations. Out of 300 plants examined in all the locations, over 70 per cent had fruit anthracnose, while in some pepper fields all the fruits produced had the disease symptom. The pathogen overseasoned in pepper plant debris. A high inoculum population of 4.9×106?g-1 colony forming units/g was estimated in the soil of pepper fields. The seed from the infected hot pepper fruits also carried propergules of the pathogen. The fungus was also found on Lycopersicon esculentus, C. annum and Vigna unguiculata growing in and around the pepper fields. Pepper fruits infection by the disease occurs during the peak of the rainy season beginning in patches which spread later, resulting in extensive infection of the pepper field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410536755
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Health Education Trust and the health of young people today and tomorrow (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 156-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Health Education Trust (HET) was created to promote the development of health education for young people in the UK through work with young adults and children to encourage the growth of healthy lifestyles. This paper reviews the work of the HET Web site, www.healthedtrust.com The Trust has recently developed its Web site with the aim of facilitating easy access to practical information, policy updates, research news and examples of good practice for all who are interested and concerned about young people's health issues. Through utilising the Web site it is hoped that beneficial information and ideas will be spread more quickly and put into practice elsewhere, thus enabling swifter progress towards healthier lifestyles for our children. This paper describes current Web site activities, which in themselves, provide a keyhole through to exploring the rapidly evolving field of activities, both central and national, all geared towards addressing the health and wellbeing of young people today and for tomorrow. The paper will be useful to any professionals who have a role to play, or an interest, perhaps as a parent, in the area of nutrition and lifestyle education for young people. The more information available and general "noise" relating to good nutrition, healthy lifestyles and the practical means to achieving these, the more likely we are to achieve better health for future generations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410544846
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Household consumption of stock cubes and stock powder in the Vaal Triangle of SA (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 174-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This is the pilot study of a larger project in which fortification was evaluated in a clinical intervention trial in the Vaal Triangle of South Africa. The main purpose is to determine the suitability of stock cubes and stock powder as possible vehicles for fortification. A questionnaire was developed to determine stock cube and stock powder consumption patterns and handed out to the 802 subjects in the randomly selected sample, after testing for reliability. The results showed that 97 per cent of respondents (n=802) used stock cubes or powder daily in cooking, mainly stews, with the total consumption being 26 per cent chicken, 24 per cent beef, 15 per cent oxtail, 12 per cent mutton, 12 per cent tomato and 11 per cent vegetable. Stock cubes (79 per cent) were more popular than stock powder (21 per cent). From a consumption point of view, compared with other staple foods such as wheat flour, sugar and maize meal, stock cubes and/or stock powder are consumed on a daily basis by 97 per cent respondents and might thus be suitable vehicles for delivering micronutrients to many population groups without major changes in food production or changes in customary diets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410544873
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
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    Does diet protect against Parkinson's disease? Part 4 - vitamins and minerals (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 198-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper is the fourth in a series on Parkinson's disease and diet and investigates the role which antioxidant vitamins A and C, niacin and selenium may have on the incidence of the disease. Oxidative stress is believed to be a key factor in the development of PD and all of these have a role in preventing oxidative stress mediated cell damage. Dietary information was obtained via questionnaires. Vitamin C was found to reduce the risk of PD by 40 per cent in one study, although this was not supported by other studies. Niacin was associated with an at least 70 per cent reduced risk of PD incidence in a number of studies. No evidence was found to support a role for vitamin A or selenium. There is a need for further research to support or disprove the roles of these antioxidant vitamins within the aetiology of PD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410560343
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimisation of the utilisation of cashew apple in yogurt production (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 17-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cashew apple was used as a nutritional additive in the production of yogurt. The yogurt so produced (CAY-A) had a higher vitamin C content of 53.70g/100ml than both samples B and C with values 14.1/100ml and 19.2g/100ml of vitamin C respectively. The cashew apple fortified yogurt was evaluated for physicochemical parameters like pH, refractive index, dpecific gravity, titratable acidity, ash, moisture, protein and fat and the values 4.10 (pH), 20° Brix soluble solid content, specific gravity 1.023, titratable acidity (0.78g/100ml lactic acid), 0.84 per cent ash, 77.0 per cent moisture, 3.22 per cent protein and 3.2 per cent fat were obtained. The three yogurts produced were presented to ten regular tasters of yogurt for sensory evaluations using Fan Milk yogurt as the reference sample C. Assessors were asked to identify the odd sample. This method was used to determine if ingredient substitution or some other change in the manufacturing process could result in a detectable difference in products. The result obtained indicated that the yogurt into which cashew apple had been added compared favorably with the reference sample in all the attributes evaluated and there was no significant difference at p = 0.05.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410516171
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cooking practices (boiling and frying) on the protein and amino acids contents of four selected fishes (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 54-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study was aimed to estimate and compare the contents of protein and amino acids in raw, boiled and fried fishes of Indian mackerel "kembong" (Rastrelliger kanagurta), sardine (Sardina pilchardus), red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicusx) and black tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Protein contents of raw mackerel, sardine, red and black tilapia were 8.1±0.0, 8.4±0.1, 9.6±0.4 and 9.0±0.0 percent, respectively. In a boiled fish, the protein contents were 7.9±0.1, 7.7±0.0, 7.5±0.1 and 8.9±0.1 percent, respectively, and for a fried fish the values were 8.6±0.5, 8.9±0.1, 9.1±0.2 and 8.4±0.0 percent, respectively. It was found that there was a significant difference (p〈0.01) in the protein content of the raw fish compared to the heat-treated ones for all the fishes. The study detected 17 components of essential amino acids (lysine, histidine, threonine, valine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine and phenylalanine) and non-essential amino acids (arginine, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, cystein and tyrosine) in all the fishes. There was no significant difference in amino acids content among the boiled and fried fishes. In conclusion, heat treatment for five?minutes in boiling water (100°C) and frying for three?minutes in palm oil (160°C) did not alter the quality of protein in all the fishes studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410529005
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  • 15
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    Interactive Web-based programs for teaching nutrition (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 77-79 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper describes four simulations of functions found in a commercial dietary analysis program that are designed to be used in education. These include FitDiets, which illustrates the principle of energy balance and "healthiness" of diets, and programs that present a nutritional quiz, a food label and information on dietetic products.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410529041
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  • 16
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    Therapeutic aspects of breast milk (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 108-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An attempt has been made to appraise the therapeutic uniqueness of breast milk for infants. Colostrum being rich in therapeutic attributes must be offered to infants after birth to confer immunity to infective agents in the new environment. Feeding of fresh breast milk rather than stored or boiled milk is suggested to avoid therapeutic losses. Therapeutic advantages proclaimed by breast milk are in prevention of various diseases and allergy. Feeding of infants with infant milk formulae may pose health risks arising from faulty methods of preparation, sterilization of utensils and improper storage conditions of reconstituted milk. Breast milk is considered superior over other modified infant milk formulae owing to its various inherent therapeutic attributes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410536719
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  • 17
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    Consumer perceptions of poultry meat: a qualitative analysis (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 122-129 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Consumer studies of meat have tended to use quantitative methodologies providing a wealth of statistically malleable information, but little in-depth insight into consumer perceptions of meat. The aim of the present study was therefore, to understand factors perceived important in the selection of chicken meat, using qualitative methodology. Focus group discussions were tape recorded, transcribed verbatim and content analysed for major themes. Themes arising implied that "appearance" and "convenience" were the most important determinants of choice of chicken meat and these factors appeared to be associated with perceptions of freshness, healthiness, product versatility and concepts of value. A descriptive model has been developed to illustrate the interrelationship between factors affecting chicken meat choice. This study indicates that those involved in the production and retailing of chicken products should concentrate upon product appearance and convenience as market drivers for their products.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410536746
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  • 18
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    Legumes and grains are important sources of selenium in the Mauritian vegetarian diet (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 20-24 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article focuses on the selenium (Se) content of 29 legumes and grains available in Mauritius. Selenium was determined using an ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometric method. Results showed that there was considerable variation in the Se content of the legumes and grains that varied from 0.009 ± 0.003µg/g in Dhall Mung (Phaseolus areus) to 1.380 ± 0.003µg/g in Gram Noir (Cicer arietinum). The overall mean Se content of the legumes and grains analysed was 0.231 ± 0.00µg/g. In conclusion, the present study tends to show that legumes and grains are important vehicles of Se intake in the Mauritian diet.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410516180
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  • 19
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    Physical fitness and health-related parameters in Flemish life-long vegetarians: a pilot study (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 29-41 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study was designed to assess the physical fitness and health status in 36 life-long vegetarians. Besides a general questionnaire a dietary diary was completed and several blood parameters were determined. Physical fitness profile was estimated by testing handgrip strength, leg explosive strength, dynamic abdominal muscle endurance and cardiorespiratory endurance capacity. Body mass and length were measured for the determination of the BMI. The general questionnaire revealed that most of the subjects had healthy lifestyles. Nutritional intakes were not optimal with excess of some nutrients, but equally with some intakes not reaching the recommended daily allowances. Blood profile was normal for all evaluated parameters. Physical performance capacity was rather weak for strength-oriented tasks while a normal cardiorespiratory endurance capacity was measured. Our results indicate that a vegetarian diet is not automatically a healthy diet. Proper food choices need to be made to assure the completeness and to avoid excesses or deficiencies in the diet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410516207
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  • 20
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    Does diet protect against Parkinson's disease? Part 3 - fruit, vegetables and grains (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 194-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Parkinson's disease is an age-related brain disease which is currently incurable. The long period during which damage occurs but symptoms are not evident is a focus of research with an aim to finding ways of reducing damage. This paper is the third in a series of diet and PD and covers the evidence for a role of fruit, vegetables and grains in the development of PD. Evidence is not conclusive but suggests that increasing the consumption of fruit, vegetables and grains may reduce the incidence of PD. A small number of studies have found a positive association between fruit and vegetables and PD but this may be due to chemical contamination. There is a need for further research to be carried out, preferably as part of a large ongoing study, rather than using retospective data, with its inherent bias.
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    Protein energy malnutrition in complemented breast-fed babies: implications of the timing of complementary feeding (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 206-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The study investigated the association between complementation and protein energy malnutrition among 201 rural and urban women with infants of 0-18 months of age in the Osun State of Nigeria. The infants mothers were interviewed about their child feeding practices and anthropometric measurements were made on the infants. The result indicated growth faltering in infants from one month old in rural areas and from four months old in the urban communities. Stunting was prevalent and underweight and wasting were also noticed in the study population as a consequence of early introduction of complementary foods. The main recommendations were that complementary foods should not be introduced before the infant is four-six months of age and that the complementary foods used presently should be improved nutritionally through a long-term nutritional public education.
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    An examination of data on the Scottish diet (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 246-252 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This research paper aims to briefly summarize data from the Taylor, Nelson Sofres studies on diet, compiled by Friary Marketing and Consulting Group and make some comparisons with those of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs' National Food Survey for household food consumption. Studies show that the diet of the Scots provides a higher proportion of fat, contains less fruit and vegetables, supplies less energy from foods and beverages, includes a greater proportion of meals eaten out of the home and incorporates considerably more fried foods - both within and outside the home. Notes that 40 per cent of the Scots were of social class D and E. Shows similarities between the NFS data for household food consumption and that of Friary Marketing and Consulting Group. Suggestions are made for improving the diet of the Scots.
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    Food and residential care in old age (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 83-88 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In Scotland and Finland, a relatively small proportion of older people are in some form of residential care, but their numbers are not insubstantial given generally increased longevity. Moreover, those currently in residential care tend to be among the most vulnerable survivors of their generation. Residential care for older people has always been something of a paradox. The state has extensively recognised the vulnerability of those who can no longer care for themselves, or be cared for by their partner and family. However, provision is seldom adequate for the scale of demand and even commercial provision is characterised by low staffing ratios and unmet training needs. This paper outlines the development of Leonardo funded training materials for use across the European Union.
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    A need for effective health education programme for diabetic patients in Mauritius (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 113-115 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper focuses on the assessment of educational need of diabetic in-patients in medical wards in a regional hospital in Mauritius. Based on a questionnaire survey among 50 diabetic patients admitted to medical wards in a hospital, the present findings showed that the majority of the patients did not know what constitutes a fibre rich diet and were not even aware of their weight or recommended weight. Only half of the study population confirmed that they exercised regularly. Moreover cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were also found to be common among male patients. It was evident from the findings that despite the fact that the patients were aware of the nature of their disease they did not have adequate knowledge regarding the disease state and complications and risks associated with diabetes mellitus. Finally, the present study supports the need for a structured health education programme for in-patients suffering from diabetes.
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    Development of minerals-enriched brown flour by utilizing wheat milling by-products (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 161-165 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Brown flour was developed by incorporating different proportions of wheat bran, i.e. 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent into the residual flour (milling by-product of pizza flour). Each treatment of brown flour, wheat bran and whole wheat flour was subjected for proximate composition and iron content. The highest iron content was observed in wheat bran i.e. 64.6mg/kg whereas iron content in different treatments of brown flour ranged from 16.8 to 29.2mg/kg. Phytic acid content ranged from 0.72 to 1.09g/100g in different flour treatments. Chapatties prepared from the respective flour samples were further evaluated for various chemical and sensory attributes. The brown flour prepared by the addition of 10 percent bran showed better performance and was quite comparable with whole wheat flour regarding the proximate and sensory attributes like color, flavor, texture, taste, folding ability, chewing ability and appearance. Moreover, the same sample (T3) had better iron content than whole wheat flour. Chapatties prepared with brown flour containing 10 percent followed by 15 percent bran were of best quality and quite comparable with chapatties prepared from whole wheat flour.
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    Dietary patterns of smokers and non-smokers in the United Arab Emirates (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 179-180 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Data on 203 Emirati men were taken to study the differences among smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers in food intake. Results revealed that there was no statistically significant association between smoking and frequency intake of some common foods. However, smokers were less likely to consume fruits and vegetables, and more likely to consume tea and fish than other groups. Intervention programmes to control smoking should take into consideration the dietary habits and lifestyle of smokers to reduce the risk of chronic diseases among them.
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    A survey of hygiene practices among food vendors in rural areas in Mauritius (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 203-205 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Using a questionnaire, assesses the hygienic practices of a group of 50 street food vendors in Mauritius. The findings showed that generally, food vendors were quite aware of hygienic conditions, which have to be respected while handling and preparing foods. However, it was found that the majority of them were not implementing their knowledge into practice and still perceived that their products were of relatively low risk to the consumers. It was also found that for more than half of the vending households, street food vending was the main income provider. Despite the role of health inspectors in promoting awareness of the risks which poor hygiene practices may lead to, findings from the present study highlight the need for further health education of food vendors.
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    The effect of shift-work on food intake and eating habits (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 216-221 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of shift work on food intake and eating patterns in order to assess the impact of this on health. A total of 36 shift workers were measured anthropometrically and were asked to complete food diaries for six consecutive days, and a lifestyle questionnaire. The results revealed night workers did not eat more than day workers, but ate smaller meals and snacks over a greater time frame. Night-shift workers revealed significant differences (p〈 0.05) in food intake patterns on work and rest days, while day workers did not. Because shift work is a factor in the timing of food consumption, and typically there is a lack of good food facilities at night, it is suggested that this has the potential to cause difficulties in the establishment of healthy eating patterns. Employers may wish to review the food and dining facilities available for night staff to maximize healthy eating options.
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    Weight and dieting behavior of college students in Cyprus (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 260-263 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to provide the first report of weight and dieting behaviour of college students in Cyprus. A cross-sectional survey was administered to a convenience sample of 451 students studying at the largest private college in Cyprus. The survey was used to determine the prevalence of inappropriate dieting practices that included use of diet pills, fasting, induced vomiting and laxative use to get rid of food eaten. Body mass index and accuracy of self-perceived weight were also determined. A high rate of underweight among females and a low rate of obesity for all students were found. Students reported unhealthy dieting behaviours including use of diet pills, fasting, induced vomiting and laxative use. The results show that there are serious weight issues for students in Cyprus and indicate that disordered dieting behaviours exist in the Mediterranean.
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    Storage studies of red palm oil fortified cookies (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 272-276 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Use of red palm oil fortified shortening was explored for combating vitamin A deficiency in Pakistan. Six types of cookies were prepared in which normal shortening was progressively replaced at the rate of 20 per cent with RPO fortified shortening. The carotenoids content of cookies varied depending on the content of RPO. A moderate loss was noticed after a 60-day storage. An increase in moisture content was observed, while other chemical characteristics remained unchanged. Sensory analysis showed that cookies containing 40 per cent RPO were most acceptable, while those prepared from 80-100 per cent RPO developed an oily flavour. The best treatment having 40 per cent RPO?+?60 per cent NS provides 344.15 to 312.86 µg/10?g of carotenoids at 0 and 60 days respectively. Recommends that five cookies would provide 40-50 per cent of RDA of vitamin A to school-going children.
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    The survival of Arcobacter butzleri, an emerging human pathogen, in the presence of acids or ethanol (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 210-215 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The species Arcobacter is related to the well-known human pathogen, Campylobacter jejuni, and has been linked to human illness, both by association and epidemiologically. In this study the survival of Arcobacter butzleri in acidic conditions and in ethanol has been investigated. The organism is not able to remain viable in acids below pH4.0 but the actual inhibitory pH depends on acid, growth conditions and growth phase. A. butzleri is able to survive in 10 per cent ethanol in culture and, when attached to stainless steel surfaces, 22.7 per cent of the organisms remain viable and recoverable after swabbing with 5 per cent ethanol compared with a control swabbed with water. The fact that this organism is able to survive under these conditions may have an impact in the food processing industry.
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    Implications of low red meat consumption for iron status of young people in Britain (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 253-259 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this paper is to decide whether consumption of red and processed meat is associated with iron intakes and/or iron status among young people in Britain. Data from The National Diet and Nutrition Survey: Young People Aged 4-18 Years was used. A total of 1,169 respondents completed a seven-day weighed dietary record and provided a blood sample for iron status. Supplement-users were excluded. RPM was defined as all red meat, meat products and offal excluding white meat. Found that, among girls, iron intakes were low but RPM was not associated with iron intake; boys were less prone to low iron intakes. Opines that low consumption of red meat has adverse implications for iron status. Dietary advice needs to emphasise the importance of bio-available iron sources (such as meat) as well as other factors that increase iron bioavailability.
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    Aflatoxins in Nigerian dry-roasted groundnuts (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 268-271 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Samples of dry-roasted groundnuts purchased from street hawkers, markets and retail shops in southwestern Nigeria were analysed for moisture content, fungal populations and aflatoxin contamination. The moisture content varied from 2.1 to 3.6 per cent, while the mould counts using the dilution plating method ranged from 2.9 × 102 to 6.3 × 102 colony-forming units per gram in samples. Aflatoxin B1 was found in 64.2 per cent of samples with a mean of 25.5 ppb. Aflatoxins B2, G1 and G2 were detected in 26.4, 11.3 and 2.8 per cent of the samples with mean levels of 10.7, 7.2 and 8 ppb respectively in contaminated samples. It is concluded that the regular consumption of DRG by Nigerians might present potential health hazards.
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    Preparation and characterisation of high performance anticorrosive paints based on novel corrosion inhibitive amide polymers (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 152-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: New types of amide polymers have been prepared and evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for steel protection. Such polymers included o-, m-, and p- itaconyl phenylene amides, itaconyl o- tolidine amide and maleiyl phenylene amide polymers. The polymers were prepared by condensation of equimolar ratios of diamine with itaconic or maleic acids in non-polar solvents of high boiling point (〉135°C) using the Dean and Stark apparatus. The amide polymers obtained were characterised and their structures confirmed based on the micro-analysis of C, H, and N, the estimated amount of water liberated from the condensation reaction, the IR spectrophotometric measurements and the molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The amide polymers obtained were incorporated into paint formulations as corrosion inhibitors for steel protection.
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    Studies of luminescence property of long afterglow Eu, Dy activated SrMgSiO phosphor (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 220-225 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Long afterglow Sr2MgSi2O7 (SMS) phosphor was prepared by Douby's methods at high temperature and reductive atmosphere. The excitation and emission spectra of this phosphor showed that both had broad bands and that the main emission peak at 469?nm was due to 4f-5d transitions of Eu+2 and implied that the luminescence centres Eu+2 occupied the Sr+2 sites in the Sr2MgSi2O7 host. The phosphor doped only with Eu ions did not demonstrate the long afterglow phenomenon, but when co-doped with Dy+3 ions in the SMS matrix, significant long afterglow was observed.
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    Ink-jet technology: status quo and future - relevance to surface coatings (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 238-244 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Recent years have seen a rapid development of ink-jet printing technology. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in ink-jet printing technology and gives an overview of ink-jet printing into the immediate future. The focus is placed on various applications of jet printing technology. The potential of applying jetting technology in the conventionally surface coating dominated applications will also be explored.
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    Synthesis and characterisation of hole transporting soluble polyschiff base containing triarylamine unit in the backbone (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 206-210 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A soluble polyschiff base containing triarylamine unit in backbone was synthesised by condensation polymerisation. The hole transport properties of such polyschiff base were studied. The mobility of the hole carrier in the polyschiff base film was also measured and found to be µ=1.68×10-4?cm2/V?s by means of time of flight technique. A polymer electroluminescence device was prepared with the polyschiff base used as hole transporting moiety by spin coated.
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    Review of basic chemistry of UV-curing technology (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 272-279 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The market for ultraviolet curing technology has been growing at double-digit rates in the last 10 years. The main reason for such a rapid technological growth of UV curing is its unique process characteristic, which allow UV-coating to be applied on virtually any substrates, including plastic, metal, composite, wood, paper, leather, vinyl, glass, magnetic recording tape and even human teeth. The original driving forces behind the commercialisation of UV-technology were energy saving and freedom from solvents. These benefits are complemented by high productivity and subsequently higher profits that can be achieved with the increased line speed, just-in-time benefits and immediate "pack and ship" capabilities. This paper gives a review of the development of the UV curing technology, with emphasis placed on relevant chemistry.
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    A study of the effects of the process parameters on the flexographic printing problem "dot bridging" - Part I: experimental design and linear run length (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 293-301 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Commercial pressure has forced improvements in the reduction of press down time. One restraining factor for the flexographic printing process has been the lack of predictability and consistency. The results of a factorial designed experiment, are reported in this paper. Investigations into the complex interactions of many variable factors that take place during the printing process were carried out. Various statistical methods were employed for the design of the experiment and for the interpretation of experimental data generated. The results of the investigation have been used to optimise the flexographic printing techniques to significantly manipulate the properties of various production components for the end-use application to enhance the plates printing performance and consistency.
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    Challenges of UV curable ink-jet printing inks - a formulator's perspective (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 280-286 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: UV curing technology has a number of unique advantages over the conventional curing technologies. However, until very recently, there had been few successful examples of the application of UV curing technology in ink-jet printing. Several reasons, including the requirement of low viscosity for ink-jet printing inks, were responsible for the lack of development of UV curable ink-jet printing inks. This paper describes, in some details, the challenges that a formulator had to face in developing UV curable ink-jet printing inks, together with information on the status quo of UV curable ink-jet printing technology.
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    An investigation on the moisture resistance of wood finishes (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 302-307 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Impermeability tests had been carried out to compare the moisture resistance of two wood finish paints available on the Cameroonian market. Two types of paints had been used namely, an oil-based paint and an emulsion paint, both manufactured in Cameroon by SMALTO Company. It appeared that the oil-based paint gave better protection to wood in wet environments, areas with strong pluviometry (where the quantity of humidity in the air is very high). The emulsion paint was found to be suitable for use for interior decorative purpose. It was suggested that a glycerophthalic lacquer could be used for wood finishing in areas subjected to the emissions of water vapour or requiring frequent washing (bathroom, kitchen, WC, etc.). In addition, the number of coating layers should be increased to enhance the moisture resistance of such paint films.
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    Synthesis and characterisation of methine dyes derived from condensation of 4-nitrophenylacetonitrile with aromatic aldehydes (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 370-374 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A range of methine dyes has been synthesised by condensation of electronegative active methylene compound, 4-nitrophenylacetonitrile with substituted benzaldehydes. The electronic absorption spectroscopic properties of the dyes were investigated. It was found that in general, substituents on the aromatic aldehyde moiety had a significant effect on the visible absorption maxima of the dyes.
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    Preparation and characterisation of zinc yellow pigment for low temperature ceramic glaze - Part I: the effects of the reactants ratio, stirring time and pH (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 352-361 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Zinc potassium chromate (4Zn·O4CrO3·K2O·3H2O) was prepared using zinc salt solution, sodium hydroxide and potassium dichromate solutions. The pigment synthesised was investigated by various methods. Upon heating, this pigment underwent decomposition to form ZnCr2O4, K2CrO4 and ZnO. The pigment obtained was successfully used in the preparation of glaze and then on a tile. The L*, a* and b* values of the fired glaze were 71.607, 2.695 and 67.327, respectively.
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    A study of anti-corrosive effects of Artemisia oil on steel (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 287-292 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of natural Artemisia oil on the corrosion of steel in molar hydrochloric acid were studied by the measurements of weight loss, electrochemical and EIS polarisation. The results obtained revealed that Artemisia oil reduced the rate of corrosion. The corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with the increase of inhibitor concentration. Potentiodynamic polarisation studies clearly revealed that the presence of the natural Artemisia oil did not alter the mechanism of the hydrogen evolution reaction and acted essentially as a cathodic inhibitor. Good agreement between gravimetric and electrochemical polarisation results was noted. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behaviour of steel in 1M HCl, with and without the oil in the temperature range of 308-353?K, indicated that inhibition efficiency increased with temperature. The adsorption of Artemisia oil on the steel is followed by Frumkin adsorption isotherm.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410560489
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    Evaluation of amide polymers as antioxidants for mixed soap greases (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 362-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper reports on the preparation of six formulations (G1-G6) containing mixed soap greases based on cotton soap stock, aromatic extract, heavy alkylate and lube base oil. The physicochemical properties of these ingredients were characterised. The consistency, dropping point and mechanical stability of the formulated greases were assessed and tested in accordance with the National Laboratory for Grease Institute standards, and compared with the Egyptian Standards. The properties of the formulated grease G4 proved to be the best. The work reported also includes preparation of itaconyl-o-tolidine-, itaconyl bisaniline- and itaconyl m-phenylene- amide polymers. The structure of these polymers was investigated using infrared spectroscopy, micro analysis and gel permeation chromatography. The polymers prepared were evaluated as antioxidants for the optimum formulated grease G4. The study revealed that the itaconyl m-phenylene amide polymer was a weak antioxidant, while itaconyl bisaniline- and itaconyl-o-tolidine amide polymers showed good anti-oxidation property.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410568382
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    Synthesis and characterisation of one-part ambient temperature curing polyurethane adhesives for wood bonding (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 345-351 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of polyol types, polyol molecular weights, NCO/OH molar ratio, solvent types, and resin solid contents of the one-part ambient temperature curing adhesives were studied. The results showed that the one-part ambient temperature curing polyurethane prepared had fast rate of setting and good bonding, meeting the requirements of a typical structural adhesive.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410568364
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    Characterisation of a new tripyrazole derivative as inhibitor for the steel corrosion in acid solution (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 375-379 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The inhibition of corrosion of steel in 1?M HCl solution by newly synthesised pyrazole derivatives has been studied by weight loss and polarisation techniques at 308°K. Its inhibitory power is compared to N,N'-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl-methyl)-pentanolamine (Bipyr). The results obtained reveal that tripyrazole exhibits a good protection. Inhibition is found to increase with increase in inhibitor concentration. The inhibition behaviour of the compound has been explained on the basis of molecule size and charge density of adsorption active centres. The adsorption phenomenon obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410568409
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    Molecular charge transfer complexes of metal ions thiazolylazo compounds with iodine (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 32-38 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Molecular charge transfer complexes of some thiazolazo compounds with Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Zn2+, La3+ and Zr3+ complexes with iodine have been studied spectrophotometrically. The stoichiometry and formation constants of the complexes formed were determined. The effect of solvents, effect of buffer (pH 2-11) and the energy of transition (E) were calculated. The optimum conditions favouring the formation of the coloured complexes were extensively studied by Beer's law and Ringbom method. Furthermore, the spectral characteristics, IR, UV-Vis and 1H NMR of the complexes were investigated and discussed in terms of donor molecular structure.
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    A study of the influence of solvents on the dispersive characteristics of silica, modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, as filler for plastic and paint systems (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 142-151 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Studies were carried out on the modification of silica with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in various solvents. The modified silica obtained was subjected to comprehensive evaluations of physicochemical properties, including the bulk density and the capacities to absorb water, dibutyl phthalate and paraffin oil. Particle size, particle size distribution, uniformity of the particles, tendency to form agglomerates, as well as particle surface morphology, were also examined using SEM and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. The properties of the modified silica obtained were compared to evaluate the effects of the solvents used during the surface modification of the silica.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410537250
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    Preparation and characterisation of linseed oil modified polyesteramide resins for surface coatings (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 85-90 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Linseed oil was employed to modify polyesteramide resin via the condensation of hydroxyethylamide derivatives of fatty acids of linseed oil, i.e. {N, N'-bis(2 hydroxylethyl) linseed amide} and phthalic anhydride and dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, succinic acid and sebacic acid. The polyesteramide resins obtained were tested for their application as a vehicle/binder in the preparation of surface coatings. The resins obtained were also characterised for their physico-chemical properties, film forming properties and chemical resistance.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410524894
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    Corrosion inhibition of iron in hydrochloric acid solution by jojoba oil (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 26-31 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The influence of addition of the natural material, jojoba oil, on the corrosion of iron in molar hydrochloric acid had been studied using weight loss measurement and electrochemical polarisation methods. It was found that the corrosion rate was significantly reduced in the presence of jojoba. It was also found that the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with the concentration of the jojoba oil to attain a 100 per cent inhibition at 0.515?g/l of jojoba oil, indicating that jojoba oil was an excellent corrosion inhibitor. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behaviour of iron indicated that the inhibition efficiency of jojoba oil decreased very slightly with the rise of temperature. It was found that the adsorption of jojoba oil on the iron, which followed the Frumkin isotherm, was the main cause to the corrosion inhibition.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410512077
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    Formulation and characterisation of anticorrosive paints (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 99-104 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Styrene-acrylic resin paints having a pigment volume concentration of 31 per cent and consisting of a constant level of ethylene glycol, titanium oxide, water, rheological agent, inhibitor and defoamer and variable levels of dispersant (x), anticorrosion pigment (y) and wollastonite (z) were prepared. Such emulsion paints were applied to the flat carbon steel test panels. The dried paint films were subjected to various standard anticorrosion tests. The results obtained showed different types of relationship between the anticorrosive behaviour of the paints and variables x, y and z. The antifouling properties of the paint films were obtained through corrosion tests in a marine-industrial environment at ambient temperatures.
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    Halamine polymers: 2. Preparation of new triazine-diones biocidal polymers by grafting polymerisation (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 211-219 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: New N-halamine polymeric compounds were prepared by reacting cyanuric acid and polyacrylonitrile. Grafting of acrylonitrile monomer onto cotton linters was carried out and the product was reacted with cyanuric acid and finally was chlorinated. Cyanoethylation of polyvinyl alcohol was performed using acrylonitrile monomer to give polyvinylcyanoethyl ether, which, in turn, was reacted with cyanuric acid. The biological activity of the various chlorinated compounds obtained was examined against Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria using columns and dishes methods. A high disinfecting power of the chlorinated compounds obtained was observed. Thus, the bacteria was deactivated after the first cycle without contact with the product. All of the compounds prepared were insoluble in water and most of inorganic solvents. These compounds were also found to be very stable and did not decompose to give any toxic compounds. Thus, the chlorinated compounds prepared had no harmful effects on humans.
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    High performance anticorrosive paint formulations based on phosphate pigments (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 226-237 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Historically, paints designed to protect steel and other metals have been formulated using anticorrosive chromate pigments, which are currently under environmental restrictions. During the investigation reported here, various phosphate compounds. The pigments prepared were characterised using a variety of chemical and spectrophotometric methods of analysis including emission atomic absorption, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, in addition to thermal gravimetric analysis. The pigments were also evaluated according to relevant international standard testing methods. The phosphates prepared were incorporated into anticorrosive paint formulations, to replace the imported zinc phosphate pigment, containing medium oil alkyd resin, and melamine formaldehyde resin. Paint films obtained were tested in artificial seawater for 28 days for anticorrosion properties. The results indicated that the paint films had good anticorrosive protection properties that could be attributed to the pigments prepared and the resins used.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410546917
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    Halamine polymers: 1. Preparation and characterisation of new pyrimidinone biocidal polymers based on poly-4-vinylacetophenone (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 75-84 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A series of novel halamine polymers known as pyrimidinone biocidal polymers were prepared by reacting poly-4-vinylacetophenone with urea and benzaldehyde to form 1H,3H,6H,-4(4'-polystyreno)-6-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-one, which on chlorination yielded 1Cl,3H,6H,-4(4'-polystyreno)-6-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-one. The same reaction was also carried out using the derivatives of benzaldehyde such as p-nitrobenzaldehyde and p-methoxybenzaldehyde under the same reaction conditions. .
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410524885
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    A study of the film properties of pigmented UV-curable epoxidised soybean oil (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 160-164 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Development of new radiation-curable materials for the application in radiation curing technology is of significant importance. Most of the commercially available radiation-curable resins are derived from synthetic raw materials. The synthesis of acrylated, epoxidised soybean oil (ESO) from ESO had been carried out by reacting acrylic acid with the oxirane group in ESO. The acrylated ESO products were characterised using a variety of analytical techniques. Thus, the oxygen value, the iodine value, the acid value and the infrared spectra of the acrylated ESO products were obtained. Pigmented acrylated ESO systems were prepared and found to cure on exposure to UV radiation.
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    Synthesis and characterisation of a new series of pyridinone azo dyes for dyeing of synthetic fibers (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 165-171 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A series of azo dye systems, namely, 5-arylazo-pyridin-2-one dye systems (5a-k), was synthesised and characterised. The effects of the structural configuration of the pyridinone dye systems on the shifts of the ultraviolet-visible absorption maxima were investigated. The structural effects of the polyfunctionally substituted pyridinone dye systems on the intensity of colour and fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were also discussed.
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    Learning about environmental issues in engineering programmes: A case study of first-year civil engineering students' contextualisation of an ecology course (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 295-307 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: Describes how first-year civil engineering students interpreted the content and structure of an ecology course. Students' learning processes were analysed from an intentional perspective, i.e. a perspective that takes into account the students' educational aims and conceptions of the study situation. Interviews were carried out with six civil engineering students who had taken the ecology course. Classroom observations were carried out and the dialogue between the lecturers and the students recorded. Interviews were transcribed and analysed from an intentional perspective, i.e. meaning is ascribed to the students' actions and utterances in terms of intent. Students contextualised the content of the ecology course in different ways - within natural science, cultural, social and political, applied and professional, and existential contexts. Students found the content of the ecology course to be a question of value judgement. Also, among the students there were feelings of accusation on behalf of engineers as professionals. Learning processes among the students were analysed in terms of contextual awareness and contextual inconsistency. Students mainly enhanced their knowledge in the sense that they tended to elaborate concepts solely on an empirical level and learned more facts. Suggests that environmental issues can be seen and dealt with from natural science, social science and philosophical perspectives, and that it is important that these different perspectives are explicitly addressed on a meta-level. The tendency to enhance the amount of content matter to be taught without considering the meta-level issues can cause the students problems in their efforts to learn. Suggested that the premises for teaching certain content should be made explicit by the teacher. To know why certain content has been included in the teaching may be of considerable help for the students in formulating relevant learning projects.
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    Considerations on educating engineers in sustainability (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 147-155 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: The teaching of sustainability to engineers will follow similar paths to that of environmental engineering. There is a strong feeling that environmental engineering is a discipline unto itself, requiring knowledge of chemistry, physics, biology, hydrology, toxicology, modelling and law. However, environmental engineering can also be encompassed within other disciplines; for example, solar and wind power are often taught in electrical or mechanical engineering; pollution control is taught in chemical engineering; and recycling technologies are taught in both chemical and mechanical engineering. The understanding of sustainability engineering, however, requires a greater maturity than that of most engineering disciplines. Although the basics of this concept can be understood by anyone, the ability to understand the complex systems which exist within the environment and society as well as the constraints on those systems is only beginning to emerge at the fourth year or graduate level. Moreover, the elements necessary to achieve sustainability are derived from all aspects of engineering and, like environmental engineering, all engineering disciplines have strong roles to play in achieving sustainability. However, there is also a fundamental discourse that can be taught as a discipline in sustainability engineering. Discusses aspects of such a programme and outlines the requirements for educating engineers in sustainability.
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    Cooling the campus: Experiences from a pilot study to reduce electricity use at Tufts University, USA, using social marketing methods (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 169-189 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: A community-based social marketing (CBSM) campaign to reduce student electricity use and greenhouse gas emissions was undertaken at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts. Social marketing methods follow a commercial marketing model and involve market research into the planning, pricing, communication, distribution, and evaluation of methods designed to encourage a desired behavior change rather than a product. Two upper-class suite-style dorms were used in the study. Residents of the control dormitory were exposed to an educational program on climate change detailing how their electricity and computer use creates greenhouse gas emissions. Residents of the experimental dorm were exposed to the same educational program as well as a social marketing campaign encouraging students to turn personal computers off when not in use. Before and after surveys suggested that the social marketing campaign had a greater impact on student environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors than the educational program alone.
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    Assessing the educational opportunities from a solar powered cultivator at Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 190-198 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: The need to develop alternatives for fossil fuel energy consumption is mandated by the limit of world oil reserves and the environmental costs associated with their continued use. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate to local farmers the environmental benefits provided by a modified farm implement and to enhance interest in alternative energy systems. The investigators wanted also to evaluate the attitudes among students and the general public in studying energy in lower power applications at Slippery Rock University. This was accomplished through the administration of a purposefully designed survey to 72 subjects who were introduced to alternative energy systems by the investigators at the farmers' fairs. Presents a discussion about every indicator proposed by the research instrument with implications for colleges and universities in gearing curricula toward sustainability. The acquisition of solar powered equipment remains inaccessible for a majority of Pennsylvania farmers. However, this initial evaluation study demonstrates a sincere interest toward solar energy, in an attempt to pursue sustainability a step further, at an institution of higher education, in this prominent agrarian region of the USA.
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    EcoCity Columbus: Using an Ohio State University planning class to bring sustainability concepts to Columbus, Ohio (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 199-212 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: Attention in US literature and practice addressing sustainable development has focused on a limited number of communities such as Seattle, Washington, and Portland, Oregon. These communities have been identified as making difficult decisions and ground-breaking policies to advance sustainability initiatives. However, these communities are considered by some to be atypical and their experiences do not relate to the typical US city. The US landscape is dominated by more "average" places. Explores the use of a graduate level planning class to help bring sustainability concepts to a more typical US city, Columbus, Ohio. Examines impediments and opportunities that were encountered in the process, and identifies three key factors that have characterized the Columbus experience: timing, leadership, and a non-continuously successful process.
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    Major challenges to engineering education for sustainable development: What has to change to make it creative, effective, and acceptable to the established disciplines? (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 239-250 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: Scholars and professionals committed to fostering sustainable development have urged a re-examination of the curriculum and restructuring of research in engineering-focused institutions of higher learning. This article will address the following themes and questions: How can multi- and trans-disciplinary teaching and research coexist in a meaningful way in today's university structures? Does education relevant to sustainable development require its own protected incubating environment to survive, or will it otherwise be gobbled up and marginalized by attempting to instil it throughout the traditional curriculum? What roles can national and EU governments have in accelerating the needed changes? How can it be made safe for courageous students to take educational paths different from traditional tracks, even if technical options exist to do so? What can one learn from comparative analysis of universities in different nations and environments?
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    Implementing a program in sustainability for engineers at University of Technology, Sydney: A story of intersecting agendas (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 267-277 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: Integrating sustainability into an undergraduate engineering program at the University of Technology, Sydney has been a challenging project. The authors of this paper have been participant observers of the integration process. In this paper, they have attempted an analysis of that process, focussing on the dynamics of the network of people and interests, which have shaped the process. Actor network theory was used to provide an analytical framework for the analysis. The interests and experiences of the authors in the process necessarily influence the analysis. All three authors have been active in positioning sustainability as a central theme for the critique and practice of engineering. Paul Bryce and Stephen Johnston have had long-standing involvement in technology transfer projects in development. Both have published on engineering as a social activity, critiquing the undue emphasis in engineering education on engineering science, at the expense of attention to engineering practice. Their experience and scholarship have given credibility to their efforts in the faculty to press for a new paradigm of engineering practice. Keiko Yasukawa is an educational developer in the faculty who has been working with staff and students to help them reflect on their idea of what engineering is about in their teaching and learning. She has taken a leading role in shaping the new curriculum.
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    Integrating SD into engineering courses at the Delft University of Technology: The individual interaction method (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 278-288 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: When sustainable development (SD) is only taught in specific courses, it is questionable if engineering students are able to integrate it into their engineering practices and technical designs. For this reason, sustainability should also be integrated into regular engineering courses, e.g. design courses, materials courses or processing technology. The SD education plan adopted by the board of Delft University of Technology (DUT) in 1998 was based on this philosophy. It consists of three interconnected activities for all engineering curricula: the implementation of an elementary course "Technology in sustainable development"; the development of a graduation program in sustainable development for students who want to specialize; and the integration of sustainable development in all regular courses, wherever applicable. This paper describes various activities that the project group carried out to stimulate and support the third strategy: SD integration. It turned out that top-down attempts to influence the content of courses often triggered resistance among lecturers, as they feared the intermingling of laymen into their scientific/engineering discipline. Interaction was important but was often impossible by lack of mutual understanding. Participation in a national project aimed to stimulate discussion by making disciplinary sustainability reviews of academic/engineering disciplines. This approach was promising as it created the base for serious discussions. However, the reports often ended in the bureaucracies of the departments. More positive results were achieved with a semi-consultant approach directed at discussing SD issues with individual lecturers. Many lecturers were willing to discuss their courses, and were interested in practical ideas to integrate sustainability. This interactive approach is promising because it does not conflict with academic culture and keeps the lecturer in charge of his own course.
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    A sustainable development course for environmental engineers in Kyrgyzstan (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 289-294 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: Courses on sustainable development (SD) are taught in several institutes of Kyrgyzstan. However, courses for the specialties "eco-technology", and "ecological exploitation of natural resources" are only offered by two institutes. There are two alternative courses: for students; and (two months) for decision makers. The theoretical-cognitive base of the courses includes Rio 92 documents, Club of Rome Reports, Brundlandt Report, Vernadsky biosphere-nooshere theory, and the Kyrgyzstani Comprehensive Development Framework 2001-2010. Three problems are also included: administrative apparatus reform; economy restoration (mining, water-soil-energy); and poverty alleviation. Philosophy, recent nature concept, regional and global problems are also included in the courses. A focus point in the courses is to restore balances between nature conservation and nature-using activities, especially in the energy field (oil, gas, coal, and alternative energy from sun and wind). Sun, including collectors for water, building heating and processes for drying crops and vegetables by sunlight, are also included in the course. Small hydroelectric power stations (1-22KW) might be used in the country's mountain range. The courses also deal with Central Asian ethnic problems (sharp divisions by ethnicity such as Turkish, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Iranian, Tadjik). There is also a course in emotional form, using poetry and (sometimes religious) verses. The courses have been taught since 1998. Thus far 400 students and 92 administrators passed the course. In this paper, the specific approach of the course, investigating SD at a conceptual as well as an emotional level, will be evaluated. Reflects on the question of how successful this approach might be for developing countries in general.
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    Arsenic mitigation and social mobilisation in Bangladesh (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 308-319 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: For the people of Bangladesh, mostly in rural areas, a new disaster is emerging. Two-thirds of the deep tube wells installed over the last three decades - roughly 3 million in total - contain arsenic concentrations above the permissible levels set by the WHO. These wells were installed to contribute to a secure and reliable drinking water supply, and put an end to various contagious diseases from the use of surface water. In itself that goal has been reached. It is therefore a bitter observation that it is this very approach that has led to the widespread arsenic poisoning of drinking water. Most rural development programs cannot meet the demand of the community because of the absence of appropriate institutional mechanisms, and most programs simply cannot reach the large low-income groups. It is time to rethink the existing institutional set-up and redefine the roles of communities, the private sector, NGOs, local government institutions and the central government. An initiative from several Bangladeshi organisations has resulted in international co-operation - the Arsenic Mitigation and Research Foundation (AMRF). Participation of the local community is one of the guiding principles of AMRF. Local priorities will be a significant component in the decisions made regarding mitigation activities. Given the institutional weakness of governmental bodies in solving problems within a reasonable time, it is natural to look for local solutions based on local experience, knowledge and capacity. Focuses on institutional development and community participation related to arsenic contamination in drinking water and broadly in sustainable development policy and practice in Bangladesh. Looks into possible comprehensive frameworks for the implementation of sustainable drinking water systems, facilitating a basic development strategy for people's participation. Discusses ways to ensure a greater role for the community in achieving a sustainable rural water management system, involving formal institutions as well as informal networks at village community level.
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    An overview of ecological footprinting and other tools and their application to the development of sustainability process: Audit and methodology at Holme Lacy College, UK (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 340-371 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: A sustainability audit of Holme Lacy College is described. The approach adopted a "triple bottom line" assessment, comprising a number of key steps: a scoping review utilising a revised Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors project appraisal tool; an environmental impact assessment based on ecological footprinting and a social and economic impact assessment. The college has a number of unsustainable features. Its ecological footprint is equivalent to 296?ha and some 866 tonnes of CO2 were emitted from the site over a one-year period. The social impact of the college and its staff is significant over a wide range of stakeholders and the region. The economic impact indicates that the college contributes up to £5.3 million to the local and regional economy.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14676370410561063
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    Stories of transformation (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 8-10 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: Introduces the special issue on "Stories of transformation" in higher education (HE). Highlights that transformation in HE involves multi-disciplinary and applied orientations to curriculum change, which break down the modernist dichotomy of theory and practice. Also highlights the significance of change processes that are value-based and require the involvement of committed individuals and groups that are prepared to engage the often rhetorical nature of declarations and institutionalized commitments to sustainable development. Also highlights the absence of theorizing about change and action in institutional contexts amongst academics involved in transformation towards sustainable development in HE institutions.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14676370410512553
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    Integrating value education and sustainable development into a Dutch university curriculum (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 21-32 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: Despite the mainstream technological approach of science in academic curricula, with its focus on specialisation, the Dutch history of higher education is an interesting example of an alternative development. The Vrije Universiteit of Amsterdam has declared in its mission statement a pedagogical ideal of "broad academic education", oriented towards educating students to become "morally responsible and reflective scientists and professionals". This paper describes a pilot study focusing on organisational dynamics, learning processes involved in value education, and the question of how a philosophical/ethical perspective on sustainability can be integrated into the curriculum. A critical evaluation of this pilot study suggests that students need more insight into the status of values as different from empirical facts.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14676370410512571
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    Sustainability in tertiary curricula: what is stopping it happening? (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 33-47 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: The concepts of environmental education and education for sustainability have been acknowledged by many tertiary institutions for over a decade. An appreciable number of institutions have signed agreements to educate students in all disciplines about sustainability. Although several Australian institutions of higher education have signed the Talloire Declaration, a recent survey finds little indication that their curricula have been changed to include sustainability education. Despite the apparent widespread support for the concept of student education in sustainability, there is little implementation. The experience of Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University suggests that those concerned about education and environment/sustainability need more than conviction and vision. A strategic approach - based on change management and supported by staff development - is needed to implement these sorts of changes. Rather than attempting to outline a grand plan or model for implementation, this paper identifies key issues and looks into the current experience associated with implementation approaches.
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    Global environmental planning at the Technical University of Catalonia (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 48-62 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: In 1996 the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) adopted an Environment Plan which incorporated classical technical education, promoting multidisciplinary environmental research, and improving the environmental performance of university life as a whole. This paper outlines the first environment plan (1996-2001). It discusses its encouraging results and consequences, and describes how it was the main motivation for the design of a second environment plan for the period (2002-2005). The paper pays special attention to the curriculum greening experience of UPC: six years ago the university decided to start greening its entire range of courses, over a wide range of technical and scientific areas. The paper explains the most relevant projects, and attempts to evaluate their effectiveness in improving the environmental performance of the university.
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    Sustainability takes time (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 81-90 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: This is a story of transformation at Sheffield Hallam University, UK. It describes the progress and thinking along the path to introducing the university's vision of sustainability since the conclusion of EMSU 1999.It describes how sustainable practice has been incorporated within the formal democratic structures of the university, and describes the results of the initial environmental review and the early experiences and outcomes of target setting. The paper does not ignore those areas where there has not been success. It considers the involvement of the university in the UK Higher Education Programme for Sustainability (HEPS) directed by the Forum for the Future, and the advantages of engagement with the student community. The paper considers the early introduction of corporate social responsibility. It concludes with an aide memoir (currently in development) to assist all managers at the university in considering the impact of their planned actions on sustainability.
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    Environmental management at Swedish universities (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 91-99 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: Abstract Since1996, all Swedish public authorities, which includes most universities, have been made responsible for contributing to the sustainable development of the society. Swedish universities are thus required to submit annual environmental reports about their policies, structures and actions. This study provides a review of the activities that Swedish universities have undertaken so far. Reports from the year 2000 show that all 25 participating universities conducted the first environmental review. Most universities stopped there, although one - Mälardalen University - has gone all the way to ISO 14001 certification. The findings of the study suggest that universities, which have been participating for some years in the project, are further along the line than those that joined recently. There is also some indication that environmental-management-system (EMS) work is easier for the smaller universities, which can mobilise around a single goal.
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    An integrated approach to environmental education: a case study (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 11-20 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: In 1994, the Executive Management Committee (EMC) of Technikon Pretoria took a strategic decision to develop educational programmes in environmental management and sustainable development. The EMC also decided to integrate these programmes with the development and implementation of an environmental management policy for Technikon Pretoria. This paper describes, in the form of a case study, the project embarked upon, which brings together the development and implementation of the curriculum, research and development, management processes for sustainability, community service and national and international cooperation. The paper discusses successes and failures, and the significant lessons that could be learnt from the experience.
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    An environmental management qualification through distance education (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 63-80 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: The department of geography and environmental studies of the University of South Africa recently played a pivotal role in implementing an inter- and multidisciplinary undergraduate programme in environmental management. This programme prepares students for entry-level occupations, and equips them with the knowledge, skills and values needed to contribute to sustainable development. Both BA and BSc students are catered for, which contributes to the broadening of undergraduate education. This programme is unique because of its inclusion at undergraduate level and because it is offered through distance education. The teaching approach acknowledges that the causes of environmental problems are not simple, and are rooted in the nature of political, social and economic systems. It acknowledges that the solutions to environmental problems are equally complex, requiring not only specialist inputs, but also value and structural shifts. In line with the latest trends in education, a student-activating approach is followed, with emphasis on real case studies, the flexible application of knowledge, and formative and integrated assessment. An overview is given of the experience that has been gained through designing and implementing this programme. This experience may serve to stimulate discussion on how to improve education and training in this field. The results of a pilot survey conducted among the students enrolled for this programme are presented. Their responses reflect a positive attitude to the programme, especially concerning the interconnectedness of modules, the fostering of environmental awareness, and its usefulness for career objectives.
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    Need a university adopt a formal environmental management system?: Progress without an EMS at a small university (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 125-132 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: What system does a university need to optimise its progress to sustainability? Discusses the gradation of approaches possible for a university as it strives to improve its environmental performance. Argues that an environmental policy plus mechanisms for its implementation can be adequate, and endorsement of a single formal EMS need not be necessary. Illustrates this with progress at Lincoln University, the smallest public university in New Zealand. Lincoln University introduced its environmental policy in 1992, but its full implementation was delayed due to pressures on the tertiary sector in New Zealand. However, a new policy has now been adopted and an environmental task force established. Also briefly addresses the following topics: why have an environmental policy?; the establishment and content of the Lincoln University environmental policy; putting the policy into practice - an example based on waste reduction; and a discussion of the main obstacles to progress, in the current university climate.
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    Environmental certification at Mälardalen University (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 133-146 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: Aims to describe how the concept of sustainable development, with a focus on the ecological dimension, can be applied practically in an institution for higher education and research. The institution used as an example is Mälardalen University in Västerås, Sweden. Encompasses literature studies and conclusions from practical experience in implementing and maintaining the environmental management system at Mälardalen University. Begins with a review of the concept of sustainable development based on the report "Our common future", presented by the Commission on Environment and Development in 1987. Then briefly summarises "Agenda 21", the document from the Rio conference in 1992. Then describes the sector principle, which has been adopted in Sweden by its Riksdag (the Swedish parliament) and government. Then reviews European, regional, and national strategies for a sustainable development within the bounds of higher education and research, followed by a report of the University's work to translate these strategies into practice. The report describes the University's work to integrate the environmental management system within the bounds of training and research and daily operations.
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    Implementing the sustainable development policy at the University of British Columbia: An analysis of the implications for organisational learning (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 156-168 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: Rethinking our organisational learning processes is critical to society's transition to sustainability - a transition toward living respectfully with one another on a planet with finite resources. Presents the concept of sustainability as a central organising focus for higher education and draws on theories of organisational learning to help inform the transition. Specifically, the central case study focuses on the University of British Columbia (UBC), Canada's first university to adopt a sustainable development policy, and explores how well the policy is implemented in practice. Explores some of the barriers to effective implementation, and provides insights into why the University operates as a "knowledge institution" rather than a "learning institution". An embedded case study examines the learning experience of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at UBC based on the recent transformation of its core curriculum to incorporate sustainability principles.
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    Advances in education transformation towards sustainable development at the Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 251-266 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: This paper presents methodological and strategic results of the first two years of the implementation of the second environmental plan (2002-2005) at the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) and discusses the benefits and difficulties of new strategies adopted. Particularly, the focus is pointed to the introduction of environmental aspects into technical education, in the framework of an integral university approach that combines simultaneous actions in the areas of education, research, university life and communication in order to develop a consistent and synergetic model. The paper describes and discusses the strategies that have been adopted for accelerating the transformation of the university towards a sustainable university, which include: to create useful tools for decision making, particularly strategic planning indicators; to introduce environmental indicators into university mainstream processes; to assess the transformation potential through an environmental research map; and to work synergistically through "linking initiatives".
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    Programme review guidelines for quality assurance in higher education: A South African perspective (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 372-383 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: All educators should reflect on and assess the quality of their teaching and their learning programmes. Such reflection is the subject of this article. The focus is on higher education (HE) with particular emphasis on distance learning institutions. A particular educational programme is considered, namely a course-work Master's degree in environmental education at a South African distance learning university. Sustainable living is one of the envisaged outcomes of this programme. This article gives a general perspective on quality assurance in HE. The views of a number of authors are discussed, with special reference to HE in the cultural diversity of South Africa. Various approaches and factors that influence learning assessment are discussed. The theme of sustainability as integrated in HE programmes is emphasised as one of the criteria that should determine quality in education programmes. It is concluded that, although programme assessment is a difficult process and necessarily contextualised, it is an important tool for ensuring quality teaching and learning. Programme assessment is a form of critical self-evaluation that includes peer evaluation and evaluative input from students.
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    Students promoting economic development and environmental sustainability: An analysis of the impact of involvement in a community-based research and service-learning program (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 384-394 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: Community-based research has been suggested as a particularly effective form of service learning in college-community collaborations. This paper reviews findings from interviews with alumni/ae and community partners of an environmental and economic sustainability center at Allegheny College in Northwest Pennsylvania, the Center for Economic and Environmental Development (CEED). CEED's community-based research projects have spanned the natural and social sciences to analyze water quality, reduce waste streams and local energy consumption, identify environmental problems and enhance forest management. Interviews with alumni/ae point to the valued real world experience, enhanced cognitive development, and improved communication skills for students. Community partners valued new information and networks resulting from research and stressed the contribution they were making to college students' learning. Community-based research projects can benefit from interviewees' recommendations to increase continuity, clarity of purpose, and follow-through in projects, while maximizing opportunities for dialogue between community partners and students. Community-based research may have a strong contribution to make to students' cognitive, academic, social, civic and career development.
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    Interdisciplinary teaching: Analyzing consensus and conflict in environmental studies (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 395-403 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: This paper is a discussion of a team-taught interdisciplinary course that was designed to provide cohesion between the 12 departments that participate in the environmental studies major at Salisbury University. This course provides a model for addressing several positive and negative tendencies at work in interdisciplinary programs, and provides students with a first-hand experience in how multiple disciplines can work together to provide a more developed picture of a particular field or interest. This paper presents a discussion of the teaching experiences of faculty involved in the environmental studies course for two years. A framework for the development of such courses is included, as well as a discussion of the agreements and disagreements that can arise when students and faculty work within an interdisciplinary context.
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    Experiences from a student programme designed to examine the role of the accountant in corporate social responsibility (CSR) (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of sustainability in higher education 5 (2004), S. 404-416 
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    ISSN: 1467-6370
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Education
    Notes: This paper investigates how one course - a final year undergraduate module - has been developed and implemented to inform students about corporate social responsibility from an accounting perspective. It takes as its core the notion of accounting and accountability, and is delivered by accounting lecturers to business students following a range of business programmes. It has an interdisciplinary approach to allow a variety of topics to be addressed and to encourage students to read literature they would otherwise not come across. The course has been running for several years and has been amended as experiences - such as the need for assimilation of current topics and the development of a more critical approach to accounting - are assimilated, and as knowledge is built up. What follows is a study of the course, its content and approach, the barriers to developing an effective critique of the subject, and some thoughts on its further development.
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    Novel arylazopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives: synthesis, properties and dyeing characteristics (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 91-98 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Several new arylazopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives were obtained from 4-arylazo-3,5-diaminopyrazoles. The application and dyeing characteristics of the dyes synthesised were also reported.
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    Effects of the process of the incorporation of deltamethrin on slow release property of insecticidal paint (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 21-25 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Slow release insecticidal paint formulations had been prepared by incorporating deltamethrin, an additive to impart insecticidal property to the paint formulation. The effects of the mode of incorporation of deltamethrin on the retention of the insecticide in the paint matrix, on drying, had been studied. Deltamethrin had been introduced (1 per cent by wt) in the grind and let-down portions of the paint formulation. Extraction and high performance liquid chromatography studies of the insecticide had been carried out. It has been found that after drying, the paint samples contained a very high concentration of deltamethrin where the insecticide had been added in the grind portion instead of in the let-down portion of the paint formulation.
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    Molecular characterisation and corrosion studies of oligomer-transition metals complexes (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 15-20 
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    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Oligomer (semicarbaside-phethalic acid) and its complexes with Fe(III), Co(II) and UO2(II) chloride were prepared and characterised using elemental analysis, spectral (1H NMR, infrared and UV-Vis) and magnetic measurements. Extensive studies suggested that the Fe(III), Co(II), and UO2(II) oligomer complexes were octahedral dimers. Thermal analyses (thermal gravitational analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA)) of the complexes were carried out and the relevant activation energies were calculated. The effect of the oligomer on the corrosion of iron metal in acidic media (2?M H2SO4) was studied. It was found that the oligomer inhibited the corrosion of iron metal in acid media. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of these compounds was calculated based on weight loss and potentiostatic measurements.
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    Contents and digestibility of carbohydrates of ricebean and fababean as affected by simple inexpensive processing methods (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 13-16 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ricebean (RB-32) contained significantly (p 〈 0.05) higher amounts of total soluble (5.6g/100g) and non-reducing sugars (5.0g/100g) than fababean (VH-82-1). On the other hand, the contents of starch and reducing sugars were more in fababean (53.2g/100g; 608.7mg/100g) than those in ricebean (50.7g/100g; 547.3mg/100g). The starch digestibility (mg maltose released/g meal) of whole raw seeds and husk of ricebean and fababean was 30.8; 6.3 and 42.1; 6.3, respectively. Due to soaking, sprouting and dehulling, a significant (p 〈 0.05) improvement occurred in in vitro starch digestibility of both ricebean and fababean. Germination for 24 hours in ricebean and 48 hours in fababean was found to be the best as it could improve the starch digestibility to the extent of 100 to 90 per cent over the control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410516162
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  • 89
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    Efficacy of Zotrim: a herbal weight loss preparation (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 25-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A consumer survey was undertaken to test the efficacy of Zotrim, a herbal preparation commercially available as an over the counter weight loss aid. A total of 48 subjects completed a 28-day trial of Zotrim, taken in tablet form just prior to main meals. The results showed a self-assessed average weight loss of 2.3kg (0.6kg per week). Questionnaire data suggested that subjects ate less at meals and snacked less frequently. The overall findings supported an earlier placebo controlled clinical trial, and provided additional evidence that Zotrim delays gastric emptying and enhances feelings of fullness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410516199
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  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypoglycemia and faecal minerals in rats fed phytate (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 60-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this study, phytic acid was extracted from Jamaican sweet potato, which has been reported to contain a high phytic acid to zinc ratio and fed to Wistar rats for three weeks. Animals were then sacrificed and blood glucose, intestinal amylase activity and faecal minerals were determined. Blood glucose levels in all the groups fed phytic acid extract from sweet potato or commercial phytic acid were reduced compared to their controls. This lowering was more pronounced in the groups fed phytic acid extract from sweet potato or commercial phytic acid plus zinc supplement. Faecal zinc was significantly higher in the groups fed phytic acid extract from sweet potato compared to the controls in weeks 1 and 2. Supplementation of the diets with phytic acid extract from sweet potato or commercial phytic acid resulted in an increase in the faecal output of iron except for the group that was fed commercial phytic acid plus zinc. Overall, the supplementation of the rat diet with phytic acid extract from sweet potato resulted in a general increase in the output of these faecal minerals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410529014
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  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survey of the market diseases and aflatoxin contamination of tomato ( MILL) fruits in Sokoto, northwestern Nigeria (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 72-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A survey of the market diseases and aflatoxin contamination of tomato fruits was conducted in Sokoto in northwestern Nigeria in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Rotten tomato fruits sold at five different markets in Sokoto town, located at Central market, Kasuwar daji, Mabera, Minanata and Arkilla were heavily contaminated with moulds. Eight different fungi were found associated with the rotten tomato fruits sold in the five different markets. The associated fungi were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochraceous, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium citrinum and Helminthosporim fulvum, Curvularia lunata and Sclerotium rolfsii. A. flavus and A. niger have the highest rate of occurrence among the isolated fungi, while S. rolfsii was the least encountered. Pathogenicity tests revealed that of all the isolated fungi, A. ochraceous, A. flavus, Sclerotium rolfsii and P. citrinum were highly pathogenic with the first three leading to rapid disintegration of treated fruits in 3-5 days. A. niger was moderately pathogenic, while H. fulvum was least pathogenic on tomato fruits. Aflatoxins were detected from the sampled diseased-marketed tomato fruits and also from the marketed rotten tomato fruits after autoclaving for 15?minutes at 121°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410529032
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  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of home economics on the nutrition knowledge and food skills of Mauritian school adolescents (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 264-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In Mauritius, the school curriculum does not support the need to develop sound nutrition knowledge and food skills to combat the rising incidence of non-communicable diseases. This study looks at whether adolescents who had been taught Home Economics had better nutrition knowledge than children who had not. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from adolescents, Science teachers and Home Economics teachers, randomly selected from 12 co-educational secondary schools. It was found that the overall nutrition knowledge did not differ significantly. However, Home Economics teaching was associated with better food skills, especially among boys, and was found to be the main source of nutrition-related information. Opines that active learning methods and Home Economics should become compulsory in all secondary schools. This was the first study of its kind conducted in Mauritius. Findings would be of most value to teachers and policy-makers in the field of education.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410568327
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  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrient dense mixes for enteral feeding in India (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 34 (2004), S. 277-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this paper is to develop easily reconstitutable nutrient dense mixes using natural food ingredients for enteral feeding, in developing countries. Three mixes were prepared using various combinations of malted wheat, sorghum, finger millet, pearl millet, green gram, linseed and sesame seeds and/or whey proteins and analyzed for nutrient composition and selected quality parameters. It was found that when reconstituted as tube feeds they compared well with the guidelines given by the American Gastroenterological Association. The mixes were not analyzed for all the nutrients and not tested on patients. Opines that they would provide nutritional support at relatively lower cost compared with commercial formulations for varied clinical conditions. Simple indigenous technologies using natural ingredients were employed for formulating the mixes. These mixes would be beneficial for enteral feeding in developing countries in lieu of commercial formulations, which tend to be expensive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650410568354
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  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the rate of hardening of unsaturated polyesters by the measurement of the electric resistance (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Pigment & resin technology 33 (2004), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0369-9420
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a method for the determination of the kinetic parameters for the oxidation-reduction hardening reactions of unsaturated polyesters with styrene. The method was based on the measurement of the change in the specific internal electric resistance during the hardening. This paper discusses the accelerating effects of ferrocene and some of its derivatives (acetylferrocene, benzoylferrocene, 1,1'-diethylferrocene) on the hardening of unsaturated polyesters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03699420410512040
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  • 95
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    Defining Recycling (2004)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0952-8873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-374X
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Law
    Published by Oxford University Press
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    Journal of Environmental Law (2004)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0952-8873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-374X
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Law
    Published by Oxford University Press
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    Civil Liability for Environmental Damage: A Comparative Analysis of Law and Policy in European and the United States (2004)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0952-8873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-374X
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Law
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 98
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    Risk and Reason: Safety, Law and the Environment (2004)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0952-8873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-374X
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Law
    Published by Oxford University Press
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    Toxics and Transnational Law: International and European Regulation of Toxic Substances as Legal Symbolism (2004)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0952-8873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-374X
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Law
    Published by Oxford University Press
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    Casebook on EU Environmental Law (2004)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0952-8873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-374X
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Law
    Published by Oxford University Press
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