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  • 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • 2005-2009  (117)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Oggi internet è uno strumento indispensabile per la comunicazione, diminuisce le distanze, aumenta il flusso di informazione e ne permette la divulgazione in qualsiasi momento. Il mezzo più comune per realizzare questa comunicazione è per l'appunto il web o per meglio dire il World Wide Web, che tramite il linguaggio HTML (Hyper Text Mark-up Language), permette di visualizzare nei Browser dei nostri PC elementi multimediali. Il portale di sezione nasce dall'esigenza di aumentare la visibilità e dare dei servizi, con il quale i cittadini, le altre amministrazioni, i nostri colleghi stessi, possano apprendere informazioni e dati in tempo reale. La scelta di un prodotto tutto nostro nasce dall'idea convinta che l'applicazione creata sia ben dimensionata alle esigenze della sezione, senza appesantirla, ma nello stesso tempo dando la possibilità di arricchirla di elementi dinamici, moduli, che permettano la gestione di ogni parte del portale. Attenzione è stata data alle norme sull'accessibilità (W3C), e alla sicurezza tramite implementazione e configurazione di protocolli sicuri (HTTPS) e di messa in sicurezza del webserver Apache.
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sezione di Palermo
    Description: Published
    Description: 5.10. TTC - Sistema web
    Description: open
    Keywords: web ; portale ; realizzazione ; palermo ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this research, thexffect of the shape of hydrogenloaded palladium elements on exothennic reactions between gases is shown. It was found that an element with parts of its sulface next to each other spontaneously triggers reactions, whereas an element whose su$aces are not next to each other needs outside triggering. The heat developed makes the temperature of the elements rise even by a few hundredths of a degree centigrade. Through photographic techniques, it was shown that the elements, when releasing heat, emit radiation connected to nuclearfusion reactions. These reactions, confirmed also by the analysis of the used hydrogen, showed helium formation. All these tests have confirmed the reproducibility of the phenomenon.
    Description: Published
    Description: 227-237
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: cold fusion ; helium isotopes ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Three different methodologies were used to measure Radon (222Rn) in soil, based on both passive and active detection system. The first technique consisted of Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTD), CR-39 type, and allowed integrated measurements. The second one consisted of a portable device for short time measurements. The last consisted of a continuous measurement device for extended monitoring, placed in selected sites. Soil 222Rn activity was measured together with soil Thoron (220Rn) and soil carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux, and it was compared with the content of radionuclides in the rocks. Two different soil gas horizontal transects were investigated across the Pernicana fault system (NE flank of Mount Etna), from November 2006 to April 2007. The results obtained with the three methodologies are in a general agreement with each other and reflect the tectonic settings of the investigated study area. The lowest 222Rn values were recorded just on the fault plane, and relatively higher values were recorded a few tens of meters from the fault axis on both of its sides. This pattern could be explained as a dilution effect resulting from high rates of soil CO2 efflux. Time variations of 222Rn activity were mostly linked to atmospheric influences, whereas no significant correlation with the volcanic activity was observed. In order to further investigate regional radon distributions, spot measurements were made to identify sites having high Rn emissions that could subsequently be monitored for temporal radon variations.. SSNTD measurements allow for extended-duration monitoring of a relatively large number of sites, although with some loss of temporal resolution due to their long integration time. Continuous monitoring probes are optimal for detailed time monitoring, but because of their expense, they can best be used to complement the information acquired with SSNTD in a network of monitored sites..
    Description: Work founded by Istututo Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia and Dipartimento Protezione Civile, Italy
    Description: Published
    Description: 178-185
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Soil Radon and Thoron activity ; soil CO2 efflux ; Pernicana fault system ; volcano-tectonic monitoring ; Mount Etna ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.07. Radioactivity and isotopes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.08. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.01. Geochemical exploration ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.05. Downhole, radioactivity, remote sensing, and other methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: High definition magnetometric technique allows the correction of temporal magnetic field fluctuations, in order to reduce the temporal noise of the detected signal at the level of the instrumental sensitivity. At the sime time, the spatial location of the measurement points is carefully determined in order to build a precise gradient map showing the buried site. We applied this technique in two areas of archaeological interest: Isola di Coltano (Pisa) and Vada (Livorno).
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Paris
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: open
    Keywords: Magnetometric Survey ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The present paper discusses the stimulated emission, in strong coupling regime, of an atom embedded inside a one dimensional (1D) Photonic Band Gap (PBG) cavity which is pumped by two counter-propagating laser beams. Quantum electrodynamics is applied to model the atom-field interaction, by considering the atom as a two level system, the e.m. field as a superposition of normal modes, the coupling in dipole approximation, and the equations of motion in Wigner-Weisskopf and rotating wave approximations. In addition, the Quasi Normal Mode (QNM) approach for an open cavity is adopted, interpreting the local density of states (LDOS) as the local density of probability to excite one QNM of the cavity; and therefore rendering this LDOS dependent on the phase difference of the two laser beams. In this paper we demonstrate that the strong coupling regime occurs at high values of the LDOS. In accordance with the results of the literature, the emission probability of the atom decays with an oscillatory behaviour, so that the atomic emission spectrum exhibits two peaks (Rabi splitting). The novelty of this work is that the phase difference of the two laser beams can produce a coherent control of both the oscillations for the atomic emission probability and, as a consequence, of the Rabi splitting in the emission spectrum. Possible criteria to design active delay lines are finally discussed.
    Description: Published
    Description: 613-614
    Description: 5.9. Formazione e informazione
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Strong-field excitation of optical transitions in quantum systems; multiphoton processes; dynamic Stark shift ; Coherent control of atomic interactions with photons ; Photonic bandgap materials ; Optical communication systems, multiplexers, and demultiplexers ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: General coordination: Giuseppe Vilardo. Database GIS: Rosa Nappi, Eliana Bellucci Sessa, Giuseppe Vilardo. WEB GIS: Giovanni Bronzino.
    Description: The Seismotectonic Information System of the Sicily Region is oriented to the production ad dissemination of scientific and technical information for seismotectonic applications in this highly active geo-dynamics region. This work was initially supported by A.S.I.-A.R.S.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5.5. TTC - Sistema Informativo Territoriale
    Description: open
    Keywords: Sicilia ; Seismotectonics ; Seismicity ; Faults ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: web product
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Dual-use space technology poses a threat to the original peaceful mandate of scientific research, being de facto a proxy for future military confrontation in space. Following the example of the USA, the European Union and consortia of European nations are starting to flatten the barriers between military, commercial and scientific missions and programmes, under pressure from security issues and to protect their economic investments in space. While arguing against the militarization of the space environment, this article presents a summary of the potential benefits and drawbacks of the rise of dual use in the European scenario. It then discusses the Italian Cosmo-SkyMed mission as an example of Europe's move towards dual-use technology. Some suggestions are made for enforcing the peaceful use of outer space, such as maintaining free data availability and providing for greater public and scientific say in missions.
    Description: Published
    Description: 231-237
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Peaceful use of space ; Military space ; European space policy ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Uno degli obblighi previsti dal D.Lgs. 626/94, e non solo, è in-formare i lavoratori in materia di Sicurezza e Salute durante il lavoro. Questo obbligo può essere ottemperato consegnando opuscoli, manuali operativi, attraverso sessioni di formazione, ma ciò, come confermato anche da una sentenza di Cassazione del 1995, può non essere sufficiente per l’assolvimento del compito; infatti “la mera consegna di opuscoli non basta, ma deve essere accompagnata ad un’opera di sensibilizzazione ed ausilio sulla loro effettiva lettura e comprensione”. Restano evidenti le difficoltà del tipo organizzativo che possano essere di valido supporto per le iniziative di formazione previste dalla normativa vigente. Il Sistema di Gestione della Formazione (S.G.F.) al personale che viene proposto, è progettato e realizzato per essere disponibile sul sito intranet di Sezione, prevede il riconoscimento automatico dell’utente, ed è usufruibile contemporaneamente da più utenti dotati di un PC. Esso consente la registrazione di partecipazione a corsi di formazione, e l’avvenuta consegna del CD d’informazione, oltre la compilazione di questionari di verifica dell’apprendimento e l’inserimento di note. Il S.G.F. obbliga il lettore a ragionare, riflettere e pensare alle informazioni ricevute durante le sessioni di formazione. Gli elementi per la realizzazione del questionario software, sono archiviate in un database “MYSQL”, la cui visualizzazione, ed estrazione dati è realizzata mediante tecnologia “ASP”. Il S.G.F. consente all’utente ed al verificatore, in modo automatico, di valutare il livello di conoscenza (prima della formazione), e di apprendimento raggiunto (dopo la formazione). Durante la fase di verifica/test, il S.G.F. prevede la sottomissione di immagini, cartellonistica, ed altro, in merito a modalità operative corrette da utilizzare, e di prevenzione da infortuni o malattie professionali. Nella parte conclusiva del Questionario di Verifica dell’Apprendimento, è possibile inserire note, informazioni, segnalazioni di “quasi eventi” (near misses), che possono essere sottoposti ad esame ed analizzati in successive sessioni di formazione, finalizzando l’iniziativa pertanto anche alla verifica del grado di partecipazione del lavoratore coinvolgendolo quale soggetto attivo del processo di miglioramento della sicurezza e salute durante il lavoro.
    Description: Rapporti tecnici INGV
    Description: Published
    Description: 5.8. TTC - Formazione e informazione
    Description: open
    Keywords: Formazione ; Sicurezza ; Mysql ; Jscript ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In 1997, the telematic infrastructure of Italy was mature enough to allow for routine use of electronic mail and the Internet for the exchange and dissemination of data, information and news. For the first time after the 1980 Irpinia earthquake, on the occasion of the Umbria-Marche seismic sequence, seismological research centres found themselves experimenting with this new medium to communicate not only within the scientific community, but also outside of it, to the news agencies and to the general public. Global Internet archiving projects like the Wayback Machine and thorough policies of preservation and maintenance of web pages allow us to still access to the information that was published in those days. After ten years, the evolution of information and communication technologies has enormously increased the abilities to acquire and process data and disseminate information. Several web-applications are now available to be informed about a seismic event or to provide information. Nevertheless, technology is only one of the factors that enable information processes, and we have to take into consideration quality criteria and good practices that can improve accessibility of web contents.
    Description: Published
    Description: Roma, Italy
    Description: 5.9. TTC - Sistema web
    Description: open
    Keywords: Internet ; web ; Colfiorito ; 1997 ; Umbria Marche ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: During the recent "Geoitalia" national congress, the Italian scientific community tackled questions concerning the philosophy and sociology of Earth Sciences. The topics discussed and reported in this article were: the overall identity of E.S.; the validation procedures of data, theories and models; the power of attraction exerted by the philosophy of physics - exact science par excellence - with respect to E.S.
    Description: Published
    Description: Oslo (Norway)
    Description: 5.8. TTC - Formazione e informazione
    Description: open
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; geoethics ; philosophy of science ; didactics ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 11
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    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Il Web, con l'ausilio dei moderni mezzi tecnologici, costituisce uno strumento indispensabile ed affidabile per la diffusione delle informazioni. Grazie al rapido sviluppo di Internet e alla sua capillarità è oggi possibile offrire ad una vasta e varia utenza una molteplicità di servizi. Questo tipo di comunicazione rappresenta uno strumento indispensabile per mettere a disposizione del pubblico i dati derivanti dalle attività delle Pubbliche Amministrazioni. In questo contesto, il Centro di Monitoraggio dell'Osservatorio Vesuviano-INGV applica le tecnologie Web per diffondere le informazioni che riguardano l'attività di sorveglianza vulcanica che esso svolge (F. Giudicepierto et al., 2002). In particolare, per rispondere alla forte richiesta di informazione circa la sismicità e lo stato di attività dei vulcani dell'area campana, il Centro di Monitoraggio ha realizzato un'applet java, denominata EqViewer. Questa applicazione è progettata per visualizzare su mappa, in maniera semplice ed efficace, la sismicità di un'area a diverse scale. EqViewer prevede la possibilità di utilizzare una mappa relativa ad un'area vasta e due mappe di dettaglio relative ad aree che presentano una sismicità locale molto concentrata, come possono essere delle aree vulcaniche attive. Nel caso specifico è stata considerata la regione Campania come area vasta, in modo da mettere in risalto la distribuzione dei terremoti sull'intero territorio campano, e le aree vulcaniche del Vesuvio e dei Campi Flegrei come dettaglio, in quanto entrambe sono sede di una modesta sismicità locale. Gli obiettivi individuati in fase di progettazione sono garantire la correttezza scientifica dei dati, in modo che l'applicazione possa essere usata come strumento di 4 lavoro dalla comunità scientifica, e perseguire un criterio di semplicità nella rappresentazione dei dati stessi, per conferire massima accessibilità alle informazioni. Perciò i dati utilizzati sono stati ottenuti con procedure "standard" e validati dagli analisti del Laboratorio Sismico dell'Osservatorio Vesuviano. Per ottenere un'interfaccia di facile uso che favorisse l'accesso alle informazione anche da parte di un'utenza generica si è puntato su una grafica gradevole ed esplicativa, impiegando svariate immagini. Le componenti grafiche sono state tutte ottimizzate per evitare di appesantire la fase di loading dell'applicazione.
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Osservatorio Vesuviano
    Description: Published
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: open
    Keywords: java ; volcano seismicity ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Il sito web dell’Osservatorio Vesuviano (OV) nasce nel 1997. Lo scopo era quello di fornire informazioni sullo stato di attività dei vulcani della Campania, per i quali l’Osservatorio Vesuviano gestisce le reti strumentali di monitoraggio, nonché di far conoscere le attività scientifiche e i dati prodotti dall’ente. Nel 2002 il sito ha subito una sostanziale riorganizzazione, a seguito di una ristrutturazione dell’Osservatorio Vesuviano, che insieme ad altri istituzioni scientifiche affini era confluito, all’inizio del 2001, nell’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) diventandone la Sezione di Napoli. La nuova versione ha tenuto conto della più complessa articolazione delle attività dell’Osservatorio Vesuviano, che negli anni aveva visto aumentare il numero dei propri ricercatori e tecnici e aveva ulteriormente differenziato e specializzato le proprie attività. Inoltre la nuova strutturazione come sezione dell’INGV consentiva un’organizzazione in Unità Funzionali e Servizi. In occasione della realizzazione della seconda versione del sito è stata effettuata un’analisi sistematica dell’utenza basata prevalentemente sulla posta elettronica ricevuta all’indirizzo dedicato alle richieste di informazioni da parte del pubblico. Questo ha consentito di individuare diverse tipologie di utenza. In funzione delle crescenti richieste di informazioni è stato inoltre organizzato un gruppo per curare il servizio “info”, basato su richieste di informazione via mail, che ha dato modo di meglio delineare gli argomenti di maggior interesse da parte dei visitatori (Giudicepietro et al., 2006). Questa attività ha fatto nascere anche una sezione dedicata alle domande frequenti che, soprattutto nei periodi di maggior attenzione per le tematiche del rischio vulcanico, è risultata un utile supporto alla richiesta di informazioni da parte del pubblico. Negli ultimi anni in Italia, come in molti altri paesi del mondo, si è sviluppata una normativa in materia di web che ha dettato le linee guida per lo sviluppo dei siti delle Pubbliche Amministrazioni (Circolare Funzione Pubblica 13 marzo 2001, n. 3/2001 “Linee guida per l'organizzazione, l'usabilità e l'accessibilità dei siti web delle pubbliche amministrazioni”) nonché ha richiamato l’attenzione sull’accessibilità. La normativa italiana relativa all’accessibilità ha lo scopo principale di garantire la fruizione delle informazioni diffuse sul web e dei relativi servizi informatici anche alle persone disabili in ottemperanza al principio di uguaglianza ai sensi dell'articolo 3 della Costituzione. In particolare la Legge del 9 gennaio 2004 n. 4 (pubblicata in G.U. 13 del 17.01.2004) definisce l’accessibilità delle fonti di informazione e servizi informatici come “la capacità dei sistemi informatici, nelle forme e nei limiti consentiti dalle conoscenze tecnologiche, di erogare servizi e fornire informazioni fruibili, senza discriminazioni, anche da parte di coloro che a causa di disabilità necessitano di tecnologie assistive o configurazioni particolari”. Le tecnologie assistive sono definite nella stessa legge come “gli strumenti e le soluzioni tecniche, hardware e software, che permettono alla persona disabile, superando o riducendo le condizioni di svantaggio, di accedere alle informazioni e ai servizi erogati dai sistemi informatici”. Un esempio di tecnologia 4 assistiva può essere uno screen reader, ovvero un lettore di schermo, strumento utilizzato dai non vedenti per usare il computer. In attuazione della legge del 9 gennaio 2004 n. 4, il Decreto Ministeriale dell'8 luglio 2005 "Requisiti tecnici e i diversi livelli per l'accessibilità agli strumenti informatici", definisce 22 requisiti per l’accessibilità che i siti delle Pubbliche Amministrazioni devono soddisfare. La seconda versione del sito dell’Osservatorio Vesuviano non era conforme ai requisiti richiesti da questo decreto, pertanto si è resa necessaria una nuova ristrutturazione del sito che consentisse l’adeguamento alla normativa vigente (www.w3.org, www.governo.it, www.pubbliaccesso.it, www.cnipa.gov.it).
    Description: INGV - sezione di Napoli "Osservatorio Vesuviano"
    Description: Published
    Description: 5.9. TTC - Sistema web
    Description: open
    Keywords: Web ; accessibile ; Osservatorio ; Vesuviano ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: L'autoparco è un settore di vitale importanza per la sezione, è importante sempre tenere sotto controllo la disponibilità dei mezzi e gli spostamenti effettuati dagli stessi. A tale scopo nel sito intranet della Sezione, è stata aggiunta una sezione per la gestione delle auto, da cui è possibile effettuare la prenotazione o disdetta, annotare l’avvenuto prelievo, riconsegna e manutenzione ordinaria delle auto. Nella Home Page del sito, selezionando la finestra “AMM. & SERV. TECNICI” (Amministrazione e Servizi tecnici) è possibile, cliccando sulle apposite voci del menù , accedere alle seguenti pagine interne (vedi Figura 1): 1. Prenotazione e/o la disdetta di un autoveicolo. 2. Prelievo / riconsegna. 3. Manutenzione automezzi. La pagina dedicata alla prenotazione e/o disdetta di un’autovettura è accessibile da tutto il personale. La pagina dedicata alla gestione del prelievo di autovettura, della sua riconsegna e/o del prelievo immediato di un autovettura, è riservato alla sola Vigilanza. Infine la pagina per la manutenzione ordinaria del parco auto l’accesso è riservato soltanto al responsabile. Ogni dipendente potrà, autonomamente, prenotare solamente una delle macchine assegnate alla Unità Funzionale (UF) di appartenenza. Nel caso in cui fosse necessario prenotare un autoveicolo appartenente ad un’altra UF, occorre farlo prenotare da un dipendente ad essa afferente che conosce la programmazione delle attività e farsi inserire come “autista”.
    Description: Rapporti Tecnici INGV
    Description: Published
    Description: 5.9. TTC - Sistema web
    Description: open
    Keywords: Autoparco ; Mysql ; Jscript ; Auto ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Nell’ambito dei lavori per l’inaugurazione (dicembre 2008) della “Sede Irpinia” dell’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia ubicata a Grottaminarda (prov. di Avellino) è stato progettato e realizzato un percorso informativo sulle attività svolte dal 2004 fino ad oggi dal personale tecnico e ricercatore. Il progetto ha previsto la realizzazione di 10 pannelli illustrativi, stampati su supporti rigidi di dimensione 70x100 cm, esposti all’interno di piccoli stand/postazioni. Queste isole tematiche, attraverso l’esposizione di strumentazione, presentazioni e filmati multimediali, hanno mostrato ai visitatori i principali risultati dei Progetti CESIS e RESIS e i settori scientifici nei quali la Sede Irpinia, oggi, ricopre un ruolo fondamentale nelle attività dell’INGV. I Pannelli illustrano i risultati raggiunti nell’ambito dell’installazione e manutenzione delle stazioni della Rete Sismica Nazionale e della Rete Integrata Nazionale GPS (RING) interamente gestita a Grottaminarda; l’organizzazione della infrastruttura informatica (CED) e del Laboratorio di cartografia digitale e sistemi informativi geografici (LABGIS); le ricerche nell’ambito della sismologia, dell’ingegneria sismica e dei metodi di sismica attiva ad alta risoluzione; la sala di monitoraggio sismico che funge da disaster recovery della Sala Sismica di Roma e la struttura della Nuova Rete Sismica di Pronto Intervento. Inoltre, essendo la sede Irpinia ubicata in una delle zone maggiormente colpite dal terremoto del 23 novembre 1980, si è pensato anche di sviluppare questa tematica attraverso tre diversi pannelli che illustrano la sismicità della regione Campania, una ricostruzione storica dell’evento sismico e gli effetti geologici e geomorfologici riscontrati in superficie.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 5.8. TTC - Formazione e informazione
    Description: open
    Keywords: Sede Irpinia ; Grottaminarda ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Il sito web dell’Osservatorio Vesuviano (INGV), istituito nella seconda metà del 1997, ha acquisito nel maggio del 2002 la sua attuale fisionomia, a seguito di una sostanziale ristrutturazione. Allo scopo di verificare il gradimento e l’impatto che il sito ha presso il pubblico è stato installato un software di statistiche web e di monitoraggio degli accessi. La scelta del software è stata improntata a criteri di semplicità d’uso e di economicità. Dopo una ricerca tra i prodotti più diffusi è stato scelto il pacchetto Awstats versione 6.4 (http://awstats.sourceforge.net/) che consente di ottenere tutte le informazioni di interesse e risulta di facile implementazione. AWStats è un’ applicazione open source, distribuita sotto la GNU General Public License, che analizza i file di log prodotti da un web server presentando i dati in forma grafica di facile lettura. L’applicazione è sviluppata in perl e php e funziona con vari web server, quali Apache o IIS.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5.9. TTC - Sistema web
    Description: open
    Keywords: Statistiche ; Web ; Osservatorio ; Vesuviano ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Tephra fallout constitutes a serious threat to communities around active volcanoes. Reliable short-term 13 forecasts represent a valuable aid for scientists and civil authorities to mitigate the effects of fallout on the 14 surrounding areas during an episode of crisis. We present a platform-independent automatic procedure with Q1 15 the aim to daily forecast transport and deposition of volcanic particles. The procedure builds on a series of 16 programs and interfaces that automate the data flow and the execution and subsequent postprocess of fallout 17 models. Firstly, the procedure downloads regional meteorological forecasts for the area and time interval of 18 interest, filters and converts data from its native format, and runs the CALMET diagnostic model to obtain the 19 wind field and other micro-meteorological variables on a finer local-scale 3-D grid defined by the user. 20 Secondly, it assesses the distribution of mass along the eruptive column, commonly by means of the radial 21 averaged buoyant plume equations depending on the prognostic wind field and on the conditions at the vent 22 (granulometry, mass flow rate, etc). All these data serve as input for the fallout models. The initial version of 23 the procedure includes only two Eulerian models, HAZMAP and FALL3D, the latter available as serial and 24 parallel implementations. However, the procedure is designed to incorporate easily other models in a near 25 future with minor modifications on the model source code. The last step is to postprocess the outcomes of 26 models to obtain maps written in standard file formats. These maps contain plots of relevant quantities such 27 as predicted ground load, expected deposit thickness and, for the case of or 3-D models, concentration on air 28 or flight safety concentration thresholds
    Description: Published
    Description: 767-777
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Tephra fallout ; volcanoes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: INGV, SEZIONE DI CATANIA
    Description: Published
    Description: 2.6. TTC - Laboratorio di gravimetria, magnetismo ed elettromagnetismo in aree attive
    Description: open
    Keywords: Gravimetry ; Geomagnetism ; Lava flow simulation ; Modelling ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: L'Osservatorio Vesuviano ha di recente realizzato una radicale ristrutturazione del proprio sito Web, attivo dalla seconda metà del 1997, al fine di adeguarlo alla sua nuova configurazione giuridica. Infatti, dal 10 gennaio 2001 è entrato a far parte dell'Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), un ente nazionale di nuova formazione in cui sono confluiti i maggiori enti ed istituzioni di ricerca operanti nel campo della geofisica e della vulcanologia in Italia. Con la nascita dell'INGV si è posta un'esigenza di coordinamento tra i siti web di dette istituzioni, che si configurano attualmente come sezioni del nuovo ente nazionale. Inoltre, è sorta la necessità di creare delle pagine comuni, relative all'ente nella sua totalità, che introducessero i visitatori alle pagine delle singole sezioni ed eventualmente a specifici tematismi riguardanti le attività dell'ente. A tal fine, è stato istituito un gruppo di Coordinamento Nazionale per il Web che comprende personale afferente alle diverse sezioni. Parallelamente sono stati istituiti gruppi di lavoro locali per la ristrutturazione dei siti delle sezioni. Nell'ambito di questa riorganizzazione, presso l'Osservatorio Vesuviano, con Decreto Direttoriale N. 6, del 30 gennaio 2002, è stato istituito un gruppo di lavoro con il compito di curare la progettazione e lo sviluppo del nuovo sito web della sezione. Nello svolgimento di questa attività il gruppo di lavoro si è posto come obbiettivi prioritari l'usabilità e l'accessibilità del sito, in ottemperanza alle indicazioni espresse dalla più recente normativa apparsa in materia. Per perseguire a pieno questi obbiettivi e garantire la massima fruibilità delle informazioni è stata prevista, fin dalla fase progettuale, la realizzazione del sito anche in versione inglese, che attualmente è in allestimento. Il nuovo sito web dell'Osservatorio Vesuviano è stato messo in linea il 22 maggio 2002 ed è visitabile all'indirizzo http://www.ov.ingv.it. Nel seguito del presente rapporto sono introdotte sinteticamente le finalità istituzionali e le principali attività dell'Osservatorio Vesuviano e sono descritte le fasi di progettazione e sviluppo del sito, con particolare dettaglio sulla strutturazione dei contenuti, definita nell'ambito delle linee dettate dal decreto di istituzione del gruppo di lavoro, e sulle scelte tecnologiche adottate.
    Description: INGV - Osservatorio Vesuviano
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: open
    Keywords: web ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Project ‘‘Effects of the Upper Atmosphere on Terrestrial and Earth–Space Communications (EACOSs)’’ was inaugurated as a four-year 271 Action in the Telecommunications and Information Science and Technology domain of the EU COST (Co-operation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research) in October 2000. It followed two previous successful Actions COST 238 on PRIME (Prediction and Retrospective Ionospheric Modelling over Europe) and COST 251 on IITS (Improved Quality of Service in Ionospheric Telecommunication Systems Planning and Operation). The COST 271 Action (EACOS) has been oriented towards: (i) collection of new ionospheric and plasmaspheric data for now-casting and forecasting purposes, (ii) development of methods and algorithms to predict and to minimise the effects of plasmaspheric–ionospheric perturbations and variations on communications; (iii) perform studies that influence the technical development and the implementation of new communication services, particularly for the GNSS and other advanced Earth–space and satellite-to-satellite applications; and (iv) dissemination and correlation of results, ideas and information which will provide a valuable support to European research centres and industry. This paper reviews the main results achieved in the COST 271 Action concerning in particular a range of the ionospheric space weather issues, specifically: now-casting, forecasting and warning tools, methods and supporting databases for ionospheric propagation prediction; total electron content variations and their use in the reconstruction of plasmaspheric–ionospheric structures as a key parameter for navigation error in GNSS applications and effects of planetary and gravity waves and gradients of the electron density on terrestrial and satellite communications.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1223-1228
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Upper atmosphere ; Ionosphere ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: Fear and the need for reassurance - feelings as old as humankind – find cultural expression in countless visible ways: beliefs and behaviour patterns, rules and rituals, good and bad habits. However, there is also an invisible “non-way” to express them, by dismissing from the mind and forgetting as soon as possible whatever it was that made us afraid and needing reassurance. In the case of communities living in “earthquake country” this kind of reaction does seems a predictable, indeed almost an obligated one: how could people go on living in places that were repeatedly and tragically affected by seismic disasters, unless by getting used quickly to forget the worst of their past sufferings? But is the tendency to remove and forget an hereditary trait of humankind, or the results of specific stimuli (more likely to occur in some social environments than in others)? The traditional popular culture of Italy, as outlined by the preliminary results of a survey of collective rituals connected with earthquakes, appears to have been much keener on remembering past disasters than on removing their memory: so keen, in fact, that it still does preserve the memory of earthquakes that no seismic catalogue has recorded so far. The educational value and potential uses of this patrimony of shared memories are very interesting indeed.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Geneva, Switzerland, 3-8 September 2006
    Description: open
    Keywords: MAP ; earthquakes ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Description: Published
    Description: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: 1.9. TTC - Rete GPS nazionale
    Description: 2.1. TTC - Laboratorio per le reti informatiche, GRID e calcolo avanzato
    Description: 5.5. Attività di Sala Operativa
    Description: open
    Keywords: rete acquisizione ; rete gps ; RING ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Red Pompeian paintings, very famous for their deep intensity, are currently suffering from darkening. The origins of this darkening degradation are not clearly identified yet and remain a major issue for curators. In the specific case of cinnabar (HgS)-based red pigment, a photoinduced conversion into black metacinnabar is usually suspected. This work is focused on the blackening of red cinnabar paintings coated on a sparry calcite mortar. Different samples exhibiting different levels of degradation were selected upon visual observations and analyzed by synchrotron-based microanalytical techniques. Atomic and molecular compositions of the different debased regions revealed two possible degradation mechanisms. On one hand, micro X-ray fluorescence elemental maps show peculiar distributions of chlorine and sulfur. On the other hand, X-ray absorption spectroscopy performed at both Cl and S K-edges confirms the presence of characteristic degradation products: (i) Hg- Cl compounds (e.g., corderoite, calomel, and terlinguaite), which may result from the reaction with exogenous NaCl, in gray areas; (ii) gypsum, produced by the calcite sulfation, in black coatings. Metacinnabar is never detected. Finally, a cross section was analyzed to map the in-depth alteration gradient. Reduced and oxidized sulfur distributions reveal that the sulfated black coating consists of a 5-ím-thick layer covering intact cinnabar.
    Description: Published
    Description: 7484-7492
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Microspectroscopy Analysis ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 23
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    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Numerical simulations support the occurrence of a catastrophic tsunami impacting all of the eastern Mediterranean in early Holocene. The tsunami was triggered by a debris avalanche from Mt. Etna (Sicily, Italy) which entered the Ionian Sea in the order of minutes. Simulations show that the resulting tsunami waves were able to destabilize soft marine sediments across the Ionian Sea floor. This generated the well-known, sporadically located, ‘‘homogenite’’ deposits of the Ionian Sea, and the widespread megaturbidite deposits of the Ionian and Sirte Abyssal Plains. It is possible that, 8 ka B.P., the Neolithic village of Atlit-Yam (Israel) was abandoned because of impact by the same Etna tsunami. Two other Pleistocenic megaturbidite deposits of the Ionian Sea can be explained by previous sector collapses from the Etna area.
    Description: Published
    Description: L22608
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: tsunami ; collapses ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: INGV
    Description: Published
    Description: open
    Keywords: hazard ; risk ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: INGV
    Description: Published
    Description: 5.9. TTC - Sistema web
    Description: open
    Keywords: info ; sito web ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: In the framework of a small-scale drilling project at the Colli Albani volcanic district (Central Italy), a 350m deep borehole was drilled for 1) a better understanding of the shallow crust structure under the volcanic complex, which is considered now quiescent, by characterization of litho-stratigraphic units, 2) the definition of present-day stress field and 3) good seismic recordings in a urbanized area, by a broad-band seismometer installed at 200m depth. We describe the investigations carried out at the drill site, first results of laboratory analysis and other ongoing studies. We want to highlight the amount of data coming from a relatively small hole, the wide range of different disciplines involved in the studies that can be done and the general contribution to the volcano-tectonics, with final application to hazard evaluations. The borehole is located in an area of the volcanic complex where most of the seismic swarms occurred and where an uplift was recognized by geodetic investigations and satellite images analysis. In addition, gas concentrations (mainly CO2 and H2S) in the aquifers are high, local tectonics is peculiar and seems quite different from the regional trend. There is, however, still a lack of active stress data. The borehole was drilled wire-line with continuous coring and a very good core recovery in the volcanic units (tuffs and lavas) and in the underlying sedimentary basement of Plio-Pleistocene sands and clays. A detailed stratigraphic log was built, also thanks to biostratigraphic and petrographic analysis. A blow–out from the deeper sandy unit occurred while a hydraulic fracturing test was about to start and did not allow to continue the tests. Fluid and gas were sampled providing information about deep fluid flow and the likely connection to a deep-seated magma chamber. The following wire-line logs were performed: gamma-ray, resistivity, sonic, caliper, borehole televiewer (BHTV) and magnetic susceptibility. The data were compared with laboratory investigations (e.g. mechanical, magnetic analysis) to define the rock parameters, useful for a better comprehension of the different units behavior under different P and T conditions and their seismic response. Caliper and BHTV provided data that helps to interpret the main tectonic characters and the present-day stress field.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Havana, Cuba
    Description: open
    Keywords: scientific drilling ; down-hole logs ; structural analysis ; physical properties of rocks ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: L’intensa attività di ricerca tecnico-scientifica condotta negli ultimi anni riguardo ai dissesti che colpiscono il territorio napoletano ed alle loro cause ha prodotto una notevole mole di dati. Con essi, ed altri all’uopo acquisiti, è stato possibile produrre un prototipo di Sistema Informativo Geografico Integrato finalizzato allo studio dello stato di dissesto della città di Napoli. L’algoritmo su cui si fonda il modello GIS utilizza un modello sistemico, denominato RES (Rock Engineering Systems), che si basa sull’analisi delle interazioni tra i vari fattori in gioco. È stato, quindi, calcolato un Indice di Suscettibilità al dissesto, sulla base del quale sono state prodotte quattro carte della suscettibilità relative a versanti, muri di sostegno, rete fognaria e rete idrica. Il modello proposto potrà affinarsi sempre più, via via che sarà arricchita la base-dati, in maniera da aumentare l’affidabilità nelle aree in cui i dati sono al momento carenti.
    Description: Published
    Description: 209-231
    Description: open
    Keywords: NONE ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: www.earth-prints.org statistics: November 2006-April 2007. Distribution of downloads, top countries, monthly transfers, week averages, top downloaded authors.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Vienna
    Description: open
    Keywords: statistics ; open Access ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Abstract
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: www.earth-prints.org aims to satisfy the increasing demand of fast, up-to-date, easy-accessible, and free-of-charge sources of information in all branches of Geosciences. It allows earth scientists to deposit electronic documents into its collections and to index them by subjects and keywords. Earth-prints provides a time-stamp to all deposited materials to insure precedence rights to original ideas and scientific results. It deals with copyright issues through Creative Common standards that offer a wide variety of licenses. All deposited material is made immediately available to the public. Subscribers will be sent a daily newsletter according to the topics they have signed in.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Vienna
    Description: open
    Keywords: digital tool ; information ; open archive ; geosciences ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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    Type: Poster session
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: NONE
    Description: Published
    Description: 385,392
    Description: open
    Keywords: NONE ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: It is here described a study which deals with the analysis of landslide susceptibility related to the tuff slopes in Naples, Italy. This type of instability has an important role in the hydro-geological emergencies which affected the city both in historical times and in recent years. The developed GIS algorithm is based on a system model, named RES (Rock Engineering Systems – Hudson, 1992), which accounts for the interactions among the factors involved into the analysed system. Survey campaigns and in situ tests have been carried up to collect the data necessary to allow the characterization of rock masses using classification methods recognized by the International Society of Rock Mechanics. Finally, using the RES a landslide susceptibility index has been estimated for the tuff slopes, which allowed to create the related map. The work here illustrated is part of a larger framework which aim is to create an Integrated Geographic Information System to study the hydro-geological risk in Naples’ territory. This System, hopefully enriched with new thematic layers, while providing the basis for future researches in the field, can also provide local decision-makers and community planners with the scientific and technological support for decisions involving management of risks and urban development.
    Description: Submitted
    Description: open
    Keywords: NONE ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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    Type: manuscript
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: L'obiettivo di un progetto di educazione ambientale è modificare i comportamenti individuali e collettivi; tale obiettivo è ambizioso, ma non può essere eluso quando si affronta il tema dei rischi naturali e dei loro potenziali effetti distruttivi. La stessa distinzione epistemologica, ben chiara nella lingua inglese, fra hazard e risk, più incerta nella lingua italiana fra pericolo (o pericolosità) e rischio, include la consapevolezza che il rischio è determinato dall'azione umana. Educare al rischio significa promuovere la coscienza del rischio quale elemento della vita quotidiana: la conoscenza della vulnerabilità dell'ambiente fisico e costruito, acquisita facendone esperienza, è la chiave per promuovere comportamenti individuali e sociali positivi e ridurre il rischio.
    Description: ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI GEOFISICA E VULCANOLOGIA
    Description: Published
    Description: open
    Keywords: hazard ; risk, ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: La paura e il suo contraltare, la ricerca di rassicurazione e protezione, sono all’origine delle più svariate manifestazioni umane: riti, feste, interdetti, comportamenti pubblici e privati, molto insomma di quanto si riassume nell’espressione generica “le mentalità”1. Questo saggio è un primo abbozzo di storia delle risposte a una paura specifica: quella suscitata dai grandi terremoti del 1703, la maggior catastrofe sismica che abbia colpito l’Italia centrale in età moderna. Il suo scopo è cercare di capire se le risposte alla paura del 1703 siano rientrate nella norma di un contesto di modelli di comportamento consolidati nel tempo o se vi abbiano introdotto degli elementi di novità: come e quanto, insomma, i terremoti del 1703 abbiano influito sulla cultura popolare. Usiamo l’espressione “cultura popolare” in senso antropologico, intendendo per “cultura” l’insieme dei valori e modalità di giudizio, percezione ed espressione che dà forma e colore a un dato ambito sociale e dando all’aggettivo “popolare” l’accezione di “comune a una vasta maggioranza”. Siamo a un crocevia tra più discipline: il tema è dell’antropologia storica, i metodi sono storici e a far da sottofondo c’è una lunga consuetudine di lavoro nel campo della sismologia storica2, senza la quale questo saggio non sarebbe mai stato neanche pensato. Il soggetto è vasto, elevato il rischio di ripetere cose note ai lettori o magari ricordate in altri saggi presenti in questo volume: confidiamo nell’indulgenza dei lettori per un testo che in fondo vuole essere solo la messa a punto di una serie di problemi e spunti di ricerca, ciascuno meritevole di trattazione più estesa e approfondita di quanto non sia possibile entro i limiti di questo saggio e che proponiamo ai colleghi ricercatori come degno soggetto di un’indagine storica in larga misura ancora da fare.
    Description: Submitted
    Description: L’Aquila, 29-31 ottobre 2004
    Description: open
    Keywords: Earthquake ; 1703 ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: In questo lavoro è stata effettuata una dettagliata analisi della sismicità dell’Italia meridionale in particolare della zona comprendente l’Appennino lucano e l’avanfossa bradanica. Sono stati utilizzati i tempi d’arrivo delle fasi P e S di terremoti locali registrati dalla Rete Sismica Nazionale (RSNC), dalla rete temporanea SAPTEX (2001-2004) (Cimini et al., 2006), e dalla rete locale dell’Eni-Agip operante nella Val d’Agri, registrate nel periodo 2001-2006. In questo modo è stato creato un database costituito da 7570 fasi P e 4956 fasi S, associate a 514 eventi con magnitudo maggiore di 2.0. Lo studio realizzato consiste nel: 1) Calcolo del rapporto VP/VS utilizzando il metodo di Wadati modificato (Chatelain, 1978), ottenendo un valore di 1.83 (Fig.1) leggermente superiore a quello ottenuto da studi precedenti; 2) Analisi del profilo di velocità 1D che meglio approssima la struttura crostale dell’area studiata (Fig.2) utilizzando il codice VELEST (Kissling et al., 1995) e tre modelli iniziali ottenuti da studi precedenti (Chiarabba and Frepoli, 1997; Cassinis et al., 2003; Chiarabba at al., 2005; Frepoli et al., 2005). 3) Localizzazione ipocentrale, calcolo dei meccanismi focali e campo di stress. Le localizzazioni ipocentrali calcolate sono prevalentemente di qualità A(243) e B(59), così come definite dal programma HYPOELLIPSE (Lahr, 1989). Rispetto a quelle ottenute utilizzando i dati della sola rete RSNC, esse risultano avere profondità ipocentrali piú vincolate ed errori di localizzazione inferiori. Considerando la distribuzione della sismicità in Fig.3 si possono distinguere tre zone principali: una situata nella parte ovest della catena appenninica, caratterizzata soprattutto da eventi piú superficiali; una situata in corrispondenza dell’avanfossa bradanica caratterizzata da una sismicità sparsa e da eventi piú profondi; ed infine un gruppo di eventi sparsi localizzati nell’area della Sila, separati da quelli esistenti nella zona del monte Pollino da un evidente gap sismico. Seguendo la procedura di calcolo dei meccanismi focali, col metodo delle polarità dei primi arrivi, ne sono stati selezionati 69 in base ai due fattori di qualità definiti dal codice FPFIT (Reasenberg and Oppenheimer, 1985). Le soluzioni ottenute sono in gran parte normali e trascorrenti con gli assi T che descrivono una generalizzata estensione dell’Appennino lucano in direzione NE-SW. Per la determinazione del campo di stress regionale è stata utilizzata la tecnica di inversione elaborata da Gephart & Forsyth (1984). I risultati ottenuti sono coerenti con i precedenti studi nella stessa area.
    Description: Published
    Description: Università di Camerino
    Description: open
    Keywords: Lucanian Apennines ; Southern Italy ; seismicity ; 1D velocity model ; focal mechanism ; stress field ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2020-03-24
    Description: I manoscritti provengono dagli studi del Prof. Richelmo Sassara, studioso autodidatta di fenomeni naturali, tra i quali l'associazione fra i movimenti dei pianeti e i terremoti.
    Description: I forti terremoti, gli improvvisi gravi incidenti aerei, le onde anomale nei mari nonché altri fenomeni energetici, compresi quelli del tipo del cosiddetto “Triangolo delle Bermuda”, sono causati dalla tensione elastica sulla Terra sia dalla massa della luna che dalle masse dei pianeti, particolarmente nei periodi di tempo del loro allineamento con il Sole e la Terra. Di particolare intensità l’azione del pianeta Giove.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: open
    Keywords: Forze di Newton ; cause dei terremoti ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2023-01-20
    Description: www.earth-prints.org aims to satisfy the increasing demand of fast, up-to-date, easy-accessible, and free-of-charge sources of information in all branches of Geosciences. It allows earth scientists to deposit electronic documents into its collections and to index them by subjects and keywords. Earth-prints provides a time-stamp to all deposited materials to insure precedence rights to original ideas and scientific results. It deals with copyright issues through Creative Common standards that offer a wide variety of licenses. All deposited material is made immediately available to the public. Subscribers will be sent a daily newsletter according to the topics they have signed in.
    Description: Published
    Description: Rome
    Description: 5TM. Informazione ed editoria
    Description: open
    Keywords: Open Access ; Gesciences ; open archive ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2021-01-11
    Description: Covering Letter Dear editor of the journal, It’s my pleasure to submit my scientific contribution to be reviewed and published in the Journal of Annals of Geophysics; I would like also, to specify the Associate Editor Prof. Paulo Baldi to be responsible of the acceptance of my contribution. Best regards, Dr. Omar Al Bayari
    Description: Recently, there is an increased interest in studying and defining the Local and Regional Geoid Model worldwide, due to its importance in geodetic and geophysics applications. The use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is internationally growing, yet the lack of any Geoid Model for Jordan has limited the use of GPS for geodetic applications. Therefore, this work aims to present the preliminary results that we propose for The Gravimetric Jordanian Geoid Model (GeoJordan). The model is created using gravimetric data and the GravSoft program. The validation of this model is done by using GPS measurements and precise leveling at Amman area. However, a comparison between the Global Geopotential Models OSU91A and EGM96 showed great discrepancies through the presented results. Also, presenting the approach used to obtain the orthometric height from GPS ellipsoidal height measurements. Nevertheless, the error margin; obtained in this initial study of the GeoJordan after fitting the data with GPS/leveling measurement; is about (10cm), in tested area whereas the standard error of the created model is about (40cm).
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Gravimetric Jordanian Geoid Model (GeoJordan) ; Least Square Collocation (LSC) ; Global Geopotential Model (GGM) ; Global Positioning System (GPS) ; Undulation (N) ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Many examples of ideal cities in the Renaissance and post-Renaissance time were only dreams or utopian literature. Some of them were realised (also in times very near to us) by totalitarian seigniory. Today a proposal can be put forward of an ideal city expression of the ideals and practical needs of our modern democracy. An actual ideal city should fulfil to the needs of common welfare, of economic growth, of increase of culture, and to stem to the catastrophic natural phenomena like earthquakes that have produced – starting from the first ancient urban settlements – social involutions and extinctions. This contribution is a first try of a suggestion for a ideal/real city, in which the antiseismic engineering could become a link between the two cultures.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Rome, Italy
    Description: open
    Keywords: ideal/real city ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The Framework Programmes (FPs) have been the main financial tools through which the European Union supports research and development activities covering almost all scientific disciplines. The FP is proposed by the European Commission and adopted by Council and the European Parliament following a co-decision procedure. FPs have been implemented since 1984 and cover a period of five years with the last year of one FP and the first year of the following FP overlapping. The current FP is FP6, which will be running up to the end of 2006. It has been proposed for FP7, however, to run for seven years. It will be fully operational as of 1 January 2007 and will expire in 2013. It is designed to build on the achievements of its predecessor towards the creation of the European Research Area, and carry it further towards the development of the knowledge economy and society in Europe.
    Description: Sezione di Sismologia e Tettonofisica INGV Roma
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: INGV, sede di Roma Via di Vigna Murata, 605
    Description: open
    Keywords: Europe, Research, Development, Knowledge ; Earth Science, Seismology, Climate Change, Space and Planetary Science ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 40
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Società Italiana di Fisica
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The paper shows that is possible to violate the Bell Inequality with simple ondulatory models
    Description: Published
    Description: 16-18
    Description: open
    Keywords: Bell inequality, violation of Bell inequality ; Locality, measurement problems ; 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: All these contributions are focused on the Italian participation to the FP7 European Programme. Some contributions describe the FP7 structure and the specific programme “People”. The others are related to the role of Earth Sciences in FP7.
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: INGV, Rome
    Description: open
    Keywords: Europe, Research, Development, Knowledge ; Earth Science, Seismology, Climate Change, Space and Planetary Science ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Description: Published
    Description: open
    Keywords: OSCAR ; Arezzo ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The results obtained in Mt. Etna spectroradiometric field survey of June 2003 are presented and discussed. The goal of the survey was the analysis of the reflectance properties of the young pyroclastic deposits produced after the effusive activity of 2002-2003 and of the older lava flows. To achieve this goal, a template was created in order to organize the field data collected in a number of selected sites characterised by different surface materials. The results show that reflectance of pyroclastic flows is always very low and constant, besides grain size and composition of the flow. Pahoehoe units show higher reflectance values, even though the spectral characterisation of the older lava flows must take into account weathering products and vegetation coverage.
    Description: Published
    Description: 55-67
    Description: open
    Keywords: Remote Sensing, Mt. Etna ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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    Type: article
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: Earth-prints aims to satisfy the increasing demand of fast, up-to-date, easy-accessible, and free-of-charge sources of information in all branches of Geosciences. It allows earth scientists to deposit electronic documents into its collections and to index them by subjects and keywords. Earth-prints provides a time-stamp to all deposited materials to insure precedence rights to original ideas and scientific results. It deals with copyright issues through Creative Common standards that offer a wide variety of licenses. All deposited material is made immediately available to the public. Subscribers will be sent a daily newsletter according to the topics they have signed in. The archive has a three-level hierarchical structure. The top level includes Atmosphere, Cryosphere, Hydrosphere, Solid Earth, and General. It then branches into several disciplines within the other two levels. Different collections take in different kinds of material, such as pre-prints, oral presentations, extended abstracts, published papers, conference papers, books and book chapters, posters, and Web products and databases. Earth-Prints main language is English but it accepts documents in other languages also, giving visibility to data and studies at local scale that are indeed of general interests. An abstract in English is always required.
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Sede Apat, via Curtatone 3 , Roma
    Description: open
    Keywords: earth-prints ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: NO ABSTRACT The paper conclude that local causality and a theory with only state vectors of the first type are two rather different things
    Description: Published
    Description: 26-28
    Description: open
    Keywords: Bell inequality, state vectors ; locality, non-locality ; 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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    Type: article
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Earth Sciences disciplinary Open Archive Free accessible to researchers during the search, retrieval and the submission process Born in September 2005 from a collaboration between INGV and PNRA, is maintained by CILEA It is open to other institutions that develop research in earth sciences.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Rome, CNR, 8-12 May 2006
    Description: open
    Keywords: Geoscience ; Open Access ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 47
    facet.materialart.
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    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: open
    Keywords: Mediterranean ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: web product
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: GIS-based database of potential earthquake sources that were identified in key areas, such as the Provence, France, Po Plain, Italy, Outer Jura, Switzerland. The seismogenic source is defined as in Valensise and Pantosti (2001) following the scheme de-veloped in the framework of the EC project FAUST (Valensise et al., 2002).
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, (Rome, Italy)
    Description: Published
    Description: open
    Keywords: GIS ; 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: www.earth-prints.org aims to satisfy the increasing demand of fast, up-to-date, easy-accessible, and free-of-charge sources of information in all branches of Geosciences. It allows earth scientists to deposit electronic documents into its collections and to index them by subjects and keywords. Earth-prints provides a time-stamp to all deposited materials to insure precedence rights to original ideas and scientific results. It deals with copyright issues through Creative Common standards that offer a wide variety of licenses. All deposited material is made immediately available to the public. Subscribers will be sent a daily newsletter according to the topics they have signed in. The archive has a three-level hierarchical structure. The top level includes Atmosphere, Cryosphere, Hydrosphere, Solid Earth, and General. It then branches into several disciplines within the other two levels. Different collections take in different kinds of material, such as pre-prints, oral presentations, extended abstracts, published papers, conference papers, books and book chapters, posters, and Web products and databases. Earth-Prints main language is English but it accepts documents in other languages also, giving visibility to data and studies at local scale that are indeed of general interests. An abstract in English is always required. We will present a virtual tour into the many features of Earth-prints to provide all its potential users with an easy acquaintance of the system and make them explore its capabilities. Although the archive is based on latest information technology it requires no specific knowledge to be used because it manages all procedures for access, navigation, upload of documents and information retrieval through a user-friendly interface. What is the limit of open archive development? We think that the one and only limit of open archives is the eagerness of its users to share information and knowledge.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Vienna
    Description: open
    Keywords: Open Access ; Geosciences ; Earth-prints ; time-stamp ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We investigated the northern-central portion of Sicily region (southern Italy) using aerial photographs and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data obtained by ERS1 and ERS2 satellites. This area shows a geological-structural setting generated by the tectonic superposition of Apenninic-Maghrebian carbonatic structures on terrigenous deposits. Such a structural setting favoured the development of large-scale gravity driven phenomena (known in the geological literature as deep-seated gravitational slope deformations) that are mostly responsible for the landscape evolution of the whole area. Morphological evidences such as landslides, sacking or rock-flow, lateral spread and block slide can be detected from photogeological analysis. In order to understand the temporal behaviour and spatial distribution of such deformations we applied the interferometric SAR (InSAR) technique. Interferograms show fringe patterns spatially coinciding with some of the large-scale gravitative phenomena previously identified by means of aerialphoto analysis. The comparison between photogeological data and InSAR results allows delimiting the active sectors in the study area.
    Description: Published
    Description: 35-43
    Description: open
    Keywords: Synthetic Aperture Radar ; Sicily ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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    Type: article
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: www.earth-prints.org aims to satisfy the increasing demand of fast, up-to-date, easy-accessible, and free-of-charge sources of information in all branches of Geosciences. It allows earth scientists to deposit electronic documents into its collections and to index them by subjects and keywords. Earth-prints provides a time-stamp to all deposited materials to insure precedence rights to original ideas and scientific results. It deals with copyright issues through Creative Common standards that offer a wide variety of licenses. All deposited material is made immediately available to the public. Subscribers will be sent a daily newsletter according to the topics they have signed in. The archive has a three-level hierarchical structure. The top level includes Atmosphere, Cryosphere, Hydrosphere, Solid Earth, and General. It then branches into several disciplines within the other two levels. Different collections take in different kinds of material, such as pre-prints, oral presentations, extended abstracts, published papers, conference papers, books and book chapters, posters, and Web products and databases. Earth-Prints main language is English but it accepts documents in other languages also, giving visibility to data and studies at local scale that are indeed of general interests. An abstract in English is always required. We will present a virtual tour into the many features of Earth-prints to provide all its potential users with an easy acquaintance of the system and make them explore its capabilities. Although the archive is based on latest information technology it requires no specific knowledge to be used because it manages all procedures for access, navigation, upload of documents and information retrieval through a user-friendly interface. What is the limit of open archive development? We think that the one and only limit of open archives is the eagerness of its users to share information and knowledge.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Vienna, Austria
    Description: open
    Keywords: Geoscience ; Earth ; Open archive ; Open Access ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The seismic destruction of the first Minoan palace at Phaistos is preliminarily confirmed. The hypothesis is then proposed that a change in the relationships a~nongth e powers in the Messarh plain was also produced by the different capacity of the Phaistos centre to react to the 1700 B.C. seismic effects, as compared to that of Knossos. This trend is thought to have continued after the second earthquake of the middle(?) of the XVII century B.C., indirectly confirming Knossian leadership in the island's entire central region during the age of the second palaces.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic archaeology ; Crete ; Minoan civilization ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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    Type: article
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: To assess the suspended and dissolved matter in water in the visible and near infrared spectral regions it is necessary to estimate with adequate accuracy the water leaving radiance. Consequently radiance measured by a remote sensor has to be corrected from the atmospheric and the sea surface effects consisting in the path radiance and the sun and sky glitter radiance contributions. This paper describes the application of the sun glint correction scheme on to airborne hyperspectral MIVIS measurements acquired on the area of the Straits of Messina during the campaign in July 2000. In the Messina case study data have been corrected for the atmospheric effects and for the sun-glitter contribution evaluated following the method proposed by Cox and Munk (1954, 1956). Comparison between glitter contaminated and glitter free data has been made taking into account the radiance profiles relevant to selected scan lines and the spectra of different pixels belonging to the same scan line and located out and inside the sun glitter area. The results show that spectra after correction have the same profile as the contaminated ones, although, at this stage, free glint data have not yet been used in water constituent retrieval and consequently the reliability of such correction cannot be completely evaluated.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: MIVIS ; water leaving radiance ; sun glint ; path radiance ; probability density function ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Global data from 1979 to 1989 pertaining to volcanic earthquake swarms have been compiled into a custom-designed relational database. The database is composed of three sections: 1) a section containing general information on volcanoes, 2) a section containing earthquake swarm data (such as dates of swarm occurrence and durations), and 3) a section containing eruption information. The most abundant and reliable parameter, duration of volcanic earthquake swarms, was chosen for preliminary analysis. The distribution of all swarm durations was found to have a geometric mean of 5.5 days. Precursory swarms were then separated from those not associated with eruptions. The geometric mean precursory swarm duration was 8 days whereas the geometric mean duration of swarms not associated with eruptive activity was 3.5 days. Two groups of precursory swarms are apparent when duration is compared with the eruption repose time. Swarms with durations shorter than 4 months showed no clear relationship with the eruption repose time. However, the second group, lasting longer than 4 months, showed a significant positive correlation with the log10 of the eruption repose period. The two groups suggest that different suites of physical processes are involved in the generation of volcanic earthquake swarms.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: volcanic earthquake swarms ; data-base ; swarm duration ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Rome Province with its 4 million inhabitants is one of the Italians areas with the largest urban expansion, mainly concentrated around the capital city. The uncontrolled urbanization of the past has heavily marked the landscape, especially Rome countryside and coastline. However many zones have exceeded the anthropic pressurewithout serious consequence since the sensitivity towards environmental protection has grown in recent years. Rome Province Administration has devoted special attention to the improvement and protection of its naturalistic heritage by means of a series of administrative actions, cultural initiatives and projects for environmental education. In this perspective a three-year agreement was concluded with CNR LARA focused on the study of natural vegetation by means of MIVIS (Multispectral Infrared Visible Imaging Spectrometer) remotely sensed data. This study distinguished and mapped the most important natural forests, shrub and herbaceous formations, assessed the health conditions of the arboreal vegetation, identified the areas with little water supply, and measured some environmental parameters, like temperature and surface humidity. The results achieved highlight the large botanical and naturalistic assortment and the complexity of the study-area.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: airborne hyperspectral remote sensing ; environmental monitoring ; maximum likelihood vegetation mapping ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Earthquake ; ethnological souces ; Campania ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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    Type: article
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Byzantine churches ; repair and seismic strengthening ; shaking table testing of a church model ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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    Type: article
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: After the earthquake of 13th January 1915, the archaeologist Giacomo Boni (1859-1925), inspired by ancient building techniques. proposed the reconstruction of Marsica and the Middle Liri Valley with earthen dwellings. With the cooperation of the Italian Ministry of Agriculture, he organized an exhibition where he collected samples of vegetal trellises which were an essential support to implement these techniques. Furthermore, he rebuilt two huts on the Palatine (Orti Farnesiani): one rectangular, the other circular, inspired by terracotta urns which he himself had discovered a few years earlier exploring the famous ancient tombs in the Forum Romanum, near the temple of Antonino and Faustina, by the Via Sacra. Boni's unusual proposal was intended as an alternative to the plans put forward by seismic engineering which was developing in Italy at that time. This is a prime example of a clash between two different outlooks and cultures (humanism versus science) each of which claimed to offer solutions to attenuate the effect of earthquakes. We have so far been unable to establish whether any earthen dwellings were actually constructed in Marsica or the surroundings of Sora for the survivors of the earthquake of 13th January 1915. Unfortunately, only one of the many houses built with this technique. still existing in the Soran countryside can be dated (1924).
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: earthen contructions ; Middle liri Valley (Italy) ; antiseismic houses ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The research activity of the Ravello European Center for Cultural Heritage in seismic risk areas is part of the Council of Europe's Major Risks EUR-OPA agreement. The program aims to identify traditional antiseismic building techniques. with a view to subsequent revitalization, tapping know-how within the local community. This requires analysis of the techniques and methods that have developed over the years in local communities. The multidisciplinary research program set up for this purpose has adopted the archeological approach. thereby recognizing that physical and inaterial assets provide a key source of information.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: traditional housing stock ; prevention ; traditional antiseismic techniques ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Greece ; archaeoseismology ; seismic culture ; antiseismic construction techniques ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The present work aimed to outline the need to investigate different fields of research to interpret the structural behaviour of a monument as complex as the Colosseum. It is shown how defining the numerical models first. then refining them, followed by interpretation of results. is strictly linked with the inforination gathered from historical records and observation of the ~nonumenta s it is today. The study is confined to the area of the Valadier abutment. analysing its state and its seismic behaviour before and after the XIX century restoration using different ilumerical tools, from the elastic modal analysis to the non linear step by step time history direct integration. The procedure comparati\ely evaluates the reliability in the interpretation of the results and identifies future lines or research.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Historical records ; Roman Colosseum ; seismic behaviour ; numerical analysis ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The article describes how wooden floors have been used over the centuries as a means of ensuring greater building solidity to ensure against earthquakes or other events that threaten wall stability.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: antiseismic building techniques ; Italy ; wooden structures ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Most of the obelisks at Alisum (Tigray, Ethiopia) are lying in pieces on the ground, as the Aksumite obelisk now in Rome had been before its removal to Italy. Preliminary inspection of the alignment of the ~larious fallen members makes it possible to identify a prevailing orientation. The historical tradition is very vague as regards the toppling of the obelisks (or stelae). Reference is made to Yodit or Gudit, a Jewish queen of the South. who supposedly had the pngnn stelae knocked down in the 10th century A.D.: to Irnam Ah~nedib n Ibrahim a1 Ghazi a1 gi-in?. Amir of Harar. who supposedly ordered thein to be felled by cannon fire: and to earthquakes. Analysis carried out on a nuruber of highly significant cases makes it possible to assert that some of the great obelisks at Aksum collapsed as a result of earthquakes. At the same time, inadequate systems of anchorage and the mediocre mechanical qualities of the soil were certainly conducive to collapse through both natural causes (earthquakes and erosion of foundations) and deliberate demolition.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Ethiopia ; Aksum ; stelae ; obelisks ; earthquake ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Archaeological evidence of an earthquake in the second half of the 7th century A.D. on Crete is described and the 365 A.D. cruniversaln earthquake problem is resumed. Some general probleins regarding the study of seismic effects on archaeology in the Mediten-anean area are presented. A few imbalances are indicated due to the lack of an effective collaboration between technical experts and historians.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: archaeology ; earthquake ; Crete ; Libya ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Following the production of a series of three and Jurassic (Scalers, assistance of paleogeographical reconstructions for the Paleocene, Cretaceous 1995, 1998), a further reconstruction has been made here for the Triassic period, with the paleomagnetic data. The data provided by mutual fragment positions and paleomagnetic vectors, are best reconciled if the data are treated in an expanding Earth framework, and give credence to the view that this represents the real evolution of the Earth. ln particular a new solution of the case of indian paleoposition is given which could constitute the key to a reinterpretation of the Eurasia paleogeography throughout geological time. The main conclusion of this work is that the unambiguous choice between constant radius and increasing radius geodynamic frameworks (dr/dt = 15 mm/yr on average in this work) can be made on the basis of the possibility to define the paleoposition and kinematics of india from the Triassic to the Paleocene.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: expanding Earth ; global palaeogeography ; global gerodynamics ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The Intelligent Monitoring Systern (IMS) currently provides for joint processing of data from six arrays located in Northern and Central Europe. From experience with analyst review of events automatically defined by the IMS, we bave realized that the quality of the automatic event locations can be significantly improved if the event intervals are reprocessed with signal processing pararneters tuned to phases from events in the given region. The tuned processing parameters are obtained from off line analysis of events located in the region of interest. The primary goal of such intelligent post processing is to provide event definitions of a quality that minimizes the need for subsequent manual analysis. The first step in this post processing is to subdivide the arca to be monitored in order to identify sites of interest. Clearly, calibration will be the easiest and potential savings in manpower are the largest for areas of high, recurring seismicity. We bave identified 8 mining sites in Fennoscandia/NW Russia and noted that 65.6% of the events of ML 〉 2.0 in this region can be associated with one of these sites. This result is based on 1 year and a half of data. The second step is to refine the phase arrival and azimuth estimates using frequency filters and processing parameters that are tuned to the initial event location provided by the IMS. In this study, we have analyzed a set of 52 mining explosions from the Khibiny Massif mining area in the Kola peninsula of Russia. Very accurate locations of these events bave been provided by the seismologists from the Kola Regional Seismology Centre. Using an autoregressive likelihood technique we have been able to estimate onset times to an accuracy (standard deviation) of about 0.05 s for P phases and 0.15 0.20 s for S phases. Using fixed frequency bands, azimuth can be estimated to an accuracy (one standard deviation) of 0.9 degrees for the ARCESS array and 3 4 degrees for the small array recently established near Apatity on the Kola peninsula. The third step in the post processing is a relocation of the event, using refined arrivai times and recomputed azimuths from broad band flk analysis. By introducing region specific travel time corrections, a median error of 1.4 km from the reported location has been obtained. This should be compared to the median error of 10.8 km for the automatie IMS processing for these events. This improvement in location accuracy clearly demonstrates the usefulness of the intelligent post processing approach.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: seismology ; signal processing ; onset time ; event location ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: New methods of site-specific ground motion prediction in the time and frequency domains are presented. A large earthquake is simulated as a composite (linear combination) of observed small earthquakes (subevents) assuming Aki-Brune functional models of the source time functions (spectra). Source models incorporate basic scaling relations between source and spectral parameters. Ground motion predictions are consistent with the entire observed seismic spectrum from the lowest to the highest frequencies. These methods are designed to use all the available empirical Green’s functions (or any subset of observations) at a site. Thus a prediction is not biased by a single record, and different possible source-receiver paths are taken into account. Directivity is accounted for by adjusting the apparent source duration at each site. Our time-series prediction algorithm is based on determination of a non-uniform distribution of rupture times of subevents. By introducing a specific rupture velocity we avoid the major problem of deficiency of predictions around the main event's corner frequency. A novel notion of partial coherence allows us to sum subevents' amplitude spectra directly without using any information on their rupture times and phase histories. Predictions by this spectral method are not Jependent on details of rupture nucleation and propagation, location of asperities and other predominantly phase-affecting factors, responsible for uncertainties in time-domain simulations.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: strong motion ; composite earthquakes ; synthetics ; source spectra ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: new experimental approach to land analysis has recently been developed, based on the integration of information acquired on different scales; it enables the structure and the functionality of the vegetation in natural ecosystems to be analysed. This research aims at assessing the potentiality of the experimental approach by the integration of airborne and satellite remotely sensed data with ground measurements of structural parameters. In July 1999 a joint campaign for the acquisition of airborne (MIVIS, spatial resolution 3 m) and satellite remotely sensed data (Landsat 5TM, spatial resolution 30 m) and measures taken at ground (PAI), was deployed in the Presidential Estate at Castelporziano (Rome, Italy). The spectral signatures of the main vegetational types of the Estate were examined and the PAI were related to NDVI values, calculated by means of satellite and airborne images. The adopted approach enabled PAI maps to be produced. The linear relation between measured PAI and estimated PAI showed a higher coefficient of determination when the MIVIS data were used. The sensor high spectral resolution has moreover allowed to better describe the structural characteristics of the main plant typologies at Castelporziano Estate.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: MIVIS ; Landsat ; Plant Area Index (PAI) ; down-scaling ; Mediterranean vegetation ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) is making preparations for Canadian participation in GSETT 3 but will be unable to make a formal commitment until the necessary resources have been secured. As Canada is expected to provide at least four alpha stations, and a significant number of beta stations, the financial resources that will be needed are substantial, even though in many respccts the GSC is, with the recent modernization of the Yellowknife array and the ongoing installation of the Canadian National Seismograph Network (CNSN), well positioned to make a significant contribution to GSETT 3. The CNSN currently (October 1993) consists of 17 broad band stations and will grow to 23 and 33 such stations by December 1993 and December 1994 respectively. Some 40 50 short period stations will complete the network. Data from all sites are continuously telemetered in real time to network acquisition centres in Ottawa and Sidney, British Columbia, archived to optical disk, and kept on line in a 72 h ring buffer. Most of the broadband sites could serve as either alpha or beta stations once the necessary software for continuous data transfer, or on request provision, of data from the selected sites has been completed. This software wili be configured so that changes in station selection are easy to implement, and this will provide considerable flexibility to the GSETT 3 planning and operations working groups in selecting the optimum network. Backup stations can be designated in the case of station failures, and the network centre in British Columbia will serve, at least for beta stations, as a backup NDC to that in Ottawa. Data from. the Yellowknife array are collected in Yellowknife and forwarded in ten minute files to Ottawa, where processing is completed and the results archived. This arrangement would not meet the deadlines for receipt of alpha station data at the IDC and new hardware and software will be needed to forward the data more immediately from Yellowknife to Ottawa. Although the procedures and formats for both alpha and beta station data have not yet been agreed upon, or even discussed, by the GSE, it is apparent that new facilities will be re quired in Ottawa to multiplex and reformat data for transmission to the IDC. We anticipate that a dedicated 56 kbaud link will be needed between Ottawa. and Washington.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Canada ; seismograph network ; broad band ; array ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: A wideband HF simulator has been constructed that is based on a detailed physical model. It can generate an output giving a time realization of the HF wideband channel for any HF carrier frequency and bandwidth and for any given transmitter receiver path, time of day, month and year and for any solar activity/geomagnetic conditions. To accomplish this, a comprehensive solution has been obtained to the problem of HF wave propagation for the most general case of a 3D inhomogeneous ionosphere with time-varying electron density fluctuations. The solution is based on the complex phase method (Rytov s method), which has been extended to the case of an inhomogeneous medium and a point source of the field. Results of simulation obtained according to the technique developed have been presented, calculated for a single-hop path 1000 km long oriented to the south from St. Petersburg and including a horizontal electron density gradient present in the IRI model used as the basis of the ionosphere model. The fluctuations of the ionospheric electron density were characterized by an inverse power law anisotropic spatial spectrum. For this model, the random walk of the phasor at the receiver is determined and shown both for paths reflected in the E- and Fregions, being significantly larger for the latter. The oblique sounding ionogram is constructed and reveals three propagation modes: the E-mode and low and high angle F-mode paths. The time-varying field due to each of these paths is then summed at the receiving location enabling the calculation of the scattering function and also the time realization of the received signal shown as a function of both fast and slow time. This is performed both with and without the presence of the geomagnetic field; in the former case the splitting of the F2-mode into both e- and o-modes is seen. It is also shown how the scattering function can be obtained from the time realization of the channel in a way akin to experimental determination of the scattering function from channel measurements. Results from the simulations show the very significant effect of irregularities of even modest magnitude and the comparative effects due to background ionosphere dispersion and the fluctuating irregularities as well as geomagnetic mode splitting. Since the simulator is based on a physical model, it should be possible by comparison of experimental results and simulation to identify the correspondence between physical parameters (e.g., the variance and anisotropy of the electron density fluctuations, orientation of the propagation path to the magnetic meridian, bulk ionosphere motions) with observed channel parameters (e.g., Doppler spread and shift, time delay spread).
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.06. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: This paper reviews the history of the study of historical British earthquakes. The publication of compendia of British earthquakes goes back as early as the late 16th Century. A boost to the study of earthquakes in Britain was given in the mid 18th Century as a result of two events occurring in London in 1750 (analogous to the general increase in earthquakes in Europe five years later after the 1755 Lisbon earthquake). The 19th Century saw a number of significant studies, culminating in the work of Davison, whose book-length catalogue was published finally in 1924. After that appears a gap, until interest in the subject was renewed in the mid 1970s. The expansion of the U.K. nuclear programme in the 1980s led to a series of large-scale investigations of historical British earthquakes, all based almost completely on primary historical data and conducted to high standards. The catalogue published by BGS in 1994 is a synthesis of these studies, and presents a parametric catalogue in which historical earthquakes are assessed from intensity data points based on primary source material. Since 1994, revisions to parameters have been minor and new events discovered have been restricted to a few small events.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: historical earthquakes ; seismicity ; earthquake catalogues ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: In this work, some results of a GPR survey carried out in a 10000 m2 large archaeological site, located in Lecce (Italy) near to a necropolis dating from the Messapian to the Roman imperial age, are reported. After a preliminary survey, performed on the entire area along parallel 1 m spaced profiles using a 200 MHz and a 500 MHz antenna in single-fold continuous mode, some smaller areas were selected, where the survey was repeated decreasing the profile spacing down to 0.50 m for the lower frequency antenna and to 0.25 m for the higher one. For two selected zones (D and B) the processed data were visualized in 3D space not only by the standard time slice technique, but also by two recently proposed approaches, namely by iso-amplitude surfaces of the complex trace amplitude and by 3D projection of energy and envelope stacks. The immediacy in revealing the spatial positioning of highly reflecting bodies, such as the anomaly interpreted as an old refilled cistern in zone D, makes 3D visualization techniques very attractive in archaeological applications of GPR. Their sensitivity to the signal/noise ratio is, on the other hand, highlighted by the quite poor performance in zone B, where the only reliable result provided by all the techniques was the soil/bedrock reflection, whereas none of them could effectively enhance the visibility of weak dipping reflections noted on 2D sections and probably related to fractures or bedding planes in the calcarenitic basement. The performance of the various techniques in these two different situations allowed insights into their main advantages and drawbacks to be gained.
    Description: Published
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: ground-penetrating radar ; archaeological investigations ; visualization techniques ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: We present and test in detail with synthetic data a method which may be used to retrieve the parameters describing the induced polarization properties of media which fit the generally accepted frequency dependent formula of Cole and Cole (1941) (CC model). We use time domain data and rigorous formulae obtained from the exact solution of the problem found in a previous note (Caputo, 1996). The observed data considered here are the theoretical responses of the medium to box inputs of given duration in media defined with different parameters; however, as is usually done, only the discharge data are used (Patella 〉F2〈et al.〉F1〈, 1987). The curve at the beginning of the discharge is studied in some detail. The method is successful in identifying the parameters when the data fit the CC model; if the medium is not exactly of the CC type the method may also help identify how the medium departs from the CC model. The Laplace Transform of the discharge for a box type input data is also given.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: induced polarization ; Cole-Cole model ; constitutive equations ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The aim of this work was to test several geophysical methods for the identification and study of submerged prehistorical coastlines and archaeological sites. This research program was carried out in collaboration with the 〈〈Osservatorio Vesuviano〉〉 in the Gulf of Pozzuoli and dealt in particular with the bathymetric strips extending from - 5 m to - 50 m Within these strips we identified the coastline dating from the Rornan period. former beach boundaries associated with the vertical movements of the earth's surface caused by seismic-volcanic activity, and the variations in sea level following the climactic changes throughout the last 15000 years. The UNIBOOM system was used for this part of the programme, perinittiilg the identification of several coastlines and submerged beaches lying at different levels. The use of a modern Side Scan Sonar - for the morphological invesdgation of the sea bed - in a zone which had been the object of numerous archaeological surveys in the past, permitted previously unknown structures near the Lacuus Baianus to be identified. Other features worth pointing out include the operating speed of the system (15000 m'lfirst minute approx) and its observation capacity in cloudy waters compared to visible radiation, as well as its ability to penetrate thin layers of mud which generally impede direct underwater observation.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Gulf of Pozzuoli (Naples) ; marine archaeology ; marine prospections ; geophysical methods ; marine archaeological survey ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The difficult problem of distinguishing underground nuclear explosions from earthquakes at teleseismie distances was approached using short period seismic data from 6 stations in South and Central Finland. The events were nuclear tests mostly from the Semipalatinsk and Lop Nor test sites and earthquakes from adjacent areas. The magnitude range of the events was from 4.1 to 6.6. The features of the two classes of events were examined by computing spectral ratio, third moment of frequency (TMF) and complexity from P wave signals. The spectral discrimination parameters were extracted from spectra computed in 5 different ways in order to obtain all possible information even from weak events. The standard FFT spectra were computed from. raw data, after noise adaption and data adaption, from correlograms and using combinations of adaption and correlation: methods. This was done to employ not only the spectral differences of the events but also the temporal variation of energy and lack of it as a function of frequency. The optimum frequeney windows for spectral ratio and TMF were defined using stacked spectra of about 10 events from both classes. No single discriminant could classify all the events. Their performance varied significanfly for different stations, but on average the spectral discriminants had slightly higher discrimination capability than complexity. The distributions of all discriminants were studied and a group separation function was formed using an optimum set of discriminants. Instead of discriminant values their relative positions in the corresponding distributions of nuelear tests and earthquakes were used as inputs to the function. A weight for each discriminant was derived from the amount of overlap in the distributions of earthquakes and nuelear tests. All 75 events in the data set were correctly classified with the method. The testing was performed with a jack knife method to create an independent test data base
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: teleseismic discrimination ; nuclear explosion ; short-period data ; Central Asia ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The one-dimensional propagation of seismic waves with constant Q is shown to be governed by an evolution equation of fractional order in time, which interpolates the heat equation and the wave equation. The fundamental solutions for the Cauchy and Signalling problems are expressed in terms of entire functions (of Wright type) in the similarity variable and their behaviours turn out to be intermediate between those for the limiting cases of a perfectly viscous fluid and a perfectly elastic solid. In view of the small dissipation exhibited by the seismic pulses, the nearly elastic limit is considered. Furthermore, the fundamental solutions for the Cauchy and Signalling problems are shown to be related to stable probability distributions with an index of stability determined by the order of the fractional time derivative in the evolution equation.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Earth anelasticity ; quality factor ; wave propagation ; fractional derivatives ; stable probability distributions ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The scope of this note is to study a model of induced polarization which fits the usually accepted frequency dependent formula of Cole and Cole, but is more general and allows the time domain observations to retrieve the parameters describing the induced polarization phenomena of the medium. By introducing the memory mechanisms, represented by derivatives of fractional order, in the relation between the electric flux density and the electric field and considering the fractional order differential equation which follows, I solve it with mathematically rigorous and closed formulae and compute the responses to a step function, a box, a set of positive boxes and a set of alternating positive and negative boxes. I also introduce a method which retrieves the parameters describing the medium when comparing the theoretical curves with the observed ones. The responses to these signals also allow to estimate the temporary alteration of the medium when repeated positive (negative) signals are input; the response increases (decreases) in amplitude when the signals are all positive (negative), it decreases when the signals are alternatively positive and negative in agreement with the known attitude of the medium to induced polarization.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: constitutive equations ; induction ; polarisation ; alternations ; Cole-Cole model ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The UN Conference on Disarmament's Group of Scientific Experts (GSE) was established in 1976 to consider international co operative measures to detect and identify seismic events. Over the years, the GSE has developed and tested several concepts for an International Seismic Monitoring System (ISMS) for the purpose of assisting in the verification of a potential comprehensive test ban treaty. The GSE is now planning its third global technical test. (GSETT 3) in order to test new and revisled concepts for an ISMS. GSETT 3 wili be an unprecedented global effort to conduct an operationally realistic test of rapid collection, distribution and processing of seismie data. A global network of seismograph stations will provide data to an International Data Center, where the data will be processed an results made available to participants. The full scaIe phase of GSETT 3 is scheduled to begin in January 1995.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: seismology ; earthquakes ; nuclear explosion ; seismic network ; seismic monitoring ; nuclear test ban ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The spatial power spectrum of the geomagnetic field is usually assumed to be exponential in the spherical harmonic degree (n). An equally valid assumption, however, is that the spectrum at the surface of the Earth's core has a power-law dependence on n. Some implications of these two assumptions are discussed, noting that, in the first case, a value for the core radius can be derived from the slope of the spectrum and, in the second, that the spectrum for radii greater than the radius of the core is a mixture of the exponential and power-law types.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Geomagnetic field ; spatial power spectrum ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Since the theory of plate tectonics was first proposed thirty years ago, some problems have arisen in its practical application. These call into question its fundamental assumptions of horizontal plate motion, hotspot fixity, true polar wander, Panthalassa, and the Earth’s constant size while leaving seafloor spreading and subduction intact. A rapidity expanding earth solves these problems and privides an alternative viewpoint worth reconsidering.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: late tectonics ; earth expansion ; paleomagnetism ; rift valleys ; orogenic belts ; hotspots ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The problem of verifying compliance with a nuclear test ban treaty is mainly a technical one. However the problem of detecting, locating and identifying nuclear explosions has, since the late 1950s, been intimately involved with the political problems associated with negotiating a treaty. In fact there are few other areas in which policy, diplomacy and science have been so interwoven. This paper attempts to illustrate how technology can. be applied to solve some of the political problems which arise when considering the role of an On Site Inspection (OSI) to determine whether or not a nuclear explosion, in violation of a treaty, has occurred or not. It is hoped that the reader, with a scientific background, but with little or no experience of treaty negotiations, will gain an. insight as to how technical matters can interact with political requirements. The demands made on scientists to provide technical support for negotiating and rnonitoring compliance of a treaty have increased significanfly over the last 40 years. This is a period in which a number of major treaties have contained a significant technical component e.g. the Limited Test Ban Treaty (Threshold Treaty) and the Chemical Weapon Convention. This paper gives an indication of some of the political decisions which will have to be made and suggests some of the technical methods which are of value in the identification of a clandestine nuclear explosion.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: on-site inspection ; nuclear test ban ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: This report describes the implementation of a hyperspectral proximal sensing low-budget acquisition system and its application to the detection of terrestrian vegetation cover anomalies in sites of high environmental quality. Anomalies can be due to stress for lack of water and/or pollution phenomena and weed presence in agricultural fields. The hyperspectral cube (90-bands ranging from 450 to 900 nm) was acquired from the hill near Segni (RM), approximately 500 m far from the target, by means of electronically tunable filters and 8 bit CCD cameras. Spectral libraries were built using both endmember identification method and extraction of centroids of the clusters obtained from a k-means analysis of the image itself. Two classification methods were applied on the hyperspectral cube: Spectral Angle Mapper (hard) and Mixed Tuned Matching Filters (MTMF). Results show the good capability of the system in detecting areas with an arboreal, shrub or leafage cover, distinguishing between zones with different spectral response. Better results were obtained using spectral library originated by the k-means method. The detected anomalies not correlated to seasonal phenomena suggest a ground true analysis to identify their origin.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: hyperspectral proximal sensing ; unable filters ; vegetation classification ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.05. Downhole, radioactivity, remote sensing, and other methods ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: This work is aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of a methodology for retrieving bio-geophysical variables whilst at the same time fully accounting for additional information on directional anisotropy. A model-based approach has been developed to deconvolve the angular reflectance into single landcovers reflectances, attempting to solve the inconsistencies of 1D models and linear mixture approaches. The model combines the geometric optics of large scale canopy structure with principles of radiative transfer for volume scattering within individual crowns. The reliability of the model approach to retrieve LAI has been demonstrated using data from DAISEX- 99 campaign at Barrax, Spain. Airborne data include POLDER and HyMap data in which various field plots were observed under varying viewing/illumination angles. Nearly simultaneously, a comprehensive field data set was acquired on specific crop plots. The inversions provided accurate LAI values, revealing the model potential to combine spectral and directional information to increase the likely accuracy of the retrievals. In addition, the sensitivity of retrievals with the angular and spectral subset of observations was analysed, showing a high consistency between results. This study has contributed to assess the uncertainties with products derived from satellite data like SEVIRI/MSG.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: LAI ; inversion ; POLDER ; HyMap ; multi-angular ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.05. Downhole, radioactivity, remote sensing, and other methods ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Leaf litter decomposition is a key process for the functioning of natural ecosystems. An important limiting factor for this process is detritus availability, which we have estimated by remote sensed indices of canopy green biomass (NDVI). Here, we describe the use of multivariate geostatistical analysis to couple in situ measures with hyper-spectral and multi-spectral remote-sensed data for producing maps of litter decomposition. A direct relationship between the decomposition rates in four different CORINE habitats and NDVI, calculated at different scales from Landsat ETM+ multi-spectral data and MIVIS hyper-spectral data was found. Variogram analysis was used to evaluate the spatial properties of each single variable and their common interaction. Co-variogram and co-kriging analysis of the two variables turned out to be an effective approach for decomposition mapping from remote-sensed spatial explicit data.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: decomposition rates ; hyper-spectral image ; NDVI ; co-kriging ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: On November 3, 2002 a shallow submarine gas eruption occurred in an area of 2.3 km2 east of Panarea (Aeolian volcanic arc, Southern Thyrrenian Sea, Italy). The exhalative area, surrounded by the islets of Dattilo, Panarelli, Lisca Bianca, Bottaro and Lisca Nera, has been known since historical times for the hydrothermal activity related to the Panarea volcanic complex. Due to the exceptional characteristics of the phenomenon, different geological, geochemical, geophysical and studies were carried out in this still poorly known volcanic area. A particular effort was devoted to producing a high resolution bathymetric map that also aimed to estimate the amount and location of the active exhalative centers and their variations in space and time. Data were obtained by three RTK multibeam surveys performed between December 2002 and December 2003. Here we show and discuss the technical details of the bathymetric surveys, the bathymetric map at 0.5 m resolution, and the accurate location of the 606 main exhalative centres active during the 2002-2003 crisis. The bathymetric data and the maps show two prevailing principal NE-SW and NW-SE alignments that match the spatial distribution of the exhalation centres. The accurate positioning at submeter accuracy of the gas vents is useful in the monitoring activity and to study their temporal and spatial variability.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Panarea ; bathimetry ; DEM ; hydrotermal systems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.04. Hydrogeological data ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Many seismological observatories began to record and store seismic events in the early years of the twentieth century, contributing to the compilation of very valued databases of both phase pickings and waveforms. However, despite the availability of the instrumental data for some of the events of the last century, an instrumental location for these earthquakes is not always computed; moreover, when available, the macroseismic location is strongly preferred even if the number of points that have been used for it is low or the spatial distribution of the observations is not optimal or homogeneous. In this work I show how I computed an instrumental location for 19 events which occurred in the Garfagnana-Lunigiana region (Northern Tuscany, Italy) beginning from 1902. The location routine is based on a Joint Hypocentral Determination in which, starting from a group of master events, the systematic errors that may affect the data are summed up in the corrective factors complementing the velocity propagation model. All non-systematic errors are carefully checked and possibly discarded by going back to the original data, if necessary. The location is then performed using the classic approach of the inverse problem and solved iteratively. The obtained locations are then compared to those already available from other macroseismic studies with the aim to check the role to be attributed to the instrumental locations. The study shows that in most cases the locations match, in particular when considering the different significance of the location parameters, especially for the strongest events: the instrumental location provides the point where the rupture begins, while the macroseismic one is an estimate of the area where the earthquake possibly took place. This paper is not meant to discuss the importance and the necessity of macroseismic data; instead, the aim is to show that instrumental data can be used to obtain locations even for older seismic events, without any intention to define which location is better or more reliable.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: historical seismicity ; velocity propagation model ; Joint Hypocentral Determination ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The author, as an active witness, recalls what he has seen of the development of ionospheric physics during the last 50 years.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Ionosphere ; geophysics ; radio communications ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The length of the gravitational field lines/of the orthogonal trajectories of a family of gravity equipotential surfaces/of the plumbline between a terrestrial topographic point and a point on a reference equipotential surface like the geoid í also known as the orthometric height í plays a central role in Satellite Geodesy as well as in Physical Geodesy. As soon as we determine the geometry of the Earth pointwise by means of a satellite GPS (Global Positioning System: «global problem solver») we are left with the problem of converting ellipsoidal heights (geometric heights) into orthometric heights (physical heights). For the computation of the plumbline we derive its three differential equations of first order as well as the three geodesic equations of second order. The three differential equations of second order take the form of a Newton differential equation when we introduce the parameter time via the Marussi gauge on a conformally flat three-dimensional Riemann manifold and the generalized force field, the gradient of the superpotential, namely the modulus of gravity squared and taken half. In particular, we compute curvature and torsion of the plumbline and prove their functional relationship to the second and third derivatives of the gravity potential. For a spherically symmetric gravity field, curvature and torsion of the plumbline are zero, the plumbline is straight. Finally we derive the three Lagrangean as well as the six Hamiltonian differential equations of the plumbline, in particular in their star form with respect to Marussi gauge.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: field lines of gravity ; plumbline ; orthometric heights ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.08. Theory and Models ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The system of propagator equations for an elastic solid becomes singular as the shear modulus becomes vanishingly small. In computational applications there is severe loss of precision as the limit of zero shear modulus is approached. The use of perturbation theory to address the effect of very small shear modulus, using the fluid state as a basis, is unsatisfactory because certain phenomena, e.g., Rayleigh waves, cannot be represented. Two approximate methods are presented to account for the singular perturbation. Since most of the Earth is nearly neutrally stratified, in which case the motion is nearly irrotational, one can impose the irrotational constraint and obtain a modified and reduced system of propagator equations. This system does not have the singular perturbation. In the second method the transition zone between a fluid and a solid is represented as an infinitesimally thin, Massive, Elastic Interface (MEI). The boundary conditions across the MEI are dispersive and algebraic. The limit of zero shear modulus is non-singular.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: boundary conditions ; singular perturbation ; massive elastic interface ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Discretization of the wave operator for purposes of solving problems in the dynamics of crack growth numerically, introduces noncausality associated with the nonlinearity of the fracture criterion at the edge of the crack, i.e. with an imperfect formulation of the fracture criterion in the discretized case. The noncausality can be attributed to jumps from one inertial coordinate system to another as successive particles at the edge of a digitized crack are triggered into motion. It is shown that there is an equivalent explanation in terms of the incompatibility of the short-range edge conditions and the long-range correlations of slip on the crack in the discretized case. The noncausal effects can lead to supersonic crack growth, and in some cases to infinite crack growth velocities. A proposal for amelioration of the problem is offered.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: nonlinearity ; fracture ; noncausality ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: industries. In this paper we introduce the results from a remote sensing campaign performed in September 2001 at night time. For the first time nocturnal light pollution was measured at high spatial and spectral resolution using two airborne hyperspectral sensors, namely the Multispectral Infrared and Visible Imaging Spectrometer (MIVIS) and the Visible InfraRed Scanner (VIRS-200). These imagers, generally employed for day-time Earth remote sensing, were flown over the Tuscany coast (Italy) on board of a Casa 212/200 airplane from an altitude of 1.5-2.0 km. We describe the experimental activities which preceded the remote sensing campaign, the optimization of sensor configuration, and the images as far acquired. The obtained results point out the novelty of the performed measurements and highlight the need to employ advanced remote sensing techniques as a spectroscopic tool for light pollution monitoring.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: light pollution monitoring ; line emission ; hyperspectral remote sensing ; airborne imaging spectrometers ; data processing ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: This paper addresses the use of HySenS airborne hyperspectral data for environmental urban monitoring. It is known that hyperspectral data can help to characterize some of the relations between soil composition, vegetation characteristics, and natural/artificial materials in urbanized areas. During the project we collected DAIS and ROSIS data over the urban test area of Pavia, Northern Italy, though due to a late delivery of ROSIS data only DAIS data was used in this work. Here we show results referring to an accurate characterization and classification of land cover/use, using different supervised approaches, exploiting spectral as well as spatial information. We demonstrate the possibility to extract from the hyperspectral data information which is very useful for environmental characterization of urban areas.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: hyperspectral remote sensing ; urban land use ; vegetation distribution ; classification ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Building techniques from the Roman Age using earth, stone and wood are frequently found in North Italy in town centres and in high-class residential buildings, as in smaller centres or n~ravl illages. In Italy, a study of building techniques has begun only very recently and little is known about the response of these techniques to seismic events. This paper deals with a fortified alpine settlement, located in a highly seismic area, whose buildings were constructed with the Roman techniques and may in two subsequent stages have been destroyed by earthquakes. The archaeological evidence is, however, ambiguous: we have no knowledge of the state of repair of the buildings at the time of collapse, and the stratigraphy has been upset by subsequent reworking for the purpose of recovering the building materials.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Friuli ; seismic archaeological evidence ; Roman building techniques ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: A review of a research program developed in the last fen years into the dynamics of large block structure is presented. The many aspects which characterize the structural behaviour and determine the complexity of the consequent dynamics are briefly discussed. The preliminary mechanical models and first results obtained are also analyzed; they allow to define the direction of the main object of the research in progress.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Earthquake ; ancien monumental structures ; non linear dynamics ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Northeastern Bulgaria ; macroseismic effect ; seismic archaeology ; Hellenistic age ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Bulgaria ; paleoseismicity ; archaeology ; geomorphology ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Cyrene (Libya) ; earthquake ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: A crucial problenl for seismic archeology is how to recognize seismic effects and how to date them. On an experimental basis. we proposed that the problem be reversed, and that we begin at the other end: i.e. by analyzing already known seismic effects on ancient structures, testified by written sources. to be able to .calibrate〉〉 the types or possible observations and any subsequent elaborations. The choice of the walls of Noto was suggested by the fact that Noto was abandoned following the earthquake of l693 (I,= XI MCS. Me 7.5) which had already been studied in depth as part of an ING research programme (1988-92). Moreover, just after recent research, this event proved to be reconstructed with a high quality standard. Photogrammetric measurements were made on several parts of the town walls to plot a numerical model aimed at ascertaining specific aspects of the earthquake damage. An estimate of the ground acceleration during the earthquake has been attempted via non-linear finite-element analyses of a building located by the main city gate. The analyses show that. in order to obtain the building vault collapse, a ground acceleration of 0.5 to 0.7 g had to be reached during the earthquake. This result, typical of a strong earthquake such as the one of 1693, proves that an approach based on finite element analysis and a sound engineering judgment Inay be systematically applied to historical earthquake sites to obtain some estimates of ground acceleration in historical earthquakes. On the whole, this work aimed at starting up the second development phase of the great event of 1693 of which the macroseismic erfects are known. In the meantime, some possibilities of tackling structural analyses in seismic archaeology are being explored.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Historical seismology ; seismic archaeological ; Noto (Sicily) ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 100
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    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The physics of the Earth and the planets itself limits the knowledge that can be obtained of it. Two principle limitations are set in inverse problems and by chaotic dynamics; examples of each are given in this essay and some implications are discussed.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: inverse theory ; chaos ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
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