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  • Salinity  (11)
  • Atmosphere-ocean system
  • Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador  (8)
  • American Meteorological Society  (2)
  • National Institute of Oceanograhy and Fisheries (NIOF)  (1)
  • Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research  (1)
  • Springer Nature
  • 2005-2009  (12)
  • 1975-1979
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this paper results from the application of an ocean data assimilation (ODA) system, combining a multivariate reduced-order optimal interpolator (OI) scheme with a global ocean general circulation model (OGCM), are described. The present ODA system, designed to assimilate in situ temperature and salinity observations, has been used to produce ocean reanalyses for the 1962–2001 period. The impact of assimilating observed hydrographic data on the ocean mean state and temporal variability is evaluated. A special focus of this work is on the ODA system skill in reproducing a realistic ocean salinity state. Results from a hierarchy of different salinity reanalyses, using varying combinations of assimilated data and background error covariance structures, are described. The impact of the space and time resolution of the background error covariance parameterization on salinity is addressed.
    Description: This work has been funded by the ENACT Project (Contract EVK2-CT2001-00117) for A. Bellucci and P. Di Pietro, and partially by the ENSEMBLES Project (Contract GOCE-CT-2003-505539) for A. Bellucci.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3785-3807
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: ocean modelling ; data assimilation ; reanalysis ; upper ocean variability ; temperature ; Salinity ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Durante la séptima expedición Ecuatoriana a la Antártida (diciembre, 1997 y Marzo, 1998), a bordo del B/I ORION, se realizó investigación oceanográfica en el trayecto Guayaquil-Valparaíso, los días 11 al 19 de diciembre, se colectaron muestras de agua en 14 estaciones para el análisis de nutrientes, oxígeno, temperatura, salinidad, y parámetros biológicos además se recolectó información meteorológica. La información química obtenida de nutriente (Nitrato, silicato y fosfato) y oxígeno disuelto fue relacionada con la temperatura y correlacionada con los diagramas T/S en el ámbito de estudio. Se elaboraron gráficos de nutriente y oxígeno con las masas de agua, estableciendo rangos asociados a cada masa de agua previamente identificada en los diagramas T/S. Estas masas de agua fueron fueron: Superficial (Aguas Tropicales Superficiales- ATS, Aguas Subtropicales Superficiales-ASS y Aguas Costera Peruana-ACP) y subsuperficiales (Agua Subantártica-ASA, Agua Ecuatorial Subsuperficial-AESS y Agua Antártica Intermedia-AAI). El estudio permite determinar que: las aguas subtropicales superficiales, caracterizada por valores altos de nutrientes y oxígeno, experimenta valores bajos asociados probablemente al debilitamiento de los afloramientos frente a las costas peruanas. Las aguas tropicales superficiales encontradas en el área de estudio mostraron valores inusualmente altos de nutrientes que evidencian influencia de río y escorrentías provocadas por los excesos de precipitaciones en la faja costera, más definida aún en las inmediaciones del área del Golfo de Guayaquil. Las Aguas costeras peruanas mostraron un descenso en los valores de nutriente que estarían relacionados con el debilitamiento de los afloramientos de esta región como consecuencia del evento ENSO de características muy fuerte como el presente y por la intrusión de aguas provenientes del Pacífico Central. La base de la oxiclína y nutriclína en el área de estudio se profundizaron respecto a sus valores normales en respuesta probablemente a la intrusión de aguas cálidas del Pacífico Central. Por debajo de los 175 metros, la distribución de los parámetros químicos no experimentó con el evento ENSO 1997-1998 variabilidad significativa. Los parámetros químicos más apropiados para identificar este tipo de masa de agua en la región de estudio fueron el nitrato, silicato y el oxígeno disuelto.
    Description: During the seventh Antarctic Ecuadorian Expedition from december 10, 1997 to March 20, 1998, aboard of B/I ORION, oceanographic investigation was carried out along track Guayaquil- Valparaíso, between December 11th to 19th. Water samples from 14 stations for the analysis of nutrients, oxygen, temperature, salinity, biological parameters and meteorological data were gotten. The chemical information obtained from nutrients (Nitrate, silicate and fosfate) and dissolved oxygen were related with the temperature and co-related wich T/S diagrams in the research area. Nutrient and oxygen graphics with water masses were elaborated, establishing associated ranges for each water mass. those waters were: Surface (Tropical Surface water - TSW, Subtropical surface Water -SSW and Perú Coastal water -PCW) and Subsurface (Subantarctic Water -SAW, Ecuatorial Subsurface Water-ESSW and Antarctic Intermediate Water-AIW). This work determines that subtropical surface water characterized by high concentration of nutrients and oxygen, presents low concentrations, probably associated with decreased upwelling of peruvian regions. The Tropical Surface water found in the research area showed inusual high concentrations of nutrients, presenting river influence and scorrentias due to the precipitations in the coast, more definited in the inmediations of the Gulf of Guayaquil. The Peru Coastal Water showed decreased nutrient concentrations, that may be related with the decreased upwelling in this region as a result of the Niño Soudth Oscollation (ENSO), of strong characteristics as the present one. The base of the oxycline and nutricline were deeper than the normal values as result of the presence of warm waters from the Central Pacific. Under 175 meters, the distribution of chemical parameters didn't show variability with the ENSO event 1997-1998. The chemical parameter to identify this kind of water masses in the research region were nitrate, silicate and disolved oxygen.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs., ilus., tbls.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Water temperature ; Dissolved oxygen ; Chemical oceanography ; Salinity ; Meteorological data ; Chemical oceanography ; Water masses ; El Nino phenomena ; Nutrients (mineral) ; T/S diagrams ; Water temperature ; Salinity ; Meteorological data ; Dissolved oxygen ; Cruises
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Las variaciones hidroquímicas (oxígeno disuelto, nitrato, fosfato y silicato) fueron estudiadas durante 12 horas con intervalos de aproximadamente 3 horas en una estación fija situada frente al Golfo de Guayaquil entre las coordenadas 02° 59' 42 S-81° 40' 92 W. La máxima profundidad en la que se efectuó dicho análisis fue hasta los 50 metros. Se ha detectado una posible relación entre las variaciones verticales (Ondas Internas) y los parámetros físico-químicos, ya que las fluctuaciones de ascensos y descensos fueron observadas en las concentraciones de oxígeno y nutrientes, siendo las ondas internas un factor preponderante en los movimientos verticales de éstos. Estas fluctuaciones también fueron encontradas en el comportamiento de la temperatura, salinidad y densidad en función de tiempo y profundidad. En forma general se observó que los mayores valores de nutrientes fueron encontrados en condiciones de luz, no así el oxígeno cuyas mayores concentraciones se ubicaron en la noche. Además se evidenció en el área externa del Golfo de Guayaquil la influencia de la Corriente de Humboldt que para ésta época se intensifica, presentando rangos físicos-químicos característicos.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs., tbls.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Chemical oceanography ; Temperature ; Salinity ; Chemical oceanography ; Temperature ; Salinity ; Vertical distribution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 4
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: El presente trabajo se orienta para conocer la calidad actual de las aguas costeras insulares de cinco Bahías del Archipiélago: Naufragio, Academia, Darwin, Puerto Velasco Ibarra y Puerto Villamil.
    Description: The evaluation of the obtained results about a water quality study performed on five bays of Galapagos Islands, Naufragio Bay (San Cristóbal Island), Academia Bay (Santa Cruz island), Velasco Ibarra Port (Santa María island), General Villamil Port ( Santa Isabela Island) and Darwin Bay (Genovesa island), during September and October, 1999; considering the behavior and distribution of different parameters on surface and ten meters depth waters is presented. The obtained results show the presence of relatively cold waters uniformly distributed on the research area, on surface and ten meters depth waters; except on Darwin bay where the temperature raised up to 23°C. Salinity shows 35UPS as a maximun value on Naufragio Bay and lower values on Santa María island, Isabela island,and Darwin Bay, with values between 34 and 34.7 UPS; while on Academia Bay, the lowest value (32.5 UPS), was detected. These lower values were probably due to the rain experimented at the sampling time. Well oxigenated surface waters were detected, with values between 4.0 and 5.5 ml/l with the maximum concentration on the Isabela Island area. The inorganic nutrients (fosfate, silicate, nitrate and nitrite), showed characteristic values of the season and the studied area, with values between (0.05-0.26, 4.0 - 17, 2.0 - 23 and 0.2 - 1.4 ug-at/l), respectively. The highest concentrations were observed on ten meters depth and near the coast waters, while the lower values were detected far from the coastal waters. Low concentrations of dissolved and dispersed oil hydrocarbons 1.14 - 2.43 ug/l u. Crisene), with a maximum located on Academia Bay, were detected. It's important to point out that the detected concentrations are under permissible levels for free contamination waters and for marine life. About microbiological research, the higher concentrations of both, total and fecal coliforms (240 - 15 NMP/100ml, at Las Ninfas area (Academia bay), followed by Naufragio bay (16 - 8.8 NMP/100ml) were detected, while the lower concentrations (2 - 5 NMP/100ml) on Santa María Island, Isabela Island and Darwin Bay, were observed.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl.,grafs., tbls.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Water quality ; Chemical composition ; Water temperature ; Salinity ; Coastal waters ; Water quality ; Chemical composition ; Salinity ; Water temperature ; Coastal waters ; Oceanic islands
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 5
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: El presente trabajo es el resultado del estudio cuali-cuantitativo de análisis de plancton colectado mediante muestreos mensuales en aguas superficiales costeras en una estación fija en La Libertad (Salinas) entre diciembre 1988 y diciembre 1989. Se dan a conocer 29 grupos de organismos del zooplancton, determinándose que los dominantes en orden decreciente fueron: larvas de eufáusidos, quetognatos, apendicularios, larvas de decápodos, huevos de peces, foraminíferos, cladóceros, huevos de decápodos y los más frecuentes: copépodos, apendicularios, quetognatos, larvas de decápodos y huevos de peces. Se presentan las especies más abundantes y dominantes de copépodos en orden decreciente: Acartia levequei, Centropages furcatus y Temora discaudata. Se determina que el zooplancton fue poco homogéneo durante el período de estudio en esta localidad, registrándose bajas concentraciones en los primeros meses del año (época de invierno), altas concentraciones en el mes de mayo y medianas concentraciones a partir de junio en adelante. Se presentan valores superficiales de temperatura y salinidad. La temperatura superficial del mar (TSM) más alta se observó en marzo 1989 con 28°C y la más baja en julio 1989 con 21.5°C.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Plankton ; Zooplankton ; Salinity ; Temperature ; Plankton ; Zooplankton ; Seasonal distribution ; Geological distribution ; Salinity ; Temperature
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: El propósito de estas investigaciones, es contribuir al conocimiento sobre la presencia de Limnorias en los principales puertos del Ecuador, además evaluar el daño que ocasionan.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., ilus.
    Description: Published
    Description: wood-boring organisms, harbors
    Keywords: Geographical distribution ; Environmental factors ; Salinity ; Temperature ; Marine molluscs ; Marine organisms ; Geographical distribution ; Oceanographic data ; Environmental factors ; Salinity ; Temperature
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 7
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: El propósito de este trabajo consiste en presentar nuevas evidencias de la presencia de esta subcorriente, que pasa a través de las Islas Galápagos y que sus aguas han sido observadas hasta los 82°W (frente al Golfo de Guayaquil), este trabajo esta basado en mediciones directas de corrientes efectuadas a bordo del BAE ORION, en un crucero oceanográfico desarrollado entre abril y mayo del 2002.
    Description: During the oceanographic cruise on board of the BAE ORION, between may and june of the 2002, they were carried out measurements of profiles of current, temperature and salinity, in three longitudinal sections 92°, 90° 89°W, whose outputs mark the existence of a surface high-salinity core were found north and south of the islands, zones that coincide with the areas of upwelling and surface flows toward the east. A correlation of these three parameters manifest the physical characteristics of the Equatorial Undercurrent or Cromwell Current, who is introduced to the west of the islands with a thickness of approximately 50 meters, with eastward velocity of 60 cm/s, temperatures between 20-15°C and salinities between 35-32.5 ups. Observations east of the Galápagos Islands, its forks in two branchs, with eastward velocities don't of up to 50 cm/s, weakening in accordance direct toward the east, without discarding the possibility of that the same approaches until our coast.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Temperature ; Salinity ; Temperature ; Salinity ; Surface salinity ; Upwelling ; Equatorial undercurrents ; Cruises
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 8
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    Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Los objetivos del estudio son conocer la situación actual del zooplancton con la finalidad de conocer la composición, distribución y abundancia de las comunidades del zooplancton, resaltando las áreas de mayor productividad en el segundo eslabón de la cadena alimentaria. Establecer especies dominantes en la comunidad de quetognatos y su relación con los parámetros físicos en el estuario interior del Golfo de Guayaquil.
    Description: The present study reports in detail the distribution and composition of the zooplankton biomass in diferent places of the Gulf of Guayaquil and the main goal it is to know the areas of most productivity in the zooplankton. The most biomass of zooplankton was observed in the area of estuary Salado than in other areas in the study. The biomass was represented by microcrustacea the dominant group was Infra orden Brachiuran and it was observed the most at the station located in front of Quiñonez Island. The low zooplankton biomass was registered at the station located the area of the bridge ways around of Guayaquil city. The zooplankton community was represented by 17 taxa and 10 represented the Crustacea kind and it registered the most diversity at the estuary Salado and low diversity was observed at the bridge of ways around Guayaquil. The phylum Arthropoda showed a broad distribution and observed the abundance of insect larvae at Miraflores bridge it is not usually observed in the examples of zooplankton. The chaetognaths phylum showed that Sagitta bedoti was dominant and it may be considered a indicative changes on saltiness rate, in the area where the blend process between the Guayas River and Salado estuary happens.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biological production ; Estuaries ; Distribution ; Biomass ; Zooplankton ; Salinity ; Composition ; Distribution ; Biomass ; Zooplankton ; Salinity ; Abundance ; Biological production ; Estuaries ; Estuarine organisms
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Los estudios del zooplancton en diferentes áreas principalmente en el río Teaone, Esmeraldas y la zona marino costera frente a la ciudad que incluye, el área del balneario Las Palmas, en el último año se ha intensificado con el objetivo de obtener un conocimiento detallado de la presencia de estos organismos y las características físico-químicas que condicionan su abundancia y distribución.
    Description: The present study was carried out during the wet and dry seasons in the rivers Teaone, Esmeraldas, Petrolero Terminal and Palmas, for which stablished that a variability exists temporary space as for the abundance and composition of the communities zooplankton, especially the species of the taxa Chaetognatha, Cladocera, Caridea. The area of major productivity zooplanctónica associated with a high diversity was in the zone of Petrolero Terminal of Esmeraldas during the wet season. In the area Petrolero Terminal there was high abundance of Quetognatos's species represented by the dominancia of S. bedoti and S. neglecta in the wet season and during the dry season the dominancia was od S. enflata and S. minim which con be related principally by the seasonal variation of the parameter salinity, whereas the temperature was kept in a range of 25.9° to 28.4 °C during 2 season in study. The low zooplankton abundance and diversity registered in the river Teaone, there being registered the presence of scanty specimens of Macrobranchium rathbunae in the wet season. In the river Teaone were observed high values of potential of hydrogen in comparison with other areas in study, for what, it might catalogue that this area is in conditions of a deterioration of the quality of the waters, by light indications towards a pollution product of the antropogénica activities.
    Description: Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.
    Description: Published
    Description: freshwater environment
    Keywords: Zooplankton ; Biological production ; Water quality ; Salinity ; Hydrogen ; Species diversity ; Community composition ; Zooplankton ; Biological production ; Salinity ; Hydrogen ; Water quality ; Temporal variations ; Species diversity
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 10
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    American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Skill in ensemble-mean dynamical seasonal climate hindcasts with a coupled land-atmosphere model and specified observed sea surface temperature is compared to that for long multi-decade integrations of the same model where the initial conditions are far removed from the seasons of validation. The evaluations are performed for surface temperature and compared among all seasons. Skill is found to be higher in the seasonal simulations than the multi-decadal integrations except during boreal winter. The higher skill is prominent even beyond the first month when the direct influence of the atmospheric initial state elevates model skill. Skill is generally found to be lowest during the winter season for the dynamical seasonal forecasts, equal to that of the long integrations, which show some of the highest skill during winter. The reason for the differences in skill during the non-winter months is attributed to the severe climate drift in the long simulations, manifest through errors in downward fluxes of water and energy over land and evident in soil wetness. The drift presses the land surface to extreme dry or wet states over much of the globe, into a range where there is little sensitivity of evaporation to fluctuations in soil moisture. Thus, the land-atmosphere feedback is suppressed, which appears to lessen the model’s ability to respond correctly over land to remote ocean temperature anomalies.
    Description: Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Atmosphere-ocean system
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
    Format: 503454 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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