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  • Atmosphere-ocean system
  • Salinity
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (9)
  • American Meteorological Society  (2)
  • UNESCO  (2)
  • Springer Nature
  • 2005-2009  (13)
  • 1975-1979
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Keywords
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Years
Year
  • 1
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    Using Temperature–Salinity Relations in a Global Ocean Implementation of a Multivariate Data Assimilation Scheme (2008)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this paper results from the application of an ocean data assimilation (ODA) system, combining a multivariate reduced-order optimal interpolator (OI) scheme with a global ocean general circulation model (OGCM), are described. The present ODA system, designed to assimilate in situ temperature and salinity observations, has been used to produce ocean reanalyses for the 1962–2001 period. The impact of assimilating observed hydrographic data on the ocean mean state and temporal variability is evaluated. A special focus of this work is on the ODA system skill in reproducing a realistic ocean salinity state. Results from a hierarchy of different salinity reanalyses, using varying combinations of assimilated data and background error covariance structures, are described. The impact of the space and time resolution of the background error covariance parameterization on salinity is addressed.
    Description: This work has been funded by the ENACT Project (Contract EVK2-CT2001-00117) for A. Bellucci and P. Di Pietro, and partially by the ENSEMBLES Project (Contract GOCE-CT-2003-505539) for A. Bellucci.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3785-3807
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: ocean modelling ; data assimilation ; reanalysis ; upper ocean variability ; temperature ; Salinity ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    The Role of the Land Surface Background State in Climate Predictability (2005)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Skill in ensemble-mean dynamical seasonal climate hindcasts with a coupled land-atmosphere model and specified observed sea surface temperature is compared to that for long multi-decade integrations of the same model where the initial conditions are far removed from the seasons of validation. The evaluations are performed for surface temperature and compared among all seasons. Skill is found to be higher in the seasonal simulations than the multi-decadal integrations except during boreal winter. The higher skill is prominent even beyond the first month when the direct influence of the atmospheric initial state elevates model skill. Skill is generally found to be lowest during the winter season for the dynamical seasonal forecasts, equal to that of the long integrations, which show some of the highest skill during winter. The reason for the differences in skill during the non-winter months is attributed to the severe climate drift in the long simulations, manifest through errors in downward fluxes of water and energy over land and evident in soil wetness. The drift presses the land surface to extreme dry or wet states over much of the globe, into a range where there is little sensitivity of evaporation to fluctuations in soil moisture. Thus, the land-atmosphere feedback is suppressed, which appears to lessen the model’s ability to respond correctly over land to remote ocean temperature anomalies.
    Description: Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Atmosphere-ocean system
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
    Format: 503454 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Programme (GTSPP) - Overview and Future (2008)
    UNESCO
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This document is directed to the scientific research community and users of operational ocean data. It is also intended to provide an example and be a source of information to programmes such as the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) for developing and implementing end-to-end data management systems. The document is also directed towards Member States of IOC. It discusses how Member States can make contributions and how they can benefit from the GTSPP.
    Description: Published
    Description: temperature profile, salinity prifile, GTSPP
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Salinity ; Temperature data ; Temperature measurement ; Ocean circulation ; Salinity ; Salinity data ; Salinity measurement ; Salinity profiles ; Salinity scales
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 33
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  • 4
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    An Ocean Theme for the IGOS Partnership (2008)
    UNESCO
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-30
    Description: The Integrated Global Observing Strategy Partnership (IGOS-P) established, in 1999, a thematic approach to the implementation of the IGOS. Recognising that other themes will emerge, the “Ocean Theme” was chosen to be the “pathfinder” in this approach and an Ocean Theme Team was assembled to formulate guidance. One goal of the Ocean Theme Team is to consider and study the full range of current and planned observations, while identifying potential gaps in future observations that might compromise ocean observational records. This document presents a proposed set of long-term ocean observations and identifies a number of challenges for the improvement of knowledge about both the oceans and observing techniques. The overall strategy is to create an observing system for the oceans that serves the research and operational oceanographic communities. The set of observations is based on an evaluation of the range of requirements that have already been presented by GOOS, GCOS, and GODAE. The next five years must include development of institutional structures committed to (1) managing the total data flow (in situ as well as satellite); (2) managing the production, distribution and quality assessment of relevant data products; and (3) working with end-users to ensure that the evolving system is responsive to their needs. It is also recognised that observation protocols evolve with time and, therefore, that the stated observational requirements will need to be reviewed in future. It is the recognised applications that ultimately drive the shape of the requirements for the ocean observing system. The observations on which we focus here are needed to address important issues in ocean science, and through combinations of measurements and models, to support the production of an extensive range of products for a broad community of users. The applications are directly linked to societal needs, including among other things numerical weather prediction, seasonal-to-interannual climate forecasts, and climate assessment. The data are needed for deriving fields of information about the ocean and for initialising and validating the models used to derive other products. Aside from observations we also need to improve, through the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) and the Ocean Biology Project, how we assimilate the data into models.
    Description: Published
    Description: Ocean Biology, Ocean topography, Gravity, Geold, atmospheric pressure
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Salinity ; Surface temperature ; Wind vectors ; Sea ice ; Salinity
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 5
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    Deep drilling into the Chesapeake Bay impact structure (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-06-28
    Description: Samples from a 1.76-kilometer-deep corehole drilled near the center of the late Eocene Chesapeake Bay impact structure (Virginia, USA) reveal its geologic, hydrologic, and biologic history. We conducted stratigraphic and petrologic analyses of the cores to elucidate the timing and results of impact-melt creation and distribution, transient-cavity collapse, and ocean-water resurge. Comparison of post-impact sedimentary sequences inside and outside the structure indicates that compaction of the crater fill influenced long-term sedimentation patterns in the mid-Atlantic region. Salty connate water of the target remains in the crater fill today, where it poses a potential threat to the regional groundwater resource. Observed depth variations in microbial abundance indicate a complex history of impact-related thermal sterilization and habitat modification, and subsequent post-impact repopulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gohn, G S -- Koeberl, C -- Miller, K G -- Reimold, W U -- Browning, J V -- Cockell, C S -- Horton, J W Jr -- Kenkmann, T -- Kulpecz, A A -- Powars, D S -- Sanford, W E -- Voytek, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jun 27;320(5884):1740-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1158708.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA 20192, USA. ggohn@usgs.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18583604" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteria/growth & development/*isolation & purification ; *Ecosystem ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry/*microbiology ; Hot Temperature ; Salinity ; Seawater ; Time ; Virginia
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Climate. Blooms like it hot (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paerl, Hans W -- Huisman, Jef -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Apr 4;320(5872):57-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1155398.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC 28557, USA. hpaerl@email.unc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18388279" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Climate ; Cyanobacteria/*growth & development/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Greenhouse Effect ; Salinity ; Temperature ; *Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Ecology. Controlling eutrophication: nitrogen and phosphorus (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conley, Daniel J -- Paerl, Hans W -- Howarth, Robert W -- Boesch, Donald F -- Seitzinger, Sybil P -- Havens, Karl E -- Lancelot, Christiane -- Likens, Gene E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 20;323(5917):1014-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1167755.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉GeoBiosphere Science Centre, Department of Geology, Lund University, Solvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden. daniel.conley@geol.lu.se〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19229022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cyanobacteria/growth & development/metabolism ; *Ecosystem ; Eukaryota/growth & development/metabolism ; *Eutrophication ; Fresh Water/*chemistry/microbiology ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Nitrogen/*analysis/metabolism ; Nitrogen Fixation ; Phosphorus/*analysis/metabolism ; Salinity ; Seawater/*chemistry/microbiology ; Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Ecology. Crops for a salinized world (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-12-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rozema, Jelte -- Flowers, Timothy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Dec 5;322(5907):1478-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1168572.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Systems Ecology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands. jelte.rozema@falw.vu.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19056965" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Biomass ; Biotechnology ; *Crops, Agricultural/genetics/growth & development ; Ecosystem ; Fresh Water/chemistry ; Salinity ; *Salt-Tolerance/genetics ; *Salt-Tolerant Plants/genetics/growth & development ; Seawater ; Soil/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Evidence of global chlorophyll d (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-08-02
    Description: Although analyses of chlorophyll d (Chl d)-dominated oxygenic photosystems have been conducted since their discovery 12 years ago, Chl d distribution in the environment and quantitative importance for aquatic photosynthesis remain to be investigated. We analyzed the pigment compositions of surface sediments and detected Chl d and its derivatives from diverse aquatic environments. Our data show that the viable habitat for Chl d-producing phototrophs extends across salinities of 0 to 50 practical salinity units and temperatures of 1 degrees to 40 degrees C, suggesting that Chl d production can be ubiquitously observed in aquatic environments that receive near-infrared light. The relative abundances of Chl d derivatives over that of Chl a derivatives in the studied samples are up to 4%, further suggesting that Chl d-based photosynthesis plays a quantitatively important role in the aquatic photosynthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kashiyama, Y -- Miyashita, H -- Ohkubo, S -- Ogawa, N O -- Chikaraishi, Y -- Takano, Y -- Suga, H -- Toyofuku, T -- Nomaki, H -- Kitazato, H -- Nagata, T -- Ohkouchi, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Aug 1;321(5889):658. doi: 10.1126/science.1158761.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Research on Earth Evolution, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan. chiro@jamstec.go.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18669855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chlorophyll/*analysis/*metabolism ; Cyanobacteria/growth & development/*metabolism ; *Ecosystem ; Fresh Water/chemistry ; Geologic Sediments/*chemistry ; *Photosynthesis ; Phototrophic Processes ; Salinity ; Seawater/chemistry ; Temperature ; *Water/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Water activity and the challenge for life on early Mars (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-31
    Description: In situ and orbital exploration of the martian surface has shown that acidic, saline liquid water was intermittently available on ancient Mars. The habitability of these waters depends critically on water activity (aH2O), a thermodynamic measure of salinity, which, for terrestrial organisms, has sharply defined limits. Using constraints on fluid chemistry and saline mineralogy based on martian data, we calculated the maximum aH2O for Meridiani Planum and other environments where salts precipitated from martian brines. Our calculations indicate that the salinity of well-documented surface waters often exceeded levels tolerated by known terrestrial organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tosca, Nicholas J -- Knoll, Andrew H -- McLennan, Scott M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 May 30;320(5880):1204-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1155432.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. ntosca@fas.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18511686" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Exobiology ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Life ; *Mars ; Salinity ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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