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  • Marine meteorology  (9)
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  • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution  (17)
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  • 1
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    Stratus 9/VOCALS ninth setting of the Stratus Ocean Reference Station & VOCALS Regional Experiment (2009)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: The Ocean Reference Station at 20°S, 85°W under the stratus clouds west of northern Chile is being maintained to provide ongoing climate-quality records of surface meteorology; air-sea fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum; and of upper ocean temperature, salinity, and velocity variability. The Stratus Ocean Reference Station (ORS Stratus) is supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Climate Observation Program. It is recovered and redeployed annually, with cruises that have come between October and December. During the 2008 cruise on the NOAA ship Ronald H. Brown to the ORS Stratus site, the primary activities were recovery of the Stratus 8 WHOI surface mooring that had been deployed in October 2007, deployment of a new (Stratus 9) WHOI surface mooring at that site; in-situ calibration of the buoy meteorological sensors by comparison with instrumentation put on board by staff of the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL); and observations of the stratus clouds and lower atmosphere by NOAA ESRL. A buoy for the Pacific tsunami warning system was also serviced in collaboration with the Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service of the Chilean Navy (SHOA). The DART (Deep-Ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami) carries IMET sensors and subsurface oceanographic instruments. A DART II buoy was deployed north of the STRATUS buoy, by personnel from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) Argo floats and drifters were launched, and CTD casts carried out during the cruise. The ORS Stratus buoys are equipped with two Improved Meteorological (IMET) systems, which provide surface wind speed and direction, air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, incoming shortwave radiation, incoming longwave radiation, precipitation rate, and sea surface temperature. Additionally, the Stratus 8 buoy received a partial CO2 detector from the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL). IMET data are made available in near real time using satellite telemetry. The mooring line carries instruments to measure ocean salinity, temperature, and currents. The ESRL instrumentation used during the 2008 cruise included cloud radar, radiosonde balloons, and sensors for mean and turbulent surface meteorology. Finally, the cruise hosted a teacher participating in NOAA’s Teacher at Sea Program.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant No. NA17RJ1223 for the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Ocean Research (CICOR).
    Schlagwort(e): Ronald H. Brown (Ship) Cruise RB08-06 ; Marine meteorology ; Oceanography
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Shelf MIxed Layer Experiment (SMILE) program description and coastal and moored array data report (2009)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: The Shelf MIxed Layer Experiment (SMILE) was designed to study the response of the oceanic surface boundary layer over the continental shelf to atmospheric forcing. The SMILE field program was conducted over the northern California shelf between Pt. Arena and Pt. Reyes from mid-November 1988 to mid-May 1989. The field program consisted of five main components: (a) a long-term moored array to obtain current, temperature, and conductivity time series observations in the upper ocean over the shelf; (b) a short-term moored instrument deployment to measure the vertical current shear and stratification in the top 6 m of the water column; (c) shipboard CTD and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) surveys over the shelf and adjacent slope to map regional water property and current distributions; (d) a long-term moored and coastal meteorological array including one sounding station to obtain time series observations of the atmospheric surface forcing and monitor the structure of the marine boundary layer; and (e) overflights with an instrumented aircraft to measure the spatial structure of the surface wind, wind stress, and heat flux fields under different atmospheric conditions. This report has two objectives: (a) to describe the SMILE field program, including overviews of the five components, and (b) to present a statistical and graphical summary of the atmospheric (wind, air temperature, pressure, relative humidity, short- and longwave radiation) and oceanic (current, water temperature, and conductivity) long-term array measurements made as part of SMILE. A more detailed description of the instrumentation used in SMILE and an assessment of instrument performance and accuracy are presented separately by Dean et al. (1991).
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. OCE-87-16937.
    Schlagwort(e): Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Marine meteorology ; Wecoma (Ship) Cruise W8811 ; Wecoma (Ship) Cruise W8902 ; Wecoma (Ship) Cruise W8905
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 3
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    1981 summer study program in geophysical fluid dynamics : physics of convection (2009)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: Reexploring convection and its various transitions to chaotic behavior were the central themes of GFD 1981. Our principal lecturer, Dr. Edward A. Spiegel, provided both a rich historical picture and stimulating hours at the current frontiers of this topic. Before the summer was out his research lecture on "A Tale of Two Methods" elegantly merged Pierre Coullet's canonical formalism for studying dynamical systems in a central manifold and the more traditional two-timing amplitude expansions near critical points. Other lecture sequences on convection and its relation to simpler dynamical systems ranged from the fine presentations of John Guckenheimer on bifurcation theory to Fritz Busse's survey of his immense contributions to our understanding of nonlinear convection. The list of other lectures found on the following pages attests to our summer-long exposure to convection in the ocean, the atmosphere, the earth's core and mantle, and in the sun. August brought lectures on new observations of convection in the laboratories of physicists. Albert Libchaber's precise experiments on the many routes convection can take to turbulence, with parallel laboratory and numerical experiments described by J. Gollub and E. Siggia, added much to our language of inquiry.
    Beschreibung: Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-81-G-0089.
    Schlagwort(e): Convection ; Astrophysics
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 4
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    WHOI Hawaii Ocean Timeseries Station (WHOTS) : WHOTS-5 2008 mooring turnaround cruise report (2009)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Hawaii Ocean Timeseries (HOT) Site (WHOTS), 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii, is intended to provide long-term, high-quality air-sea fluxes as a part of the NOAA Climate Observation Program. The WHOTS mooring also serves as a coordinated part of the HOT program, contributing to the goals of observing heat, fresh water and chemical fluxes at a site representative of the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring outfitted for meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 22.75°N, 158°W by successive mooring turnarounds. These observations will be used to investigate air–sea interaction processes related to climate variability. The first four WHOTS moorings (WHOTS-1 through 4) were deployed in August 2004, July 2005, June 2006, and June 2007, respectively. This report documents recovery of the WHOTS-4 mooring and deployment of the fifth mooring (WHOTS-5). Both moorings used Surlyn foam buoys as the surface element and were outfitted with two Air–Sea Interaction Meteorology (ASIMET) systems. Each ASIMET system measures, records, and transmits via Argos satellite the surface meteorological variables necessary to compute air–sea fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. The upper 155 m of the moorings were outfitted with oceanographic sensors for the measurement of temperature, conductivity and velocity in a cooperative effort with R. Lukas of the University of Hawaii. A pCO2 system was installed on the WHOTS-5 buoy in a cooperative effort with Chris Sabine at the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. The WHOTS mooring turnaround was done on the University of Hawaii research vessel Kilo Moana, Cruise KM-08-08, by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The cruise took place between 3 and 11 June 2008. Operations began with deployment of the WHOTS-5 mooring on 5 June at approximately 22°46.1'N, 157°54.1'W in 4702 m of water. This was followed by meteorological intercomparisons and CTDs at the WHOTS-4 site. A period of calmer weather was taken advantage of to recover WHOTS-4 on 6 June 2008. The Kilo Moana then returned to the WHOTS-5 mooring for CTD operations and meteorological intercomparisons. This report describes these cruise operations, as well as some of the in-port operations and pre-cruise buoy preparations.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant No. NA17RJ1223 for the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Ocean Research (CICOR).
    Schlagwort(e): Kilo Moana (Ship) Cruise KM0808 ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Oceanographic buoys ; Marine meteorology
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 5
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    WHOI Hawaii Ocean Timeseries Station (WHOTS) : WHOTS-4 2007 mooring turnaround cruise report (2008)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Hawaii Ocean Timeseries (HOT) Site (WHOTS), 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii, is intended to provide long-term, high-quality air-sea fluxes as a part of the NOAA Climate Observation Program. The WHOTS mooring also serves as a coordinated part of the HOT program, contributing to the goals of observing heat, fresh water and chemical fluxes at a site representative of the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring outfitted for meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 22.75°N, 158°W by successive mooring turnarounds. These observations will be used to investigate air–sea interaction processes related to climate variability. The first three WHOTS moorings (WHOTS-1 through 3) were deployed in August 2004, July 2005 and June 2006, respectively. This report documents recovery of the WHOTS-3 mooring and deployment of the fourth mooring (WHOTS-4). Both moorings used Surlyn foam buoys as the surface element and were outfitted with two Air–Sea Interaction Meteorology (ASIMET) systems. Each ASIMET system measures, records, and transmits via Argos satellite the surface meteorological variables necessary to compute air–sea fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. The upper 155 m of the moorings were outfitted with oceanographic sensors for the measurement of temperature, conductivity and velocity in a cooperative effort with R. Lukas of the University of Hawaii. A pCO2 system was installed on the WHOT-3 buoy in a cooperative effort with Chris Sabine at the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. The WHOTS mooring turnaround was done on the University of Hawaii research vessel Kilo Moana, Cruise KM-07-08, by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The cruise took place between 24 June and 1 July 2007. Operations began with deployment of the WHOTS-4 mooring on 25 June at approximately 22°40.2′N, 157°57.0′W in 4756 m of water. This was followed by meteorological intercomparisons and CTDs at the WHOTS-4 and WHOTS-3 sites. The WHOTS-3 mooring was recovered on June 28th followed by CTD operations at the HOT site and shipboard meteorological observations at several sites to the south of the mooring site. This report describes these cruise operations, as well as some of the in-port operations and pre-cruise buoy preparations.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant No. NA17RJ1223 for the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Ocean Research (CICOR).
    Schlagwort(e): Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Oceanographic buoys ; Marine meteorology ; Kilo Moana (Ship) Cruise KM0708
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 6
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    Stratus Ocean Reference Station (20˚S, 85˚W) mooring recovery and deployment cruise STRATUS 8 R/V Ronald H. Brown cruise 07-09 October 9, 2007–November 6, 2007 (2008)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: The Ocean Reference Station at 20°S, 85°W under the stratus clouds west of northern Chile is being maintained to provide ongoing climate-quality records of surface meteorology (air-sea fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum), and of upper ocean temperature, salinity, and velocity variability. The Stratus Ocean Reference Station (ORS Stratus) is supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Climate Observation Program. It is recovered and redeployed annually, with cruises between October and December. During the October 2007 cruise on the NOAA ship Ronald H. Brown to the ORS Stratus site, the primary activities were recovery of the Stratus 7 WHOI surface mooring that had been deployed in October 2006, deployment of a new (Stratus 8) WHOI surface mooring at that site; in-situ calibration of the buoy meteorological sensors by comparison with instrumentation put on board the ship by staff of the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL); and observations of the stratus clouds and lower atmosphere by NOAA ESRL. Meteorological sensors on a buoy for the Pacific tsunami warning system were also serviced, in collaboration with the Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service of the Chilean Navy (SHOA). The DART (Deep-Ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami) carries IMET sensors and subsurface oceanographic instruments. A new DART II buoy was deployed north of the STRATUS buoy, by personnel from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) Argo floats and drifters were launched, and CTD casts carried out during the cruise. The ORS Stratus buoys are equipped with two Improved Meteorological (IMET) systems, which provide surface wind speed and direction, air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, incoming shortwave radiation, incoming longwave radiation, precipitation rate, and sea surface temperature. Additionally, the Stratus 8 buoy received a partial pressure of CO2 detector from the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL). IMET data are made available in near real time using satellite telemetry. The mooring line carries instruments to measure ocean salinity, temperature, and currents. The ESRL instrumentation used during the 2007 cruise included cloud radar, radiosonde balloons, and sensors for mean and turbulent surface meteorology. Finally, the cruise hosted a teacher participating in NOAA’s Teacher at Sea Program.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant No. NA17RJ1223 for the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Ocean Research (CICOR).
    Schlagwort(e): Marine meteorology ; Oceanography ; Ronald H. Brown (Ship) Cruise RB07-09
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 7
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    A preliminary analysis of the vertical heat flux at five meters over water (2007)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: Originally issued as Reference No. 51-70
    Beschreibung: The members of the Marine Meteorology Project of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution have designed equipment for the measurement or the vertical heat flux. This consists of a small vertical vane, a heated thermistor anemometer, and a bead thermistor thermometer, all mounted within about 20 centimeters or each other. The instruments were described in detail by Parson and Bunker. The anemometer was not temperature compensated, so that, the wind speed itself is possibly not very accurate; however, the wind speed enters the computation or the heat flux only through the vertical velocity, which is not sensitive to errors in the horizontal speed.
    Beschreibung: Office of Naval Research Under Contract N6onr-27702 (NR-082-021)
    Schlagwort(e): Marine meteorology ; Heat ; Transmission ; Instruments
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    WHOI Hawaii Ocean Timeseries Station (WHOTS) : WHOTS-3 mooring turnaround cruise report (2007)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Hawaii Ocean Timeseries (HOT) Site (WHOTS), 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii, is intended to provide long-term, high-quality air-sea fluxes as a coordinated part of the HOT program and contribute to the goals of observing heat, fresh water, and chemical fluxes at a site representative of the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring outfitted for meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 22.75N 158W by successive mooring turnarounds. These observations will be used to investigate air-sea interaction processes related to climate variability. The first WHOTS mooring (WHOTS-1) was deployed in August 2004. WHOTS-1 was recovered and WHOTS-2 deployed in July 2005. This report documents recovery of the WHOTS-2 mooring and deployment of the third mooring (WHOTS-3) at the same site. Both moorings used Surlyn foam buoys as the surface element and were outfitted with two Air-Sea Interaction Meteorology (ASIMET) systems. Each system measures, records, and transmits via Argos satellite, the surface meteorological variables necessary to compute air-sea fluxes of heat, moisture, and momentum. WHOTS-2 was equipped with one Iridium data transmitter, and WHOTS-3 had two Iridium data transmitters. In cooperation with R. Lukas of the University of Hawaii, the upper 155 m of the morrings were outfitted with oceanographic sensors for the measurement of temperature, conductivity, and velocity. The WHOTS mooring turnaround was done on the Scripps Institution of Oceanography ship Revelle, Cruise AMAT-07, by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Roger Lukas’group at the University of Hawaii. The cruise took place between 22 and 29 June 2006. Operations on site were initiated with an intercomparison of shipboard meteorological observations with the WHOTS-2 buoy. Dr. Frank Bradley, CSIRO, Australia, assisted with these comparisons. This was followed by recovery of the WHOTS-2 mooring on 24 June. A number of recovered instruments were calibrated by attaching them to the rosette frame of the CTD. Shallow CTD profiles were taken every two hours for 12 hours on the 25th of June. A fish trap was deployed on June 25th by John Yeh, a University of Hawaii graduate student. The WHOTS-3 mooring was deployed on 26 June at approximately 22°46'N, 157°54'W in 4703 m of water. A ship-buoy intercomparison period and series of shallow CTDs followed along with a second deployment of the fishtrap. A NOAA Teacher-At-Sea, Diana Griffiths, and a NOAA Hollings Scholar, Terry Smith, participated in the cruise. This report describes the mooring operations, some of the pre-cruise buoy preparations and CTD casts taken during the cruise, the fish trap deployments, and the experiences of the Teacher-at-Sea and Hollings Scholar.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under grant No. NA17RJ1223 for the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Ocean Research (CICOR).
    Schlagwort(e): Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Oceanographic buoys ; Marine meteorology ; Roger Revelle (Ship) Cruise AMAT-07
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    The subduction experiment : cruise report R/V Knorr : cruise number 138 leg XV : subduction 3 mooring recovery cruise, 13-30 June 1993 (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: Subduction is the mechanism by which water masses formed in the mixed layer and near the surface of the ocean find their way into the upper thermocline. The subduction process and its underlying mechanisms were studied though a combination of Eulerian and Langrangian measurements of velocity, measurements of tracer distributions and hydrographic properties and modeling. An array of five surface moorings carrying meteorological and oceanographic instrumentation were deployed for a period of two years beginning in June 1991 as part of an Office of Naval Research (ONR) funded Subduction experiment. Three eight month deployments were planned. The moorings were deployed at 18°N 34°W, 18°N 22°W, 25.5°N 29°W, 33°N 22°W and 33°N 34°W. A Vector Averaging Wind Recorder (VAWR) and an Improved Meteorological Recorder (IMET) collected wind speed and wind direction, sea surface temperature, air temperature, short wave radiation, barometric pressure and relative humidity. The IMET also measured precipitation. The moorings were heavily instrumented below the surface with Vector Measuring Current Meters (VMCM) and single point temperature recorders. Expendable bathythermograph (XBT) data were collected and meteorological observations were made while transmitting between mooring locations. This report describes the work that took place during R/V Knorr cruise number 138 leg XV which was the fourth scheduled Subduction mooring cruise. During this cruise the moorings previously deployed for a third and final eight month period were recovered. This report includes a description of the moorings and instrumentation that were recovered, has information about the underway measurements (XBT and meteorological observations) that were made including plots of the data, and presents a chronology of the cruise events.
    Beschreibung: Funding provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N00014-90-J-1490.
    Schlagwort(e): Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Subduction ; Knorr (Ship : 1970-) Cruise KN138
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 10
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    The Subduction experiment : mooring field program and data summary ; Sub 1 June 1991-February 1992 ; Sub 2 February 1992-October 1992 ; Sub 3 October 1992-June 1993 (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: An array of five surface moorings carrying meteorological and oceanographic instrumentation was deployed for a period of two years beginning in June 1991 as part of an Office of Naval Research (ONR) funded Subduction experiment. Three eight month deployments were carried out. The five mooring locations were 18°N 34°W, 18°N 22°W, 25.5°N 29°W, 33°N 22°W and 33°N 34°W. Two Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) and three Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) moorings collected oceanographic and meteorological data, using a 3-meter discus or 2-meter toroid buoy and multiple Vector Measuring Current Meters (VMCMs), an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) and Brancker temperature recorders (tpods). The surface buoys carried a Vector Averaging Wind Recorder (VAWR) and, on four of the five moorings, an Improved Meteorological Recorder (IMET) which measured wind speed and wind direction, sea surface temperature, air temperature, short wave radiation, barometric pressure and relative humidity. The IMET also measured precipitation. The VMCMs, ADCP and tpods, placed at depths 1 m to 3500 m, measured oceanic velocities and temperatures. This report presents meteorological and oceanographic data from the WHOI Upper Ocean Processes Group (UOP) and the SIO Instrument and Development Group (lDG) instruments and contains summaries of the instruments used, their depths, mooring positions, mooring deployment and recovery times, and data return. Appendices contain information on supplementary Subduction data sets.
    Beschreibung: Funding provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N00014-90-J-1490.
    Schlagwort(e): Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Subduction ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC240 ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC250 ; Charles Darwin (Ship) Cruise CD73 ; Knorr (Ship : 1970-) Cruise KN138
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 11
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    Acquisition, description and evaluation of atmospheric model products for the coastal mixing and optics experiments (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: Numerical weather forecasting model products were acquired for use in the Coastal Mixing and Optics (CMO) Experiment to augment in situ observations of meteorological parameters (e.g., wind speed and direction, air temperature and relative humidity) at a moored array of buoys in the Middle Atlantic Bight. In this report, the Eta and Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) regional models are described and the two methods of acquisition via the Internet, the Internet Data Distribution (IDD) system and file transfer (FTP) from the NOAA Information Center's data server, are discussed. Processing and archival of the model data are also addressed. Data from the CMO central mooring and six National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) buoys in the Middle Atlantic bight were used to evaluate the accuracy of the model products. Comparisons between model and in situ wind speed, wind direction, barometrc pressure, air temperature and sea surface temperature were possible for all seven of the buoys. Since no moisture measurement was made from the NDBC buoys, comparisons of relative and specific humidity were only possible at the CMO buoy. Sensible and latent heat fluxes and global (net) radiation from the models were compared to estimates of heat fluxes and net radiation from the CMO central buoy.
    Beschreibung: Funding provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. NOO014-95-1-0339.
    Schlagwort(e): Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Numerical weather forecasting models ; Coastal Mixing and Optics (CMO) Experiment
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 12
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    TOGA COARE mooring deployment, mooring check-out and mooring recovery cruises : R/V Wecoma 7 October-1 November 1992, R/V Le Noriot 2 December-15 December 1992, R/V Wecoma 27 February-11 March 1993 (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: The Tropical Ocean - Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean - Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) was conceived in order to improve understanding of the principal processes responsible for coupling of the ocean and atmosphere in the western Pacific warm pool region. Field work for TOGA COARE was concentrated in an Intensive Flux Array (IFA) and included a variety of atmospheric and oceanic platforms. The Upper Ocean Processes Group (UOPG) was involved in TOGA COARE through the preparation, deployment, and recovery of a heavily instrumented surface mooring for the observation of air-sea fluxes and oceanic temperature, salinity, and currents in the upper 300 m. The mooring was deployed at 1°,45.27'S, 155°,59.73'E on 21 October 1992 in 1744 m of water. An instrument check-out cruise was undertaken in December of 1992 in order to evaluate the meteorological systems on the buoy. The mooring was recovered on 4 March 1993. This report describes mooring deployment operations, the instrument check-out cruise, and the mooring recovery. UOPG personnel also assisted with the deployment and recovery of five other moorings as a part of the COARE IFA and these operations are discussed.
    Beschreibung: Funding provided by the National Science Foundation under grants OCE-9110554 and OCE-9110559.
    Schlagwort(e): Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Western Pacific warm pool ; Wecoma (Ship) Cruise WE92-10A ; Wecoma (Ship) Cruise WE93-02A ; le Noroit (Ship) Cruise
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    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 13
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    Improved meteorological measurements from buoys and ships (IMET) : preliminary comparison of humidity sensors (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: Humidity sensors using various principles of operation are evaluated for the potential use at sea on buoys and ships. Thin film capacitive polymer sensors include the Vaisala Humicap HMP-14U (with WHOI electronics), Hy-Cal Engineerig Ultra-H (also with WHOI electronics), the new Vaisala HMP-35A, and the Rotronic MP-lOOF. Impedance sensors include the Thunder Scientific PC-2101, Phys-Chem PCRC-ll, and the General Eastern 850. The Hygrometrix 8503A is the only organically based cellulose crystallite sensor evaluated. Chilled mirror dew sensors include the EG&G 200M Dewtrak, which was used as a comparative standard, the General Eastern Dew-lO and the WHOI D10IQ Intelligent Dew Point Sensor. The IR-200 infrared optical hygrometer from Ophir is also included in this study. The performance of the EG&G 200M Dewtrak was quite disappointing. Errors of up to 2.5°C in air temperature were observed due to inadequate shielding from solar radiation.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE-87-09614.
    Schlagwort(e): Humidity sensors ; Meteorological instrumentation ; Marine meteorology
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 2205505 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 14
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    Coastal ocean processes inner-shelf study : coastal and moored physical oceanographic measurements (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: To improve our understanding of the physical and biological processes influencing plantonic larval distributions over the inner shelf, an interdisciplinary field program funded by the National Science Foundation's Coastal Ocean Processes program (CoOP) was conducted near Duck, North Carolina in the southern porton of the Middle Atlantic Bight. The field program took place from August to December, 1994 and included both moored and shipboard measurements of physical, biological and sedimentological variables. This report summarizes the observations from one component of this field program, a moored array of physical oceanographic and meteorological instruments. This component of the field program consisted of a cross-shelf array of three surface/subsurface mooring pairs in 13 m, 20 m and 25 m of water supporting instruments to measure currents, temperature and conductivity, a suite of meteorological instruments on surface buoys at the 20 -m and 25 -m site, and an along-shelf array of temperature, conductivity and bottom pressure sensors mounted on jetted pipes along the 5-m isobath and on moorings along the 20-m isobath. The report includes descriptions of the cross-shelf and along-shelf arrays, the four types of instruments used (VAWRs, VMCMs, SeaCats, and SeaGauges), and the data return from the field program. Statistical and graphical summaries of the atmospheric (wind, air temperature, barometric pressure, relative humidity, short- and long-wave radiation), and oceanic (current, water temperature, conductivity and bottom pressure) measurements are presented.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. OCE-9221615.
    Schlagwort(e): Inner-shelf ; Oceanographic instrumentation ; Marine meteorology ; Endeavor (Ship: 1976-) Cruise EN249 ; Endeavor (Ship: 1976-) Cruise EN258
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 7905188 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 15
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    Arabian Sea mixed layer dynamics experiment data report (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: The Arabian Sea is characterized by strong, large-scale atmospheric forcing during the summer (southwest) and winter (northeast) monsoons. To investigate air-sea interactions related to this unique surface forcing, a moored array was deployed from 15 October 1994 to 19 October 1995 just south of a region that experiences the climatological maximum winds during the summer monsoon. The array consisted of two Scripps Institution of Oceanography surface toroid buoys, two University of Washington subsurface moorings and a surface 3 m discus buoy deployed by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). The WHOI buoy carried redundant meteorological packages to measure wind speed and direction, air temperature, relative humidity, barometrc pressure, incoming short- and long-wave radiation and precipitation. Oceanographic instrumentation was deployed on the WHOI buoy's bridle and mooring line to collect time series of temperatue, salinity and velocity at various depths. Four multi-varable moored systems (MVMS) were also deployed along the mooring line by the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and the University of California at Santa Barbara to record both bio-optical and physical parameters. This report describes the instrumentation deployed on the WHOI buoy and the processing and editing of the returned data. The data are then summarized in graphical and tabular formats.
    Beschreibung: Funding provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N00014-94-1-0161.
    Schlagwort(e): Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Thomas G. Thompson (Ship) Cruise TN40 ; Thomas G. Thompson (Ship) Cruise TN46 ; Thomas G. Thompson (Ship) Cruise TN52
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 8043767 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 16
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    Long-term evolution and coupling of the boundary layers in the Stratus Deck Regions of the eastern Pacific (STRATUS) (2005)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: A surface mooring was deployed in the eastern tropical Pacific west of northern Chile from the R/V Melville as part of the Eastern Pacific Investigation of Climate (EPIC). EPIC is a CLIVAR study with the goal of investigating links between sea surface temperature variability in the eastern tropical Pacific and climate over the American continents. Important to that goal is an understanding of the role of clouds in the eastern Pacific in modulating atmosphere-ocean coupling. The mooring was deployed near 20°S 85°W, at a location near the western edge of the stratocumulus cloud deck found west of Peru and Chile. This deployment started a three-year occupation of that site by a WHOI surface mooring in order to collect accurate time series of surface forcing and upper ocean variability. The surface mooring was deployed by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). In collaboration with investigators from the University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile, an XBT section was made on the way out to the mooring from Arica, Chile, and an XBT and CTD section was made on the way into Arica. The buoy was equipped with meteorological instrumentation, including two Improved METeorological (IMET) systems. The mooring also carried Vector Measuring Current Meters, single-temperature recorders, and conductivity and temperature recorders located in the upper meters of the mooring line. In addition to the instrumentation noted above, a variety of other instruments, including an acoustic current meter, an acoustic doppler current profiler, a bio-optical instrument package, and an acoustic rain guage, were deployed. This report describes, in a general manner, the work that took place and the data collected during the Cook 2 cruise aboard the R/V Melville. The surface mooring deployed during this cruise will be recovered and re-deployed after approximately 12 months and again after 24 months, with a final recovery planned for 36 months after the first setting. Details of the mooring design and preliminary data from the XBT and CTD sections are included.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under grant number NA96GP0429.
    Schlagwort(e): Stratocumulus clouds ; Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Melville (Ship) Cruise Cook 2
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 6285190 bytes
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  • 17
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    Long-term evolution of the coupled boundary layers (Stratus) mooring recovery and deployment cruise report R/V Melville (2005)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: The Long Term Evolution and Coupling of the Boundary Layers Study (referred to as the Stratus Project) is an effort to obtain a reliable multi-year dataset of meteorological and subsurface measurements beneath the stratus cloud deck off the coast of Chile and Peru. This data will improve our understanding of the role of clouds in ocean-atmosphere coupling. This project is part of the Eastern Pacific Investigation of Climate (EPIC), a NOAA-funded Climate Variability (CLIVAR) study. During the Stratus 2002 cruise, a surface mooring that had been deployed for one year off the coast of Chile was recovered, and a new surface mooring was deployed in the same location. The 2002 deployment starts the final year of a three-year occupation of the site by a Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) mooring as part of the Enhanced Monitoring element of EPIC. The occupation of the site will be continued under the NOAA Climate Observations Program, with the mooring serving as a Surface Reference Site. The Stratus buoys were equipped with surface meteorological instrumentation, mainly two Improved METeorological (IMET) systems. The moorings also carried subsurface equipment attached to the mooring line, which measured conductivity, temperature, current direction and velocity, chlorophyll-a, and rainfall. The moorings were recovered and deployed by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of WHOI from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography’s R/V Melville. In collaboration with investigators from the Chilean Navy Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service (SHOA) and the University of Concepcion, Chile, conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) profiles were obtained at the mooring site and along 20°S while steaming east from the mooring site.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant Number NA17RJ1223.
    Schlagwort(e): STRATUS ; Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Melville (Ship) Cruise Vanc03
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 117413642 bytes
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