ALBERT

Note: Machine generated contents note: Preface; 1. Introduction; Part I. Fundamental Concepts: 2. Fundamental concepts and terminology; 3. Modeling and computational simulation; Part II. Code Verification: 4. Software engineering; 5. Code verification; 6. Exact solutions; Part III. Solution Verification: 7. Solution verification; 8. Discretization error; 9. Solution adaptation; Part IV. Model Validation and Prediction: 10. Model validation fundamentals; 11. Design and execution of validation experiments; 12. Model accuracy assessment; 13. Predictive capability; Part V. Planning, Management, and Implementation Issues: 14. Planning and prioritization in modeling and simulation; 15. Maturity assessment of modeling and simulation; 16. Development and responsibilities for verification, validation and uncertainty quantification; Appendix. Programming practices; Index..

Note: Cover; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication Page; Table of Contents; Acknowledgments; Part One: Prehistory; 1. Introduction; 2. Sex and Salesmanship; 3. Seduction and the Emotions; 4. Social Primates; Part Two: Today; 5. Testing for Talent; 6. What Do Women Want?; 7. Coalitions of the Willing; 8. The Scarcity of Charm; 9. The Tender War; Notes; References; Index.

Note: Contents: Preface. - 1. Introduction. - 1.1. Relations among Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Cloud Microphysics. - 1.2. The Correspondence Principle. - 1.3. Structure of the Book. - 2. Clouds and Their Properties. - 2.1. Cloud Classification. - 2.2. Cloud Regimes and Global Cloud Distribution. - 2.2.1. Large-Scale Condensation in Fronts and Cyclones. - 2.2.2. Sc-St Clouds and Types of Cloud-Topped Boundary Layer. - 2.2.3. Convective Cloudiness in the Intertropical Convergence Zone. - 2.2.4. Orographic Cloudiness. - 2.3. Cloud Microphysical Properties. - 2.4. Size Spectra and Moments. - 2.4.1. Inverse Power Laws. - 2.4.2. Lognormal Distributions. - 2.4.3. Algebraic Distributions. - 2.4.4. Gamma Distributions. - 2.5. Cloud Optical Properties. - Appendix A.2. Evaluation of the Integrals with Lognormal Distribution. - 3. Thermodynamic Relations. - 3.1. Thermodynamic Potentials. - 3.2. Statistical Energy Distributions. - 3.2.1. The Gibbs Distribution. - 3.2.2. The Maxwell Distribution. - 3.2.3. The Boltzmann Distribution. - 3.2.4. Bose–Einstein Statistics. - 3.2.5. Fermi–Dirac Statistics. - 3.3. Phase Rules. - 3.3.1. Bulk Phases. - 3.3.2. Systems with Curved Interfaces. - 3.4. Free Energy and Equations of State. - 3.4.1. An Ideal Gas. - 3.4.2. Free Energy and the van der Waals Equation of State for a Non-Ideal Gas. - 3.5. Thermodynamics of Solutions. - 3.6. General Phase Equilibrium Equation for Solutions. - 3.6.1. General Equilibrium Equation. - 3.6.2. The Gibbs–Duhem Relation. - 3.7. The Clausius–Clapeyron Equation. - 3.7.1. Equilibrium between Liquid and Ice Bulk Phases. - 3.7.2. Equilibrium of a Pure Water Drop with Saturated Vapor. - 3.7.3. Equilibrium of an Ice Crystal with Saturated Vapor. - 3.7.4. Humidity Variables. - 3.8. Phase Equilibrium for a Curved Interface - The Kelvin Equation. - 3.9. Solution Effects and the Köhler Equation. - 3.10. Thermodynamic Properties of Gas Mixtures and Solutions. - 3.10.1. Partial Gas Pressures in a Mixture of Gases. - 3.10.2. Equilibrium of Two Bulk Phases around a Phase Transition Point. - 3.10.3. Raoult’s Law for Solutions. - 3.10.4. Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation. - 3.10.5. Relation of Water Activity and Freezing Point Depression. - 3.11. A diabatic Processes. - 3.11.1. Dry Adiabatic Processes. - 3.11.2. Wet Adiabatic Processes. - Appendix A.3. Calculation of Integrals with the Maxwell Distribution. - 4. Properties of Water and Aqueous Solutions. - 4.1. Properties of Water at Low Temperatures and High Pressures. - 4.1.1. Forms of Water at Low Temperatures. - 4.1.2. Forms of Water at High Pressures. - 4.2. Theories of Water. - 4.3. Temperature Ranges in Clouds and Equivalence of Pressure and Solution Effects. - 4.4. Parameterizations of Water and Ice Thermodynamic Properties. - 4.4.1. Saturated Vapor Pressures. - 4.4.2. Heat Capacity of Water and Ice. - 4.4.3. Latent Heats of Phase Transitions. - 4.4.4. Surface Tension between Water and Air or Vapor. - 4.4.5. Surface Tension between Ice and Water or Solutions. - 4.4.6. Surface Tension between Ice and Air or Vapor. - 4.4.7 Density of Water. - 4.4.8. Density of Ice. - 4.5. Heat Capacity and Einstein-Debye Thermodynamic Equations of State for Ice. - 4.6. Equations of State for Ice in Terms of Gibbs Free Energy. - 4.7. Generalized Equations of State for Fluid Water. - 4.7.1. Equations of the van der Waals Type and in Terms of Helmholtz Free Energy. - 4.7.2. Equations of State Based on the Concept of the Second Critical Point. - Appendix A.4. Relations among Various Pressure Units. - 5. Diffusion and Coagulation Growth of Drops and Crystals. - 5.1. Diffusional Growth of Individual Drops. - 5.1.1. Diffusional Growth Regime. - 5.1.2. The Kinetic Regime and Kinetic Corrections to the Growth Rate. - 5.1.3. Psychrometric Correction Due to Latent Heat Release. - 5.1.4. Radius Growth Rate. - 5.1.5. Ventilation Corrections. - 5.2. Diffusional Growth of Crystals. - 5.2.1. Mass Growth Rates. - 5.2.2. Axial Growth Rates. - 5.2.3. Ventilation Corrections. - 5.3. Equations for Water and Ice Supersaturations. - 5.3.1. General Form of Equations for Fractional Water Supersaturation. - 5.3.2. Supersaturation Relaxation Times and Their Limits. - 5.3.3. E quation for Water Supersaturation in Terms of Relaxation Times. - 5.3.4. Equivalence of Various Forms of Supersaturation Equations. - 5.3.5. Equation for Fractional Ice Supersaturation. - 5.3.6. Equilibrium Supersaturations over Water and Ice. - Liquid Clouds. - Ice Clouds. - Mixed Phase Clouds. - 5.3.7. A diabatic Lapse Rates with Non zero Supersaturations. - 5.4. The Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen Process and Cloud Crystallization. - 5.5. Kinetic Equations of Condensation and Deposition in the Adiabatic Process. - 5.5.1. Derivation of the Kinetic Equations. - 5.5.2. Some Properties of Regular Condensation. - 5.5.3. Analytical Solution of the Kinetic Equations of Regular Condensation. - 5.5.4. Equation for the Integral Supersaturation. - 5.6. Kinetic Equations of Coagulation. - 5.6.1. Various Forms of the Coagulation Equation. - 5.6.2. Collection Kernels for Various Coagulation Processes. - Brownian Coagulation. - Gravitational Coagulation. - 5.7. Thermodynamic and Kinetic Equations for Multidimensional Models. - 5.8. Fast Algorithms for Microphysics Modules in Multidimensional Models. - 6. Wet Aerosol Processes. - 6.1. Introduction. - 6.1.1. Empirical Parameterizations of Hygroscopic Growth. - 6.1.2. Empirical Parameterizations of Droplet Activation. - 6.2. Equilibrium Radii. - 6.2.1. Equilibrium Radii at Subsaturation. - 6.2.2. Equilibrium Radii of Interstitial Aerosol in a Cloud. - 6.3. Critical Radius and Supersaturation. - 6.4. Aerosol Size Spectra. - 6.4.1. Lognormal and Inverse Power Law Size Spectra. - 6.4.2. Approximation of the Lognormal Size Spectra by the Inverse Power Law. - 6.4.3. Examples of the Lognormal Size Spectra, Inverse Power Law, and Power Indices. - 6.4.4. Algebraic Approximation of the Lognormal Distribution. - 6.5. Transformation of the Size Spectra of Wet Aerosol at Varying Humidity. - 6.5.1. Arbitrary Initial Spectrum of Dry Aerosol. - 6.5.2. Lognormal Initial Spectrum of Dry Aerosol. - 6.5.3. Inverse Power Law Spectrum. - 6.5.4. Algebraic Size Spectra. - 6.6. CCN Differential Supersaturation Activity Spectrum. - 6.6.1. A rbitrary Dry Aerosol Size Spectrum. - 6.6.2. Lognormal Activity Spectrum. - 6.6.3. Algebraic Activity Spectrum. - 6.7. Droplet Concentration and the Modified Power Law for Drops Activation. - 6.7.1. Lognormal and Algebraic CCN Spectra. - 6.7.2. Modified Power Law for the Drop Concentration. - 6.7.3. Supersaturation Dependence of Power Law Parameters. - Appendix A.6. Solutions of Cubic Equations for Equilibrium and Critical Radii. - 7. Activation of Cloud Condensation Nuclei into Cloud Drops. - 7.1. Introduction. - 7.2. Integral Supersaturation in Liquid Clouds with Drop Activation. - 7.3. Analytical Solutions to the Supersaturation Equation. - 7.4. Analytical Solutions for the Activation Time, Maximum Supersaturation, and Drop Concentration. - 7.5. Calculations of CCN Activation Kinetics. - 7.6. Four Analytical Limits of Solution. - 7.7. Limit #1: Small Vertical Velocity, Diffusional Growth Regime. - 7.7.1. Lower Bound. - 7.7.2. Upper Bound. - 7.7.3. Comparison with Twomey’s Power Law. - 7.8. Limit #2: Small Vertical Velocity, Kinetic Growth Regime. - 7.8.1. Lower Bound. - 7.8.2. Upper Bound. - 7.9. Limit #3: Large Vertical Velocity, Diffusional Growth Regime. - 7.9.1. Lower Bound. - 7.9.2. Upper Bound. - 7.10. Limit #4: Large Vertical Velocity, Kinetic Growth Regime. - 7.10.1. Lower Bound. - 7.10.2. Upper Bound. - 7.11. Interpolation Equations and Comparison with Exact Solutions. - Appendix A.7. Evaluation of the Integrals J2 and J3 for Four Limiting Cases. - 8. Homogeneous Nucleation. - 8.1. Metastable States and Nucleation of a New Phase. - 8.2. Nucleation Rates for Condensation and Deposition. - 8.2.1. Application of Boltzmann Statistics. - 8.2.2. The Fokker–Planck

Note: Introduction -- Citizen competence and democratic decision-making -- Data and methods -- The preference/policy link -- Policy domains and democratic responsiveness -- Interest groups and democratic responsiveness -- Parties, elections, and democratic responsiveness -- Democratic responsiveness across time -- Money and American politics..

Note: Chapter 1 Not Another Crisis! -- Chapter 2 From Abundance to Scarcity in 25 Years -- Chapter 3 Causes of Water Scarcity -- Chapter 4 Climate Change and Water -- Chapter 5 Agriculture and Water -- Chapter 6 Water, Food, and Poverty -- Chapter 7 Integrating Water Planning and Management -- Chapter 8 Water Governance for People and the Environment -- Chapter 9 Water Rights and Water Costs -- Chapter 10 Solving the World’s Water Problems

Note: Machine generated contents note:1. Introduction2. The Investible Agricultural Space3. Climate Change and Agriculture4. Agricultural Risk Management & Insurance5. Biofuels and Agriculture5b. Biofuels and the Sustainability Conundrum6. Financing the Agricultural Firm7. Farmland as an Investible Asset Class7b. Farmland7c. Land Expectation Value and Timberland Valuation8. Advanced Technologies and Agriculture9. Challenges in Agricultural Production and Natural Resources Management10. Sustainability of Agricultural Productivity Growth11. Commodity Derivative Markets11b. Trading Agricultural Commodities11c. Speculation on (Agricultural) Commodity Markets & Financialization of Commodity Price Formation12. The Global Water Challenge13. Future Agricultural Dynamics..

Note: In kyrill. Schr.

Note: section A. Language, ideology and powersection B. Discourse and sociocultural change -- section C. Dialectics of discourse: theoretical developments -- section D. Methodology in CDA research -- section E. Political discourse -- F. Globalisation and 'transition' -- section G. Language and education..

Note: Machine generated contents note: 1. The role of experts in international and European decision-making processes: setting the scene Monika Ambrus, Karin Arts, Ellen Hey and Helena Raulus; Part I. Theorizing Expert Involvement in International and European Decision-Making: 2. Ideas, experts and governance Peter M. Haas; 3. The politics of expertise: applying paradoxes of scientific expertise to international law Wouter G. Werner; 4. Reflections on the different roles of expertise in regulatory policy-making Lorna Schrefler; 5. The virtues of expertise Jan Klabbers; Part II. Expert Involvement in International Decision-Making in the Environmental Sphere: 6. The role of scientific expertise in multilateral environmental agreements: influence and effectiveness Steinar Andresen; 7. Changing demands at the science-policy interface: organisational learning in the IPCC Bernd Siebenhüner; 8. Global scientific assessments and environmental resource governance: towards a science-policy interface ladder Joyeeta Gupta; Part III. Experts in the WTO and Risk Regulation: 9. The structural logic of expert participation in WTO decision-making processes Jessica Lawrence; 10. Health risks, experts and decision making within the SPS Agreement and the Codex Alimentarius Alexia Herwig; 11. The role of experts in environmental and health-related trade disputes in the WTO: deconstructing decision-making processes Lukasz Gruszczynski; Part IV. Experts in Human Rights Related Decision-Making Processes: 12. Human rights experts in the United Nations: a review of the role of UN special procedures Surya P. Subedi; 13. 'Experts': the mantra of irregular migration and the reproduction of hierarchies Jeff Handmaker and Claudia Mora; 14. Private carriers as experts in immigration control Sophie Scholten and Ashley Terlouw; Part V. Experts in Decision-Making Processes of the European Union: 15. The European system of financial supervision: a technology of expertise Michelle Everson; 16. The role of experts and financial supervision in the European Union: the de Larosière Commission Karim Knio; 17. Expertise at the crossroads of national and international policy-making: a public management perspective Adriaan Schout and Jaap Sleifer; 18. Blurred areas of responsibility: European agencies' scientific 'opinions' under scrutiny E. Madalina Busuioc..

Note: Contents: I. Grundlagen des Modell-Platonismus ; 1. Einleitung ; 2. Hans Alberts Modell-Platonismus-Vorwurf ; 3. Zur logischen Struktur neoklassischer Theorie ; 4. Das Marktmodell vollkommener Konkurrenz ; 5. Varianten der Charakterisierung neoklassischer Ökonomie ; II. Erweiterungen des Modell-Platonismus ; 6. Realitätsbezug und Informationsgehalt: Zur Grenzenlosigkeit neoklassischer Ökonomie ; 7. Axiomatische Variationen: Zur Flexibilität neoklassischer Theorie ; 8. Institutionelle Aspekte: Die Ökonomie als soziales Feld ; 9. Empirie und Evidenz: Zur Rolle von Ökonometrie und Experiment ; 10. Abschließende Bemerkungen

Note: Cover; Half title; Title; Copyright; Contents; Contributors; Preface; 1 Introduction; 2 Intraplate earthquakes in Australia; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Two centuries of earthquake observations in Australia; 2.2.1 Mechanism, geographic distribution, and strain rate; 2.2.2 Seismogenic depth; 2.2.3 Attenuation and scaling relations; 2.3 A long-term landscape record of large (morphogenic) earthquakes; 2.3.1 Variation in fault scarp length and vertical displacement; 2.3.2 The influence of crustal type and character on seismic activity rates; 2.4 Patterns in earthquake occurrence. , 2.5 Maximum magnitude earthquake2.5.1 Scarp length as a proxy for paleo-earthquake magnitude; 2.6 Implications for SCR analogue studies: factors important in earthquake localisation; 2.6.1 Mechanical and thermal influences; 2.6.2 Structural architectural influences; 2.7 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; 3 Intraplate seismicity in Brazil; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Earthquake catalogue; 3.3 Seismicity map; 3.4 Seismotectonic correlations; 3.4.1 Lower seismicity in Precambrian cratonic provinces; 3.4.2 Intraplate seismicity and cratonic roots; 3.4.3 Passive margin seismicity. , 3.4.4 Influence of neotectonic faults3.4.5 Flexural stresses; 3.5 Discussion and conclusions; Acknowledgments; 4 Earthquakes and geological structures of the St. Lawrence Rift System; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Historical earthquakes and their impact; 4.3 Seismic zones of the SLRS; 4.3.1 Charlevoix; 4.3.2 Lower St. Lawrence; 4.3.3 Western Quebec; 4.3.4 Background seismicity; 4.4 The St. Lawrence Rift System; 4.5 The rift hypothesis and the SLRS: discussion and conclusions; Acknowledgments; 5 Intraplate earthquakes in North China; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Tectonic background; 5.2.1 Geological history. , 5.2.2 Lithospheric structure5.2.3 Major seismogenic faults; 5.3 Active tectonics and crustal kinematics; 5.4 Strain rates and seismicity; 5.5 Seismicity; 5.5.1 Paleoseismicity; 5.5.2 Large historic events; 1303 Hongdong earthquake (M 8.0); 1556 Huaxian earthquake (M 8.3); 1668 Tancheng earthquake (M 8.5); 1679 Sanhe earthquake (M 8.0); 1695 Linfen earthquake (M 7.5-8.0); 5.5.3 Large instrumentally recorded earthquake; The 1966 Xingtai earthquake (Ms 7.2); The 1975 Haicheng earthquake (Ms 7.3); The 1976 Tangshan earthquake (Ms 7.8); 5.6 Spatiotemporal patterns of large earthquakes. , 5.6.1 Long-distance roaming of large earthquakes5.6.2 Fault coupling and interaction; 5.6.3 A conceptual model for mid-continental earthquakes; 5.7 Implications for earthquake hazards; Acknowledgements; 6 Seismogenesis of earthquakes occurring in the ancient rift basin of Kachchh, Western India; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Tectonic framework, structure, and tectonic evolution of Kachchh Rift basin; 6.2.1 Structure and tectonics; 6.2.2 Tectono-volcanic events; 6.2.3 Tectonic evolution and existing earthquake generation models of the Kachchh Rift zone. , 6.2.4 Identification of magmatic intrusive bodies.

Note: Cover; Contents; List of Tables; List of Figures; Acknowledgements; List of Abbreviations/Glossary; Preface; Introduction; Chapter 1 Producing Performance; Chapter 2 Selling Performance; Chapter 3 Managing Performance Over Time; Chapter 4 Sustainability and the Performance Economy; Notes; References; Index.

Note: Preface -- Manifesto: a call to establish a legitimate, wise, powerful collective voice of the people -- Democracy is about power and the people -- Direct democracy, representative democracy, and their shadows -- Why we need public wisdom -- Public wisdom: its role, its sources and its limitations -- Citizenship and the random selection of ad hoc mini publics -- Citizen deliberative councils: their character, variety and history -- How citizen deliberative councils could and should be used -- Public empowerment, public engagement, and the role of journalism -- Polarization, transpartisanship, and public wisdom -- Wisdom councils in 100 cities; with study circles, world cafes, and open space to engage the public with the results -- Deliberation for direct democracy -- Empowered public wisdom rising from the grassroots -- A new branch of government? -- Protecting the power and integrity of public wisdom -- What role will you play? -- Appendices -- An annotated list of powerful participatory processes, with links -- Some areas for research and development..

Note: Contents: Contents: Foreword by Ed Glaeser ; 1. Introduction ; 2. Urban Economic Performance ; 3. Residential Segregation and People Sorting Within Cities ; 4. Planning for a Housing Crisis: Or the Alchemy by Which We Turn Houses into Gold ; 5. Planning and Economic Performance ; 6. Planning: Reforms that Might Work and Ones that Won’t ; 7. Devolution, City Governance and Economic Performance ; 8. Urban Policies ; 9. Conclusions ; Index

Note: Contents: Preface to the Second Edition ; Preface to the First Edition ; Introduction ; Part I: Evolution and Concepts ; 1. Evolution and Concepts ; Appendix to Chapter 1: Definitions and Data Issues ; Part II: Pre-WWII Approaches to International Investment ; Introduction to Part II 2. Marxist Approaches ; 3. Foreign Investment Within the Neoclassical Paradigm ; Part III: Modern Theories ; Introduction to Part III 4. Hymer’s Seminal Work ; 5. The Product Life Cycle and International Production ; 6. Oligopolistic Reactions and the Geographical Pattern of FDI ; 7. Currency Areas and Internationalization ; 8. Internalization and the Transnational Corporation ; 9. Dunning’s Eclectic Framework ; 10. Stages in the Internationalization Process: The Scandinavian School ; 11. Evolutionary Theories of the TNC ; 12. New Trade Theories and the Activities of TNCs ; 13. Transnational Monopoly Capitalism ; 14. Nation-states and TNCs’ Strategic Behaviour ; 15. Resources, Networks and the TNC ; Part IV: Effects ; Introduction to Part IV 16. Boundaries in the Assessment of Effects ; 17. Innovation and the TNCs ; 18. Effects on Labour ; 19. Effects on Trade ; 20. Effects on the Balance of Payments ; Reference ; Index

Note: Zugl.: Univ. of Iceland, Reykjavík, MSc thesis, 2016

Note: Contents: 1 Einleitung ; 2 Globaler und regionaler Klimawandel ; 3 Regionen im Klimawandel ; 4 Klimaanpassung als mehrdimensionales Entscheidungsproblem ; 5 Untersuchungsdesign ; 6 Unternehmen und Gemeinden im Klimawandel ; 7 Verletzlichkeitsanalyse ; 8 Klimaanpassung: Status quo und Bedarf ; 9 Schlussfolgerungen und Ausblick ; Literatur ; Kurzdarstellung ; Abstract

Note: Table of Contents - Čast' 1.: Research by the pulsing method of a NRM of the metastable water formed at dissociation freonhydrate-12 in the field of negative temperatures / V. A. Vlasov, A. G. Zavodovsky, M. S. Madygulov, A. N. Nesterov, A. M. Reshetnikov. - Kinetics crystallization subcooling of the water contacting to surface gas hydrate / V. A. Vlasov, A. G. Zavodovsky, M. S. Madygulov, A. N. Nesterov, A. M. Reshetnikov. - Transformation of cryogenic structure of frozen clay soils at plain stamp test / S. S. Volokhov. - About influence of contact zone structure of frozen soils with materials on adfreezing strength / S. S. Volokhov, N. V. Solovyeva. - Possibilities of calculating the effective diffusion coefficient of water vapour in snow due to field observations data / R. I. Gavriliev. - Features of water's crystallization in dispersed rocks / V. N. Golubev, G. A. Rzhanitsyn. - Mass exchange in the system of atmosphere-snow cover-ground / V. N. Golubev, D. M. Frolov. - Physical and mechanical aspects of phase transition processes in frozen and freezing ground / J. B. Gorelik. - The experimental stadies of cryogenic preassure into water-saturated saline soils / S. E. Grechishchev, A. V. Brousehkov, Ark. V. Pavlov, O. V. Grechisheheva. - Phase composition of frozen saline ground with petroleum pollution / E. S. Grechishcheva, R. G. Motenko. - About plastic deformation of frozen rocks / M. M. Iudin. - Studies of Soil Moisture Transfer and ice extraction in clay loam Patterns Under External Pressure / O. A. Kazansky. - Isotopic content of interfacial water and ice frozen ground / V. N. Konischev, V. V. Rogov, V. N. Golubev, S. A. Sokratov. - On longevity and structured physical system organizations (on example of frozen soils and ice) / A. A. Konovalov. - On toughness and deforming the frozen ground / A. A. Konovalov. - The study of deformation characteristics of thawing soils / P. I. Kotov. - Thermal properties of volcanic ashes (Kamchatka) / E. P. Kuznetsova, R. G. Motenko. - About temperature extension coeffision of frozen soils / V. P. Merzlyakov. - Classification indicators of frost-susceptible soils / A. L. Nevzorov. - Separation of the pore solution compounds during mass transfer in disperse ice / V. Ye. Ostroumov, N. V. Ostroumova. - Achievements and problems of frozen soils mechanics / L. T. Roman. - Classification of frozen soils / L. T. Roman, V. I. Aksenov, A. V. Iospa. - Modification of frozen soils and ice by adding polyvinyl alcohol in order to facilitate construction / E. V. Safronov, V. V. Vialdin, V. G. Cheverev, V. E. Gagarin, D. V. Hvostikov. - Method of mass crystallization calculation for multiphased rheological mediums / N. I. Sidnyaev, D. A. Krylov. - The deflected mode of the freezing soils layer taking into account the creep and compliance of the boundary conditions / Z. G. Ter-Martirosyan, P. A. Gorbachev. - Study of deformation characteristics of thawing soils of Vankor oilfield / M. N. Tsarapov. - Influence of outer loading on frost heaving of freezing soils, according to theoretical and experimental researches / V. G. Cheverev, M. A. Minkin, E. V. Safronov, V. E. Gagarin, R. S. Bumaev. , Table of Contents - Čast' 2.: Investigation of glaciers and fumarolic activity of Mt Elbrus / V. A. Alekseev, N. G. Alekseeva, M. G. Daniyalov, P. A. Morozov, C. M. Pershin, P. V. Hlebopashev. - The study of impact craters near the Tunguska meteorite epicenter / V. A. Alekseev, V. V. Kopeykin, N. G. Alekseeva, V. V. Krivulin, L. G. Pelehan', V. A. Rukavishnikov, V. A. Chechin. - Engineering geophysical investigations to substantiate the investments for Nizhne-Timptonsk HPP construction / O. K. Voronkov, N. N. Sigatcheva, O. A. Semenov, Yu. Yu. Punin. - Essentials of technique for seismic hazard zoning of extended linear structures in cryolithic zone / V. I. Dzhurik, S. P. Serebrennikov, L. A. Usynin, E. V. Bryzhak. - Temperature dependence of seasonal changes of electrical resistance of frozen ground / V. N. Efremov. - Role and place geophysical methods at studying criolitozone / Y. D. Zykov, A. V. Koshurnikov, N. V. Paramonov, A. A. Pogorelov, R. D. Ostrovsky, A. Y. Gunar. - EM sounding technology's capability in long-term engineering-geological studies in transition zones (case study: transition of a pipeline Bovanenkovo-Ukhta through Baidaratskaya Bay) / Y. D. Zykov, Y. V. Kuleshov, S. V. Kulakov, A. V. Koshurnikov, E. I. Gorshkov, A. A. Pogorelov, E. M. Sizykh. - Experience using of aerospace infrared thermal data for characteristics of the permafrost / S. G. Kornienko. - Wave characteristics of permafrost in Western Yakutia / L. G. Neradovsky. - Geological-geophysical analysis of seismic events in the cryolithic zone of Mongolia / S. P. Serebrennikov, Ts. Batsaikhan, V. I. Dzhurik, A. Yu. Eskin, A. F. Drennov. - Seismic geocryological study of shallow waters in permafrost / A. G. Skvortsov, M. R. Sadurtdinov, A. M. Tsarev. - Features of seismic methods in engineering geocryological studies / A. G. Skvortsov, A. M. Tsarev, M. R. Sadurtdinov. - Descriptiveness of geophysical methods in the assessment of oil pollution / A. D. Skobelev, Y. D. Zykov, A. V. Koshurnikov, A. A. Pogorelov, P. D. Ostrovsky, A. Y. Gunnar. - Radiolocation of the upper frozen ground in Anadyr city: structure, interpretation, forecast / O. D. Tregubov. - Estimating of rock state and properties in long-tem physical weathering by an ultrasonic method / L. F. Ushakova, O. K. Voronkov. - The efficiency of geophysical methods in studies of cryolithic zone in the process of placer accumulation by dredge acquisition / I. M. Khasanov, N. L. Alevskaya, A. V. Koshumikov. - Impact assessment of cryolithic zone in geophysical explorations of gold minefields on a prospecting step, that arc disposed in background medium, consisted of finest sedimentary rock / I. M. Khasanov, V. M. Sharaphytdinov, A. V. Koshurnikov. - Engineering-geocryological research in offshore area of Kruzenshternsky field in Kara sea / V. A. Kholodilov, M. L. Tsemkalo, M. F. Savitskiy, N. V. Paramonov, A. V. Koshumikov, A. A. Pogorelov. - Using electrical resistivity tomography to investigate near-shore permafrost dynamics / P. Overduin, M. Grigoriev, T. Haberlau, S. Wetterich, S. Westermann, K. Yoshikawa. , Table of Contents - Čast' 3.: Cryogenic and seismogenic deormations in the Late Cenozoic deposits of Tunkinskaya depression in Baikal rift zone / S. V. Alexeev, L. P. Alexeeva, A. C. Gladkov, O. V. Lunina, A. M. Kononov, A. V. Andreev. - Coastal Permafrost evolution of Western Yamal in context of climate change / A. A. Vasiliev, I. D. Streletskaya, R. S. Shirokov, G. E. Oblogov. - Classification of massive ice /Yu. K. Vasil'chuk. - δ18O variation of Late Holocene ice-wedge of Aventdalen, Svalbard / Yu. K. Vasil'chuk, N. A. Budantseva, A. M. Zemskova. - Pollen spectra of massive ice of Yerkutayakha River valley, Southern Yamal Peninsula / A. C. Vasil'chuk, Yu. K. Vasi l'chuk, N. A. Budantscva. - Complex assessment of crioecolological and bioresource state of northern geosystems / L. I. Zotova, S. J. Dedjusova. - Study of Quaternary sediments and ground ice with detailed grane-size composition analysis at Yenisey North / M. S. Pavlov, I. D. Streletskaya, A. G. Matyukhin, G. E. Oblogov, A. V. Surkov. - On rock weathering in Cryolithozone / D. M. Shesternev. - Fossil organic matter in permafrost deposits of northern East Siberia - contents and characteristics / L. Schirrmeister, S. Wetterich, G. Grosse, J. Strauss, C. Siegert, P. P. Overduin, H.-W. Hubberten. , Table of Contents - Čast' 4.: The influence of reservoir parameters on hydrate formation in gas wells in permafrost / E. A. Bondarev, K. K. Argunova, I. I. Rozhin. - Research features of deposits wells with abnormal low field temperature / Z. A. Vasil'eva, D. S. Djafarov. - Technogenic indicators of natural gas hydrates presence in deposits of the western part of the Siberian Platform and Yenisei-Khatanga Depression / Z. A. Vasil'eva, D. S. Dzhafarov. - The commercially viable unconventional gas sources (gas hydrates, coalbed methane and shale gas) - experience of development and prospects in Russia / E. V. Perlova. - Gas hydrate of Yamal region (Yamal Peninsular, Kara Sea's shelf) - occurance, types, resources, technogenic challenges / E. V. Perlova, S. A. Leonov, E. S. Miklyaeva, S. D. Perlov. - Variation of thermal conductivity in gas-saturated sediments during hydrate accumulation and freezing / E. M. Chuvilin, B. A. Buhanov. - Sources of natural gas in cryolithozone of Yamal Pemnsula / V. S. Yakushev. , In kyrill. Schr.

Note: Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; Abbreviations; Part I The Arctic Environment; 1 Introduction to the Arctic ,; Abstract; 1.1 Arctic Marine Area; 1.2 Law of the Sea in the Arctic Marine Area; 1.3 Arctic Council; 1.4 Arctic Policies of the EU and US; 1.4.1 EU Arctic Policy and Competences; 1.4.2 US Arctic Policy; 1.5 EU and US Marine Policy; 1.5.1 EU Maritime Policy; 1.5.2 US Ocean Policy; 1.6 Conclusion; References; 2 The Arctic Marine Environment; Abstract; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The Arctic Environment; 2.2.1 Marine Environment; 2.2.2 Land-Based Impacts on the Marine Environment. , 2.3 Specific Threats2.3.1 Climate Change; Sea Ice Reduction; Melting Glaciers and Rising Sea Levels; Greenhouse Gas Release by Melting Permafrost; Ocean Acidification; 2.3.2 Chemicals and Air Pollution; 2.3.3 Fisheries; 2.3.4 Shipping; 2.3.5 Oil and Gas Extraction; 2.3.6 Tourism; 2.3.7 Nuclear and Radioactive Waste (Including Military Use); 2.4 Conclusion; References; 3 Environmental Governance in the Marine Arctic ,; Abstract; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Environmental Governance; 3.3 Legal and Policy Framework; 3.3.1 Global Agreements and Institutions; 3.3.2 Regional and Sub-Regional Regimes. , 3.3.3 Informal Approaches and Initiatives3.4 Analysis of Governance Shortcomings; 3.5 Perspectives on the Way Forward: Policy Pathways; 3.5.1 Principles of Environmental Governance; 3.5.2 Conclusion and Questions for Discussion; References; 4 Arctic Indigenous Peoples and the Challenge of Climate Change ,; Abstract; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Arctic Indigenous Peoples; 4.2.1 Traditional Harvesting and Mixed Economies; 4.2.2 Challenges for Indigenous Societies and Culture; 4.2.3 Political and Legal Framework; 4.2.4 Arctic Cooperation. , 4.3 Climate Change Impacts, Stressors, and Indigenous Vulnerability4.3.1 Primary Impacts on Livelihoods, Harvesting, Health, and Infrastructure; 4.3.2 Impacts on Northern Economies, Societies, Cultures and Health; 4.4 Adaptive Capacity and Proposed Responses to Climate Change; 4.4.1 The Concepts of Adaptation and Adaptive Capacity; 4.4.2 Autonomous Adaptations; 4.4.3 Adaptation Planning and Governance; 4.4.4 Barriers to Adaptation; 4.5 Criticism Towards Vulnerability and Adaptation Approaches; 4.5.1 Crisis Narrative and Resilience Language; 4.5.2 Adaptation Governance as Intervention. , 4.5.3 Using Traditional Knowledge4.6 Empowerment as a Primary Response; 4.6.1 Co-management, Participatory Capacities, and Clear Outcomes of Participatory Engagement; 4.6.2 Indigenous Rights; 4.7 Conclusion: A Holistic Response; References; Part II Impacts and Activities in the Marine Arctic; 5 Status and Reform of International Arctic Fisheries Law; Abstract; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Arctic Fish Stocks, Fisheries, and Climate Change; 5.3 International Legal and Policy Framework for Arctic Fisheries Management; 5.3.1 Interests, Rights, Obligations, and Jurisdiction. , 5.3.2 Substantive Fisheries Standards.

Note: Beitr. teilw. dt., teilw. engl.

Note: Auch als: Deutsche Geodätische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften : Reihe C, Dissertationen ; 740 , Zugl.: Hannover, Univ., Diss., 2015

Note: Auch als: Deutsche Geodätische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften : Reihe C, Dissertationen ; 723 , Zugl.: Hannover, Univ., Diss., 2014

Note: Contents: 1 The Computing Sciences ; 2 The Relational Approach ; 3 Implementation ; 4 Interaction ; 5 Relational Macrostructures and Analyses ; 6 Computing as a Great Scientific Domain ; 7 Conclusion

Note: Vulnerable Systems; Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; Abbreviations; 1 Introduction and Definition of Key Terms; 2 Properties of Critical Infrastructures; 3 Challenges to Methods for the Vulnerability Analysis of Critical Infrastructures; 4 Basic Approaches; 5 Conceptual Frameworks for Vulnerability Assessment; 6 Methods of Analysis; 7 Concluding Considerations;.

Note: Introduction -- Part I. Environmental thought and action: introduction; environmental philosophy; green ideology; environmental movements -- Part II. The background to environmental policy making: introduction; rationality and power in environmental decision making; choosing the means; valuation of the environment -- Part III. Multi-level environmental governance: from global to local: introduction; greening global governance; European integration; constructing the green state; local democracy and local authorities..

Note: Contents: Part 1: Introduction ; The Global Adaptation Community Expands Its Scope ; Part 2: Urban Risk and Assessing Vulnerability at the Local Level ; Introduction: Urban Risk and Assessing Vulnerability at the Local Level ; A Region at Risk: Policy Determination Through Vulnerability Hotspot Assessment ; Developing a Framework for Assessing Coastal Vulnerability to Sea Level Rise in Southern New England, USA ; Quantifying Impacts of Potential Sea-Level Rise Scenarios on Irish Coastal Cities ; Mapping Risk and Vulnerability in São Paulo Metropolitan Region ; Water Crisis: Public Management of a Critical Situation ; Environmental Assessment and Restoration of Typhoon Morakot Disaster: A Case Study in Kaohsiung, Chinese Taipei ; Flood Risk Protection Concept for the Urban Region Geising/Altenberg in the Flood Formation Area of the Eastern Ore Mountains, Germany ; Part 3: Toward the Resilient City ; Introduction: Toward the Resilient City ; Water, Energy and Food Security in Mexico City ; Nature at the Heart of Urban Design for Resilience ; Smart City: Energy Efficiency in a New Scope ; Resilient Food Systems for Resilient Cities ; Urban Agriculture Casablanca ; Adapting Cities to Climate Change: Scenarios for Urban Neighbourhoods in the City of Essen ; Combining Urban Development with Climate Change Adaptation Using a Systems Approach ; Towards Resilient Architecture ; Towards More Resilient Water Infrastructures ; Building ‘Equitable’ Urban Resilience: The Challenge for Cities ; Climate Change and the Urban Poor: Support of the German Development Cooperation to a City in Bangladesh ; The Green Infrastructure Transect: An Organizational Framework for Mainstreaming Adaptation Planning Policies ; Part 4: Frameworks for Local Response to Climate Change: Challenges and Recommendations ; Introduction: Framework for Local Responses to Climate Change: Challenges and Recommendations ; Building Resilience in Asian Cities ; A Science-Policy Approach Towards Local Adaptation Planning: The Case of Santiago de Chile ; Participatory Action Adaptation: Tools for Increasing Climate Change Capacity and Preparedness at the Local Government Level ; Knowledge and Information for Resilient Cities ; Climate Change Guidelines for Urban Planning in the Basque Country ; Integrated Roadmapping to Shape Adaptation Processes in Metropolitan Areas ; The Significance of Adaptation Framing in Local and Regional Climate Change Adaptation Initiatives in Australia ; Decision-Making Frameworks for Adaptation to Extremes in Two Local Government Areas: Comparing and Contrasting India and Australia ; Urban Climate Governance in the Philippines, Mexico and South Africa: National- and State-Level Laws and Policies ; Space for Adapting: Reconciling Adaptation and Mitigation in Local Climate Change Plans ; The Early Experiences of Local Climate Change Adaptation in Norway Compared with That of Local Agenda 21 ; Climate Change Adaptation Plan of Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ; Integrated Climate Action: Linking Mitigation and Adaptation to Make Indonesian Cities Resilient ; Enhancing the Climate Change Adaptation Capabilities of Local Governments in Korea: Supporting Programs for Local Adaptation Plan ; Reality Check: Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam ; Part 5: Financing the Resilient City ; Introduction: Financing the Resilient City ; A Demand-Driven Approach to Development, Disaster Risk Reduction, and Climate Adaptation ; Smarter Interventions in an Age of Uncertainty ; Linking Resilience and Green Growth: How Green Business Can Contribute to More Resilient Cities in India ; Green Areas Inner-City Agreement (GAIA): How Local Enterprises Can Contribute to Local Adaptation to Climate Change ; Financing Climate Change Adaptation: The Copenhagen Case ; Challenges on the Way to Financing Urban Climate Change Adaptation

Note: Pt. 1. Introduction -- pt. 2. The challenge and its history -- pt. 3. Science, society, and public opinion -- pt. 4. Social impacts -- pt. 5. Security -- pt. 6. Justice -- pt. 7. Publics and movements -- pt. 8. Government responses -- pt. 9. Policy instruments -- pt. 10. Producers and consumers -- pt. 11. Global governance -- pt. 12. Reconstruction..

Note: German