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  • Spektralphotometrie  (167)
  • 42.55  (64)
  • Springer  (231)
  • 2015-2019
  • 1975-1979  (231)
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  • Springer  (231)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excimer ArF/XeF lasers providing high-power stimulated radiation in Ar/Xe and F lines (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 231-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Lasing in atomic lines of noble gases and fluorine, prior to excimer radiation, was observed in an electric discharge ArF/XeF excimer laser. Some Ar/Xe lines end at metastable levels, which are very important for the formation of ArF/XeF excimer molecules. Five new lasing lines of atomic fluorine have been obtained. Consideration is given to the use of lasing in atomic and molecular lines, that occurs in one burst, in investigations of the excitation kinetics of excimer states under the conditions of a high-pressure electric discharge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00883096
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties and current-voltage characteristics of discharges in waveguide gas lasers (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 277-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The paper deals with the properties andI-V characteristics of discharges in narrow capillaries used, for example, for He−Ne waveguide lasers. It has been observed that discharges in He−Ne waveguide lasers are unstable because of the strongly falling characteristic. A theory is presented which assumes that at low currents wall charges restrict the positive column to a narrow plasma channel and are the main reason for the observed falling characteristic. A numerical evaluation for helium gives results which agree well with experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882732
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Models of DNA-dye-complexes: Energy transfer and molecular structures as evaluated by laser excitation (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 333-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 87 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Energy transfer in DNA-dye-complexes after excitation in the UV down to 220 nm by means of a tunable laser was investigated. DNA of different base composition and polynucleotides were compared. The dyes proflavine, acridine orange and ethidium bromide were used. The energy transfer from DNA-bases to dye molecules was measured in dependence of the excitation wavelength and the base composition of the DNA. Models of the energy transfer from DNA to dye and of the molecular structures of the DNA-dye-complex (intercalation) could be deduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899685
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free-electron lasers and masers on curved paths (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 47-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The possibility of building free-electron lasers and masers with quasi-circular undulators is considered. The two-mirror cavity is replaced by a suitable waveguide. The magnetic field along the orbit has a continuous component superimposed on the alternating one. Besides allowing large freedom for electron guiding and focusing, the structure allows effective negative mass conditions, which may enhance the electron beam modulation when space charge effect are important. Furthermore the radiation frequency can be higher than that in a linear undulator with the same electron energy, and long interaction times are possible in a compact structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900537
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser properties of praseodymium pentaphosphate single crystals (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 345-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.55 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract PrP5O14, PrxLa1−xP5O14, and PrxY1−xP5O14 (0≦x≦1) single crystals of laser quality were synthesized and their crystallographic and optical parameters measured. Laser emissions in the visible (λ=637.4 nm) with no mirrors in place (superradiance) and also in various optical resonators have been observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900479
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous laser oscillation in diatomic molecular sodium (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 97-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract First cw laser oscillation with thresholds below 1 mW was observed for various B1Пu → X1 ∑ g + transitions of diatomic molecular sodium excited by different argon laser lines in the range of 454–488 nm. For pump powers of 0.5 W output powers up to 3 mW and single-pass gain up to 0.1 cm−1 were obtained. Some properties of the heat pipe laser system are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00890727
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optically pumped FIR-laser with variable Fabry-Perot output coupler (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 383-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An optically pumped FIR laser was operated with a copper mesh Fabr-Perot output coupler. With this device a Gaussian output beam was obtained andthe degree of coupling could be varied continuously, thus allowing optimum coupling. From the measured properties of the wire mesches grains of two FIR laser lines are calculated and the saturation intensities estimated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882614
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A magnetic tuning system for dye lasers (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 25-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new device for magnetically displacing the output mirror of a laser resonator and synchronously tilting an etalon in order to obtain single-mode tuning of a dye laser over a tuning range of at least 10 GHz is described. Comparatively large displacements with good linearity of a coil mounted on a membrane and placed inside the strong magnetic field of a ring magnet are obtained for currents in the order of several hundred milliamperes. Together with etalon flats of appropriate thickness and reflection mounted in the resonator of the laser a versatile instrument for application in intra and extra cavity spectroscopy has been developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882629
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of some reaction rates of importance in KrF lasers (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 393-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 34 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A flowing afterglow method has been used to study a number of reactions of importance in KrF lasers using NF3 as the fluorine donor. Total rate constants are reported for Kr*(3 P 2)+NF3 and Kr++NF3. The thermal energy attachment coefficient has been measured for NF3 and the cross section for the electron excitation process Kr*(3 P 2) +e→Kr*(3 P 1)+e has been estimated. The relevance of these results to discharge pumped KrF lasers is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00883445
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Argon laser with wall stabilized transverse discharge (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 193-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Planar and cylindrical discharges for argon lasers are compared by plasmatheoretical calculations. The maximum laser output power available in the two arrangements is computed in dependence of various parameters neglecting saturation mechanisms. A transverse discharge arrangement confining the positive column by two parallel walls is described and experimental laser threshold values for the current and pressure are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00883089
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation behavior of semiconductor injection lasers (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 255-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.55 ; 85.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract GaAs double heterostructure semiconductor injection lasers which now exhibit more than 25000 h cw room temperature lifetime are of great interest for future use as directly modulated transmitters for high bit-rate fiber optical communications. The effects limiting this application are modulation distortions, spectral width and additional spectral broadening in the case of modulation and spontaneous fluctuations of the output power. The dynamic and spectral behavior of injection lasers, the methods of high bit-rate modulation and the improvement of the high bit-rate modulation capability by coupling two lasers are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882730
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron energy loss spectra of dye vapors (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 185-190 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Electron energy loss studies of POPOP andp-terphenyl in the vapor phase at an incident electron energy of 25 eV have been performed. The spectra covering an energy loss between 0 and 9 eV revealed a considerable initial triplet population under electron impact excitation. The implications for electron-beam pumped vapor phase dye lasers are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00928206
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-power argon-ion laser with titanium covered beryllia discharge tube (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 229-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new type of discharge tube for high-power argon-ion lasers constructed of a segmented metal-ceramic compound system is described. Up to date, the system has been operating for 1500 h without failure. The maximum cw output is 140 W, limited by the destruction of the mirrors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00928214
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrashort-pulse generation by lasers with saturable absorbers (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 439-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A theoretical model for the ultrashort-pulse (USP) generation by lasers with saturable absorbers is presented. The gain medium is assumed to be a two-level system whereas the absorber is described by a four-level system which is characterized by a two-stage absorption process and the pertinent relaxation times. Laser dynamical equations are developed in the rate-equation approximation and boundary conditions appropriate for an unidirectional ring cavity are established. Evolution of USP is investigated for different combinations of parameter values appropriate for solid-state laser systems by computer simulation, employing a finite difference approximation for the dynamical equations. It is shown that USP output is attainable even if the cross-section of the excited-state absorption isgreater than that of the ground-state absorption and the laser is operating just above threshold. In fact, it is found that through the participation of a strong excited-state absorption the discrimination against satellite pulses is enhanced so that single-pulse output is more achievable. Furthermore, it is proposed that single picosecond pulses may be obtainable from relatively broad initial peaks by utilizing the high pulse-selection and pulse-shortening efficiency of the absorber due to the contribution of the excited-state absorption. The applicability of the present model to singlet-triplet crossing and photoisomer formation is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886165
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficient spectral narrowing and tuning of a cw dye laser with a low-loss diffraction grating (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 16 (1978), S. 297-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A grating-tuned cw dye laser with an emission bandwidth of less than 1 GHz and output power in excess of 400 mW has been constructed. This was accomplished using a newly developed holographic grating with sinusoidal groove profile, which resulted in an enhanced spectral efficiency up to 94%. The low losses and the broad spectral working range (more than 1000 Å) which can be easily covered by simple rotation make these gratings an attractive single-stage tuning element for low-gain cw lasers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885125
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tunable UV-radiation by stimulated Raman scattering in hydrogen (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 16 (1978), S. 151-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.55 ; 33
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We observed tunable UV radiation down to 175 nm by SRS of the output of a frequency-doubled dye laser in H2. The high power output of the 4th anti-Stokes to 5th Stokes line generated by the frequency doubled dye laser and the 8th anti-Stokes to 3rd Stokes line generated by the undoubled dye laser represents a broadly tunable coherent radiation source between 189 nm and 2064 nm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00930379
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple and reliable short-pulse dye laser (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 109-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A simple technique is described that allows the generation of a short pulses (1 ns) from dye lasers pumped by a much longer (7 ns) N2-laser pulse. Dye-laser pulses, either with a narrow bandwidth or a short duration, can thus be obtained with the same N2-laser pump.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00890731
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quasi-cw laser action in K5Nd(MoO4)4 (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 367-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 78.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report on room temperature quasi-cw laser action in K5Nd(MoO4)4 at a wavelength of 1.067 μm. The crystal was pumped with the 5140 Å line of an argon ion laser. Due to thermal effects actual cw lasing was not possible. Chopping the pump light with a low duty cycle of 1∶1000 leads to quasi-cw laser action and stable output power. We have determined the fundamental laser parameters: threshold pump powerA T=15 mW, slope efficiency η=22%, and internal lossesL=2.5%. In order to explain the measured relaxation oscillations, diffusion of the excited 4f-excitons is considered. According to a recently developed theory, a diffusion constant ofD=2×10−6cm2/s explains the observed results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886207
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tunable laser via F 2 + and F 2 − colour centers in the spectral region 0.88–1.25 μm (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 121-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Frequency-tunable generation by means of F 2 + and F 2 − colour centers in a LiF crystal is reported. Colour centers were created by illuminating LiF crystals with electrons of 3 meV energy at the electron current density of 1 μA/cm2. The pumping source was a ruby laser with a peak power of 20 MW, a pulse duration of 20 ns, and a repetition rate of 1 Hz. The frequency tuning is obtained in the range of 0.88–1.25 μm. Discussed are the ways of pumping of colour centers and the possibility of lasing in the spectral region of 0.85 to 2 μm in the type of colour centers under investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882641
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polarization spectroscopy with ultrashort light pulses (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 257-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 32 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have demonstrated the feasibility of Doppler-free polarization spectroscopy with a train of ultrashort pulses from a synchronously pumped mode-locked dye laser. The sensitivity of the method is compared with saturation spectroscopy with a single-mode laser.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885511
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-energy dye laser pumped by wall-ablation lamps (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 191-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A guideline for the optimum design of linear wall-ablation lamps is presented with a simple empirical formula which describes the luminescent characteristics of lamps. The absolute luminescent efficiency of the wall-ablation lamp was measured. A high-energy dye laser with a quadruple-elliptical cylindrical cavity was constructed using these lamps, and an output energy of 23.3 J (11.6 MW) was obtained with an overall efficiency of 0.31 %. The energy-flow diagram of this laser system was computed with a rate-equation analysis, and the conversion efficiency from electrical input to laser output was determined. One can expect an overall efficiency of about 2 %.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00928207
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Threshold singularities of optically pumped dye lasers (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 181-187 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A complete theoretical model for optically pumped dye lasers is studied using the rate equation approach which includes excited singlet and triplet state absorption effects. Closed-form solutions under steady-state conditions reveal a novel nonlinear threshold phenomenon: partial reabsorption of the excited laser light can lead to a discontinuous onset of laser oscillation above laser threshold. Theoretical and experimental results for a transversely and longitudinally pumped rhodamine 6G laser are presented in terms of softmode and hardmode behavior at threshold.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885253
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The external-resonator cw spin-flip Raman laser; output characteristics and spectroscopic applications (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 205-212 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The characteristics of a stable, external-resonator spin-flip Raman laser (SFRL), pumped by a cw carbon monoxide laser of controlled mode quality and spectral content, are determined using a combination of molecular spectroscopy, Raman amplifier and confocal Fabry-Perot interferometer measurements, and heterodyne detection. Single-frequency output of a free-running external-resonator is demonstrated with an inherent linewidth of 〈10 kHz and a short-term frequency jitter of ≃100 kHz. With the resonator length actively controlled to lock an axial mode frequency to the peak of the spontaneous gain, the linewidth of the SFRL output was maintained below 2 MHz. In this mode of operation, small variations in the output tuning rate, corresponding to the magnetic field dependence of the conduction-electrong-factor, were calibrated. Molecular absorption spectra obtained using gas cells both inside and outside the resonator have been used to illustrate the high resolution, wide-range tuning capability and sensitivity of the system. Lambda-doubling of the $$^2 \pi _{3/2} $$ of the Q-branch head of nitric oxide was measured for values ofJ down to 13/2, below which the splitting is less than the Doppler width. The splittings agreed with predictions using parameters obtained by conventional spectra for higherJ-values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00932399
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New FIR laser lines from optically pumped methanol analogues (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 241-242 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Several new laser lines using optically pumped deuterated methanol molecules have been discovered. These not only increase the spectral coverage of pumped methanol isotopes but may assist in the assignment of a molecular structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00932405
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficient single-mode operation of a standing-wave dye laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 399-403 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The selection of a single longitudinal mode of a dye laser can be achieved with double or triple Michelson reflectors instead of Fabry-Perot etalons inside the laser cavity. These systems can be adapted to commercial multimode dye lasers. They provide a high efficiency and a good geometrical quality of the output beam. With a 7 watt pump power (λ=514.5 nm line of the Ar+ laser), a tunable output power of 1 watt was obtained at the peak of R6G, in the main output beam; the total single-mode power, including the auxiliary output beams, exceeded 1.4 watt. These results correspond to efficiencies of 14% and 20%, respectively (24% and 30% slope efficiencies). We discuss in the text why these efficiencies are comparable to those of ring lasers. In the infrared, with a 4.5 watt pump power (red lines of a Kr+ laser), 250 mW of single-mode output power in the main output beam was obtained at 780 nm with Oxazine 750.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00930103
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
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    Spectral coincidences between CO-Laser and nitric-oxide. A reinvestigation (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 427-429 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 33 ; 35 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spectral coincidences between CO-laser lines and NO fundamental absorption lines were reinvestigated in order to resolve discrepancies between recently published papers. The absorption of CO laser radiation by NO and NO/Ar mixtures was measured and fitted by calculations using a Voigt profile for the NO line shapes. A new coincidence with a frequency offset of less than the NO Doppler width was found.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00930107
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  • 27
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    Extended spectral distribution of lasing transitions in a liquid-nitrogen cooled CO-laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 439-440 
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    Keywords: 07 ; 42.55
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A liquid-nitrogen cooled12C16O laser was operated both Q-switched and cw. A total of 276 lasing transitions were observed in cw using an intracavity grating for line selection. In the Q-switch mode, 230 lines occurred without dispersive element in the cavity.
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    A broadly tunable IR waveguide Raman laser pumped by a dye laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 235-241 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.65C ; 42.55 ; 33.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Design and performance characteristics of a tunable ir waveguide Raman laser pumped by a high power dye laser are described. Using SRS up to third Stokes order in compressed H2, the wavelength range from 0.7 to 7 μm has been covered without gaps. Taking advantage of a waveguide structure in the scattering chamber, energy conversion efficiencies better than 1% with power levels in excess of 80 kW for the third Stokes component have been achieved. The experimental results support the theoretical predictions that a 4-wave parametric process is responsible for the production of the third Stokes component.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885508
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    A free-electron laser in a uniform magnetic field (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 41-50 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 41 ; 42.55 ; 95
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The interaction of free electrons and free electromagnetic radiation, in the presence of a uniform magnetic field, can result in stimulated emission or absorption. We analyze the dynamics of single electrons by solving the classical, relativistic Lorentz force equations of motion in these combined fields. An electron may gain energy from, or lose energy to, the radiation field, depending crucially on the phase and oscillation frequency of the electron's helical motion within the superposed, circularly polarized light wave. To first order in the radiation field strength, electrons in a monoenergetic, uniformly distributed beam become spatially bunched, but there is no net energy change. To second order, however, the beam may experience a gain or loss of energy, corresponding to attenuation or amplification of radiation. We compare the bunching of this laser process to the bunching processes involved in 1) the Stanford free-electron laser and 2) the cyclotron maser, and find significant differences in each case. Our analytic results provide a clear, simple picture of the interaction process, and can be useful in exploring light amplification in astrophysical magnetic fields, the magnetosphere, or in laboratory devices.
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    A laser accelerator (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 61-65 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We show that a laser can efficiently accelerate charged particles if a magnetic field is introduced to improve the coupling between the particle and the wave. Solving the relativistic equations of motion for an electron in a uniform magnetic field and superposed, circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, we find that in energy-position phase space an electron traces out a curtate cycloid: it alternately gains and loses energy. If, however, the parameters are chosen so that the electron's oscillations in the two fields are resonant, it will continually accelerate or decelerate depending on its initial position within a wavelength of light. A laboratory accelerator operating under these resonant conditions appears attractive: in a magnetic field of 105 Gauss, and the fields of a 5×1012 W, 10 μm wavelength laser, an optimally positioned electron would accelerate to 700 MeV in only 10m.
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    A double-wavelength nitrogen-laser-pumped dye laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 97-99 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract A narrow-band tunable double-wavelength dye laser with a bandwidth of 0.1 cm−1 is described. The output at one of the wavelengths is found to be completely linearly polarized in the plane of incidence.
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    Excimer gas-discharge tunable ArF laser (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 107-108 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Intense laser oscillation has been observed from ArF molecules at 1933 Å. Excitation of the gas mixture NF3:Ar:He=1:55:630 at total pressures above 2.1 atm was produced by a transverse electric discharge. The range of fine tuning was from 1927 Å to 1936 Å. An output energy of 0.8 mJ was measured from a laser pulse 15 ns in duration.
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    Polarization properties of a single-mode gas laser in transverse magnetic fields (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 257-267 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 32.60
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of transversally applied magnetic fields on the polarization behavior of a single-mode gas laser is theoretically investigated, stressing the importance of the additivity of respective contributions influencing the time evolution of polarization parameters. By adding a new element to the existing theory, namely the contribution of magnetic-field-free regions in the active medium, and by considering the relatively large effects that small cavity anisotropies can cause, several apparent discrepancies between experiments and existing theory are resolved.
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    Feedback controlled self-excitation of optical pulses in a CW dye ring laser (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 59-63 
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    Keywords: 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract Feedback controlled self-excitation of optical pulses of nanosecond duration has been observed to occur rather reliably in a CW dye ring laser, oscillating in a traveling mode. These observations are described analytically by means of a direct time domain approach. It is shown that a steady-state Gaussian pulse whose time duration determined from the self consistency condition in terms of system characteristics describes accurately the observed pulse behaviors.
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    Intrapulse thermally induced wavelength shift in a distributed feedback dye laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 39-41 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract It is shown that when a distributed feedback dye laser is used to generate a train of picosecond pulses, the narrow lines observed in the spectrum are not longitudinal modes, but are due to the intrapulse refractive index changes caused by the heating effect of the pumping pulse.
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    Laser-fluctuation measurements in a bath of strong Gaussian noise (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 415-419 
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    Keywords: 42.55
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Remarkable intensity fluctuations were observed in the LiNdP4O12 (LNP) laser by placing a moving ground-glass plate across the ouput beam. Resonance-like behaviors were also observed by tuning the moving velocity of the ground-glass plate, with respect to relaxation oscillations. Classical rate equations including the modulation term were given to explain the observed phenomena. Similar intensity fluctuations corresponding to relaxation oscillations were observed when the LNP laser light beam was coupled to an optical fiber.
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    Efficient dye lasers pumped by a XeCl excimer laser (1979)
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    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 35-37 
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    Notes: Abstract Results of an investigation of 19 organic dyes pumped by a 1.7 MW discharge-pumped XeCl excimer laser are reported. The dye-laser emission covered a wide wavelength range from 340 nm to 710 nm.P-terphenyl shows efficient laser action. The highest energy conversion efficiency exceeds 40% in visible region. In comparison with 250 kW nitrogen laser pumping, higher efficiencies are obtained for most of these dyes in the same dye-laser configuration.
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    On the interaction of stimulated spin-flip raman scattering and stimulated recombination radiation in InSb (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 185-189 
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    Notes: Abstract We have studied the interaction of stimulated spin-flip Raman scattering and stimulated recombination radiation in n-InSb using a CW CO pump laser. A change in linewidth and output power of second Stokes spin-flip radiation is observed when the tuning curve of the first Stokes stimulated spin-flip radiation and the stimulated recombination radiation cross. The observations are explained using a simple rate equation model.
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    NdP5O14 and NdAl3(BO3)4 lasers at 1.3 μm (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 77-80 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 78.55
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    Notes: Abstract We report, for the first time, on room temperature cw laser action of NdP5O14 and NdAl3(BO3)4 at 1.3 μm wavelength. The emission cross sections of the transition4 F 3/2→4 I 13/2 are 0.24·10−19 cm2 and 1.74·10−19 cm2, respectively. The lowest observed threshold was 45 mW and the slope efficiency was nearly 10%. The minimum threshold is expected to be about 5 mW of absorbed pump light for both materials.
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    Collisional effects upon optical coherences: Experimental study in a xenon three-level system (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 83-88 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 32 ; 34 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract Laser induced nonlinear absorption profiles in a three-level system have been recorded to study the effect of elastic collisions upon optical coherences. In our particular system, the signal is due to a pure double-quantum term, where we have separated the effect of phase-interrupting collisions from the effect of velocity-changing collisions. Experimental results show that the effect of velocity-changing collisions is very small, and that broadening of the signal is due to phase-interrupting collisions mainly. We are able to determine the increase of the decay rate of the coherent superposition (the “coherence”) of two levels of same parity [Dγ 13/dp=(6.5±1) MHz/Torr] and an upper limit for the mean velocity change (ũ≲5m/s).
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  • 41
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    Dye lasers and intermolecular and intramolecular energy transfer processes (1979)
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    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 165-170 
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    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract Computer calculations of ETDL performance indicate that dye laser output can be manipulated by an appropriate choice of a donor (absorber)-acceptor (dye) couple. Studies of relevant laser induced inter- and intramolecular energy transfer processes are presented.
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  • 42
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    Small-scale instability of a pulse front traversing a resonant saturable absorber (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 221-224 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Notes: Abstract Wave front of a light pulse is shown to be unstable as it propagates through a resonant saturable absorber, if its frequency is higher than the resonance frequency of the absorber. When ΔωT 2∼1, a small-scale transverse instability with the dimension of (λl abs)1/2 grows rapidly. Its growth-rate is of the order of the small-signal-absorption length of the medium.
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    A simple transition-locked and polarization-forced multi-line oscillator for high-power CO2-laser systems (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 257-264 
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    Keywords: 42.55
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Employing injection-locking techniques an oscillator configuration was found comprising in a simple way all the features required for fusion directed high-power CO2 laser systems. The oscillator provides emission in single axial modes on rotational transitions which can be freely selected by feeding fluencies of a few mW/cm2 at the particular transition into the oscillator cavity. In the same way simultaneous emission on selectable lines can be achieved. By the same principle the oscillator can be forced to emit in any orientation of polarization. The set up is relatively simple, the alignment rather uncritical, and the operation reliable. Gaussian-shaped nanosecond pulses with low forepulse power are produced with the help of a pulse cutter and saturable multiline absorber. The set up is described and its features are demonstrated by measurements.
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    Reaction kinetics of excimer lasers using NF3 (1977)
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    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 1-3 
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    Notes: Abstract Disappearance of NF3 and appearance of NF2 and N2F2 in an excimer laser is followed quantitatively with a mass spectrometer. A model for the kinetics is presented.
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    Performance of NdLa pentaphosphate laser pumped by nanosecond pulses (1977)
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    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 55-58 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 78.60
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    Notes: Abstract NdxLa1−xP5O14 (0.25≦x≦1) single crystals, placed within a confocal optical resonator, were pumped with ruby laser fundamental and second-harmonic nanosecond pulses. In both cases laser oscillations at 1.05 μm exceeding in duration many times the pumping pulse were obtained.
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    Nonlinear absorption spectroscopy of the ethane molecule (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 343-350 
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    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract By means of nonlinear absorption spectroscopy data necessary for the interpretation of molecular spectra can be obtained in such spectral regions, where conventional spectroscopic methods yield only a quasi-continuous absorption curve. Using a Zeeman-tuned He−Ne laser at the wavelength of 3.39μm we have measured significant differences in the intensity and temperature behaviour for several ethane absorption lines, the analysis of which made possible a preliminary qualitative assignment of these lines.
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    A high-power single-mode cw dye ring laser (1977)
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    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 377-380 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract Due to spatial hole burning, standing-wave dye lasers require a large amount of selectivity inside the cavity for single-mode operation. The output power of these lasers is limited by losses caused by the frequency selecting elements. In a travelling-wave laser, on the other hand, spatial hole burning does not exist, thereby eliminating the need for high selectivity. A travelling-wave cw dye laser was realized by unidirectional operation of a ring laser, yielding single mode output powers of 1.2 W at 595 nm and of 55 mW in the UV-region with intracavity frequency doubling.
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    Instability of laser cw oscillation in the presence of a passive medium (1978)
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    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 265-270 
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    Notes: Abstract For a homogeneously broadened two-level ring laser model the stability of the cw laser oscillation in the presence of a passive medium is investigated. The passive material is treated similar to the active material, but without an external pumping mechanism. Stable and unstable regions are shown for various parameters. The stability region of the cw solution becomes extremly small for certain parameters.
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    Dynamic mode interaction in multi-mode laser diodes (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 16 (1978), S. 155-158 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 78.60 ; 85.60
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    Notes: Abstract Dynamic characteristics of laser diodes are numerically calculated on multi-mode rate equations, including spatial relaxing interaction causing mode competitions or jumps. It is revealed that the interaction effect is classified into three cases [“independent (or inhomogeneous)”, “competition (or intermediate)”, and “monopoly (or ideally homogeneous)”], that an optimum relaxing coefficient value exists to minimize relaxation oscillations in rise and decay transients, and that the optimum value is related to the relaxation period. Calculated results are discussed in comparison with the experimental results.
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    Cw oscillation at 1.05 and 1.32 μm of LiNd(PO3)4 lasers in external resonator and in resonator with directly applied mirrors (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 329-334 
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    Keywords: 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract The room temperature cw oscillation at 1.05 and 1.32 μm of lithium neodymium tetraphosphate [LiNd(PO3)4, LNP] lasers in an external resonator and, for the first time, also in a Fabry-Perot resonator with directly applied mirrors is reported. The growth and fluorescence properties of the LNP crystals are briefly described. Laser parameters such as threshold pump power, output power, differential efficiency, optical gain, emission cross section and laser modes are both measured and calculated. Laser experiments show the threshold pump power to be lower for 1.05 μm than for 1.32 μm emission because of the smaller emission cross section; the pump power density is lower for the external resonator than for the Fabry-Perot resonator because of its higher mode losses.
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    Effect of laser dye deterioration on performance (1977)
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    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 199-203 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 82.50
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    Notes: Abstract Loss of gain in a dye medium as a result of decomposition by pump photons is considered in terms of disappearance of dye molecules and the appearance of a new, single chemical product having absorption in the fluorescence band. The cases of small signal gain and saturated gain are applied to a single pass through a transversely excited amplifier. Loss of output, defined as “quantum yield of laser deterioration”,Q L , is related to the true quantum yield of molecular destruction of the dye,Q M , and other known parameters. For the experimentally common, saturated gain condition, the smallestQ L can be isQ M , which requires a photochemically bleachable dye with high gain, preferably at high concentration, in a long cavity, operating at high injection and pumping fluxes. Reversing these conditions, the highest valueQ L can be, compared withQ M , is unrestricted.
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    Measurement of the diameter of a laser beam (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 303-307 
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    Notes: Abstract A new and simple technique for measuring the effective diameter of a laser beam used in material processing is described. The time for the temperature of a spot heated by the laser beam to rise to 90% of equilibrium is compared with that predicted theoretically for a Gaussian TEM00 laser beam. A Gaussian beam diameter equivalent is thus deduced. This calculated diameter is of particular relevance to applications where the laser is used as a heat source.
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    Nonstationary intracavity stimulated raman scattering by polaritons (1978)
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    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 393-400 
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    Notes: Abstract Stimulated Raman scattering by polaritons when employing a nonlinear crystal inside the cavity of the laser with Q-switching and locked to fundamental frequency was theoretically studied. The equations were formulated describing the dynamics of the fundamental, Stokes and polariton waves under the assumption of instant Q-switching and uniformity of radiation except in the longitudinal direction. Numerical solutions of the equations were found and analysed. We demonstrate the influence, on generation characteristics, of the most important parameters, such as the effective nonlinearity, the initial level of population inversion, the feedback of the Stokes wave and the group mismatch between a Stokes and a pump wave. Optimum generation conditions are determined. Possibilities of the method are discussed for the generation of a) giant pulses which are controllable with regard to carrier frequency and duration but are unachievable with other methods, b) Stokes pulses of very small duration and high energy having sharp trailing edges, and c) analogous polariton pulses in the middle and far infrared range. The generation using a number of polariton branches in LiNbO3 was considered as an example. Calculations are in qualitative agreement with experimental data.
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    High-power tunable IR Raman lasers (1978)
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    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 211-232 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Physical principles, new ways and means of creation, schemes, characteristics and features of efficient high-power tunable pulse Raman lasers, operating in the near and middle ir are reviewed. The paper includes: tunable dye and Nd lasers as pump sources; promising active media and their optimal excitation methods; optical systems for producing spatially homogeneous pumping; the physics of Raman oscillators and their practical schemes, efficient high pulse energy liquid N2 and compressed H2 Raman oscillators, covering several bands in the range between 1.4 and 9.2 μm; the physics and construction of efficient tunable Raman amplifiers-convertors, amplifying in the saturation regime of spontaneously scattered or beforehand produced and collimated external Stokes signals, obtained in the spectral range between 0.83 μm and 18 μm. Raman laser using a, so-called, broadband pump where the linewidth of pumping light is broader than the spontaneous scattering linewidth, are also discussed. Features of both amplification and oscillation regimes of such broadband pumped Raman lasers are reported, and conditions for the efficient frequency conversion are determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886950
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    Multiwatt optically pumped ammonia laser operation in the 12–13 μm (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 317-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Design and operating caracteristics of high pulse repetition rate NH3 laser producing up to 20 W of average output power are described. The NH3 laser, operating in the 12–13 μm region was optically pumped with a high pulse repetition rate TEA CO2 laser. Dependences of the NH3 laser output on the pump energy, ammonia and buffer gas pressures and pulse repetition rate have been studied. The conversion efficiency of up to 16% has been received.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886961
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    Measurement of the transition strength of the 00o2 9.4 μm sequence band in CO2 using a tunable diode laser (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 349-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 35 ; 42.55 ; 42.68
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the first accurate measurements of the transition strengths and linewidths of the 00o2 9.4 μm sequence lines of CO2. This sequence band is found to be very similar to the regular 00o1 laser band, except for an experimentally determined factor of 1.89±0.12 increase in transition strength (if the CO2 molecule is treated as a simple harmonic oscillator the theoretical increase in transition strength is 2.0). The laser absorption spectrometer used for these measurements can detect absorption coefficients in CO2 of ≈10−7 m−1, and we discuss the feasibility of using this sensitivity to monitor rare isotopic forms of CO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886204
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  • 57
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    Tunable simultaneous double-wavelength operation of a cw CO2 laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 243-245 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Stable step-tunable simultaneous double-wavelength emission from any branch combination of the 9.6 and 10.6 μm bands of a cw CO2 laser is reported in which the relative strengths of the two signals may be controlled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00932406
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  • 58
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    Tunable coherent radiation source covering a spectral range from 185 to 880 nm (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 177-181 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65 ; 33
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have studied experimentally stimulated Raman scattering and 4-wave-interaction processes occuring in hydrogen gas, which is excited by a Nd:YAG-pumped dye laser. The tuning ranges of the various Stokes and anti-Stokes lines, which are generated with high efficiency, cover the spectrum from 185 to 880 nm without a gap.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934413
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  • 59
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    Influence of collisional coupling on the energy extraction from theB, C, andD state in KrF (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 129-134 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 33 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Collisional coupling between theB, C, andD states of KrF is measured in a discharge pumped KrF laser. Detection of the time resolved populations in the three states via measurement of the side fluorescence in theB→X, C→A, andD→X bands is used to record the collisional relaxation from theC andD state to theB state during laser emission. The experimentally determined limits for the collisional coupling times are τB-C≦1 ns and τB-D,τC-D〈20 ns at total pressures of 2 bar. Investigation of theB→X fluorescence band shows that the vibrational manifold of theB state is not thermalized during laser emission. TheV-V,T coupling time is estimated to be τV-V,T=4±2 ns. The influence of collisional coupling on energy extraction in the KrF laser is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885933
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  • 60
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    Influence of the inversion depletion in the active medium on the evolution of ultrashort pulses in passively mode-locked solid-state lasers (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 237-245 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An analytical treatment of the ultrashort-pulse generation in a solid-state laser is given taking into account gain saturation. The probability for the breakdown of the picosecond-pulse evolution caused by the amplification depletion is calculated. The influence of the active medium saturation on the satellite-pulse probability is investigated. Both probabilities characterize the mode-locking behaviour of the laser system and are calculated for various laser parameters to find an optimum laser regime.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886024
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    Coherent γ-emission by stimulated annihilation of electron-positron pairs (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 127-130 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The possibility of using stimulated emission from the recombination of electron-positron pairs for obtaining coherent γ-rays is considered. The critical number of pairs needed for the process is calculated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900548
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  • 62
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    CW HCN laser gain in a hollow dielectric rectangular cross-section discharge tube (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 359-361 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes a 1 m-long CW HCN discharge laser with a hollow dielectric rectangular discharge tube of 5×20 cm2 cross-section. For optimum working conditions, the characteristics of the amplifying medium have been made constant over the cross-section, by using an additional magnetic field. Then, the unsaturated gain for the 337 μm line is 6.8% m−1. It is shown to be dependent on the smaller dimension of the cross-section rather than on the other dimension. By using the tube as a waveguide, laser output power of 1 Watt might be obtained with a discharge length of 4 m, instead of the 12m-long discharge required to get the same output power from a cylindrical waveguide laser.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900481
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    Selective laser excitation of bases in nucleic acids (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 257-259 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 87 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Selective electronic excitation of single kinds of DNA bases were performed with dye lasers. Different DNA-dye-complexes were used and the selective excitation could be proved by the varying strength of the interaction between the bases and the dye molecules.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886028
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    Powerful laser systems with phase conjugation by SMBS mirror (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 261-264 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The method of Stimulated Mandelshtam-Brillouin Scattering (SMBS) is utilized in a powerful laser to obtain better transverse beam quality by phase conjugation. The principle is explained, and the conclusions are substantiated by experimental results.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886029
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    Spectrophotometric determination of palladium by means of 2-chlorophenothiazine (1976)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 279 (1976), S. 208-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Palladium mit 2-Chlorphenothiazin ; Spektralphotometrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00424116
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    Mesityl oxide as an extractant for titanium(IV) as its thiocyanate complex (1976)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 279 (1976), S. 364-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Titan(IV) ; Spektralphotometrie ; Extraktion als Thiocyanat mit Mesityloxid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429515
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    Spectrophotometric determination of traces of cobalt with 6-nitro-quinoxaline-2,3-dithiol (1976)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 278 (1976), S. 127-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kobalt mit 6-Nitrochinoxalin-2,3-dithiol ; Spektralphotometrie ; Spuren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432574
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    Study of complexes involved in the determination of copper using 4-(2-Pyridylazo)resorcinol (1976)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 278 (1976), S. 285-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kupfer mit 4-(2-Pyridylazo)-resorcin ; Spektralphotometrie ; Untersuchung der Komplexe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00445642
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    Electrothermal AAS studies of Sm, Eu, Dy, and Er separated from uranium (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 298 (1979), S. 367-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Lanthaniden, Europium, Dysprosium, Erbium, Samarium in Uran ; Spektralphotometrie ; Atomabsorption ; Graphitofen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Studies were conducted on the assay of Sm, Eu, Dy and Er separated from uranium using aqueous standards by electrothermal AAS with Massmann type graphite furnace. The working curves were found to be linear in the ranges Sm (1–10 μg/ml), Eu (0.05–0.6 μg/ml), Dy (0.1–0.8 μg/ml) and Er (0.1–1.0 μg/ml). The values obtained for synthetic samples agreed favourably with those obtained by emission spectrographic method. Experiments using pyrolytic carbon coated tubes with and without pretreatment by La, Ta and Y have shown an enhancement with treatment upto a maximum of 15% and improve the memory effect marginally. The effect of Ta treatment was found to be singularly useful in improving the general behaviour of Sm. The interference effects of lanthanides, other than the analyte, were found to be negligible. However, the presence of uranium was found to affect the absorbance. The absorbance of Eu was found to be nearly independent of uranium after an initial increase. On the other hand, the absorbance of other elements studied was found to drastically decrease after an initial enhancement. Detailed investigations of temperature dependence of absorbance were carried out using Eu, Dy and Er. The differences in the behaviour of these elements is attributed to probable differences in the modes of their atomization.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchungen wurden mit Hilfe des Graphitrohrofens nach Maßmann durchgeführt. In folgenden Bereichen ergaben sich lineare Eichkurven: Sm 1–10 μg/ml, Eu 0,05–0,6 μg/ml, Dy 0,1–0,8 μg/ml, Er 0,1μ-1,0 μg/ml. Die aus synthetischen Proben erhaltenen Ergebnisse stimmten gut mit den durch Emissionsspektrographie erhaltenen überein. Versuche wurden mit Röhren mit pyrolytischen Kohlenstoffüberzug mit und ohne Vorbehandlung durch La, Ta und Y durchgeführt und ergaben eine bis 15%ige Steigerung durch die Behandlung sowie eine mäßige Besserung des Memoryeffektes. Eine Behandlung mit Ta war besonders für Sm vorteilhaft. Störungen durch andere Lanthanide waren vernachlässigbar. Uran beeinflußte jedoch die Absorption. Im Falle von Eu zeigte sich nach anfänglicher Zunahme fast eine Unabhängigkeit, während bei den anderen untersuchten Elementen nach anfänglicher Zunahme eine beträchtliche Abnahme auftrat. Mit Eu, Dy und Er wurde ebenfalls die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Absorption untersucht. Festgestellte Unterschiede im Verhalten werden auf unterschiedliche Atomisierung zurückgeführt.
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    Spectrophotometric determination of vitamin D2 (calciferol) by reaction with HCl and tetrachloroethane (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 293 (1978), S. 416-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best von Vitamin D2 ; Spektralphotometrie ; HCl, Tetrachloräthan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00471467
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    Spectrophotometric determination of picric acid with zinc and ammonium chloride (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 293 (1978), S. 416-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Pikrinsäure ; Spektralphotometrie ; Zink und Ammoniumchlorid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00471468
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    Spectrophotometric determination of uranium(VI) with Chlorophosphonazo III after tri-n-octylamine extraction (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 284-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Uran(VI) mit Chlorphosphonazo III ; Spektralphotometrie ; Trioctylamin-Extraktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481652
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    Indirect spectrophotometric determination of phosphate using the reaction between cerium(III) and xylenol orange (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 285-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Phosphat in Ferrosilicium ; Spektralphotometrie ; Cer/Xylenolorange, indirekt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481654
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    Extraction and spectrophotometric determination of cobalt as pyridine-azide mixed ligand complex (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 413-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kobalt mit Pyridin und Azid ; Spektralphotometrie ; Aussalzungsmittel, Mischkomplex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00468540
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    Optimierung der spektralphotometrischen Uran(VI)-Bestimmung mit Arsenazo III in starksauren Lösungen (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 292 (1978), S. 43-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Uran(VI) mit Arsenazo III ; Spektralphotometrie ; starksaure Lösung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481329
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    Spektralphotometrische Bestimmung von Thallium(I)- und Dimethylthalliumverbindungen in geringen Konzentrationen (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 292 (1978), S. 46-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Thallium(I), Dimethylthalliumverbindungen ; Spektralphotometrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481332
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    Indirect photometric determination of microamounts of cerium(IV) using iron(III)-resacetophenone oximate complex (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 270-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Cer(IV) ; Spektralphotometrie ; indirekt, Fe(III)-Resacetophenonoximat-Komplex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481492
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    Zum Einsatz der Anthronmethode für die Kohlenhydratbestimmung in Huminsäuren (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 299 (1979), S. 264-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kohlenhydraten in Huminsäuren ; Spektralphotometrie ; Anthronmethode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine modifizierte Anthronmethode zur Bestimmung des Kohlenhydratgehaltes in Fraktionen von Huminsäure-Blei(II)-Chelatverbindungen, die mit chemischen und gelchromatographischen Methoden getrennt wurden, wird beschrieben. Um die Störung der Methode durch die Absorption der Huminsäuren, die mit abnehmender Wellenlänge ansteigt, gering zu halten, wird die Extinktion des Anthron-Kohlenhydrat-Reaktionsproduktes bei 620 nm gemessen. Die Huminsäurekonzentration darf 0,1 g/dl nicht überschreiten. Da die molare Extinktion des Anthron-Reaktionsproduktes von der Art des Kohlenhydrates abhängt, wird der Kohlenhydratgehalt auf das Hauptkohlenhydrat des Huminsäurehydrolysats berechnet (d.h. Glucose).
    Notes: Summary A modified anthrone method is described for the determination of carbohydrates in fractions of lead(II)-chelate compounds of humic acids separated with chemical as well as gel-chromatographic methods. To reduce the disturbance of the method by the absorption of humic acids increasing with the decrease of wavelength, the absorbance of the anthronecarbohydrate reaction products is measured at 620 nm and the humic acid concentration is not allowed to exceed 0.1 g/dl. Because the molar absorptivity of the anthrone reaction-products depends on the type of carbohydrate investigated, the content is calculated for the main carbohydrate of the humic-acid hydrolysate (i.e. glucose).
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    Formazane als funktionelle Gruppen chelatbildender Ionenaustauscher. I (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 366-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Quecksilber, Silber mit Formazanen ; Spektralphotometrie ; chelatbildende Ionenaustauscher
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Darstellung substituierter Formazane und ihre chemische Fixierung an Cellulose, amino- und chlormethyliertem Polystyrol wird beschrieben. Die Kapazitäten der Austauscher liegen zwischen 0,05 mÄq/g (Cellulose) und 0,6 mÄq/g (Polystyrol). In neutralem Medium zeigen sie eine besondere Affinität zu Hg(II), Pd(II) und Ag(I), aber keine Affinität zu Cu(II). Weiterhin wurde eine spektrophotometrische Bestimmung von Hg(II) und Ag(I) mit dem wasserlöslichen Formazan (FII)-NO2 ausgearbeitet [Hg(II): ɛ546=23 000 l Mol−1 cm−1, Ag(I): ɛ546 =38 000 l Mol−1 cm−1].
    Notes: Summary The preparation of substituted formazans and their fixation on cellulose, amino- and chloromethylated polystyrene is described. The capacities of the exchangers vary from 0.05 meq/g (cellulose) to 0.6 meq/g (polystyrene). They show in neutral medium greater affinity to Hg(II), Pd(II) and Ag(I), but no affinity to Cu(II). Further, a spectrophotometric determination of Hg(II) and Ag(I) with the watersoluble formazan (FII)-NO2 has been worked out. [Hg(II): ɛ546=23 000 l Mol−1 cm−1, Ag(I): ɛ546=38 000 l Mol−1 cm−1].
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00539705
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    Über die analoge on-line-Differentiation höherer Ordnung zur Feinauflösung von UV-Visible-Spektren und anderen elektrischen Meßsignalen (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 292 (1978), S. 233-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Spektralphotometrie ; Ableitungen höherer Ordnung, Analogdifferenzierer, Derivativverfahren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über eine neu entwickelte Analog-Recheneinheit berichtet, mit der man Ableitungen von Spektren und anderen Meßsignalen erstmalig bis zur 7. Ordnung on-line verwirklichen kann. Wie die Prüfungen ergaben, ist die optimale Auflösung in den meisten Fällen mit der 4. Ableitung erreicht. Dann sind nämlich alle Schultern und Wendepunkte der Kurven in bipolare Signale übergeführt. Eine Aufstellung der wichtigsten bisherigen Anwendungsgebiete wird gegeben.
    Notes: Summary This report deals with a newly developed analogue computing accessory by which derivations of spectra and other electric signals up to the seventh order were realized on-line. A thorough study of this apparatus showed that in most cases fine-resolving is reached by the fourth derivation. In this case, all shoulders and points of inflections are resolved to bipolar signals. A number of examples for applying derivative spectrophotometry of higher order (DSHO-method) is also given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00491814
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  • 81
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    Application of the orthogonal functions to spectrophotometric analysis (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 292 (1978), S. 400-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Bestimmung von Meclozin, Pyridoxin in pharmazeutischen Produkten ; Spektralphotometrie ; Orthogonalfunktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A rapid spectrophotometric method for the analysis of tablets containing the title compounds without preliminary separation is developed. Thus, pyridoxine is determined by measurement at λ max while the six-points quadratic orthogonal polynomial has been used to determine meclozine. The mean percentage recoveries (8 determinations) were found to be 101.71±0.64 and 99.77±0.62% (P=0.05) for meclozine and pyridoxine hydrochlorides, respectively. Neither the Vierordt's nor the absorbance ratio methods gave accurate results as the proposed method. The method was applied successfully to the analysis of market preparations.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurde ein Verfahren zur schnellen Bestimmung der beiden Verbindungen ohne Vortrennung ausgearbeitet. Pyridoxin wird durch Messung beim Absorptionsmaximum von 292 nm bestimmt, Meclozin wird mit Hilfe eines quadratischen Sechspunkte-Orthogonalpolynoms berechnet. Die Wiederfindungsrate (8 Bestimmungen) lag bei 101,71±0,64 bzw. 99,77±0,62% (P=0,05). Vergleichsbestimmungen nach der Methode von Vierordt und dem Verfahren der Extinktionsverhältnisse gaben weniger genaue Resultate. Die vorgeschlagene Methode wurde mit gutem Erfolg auf handelsübliche Präparate angewendet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481561
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  • 82
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    Extraction and spectrophotometric determination of nickel with potassium ethyl xanthate (1976)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 278 (1976), S. 364-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Nickel mit Äthylxanthat ; Spektralphotometrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00531103
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  • 83
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    BTM, TBTM und SBTM-Reagentien für photometrische Bestimmungsverfahren — aus 4(6)-Amino-2-chalkogeno-uracilen (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 293 (1978), S. 220-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Magnesium ; Spektralphotometrie ; Trimethin-Reagentien aus Aminochalkogenuracilen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bekanntlich werden Trimethinfarbstoffe, als Reagentien für die photometrische Magnesiumbestimmung, durch die Kondensation von Malonaldehyd und Barbitursäure bzw. ihren Derivaten hergestellt. Auf ähnliche Weise erhält man mit 4(6)-Amino(2)-chalkogeno-uracilen und Malonaldehyd die Ammoniumsalze der Trimethinfarbstoffe, die sich ohne weitere Aufarbeitung als Reagentien für die photometrische Bestimmung einsetzen lassen. Die Herstellung der Verbindungen wird beschrieben.
    Notes: Summary It is known that trimethine dyes used for the photometrie determination of magnesium ions can be prepared by the condensation of malonicaldehyde with barbituric acid or its derivatives; In a similar way it is possible to use 4(6)-amino-2-chalcogeno-uracils giving with malonicaldehyde ammonium salts of the trimethine dyes, which are suited for the photometric determination without further manipulations. The preparation is described.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00491051
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  • 84
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    2-carboxy-2′-hydroxy-3′,5′-dimethylazobenzene-4-sulphonic acid (CHDMAS) as a spectrophotometric reagent for the simultaneous determination of nickel(II) and cobalt(II) (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 293 (1978), S. 304-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Nickel, Kobalt mit 2-Carboxy-2′-hydroxy-3′,5′-dimethylazobenzol-4-sulfonsäure ; Spektralphotometrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00491333
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  • 85
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    Die Mechanisierung der photometrischen Analyse mit den Bausteinen der Flüssigkeits-Chromatographie (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 356-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Spektralphotometrie ; Mechanisierung, Prinzip, Optimierung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Prinzip der Automatisierung der photometrischen Analyse mit kontinuierlichem Reagentienfluß und die speziellen Vorteile der Verwendung von Bausteinen der Flüssigkeits-Chromatographie werden ausführlich diskutiert. Die Optimierung folgender Parameter wird besprochen: Verweilzeit (Reaktionszeit), Einspritzmenge, Pumpgeschwindigkeit, Säulenabmessungen, Partikeldurchmesser.
    Notes: Summary The principle of automation of photometric analysis by the continuous flow method and the particular advantages of the use of component parts of liquid chromatography are discussed in detail. The optimization of the following parameters is pointed out: residence (reaction) time, injection volume, pumping rate, column dimensions and particle diameter.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00468522
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  • 86
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    Spectrophotometric determination of vanadium in steel with N-Hydroxy-N-phenyl-N′-p-tolylbenzamidine (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 47-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Vanadium in Stahl ; Spektralphotometrie ; Hydroxyphenyl-p-tolylbenzamidin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00490948
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  • 87
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    Analytische Bestimmung von Aniontensiden in Schweb- und Sinkstoffen sowie Klärschlämmen (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 393-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Tensiden in Wasser ; Spektralphotometrie ; Aniontenside, Reinigungsstufen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Aniontenside werden an Feststoffen der Gewässer wie auch der Kläranlagen adsorbiert und teilweise angereichert. Ihre analytische Bestimmung erfordert eine mehrstufige Vorarbeit. Sie führt über die Extraktion des Probengutes, die Abtrennung der Tenside von Störstoffen durch Ausblasen (grobe Vorreinigung) und die chromatographische Reinigung der Rohfraktion auf Kieselgelschichten. Die Konzentration der reinen Tensidfraktion kann colorimetrisch oder IR-spektrometrisch bestimmt werden.
    Notes: Summary Anion tensides are adsorbed on solids in surface waters and sewage treatment plants and enriched to some extent. Their analytical determination requires multi-stage preparations, including sampling, separation of the tensides from disturbing material by air stripping (rough preliminary cleaning), and chromatographic cleaning of the raw fraction on silica gel. The concentration of the pure tenside fraction can be determined colorimetrically or by way of IR spectrometry.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00539711
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  • 88
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    Selective and sensitive spectrophotometric determination of Vanadium(V) with p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and Hydroxyamidine (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 297 (1979), S. 159-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Vanadium(V) mit p-Hydroxybenzaldehyd und Hydroxyamidin ; Spektralphotometrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00483599
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  • 89
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    Photometric determination of some aromatic aldehydes with barbituric acid and of barbituric acid with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 292 (1978), S. 302-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Aldehyden, aromat. mit Barbitursäure ; Spektralphotometrie. Best. von Barbitursäure mit p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyd ; Spektralphotometrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00493705
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  • 90
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    Schnelle Bestimmung von Uranspuren in Wasser und Meerwasser (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 292 (1978), S. 359-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Uran in Wasser ; Spektralphotometrie ; Arsenazo, Fällg. mit Al-Phosphat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zur schnellen und genauen Bestimmung von Uranspuren in natürlichen, auch salzhaltigen Wässern, wird Uran durch Spurenfällung mit Aluminiumphosphat abgetrennt. Durch Auflösen des mit Zinkpulver vermengten Niederschlages erfolgt Reduktion zu U(IV), das mit Arsenazo III bestimmt wird. Der Extinktionskoeffizient beträgt 97000 cm2/Mol.
    Notes: Summary For the precise and accurate determination of uranium in natural, even saline, waters, it is separated by coprecipitation with Al-phosphate. The precipitate is mixed with zinc powder, dissolved and thus reduced to U(IV), which is determined with Arsenazo III. The molar absorptivity is 97000 cm2/mol.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481551
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  • 91
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    A new method for separation and spectrophotometric determination of phosphate ion by the liquid-liquid extraction with benzophenone at an elevated temperature (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 293 (1978), S. 23-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Phosphat neben Silicium, Arsen, Germanium ; Spektralphotometrie ; Extraktion mit Benzophenon, Molybdatmethode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A new type of separation of phosphate ion, along with its spectrophotometric determination, was established by liquid-liquid extraction, where the yellow heteropoly acid formed by the reaction with ammonium molybdate in acid solution is quantitatively extracted into molten benzophenone at a temperature of about 60° C. When cooled down to room temperature, the benzophenone extract converts from the liquid state to the solid state. The resulting solidified extract is dissolved in methyl propionate, and the phosphate ion in the solvent is determined spectrophotometrically by the blue heteropoly acid method. Possible interference by Si, As and Ge is eliminated by the separation procedure.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei dem beschriebenen Verfahren wird die mit Ammoniummolybdat in saurer Lösung gebildete gelbe Heteropolysäure bei 60° C in geschmolzenes Benzophenon extrahiert. Dieses wird durch Abkühlen verfestigt, in Methylpropionat gelöst und in dieser Lösung das Phosphat spektralphotometrisch als blaue Heteropolysäure bestimmt. Si, As und Ge, die ebenfalls mit Molybdat reagieren, werden durch die Extraktion abgetrennt.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481995
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  • 92
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    Isonitrosodibenzoylmethane as an extractant and colorimetric reagent for palladium and ruthenium (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 298 (1979), S. 158-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Palladium, Ruthenium ; Spektralphotometrie ; Isonitrosodibenzoylmethan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00521661
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  • 93
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    Spectrophotometric determination of ruthenium(III) with 3-hydroxy-3-(p-dimethyl-aminophenyl)1-phenyltriazene (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 298 (1979), S. 160-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Ruthenium(III) mit 3-Hydroxy-3-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-1-phenyltriazen ; Spektralphotometrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00521664
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  • 94
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    Spectrophotometric determination of arylidenemalononitrile derivatives using m-dinitrobenzene (1975)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 125-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Arylidenmalonnitrilen ; Spektralphotometrie ; Dinitrobenzol als Reagens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00602084
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  • 95
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    Spectrophotometric determination of cobalt with tiron (1975)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 127-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kobalt mit Tiron ; Spektralphotometrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00602087
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  • 96
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    Spectrophotometric determination of copper in the presence of nickel and cobalt using the girard-T derivative of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (1975)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 127-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kupfer neben Nickel und Kobalt ; Spektralphotometrie ; Girard-T-deriv. von Hydroxynaphthaldehyd
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00602086
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  • 97
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    Photometrische Bestimmung von Tellur in selenhaltigem Automatenstahl (1975)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 128-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Tellur in Stahl ; Spektralphotometrie ; Se-haltiger Automatenstahl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00602088
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  • 98
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    Comparison of reagents for the spectrophotometric determination of microamounts of zirkonium (1975)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 277 (1975), S. 206-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Zirkonium ; Spektralphotometrie ; Reagentienvergleich
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00462240
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  • 99
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    Note on the determination of traces of o-dichlorobenzene in aqueous solutions by UV-spectrophotometry (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 296 (1979), S. 45-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von o-Dichlorbenzol ; Spektralphotometrie ; UV
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481171
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  • 100
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    Spectrophotometric determination of p-methylaminophenol sulphate (metol) (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 296 (1979), S. 46-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von p-Methylaminophenolsulfat, Metol ; Spektralphotometrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481172
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