ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: This comprehensive textbook presents an overview of petroleum geoscience for geologists active in the petroleum industry, while also offering a useful guide for students interested in environmental geology, engineering geology and other aspects of sedimentary geology. In this second edition, new chapters have been added and others expanded, covering geophysical methods in general and electromagnetic exploration methods in particular, as well as reservoir modeling and production, unconventional resources and practical petroleum exploration

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Basic Concepts of Ecology / S. W. F. van der Ploeg. - Ecology: Some Definitions. - The Science of Ecology. - Organization Levels of Ecological Systems. - Species and lndividuals. - The Abiotic Environment. - The Biotic Environment. - Limiting Factors. - Adaptation. - Habitat and Niche. - Populations. - lntroduction. - Natality, Mortality and Dispersal. - Dispersion. - Limiting Factors. - Competition. - Communities. - Introduction. - The Structure of Communities. - Species Diversity and Dominance. - Communities Along Environmental Gradients. - Ecosystems. - Introduction. - Trophic Structure. - Production. - Biogeochemical Cycles. - Succession and Steady State. - Succession. - The Climax Concept. - Steady State and Stability in Ecological Systems. - Major Ecosystems of the World. - lntroduction. - Terrestrial Ecosystems. - Freshwater Ecosystems. - Marine Ecosystems. - Ecology and Environmental Problems. - lntroduction. - Pollution. - Exploitation. - Environmental Disruption. - Human Population Growth. - References. - Natural Radionuclides in the Environment / R. Fukai, Y. Yokoyama. - Introduction. - Characteristics of Natural Radionuclides. - Classification of Natural Radionuclides. - Terrigenous Radionuclides. - Cosmogenic Radionuclides. - Abundance in the Environment. - Radiation Effects. - Application of Geochemical Tracers. - Transport Processes. - Mixing Processes. - Sedimentation Processes. - Exchange Processes. - Pathway lndicators. - References. - The Nitrogen Cycles / R . Söderlund, T. Rosswall. - lntroduction. - Basic Chemical Considerations. - Chemical Transformations of Nitrogen Compounds in the Environment. - lntroduction. - Nitrogen Fixation. - Mineralization and Immobilization. - Nitrification. - Denitrification and Nitrate Assimilation. - Abiotic Nitrogen Transformation. - Global lnventories of Nitrogen. - lntroduction. - Atmospheric lnventories. - The Aquatic System. - The Terrestrial System. - Global Fluxes. - The Ammonia Cycle. - The NOx Cycle. - The N2/N2O Cycle. - Organic Nitrogen Transfers. - The Global Nitrogen Cycle. - References. - The Carbon Cycle / A. J. Zehnder. - lntroduction. - The Global Carbon Cycle. - Carbon Balance in a Terrestrial Ecosystem. - Carbon Balance in the Ocean. - Photosynthesis. - Photosynthetic Energy Conversion. - Calcite Precipitation as a Result of Photosynthesis. - The Carbon Dioxide Problem. - Sources of Carbon Dioxide. - Sinks of Carbon Dioxide. - Global Warming. - Environmental Responses to a Variation in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. - Content. - Biological Cycle of Carbon Dioxide. - References. - Molecular Organic Geochemistry / P. A. Schenck, J. W. de Leeuw. - lntroduction. - Normal Alkanes. - Acyclic lsoprenoid Hydrocarbons. - Steroids. - Occurrence and Diagenesis. - Steroids as Biological Markers. - Triterpenoids. - Occurrence and Diagenesis. - Triterpenoids as Biological and Maluration Markers. - Diterpenoids. - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. - Epilogue. - References. - Radiation and Energy Transport in the Earth Atmosphere System / J. Bolle. - Introduction. - Nomenclature, Symbols and Units. - Structure of the Atmosphere and the Oceans. - Radiation Terminology. - Elementary Radiation Processes. - Relations Between Electromagnetic and Optical Properties of Matter. - Molecular Scattering. - Deduction of the Rayleigh Scattering Coefficient and Phase Function. - Aerosol Scattering. - Representation of Aerosol Size Distributions. - Absorption. - Emission Under Thermodynamic Equilibrium Conditions. - Non-Thermal Emissions in the Upper Atmosphere. - Atmospheric Radiation Field. - Solar Radiation. - Atmospheric Longwave Radiation. - Radiation Properties of Clouds. - Radiative Properties of Earth Surfaces. - Basis for the Theoretical Treatment of Radiative Transfer. - General Energy Budget Equations for an Earth-Atmosphere System. - Energy Fluxes at the Top of the Atmosphere. - Solar Irradiance. - Planetary Albedo. - Terrestrial Longwave Radiation. - Equilibrium Condition. - Energy Fluxes at the Earth Surface. - Radiation Budget. - Partitioning of Radiant Energy. - Heat Flux into the Ground. - Flux of Sensible Heat into the Atmosphere. - Flux of Latent Heat. - Energy Used for Photosynthesis. - Summary on the Partitioning of Energy at the Surface. - Energy Fluxes in the Atmosphere. - Heat and Mechanical Energy Fluxes. - Deposition of Energy in the Atmosphere. - Energy Transports and Exchanges in the Atmosphere-Ocean System. - General Remarks. - Circulation Pattern in the Atmosphere and in the Oceans. - Heat Transport by the Oceans. - Energy Budget of the Earth-Atmosphere System. - Effects of Changes in the Concentration of Atmospheric Constituents on energy Fluxes and Surface Temperatures. - Climate Research Aspects. - Climatic Impacts of Specific Atmospheric Constituents. - Monitoring of Climatc Parameters. - Monitoring Strategy. - Baseline Stations. - Uppcr Atmosphere Monitoring. - List of Symbols. - Frequently Used Numerical Values. - References. - Subject Index.