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  • Geophysik, Meteorologie, Ozeanographie
  • geophysics
  • 2020-2024  (43)
Collection
Keywords
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Language
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Advances in On- and Offshore Archaeological Prospection (2024)
    Universitätsverlag Kiel | Kiel University Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The publication at hand are the proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Archaeological Prospection held between March 28 and April 1, 2023, in Kiel, Germany - as part of ROOTS cluster of excellence. The content of the articles ranges from local to large-scale case studies all over the world and from various archaeological times, over methodological improvements, new processing and visualization techniques to a special session on marine and wetland prospection. Thus, the collection of articles summarizes the state of the art of prospection methods for on- and offshore archaeological investigations.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: archaeological prospection ; archaeology ; geophysics ; remote sensing ; subsurface imaging ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology::NKX Archaeological science, methodology and techniques ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVG Geophysics
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    The role of historical-archaeological sources integrated into the GIS environment with geological and geophysical data in the mitigation of geological risks in some urban areas (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-22
    Description: Numerous geological risks characterise urban areas, one of the most undervalued of which is the sinkhole risk connected to underground cavities. In the Lazio Region, the subsoil of many beautiful art cities like Rieti and Viterbo is rich in underground cavities, mainly anthropogenic because of their thousand-year history and the geological substrate’s peculiar characteristics. These cavities have very different ages and types, the oldest dates back to the Etruscan and Archaic times. However, their excavation continued uninterrupted during the Roman and Medieval times until the Second World War, when many were readapted as bomb shelters. An interdisciplinary approach that combines geological and geotechnical aspects integrated by geophysics with historical and archaeological data in a GIS project can allow an efficient census of these cavities, defining not only their morphology and their functions but also hypothesising their continuation in unexplored or collapsed traits. Such a census is indispensable to estimate and, therefore, mitigate the sinkhole’s risk and better define risk, including the seismic response of a subsoil articulated and altered by many levels of underground cavities.
    Description: Published
    Description: 50-57
    Description: OSA2: Evoluzione climatica: effetti e loro mitigazione
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Historical cartography ; GIS ; sinkhole ; anthropic cavities ; geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Superconducting Gravimeter Data from Serrahn - Level 1 (2024)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-25
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The International Geodynamics and Earth Tide Service (IGETS) was established in 2015 by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). IGETS continues the activities of the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP, 1997-2015) to provide support to geodetic and geophysical research activities using superconducting gravimeter (SG) data within the context of an international network. The SG site “Serrahn” is located in the TERENO Observatory in the nort-eastern German lowlands. The observatory contributes to investigating the regional impact of climate and land use change. At the IGETS site Serrahn, the mean annual temperature is 8.8 °C and mean annual precipitation is 591 mm. The land cover is mainly characterized as a mixed forest, dominated by European beech and Scots pine. Influenced by the last glaciation in an outwash close to the terminal morraine, the uppermost soil layer of the site consists of aeolian sands up to a depth of 450 cm, followed by coarser sandy material with intercalated till layers. The unconfined groundwater level is at about 14 m below surface. There is hardly any human activity (e.g., traffic) at this quiet forest site. The nearest town is Neustrelitz at a distance of 5 km. Since December 2017, the superconducting gravimeter iGrav-033 is operated outdoors at this forest location (Latitude: 53.3392 N, Longitude: 13.17413 E, Elevation: 79.60 m). The gravimeter is installed in a dedicated field enclosure on top of a concrete pillar with an area of 1.1 m x 1.1 m at an elevation of 0.80 m above the terrain surface. The pillar has been build to a depth of 2.00 m below the surface. One additional pillar (also 1.1 m x 1.1 m, at surface level) is located right next to the iGrav installation and is used for repeated observations with absolute gravimeters (AG). At the site, meteorological (precipitation, air temperature, humidity, air pressure) and hydrological (groundwater, soil moisture, sapflow, throughfall) parameters are monitored by different sensors. Raw gravity and local atmospheric pressure records sampled at second intervals and the same records decimated at 1‐minute samples are provided as Level 1 products to the IGETS network.
    Keywords: Superconducting gravimetry ; Earth tides ; Geodynamics ; IGETS ; International Geodynamics and Earth Tide Service ; geophysics ; geodesy ; hydrology ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY ; environment 〉 geophysical environment ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 GRAVITY STATIONS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SGO ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Gravimeters 〉 SUPERCONDUCTING GRAVIMETER ; science 〉 geography 〉 geodesy
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 4
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    Minimum 1D Vp and Vp/Vs Models and Hypocentral Determinations in the Central Mediterranean Area (2023)
    Seismological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-01
    Description: Minimum 1D velocity models and station corrections have been computed for the central Mediterranean area using two main data sets. The first one consists of accurate first arrival‐time readings from 103 seismic events with magnitude (ML)≥3.5 recorded by the Italian National Seismic Network (RSN) and the AlpArray Seismic Network (AASN) in the period 2014–2021. Earthquakes were selected on the basis of their spatial distribution, epicentral distance to the nearest seismic station, and maximum distance traveled by Pn and Sn phases. This fine selection of high‐quality data combined with the spatial density of the AlpArray seismic stations was decisive in obtaining high resolution for upper mantle velocity, especially in the Alpine belt. To obtain a denser coverage of crustal rays, we extended the first data set with P and S arrivals of local earthquakes from Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) bulletin data (2016–2018). A total of 75,807 seismic phases (47,183 P phases and 28,264 S phases) have been inverted to calculate best‐fit 1D velocity models, at regional and local scales. We then test the performance of the optimized velocity models by relocating the last four years of seismicity recorded by INGV (period 2017–2020). The computed velocity models are very effective for routine earthquake location, seismic monitoring, source parameter modeling, and future 3D seismic tomography.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2670--2685
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: geophysics ; velocity models ; Italian seismicity ; central mediterranean area ; 04. Solid Earth ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Data from the GRANU95 seismic refraction experiment (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-13
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The occurrence of exposed high-metamorphic rocks (granulites) in combination with various gravity anomalies aligned along the direction of Variscan strike characterize a special terrain (Saxothuringikum) which has been sandwiched between two major tectonic units during the Variscan orogeny. Near surface geological studies show evidence that the Saxothuringian zone represents extended crust. Therefore the model of a "metamorphic core complex" is often used to explain the exhumation of the "Saxonian granulites". The thickness of the crust, the geometry of the Moho, and the composition of middle and lower crust that underlie such" metamorphic core complexes" have remained largely unconstrained. Because these physical parameters are critical for understanding the extensional processes acting at depth, we have carried out a seismic refraction experiment in order to resolve the deeper structure of an exposed "granulite-complex". From May 6th to May 13th 1995 a seismic refraction - wide angle reflection experiment was carried out as part of the DFG-priority program: "Orogenic processes – their quantification and simulation at the example of the Variscides". Two lines, A and B, were completed in two deployments (see map in GRANU95_report.pdf). In total 12 shots were fired and over 4500 seismograms were collected using 130 instruments. Only two different types of instruments (Reftek and PDAS) have been used for recording the explosions. All instruments were equipped with a 3-component 1Hz seismometer. The 90 km long NW-SE line (deployment A, 74 instruments) from Leipzig to the Erzgebirge through the Saxonian Granulites was carried out on the 8th and 9th May 1995. Additionally 56 stations were placed symmetrically to shotpoint D along line B (perpendicular to line A). Shots were fired on locations A1, A3, A4, A2 (see map in GRANU95_report.pdf). The station spacing for this deployment was around 1.3 km. The 260 km long SW-NE line (deployment B, 93 instruments) from Dresden to Bamberg, also crossing the Saxonian Granulites was completed from 11th to 13th May 1995. Every second instrument from deployment A was moved to complete line B. Shots were fired on locations B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I (see map in GRANU95_report.pdf) and recorded along line B and line A (perpendicular to line B) at a receiver spacing of about 2.6 km.
    Keywords: Saxonian granulites ; metamorphic core complex ; seismic refraction ; geophysics ; GRANU95 – seismic refraction experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 6
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    Seismicity catalogue for the Eastern Alps (Swath-D) (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-01
    Description: Abstract
    Description: We present a new, consistently processed seismicity catalogue for the Eastern and Southern Alps, based on the temporary dense Swath-D monitoring network. The final catalogue includes 6,053 earthquakes for the time period 2017-2019 and has a magnitude of completeness of −1.0ML. The smallest detected and located events have a magnitude of −1.7ML. Aimed at the low to moderate seismicity in the study region, we generated a multi-level, mostly automatic workflow which combines a priori information from local catalogues and waveform-based event detection, subsequent efficient GPU-based event search by template matching, P & S arrival time pick refinement and location in a regional 3-D velocity model. The resulting seismicity distribution generally confirms the previously identified main seismically active domains, but provides increased resolution of the fault activity at depth. In particular, the high number of small events additionally detected by the template search contributes to a more dense catalogue, providing an important basis for future geological and tectonic studies in this complex part of the Alpine orogen.
    Description: TableOfContents
    Description: Seismicity catalogue Python codes & metadata Seismicity cross-sections
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismic Waveform Analysis ; Eastern Alps ; Earthquake ; Geophysics ; Template matching ; 4DMB ; 4D Mountain Building ; EARTH SCIENCE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES 〉 EARTHQUAKE MAGNITUDE/INTENSITY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES 〉 EARTHQUAKE OCCURRENCES ; geophysics ; seismology ; surface processes ; tectonics
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 7
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    Superconducting Gravimeter Data from Pecný - Level 2 pre-processed by station operators (2023)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The International Geodynamics and Earth Tide Service (IGETS) was established in 2015 by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). IGETS continues the activities of the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP, 1997-2015) to provide support to geodetic and geophysical research activities using superconducting gravimeter (SG) data within the context of an international network. Raw gravity and local atmospheric pressure records sampled at second and the same records decimated at 1‐minute samples are provided as Level 1 products of the IGETS network for the Pecný station (https://doi.org/10.5880/igets.pe.l1.001). The corrected 1-minute samples have been prepared by operators of the station, from raw decimated 1-minute samples, by following steps: 1) The 1-minute samples have been used to compute residual gravity signal by using the SG calibration factor and applying corrections from tides, atmosphere and polar motion. 2) These data have been associated with auxiliary data from the SG (Dewar Pressure, Tx/Ty balance, Neck temperature etc.) and information from LOG files. 3) Gaps have been created in the residual gravity signal according to auxiliary data and log files. Moreover, gaps were created also for large disturbances, where the residual signal exceeding 20 nm/s^2. 4) Gaps up to 24 hours were filled by a linear fit. 5) Spikes exceeding 5 nm/s^2 were removed by using TSOFT. 6) Steps were applied only in exceptional cases in accordance with LOG files. 7) The cleaned residual signal was converted to corrected 1-minute samples by using the same corrections and the calibration factor as used in 1). Therefore, the corrected 1-minute signal is again in units as the raw data (Volt). Note, since 31 October 2017, the OSG-050 is running at new site (NGL - new gravimetric laboratory at Pecný) according to https://doi.org/10.5880/igets.pe.l1.001.
    Keywords: Superconducting gravimetry ; Earth tides ; Geodynamics ; IGETS ; International Geodynamics and Earth Tide Service ; geophysics ; geodesy ; hydrology ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY ; environment 〉 geophysical environment ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 GRAVITY STATIONS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SGO ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Gravimeters 〉 SUPERCONDUCTING GRAVIMETER ; science 〉 geography 〉 geodesy
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 8
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    Advanced Modeling with the MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (2022)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-09
    Description: A follow-up to An Introduction to Reservoir Simulation using MATLAB/GNU Octave, this book introduces more advanced functionality recently added to the open-source MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST). Like the original textbook, it will be invaluable for researchers, professionals and advanced students using reservoir simulation methods.
    Keywords: Reservoir geomechanics ; petroleum geoscience ; petroleum engineering ; exploration geoscience ; geophysics ; structural geology ; fluid dynamics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNB Energy industries & utilities::KNBP Petroleum & oil industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHV Applied physics::PHVG Geophysics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TN Civil engineering, surveying & building ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDF Fluid mechanics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TG Mechanical engineering & materials::TGM Materials science::TGMF Mechanics of fluids
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Chapitre 2 • Sismique de puits (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Des démarches classiquement appliquées en géophysiques d’exploration profonde, combinant différentes méthodes sismiques et diagraphiques, peuvent techniquement se décliner pour certaines reconnaissances géotechniques, hydrogéologiques ou des caractérisations de site dans le cadre d’études d’aléa sismique. Aujourd’hui la mise en œuvre de ce type de reconnaissances géophysiques est tout à fait réaliste, si les enjeux le nécessitent. Après un état de l’art concernant les mesures en forage des vitesses de cisaillement du sous-sol, appliquées au domaine géotechnique, cet ouvrage illustre la faisabilité de réaliser pour ce même domaine des profils sismiques verticaux (PSV) et des diagraphies. Cette démarche, illustre également l’intérêt de la combinaison des mesures de vitesse des formations fournies par les outils de sismique en forage (PSV) et les outils acoustiques (soniques). Un exemple innovant d’application des méthodes sismiques en forage et des diagraphies est présenté ensuite par l’étude d’un aquifère calcaire karstifié, relativement proche de la surface (de 20 à 130 m). On y montre comment une description multi échelle du réservoir peut être réalisée en intégrants les informations fournies par différentes méthodes sismiques de surface 3D-THR, diagraphies acoustiques en champs total, PSV avec hydrophones, imageries de paroi et mesures de débitmétrie. Dans cet ouvrage, les auteurs donnent également aux lecteurs des clefs pour mener à bien ces opérations, aussi bien vis-à-vis de leurs acquisitions, que de leurs traitements et interprétations. Ainsi, les utilisateurs pourront puiser l’inspiration de poursuivre la transposition de techniques pétrolières ou innovantes pour les études de la proche surface.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 10
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    Foreword (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Conclusion (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Des démarches classiquement appliquées en géophysiques d’exploration profonde, combinant différentes méthodes sismiques et diagraphiques, peuvent techniquement se décliner pour certaines reconnaissances géotechniques, hydrogéologiques ou des caractérisations de site dans le cadre d’études d’aléa sismique. Aujourd’hui la mise en œuvre de ce type de reconnaissances géophysiques est tout à fait réaliste, si les enjeux le nécessitent. Après un état de l’art concernant les mesures en forage des vitesses de cisaillement du sous-sol, appliquées au domaine géotechnique, cet ouvrage illustre la faisabilité de réaliser pour ce même domaine des profils sismiques verticaux (PSV) et des diagraphies. Cette démarche, illustre également l’intérêt de la combinaison des mesures de vitesse des formations fournies par les outils de sismique en forage (PSV) et les outils acoustiques (soniques). Un exemple innovant d’application des méthodes sismiques en forage et des diagraphies est présenté ensuite par l’étude d’un aquifère calcaire karstifié, relativement proche de la surface (de 20 à 130 m). On y montre comment une description multi échelle du réservoir peut être réalisée en intégrants les informations fournies par différentes méthodes sismiques de surface 3D-THR, diagraphies acoustiques en champs total, PSV avec hydrophones, imageries de paroi et mesures de débitmétrie. Dans cet ouvrage, les auteurs donnent également aux lecteurs des clefs pour mener à bien ces opérations, aussi bien vis-à-vis de leurs acquisitions, que de leurs traitements et interprétations. Ainsi, les utilisateurs pourront puiser l’inspiration de poursuivre la transposition de techniques pétrolières ou innovantes pour les études de la proche surface.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 12
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    Chapter 7 • Integrated seismic study - Focus on “Cigéo”, the French geological repository project (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Chapter 1 • Wave propagation (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Integrated Geophysical Methods for Shallow Aquifers Characterization and Modelling (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The book collects nine original contributions in the field of integrated geophysical methods for the characterization and modeling of shallow aquifers. The first contribution introduces the following eight contributions into the overall framework of the topic. The second contribution integrates seismic and electrical techniques to define geometry and identify the transient groundwater features in a coastal alluvial aquifer. The third contribution assesses the effectiveness of electrical and electromagnetic techniques to study the geometry of a thick carbonate aquifer. The fourth contribution couples electrical techniques with implicit modeling tools to characterize the geometry and saltwater intrusion in a coastal alluvial aquifers. The fifth contribution combines electrical techniques and datasets from borehole logs to analyze the inner geometry of a gravel-bed ephemeral stream. The sixth contribution uses electromagnetic and seismic techniques to evaluate the groundwater resource in a coastal town hydrologically influenced by peri-urban irrigation agriculture. The seventh contribution uses geophysical and hydrochemical data to assess groundwater contamination in an industrial chemical complex. The eighth contribution compiles and examines different geophysical prospecting surveys of interest in groundwater research in a large urban area. The ninth contribution uses electrical and electromagnetic techniques to assess surface water and shallow groundwater salinity in a coastal groundwater-dependent ecosystem.
    Keywords: multichannel analysis of surface waves ; electrical resistivity tomography ; time-lapse inversion ; aquifer geometry ; groundwater-dependent ecosystem ; Santo André Lagoon ; Portugal ; Jurassic dolomite aquifer ; seismic reflection ; time-domain electromagnetic ; loma de Úbeda ; Spain ; managed aquifer recharge ; saltwater intrusion ; soil aquifer treatment ; sustainable development goal 6 ; deposition patterns ; climate change ; ephemeral gravel-bed stream ; borehole samples ; urban hydrogeology ; hydrogeological map ; ground penetrating radar ; groundwater resource evaluation ; Adra town ; groundwater ; contamination ; time-space ; geophysics ; hydrochemistry ; geophysical prospecting techniques ; groundwater research ; urban water supply ; Metropolitan District of Quito ; Ecuador ; Everglades National Park (ENP) ; electrical resistivity ; electromagnetism ; formation factor ; salinity and constrained inversion ; n/a ; dipole-dipole ; fractures ; saprolite ; pumping well ; Federal district of Brazil ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Synthesis (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    Introduction (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    Chapitre 4 • Tying surface seismic data (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Approaches that are typically applied in deep exploration geophysics, combining different seismic and logging methods, can be technically adapted for certain geotechnical or hydrogeological surveys or some site characterizations in the framework of seismic hazard studies. Currently it is entirely feasible to implement this type of geophysical surveying if the situation requires. After reviewing the current state of knowledge regarding borehole measurements of subsurface shear velocities applied to the geotechnical field, this book illustrates the feasibility of carrying out vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) and logs in this field. This approach also illustrates the value of combining velocity measurements of formations provided by borehole seismic tools (VSP) and acoustic (sonic) tools. An innovative example of the application of borehole seismic and logging methods is then presented in the case study of a relatively near-surface (from 20 to 130 m) karst carbonate aquifer. It shows how a multi-scale description of the reservoir can be carried out by integrating the information provided by different 3D-THR surface seismic methods, full waveform acoustic logging, VSP with hydrophones, borehole optical televiewer and flow measurements. In this book the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisitions as well as processing and interpretation. Thus, users will be able to draw inspiration to continue transferring petroleum techniques and other innovative methods for use in near-surface studies.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    Introduction (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Des démarches classiquement appliquées en géophysiques d’exploration profonde, combinant différentes méthodes sismiques et diagraphiques, peuvent techniquement se décliner pour certaines reconnaissances géotechniques, hydrogéologiques ou des caractérisations de site dans le cadre d’études d’aléa sismique. Aujourd’hui la mise en œuvre de ce type de reconnaissances géophysiques est tout à fait réaliste, si les enjeux le nécessitent. Après un état de l’art concernant les mesures en forage des vitesses de cisaillement du sous-sol, appliquées au domaine géotechnique, cet ouvrage illustre la faisabilité de réaliser pour ce même domaine des profils sismiques verticaux (PSV) et des diagraphies. Cette démarche, illustre également l’intérêt de la combinaison des mesures de vitesse des formations fournies par les outils de sismique en forage (PSV) et les outils acoustiques (soniques). Un exemple innovant d’application des méthodes sismiques en forage et des diagraphies est présenté ensuite par l’étude d’un aquifère calcaire karstifié, relativement proche de la surface (de 20 à 130 m). On y montre comment une description multi échelle du réservoir peut être réalisée en intégrants les informations fournies par différentes méthodes sismiques de surface 3D-THR, diagraphies acoustiques en champs total, PSV avec hydrophones, imageries de paroi et mesures de débitmétrie. Dans cet ouvrage, les auteurs donnent également aux lecteurs des clefs pour mener à bien ces opérations, aussi bien vis-à-vis de leurs acquisitions, que de leurs traitements et interprétations. Ainsi, les utilisateurs pourront puiser l’inspiration de poursuivre la transposition de techniques pétrolières ou innovantes pour les études de la proche surface.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 19
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    Chapitre 3 • Diagraphie acoustique (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Des démarches classiquement appliquées en géophysiques d’exploration profonde, combinant différentes méthodes sismiques et diagraphiques, peuvent techniquement se décliner pour certaines reconnaissances géotechniques, hydrogéologiques ou des caractérisations de site dans le cadre d’études d’aléa sismique. Aujourd’hui la mise en œuvre de ce type de reconnaissances géophysiques est tout à fait réaliste, si les enjeux le nécessitent. Après un état de l’art concernant les mesures en forage des vitesses de cisaillement du sous-sol, appliquées au domaine géotechnique, cet ouvrage illustre la faisabilité de réaliser pour ce même domaine des profils sismiques verticaux (PSV) et des diagraphies. Cette démarche, illustre également l’intérêt de la combinaison des mesures de vitesse des formations fournies par les outils de sismique en forage (PSV) et les outils acoustiques (soniques). Un exemple innovant d’application des méthodes sismiques en forage et des diagraphies est présenté ensuite par l’étude d’un aquifère calcaire karstifié, relativement proche de la surface (de 20 à 130 m). On y montre comment une description multi échelle du réservoir peut être réalisée en intégrants les informations fournies par différentes méthodes sismiques de surface 3D-THR, diagraphies acoustiques en champs total, PSV avec hydrophones, imageries de paroi et mesures de débitmétrie. Dans cet ouvrage, les auteurs donnent également aux lecteurs des clefs pour mener à bien ces opérations, aussi bien vis-à-vis de leurs acquisitions, que de leurs traitements et interprétations. Ainsi, les utilisateurs pourront puiser l’inspiration de poursuivre la transposition de techniques pétrolières ou innovantes pour les études de la proche surface.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 20
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    Chapitre 5 • Exemple de caractérisation d’un aquifère karstique à l’aide des méthodes sismiques et des diagraphies acoustique (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Des démarches classiquement appliquées en géophysiques d’exploration profonde, combinant différentes méthodes sismiques et diagraphiques, peuvent techniquement se décliner pour certaines reconnaissances géotechniques, hydrogéologiques ou des caractérisations de site dans le cadre d’études d’aléa sismique. Aujourd’hui la mise en œuvre de ce type de reconnaissances géophysiques est tout à fait réaliste, si les enjeux le nécessitent. Après un état de l’art concernant les mesures en forage des vitesses de cisaillement du sous-sol, appliquées au domaine géotechnique, cet ouvrage illustre la faisabilité de réaliser pour ce même domaine des profils sismiques verticaux (PSV) et des diagraphies. Cette démarche, illustre également l’intérêt de la combinaison des mesures de vitesse des formations fournies par les outils de sismique en forage (PSV) et les outils acoustiques (soniques). Un exemple innovant d’application des méthodes sismiques en forage et des diagraphies est présenté ensuite par l’étude d’un aquifère calcaire karstifié, relativement proche de la surface (de 20 à 130 m). On y montre comment une description multi échelle du réservoir peut être réalisée en intégrants les informations fournies par différentes méthodes sismiques de surface 3D-THR, diagraphies acoustiques en champs total, PSV avec hydrophones, imageries de paroi et mesures de débitmétrie. Dans cet ouvrage, les auteurs donnent également aux lecteurs des clefs pour mener à bien ces opérations, aussi bien vis-à-vis de leurs acquisitions, que de leurs traitements et interprétations. Ainsi, les utilisateurs pourront puiser l’inspiration de poursuivre la transposition de techniques pétrolières ou innovantes pour les études de la proche surface.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 21
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    Chapter 3 • Seismic tomography (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 22
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    Chapitre 4 • Calage de la sismique de surface (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Des démarches classiquement appliquées en géophysiques d’exploration profonde, combinant différentes méthodes sismiques et diagraphiques, peuvent techniquement se décliner pour certaines reconnaissances géotechniques, hydrogéologiques ou des caractérisations de site dans le cadre d’études d’aléa sismique. Aujourd’hui la mise en œuvre de ce type de reconnaissances géophysiques est tout à fait réaliste, si les enjeux le nécessitent. Après un état de l’art concernant les mesures en forage des vitesses de cisaillement du sous-sol, appliquées au domaine géotechnique, cet ouvrage illustre la faisabilité de réaliser pour ce même domaine des profils sismiques verticaux (PSV) et des diagraphies. Cette démarche, illustre également l’intérêt de la combinaison des mesures de vitesse des formations fournies par les outils de sismique en forage (PSV) et les outils acoustiques (soniques). Un exemple innovant d’application des méthodes sismiques en forage et des diagraphies est présenté ensuite par l’étude d’un aquifère calcaire karstifié, relativement proche de la surface (de 20 à 130 m). On y montre comment une description multi échelle du réservoir peut être réalisée en intégrants les informations fournies par différentes méthodes sismiques de surface 3D-THR, diagraphies acoustiques en champs total, PSV avec hydrophones, imageries de paroi et mesures de débitmétrie. Dans cet ouvrage, les auteurs donnent également aux lecteurs des clefs pour mener à bien ces opérations, aussi bien vis-à-vis de leurs acquisitions, que de leurs traitements et interprétations. Ainsi, les utilisateurs pourront puiser l’inspiration de poursuivre la transposition de techniques pétrolières ou innovantes pour les études de la proche surface.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 23
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    Chapitre 2 • Well seismic surveying (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Approaches that are typically applied in deep exploration geophysics, combining different seismic and logging methods, can be technically adapted for certain geotechnical or hydrogeological surveys or some site characterizations in the framework of seismic hazard studies. Currently it is entirely feasible to implement this type of geophysical surveying if the situation requires. After reviewing the current state of knowledge regarding borehole measurements of subsurface shear velocities applied to the geotechnical field, this book illustrates the feasibility of carrying out vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) and logs in this field. This approach also illustrates the value of combining velocity measurements of formations provided by borehole seismic tools (VSP) and acoustic (sonic) tools. An innovative example of the application of borehole seismic and logging methods is then presented in the case study of a relatively near-surface (from 20 to 130 m) karst carbonate aquifer. It shows how a multi-scale description of the reservoir can be carried out by integrating the information provided by different 3D-THR surface seismic methods, full waveform acoustic logging, VSP with hydrophones, borehole optical televiewer and flow measurements. In this book the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisitions as well as processing and interpretation. Thus, users will be able to draw inspiration to continue transferring petroleum techniques and other innovative methods for use in near-surface studies.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 24
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    Chapter 6 • Hybrid seismic imaging (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 25
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    Chapter 5 • Full waveform inversion (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 26
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    Chapitre 3 • Acoustic logging (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Approaches that are typically applied in deep exploration geophysics, combining different seismic and logging methods, can be technically adapted for certain geotechnical or hydrogeological surveys or some site characterizations in the framework of seismic hazard studies. Currently it is entirely feasible to implement this type of geophysical surveying if the situation requires. After reviewing the current state of knowledge regarding borehole measurements of subsurface shear velocities applied to the geotechnical field, this book illustrates the feasibility of carrying out vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) and logs in this field. This approach also illustrates the value of combining velocity measurements of formations provided by borehole seismic tools (VSP) and acoustic (sonic) tools. An innovative example of the application of borehole seismic and logging methods is then presented in the case study of a relatively near-surface (from 20 to 130 m) karst carbonate aquifer. It shows how a multi-scale description of the reservoir can be carried out by integrating the information provided by different 3D-THR surface seismic methods, full waveform acoustic logging, VSP with hydrophones, borehole optical televiewer and flow measurements. In this book the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisitions as well as processing and interpretation. Thus, users will be able to draw inspiration to continue transferring petroleum techniques and other innovative methods for use in near-surface studies.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 27
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    Seismic imaging: a practical approach (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 28
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    Sismique en forage et diagraphies acoustiques (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Des démarches classiquement appliquées en géophysiques d’exploration profonde, combinant différentes méthodes sismiques et diagraphiques, peuvent techniquement se décliner pour certaines reconnaissances géotechniques, hydrogéologiques ou des caractérisations de site dans le cadre d’études d’aléa sismique. Aujourd’hui la mise en œuvre de ce type de reconnaissances géophysiques est tout à fait réaliste, si les enjeux le nécessitent. Après un état de l’art concernant les mesures en forage des vitesses de cisaillement du sous-sol, appliquées au domaine géotechnique, cet ouvrage illustre la faisabilité de réaliser pour ce même domaine des profils sismiques verticaux (PSV) et des diagraphies. Cette démarche, illustre également l’intérêt de la combinaison des mesures de vitesse des formations fournies par les outils de sismique en forage (PSV) et les outils acoustiques (soniques). Un exemple innovant d’application des méthodes sismiques en forage et des diagraphies est présenté ensuite par l’étude d’un aquifère calcaire karstifié, relativement proche de la surface (de 20 à 130 m). On y montre comment une description multi échelle du réservoir peut être réalisée en intégrants les informations fournies par différentes méthodes sismiques de surface 3D-THR, diagraphies acoustiques en champs total, PSV avec hydrophones, imageries de paroi et mesures de débitmétrie. Dans cet ouvrage, les auteurs donnent également aux lecteurs des clefs pour mener à bien ces opérations, aussi bien vis-à-vis de leurs acquisitions, que de leurs traitements et interprétations. Ainsi, les utilisateurs pourront puiser l’inspiration de poursuivre la transposition de techniques pétrolières ou innovantes pour les études de la proche surface.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 29
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    Chapitre 1 • Mesure des vitesses de cisaillement en forage (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Des démarches classiquement appliquées en géophysiques d’exploration profonde, combinant différentes méthodes sismiques et diagraphiques, peuvent techniquement se décliner pour certaines reconnaissances géotechniques, hydrogéologiques ou des caractérisations de site dans le cadre d’études d’aléa sismique. Aujourd’hui la mise en œuvre de ce type de reconnaissances géophysiques est tout à fait réaliste, si les enjeux le nécessitent. Après un état de l’art concernant les mesures en forage des vitesses de cisaillement du sous-sol, appliquées au domaine géotechnique, cet ouvrage illustre la faisabilité de réaliser pour ce même domaine des profils sismiques verticaux (PSV) et des diagraphies. Cette démarche, illustre également l’intérêt de la combinaison des mesures de vitesse des formations fournies par les outils de sismique en forage (PSV) et les outils acoustiques (soniques). Un exemple innovant d’application des méthodes sismiques en forage et des diagraphies est présenté ensuite par l’étude d’un aquifère calcaire karstifié, relativement proche de la surface (de 20 à 130 m). On y montre comment une description multi échelle du réservoir peut être réalisée en intégrants les informations fournies par différentes méthodes sismiques de surface 3D-THR, diagraphies acoustiques en champs total, PSV avec hydrophones, imageries de paroi et mesures de débitmétrie. Dans cet ouvrage, les auteurs donnent également aux lecteurs des clefs pour mener à bien ces opérations, aussi bien vis-à-vis de leurs acquisitions, que de leurs traitements et interprétations. Ainsi, les utilisateurs pourront puiser l’inspiration de poursuivre la transposition de techniques pétrolières ou innovantes pour les études de la proche surface.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 30
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    Forward (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Approaches that are typically applied in deep exploration geophysics, combining different seismic and logging methods, can be technically adapted for certain geotechnical or hydrogeological surveys or some site characterizations in the framework of seismic hazard studies. Currently it is entirely feasible to implement this type of geophysical surveying if the situation requires. After reviewing the current state of knowledge regarding borehole measurements of subsurface shear velocities applied to the geotechnical field, this book illustrates the feasibility of carrying out vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) and logs in this field. This approach also illustrates the value of combining velocity measurements of formations provided by borehole seismic tools (VSP) and acoustic (sonic) tools. An innovative example of the application of borehole seismic and logging methods is then presented in the case study of a relatively near-surface (from 20 to 130 m) karst carbonate aquifer. It shows how a multi-scale description of the reservoir can be carried out by integrating the information provided by different 3D-THR surface seismic methods, full waveform acoustic logging, VSP with hydrophones, borehole optical televiewer and flow measurements. In this book the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisitions as well as processing and interpretation. Thus, users will be able to draw inspiration to continue transferring petroleum techniques and other innovative methods for use in near-surface studies.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 31
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    Introduction (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Approaches that are typically applied in deep exploration geophysics, combining different seismic and logging methods, can be technically adapted for certain geotechnical or hydrogeological surveys or some site characterizations in the framework of seismic hazard studies. Currently it is entirely feasible to implement this type of geophysical surveying if the situation requires. After reviewing the current state of knowledge regarding borehole measurements of subsurface shear velocities applied to the geotechnical field, this book illustrates the feasibility of carrying out vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) and logs in this field. This approach also illustrates the value of combining velocity measurements of formations provided by borehole seismic tools (VSP) and acoustic (sonic) tools. An innovative example of the application of borehole seismic and logging methods is then presented in the case study of a relatively near-surface (from 20 to 130 m) karst carbonate aquifer. It shows how a multi-scale description of the reservoir can be carried out by integrating the information provided by different 3D-THR surface seismic methods, full waveform acoustic logging, VSP with hydrophones, borehole optical televiewer and flow measurements. In this book the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisitions as well as processing and interpretation. Thus, users will be able to draw inspiration to continue transferring petroleum techniques and other innovative methods for use in near-surface studies.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 32
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    Unknown
    Chapter 4 • Near-surface reflection surveying (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 33
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Avant-propos (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Des démarches classiquement appliquées en géophysiques d’exploration profonde, combinant différentes méthodes sismiques et diagraphiques, peuvent techniquement se décliner pour certaines reconnaissances géotechniques, hydrogéologiques ou des caractérisations de site dans le cadre d’études d’aléa sismique. Aujourd’hui la mise en œuvre de ce type de reconnaissances géophysiques est tout à fait réaliste, si les enjeux le nécessitent. Après un état de l’art concernant les mesures en forage des vitesses de cisaillement du sous-sol, appliquées au domaine géotechnique, cet ouvrage illustre la faisabilité de réaliser pour ce même domaine des profils sismiques verticaux (PSV) et des diagraphies. Cette démarche, illustre également l’intérêt de la combinaison des mesures de vitesse des formations fournies par les outils de sismique en forage (PSV) et les outils acoustiques (soniques). Un exemple innovant d’application des méthodes sismiques en forage et des diagraphies est présenté ensuite par l’étude d’un aquifère calcaire karstifié, relativement proche de la surface (de 20 à 130 m). On y montre comment une description multi échelle du réservoir peut être réalisée en intégrants les informations fournies par différentes méthodes sismiques de surface 3D-THR, diagraphies acoustiques en champs total, PSV avec hydrophones, imageries de paroi et mesures de débitmétrie. Dans cet ouvrage, les auteurs donnent également aux lecteurs des clefs pour mener à bien ces opérations, aussi bien vis-à-vis de leurs acquisitions, que de leurs traitements et interprétations. Ainsi, les utilisateurs pourront puiser l’inspiration de poursuivre la transposition de techniques pétrolières ou innovantes pour les études de la proche surface.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: French
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  • 34
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    Unknown
    Well seismic surveying and acoustic logging (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Approaches that are typically applied in deep exploration geophysics, combining different seismic and logging methods, can be technically adapted for certain geotechnical or hydrogeological surveys or some site characterizations in the framework of seismic hazard studies. Currently it is entirely feasible to implement this type of geophysical surveying if the situation requires. After reviewing the current state of knowledge regarding borehole measurements of subsurface shear velocities applied to the geotechnical field, this book illustrates the feasibility of carrying out vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) and logs in this field. This approach also illustrates the value of combining velocity measurements of formations provided by borehole seismic tools (VSP) and acoustic (sonic) tools. An innovative example of the application of borehole seismic and logging methods is then presented in the case study of a relatively near-surface (from 20 to 130 m) karst carbonate aquifer. It shows how a multi-scale description of the reservoir can be carried out by integrating the information provided by different 3D-THR surface seismic methods, full waveform acoustic logging, VSP with hydrophones, borehole optical televiewer and flow measurements. In this book the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisitions as well as processing and interpretation. Thus, users will be able to draw inspiration to continue transferring petroleum techniques and other innovative methods for use in near-surface studies.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 35
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    Chapitre 5 • Contribution of seismic and acoustic methods to the characterization of karstic formations (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Approaches that are typically applied in deep exploration geophysics, combining different seismic and logging methods, can be technically adapted for certain geotechnical or hydrogeological surveys or some site characterizations in the framework of seismic hazard studies. Currently it is entirely feasible to implement this type of geophysical surveying if the situation requires. After reviewing the current state of knowledge regarding borehole measurements of subsurface shear velocities applied to the geotechnical field, this book illustrates the feasibility of carrying out vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) and logs in this field. This approach also illustrates the value of combining velocity measurements of formations provided by borehole seismic tools (VSP) and acoustic (sonic) tools. An innovative example of the application of borehole seismic and logging methods is then presented in the case study of a relatively near-surface (from 20 to 130 m) karst carbonate aquifer. It shows how a multi-scale description of the reservoir can be carried out by integrating the information provided by different 3D-THR surface seismic methods, full waveform acoustic logging, VSP with hydrophones, borehole optical televiewer and flow measurements. In this book the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisitions as well as processing and interpretation. Thus, users will be able to draw inspiration to continue transferring petroleum techniques and other innovative methods for use in near-surface studies.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 36
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Chapitre 1 • Shear velocity measurement in boreholes (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Approaches that are typically applied in deep exploration geophysics, combining different seismic and logging methods, can be technically adapted for certain geotechnical or hydrogeological surveys or some site characterizations in the framework of seismic hazard studies. Currently it is entirely feasible to implement this type of geophysical surveying if the situation requires. After reviewing the current state of knowledge regarding borehole measurements of subsurface shear velocities applied to the geotechnical field, this book illustrates the feasibility of carrying out vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) and logs in this field. This approach also illustrates the value of combining velocity measurements of formations provided by borehole seismic tools (VSP) and acoustic (sonic) tools. An innovative example of the application of borehole seismic and logging methods is then presented in the case study of a relatively near-surface (from 20 to 130 m) karst carbonate aquifer. It shows how a multi-scale description of the reservoir can be carried out by integrating the information provided by different 3D-THR surface seismic methods, full waveform acoustic logging, VSP with hydrophones, borehole optical televiewer and flow measurements. In this book the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisitions as well as processing and interpretation. Thus, users will be able to draw inspiration to continue transferring petroleum techniques and other innovative methods for use in near-surface studies.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
    Format: image/jpeg
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  • 37
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Conclusion (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 38
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Chapter 2 • Refraction surveying (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological and site characterization studies regarding seismic hazard issues. The goal of this book is to provide a practical guide, using examples from the field, to the application of seismic methods to surface imaging. After reviewing the current state of knowledge in seismic wave propagation, refraction and reflection seismic methods, the book aims to describe how seismic tomography and fullwave form inversion methods can be used to obtain seismic images of the subsurface. Through various synthetic and field examples, the book highlights the benefit of combining different sets of data: refracted waves with reflected waves, and body waves with surface waves. With field data targeting shallow structures, it shows how more accurate geophysical models can be obtained by using the proposed hybrid methods. Finally, it shows how the integration of seismic data (3D survey and VSP), logging data (acoustic logging) and core measurements, combined with a succession of specific and advanced processing techniques, enables the development of a 3D high resolution geological model in depth. In addition to these examples, the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisition, as well as processing and interpretation. In each chapter, the reader will find theoretical concepts, practical rules and, above all, actual application examples. For this reason, the book can be used as a text to accompany course lectures or continuing education seminars. This book aims to promote the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists, and engineers in geotechnical fields.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
    Format: image/jpeg
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  • 39
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Conclusion (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Approaches that are typically applied in deep exploration geophysics, combining different seismic and logging methods, can be technically adapted for certain geotechnical or hydrogeological surveys or some site characterizations in the framework of seismic hazard studies. Currently it is entirely feasible to implement this type of geophysical surveying if the situation requires. After reviewing the current state of knowledge regarding borehole measurements of subsurface shear velocities applied to the geotechnical field, this book illustrates the feasibility of carrying out vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) and logs in this field. This approach also illustrates the value of combining velocity measurements of formations provided by borehole seismic tools (VSP) and acoustic (sonic) tools. An innovative example of the application of borehole seismic and logging methods is then presented in the case study of a relatively near-surface (from 20 to 130 m) karst carbonate aquifer. It shows how a multi-scale description of the reservoir can be carried out by integrating the information provided by different 3D-THR surface seismic methods, full waveform acoustic logging, VSP with hydrophones, borehole optical televiewer and flow measurements. In this book the authors provide readers with guidelines to carry out these operations, in terms of acquisitions as well as processing and interpretation. Thus, users will be able to draw inspiration to continue transferring petroleum techniques and other innovative methods for use in near-surface studies.
    Keywords: geophysics ; hydrogeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 40
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Groundwater Resources and Salt Water Intrusion in a Changing Environment (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: This Special Issue presents the work of 30 scientists from 11 countries. It confirms that the impacts of global change, resulting from both climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressure, are huge on worldwide coastal areas (and critically so on some islands in the Pacific Ocean), with highly negative effects on coastal groundwater resources, which are widely affected by seawater intrusion. Some improved research methods are proposed in the contributions: using innovative hydrogeological, geophysical, and geochemical monitoring; assessing impacts of the changing environment on the coastal groundwater resources in terms of quantity and quality; and using modelling, especially to improve management approaches. The scientific research needed to face these challenges must continue to be deployed by different approaches based on the monitoring, modelling and management of groundwater resources. Novel and more efficient methods must be developed to keep up with the accelerating pace of global change.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; tide ; artificial neural network ; Gaza Strip ; groundwater resources ; seawater intrusion ; nutrient discharge ; freshwater resilience ; offshore geophysics ; atoll ; freshwater lens ; sea-level rise ; small islands ; sharp interface numerical modeling ; climate change ; recursive prediction ; saltwater intrusion ; Radon ; submarine groundwater discharge ; water resources management ; flooding ; groundwater storage ; fish ponds ; Tongatapu ; extraction ; monitoring ; modelling ; fresh groundwater volume ; numerical model ; atoll island ; MODFLOW/SEAWAT ; Nile Delta governorates ; arid and semi-arid regions ; time series model ; hydrogeology ; Libya ; sea level rise ; coastal aquifer ; sea–aquifer relations ; Tripoli ; freshwater-saltwater interface ; multi-layered coastal aquifer ; well salinization ; SGD model ; Nile Delta aquifer ; tidal signal ; geophysics ; groundwater ; cation exchange ; salinization ; SGD ; support vector machine ; direct prediction ; aquifer ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
    Language: English
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  • 41
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    Physics of the Earth’s Interior (2021)
    Collège de France
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions: the extent of certain recent natural disasters and their dramatic consequences have reminded us of the power of terrestrial phenomena and of the need for scientific research to understand the Earth’s dynamics more fully. Over the last twenty years the study of the Earth’s interior has witnessed a real revolution, owing in particular to the development of increasingly sophisticated seismic tomography techniques and the powerful computations made possi...
    Keywords: Earth ; seismology ; physics ; geophysics
    Language: English
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  • 42
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    Remote Sensing and Geosciences for Archaeology (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: This book collects more than 20 papers, written by renowned experts and scientists from across the globe, that showcase the state-of-the-art and forefront research in archaeological remote sensing and the use of geoscientific techniques to investigate archaeological records and cultural heritage. Very high resolution satellite images from optical and radar space-borne sensors, airborne multi-spectral images, ground penetrating radar, terrestrial laser scanning, 3D modelling, Geographyc Information Systems (GIS) are among the techniques used in the archaeological studies published in this book. The reader can learn how to use these instruments and sensors, also in combination, to investigate cultural landscapes, discover new sites, reconstruct paleo-landscapes, augment the knowledge of monuments, and assess the condition of heritage at risk. Case studies scattered across Europe, Asia and America are presented: from the World UNESCO World Heritage Site of Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa to heritage under threat in the Middle East and North Africa, from coastal heritage in the intertidal flats of the German North Sea to Early and Neolithic settlements in Thessaly. Beginners will learn robust research methodologies and take inspiration; mature scholars will for sure derive inputs for new research and applications.
    Keywords: GE1-350 ; CC1-960 ; terrestrial laser scanning ; GIS ; condition assessment ; SAR ; remote sensing ; geophysics ; point cloud ; archaeological prospection ; optical ; pattern recognition ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Language: English
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  • 43
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    Superconducting Gravimeter Data from Walferdange - Level 1 (2020)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-21
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The International Geodynamics and Earth Tide Service (IGETS) was established in 2015 by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). IGETS continues the activities of the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP, 1997-2015) to provide support to geodetic and geophysical research activities using superconducting gravimeter (SG) data within the context of an international network. The Walferdange Underground Laboratory for Geodynamics (WULG) is located at the middle of a long labyrinth of galleries which originally have been established for the commercial extraction of gypsum. Exceptional temperature and humidity stability, the absence of water and human perturbations, distance from the ocean and easy access, were some of the motivations for initially choosing this site for instrumentation and Earth tide research. Instruments to measure the micro deformations produced by the tidal forces have been developed and tested in the Laboratory for more than 30 years. Ground deformations and earthquakes are or have been recorded continuously by means of spring gravimeters, vertical and horizontal pendulums, long base water tube tiltmeters, vertical and horizontal strain meters, short period and broad band seismometers. Meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure), as well as radon gas emissions, are also continuously monitored in various locations within the mine. In 2000, the Minister of Research of the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg decided to establish a new International Reference Station for Intercomparisons of Absolute Gravimeters (ISIAG). The instrumentation to support the project includes a superconducting gravimeter OSG-CT040, an absolute gravimeter FG5X-216, and other ancillary equipment necessary to support research. In January 2002, a first superconducting gravimeter was installed. The instrument was then stopped in March 2003 due to an abnormally large instrumental drift. In December 2003, it was replaced by a brand-new gravimeter with the same name and which continuously operates since that date. Absolute gravity measurements have been performed on a regular time base to calibrate the superconducting gravimeter and to estimate its instrumental drift. Since 2003, the WULG hosted three European Comparisons and one International Comparison of Absolute Gravimeters. It was the first international comparison outside the walls of the BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) in Sèvres (France) where it had traditionally been organized for 30 years.
    Keywords: Superconducting gravimetry ; Earth tides ; Geodynamics ; geophysics ; geodesy ; hydrology ; Absolute gravimetry ; Metrology ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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