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  • Articles  (514)
  • Springer  (514)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 2020-2024
  • 1980-1984  (271)
  • 1975-1979  (243)
  • Psychology  (514)
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  • Articles  (514)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutational changes in the courtship activity of male guppies (Poecilia reticulata) after X-irradiation (1980)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 10 (1980), S. 427-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: guppies ; Poecilia reticulata ; irradiation of gonads ; courtship
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The courtship activity of male F2 descendants of irradiated and control guppies,Poecilia reticulata, of the inbred strain Istanbul was compared. The results of Spieser and Schröder (1978), who found a decrease in courtship activity of descendants of irradiated guppies, were confirmed under more natural conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065605
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrapair similarity in frequency of disfluency in monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs containing stutterers (1981)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 11 (1981), S. 227-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: stuttering ; twins ; genetics ; disfluency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract It is known that concordance for stuttering is higher in monozygotic (MZ) than in dizygotic (DZ) twins. Evidence for genetic contribution to the frequency of speech disruption in stutterers was examined in 17 pairs of MZ and 13 pairs of DZ twins, each pair containing at least one stutterer. Intraclass correlations and analyses of variance indicated positive evidence for a genetic contribution to the overall frequency of disfluency in speech and to the frequency of certain types of speech disruption (blocked and prolonged sounds). There was little evidence for genetic influence on other types of speech disruption (various types of repetitions and interjections) In those disfluency types for which genetic predictions were confirmed, evidence of excessive dissimilarity in DZ cotwins suggests that a simple, additive gene-environment model is unlikely to be appropriate for disfluency frequency data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065460
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and sensory aspects of mating success of phototactic strains ofDrosophila melanogaster (1981)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 11 (1981), S. 273-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: phototactic behavior ; mating advantage ; vision ; olfaction ; auditory stimuli
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract In female choice experiments,Drosophila melanogaster males from a selected photonegative strain show a highly significant mating advantage over males from a photopositive strain. While photonegative behavior is sex linked in this species, the X chromosome is not involved in the mating advantage seen for this strain. The degree of the photonegative male advantage changes when tests are conducted with females mutant for olfaction and auditory perception but not when females are blind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065464
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethanol consumption: Selective breeding in mice (1981)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 11 (1981), S. 291-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: selection ; alcohol consumption ; realized heritability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract From a foundation stock of HS/Ibg mice, mass selection has yielded highethanol acceptance (HEA) and low-ethanol acceptance (LEA) lines with distributions which show little overlap in the 10th generation. Divergence has been systematic and the estimate of the realized heritability after 10 generations of selective breeding is 0.21±0.04. Low to moderate correlations among three methods of measuring alcohol consumption, including the one on which selection was based, were shown in an F2 generation derived from C57BL/Ibg and C3H/Ibg mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01070812
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavior genetics of choice of oviposition sites inDrosophila melanogaster. I. Genetic variability and analysis of behavior (1980)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 10 (1980), S. 105-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; choice of oviposition site ; strain difference ; site discrimination ; egg insertion ; selection ; wild type
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Females ofDrosophila melanogaster were given a choice of oviposition site either on the surface of the medium or on the surface of paper positioned vertically on the medium. A significant difference was seen in the proportion of eggs deposited on the paper among wild strains of different geographic origins. Bidirectional selection for oviposition on these two sites was effective. These selected lines were examined under various conditions to determine the factors involved in this site selection for oviposition. The lines that chose medium laid eggs only on substrates into which egges could be inserted. The lines preferring paper showed no strict requirement for burying their eggs. Tarsal sensillae were involved in site discrimination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01067322
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relative male age, fertility, and competitive mating success inDrosophila melanogaster (1980)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 10 (1980), S. 163-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster ; mating success ; male fertility ; male age ; female choice experiments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Female choice experiments were used to investigate the effect of relative male age on mating success inD. melanogaster. Experiments were conducted with a Canton-S (CS) strain, in which two virgin males of different ages (2, 4, or 8 days old) were offered to virgin females. Older males were found to be more successful under competitive conditions. In another group of experiments, vermilion (v) males of different ages competed with CS males of different ages. The competitive success ofv males was found to increase with their relative age. Male fertility at 2, 4, and 8 days of age was documented for both male genotypes mated with CS females. CS males fathered more offspring per copulation thanv males, and the fertility of all males was found to increase with age. Discussion focuses on the changes in male mating success and fertility with age and genotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066266
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cortical evoked potentials in monozygotic twins and unrelated subjects: Comparisons of exogenous and endogenous components (1980)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 10 (1980), S. 201-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: cortical evoked potentials ; average evoked potential (AEP) ; monozygotic twins ; auditory evoked potentials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Cortical evoked potentials to auditory stimulation were recorded in six pairs of monozygotic twins and six pairs of unrelated subjects matched for age and sex while they performed a stimulus detection task. The cortical potentials were coherently averaged, and the peak latencies of the exogenous (P1, N1, and P2) and endogenous (N2 and P3) components of the average evoked potential (AEP) were investigated. It was hypothesized that latency of the exogenous components of the AEP would be similar in all matched pairs since the characteristics of these components depend primarily on the physical parameters of the stimulus. As endogenous components appear to be associated with a person's intentions, expectations, and decisions, we expected them to be more alike in twins than in unrelated individuals. Findings were in accord with the hypothesis. Latencies of the exogenous components were closely similar in all pairs of subjects. By contrast, latencies of the endogenous components were significantly (P≤0.001) more alike in twins than in unrelated subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066270
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypothesized genetic racial differences in IQ: A criticism of three proposed lines of evidence (1980)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 10 (1980), S. 225-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: A. R. Jensen ; intelligence ; race differences ; heritability ; IQ
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Three lines of reasoning are discussed which have been put forward by A. R. Jensen in support of the hypothesis of genetic racial differences in IQ. These are the probabilistic connection of heritability to between-group genetic differences, the theoretical or formal relationship of within-group heritability to between-group heritability, and the regression of the IQ scores of blacks and whites to different population means. The first is shown to be a purely empirical claim that has no value as evidence in the absence of substantial confirming data, which are not available. The second and third are shown to be purely formal implications of the statistical models used to describe between-group heritability and linear regression, with no implications for the validity of the hypothesis. The attempted use of all three to support the hypothesis of genetic racial differences in IQ is discussed as an example of the fallacious reification of abstract methodology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066273
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Level and shape of sequences of motor behavior in inbred and hybrid mice (1980)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 10 (1980), S. 251-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: behavior sequences ; heterosis ; motor behavior ; diallel cross ; coefficient of convexity ; mice ; inbred strains of mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Three-hundred seventy-five mice of six inbred strains and their F1 hybrid crosses were observed in a barrier apparatus. Frequencies of jumping over barriers were recorded at each of ten 30-sec intervals. Graphs plotted of mean jumps at each time point show several F1 curves with an apparently adaptive pattern: low frequencies of jumps at start, gradually rising, then leveling off. Nine out of 15 F1 curves also show evidence of heterosis: jumping frequencies of hybrids exceed those of parent strains. Lack of heterosis was peculiar to crosses in which C57BL/6 was one of the parents. A coefficient of convexity C was developed to quantify the shapes of the temporal patterns of proportions of animals engaged in jumping at a given point in the sequence. F1 curves (unlike inbred strains) were found, on the whole, to be negatively convex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01067771
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic influences on measures of selective attention and speed: A twin study (1980)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 10 (1980), S. 309-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: distractibility ; speed ; schizophrenia ; twins ; cognition ; attention ; auditory distractibility measures ; visual distractibility measures ; associative distractibility task ; reaction time ; heritability ; information processing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Measures of selective attention and speed which have been employed in the study of disturbances of cognitive functioning in schizophrenia were used in a study of 20 MZ and 20 DZ normal twin pairs. Results suggest the presence of a genetic contribution to scores on such tasks, particularly for the speed measures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01067776
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