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  • Bacteria
  • Springer  (25)
  • American Chemical Society  (1)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 2020-2023  (1)
  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 1975-1979  (19)
  • 1
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    Production of two highly abundant 2-methyl-branched fatty acids by blooms of the globally significant marine cyanobacteria Trichodesmium erythraeum (2021)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-27
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Gosselin, K. M., Nelson, R. K., Spivak, A. C., Sylva, S. P., Van Mooy, B. A. S., Aeppli, C., Sharpless, C. M., O’Neil, G. W., Arrington, E. C., Reddy, C. M., & Valentine, D. L. Production of two highly abundant 2-methyl-branched fatty acids by blooms of the globally significant marine cyanobacteria Trichodesmium erythraeum. ACS Omega, 6(35), (2021): 22803–22810, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c03196.
    Description: The bloom-forming cyanobacteria Trichodesmium contribute up to 30% to the total fixed nitrogen in the global oceans and thereby drive substantial productivity. On an expedition in the Gulf of Mexico, we observed and sampled surface slicks, some of which included dense blooms of Trichodesmium erythraeum. These bloom samples contained abundant and atypical free fatty acids, identified here as 2-methyldecanoic acid and 2-methyldodecanoic acid. The high abundance and unusual branching pattern of these compounds suggest that they may play a specific role in this globally important organism.
    Description: This work was funded with grants from the National Science Foundation grants OCE-1333148, OCE-1333162, and OCE-1756254 and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (IR&D). GCxGC analysis made possible by WHOI’s Investment in Science Fund.
    Keywords: Lipids ; Alkyls ; Bacteria ; Genetics ; Chromatography
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermosipho japonicus sp. nov., an extremely thermophilic bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent in Japan (2000)
    Springer
    Extremophiles 4 (2000), S. 9-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-4909
    Keywords: Key words Extreme thermophile ; Thermosipho ; Thermotogales ; Deep-sea hydrothermal vent ; Bacteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A novel barophilic, extremely thermophilic bacterium was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney at the Iheya Basin, in the Okinawa area, Japan. The cells were found to be rod shaped and surrounded by a sheath-like outer structure; the organism did not possess flagella and was not motile. Growth was observed between 45° and 80°C (optimum, 72°C, 45 min doubling time), pH 5.3 and 9.3 (optimum, pH 7.2–7.6), 6.6 and 79 g/l sea salts (optimum, 40 g/l), and 0.1 and 60 MPa (optimum, 20 MPa). Strain IHB1 was found to be a strictly anaerobic chemoorganotroph capable of utilizing yeast extract and proteinaceous substrates such as peptone and tryptone. Elemental sulfur or thiosulfate acted as electron acceptors improving growth. The isolate was able to utilize casein as a sole carbon and energy source in the presence of thiosulfate. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 31.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences and DNA–DNA hybridization analysis indicated that the isolate is closely related to Thermosipho africanus; however, it represents a species distinct from the previously described members of the genus Thermosipho. On the basis of the physiological and molecular properties, we propose that the new isolate represents a new species, which we name Thermosipho japonicus sp. nov. (type strain: IHB1; JCM10495).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007920050002
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of solid waste compost on microbiological and physical properties of a burnt forest soil in field experiments (2000)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 32 (2000), S. 410-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Keywords Aggregate stability ; Bacteria ; Burnt soil ; Compost ; Fungi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  The restoration of soil microbial activities is a basic step in the reclamation of burnt soils. For this reason, the ability of municipal solid waste compost to accelerate the re-establishment of bacterial and fungal populations, as well as to re-establish physical properties in a burnt soil, was evaluated in a field experiment. Four treatments were performed by adding different doses of compost (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 kg compost m–2 soil) to a burnt Calcic Rodoxeralf soil, and the changes in microbial populations, salt content, aggregate stability and bulk density were evaluated for 1 year. Initially, the addition of compost had a negative effect on soil microbial populations, but 3 months after compost addition, the number of viable fungal propagules increased in all the amended soils. This positive effect lasted until the end of the experiment. From 30 days onwards, all the amended soils showed a greater total number of bacterial cell forming units than the unamended burnt soil. Organic amendment increased the percentage of 2- to 4-mm aggregates, although the effect on the stability of the 0.2- to 2-mm aggregates and on bulk density was less noticeable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740000270
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Jet drop enrichment of bacteria, virus, and dissolved organic material (1978)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 116 (1978), S. 302-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Bacteria ; Bubbles ; Scavenging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Four parameters that control the enrichment of bacteria in jet drops are bubble scavenging, drop size, drop position in the jet set, and the type of bacteria. Without the scavenging of bacteria as a bubble rises through the water it is doubtful that the observed enrichment factors, EF, greater than 1000 could be obtained. There is a maximum in EF as a function of top jet drop size, and the EF decreases from the top to the bottom drop of the jet set. The efficiency by which bubbles scavenge bacteria varies with species. Presumably these parameters apply in some degree to the EF of virus in jet drops. Dissolved organic material in natural waters can adsorb to bubbles and contribute to a large EF in jet drops, but there is a feedback mechanism whereby changes in bubble surface free energy modify the jet drop-size distribution. However, there is reason to believe this will not significantly influence the jet drop-size distribution produced by bubbles in the sea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01636887
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What does Halobacterium tell us about photoreception? (1977)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 3 (1977), S. 69-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Bacteria ; Photophobic response ; Rhodopsin ; Membrane ; Sensory transduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A photosensory mechanism is proposed for Halobacterium halobium based on the observation of light-induced motor responses. Possible mechanisms of signal transduction in Halobacterium are discussed. Bacteriorhodopsin and the visual pigment rhodopsin are compared with respect to their structural and functional properties. The conclusion is drawn that Halobacterium may help to understand primary photochemical events of rhodopsin rather than the transduction mechanism of visual photoreceptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00536457
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Utilization and degradation of lindane by soil microorganisms (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 108 (1976), S. 259-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Lindane ; Soil microorganisms ; Bacteria ; Actinomycetes ; Fungi ; Insecticide ; Chloride ; Respiration ; Degradation ; Utilization ; Pseudomonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Of 147 microorganisms isolated from a loamy sand, 71 showed good growth with lindane (γ-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane) and produced chloride in an aqueous medium. Thirteen soil microorganisms were selected to study the utilization of lindane. Lindane was metabolized by the microbes to γ-2,3,4,5,6-pentachloro-1-cyclohexene (γ-PCCH), α-3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1-cyclohexene (α-TCCH), β-3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1-cyclohexene (β-TCCH), γ-3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1-cyclohexene (γ-TCCH), and pentachlorobenzene (PCB). Cells of Pseudomonas sp. No. 62 grown on lindane simultaneously adapted to γ-PCCH, α-TCCH, β-TCCH, γ-TCCH, PCB, 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene (1,2,3,4-TCB) and 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene (1,2,4,5-TCB). The bacteria degraded each of these chemicals at least partially as indicated by an increased rate of oxygen consumption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00454850
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zum Glyoxylsäurestoffwechsel vonBacillus fastidiosus Stamm 83 (1979)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 121 (1979), S. 129-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Bacillus fastidiosus ; Bacteria ; C2-Metabolism ; Glyoxylate ; Hydroxypyruvate ; Tartronicsemialdehyde
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung BeiBacillus fastidiosus, der Harnsäure und Allantoin über Glyoxylsäure abbaut, wurde der Glyoxylat-Stoffwechsel untersucht. Enzyme des Glycin-Serin-Weges, des Oxalat-Weges und des β-Hydroxyaspartat-Weges waren in zellfreien Extrakten nicht nachweisbar. Das Enzym Glyoxylatcaboligase, welches die Synthese von Tartronsäuresemialdehyd (TSA) aus Glyoxylsäure katalysiert, war zwar in den Extrakten vorhanden,abereine nachfolgende Umsetzung von TSA über den Glycerat-Weg schien unwahrscheinlich, da keine Glyceratkinase nachgewiesen werden konnte. Allerdingswurde eine enzymatische Tautomerisierung von Enzymen, welche die Synthese von Pyruvat aus HP über Serin katalysieren,deutet darauf hin, daß die beobachtete enzymatische Umwandlung von TSA zu HP in diesem Organismus an der Synthese von C3-Verbindungen aus Glyoxylat beteiligt ist.
    Notes: Abstract Glyoxylate metabolism was studied inBacillus fastidiosus, which is known to degrade uric acid and allantoin via glyoxylic acid. Enzymes of the glycine-serine pathway, of the oxalate pathway and of the β-hydroxyaspartate pathway were not detected in cell-free extracts. Glycoxylate carboligase, which catalyzes the formation of tartronic semialdehyde (TSA) from glyoxylate was found to be present. A further utilization of TSA via the glycerate pathway appeared to be unlikely, since no glycerate kinase could be demonstrated. However, an enzymatic tautomerisation of TSA to hydroxypyruvate (HP) was observed in the extracts. Methods for the detection of this enzyme were described. The presence of enzymes, catalyzing the synthesis of pyruvate from HP via serine indicated that the observed enzymatic conversion of TSA to HP might participate in the formation of C3-compounds from glyoxylate in this microorganism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689976
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tryptophanase from a marine bacterium, Vibrio K-7 synthesis, purification, and some chemical catalytic properties (1979)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 122 (1979), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Tryptophanase ; Vibrio ; Marine Vibrio ; Bacteria ; Enzyme ; Tryptophan ; Indole ; Amino acid ; Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The conditions for synthesis, purification, and properties of tryptophanase by a marine organism (Vibrio K-7) were studied. Tryptophanase was induced by tryptophan and its analogs, and partially repressed by 0.5% glucose or glycerol. NaCl (0.4M) was required for optimal growth and tryptophanase activity in whole cells. The enzyme was purified to 92% homogeneity by heat treatment, hydroxyapatite chromatography and fractionation with ammonium sulfate. This tryptophanase has been found to have kinetic properties similar to the tryptophanase from other microorganisms. It carries out both α, β-elimination reactions (using tryptophan, serine, cysteine and S-methyl-cysteine as substrates) and β-replacement reactions (forming tryptophan from indole and serine, cysteine or S-methyl-cysteine). The enzyme has a sedimentation coefficient of 9.2S and requires pyridoxal 5′-phosphate as a cofactor. The optimal pH for the tryptophanase reaction is pH 8.0.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411356
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Screening for lignin degrading bacteria by means of 14C-labelled lignins (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 119 (1978), S. 103-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Lignin biodegradation ; Bacteria ; Nocardia spp. ; Pseudomonas spp.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Several Nocardia and Pseudomonas spp., as well as some unidentified bacteria, isolated from lake water containing high loads of waste lignin, were tested for their capacity to release 14CO2 from specifically 14C-labelled dehydropolymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP) or corn stalk lignins. The bacteria were selected according to their ability to degrade phenolic compounds. However, only some of them could release significant amounts of 14CO2 from the labelled lignin. The tested Nocardia spp. were more active than the Pseudomonas spp. and the unidentified bacteria. The most active strains belonged to N. autotrophica. These strains released CO2 significantly from the methoxyl group and transformed the other carbons from the phenylpropane skeleton of lignin also into CO2. Other less demethylating strains also released little CO2 from the other carbons of the lignin molecule. From corn stalk materials which were specifically labelled in the lignin part only small amounts of labelled CO2 were released.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00407936
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energieabhängige 63Ni-Aufnahme bei Alcaligenes eutrophus Stamm H 1 und H 16 (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 113 (1977), S. 145-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Nickel accumulation ; Bacteria ; Heavy metal transport ; 63Nickel isotope ; Alcaligenes eutrophus ; Chemolithotrophy ; Hydrogen oxidizing bacteria ; Active transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Kinetik der Aufnahme von 63Ni wurde an zwei Stämmen von Alcaligenes eutrophus untersucht, die Nickelionen für das chemolithotrophe Wachstum benötigen. Mit Kohlendioxid als einziger Kohlenstoffquelle wird das Wachstum durch niedrige Konzentrationen von Nickel gefördert, wobei das Optimum der Wachstumsförderung bei 0,3 μM Nickel lag. Höhere Nickelkonzentrationen wirkten hemmend. Das heterotrophe Wachstum mit Fructose wurde durch Nickelionen nicht gefördert. — Übertragen in Phosphatpuffer, der von Schwermetallionen befreit worden war, zeigten autotroph gewachsene Zellen eine rasche Aufnahme von 63Ni, sofern Wasserstoff, Sauerstoff und Kohlendioxid zugegen waren. Dabei wurde Nickel innerhalb von 60 min aus dem umgebenden Medium bis zur 280 fachen Konzentration in den Zellen angehäuft. Die beobachtete Ni-Aufnahme zeigte ein Temperaturoptimum bei etwa 29° C und wurde durch Hemmstoffe wie Arsenit, Jodacetat, Methylenblau, Natriumazid und Natriumcyanid stark beeinträchtigt. Andere Schwermetallionen (Zn, Co, Mn und Cu) verminderten die Nickelaufnahme nur geringfügig. Durch 58NiCl2 und Toluol wurde der Efflux von 63Ni aus den Zellen gefördert. Die Beobachtungen lassen darauf schließen, daß Nickelionen durch einen energieabhängigen Prozeß in chemolithotroph gewachsenen Zellen dieser Stämme angehäuft werden.
    Notes: Abstract Kinetic studies of the uptake of 63Ni were undertaken with two strains of Alcaligenes eutrophus, known to require nickel ions for chemolithotrophic growth. Using carbon dioxide as sole carbon source, growth is stimulated by low concentrations of nickel with optimum concentration for growth stimulation at about 0.3 μM nickel. Higher nickel concentrations were inhibitory. Heterotrophic growth on fructose was not stimulated by nickel ions.-Upon transfer into phosphate buffer freed of heavy metal ions, autotrophically grown cells exhibited rapid uptake of 63Ni which was dependent upon th presence of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide. Within 60 min nickel was accumulated from the medium, reaching 280-fold concentration in the cells. The observed uptake exhibited a temperature optimum at about 29° C and was markedly inhibited by metabolic inhibitors such as arsenite, iodoacetate, methylene-blue, sodium azide and sodium cyanide. Other heavy metal ions (Zn, Co, Mn and Cu) only slightly inhibited 63Ni-uptake. The efflux of 63Ni from the cells was stimulated by 58NiCl2 and by toluene. These data indicate that nickel ions are accumulated by an energy dependent mechanism in chemolithotrophically grown cells of these strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428595
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