ALBERT

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉〈span〉This study delves into the management of electronic waste (e-waste) stemming from the disposal of personal electronic items and mobile phones, primarily in response to the remarkable surge in the utilization of these devices within the Hassan city populace in recent years. The principal objectives revolved around investigating the existing disposal methods for electronic devices including mobile phones and collecting fundamental data concerning their disposal practices within the geographical confines of Hassan city of Karnataka State. Additionally, an endeavor was undertaken to gauge the level of awareness among respondents regarding the potential hazards posed by e-waste. It was observed that a significant proportion of the Hassan population typically retains especially electronic devices is cell phones, once these devices become outdated and obsolete. Among the prevalent disposal methods, the most widespread approach involves selling these gadgets to scrap dealers or junk shops, whereas recycling practices remain relatively underutilized. Notably, a mere minority of individuals engage in recycling activities. An intriguing revelation emerged, with 65% of respondents expressing concern about the adverse repercussions of improper e-waste disposal on human health and the environment. Astonishingly, all respondents admitted to having no knowledge of the fate of their discarded electronic devices. Based on the findings gleaned from this survey, it is strongly recommended that a comprehensive review be conducted on the overarching management of e-waste stemming from this electronic waste including mobile phones, gadgets in the Hassan city of Karnataka State. The purpose of these surveys and data collection endeavors is to approximate the volume of e-waste generated through the disposal of these devices. This information is envisioned to assist stakeholders and government agencies in formulating effective and efficient legislation and policies for the proficient management of e-waste〈/span〉〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Indian Railroads is one of the largest railroad systems in the World. The Indian railway system has grown significantly over the years, as seen by the massive construction of its railroads; nonetheless, some accidents are caused by fractures in the railway track. Splits may occur because of the track's expansion or contraction brought on by seasonal variations. This study proposes a crack monitoring vehicle that employs an ultrasonic sensor to detect fractures on railway tracks and uses an Arduino Uno to facilitate the GSM and GPS module to send an SMS to the testing station, thereby mitigating the problems caused by these cracks. This intelligent system works like a remote monitoring system which gives an alert to stop the passage of trains in that path. The proposed model involves the use of Arduino, ultrasonic sensor, buzzer, GSM module, and GPS module.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Road safety is a critical concern in the modern world, where advancements in technology have made our lives easier but have also given rise to increased traffic hazards and road accidents. The "Car Accident Detector and Informer" project is an innovative system aimed at enhancing road safety by accurately detecting and informing about car accidents in real-time. This project integrates advanced sensors, microcontroller technology, and communication protocols to create an efficient accident detection and notification system. Utilizing GPS and GSM technology for precise location tracking and instant notifications, this system has the potential to reduce emergency response times, save lives, and minimize property damage. This research paper presents a detailed overview of the project, including its objectives, working principles, components, advantages, disadvantages, and prospects.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Spatiotemporal data analytics is a dynamic field that seeks to extract valuable information from data that integrates both spatial and temporal dimensions. This article explores the importance of this emerging field and its applications in a variety of fields, including environmental science, public health, and urban planning. Spatiotemporal data analysis addresses important research questions, such as determining event probabilities, understanding change patterns, identifying associations between events, and predicting events Future. However, this comes with many challenges, including managing large datasets, ensuring data quality, dealing with spatial and temporal autocorrelation, and more. To address these challenges, proposed solutions include data reduction and sampling, dimensionality reduction, data compression, use of spatial and temporal indexes, parallel and distributed processing, data filtering and pre- processing. Furthermore, strategies to handle spatial and temporal autocorrelation include exploratory data analysis, using spatial weight matrices, including spatially lagged variables, and regression models. spatial attribution, cluster analysis, etc for spatial autocorrelation and for temporal autocorrelation, solutions include time series analysis, differencing, ARIMA models, lagged variables, time series decomposition, exponential smoothing, state space modelling, machine learning, cross-validation, and regularization techniques. These approaches provide valuable insights to address the complexity of spatio-temporal data analysis and unlock its potential in various fields.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Diamond drilling, a core drilling technique employing diamond-encrusted drill bits, has emerged as a critical method for extracting cylindrical rock samples from diverse geological formations. This article provides an extensive overview of diamond drilling, encompassing its equipment, applications, challenges, and its pivotal role in geological exploration, mining, and construction projects. The versatility of diamond drilling is evident in its adaptability to various rock types, spanning the gamut from soft sedimentary strata to formidable crystalline structures. In mining, it serves as an indispensable tool for assessing the quality, depth, and size of mineral deposits. Likewise, in construction and civil engineering, diamond drilling aids in ascertaining geological conditions for safe and stable foundation design. Environmental considerations are paramount in contemporary drilling practices, with containment measures for drilling fluids to mitigate ecological impacts. Safety precautions are rigorously adhered to, ensuring the well-being of workers and the integrity of drilling operations. Furthermore, core samples extracted through diamond drilling are instrumental in geological investigations. These samples, meticulously analyzed, yield insights into rock composition, mineral content, and geological structures. They inform decisions in resource exploration, mine planning, and construction project management. This review underscores the invaluable contributions of diamond drilling to our understanding of the Earth's subsurface, emphasizing its adaptability, environmental consciousness, and safety. By examining the critical aspects of this technique, this article illuminates the profound impact of diamond drilling on various industries and the scientific community, positioning it as an indispensable tool for unlocking the secrets hidden beneath the Earth's surface.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the necessity for digital infrastructure and accessibility, particularly in the education sector. This paper investigates the benefits and effectiveness of utilizing Green Cloud Computing (GCC) techniques for the dissemination of educational library data in remote regions of India during this critical period. The GCC model, known for its energy efficiency and reduced environmental impact, is proposed as a robust, scalable, and eco-friendly solution for providing remote educational access. The research utilizes a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both quantitative assessments of data reach and usage, and qualitative surveys to understand user experiences. The study reveals that GCC techniques can significantly improve educational resource distribution, thereby mitigating the educational disparities further exacerbated by the pandemic. These findings reinforce the potential of GCC techniques as a sustainable and inclusive technology in reshaping the educational landscape in remote regions.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉One of the most crucial global issues of our era is climate change, whose consequences are presently being felt all over the world. As climate change keeps on forgoing, it's important that governments, organizations, and businesses take visionary actions for adapting and protecting themselves from calamities.〈/em〉〈em〉 This paper summarizes the application of Remote Sensing (RS) and 〈/em〉〈em〉Geographic Information System (〈/em〉〈em〉GIS) in observing impact of climate change on drought, soil moisture, land degradation, food security, EHIs’ characterization and blue carbon science and review of AI based climate solutions. The〈/em〉〈em〉 〈/em〉〈em〉integration of advanced machine learning algorithms,〈/em〉〈em〉 〈/em〉〈em〉real-time data analysis, and other cutting-edge technologies could lead to even more effective climate change〈/em〉〈em〉 〈/em〉〈em〉adaptation strategies. AI-activated climate change adaptation strategies have the prospective to significantly〈/em〉〈em〉 〈/em〉〈em〉improve the resilience of infrastructure communities, and businesses to the changing climate.〈/em〉〈strong〉〈/strong〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Urban transportation systems face significant challenges due to rapid population growth and development. This study delves into the enhancement of road safety in Navi Mumbai by employing Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques. The escalating rate of vehicular accidents in Navi Mumbai presents a pressing concern. This research investigates accident data and traffic patterns, identifying vulnerable areas prone to accidents and congestion. By conducting spatial analysis using GIS and RS, the study aims to uncover accident hotspots and traffic congestion zones, offering insights into underlying road safety issues. The research methodology involves a multi-stage process. Initial data collection from various sources, including police reports, live traffic data, and satellite imagery, forms the foundation. Geographic coordinates extracted and processed through GIS applications aid in plotting accident locations and creating density maps. Additionally, on-site investigations at strategically chosen locations provide invaluable insights into local conditions, traffic patterns, and contributing factors to congestion and accidents. The findings are presenting tailored solutions for each area, ranging from optimized traffic signal timings to infrastructural improvements. The findings of this study present actionable insights aimed at improving road safety and traffic management in Navi Mumbai. Recommendations encompassing signal optimizations, infrastructure enhancements, and community engagement strategies offer a holistic approach to mitigate traffic congestion and reduce accidents. The collaborative effort with relevant authorities, as highlighted in the study, serves as a crucial step towards implementing these recommendations for meaningful change. This research not only identifies critical areas for intervention but also serves as a model for leveraging GIS and RS techniques to enhance the road safety in urban areas, paving the way for safer and efficient transportation networks in the future.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉The urgency to transition to renewable energy sources is underscored by the environmental crises stemming from our reliance on non-renewable fuels. This study focuses on assessing wind energy potential in Odisha, India, utilizing satellite data and Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies. The research addresses the critical need for strategic planning and site selection before investing in renewable energy infrastructure. By employing a model that integrates various free satellite datasets and leverages fundamental physical principles, the study calculates wind power density (WPD) at a height of 90 meters above the surface for both onshore and offshore locations. The methodology involves acquiring and processing datasets such as temperature, wind speed, digital elevation model (DEM), pressure, air density, and land use/land cover (LULC) classifications. The model applies equations derived from physical laws to determine key parameters necessary for calculating WPD. Specifically, temperature and pressure data are used to estimate air density, while surface roughness is assigned based on LULC classes with windspeed at 10m to extrapolate wind speed at 90 meters above ground level. The method can be used at any hub height. Results reveal significant wind energy potential in Odisha, particularly along the coastal regions. Jagatsinghpur and Puri emerge as areas with high WPD onshore, while the offshore exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of Odisha exhibits substantial wind energy resources. The model outputs provide valuable insights for various studies related to renewable energy and facilitate informed decision-making in site selection analyses. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the simplicity and effectiveness of the developed model,〈/em〉〈br〉〈em〉making it a practical tool for assessing wind energy potential in other regions as well. Overall, this research contributes to the global effort towards transitioning to sustainable energy sources and combating climate change. By highlighting the renewable energy potential of Odisha, it underscores the importance of harnessing wind energy as a viable pathway towards a cleaner, greener future.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉The research strives to enhance digital surveying methodologies for precise and detailed land mapping, utilizing advanced instruments like terrestrial scanners, SLAM scanners, total stations, DGPS, and drones. The survey conducted at Ratnagiri Hill in Udaipur aims to scrutinize and compare the merits and drawbacks of each surveying method. The study outlines a systematic process encompassing data collection, processing, output generation, and validation of survey techniques. It highlights the adaptability of these methods across various〈br〉domains, such as building conservation, restoration, and mapping of typically inaccessible areas, emphasizing their potential for time and resource savings. The research underscores the effectiveness of a one-time data collection process for subsequent work, laying the groundwork for the advancement of digital surveying technologies. When integrated with the Total station and DGPS survey, the combination of terrestrial scanners, drones, and SLAM scanners achieves a vertical accuracy of around 32 mm.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Landuse play a role in the determination of main’s social, economic, and cultural progress. In general, the idea of land use is connected to the local physical environment. Landuse reflect a complex correlation between natural historical and socio-economic factors. Besides, size of holding and caste structure determine the changing of land use on the agricultural crops. Such as undulating terrain and hilly poor land determine the process of farming and as-well-as sometime at the capacity of farmers. The present study characteristics of changing pattern of land use in the Sagar district. Slightly more-than half (52.64%) of the total geographical area is net sown in 2021. This proportion is higher than the 48.93% statewide average. An additional 2.29% of the total area is made up of fallow areas. As a consequence, around 75% of the land had farmed. The forest land (24.46%) is quite similar to the average distribution. Around 1.69% of the area is designated as barren and uncultivable due to physical limitations. For a number of reasons, other uncultivated land accounts for about 10.65% of the total area. Land use patterns are influenced by cropping practices and intensity of farming as well as human social and economic position, institutional makeup, and technology advancements. The terrain of its land is ridged on a big chunk of it. Therefore, regional balances of natural processes within them are crucial prerequisites for the rising population's access to food security and its ability to get the most out of the resources at hand.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉The ruling aspect of the present investigation is to study the textural characters as well as to understand the grain size relationship and distributionby engaging granulometric analysis, along the Pennar estuary, South east coast of India. An aggregate of 36 Surface sediment samples were retrieved and a comprehensive study of textural parameters and various size distribution of sediments were analysed at six various stations in six different micro – environments viz., dune, backshore, berm, upper foreshore (UFS), middle foreshore (MFS) and lower foreshore (LFS).  These were further subjected to statistical treatment viz., Mean size (Mz), Skewness (Sk), Standard deviation (σ〈strong〉〈sub〉I〈/sub〉〈/strong〉), and Kurtosis (K〈sub〉G〈/sub〉). The procured results indicates that the sediment samples were coarse to fine grained, very negatively skewed to positively skewed, very well to moderately sorted, and platy tovery leptokurtic in nature and also indicates two mixed environments at some stations. Scatter plots were help to understand the mode of deposition, geological significance and transportation of grains along the coast. Scatter plots also divulges that the sediments along the coast were mainly associated with fluvial process. C-M diagrams demonstrate the type of transportation and deposition of the beach sediments. Ebbing and flooding shows prominent role in changing the characteristics of grains in the Pennar estuary, especially in the estuarine mouth and adjoining river areas.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉〈span〉Currently, wind and solar power generation systems have many drawbacks. Wind and solar power generation Full use of new energy will break the barrier to growth. Location for wind/solar hybrid power plant the primary problem is how to choose scientifically. This article selects six wind/solar hybrid power plants and implements them as a case study and evaluates these six areas via VIKOR by weighting the indicators through the MCDM method. Conclusions Related research findings and better valid, this demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the method. This macro-site selection plants may provide some theoretical basis. In this statistical methods in the literature and established by statistical analysis. Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka taken this alternative in this method and evaluation parameters are Total investment, Wind direction, Wind speed and speed change, sunshine stabilization, wind power density, energy saving, Environmental factors. Gujarat is on 2nd rank, Rajasthan is on the 1st rank, Tamil Nadu is on the 3rd rank, Indian Karnataka is on the 4th rank, Maharashtra is on the 5th rank and finally Andhra Pradesh is on the 6th rank.〈/span〉〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Flood hazard mapping, which uses model and satellite remote sensing data, is extremely useful for flood monitoring and risk management. The flood inundation extent and flooding depth on Majuli Island and its surrounding area in Assam, India, were simulated using MIKE FLOOD, a coupled 1D-2D hydrodynamic model. MIKE FLOOD is a platform that integrates the MIKE Hydro River (1D) and MIKE 21 FM (2D) models into a dynamically coupled single modeling framework. The study employed daily discharge and water level data from several gauging stations operated by the Centre Water Commission (CWC), Global Flood Monitoring System (GFMS), and Water Resource Department (WRD) of Assam. First, the MIKE Hydro River (1D) model was calibrated using discharge and water level data from 2016 to 2018 and validated for the period of 2019-2021. The MIKE Hydro River (1D) model's calibration and validation results were evaluated using a numerous of performance metrics. From ALOS PALSAR DEM data / SRTM DEM data, a fine mesh and bathymetry of Majuli Island with a spatial resolution of 10m has been created and provided as an input to the MIKE 21 FM (2D, Flow Model). The MIKE Hydro River (1D) and MIKE 21 FM (2D) models were then linked to the MIKE FLOOD model for simulating two-dimensional flood inundations in the study area through lateral linkages. Flood inundation has been simulated for the year 2020, and the model's maximum flood inundation extent has been compared to the actual flooded area retrieved from Sentinel-1 C-Band satellite data. The R〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 in the study area was ranging between 0.86 and 0.97, but the WBL in the MIKE Hydro River model was less than 1.23. On the opposite hand, the MIKE FLOOD's total accuracy is 93.6 percent according to the confusion matrix. According to the most recent model simulation, flooding will occur between July 19 and July 21, 2020, with the greatest and lowest flood depths being 2.38 and 0.786 m, respectively〈/em〉〈em〉. In addition, the MIKE FLOOD model may be used for flood control in the future, and this research will aid policymakers in the field of water management in achieving successful mitigation measures.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉A simulation tool of a sky wave over-the-horizon radar performance and detection process includes many stages based on different models, which creates a synthetic searching scenario as a first step followed by a digital signal processing to detect and locate a potential target. Its accuracy will depend on the quality of the input and adequacy degree of the model assumptions. A sensitivity analysis of this simulation tool is carried out analyzing outputs’ variation as a consequence of changes in input factors. The architecture of this tool allow easy implementation and the study of input variables impact on detection and location results that can be useful towards dimensioning features and elements of a real radar〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉This work provides an overview of the use of remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques for mineral exploration. The integration and analysis of various data types, including geological, geochemical, geophysical, and remote sensing data, using remote sensing and GIS tools allow for the creation of comprehensive maps and models of mineral deposits. The advantages of remote sensing and GIS in mineral exploration include more effective targeting of exploration activities, assessment of environmental and social impacts of mining activities, and creation of predictive models of mineral deposits. However, limitations to their use include the quality and resolution of input data, the expertise of the user, and availability and accessibility of data. As technology continues to improve and the availability of data increases, the use of remote sensing and GIS is likely to become even more important for the efficient and sustainable exploration and development of mineral resources.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Himachal Pradesh state is very vulnerable to flash floods, landslides, and riverbank erosion. Efforts have been made to develop a tool that can predict these disasters before the event, so that the authorities can take the protection measures. A web-enable 〈/em〉〈em〉vulnerability assessment tool has been developed for identification of vulnerable reaches for flood, riverbank erosion, and landslide in Himachal Pradesh. 〈/em〉〈em〉Historical excessive rainfall events, flash floods events and its causes, largest instrumented earthquake events have been reviewed and analyzed in detail. A flash flood risk index for rainfall-induced events occurring during the monsoon, glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) risk index to monitor glacial lakes, and landslide risk index have been developed. 〈/em〉〈em〉River model (HecRAS,1D) model has developed for 〈/em〉〈em〉inflow forecasting system and 〈/em〉〈em〉early warning system; flood model (TUFLOW/SOBEK, 2D) has developed to identify the flood prone areas; river morphological model (Delft, 3D) has developed to find out the morphological active areas; historical satellite imageries between 1973-2023 have been analyzed by using 〈/em〉〈em〉artificial intelligence technology〈/em〉〈em〉 to identify the riverbank erosion areas, landslide active area; these imageries have also analyzed for snowmelt forecasting and GLOF study. 〈/em〉〈em〉Multi criteria analysis model has been developed for identification of vulnerable reaches.〈/em〉〈em〉 These all five activities have been integrated in the web-enable real-time vulnerability assessment tool of Himachal Pradesh. This tool can be identified of vulnerable reaches for riverbank erosion, flood, and landslide in real-time meaner, and can predict the flash floods. The tool is available at: https://www.hpVulnerableReach-kupa.com. This tool is very useful for authorities, communities, and stakeholders, who take the protection measures during the disaster. There is still a need for some improvement, this tool can be upgraded at large scale, which can be done with the help of concern department or can be done with more accurate data as well when funds will available.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Urban sprawl is increasing rapidly with the increased rate of rural to urban migration and with the tremendous population growth. Due to rural-urban migration and continuous population growth; urban centers tend to expand outwards to lodge the ever-increasing population pressure. Urban sprawl has to be considered in spatio-temporal terms to understand the phenomena of urban growth, land use and land transformation.  Urban sprawl is momentous to the quality of life of urban dwellers as well as quantity of rural land lost and land degradation; key issues of agricultural as well as environmental perspectives. Himalayan state of Uttarakhand is witnessing steady and continuous urban growth. Urban sprawl in Ranikhet tehsil has resulted in loss of productive agricultural land of the surrounding rural areas, open green spaces, loss of surface water bodies, and depletion of groundwater too. Problems of dwellings, slums, and unhygienic livings are also growing rapidly with the rapid urban sprawl. There is regular competition between urban and rural areas for land needed for growth and development.  The present study finds out that the built-up areas of different towns of Ranikhet tehsil have been increased from 4.92km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 in 2000 to 6.19km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 in 2010 which has further been increased to 7.70km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 in 2020 witnesses a continuous struggle for space in Ranikhet tehsil.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉A simulation tool of a sky wave over-the-horizon radar performance and detection process includes many stages based on different models, which creates a synthetic searching scenario as a first step followed by a digital signal processing to detect and locate a potential target. Its accuracy will depend on the quality of the input and adequacy degree of the model assumptions. A sensitivity analysis of this simulation tool is carried out analyzing outputs’ variation as a consequence of changes in input factors. The architecture of this tool allow easy implementation and the study of input variables impact on detection and location results that can be useful towards dimensioning features and elements of a real radar〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉This work provides an overview of the use of remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques for mineral exploration. The integration and analysis of various data types, including geological, geochemical, geophysical, and remote sensing data, using remote sensing and GIS tools allow for the creation of comprehensive maps and models of mineral deposits. The advantages of remote sensing and GIS in mineral exploration include more effective targeting of exploration activities, assessment of environmental and social impacts of mining activities, and creation of predictive models of mineral deposits. However, limitations to their use include the quality and resolution of input data, the expertise of the user, and availability and accessibility of data. As technology continues to improve and the availability of data increases, the use of remote sensing and GIS is likely to become even more important for the efficient and sustainable exploration and development of mineral resources.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Himachal Pradesh state is very vulnerable to flash floods, landslides, and riverbank erosion. Efforts have been made to develop a tool that can predict these disasters before the event, so that the authorities can take the protection measures. A web-enable 〈/em〉〈em〉vulnerability assessment tool has been developed for identification of vulnerable reaches for flood, riverbank erosion, and landslide in Himachal Pradesh. 〈/em〉〈em〉Historical excessive rainfall events, flash floods events and its causes, largest instrumented earthquake events have been reviewed and analyzed in detail. A flash flood risk index for rainfall-induced events occurring during the monsoon, glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) risk index to monitor glacial lakes, and landslide risk index have been developed. 〈/em〉〈em〉River model (HecRAS,1D) model has developed for 〈/em〉〈em〉inflow forecasting system and 〈/em〉〈em〉early warning system; flood model (TUFLOW/SOBEK, 2D) has developed to identify the flood prone areas; river morphological model (Delft, 3D) has developed to find out the morphological active areas; historical satellite imageries between 1973-2023 have been analyzed by using 〈/em〉〈em〉artificial intelligence technology〈/em〉〈em〉 to identify the riverbank erosion areas, landslide active area; these imageries have also analyzed for snowmelt forecasting and GLOF study. 〈/em〉〈em〉Multi criteria analysis model has been developed for identification of vulnerable reaches.〈/em〉〈em〉 These all five activities have been integrated in the web-enable real-time vulnerability assessment tool of Himachal Pradesh. This tool can be identified of vulnerable reaches for riverbank erosion, flood, and landslide in real-time meaner, and can predict the flash floods. The tool is available at: https://www.hpVulnerableReach-kupa.com. This tool is very useful for authorities, communities, and stakeholders, who take the protection measures during the disaster. There is still a need for some improvement, this tool can be upgraded at large scale, which can be done with the help of concern department or can be done with more accurate data as well when funds will available.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Urban sprawl is increasing rapidly with the increased rate of rural to urban migration and with the tremendous population growth. Due to rural-urban migration and continuous population growth; urban centers tend to expand outwards to lodge the ever-increasing population pressure. Urban sprawl has to be considered in spatio-temporal terms to understand the phenomena of urban growth, land use and land transformation.  Urban sprawl is momentous to the quality of life of urban dwellers as well as quantity of rural land lost and land degradation; key issues of agricultural as well as environmental perspectives. Himalayan state of Uttarakhand is witnessing steady and continuous urban growth. Urban sprawl in Ranikhet tehsil has resulted in loss of productive agricultural land of the surrounding rural areas, open green spaces, loss of surface water bodies, and depletion of groundwater too. Problems of dwellings, slums, and unhygienic livings are also growing rapidly with the rapid urban sprawl. There is regular competition between urban and rural areas for land needed for growth and development.  The present study finds out that the built-up areas of different towns of Ranikhet tehsil have been increased from 4.92km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 in 2000 to 6.19km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 in 2010 which has further been increased to 7.70km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 in 2020 witnesses a continuous struggle for space in Ranikhet tehsil.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Flood hazard mapping, which uses model and satellite remote sensing data, is extremely useful for flood monitoring and risk management. The flood inundation extent and flooding depth on Majuli Island and its surrounding area in Assam, India, were simulated using MIKE FLOOD, a coupled 1D-2D hydrodynamic model. MIKE FLOOD is a platform that integrates the MIKE Hydro River (1D) and MIKE 21 FM (2D) models into a dynamically coupled single modeling framework. The study employed daily discharge and water level data from several gauging stations operated by the Centre Water Commission (CWC), Global Flood Monitoring System (GFMS), and Water Resource Department (WRD) of Assam. First, the MIKE Hydro River (1D) model was calibrated using discharge and water level data from 2016 to 2018 and validated for the period of 2019-2021. The MIKE Hydro River (1D) model's calibration and validation results were evaluated using a numerous of performance metrics. From ALOS PALSAR DEM data / SRTM DEM data, a fine mesh and bathymetry of Majuli Island with a spatial resolution of 10m has been created and provided as an input to the MIKE 21 FM (2D, Flow Model). The MIKE Hydro River (1D) and MIKE 21 FM (2D) models were then linked to the MIKE FLOOD model for simulating two-dimensional flood inundations in the study area through lateral linkages. Flood inundation has been simulated for the year 2020, and the model's maximum flood inundation extent has been compared to the actual flooded area retrieved from Sentinel-1 C-Band satellite data. The R〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 in the study area was ranging between 0.86 and 0.97, but the WBL in the MIKE Hydro River model was less than 1.23. On the opposite hand, the MIKE FLOOD's total accuracy is 93.6 percent according to the confusion matrix. According to the most recent model simulation, flooding will occur between July 19 and July 21, 2020, with the greatest and lowest flood depths being 2.38 and 0.786 m, respectively〈/em〉〈em〉. In addition, the MIKE FLOOD model may be used for flood control in the future, and this research will aid policymakers in the field of water management in achieving successful mitigation measures.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉The invasion of Ukraine by Russian forces has led to sharp rises in gas prices in Europe and around the world with real concerns about the possible curtailment of gas flows from Russia to Europe. Pipeline imports from Russia began falling in the last quarter of 2021 and declined even further in January and most […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/ukraine-invasion-what-this-means-for-the-european-gas-markets/"〉Ukraine Invasion: What This Means for the European Gas Market〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈div〉〈p〉〈em〉A Geographic Information System (GIS) includes of a hardware and software which are used for purposes such as to capture, store, evaluate, administer and distribute spatial data. GIS has a vast array of spatial analysis tools such as GIS viewer, Geodatabase, mapping tools, modelling tools etc. At present GIS is broadly used in conjunction with multi criteria decision analysis method to perform infrastructure studies and transportation studies such as road and rail. Multi criteria decision analysis can be applied in vehicle routing, site selection, scenario evaluation, land suitability, impact assessment, and location allocation for different sectors. According to majority of the literature, main factors considered in designing railway with GIS are land use, slope, drainage and soil. When multi criteria decision analysis is combined with GIS, it considers different geographical data models, spatial dimension of the evaluating criteria and decision alternatives in those criteria. The best route out of various alternate alignments has been designed using GIS thematic maps and network analysis in ArcGIS as a base. As a conclusion, this review study proves that multi criteria decision analysis combined with GIS plays a major role in modern railroad construction. 〈strong〉 〈/strong〉〈/em〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉In late 2021, China experienced a severe electricity supply crisis that affected 20 provinces. Industrial activity was curtailed, and even households suffered prolonged outages in some areas. The country is no stranger to periodic energy supply shortages and in many outages in the past, the principal causes involved either poor policy coordination or a clash […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oxford-energy-forum-the-2021-energy-crisis-implications-for-chinas-energy-market-and-policies/"〉Oxford Energy Forum – The 2021 energy crisis: Implications for China’s energy market and policies – Issue 131〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Air pollution is mainly due to the release of pollutants into the atmosphere which are detrimental to the planet and human health in particular〈/em〉〈em〉.〈/em〉〈em〉 Monitoring for the air quality parameters is important because it may lead to the adverse effects on the environment. The quantitative analysis of the air pollution spreads over the Bangalore city is carried out using two different data sources, one from ground monitoring stations and the other from the satellite derived data. Ambient Air Quality data for Bangalore region recorded by Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) for 2018–2020 were analysed in the open source GIS platform. Air quality parameters like aerosol optical depth (AOD), Nitrogen di-oxide (NO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉) etc. were collected from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MODIS) and Ozone monitoring instruments for spatial analysis. Data were analysed and compared and found that satellite based data of NO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 from the sensors provide a reliable values in ground-level exposure for a larger urban region.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, energy markets are in turmoil. Oil and gas prices are rising and exhibiting high volatility as the markets grapple with the impact of sanctions and the prospect of reduced flows from Russia . China is heavily exposed to Russian commodity exports and to global markets. The […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/the-russian-invasion-of-ukraine-and-chinas-energy-markets/"〉The Russian invasion of Ukraine and China’s energy markets〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this podcast, James Henderson talks to Anouk Honoré about her forthcoming article “Demand-side factors behind the historical gas price rally in Europe in 2021”. This article is part of a trilogy entitled “A Series of Unfortunate Events” that analyses the main supply and demand factors in the European gas market(s) that contributed to rising gas prices since summer […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oxford-energy-podcast-a-series-of-unfortunate-events-demand-side-factors-in-the-european-gas-price-rally-in-2021/"〉Oxford Energy Podcast – A Series of Unfortunate Events:​ Demand-Side Factors in the European Gas Price Rally ​in 2021〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Podcast-132-EU-Gas-Demand.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Podcast-132-EU-Gas-Demand.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉In this latest OIES podcast James Henderson talks to Mike Fulwood and Jack Sharples about their latest research on the possible impact of an interruption of Russian gas supplies to Europe. After a quick update on current gas prices Jack Sharples reviews the current state of gas supply to Europe, looking at flows in 2021 […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oxford-energy-podcast-the-russian-invasion-of-ukraine-implications-for-the-european-gas-market/"〉Oxford Energy Podcast – The Russian invasion of Ukraine – implications for the European gas market〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Podcast-135-The-Russian-invasion-of-Ukraine-–-implications-for-the-European-gas-market.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Podcast-135-The-Russian-invasion-of-Ukraine-–-implications-for-the-European-gas-market.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉This month’s OIES Oil Monthly Special Issue assesses the implications of the Ukraine war on our short-term oil market outlook for market balances and prices to 2023. The analysis considers two scenarios. A Reference case in which self-sanctioning measures and obstacles in redirecting Russian crude flows due to financing and shipping constraints results in a […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-oil-monthly-issue-12/"〉OIES Oil Monthly – Special Issue 12〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉This paper aims to examine consumer behaviour towards, and the willingness to adopt, ‘green steel’ in the automotive sector. Semi-structured interviews were held with experts from global, regional and country-specific industry associations and automakers. This paper appraises potential demand for green steel within different vehicle types (based both on size and powertrain) and shows that manufacturers […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/steeling-the-race-green-steel-as-the-new-clean-material-in-the-automotive-sector/"〉Steeling the race: ‘Green steel’ as the new clean material in the automotive sector〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this podcast David Ledesma discusses the implications of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine for global oil markets with Bassam Fattouh, Director of OIES based on his latest paper: Russia-Ukraine crisis: Implications for global oil markets with Andreas Economou and Ahmed Mehdi. In this wide-ranging discussion, Bassam Fattouh discusses what the potential loss of Russian oil […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oxford-energy-podcast-russia-ukraine-crisis-implications-for-global-oil-markets/"〉Oxford Energy Podcast – Russia-Ukraine crisis – Implications for global oil markets〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Podcast-134-Russia-Ukraine-crisis-Implications-for-global-oil-markets.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Podcast-134-Russia-Ukraine-crisis-Implications-for-global-oil-markets.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉In September-October 2021, China experienced a severe electricity supply crisis that impacted over twenty provinces, leading to industrial curtailment and residential supply cuts in some areas. In this podcast David Ledesma discusses the causes and implications of this supply crisis with Michal Meidan Director of the Gas Research Programme & the China Energy Research Programme […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oxford-energy-podcast-the-2021-energy-crisis-implications-for-chinas-energy-market-and-policies/"〉Oxford Energy Podcast – The 2021 energy crisis: Implications for China’s energy market and policies〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Podcast-133-The-2021-energy-crisis-Implications-for-Chinas-energy-market-and-policies.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Podcast-133-The-2021-energy-crisis-Implications-for-Chinas-energy-market-and-policies.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉This paper considers potential import routes for low-carbon and renewable hydrogen (H2) to main European markets like Germany. In particular, it analyses claims made by Hydrogen Europe and subsequently picked up by the European Commission in its Hydrogen Strategy that there will be 40GW of electrolyser capacity in nearby countries providing hydrogen imports to Europe […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/potential-development-of-renewable-hydrogen-imports-to-european-markets-until-2030/"〉Potential development of renewable hydrogen imports to European markets until 2030〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉After weeks of tensions, Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered Russian troops to invade Ukraine, prompting an international sanctions response targeting Russia’s economy but not directly its oil supplies or energy payments. But as sanctions on Russia intensified and as financial institutions started to refuse financing Russia-related transactions, including opening letters of credit or clearing payments […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/russia-ukraine-crisis-implications-for-global-oil-markets/"〉Russia-Ukraine crisis: Implications for global oil markets〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉The specter of climate change has impacted shareholder sentiment making many market participants evaluate their business models in accordance with Cop-26 pledges – looking for ways of winning the mandate for capital in a sustainable way. The most familiar approach to reducing carbon footprint is by creating ‘GHG-verified’ claims. Typically, these involve a verified account […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/ghg-verified-mechanisms-for-internationally-traded-crude-oil-and-possible-impact-on-oil-benchmarks/"〉GHG-verified mechanisms for internationally traded crude oil and possible impact on oil benchmarks〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Central banks worldwide are stepping up actions in relation to climate change and taking on an increasingly important role in supporting the energy transition. Given the prominent role that central banks play in the financial markets and in influencing financing conditions, they can act as a powerful catalyst in addressing climate change. But their involvement […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/central-banks-green-shift-and-the-energy-transition/"〉Central Banks’ ‘Green Shift’ and the Energy Transition〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉On 8 March 2022, the European Commission published the outline of a plan to make Europe independent from Russian fossil fuels well before 2030, starting with gas, in light of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The Commission noted that EU gas imports from Russia in 2021 (pipeline and LNG combined) totalled 155 billion cubic metres (bcm), […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/the-eu-plan-to-reduce-russian-gas-imports-by-two-thirds-by-the-end-of-2022-practical-realities-and-implications/"〉The EU plan to reduce Russian gas imports by two-thirds by the end of 2022: Practical realities and implications〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉On 17 March, Michal Meidan testified before the U.S.-China Economic & Security Review Commission on China’s Energy Plans and Practices. In her testimony, Michal discussed the outlook for China’s fossil fuel demand in China, the successes and challenges associated with fossil fuel supply and how this fits into the country’s low carbon energy transition. Michal […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/statement-before-the-u-s-china-economic-and-security-review-commission-policymaking-and-energy-supply-and-demand-in-chinas-domestic-economy/"〉Statement before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission: Policymaking and Energy Supply and Demand in China’s Domestic Economy〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In 2021, China experienced several episodes of power shortages and outages, heightening already existing concerns about energy security. In response, the government instituted a rapid succession of market reforms and other regulatory changes, which have pushed the majority of power users into the power market and also allowed for a wider range of electricity prices. […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oxford-energy-podcast-chinas-power-market-reforms-in-an-age-of-insecurity/"〉Oxford Energy Podcast – China’s power market reforms in an age of insecurity〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Podcast-136-–-Chinas-power-market-reforms-in-an-age-of-insecurity.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Podcast-136-–-Chinas-power-market-reforms-in-an-age-of-insecurity.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉The dramatic rise in European, and indeed in global, gas prices over the summer of 2021, leading to unprecedented prices in Q4, has been the subject of much debate. Is it simply a market reflection of stronger than expected demand and weaker than expected supplies? Or is it a step change in the context of […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/a-series-of-unfortunate-events-explaining-european-gas-prices-in-2021-the-role-of-the-traded-gas-hubs/"〉A Series of Unfortunate Events – Explaining European Gas Prices in 2021: The role of the traded gas hubs〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this OIES podcast James Henderson talks to Anouk Honoré and Jack Sharples about the EU plan to diversify gas imports away from Russia in 2022. They discuss the latest strategy published by the European Commission on March 8, which addresses both the supply and demand-side options. The podcast considers the potential to import an […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oxford-energy-podcast-eu-plans-to-reduce-russian-gas-imports/"〉Oxford Energy Podcast – EU plans to reduce Russian gas imports〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Podcast-137-EU-plans-to-reduce-Russian-gas-imports-.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Podcast-137-EU-plans-to-reduce-Russian-gas-imports-.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉India has been implementing climate actions since 2001, when it was one of very few countries to pass an Energy Conservation Act, followed by an industrial emissions trading scheme to force large manufacturing companies to become more energy efficient. A National Action Plan for Climate Change (NAPCC) was passed in 2008, and included relatively modest […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/indias-progress-on-its-climate-action-plan-an-update-in-early-2022/"〉India’s Progress on its Climate Action Plan – An Update in Early 2022〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has catalysed a chorus of dismay and outrage from western companies with investments in Russia and has led some to announce their withdrawal from the country. Furthermore, it has also caused the US and the EU to impose sanctions on individuals and companies involved in the energy sector and to announce […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/thoughts-on-the-impact-of-foreign-companies-exiting-the-russian-oil-and-gas-industry/"〉Thoughts on the impact of foreign companies exiting the Russian oil and gas industry〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉On February 4 2022 China’s President Xi Jinping and Russia’s President Vladimir Putin signed a series of new oil and gas contracts including an additional 10 bcma gas pipeline deal. This comment reviews how the new gas deal between Russia and China fits into their strategies, highlights the key implications of expanded gas cooperation between […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/russia-and-china-expand-their-gas-deal-key-implications/"〉Russia and China Expand Their Gas Deal: Key Implications〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉This new OIES presentation features a comprehensive empirical assessment of the implications of the Ukraine war on oil price and supply/demand dynamics via a number of forecast scenarios examining the size of disruption in Russian supplies, OPEC and non-OPEC supply response, the impact of the latest US announcement of SPR release and other uncertainty scenarios. […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/russias-invasion-of-ukraine-and-global-oil-market-scenarios/"〉Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and global oil market scenarios〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Brent is the world’s most important crude oil benchmark. Arguably, it is responsible for pricing almost seventy percent of globally traded crude oil and long-term LNG. Over time however, the falling production of Brent has forced the price reporting agencies (PRAs) to introduce new grades in the ‘basket’ of crudes eligible for delivery as ‘Brent’ […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/the-future-of-the-brent-oil-benchmark-a-radical-makeover/"〉The Future of the Brent Oil Benchmark: A Radical Makeover〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this first of a new series of podcasts, OIES presents a regular review of the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on energy markets. James Henderson interviews Mike Fulwood and Jack Sharples on the drivers of current price dynamics, the situation with Russian gas flows to Europe, the availability of LNG supply to Europe and […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-series-russia-ukraine-conflict-impact-on-energy-markets/"〉OIES Podcast Series: Russia-Ukraine War – Impact on Energy Markets〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/OIES-Podcast-Series-Russia-Ukraine-Conflict-–-Impact-on-Energy-Markets-1.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/OIES-Podcast-Series-Russia-Ukraine-Conflict-–-Impact-on-Energy-Markets-1.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉On 31 March 2022, President Putin signed a Decree on the Special Procedure for the Fulfilment by Foreign Buyers of Obligations to Russian Natural Gas Suppliers, which, in essence, requires buyers from ‘unfriendly’ countries to pay in roubles for gas delivered to them after 1 April 2022. The key objective of this comment is to discuss […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/rouble-gas-payment-mechanism-implications-for-gas-supply-contracts/"〉Rouble gas payment mechanism: implications for gas supply contracts〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉〈span〉The focus of this research is to distinguish between shifting land-use patterns and their geo-environmental implications in Simhadripuram Mandal, YSR Kadapa district, Andhra Pradesh, India. While the terms Landuse and Landcover (LULC) are sometimes used interchangeably, they have distinct natural meanings. Landuse refers to the function of a piece of land, such as mining, agriculture, or habitation. Landcover refers to the ground's surface cover, which might include vegetation, water, barren soil, and so on. Landuse is a notion that has a lot of qualities. It refers to people's actions on land that are directly related to the land. Landcover, on the other hand, refers to the vegetation that covers the surface of the land. The changes in LULC in Simhadripuram Mandal during the last ten years were studied using satellite imageries. LULC changes have been mapped using remote sensing and GIS modeling. The study is characterized in to five classifications, they are vegetation, fallow land, barren land, waterbodies, and built-up-land. The results reveal from 2009–10 to 2019–20, waterbodies are slightly increased from 2010 to 2020, is 9.29 km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉. Vegetation is increased positively for the past decade to 25.16 Km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉. The unirrigated land has been decreased to 27.1 km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉. Built-up-land is increased from the last decade; it is noted as 22.77 km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉. Fallow land has been decreased to 30.12 km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉.〈/span〉〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉B〈/em〉〈em〉iodiversity, or the vast diversity of life on Earth, is rapidly vanishing. In the last few decades, there has been a massive loss. Several animal and plant species have declined in recent decades. At an alarming rate, hundreds of thousands of acres of forests have been devastated. Several blue whales, polar bears, pandas, and other well-known animals starved to death. Many yet-to-be-discovered species are also in jeopardy. In recent years, there has been a significant decrease in the number of forests. Surviving species on the planet have a wide range of options for living in diverse settings, each with its own set of behaviors. So, biodiversity is crucial for us. We must preserve it. Humans should find ways to restore balance to our environment. We've identified several contributing factors to the decline in biodiversity, which we can divide into five categories: - land and sea use, pollution, overexploitation of species, changes in the climate, and diseases caused by invasive species. Conservation of diversity is a method for preserving species richness, species diversity, habitat diversity, ecological diversity, and genetic diversity. It maintains our health, prosperity, food, fuel, and services. It shows its vitality in supporting many aspects of development. Here are some innovative and creative ways to aid in the fight against biodiversity loss.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉The gas market in Europe is in a state of real uncertainty as to whether Russia will cut off gas supplies to Europe, or whether the EU should sanction imports of gas on the grounds that their payments are fuelling the Russian war machine in Ukraine. The current situation of uncertainty and not knowing whether […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/russian-gas-to-the-eu-to-sanction-or-not-to-sanction/"〉Russian gas to the EU: to sanction or not to sanction〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉This month’s Special Issue continues to assess the implications of the Ukraine war on our short-term oil market outlook for supply/demand and price dynamics to 2023, featuring the first detailed assessment of the impacts on OECD products demand. The analysis considers two principal scenarios. A Reference case in which self-sanctioning measures and obstacles in redirecting Russian crude and petroleum […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-oil-monthly-issue-13/"〉OIES Oil Monthly – Issue 13〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this latest OIES podcast we continue our weekly updates of the impact of the war between Russia and Ukraine on energy markets. This week we review the significant increase in global LNG supply and its availability to the European market, while also considering the other sources of non-Russian supply. We also review the flows […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-series-impact-of-russia-ukraine-war-on-energy-markets-2/"〉OIES Podcast – Impact of Russia-Ukraine War on Energy Markets Series – 2〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/OIES-Podcast-Series-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-2.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/OIES-Podcast-Series-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-2.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Brent is the world’s most important crude oil benchmark. However, the falling production of Brent has forced the price reporting agencies to introduce new grades in the ‘basket’ of crudes eligible for delivery as ‘Brent’ and widen the loading dates that can be used in their assessments. Brent has become just a brand name in […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-the-future-of-the-brent-oil-benchmark-a-radical-makeover/"〉OIES Podcast – The Future of the Brent Oil Benchmark: A Radical Makeover〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/PODCAST-140-Future-of-the-Brent-Benchmark.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/PODCAST-140-Future-of-the-Brent-Benchmark.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Green Bonds have experienced a massive growth in the recent years and have received growing attention following the Paris Agreement. In this podcast David Ledesma talks to Andrea Maino, Research Fellow at the OIES, about his recent paper “Financing the Energy Transition: The Role, Opportunities and Challenges of Green Bonds” that was published by the […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-financing-the-energy-transition-the-role-opportunities-and-challenges-of-green-bonds/"〉OIES Podcast – Financing the Energy Transition: The Role, Opportunities and Challenges of Green Bonds〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Podcast-138-Financing-the-Energy-Transition-The-Role-Opportunities-and-Challenges-of-Green-Bonds.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Podcast-138-Financing-the-Energy-Transition-The-Role-Opportunities-and-Challenges-of-Green-Bonds.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉The present study was carried out to identify of the groundwater potential zones (GWPZ) in the Mahanadi River delta of Odisha, India using Remote Sensing (RS), Geographical information system (GIS) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approaches. In this study, various thematic maps categorized viz. geology, geomorphology (GM), lineament density (LD), slope, landuse/landcover (LULC), and soils for assessment of GWPZs, which is generated using RS and GIS approach. Further, the relative weights were allocated to various thematic maps using the AHP matrix method and the relative rank 〈/em〉〈em〉assigned to each sub-criterion based on expert advice. Finally, the GWPZ map was prepared by integrating into all these parameters and their respective weights in the GIS software and the study〈/em〉〈em〉 area were categorized into four GWPZs types, i.e. poor, moderate, good, and very good. 〈/em〉〈em〉About 7.12% of area is categorised in the class ‘poor’, 75.66% in ‘moderate’, 9.03% in ‘good’ and 8.19% in ‘very good’ category. The acquired outcomes were validated with the area under well data. The results show that there is a strong positive correlation between the GWPZs with 82% validation high performance and decreases to the low yield potential with poor areas. This study concludes that the AHP model will be a more reliable for the assessment of the GWP. 〈/em〉〈em〉Any groundwater management project carried out in these favourable regions would benefit the stack holders. 〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this podcast, David Ledesma talks to Martin Lambert, Head of OIES Hydrogen Research, about the key messages from the recent European Hydrogen Conference and how they fit with the ongoing research in OIES.   In particular, they cover the heightened energy security concerns following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and hydrogen ambitions in the REPowerEU […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-energy-podcast-hydrogen-current-challenges-in-creating-viable-business-cases/"〉OIES Podcast – Hydrogen: Current challenges in creating viable business cases〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Podcast-142-Hydrogen-Challenges-creating-viable-business-cases.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Podcast-142-Hydrogen-Challenges-creating-viable-business-cases.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉In this third of our series on the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on energy markets James Henderson talks to Bassam Fattouh about the impact of a potential Russian oil embargo on oil supply, demand and prices. Dr Fattouh outlines the conclusions from the latest OIES Oil Monthly, which analyses a number of scenarios for […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-impact-of-russia-ukraine-war-on-energy-markets-series-3-oil-market-focus/"〉OIES Podcast – Impact of Russia-Ukraine War on Energy Markets Series – 3 – Oil Market Focus〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Podcast-143-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-Series-3-Oil-Market-Focus.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Podcast-143-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-Series-3-Oil-Market-Focus.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉In this latest OIES podcast we continue our weekly updates of the impact of the war between Russia and Ukraine on energy markets. This week James Henderson, Jack Sharples and Mike Fulwood review continuing flows of Russian gas to Europe, despite the threat of an embargo. We note the increase in volumes since the invasion […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-impact-of-russia-ukraine-war-on-energy-markets-series-4/"〉OIES Podcast – Impact of Russia-Ukraine War on Energy Markets Series – 4〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/PODCAST-145-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-4.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/PODCAST-145-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-4.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Here you will find the pre-read for session 4 of the April 2022 Sponsors’ Meeting. Session 4 – Gas Sponsors Meeting April 2022〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/pre-read-session-4-energy-transition-scenarios-and-impacts-on-natural-gas/"〉Pre-read Session 4 – Energy Transition Scenarios and Impacts on Natural Gas〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉The strong increase in Turkish demand and the call on Russian pipeline flows, in the context of tight European markets in late 2021 and the high price environment in 2022, raises questions about the outlook for 2022. Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine and Europe’s anticipated need for higher LNG imports, markets are eyeing with […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/turkeys-supply-demand-balance-and-renewal-of-its-ltcs/"〉Turkey’s supply-demand balance and renewal of its LTCs〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this OIES podcast David Ledesma talks to Michal Meidan about China’s recently published energy five-year plans and how they align with the country’s near-term priorities. David and Michal discuss the macroeconomic outlook in China and the implications of the zero-tolerance approach to COVID for oil and gas demand, as well as how the Russian […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oxford-energy-podcast-chinas-energy-plans-and-macroeconomic-realities/"〉OIES Podcast – China’s energy plans and macroeconomic realities?〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/PODCAST-144-Chinas-energy-plans-and-macroeconomic-realities.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/PODCAST-144-Chinas-energy-plans-and-macroeconomic-realities.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉India has taken on the unique challenge of trying to decarbonize while also growing its economy at 8-9% per annum. This is the required growth rate in order to meet the aspirations of its people related to decent employment, reliable economic growth, and improved standards of living. If you’ve heard the expression “trying to change […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oxford-energy-podcast-indias-progress-on-its-climate-action-plan/"〉OIES Podcast – India’s Progress on its Climate Action Plan〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Podcast-146-Indias-Progress-on-its-Climate-Action-Plan.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Podcast-146-Indias-Progress-on-its-Climate-Action-Plan.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉This new OIES presentation features our initial empirical assessment of the implications of the proposed EU ban on Russian oil for supply/demand and price dynamics to 2023. Although the degree of uncertainty surrounding the actual size of Russian supply disruptions remains high, March 2022 data show a very small m/m disruption of less than 1% […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/implication-of-the-proposed-eu-ban-of-russian-oil-for-global-oil-markets/"〉Implication of the proposed EU ban of Russian oil for global oil markets〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this latest OIES podcast, we continue our weekly updates of the impact of the war between Russia and Ukraine on energy markets. This week James Henderson, Jack Sharples and Mike Fulwood discuss the recent cancelation of the Russian gas export contracts with Poland and Bulgaria and the implications for the European gas market. They […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-impact-of-russia-ukraine-war-on-energy-markets-series-5/"〉OIES Podcast – Impact of Russia-Ukraine War on Energy Markets Series – 5〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Podcast-147-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-5.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Podcast-147-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-5.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉This new OIES presentation raises some key questions: How are oil markets coping with the shock so far? What types of trade patterns and trading practices are emerging? Will these shifts be permanent? Russian invasion has raised the ambition for an accelerated energy transition away from hydrocarbons (at least in Europe). Does the Russian invasion […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/russias-invasion-of-ukraine-new-oil-order/"〉Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine: New Oil Order?〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉As infrastructures that connect the energy source with the energy use, energy networks constitute a crucial element of national and global energy systems. They also play a key role in helping with balancing supply and demand, thus ensuring that energy is not only available in the right places but also at the right time. Energy […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/energy-networks-in-the-energy-transition-era/"〉Energy Networks in the Energy Transition Era〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉On 21 April 2022, the European Commission published its guidance for EU Member States and their gas buyers on the Russian Presidential decree, which requested payment for Russian (pipeline) gas, delivered after 1 April 2022, in rubles. The decree and its implications for gas supply contracts have been analysed in a previous OIES publication. This comment […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/the-ec-guidance-on-the-russian-gas-for-rubles-decree-all-things-to-all-people/"〉The EC guidance on the Russian ‘gas for rubles’ decree: all things to all people?〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this latest OIES Podcast, David Ledesma is joined by Mike Fulwood and Jack Sharples to discuss the latest trends on the European gas market. We begin with the latest pricing developments, with day-ahead prices in NW Europe declining slightly, while remaining above 90 EUR/MWh. On the supply side, it was noted that in the […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-impact-of-russia-ukraine-war-on-energy-markets-series-6/"〉OIES Podcast – Impact of Russia-Ukraine War on Energy Markets Series – 6〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/PODCAST-148-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-Series-–-6-.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/PODCAST-148-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-Series-–-6-.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉The completion of the Article 6 rulebook of the Paris Agreement is a necessary step towards building a robust framework in which participants can use collaborative approaches and a market-based mechanism to promote climate and sustainable development goals. There is widespread expectation that the Article 6 rulebook will create the conditions for effective and robust […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/article-6-and-voluntary-carbon-markets/"〉Article 6 and Voluntary Carbon Markets〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Drainage basin characteristics depends on various factors like geology of the area, soil type, hydrological setting of the area etc. Study of morphometric characters is helpful to know more about lithological structures, geomorphological features and conditions, lineaments and hydrological characteristics of the area which in turn throws light on ground water conditions and movement of the area. Study area is Pattankodoli Nala Basin, 〈/em〉〈em〉bounded by latitude 16°36'31'' N to 16°40'44'' N and longitude 74°18'37'' E to 74°22'39'' E in Survey of India (SIO) Toposheet numbers 47L/6 on the scale 1:50000. Morphometric analysis has been carried out and various morphometric aspects have been studied. On the basis of quantitative analysis of morphometric parameters, it found that the Pattankadoli Nala is 4〈sup〉th〈/sup〉 ordered and the whole river contains 50 streams. The low drainage density and low stream frequency indicates that the drainage nala has less runoff in the channel. The basin is having elongated shape and gentle slope. Both relief and drainage density are low to moderate. It is found that 〈/em〉〈em〉the South Western part of the basin has moderate to good ground water potential and is favorable for artificial recharge site construction.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this podcast David Ledesma talks to Gulmira Rzayeva, Senior Visiting Research Fellow about Turkey’s unprecedented demand surge in 2021. Despite well developed natural gas import capacity and diverse supply sources, security of supply became a major issue for the country during the summer of 2021 and the winter of 2021/2022. At the same time, […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-turkeys-gas-supply-demand-balance-and-renewal-of-its-long-term-contracts/"〉OIES Podcast – Turkey’s gas supply-demand balance and renewal of its long-term contracts〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Podcast-149-Turkeys-gas-supply-demand-balance-and-renewal-of-its-long-term-contracts.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Podcast-149-Turkeys-gas-supply-demand-balance-and-renewal-of-its-long-term-contracts.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉The new issue of OIES Oil Monthly, including our latest short-term oil market outlook to 2023, is now available. – The disruption in Russian supplies intensified in April with an estimated loss of 1 mb/d of production m/m. We now expect Russian oil production shut ins to average between 1.6 mb/d and 3 mb/d in […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oil-monthly-issue-14/"〉Oil Monthly – Issue 14〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, global energy markets have tightened with prices of oil and gas surging. At the same time, Chinese oil and gas demand has been relatively weak, raising questions about the impact of high prices on China’s appetite for imported oil and gas. This comment argues that China’s weakening economy, due […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/chinas-diminished-appetite-for-imported-oil-and-gas-is-the-price-not-right/"〉China’s diminished appetite for imported oil and gas: is the price not right?〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉The cement industry is responsible for seven per cent of global industrial greenhouse gas emissions. Despite all the environmental techniques adopted by the industry, clinker production is, and will be, associated with significant amounts of CO2 emissions due to the calcination process. In contrast to other energy-intensive industries, emissions caused by fuel consumption do not […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/the-role-of-ccus-in-decarbonizing-the-cement-industry-a-german-case-study/"〉The role of CCUS in decarbonizing the cement industry: A German case study〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this latest OIES podcast – the seventh in our series on the impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on the European gas market – we continue our analysis of ongoing developments in European gas supply, namely pipeline and LNG imports. With LNG imports at record levels in recent months, and non-Russian pipeline imports […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-impact-of-russia-ukraine-war-on-energy-markets-series-7/"〉OIES Podcast – Impact of Russia-Ukraine War on Energy Markets Series – 7〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/PODCAST-151-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-Series-–-7.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/PODCAST-151-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-Series-–-7.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Energy networks are infrastructures that transfer energy from the production source to the consumers’ premises. They constitute various forms of technologies ranging from established networks, such as electricity and natural gas, to emerging grids, such as hydrogen, heating, and cooling. The net-zero carbon target will result in a significant change in energy systems with important […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-energy-networks-in-the-energy-transition-era/"〉OIES Podcast – Energy Networks in the Energy Transition Era〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Podcast-150-Energy-Networks-in-the-Energy-Transition-Era.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Podcast-150-Energy-Networks-in-the-Energy-Transition-Era.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Since our previous edition of the Quarterly Gas Review, the Russian build-up of troops around Ukraine’s border has erupted into a full-scale invasion. European gas prices, which were already high, surged. In response to the invasion, the European Commission and various European governments announced their intention to reduce dependency on Russian gas imports. In response, […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/quarterly-gas-review-short-and-medium-term-outlook-for-gas-markets/"〉Quarterly Gas Review: Short- and Medium-Term Outlook for Gas Markets〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this latest OIES podcast James Henderson and Mike Fulwood discuss the latest consequences of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on energy markets. They consider the impact of the latest cut-offs of supply to Finland, Denmark and the Netherlands and discuss recent price movements in Europe and the UK, as well as the growing differential between […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-impact-of-russia-ukraine-war-on-energy-markets-series-8/"〉OIES Podcast – Impact of Russia-Ukraine War on Energy Markets Series – 8〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-Series-–-8.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-Series-–-8.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉The applications of Hyper spectral images (HSI) are many, which include agriculture, food quality, remote sensing, medical diagnostics and safety assessment. Hyper spectral image analysis has been used for detecting contaminants and identifying defects in food. It also utilizes advanced software and hardware tools hence allowing users to diagnose and detect pathologies. In this paper an avant-garde investigation about hyper spectral image compression and classification techniques which can be used in various applications like broadcasting of television, remote sensing via satellite, storage and classification of medical images, pictures and documents has been made. Significant increase in multimedia products has created a need to enhance, extract, store and interpret the information received in the most effective manner. The size of a hyper spectral image comprises approximately 138.81 megabytes and hence requires large space for storage. Hence, hyper spectral image compression is of great importance as it reduces the data redundancy and also the hardware space required for storage. Hyper spectral image classification has gained great research attention due to the increasing demand of feature information extraction. This survey focuses on describing the recent advances in spectral–spatial classification of hyperspectral images and various recent advancements in compression techniques for input HSIs.  〈/em〉〈/p〉 〈p〉〈em〉 〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this webinar co-authors Rahmat Poudineh, Christine Brandstätt and Farhad Billimoria discuss the key insights from their recent book, “Electricity distribution networks in the decentralisation era: re-thinking economics and regulation”. They are joined by two eminent discussants: Professor Pierluigi Mancarella, University of Melbourne, and Professor Michael Pollitt, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. The book […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/electricity-distribution-networks-in-the-decentralisation-era-re-thinking-economics-and-regulation/"〉Electricity distribution networks in the decentralisation era: re-thinking economics and regulation〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉This article examines the demand response to the high gas prices in the European gas market, reviewing the main factors in 2021 and in the first four months of 2022. It concludes that, in 2021, high gas prices appear to have had a limited impact on demand, while other factors played a more important role […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/demand-response-to-high-gas-prices-in-europe-in-2021-and-early-2022/"〉Demand response to high gas prices in Europe in 2021 and early 2022〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Europe is not just in a race to meet its medium- and long-term climate targets and to enable the energy transition. For geopolitical and energy security reasons, it is now also in a race to end its dependence on imports of Russian oil, refined products and gas imports as quickly as possible. As a result […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/european-union-offshore-wind-strategy/"〉European Union Offshore Wind Strategy〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this podcast James Henderson talks to Mohua Mukherjee, Senior Research Fellow at the OIES talk about the electric mobility market in India, with a particular focus on the “budget” end. The podcast highlights the difference between large energy transition assets such as solar parks, wind farms and geothermal projects on the one hand, and […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-indias-mass-market-clean-mobility-initiatives-and-its-unique-customized-business-models-for-light-electric-vehicles/"〉OIES Podcast – India’s Mass-Market Clean Mobility Initiatives and its Unique, Customized Business Models for Light Electric Vehicles〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Podcast-152-Indias-Mass-Market-Clean-Mobility-Initiatives-and-its-Unique-Cust.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Podcast-152-Indias-Mass-Market-Clean-Mobility-Initiatives-and-its-Unique-Cust.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉This new OIES presentation assesses the implications of the tightening sanctions on Russian oil for crude and product markets, as well as the short-term oil market outlook in terms of supply/demand and price dynamics. Some key points: The immediate restrictions on Russian crude and products flows remain driven by self- sanctioning. But the EU’s recently […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/russias-invasion-of-ukraine-and-oil-market-dynamics/"〉Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and oil market dynamics〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉The new issue of OIES Oil Monthly, including our latest short-term oil market outlook to 2023, is now available. – EU’s recently agreed embargo on Russian oil has led us to revise upwards our reference case of the expected disruptions in Russian oil production by year-end to 2.6 mb/d from 1.6 mb/d previously. Our reference […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-oil-monthly-issue-15/"〉OIES Oil Monthly – Issue 15〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Africa to date has primarily been a natural gas exporting continent. It has been a source of natural gas supplies to the rest of the world for almost sixty years. But African LNG exporting sources are limited to a few subregions of Africa. Most African countries are far from being endowed with large proven natural […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/africas-lng-import-prospects-in-an-era-of-high-volatility-and-uncertainties/"〉Africa’s LNG import prospects in an era of high volatility and uncertainties〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Land use and landcover (LULC) change has become a critical component of current methods for not just urban planning but also managing a region's natural resources. The focus of this research is to evaluate the LULC scenario that occurred in Yellanuru Mandal of Anantapur district, AP, India between 2010 and 2020 using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). This study was conducted by gathering Landsat data over a decade, from 2010 to 2020, using ERDAS Imagine 2014 and Arc GIS software, and generating a LULC map using a supervised classification approach. The research region's LULC is divided into five types: vegetation, fallow land, agricultural land, developed land, and water bodies/river. Our findings suggest that satellite data are well adapted to classifying land use/land cover at the subpixel level, where land use categories are linked with homogenous land cover.〈/em〉〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this latest OIES podcast on the impact of the Russia Ukraine War on Energy Markets James Henderson talks to Mike Fulwood and Jack Sharples about their views on the gas market and also discusses the European demand response in more detail with Anouk Honore. Jack provides an update on European storage injections and how […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-impact-of-russia-ukraine-war-on-energy-markets-series-9/"〉OIES Podcast – Impact of Russia-Ukraine War on Energy Markets Series – 9〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Podcast-155-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-Series-–-9.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Podcast-155-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-Series-–-9.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉In this latest OIES podcast James Henderson talks to Robin Baker and Philippe Benoit about their upcoming paper “How Project Finance Can Advance the Clean Energy Transition in Developing Countries.” The authors discuss how the huge investment needed in developing countries to meet climate change targets is becoming a critical issue, and that although significant […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-green-energy-finance-in-the-developing-world/"〉OIES Podcast – Green energy finance in the developing world〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/PODCAST-154-Green-energy-finance-in-the-developing-world.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/PODCAST-154-Green-energy-finance-in-the-developing-world.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉In this latest OIES podcast James Henderson talks to Martin Lambert and Ali Abdelshafy about their recent paper entitled “The Role of CCUS in Decarbonising the Cement Industry: a German case study.” The authors discuss why CCUS is so important in the cement industry, and having outlined the general process of carbon capture and storage […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-the-role-of-ccus-in-decarbonising-the-cement-industry/"〉OIES Podcast – The Role of CCUS in Decarbonising the Cement Industry〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/PODCAST-156-The-Role-of-CCUS-in-Decarbonising-the-Cement-Industry.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/PODCAST-156-The-Role-of-CCUS-in-Decarbonising-the-Cement-Industry.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉In this latest OIES podcast James Henderson discusses the latest developments in Russian gas flows to Europe with Mike Fulwood and Jack Sharples following some dramatic rises in the European gas price catalysed by a reduction in volumes arriving through Nord Stream 1. The team review the key reasons for the reduction in activity on […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-impact-of-russia-ukraine-war-on-energy-markets-series-10/"〉OIES Podcast – Impact of Russia-Ukraine War on Energy Markets Series – 10〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Podcast-157-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-10.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Podcast-157-Impact-of-Russia-Ukraine-War-on-Energy-Markets-10.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉To date, China has built 169 national high-tech industrial development zones (HTIDZs) across the country aimed at adjusting its industrial structure and enhancing innovation. These national HTIDZs share comparable preferential policies set by the national government but are established in regions with vastly different local socio-economic contexts. Therefore, the ability of these zones to drive […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/do-chinas-industrial-clusters-increase-energy-efficiency/"〉Do China’s Industrial Clusters Increase Energy Efficiency?〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Climate science confirms the imperative to maintain global temperatures under 2°C and undertake efforts to limit the rise to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels in order to avert extreme climate hazards. This requires that global annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are halved by 2030 and reduced to net zero by 2050. Against this background, policymakers have […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/new-oxford-energy-forum-the-evolution-of-carbon-markets-and-their-role-in-climate-mitigation-and-sustainable-development-issue-132/"〉New Oxford Energy Forum – The Evolution of Carbon Markets and their Role in Climate Mitigation and Sustainable Development – Issue 132〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉In this podcast, David Ledesma talks to Michal Meidan, Director of the Gas and China Research Programmes at the OIES, and Byford Tsang who is Senior Policy Advisor at E3G’s Climate Diplomacy team about China’s climate policies and the extent to which China’s 2021 energy crisis and the market turmoil following the Russian invasion of […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/oies-podcast-will-chinas-power-crunch-shift-its-climate-policy/"〉OIES Podcast – Will China’s Power Crunch Shift its Climate Policy?〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉 〈div class="enclosure"〉〈p class="enclosure-content"〉〈audio preload="none" src="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Podcast-158-Will-Chinas-Power-Crunch-Shift-its-climate-policy.mp3" controls="controls"〉〈/audio〉 〈a download="" href="https://a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Podcast-158-Will-Chinas-Power-Crunch-Shift-its-climate-policy.mp3"〉💾〈/a〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉The present German energy policy is focussed on further increase of renewable capacity and power consumption to achieve net zero GHG emissions by 2045 while maintaining security of energy supply.  The planned pace of the rollout of renewables looks ambitious but feasible and could result in phasing out substantial volumes of unabated coal-fired power production […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/achieving-net-zero-plus-reliable-energy-supply-in-germany-by-2045-the-essential-role-of-co2-sequestration/"〉Achieving net zero plus reliable energy supply in Germany by 2045: the essential role of CO2 sequestration〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Like any other storage asset, the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) represents an option on time. It allows inventories to be shifted forward, providing short-term relief to the market when the demand for a commodity exceeds its supply. The inventory replenishment at a later time implies carrying a short position in the forward market. In the […]〈/p〉 〈p〉The post 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/the-spr-strategies-risk-free-return-or-return-free-risk/"〉The Strategic Petroleum Reserve Strategies: Risk-Free Return or Return-Free Risk?〈/a〉 appeared first on 〈a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.oxfordenergy.org/"〉Oxford Institute for Energy Studies〈/a〉.〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉〈em〉Geo-Cells are three dimensional Structures Orthogonally Designed. These are made using Polymers, we have Experimented and Designed Geo-Cells using Recycled High Density Polypropylene (HDPE), to get a Cost Effective Result. These Geo-Cells are then installed under Weak and Soft Soil to create a Low Density Unpaved Road. These Roads help us continue the work of shifting the Blocks from the Manufacturing Site to the Storage Place with Minimum Losses. This Internal Shifting is carried out inside the Casting Yard, where the Soil becomes Quite Soft and Marshy due to Water Absorption. The test conducted for physical properties are grain size distribution and for Engineering properties modified proctor test, atterberg’s limit, CBR test are done for Red Soil. Then the result are tabulated. During the Monsoon Season with the Installation of Recycled HDPE Geo-Cell. We were successfully able to reduce the Cost of the Project and also Increase the Time Efficiency of this Project.〈/em〉〈/p〉