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  • 04.06. Seismology  (5)
  • Elsevier  (4)
  • Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.  (1)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • American Institute of Physics
  • Wiley-Blackwell
  • 2020-2022  (5)
  • 1
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    Elsevier
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-01-05
    Beschreibung: We use seismic data together with a subglacial bedrock relief from the BEDMAP2 database to obtain a new three- layer model of the consolidated (crystalline) crust of Antarctica that locally improves the global seismic crustal model CRUST1.0. We collect suitable data for constructing crustal layers, analyse them and build maps of the crustal layer thickness and seismic velocities. We use the subglacial relief according to a tectonic configuration and then interpolate data using a statistical kriging method. The P-wave velocity information from old seismic profiles have been supplemented with the new shear-wave velocity models. We adjust the thickness of crustal layers by multiplying a total crustal thickness by a percentage ratio of each individual layer at each point. Our re- sults reveal large variations in seismic velocities between different crustal blocks forming Antarctica. The most pronounced differences exist between East and West Antarctica. In East Antarctica, a high P-wave velocity (vP 〉 7 km/s) layer in the lower crust is absent. The P-wave velocity in the lower crust changes from 6.1 km/s beneath the Lambert Rift to 6.9 km/s beneath the Wilkes Basin. In West Antarctica, a thick mafic lower crust is characterized by large P-wave velocities, ranging from 7.0 km/s under the Ross Sea to 7.3 km/s under the Byrd Basin. In contrast, velocities in the lower crust beneath the Transantarctic and Ellsworth-Whitmore Mountains are ~6.8 km/s. The P-wave velocities in the upper crust in East Antarctica are within the range 5.5–6.4 km/s. The upper crust of West Antarctica is characterized by the P-wave velocities of 5.6–6.3 km/s. The P-wave veloc- ities in the middle crust vary within 5.9–6.6 km/s in East Antarctica and within 6.3–6.5 km/s in West Antarctica. A low-velocity layer (5.8–5.9 km/s) is detected at depth of ~20–25 km beneath the Princes Elizabeth Land.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-18
    Beschreibung: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Crustal structure ; Sediments ; Antarctica ; Gondwana ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-09-13
    Beschreibung: Among the geologic data, trenching records of paleoearthquakes represent an important input for the development of seismic hazard evaluations and, specifically, for the characterization of fault rupture behavior in time. Based on the available paleoseismological trenching data in the Central Apennines we have compiled a new database of surface faulting earthquakes for 10 faults. The compilation contains 109 surface faulting events, occurred in the past ~28 kyr. Events younger than 7 kyr (59 dated events) are much better constrained and, therefore, are the basis for most of the analyses. Through a quantitative multistep method, we integrate paleoseismic trench data and treat them statistically, providing relevant improvement needed for trenching-based seismic hazard evaluation. Indeed, the combined analysis of trenching data from multiple sites on the same fault led to a reduction of the approximations and uncertainties in the rupture history of individual faults. The procedure was also applied on specific fault systems and indicated that the single faults may have occasionally ruptured simultaneously, or close in time, in the past. The whole set of age ranges was also statistically analyzed to produce regional earthquake scenarios for a period much longer than the millennial historical record. The built scenarios for the last 7 kyr define a regional mean inter event time (IET) of 230-240 yr, comparable with the average recurrence time of about 200 yr, considering the number of events in time. We also identify the possible occurrence of earthquake storms, i.e., concentration of surface faulting earthquakes in the region within time periods of 200 yr, suggesting a variability in time of the seismic behavior of the faults, with alternation of peaks of activity with more “quiet” periods. Even though the paleoseismic data from the Apennines contains uncertainties, the results appear quite stable and promising for future applications in earthquake-hazard assessment.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 229016
    Beschreibung: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Paleoseismology ; Statistical modeling ; Surface rupture scenarios ; Regional earthquake recurrence ; Earthquake storms ; Central Apennines ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-08-31
    Beschreibung: In this article, we present a new data collection that combines information about earthquake damage with seismic shaking. Starting from the Da.D.O. database, which provides information on the damage of individual buildings subjected to sequences of past earthquakes in Italy, we have generated ShakeMaps for all the events with magnitude greater than 5.0 that have contributed to these sequences. The sequences under examination are those of Irpinia 1980, Umbria Marche 1997, Pollino 1998, Molise 2002, L’Aquila 2009 and Emilia 2012. In this way, we were able to combine, for a total of the 117,695 buildings, the engineering parameters included in Da.D.O., but revised and reprocessed in this application, and the ground shaking data for six different variables (namely, in- tensity in MCS scale, PGA, PGV, SA at 0.3s, 1.0s and 3.0s). The potential applications of this data collection are innumerable: from recalibrating fragility curves to training machine learning models to quantifying earthquake damage. This data collection will be made available within Da.D.O., a platform of the Italian Department of Civil Protection, developed by EUCENTRE.
    Beschreibung: European project SERA – The Seismology and Earthquake Engineering Research Infrastructure Alliance for Europe; http://www.sera-eu.org/en/home/; GA 730900.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 36-51
    Beschreibung: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Schlagwort(e): ShakeMap ; Damage ; Data Collection ; 05.08. Risk ; 05.02. Data dissemination ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-06-10
    Beschreibung: Understanding how long-term subduction dynamics relates to the short-term seismicity and crustal tec tonics is a challenging but crucial topic in seismotectonics. We attempt to address this issue by linking long-term geodynamic evolution with short-term seismogenic deformation in the Northern Apennines. This retreating subduction orogen displays tectonic and seismogenic behaviors on various spatiotemporal scales that also characterize other subduction zones in the Mediterranean area. We use visco-elasto-plastic seismo-thermo-mechanical (STM) modeling with a realistic 2D setup based on available geological and geophysical data. The subduction dynamics and seismicity are coupled in the numerical modeling, and driven only by buoyancy forces, i.e., slab pull. Our results suggest that lower crustal rheology and lithospheric mantle temperature modulate the crustal tectonics of the Northern Apennines, as inferred by previous studies. The observed spatial distribution of upper crustal tectonic regimes and surface displacements requires buoyant, highly ductile material in the subduction channel beneath the internal part of the orogen. This allows protrusion of the asthenosphere in the lower crust and lithospheric delamination associated with slab retreat. The resulting surface velocities and principal stress axes generally agree with present-day observations, suggesting that slab delamination and retreat can explain the dynamics of the orogen. Our simulations successfully reproduce the type and overall distribution of seismicity with thrust faulting events in the external part of the orogen and normal faulting in its internal part. Slab temperatures and lithospheric mantle stiffness affect the cumulative seismic moment release and spatial distribution of upper crustal earthquakes. The properties of deep, sub-crustal material are thus shown to influence upper crustal seismicity in an orogen driven by slab retreat, even though the upper crust is largely decoupled from the lithospheric mantle. Our simulations therefore highlight the effect of deep lower crustal rheologies, self-driven subduction dynamics and mantle properties in controlling shallow deformation and seismicity.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 228481
    Beschreibung: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Beschreibung: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Numerical modeling ; Geodynamics ; Seismotectonics orogen ; Delamination ; Northern Apennines ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 05.01. Computational geophysics ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-03-03
    Beschreibung: The Mw = 7.3 earthquake near the Iran-Iraq border in west Iran (34.911°N, 45.959°E) occurred at 18:18:17 UTC (LT = UTC + 03:30), November 12, 2017 as the result of oblique-thrust faulting at mid-crustal depth (∼19 km). Median, Kalman filter and Neural Network, as three standard, classical and intelligent methods, have been implemented to investigate three months of GPS Total Electron Content (TEC) measurements and to detect the striking anomalous variations around the time and location of the mentioned earthquake. The first method detects unusual variations, 9 days before the event, between 21:00 and 22:00 UTC. The other two methods of Kalman filter and Neural Network detect another clear anomaly on 11 days preceding the earthquake at 16:00 UTC. These findings are two of the outstanding results of GPS-TEC precursor analysis. This paper also presents the results of Swarm satellites (Alpha, Bravo and Charlie) data analysis inside the Dobrovolsky area around the Iran earthquake epicenter during the period from 1 August to 30 November 2017. The time series and orbital analysis of six measured parameters including electron density, electron temperature, magnetic scalar and vectors (X, Y, Z) components indicate irregular variations between 8 and 11 days prior to the occurrence of the earthquake. Since the variations of the solar and geomagnetic indices follow a normal behaviour during the whole period of the observed ionospheric anomalies between 8 and 11 days before the earthquake, it can be concluded that multi-precursors analysis has an important role to acknowledge the seismo-LAI (Lithospheric-Atmospheric-Ionospheric) anomalies associated to strong earthquakes such as this case. Furthermore, some physical and chemical atmospheric parameters from a climatological database are investigated and some interesting anomalies above two standard deviations prior to the earthquake are found. This paper shows not only anomalies in atmosphere and ionosphere but also a contemporary analysis of different data sources to detect the possible Lithosphere Atmosphere Ionosphere Coupling (LAIC) effects.
    Beschreibung: ASI
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 143-158
    Beschreibung: 7T. Variazioni delle caratteristiche crostali e precursori sismici
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Earthquake precursors ; LAIC ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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