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  • 1
    ISSN: 1572-8862
    Keywords: Iran ; siloxyl ; palladium ; tin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The reaction of the siloxyl containing ferrate [Fe(CO)3(η 1-dppm){Si(OMe)3}]−,1 (dppm = Ph2PCH2PPh2) with Sn(OAc)2(n-Bu)2 has yielded the new dimeric complex [Fe(CO)3(η 1-dppm){µ-Sn(n-Bu)2}]2, 3 in 89% yield. Compound3 was characterized crystallographically and was found to be a centrosym-etrical molecule with a rhomboidal Fe2Sn2 cluster at the center. Each iron atom contains meη 1-dppm ligand. Compound3 was found to react with [Pd(dmba) (µ-Cl)]2 (dmba=dimethylbenzylamine) to yield the new complexmer-[Fe(CO)3{Sn(n-Bu)2}(µ-dppm)Pd(dmba)Cl]2, 4 by attachment of a palla-dium grouping to each of the uncoordinated phosphorus atoms in 3. Crystal data for 3: space groupP $$\bar 1$$ ,a=11.399(2) Å, 6=15.98(3) Å, c=10.869(3) Å, α=94.10(2)°.β=100.56(2)°, γ=69.35(1)°,Z=2, 3533 reflections,R=0.034.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 88 (1999), S. 571-581 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Key words Oligocene ; Early Miocene ; Iran ; Qom Formation ; Tethyan Seaway ; Corals ; Larger Foraminifera ; Palaeoecology ; Palaeobiogeography ; Palaeobathymetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Oligocene and Early Miocene coral assemblages from three sections of central Iran are investigated with respect to their palaeoecological and palaeobiogeographic implications. These corals are compared with faunas from the Mediterranean Tethys and the Indopacific. Associated larger foraminifers are used for biostratigraphy and to support the palaeoecological interpretation. The studied sections are situated in the foreland basins of the Iranian Plate which is structured into a fore-arc and a back-arc basin separated by a volcanic arc. The coral assemblages from Abadeh indicate a shallowing-upward trend. Infrequently distributed solitary corals at the base of the section indicate a turbid environment. Above, a distinct horizon characterised by a Leptoseris-Stylophora assemblage associated with lepidocyclinids and planktonic foraminifers is interpreted as maximum flooding surface. Small patch reefs with a Porites-Faviidae assemblage are a common feature of Late Oligocene to Early Miocene coral occurrences and indicate water depths of less than 20 m. The diversity of the coral faunas shows marked differences. Oligocene corals from the Esfahan-Sirjan fore-arc basin comprise more than 45 species of 32 genera and occur in a wide range of environments. Early Miocene corals from the Qom back-arc basin are less frequent, show a lower diversity (13 genera with 15 species) and occur in single horizons or small patch reefs.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 85 (1996), S. 293-302 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Iran ; palaeomagnetism ; Triassic ; Cretaceous ; Central Iran ; geotectonics ; palaeoreconstruction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract New pole positions for Triassic and Cretaceous times have been obtained from volcanic and sedimentary sequences in Central Iran. These new results confirm the general trend of the Apparent Polar Wander Path (APWP) of the Central-East-Iran microplate (CEIM) from the Triassic through the Tertiary as published by Soffel and Förster (1983, 1984). Two new palaeopoles for the Triassic of the CEIM have been obtained; limestones and tuffs from the Nakhlak region yield a mean direction of 094.0°/25.0°, N=12, k=4.1,α 95=24.7°, after bedding correction, corresponding to a palaeopole position of 310.8°E; 3.9°S, and volcanic rocks from the Sirjan regions yield a mean direction of 114.5°/35.1°, N=44, k=45.9,α 95=3.2° after bedding correction and a palaeopole position of 295.8°E; 10.3°N. Combining these with the two previously published results yields a new palaeopole position of 317.5°E; 12.7°N, for the Triassic of the CEIM, thus confirming that large counterclockwise rotations of the CEIM have occurred since the Triassic time. New results have also been obtained from Cretaceous limestones from the Saghand region of the CEIM. The mean direction of 340.7°/26.3°, N=33, k=44.3,α 95=3.8°, and the corresponding palaeopole position of 283.1°E; 64.4°N, is in agreement with previously determined Cretaceous palaeopole positions of the CEIM. Furthermore, results have also been obtained from Triassic dolomite, limestone, sandstone and siltstone from the Natanz region, which is located to the west of the CEIM. A total of 161 specimens from 44 cores taken at five sites gave a mean direction of the five sites at 033.3°/25.1°, N=5, k=69.0,α 95=9.3° and a palaeopole position of 167.2°E; 53.7°N. They pass the positive fold test of McElhinny (1964) on the level of 99% confidence. This pole position is in fairly good agreement with the mean Triassic pole position of the Turan Plate (149°E; 49°N). It indicates that the area of Natanz has not undergone the large counterclockwise rotation relative to the Turan plate since the Triassic, which has been shown for the CEIM. A Triassic palaeogeographic reconstruction of Iran, Arabia (Gondwana) and the Turan Plate (Eurasia) is also presented.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 139 (1997), S. 93-95 
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Cryptococcus neoformans var neoformans ; pigeons ; source ; Iran
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nine hundred and eighty three specimens of pigeon droppings, collected in different regions of northern Iran, were examind. Of these samples, 175 (17.8%) were positive for Cryptococcus neoformans. All isolates obtained were C. neoformans var. neoformans. Most of these isolates of C. neoformans were from pigeon shelters. There were significant differences in isolation frequency between pigeon shelters and the other collection sites.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Dermatophytoses ; Tineas ; Dermatophytes ; Hamadan ; Iran
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to determine the extent and causative agents of dermatophytoses in the Hamadan region of West Iran; a study was made during a 9-month period from October 1991 to June 1992. A total of 7495 individuals were studied of whom 681 (9%) were suspect of having cutaneous mycoses. Among them dermatophytoses were the commonest infections (259/681=38%). Of 259 individuals infected with dermatophytes, tinea capitis were observed in 163 (62.9%); t. corporis in 27 (10.4%); t. manuum and t. cruris in 19 (7.3%) each; t. barbae and faciei in 14 (5.4%); t. pedis in 13 (5%) and t. unguium in 4 (1.5%). A total of 144 patients yielded dermatophyte cultures. The frequency of the isolated species in decreasing order was as follows: Trichophyton verrucosum, 78 (54.1%); T. schoenleinii, 48 (33.3%); Microsporum canis, 8 (5.5%); Epidermophyton floccosum, 5 (3.5%); T. mentagrophytes and M. gypseum, 2 (1.4%) each; T. tonsurans, 1 (0.7%). In conclusion, the most prevalent dermatophytosis in this region was t. capitis with the infecting agent of T. schoenleinii.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 133 (1996), S. 79-83 
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: compromised host ; Iran ; opportunistic fungi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens from 247 immunocompromised patients were investigated for the incidence of opportunistic fungi. In the direct examination and culture of the specimens, 5 (2.02%) of filamentous fungi and 55 (22.26%) yeasts were isolated and identified as follows: Aspergillus fumigatus (2), A. terreus (1), A. nidulans (1), Mucorsp. (1), Candida albicans (29), C. glabrata (3), C. Parapsilosis (1), Trichosporon beigelii (1), Candida sp. (13) and unknown yeasts (8). In addition, one strain of Nocardia asteroides and two strains of Streptomyces sp. were isolated.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of salt lake research 8 (1999), S. 19-22 
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: Lake Urmia ; Iran ; salt lakes ; saline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract The major hydrological, morphometric and chemical features of Lake Urmia, a large salt lake in Iran, are briefly reviewed. Some comments are made on bacteriological quality of the lake sediments.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of salt lake research 8 (1999), S. 19-22 
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: Lake Urmia ; Iran ; salt lakes ; saline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract The major hydrological, morphometric and chemical features of Lake Urmia, a large salt lake in Iran, are briefly reviewed. Some comments are made on bacteriological quality of the lake sediments.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1435-0157
    Keywords: Key words groundwater recharge ; arid regions ; Iran
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Un facteur limitant lorsqu'on développe la recharge artificielle d'une nappe est le colmatage de la surface du sol et la réduction concomitante des taux d'infiltration. Afin d'évaluer le degré d'amélioration de l'infiltration en grattant de différentes manières la surface du sol, une étude a été conduite sur trois sites de recharge artificielle (Kohrouyeh, Bagh-Sorkh et Kachak) dans la province d'Ispahan (Iran central). Cinq traitements (T1–T5) ont été testés et l'infiltration a été mesurée: T1, sur une couche de sédiments déposés; T2, après enlèvement du sédiment; T3, grattage des sédiments et du sol sur 5 cm; T4, grattage des sédiments et du sol sur 10 cm; et T5, enlèvement des sédiments et de 15 cm de sol. La teneur initiale en eau du sol sur les sites va de 1.0 à 2.87% à Kohrouyeh, 1.18 à 3.47% à Bagh-Sorkh, et 1.89 à 3.93% à Kachak. Les sols sonbt surtout des sols végétaux sableux. Les particules argileuses ont pénétré jusqu'à plus de 〉40 cm de profondeur dans certains bassins de recharge. Un accroissement significatif du taux final d'infiltration de la procédure T5 comparée à T1 a été observée sur tous les sites de recharge. Les taux finaux d'infiltration des procédures T1 et T5 à Kohrouyeh, Bagh-Sorkh et Kachak étaient respectivement 0.35 et 7.9, 1.22 et 12.3, et 0.93 et 6.2 cm/h. Les taux d'infiltration des procédures T2, T3 et T4 ne présentaient pas statistiquement de différences significatives. On en conclut donc qu'en moyenne la capacité d'infiltration de la recharge non traitée s'est accrue de 20.3 % par rapport aux valeurs initiales, et que le grattage du sommet du sédiment et du sol sur 15 cm peut améliorer 68.3 % de la capacité initiale d'infiltration.
    Notes: Abstract  A limiting factor in developing artificial recharge of groundwater is clogging of the soil surface and consequent reduction of infiltration rates. In order to evaluate the degree of improving infiltration rates by scraping away various amounts of the upper soil materials, a study was conducted at three artificial recharge sites (Kohrouyeh, Bagh-Sorkh, and Kachak) in Isfahan Province, central Iran. Five treatments (T1–T5) were considered. Infiltration was measured: T1, on deposited sediment layer; T2, after removing the sediments; T3, scraping of sediments and 5 cm of soil; T4, scraping of sediments and 10 cm of soil; and T5, removing sediments and 15 cm of soil. Initial soil-moisture content of the sites ranged from 1.0–2.87% for Kohrouyeh, 1.18–3.47% for Bagh-Sorkh, and 1.89–3.93% for Kachak. The main texture of the soils was sandy loam. Clay particles have penetrated to a depth of more than 40 cm in some of the recharge basins. A significant increase in final infiltration rate of T5 as compared to T1 treatment was observed for all recharge sites. The final infiltration rates of T1 and T5 treatments for Kohrouyeh, Bagh-Sorkh, and Kachak sites were 0.35, 7.9; 1.22, 12.3; and 0.93, 6.2 cm/h, respectively. The differences between infiltration rates of T2, T3, and T4 treatments were not statistically significant. It is concluded that on average, the infiltration capacity of the untreated recharge facilities have reached 20.3% of the original values, and that scraping the top sediment layer and 15 cm of topsoil could restore 68.3% of the initial infiltration capacity.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum L. ; bread wheat ; landraces ; genetic variation ; path-analysis ; yield and yield components ; selection ; Iran
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract There is renewed interest in wheat landraces as important sources of genetic variation for agronomic characters. Fifty-three pure lines of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) derived from seven landraces collected from southeastern Iran were used to estimate genetic variation and heritability for 13 developmental and quantitative characters. Path-analysis was used to partition the genetic correlations between grain yield and six grain yield-related traits. Mean values of landraces were also compared with three improved cultivars from California and Iran. Genotypic differences among the landraces and among the pure lines collected from the landraces were highly significant for all characters considered. Compared with the modern cultivars, the landrace genotypes were, on average, later in days to heading and taller than the cultivars but had lower values for number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and harvest index. Some landrace genotypes were similar to the modern cultivars for grain yield. Moderate to high genetic variation was displayed by number of grains per spike, number of spikes per plant, 1000-grain weight, and harvest index. The heritability estimates ranged from 59% for grain yield to 99% for days to anthesis. Expected genetic advance (as % of the mean) was ≈34% for number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike, and 1000-grain weight. Days to heading and to anthesis correlated positively with number of spikes per plant, shoot biomass, and straw biomass but negatively with number of grains per spike and harvest index. The strong direct effect of number of spikes per plant on grain yield was completely counterbalanced by its indirect negative effects via number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight. Number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight were positively correlated with grain yield, and they had large direct effects. These two characters, however, were negatively correlated and exhibited a substantial counterbalance effect via one another and via number of spikes per plant. The landraces could be improved by intercrossing the promising genotypes identified in this study, with simultaneous selection for earliness, fewer number of spikes per plant, greater number of grains per spike and heavier grains. For further improvement, crossing programs between the landraces and introduced germplasm may be necessary.
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