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  • Chemistry  (18,012)
  • Iran  (2,839)
  • Environment
  • Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics
  • 2020-2024  (159)
  • 2020-2022  (4,605)
  • 1955-1959  (13,396)
  • 1945-1949  (3,703)
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  • 1
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Mineralogy includes thirteen chapters that discuss the methodology of specific mineralogical methods, the composition of minerals from different igneous rocks, and the composition of minerals from different sedimentary rocks.It contains detailed mineralogical studies from Africa, Asia, and Europe. Chapters present different scientific mineralogical methods and detailed descriptions of minerals from different magmatic and sedimentary rocks.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNV Chemistry of minerals, crystals and gems
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Benzimidazole is a comprehensive survey of the known and new methods of benzimidazole synthesis, the spectral and theoretical aspects of existing benzimidazole derivatives, and the anticancer properties of a new class of benzimidazole derivatives. This book examines aspects and newer mechanisms of benzimidazoles containing heterocyclic moiety. Chapters report on anticancer properties of benzimidazole derivatives, novel methods of synthesis of benzimidazoles, versatile nature of the benzimidazoles, spectral and theoretical studies of benzimidazole derivatives, and medicinal importance and pharmacological aspects of benzimidazole derivatives.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Springer Nature
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: This open access book offers both conceptual and empirical descriptions of how to “frame” sustainability challenges. It defines “framing” in the context of sustainability science as the process of identifying subjects, setting boundaries, and defining problems. The chapters are grouped into two sections: a conceptual section and a case section. The conceptual section introduces readers to theories and concepts that can be used to achieve multiple understandings of sustainability; in turn, the case section highlights different ways of comprehending sustainability for researchers, practitioners, and other stakeholders. The book offers diverse illustrations of what sustainability concepts entail, both conceptually and empirically, and will help readers become aware of the implicit framings in sustainability-related discourses. In the extant literature, sustainability challenges such as climate change, sustainable development, and rapid urbanization have largely been treated as “pre-set,” fixed topics, while possible solutions have been discussed intensively. In contrast, this book examines the framings applied to the sustainability challenges themselves, and illustrates the road that led us to the current sustainability discourse.
    Keywords: Environment ; Sustainable development ; Regional planning ; Urban planning ; Nature conservation ; Economic development—Environmental aspects ; Environmental education ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNK Conservation of the environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RP Regional & area planning
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Green Chemistry - New Perspectives is at the frontiers of this continuously evolving interdisciplinary science, and publishes research that attempts to reduce the environmental impact of the chemical enterprise by developing a technology base that is inherently non-toxic to living things and the environment. The book covers all aspects of green chemistry, including chemical synthesis, nano synthesis, eco-friendly processes, biomass, extraction techniques, environmental remediation, and energy, making it a unique reference resource. This will continue to encourage scientists around the world to develop novel synthetic methods or improve the existing ones to circumvent some of the problems and favours all aspects of green chemistry. This book is intended for academia, professionals, scientists, as well as graduate and undergraduate students without any geographical limitations.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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  • 6
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    Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Die strategische Umweltprüfung ist ein umweltpolitisches Instrument von höchster Aktualität. Die Prüfung der Umweltauswirkungen auf vorgelagerten Planungsebenen ist ein wesentlich effizienteres Instrument der umweltpolitischen Vorsorge als ein rein projektbezogenes Vorgehen. Die SUP verbindet effizienteren Umweltschutz mit der Möglichkeit, Zulassungsverfahren auf Projektebene deutlich zu entlasten. Das vorliegende Handbuch wurde so aufgebaut, daß es auch für eilige Leser gut nutzbar ist. Das Werk wendet sich an Planungsexperten sowohl bei Behörden als auch in Planungsbüros. Dabei sind unterschiedlichste Fachbereiche, von der Raumordnung über die Verkehrsplanung, Wasserwirtschaft, Energiewirtschaft, Abfallwirtschaft, Tourismusplanung und andere umweltrelevante Planungsvorhaben angesprochen. Das Handbuch ist ab seiner 2. Auflage als Loseblatt-Sammlung konzipiert, um der dynamischen Entwicklung im SUP-Bereich Folge zu leisten und in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen Aktualisierungslieferungen vornehmen zu können.
    Keywords: GE1-350 ; literature ; Environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Language: German
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  • 7
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    Peter Lang International Academic Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The intensification of capital flows is an important characteristic of globalization. Attracting foreign direct investment is a viable way of ensuring the external financing of developing countries. Foreign direct investment flows, in turn, are determined by the decisions of multinational enterprises. One important determinant of investment decisions is the political environment of potential host countries. Political risks like expropriations, riots, revolutions or civil wars are important obstacles for investment. This book empirically analyzes the impact of political risks on foreign direct investment flows to Latin American countries. A case study of Mexico and its policy towards foreign investors offers further empirical evidence for the importance of the political environment for investment decisions of multinationals.
    Keywords: America ; Analysis ; Case ; Direct ; Direktinvestition ; Empirical ; Environment ; Foreign ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Institutional ; Investment ; Lateinamerika ; Latin ; Mexico ; Multinational enterprise ; Political ; Politische Steuerung ; Politisches Risiko ; Risk ; Stosberg ; Study ; with ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Der Verkehr ist der einzige Sektor, in dem die CO2-Emissionen bis heute steigen. Trotz deutlicher Effizienzgewinne durch z.B. ressourcenschonende Motoren hat der Verkehrssektor in den letzten 30 Jahren keinen Beitrag zu den politisch angestrebten Klimazielen geleistet: Das absolute Verkehrswachstum hat alle Einsparungen kompensiert. Daraus folgt die basale verkehrswissenschaftliche Einsicht, dass technologische Innovationen allein nicht zu einer nachhaltigen Verkehrsentwicklung beitragen. Oliver Schwedes zeigt: Eine Verkehrswende erfordert Innovationen auch auf sozialer Ebene - wir müssen unser Zusammenleben neu organisieren!
    Keywords: Kapitalismus ; Verkehr ; Klimawende ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Politik ; Transformation ; Technologie ; Verkehrswende ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Innovation ; Umwelt ; Technik ; Wirtschaft ; Techniksoziologie ; Wirtschaftssoziologie ; Soziologie ; Capitalism ; Traffic ; Climate Change ; Sustainability ; Politics ; Technology ; Transformation of Transport ; Resource Management ; Environment ; Economy ; Sociology of Technology ; Economic Sociology ; Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDR Impact of science and technology on society ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology
    Language: German
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This reprint covers 27 papers published in the Special Issue entitled “Corporate Finance, Governance, and Social Responsibility,” which examines several topics related to corporate finance, financial modeling, corporate governance, and corporate social responsibility. Corporate finance-related articles (Anton and Afloarei Nucu, 2021; Bae et al., 2023; Kedzior et al., 2020; Lääts and Lukason, 2022; Miglo, 2020; Mihail et al., 2021; Mota and Moreira, 2023; Tsolas, 2021; Tudose et al., 2021; and Wen et al., 2021) focus on the drivers of the capital structure and firm performance, the effect of working capital management on profitability, and the link between derivative use and profitability. Regarding financial modeling, stock market volatility was explored during COVID-19 (Gherghina et al., 2021). Corporate governance studies (Aluchna and Kuszewski, 2020; Ararat et al., 2021; Ding and Chea, 2021; Kjærland et al., 2020; Lourenço et al., 2021; Lukason and Camacho-Miñano, 2020; Maier and Yurtoglu, 2022; Mihail and Dumitrescu, 2021; Mihail et al., 2022; Mihail and Micu, 2021; and Pourmansouri et al., 2022) examine the effect of corporate governance compliance practices, board attributes, or employee stock option plans on bankruptcy risk, performance, firm value, or earnings management. Regarding CSR (Bozos et al., 2022; Rossi et al., 2021; Saeed and Sroufe, 2021; Singh and Hong, 2023; and Tseng and Shih, 2022), the research focuses on how CSR affects financial performance, risk management, or analyst profits estimates.
    Keywords: capital structure ; New Technology-Based Firms (NTBFs) ; internal and external innovativeness ; intangibility ; corporate governance ; information disclosure ; timeliness of financial reporting ; law violation ; private firms ; corporate governance best practice ; corporate governance compliance ; company value ; Warsaw Stock Exchange ; accrual earnings management ; Nordic model ; zero-debt policy ; flexibility ; tax shield ; free cash flow problem ; debt overhang ; dividend policy ; emerging economy ; profitability ; working capital management ; employee stock option plans ; executive compensation ; firm performance ; New Zealand ; financial derivatives ; Shenzhen stock exchange of China ; state-owned companies ; private-owned enterprises ; performance ; measurement of performance ; EVA ; strategies ; business success ; Romanian stock market ; volatility clustering ; autocorrelation ; COVID-19 ; GARCH models ; vector autoregression model ; Granger causality ; CSR practice ; financial performance ; environmental social and governance (ESG) ; board size ; independent board members ; return on equity ; Romania ; boards of directors ; Egypt ; gender diversity ; Egyptian Revolution ; investor relations ; Bucharest Stock Exchange ; firm efficiency ; data envelopment analysis (DEA) ; pharmaceutical, cosmetic and detergent (PCD) firms ; Greece ; agency ; corporate social responsibility ; information environment ; distress risk ; trade credit ; LGBT ; market value ; resource-based theory ; sexual orientation and identity ; simultaneous equations ; protection of minority investors ; stock market development ; economic growth ; board diversity ; CEO characteristics ; board committees ; ownership concentration ; agency theory ; COVID-19 pandemic ; Iran ; global economy ; financial management ; corporate social responsibility reports ; mandatory disclosure ; mandatory assurance ; analyst forecast accuracy ; analyst forecast dispersion ; board independence ; bankruptcy risk ; Europe ; corporate sustainability ; environmental ; social ; failure risk ; nonbinding voting ; shareholder activism ; systematic risk ; risk management practices ; performance outcome ; strategy ; supply chain ; capital budgeting ; capital budgeting practices ; footwear industry ; metalworking industry ; manufacturing ; SMEs ; equity investments ; property and liability insurers ; financial crisis ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics and emerging economies
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: In diesem Open Access-Buch werden fünf zentrale Themenbereiche des Umwelt- und Bioressourcenmanagement (UBRM) vorgestellt. Umwelt- und Bioressourcenmanagerinnen und -manager kennen die Herausforderungen des 21. Jahr­hunderts, wie sie zum Beispiel in der Agenda 2030 der Vereinten Nationen – den sogenannten nach­haltigen Entwicklungs­zielen (Sustainable Development Goals - SDGs) – formuliert wurden. Sie denken vernetzt und verfügen über fachliche, methodische und soziale Kompe­ten­zen, die für eine inter- und transdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit erforderlich sind. Sie sind in der Lage, mit sich verändernden Anforderungen um­zugehen und können sich in eine breite Palette von Fachbereichen vertiefen. Ihre Qualifikation wird in vielen Wirtschaftsbereichen, in nationalen und internationalen Organisationen sowie in privaten und öffentlichen Einrichtungen nachgefragt. Die Leserinnen und Leser bekommen in jedem der hier vorgestellten Themenbereich Einblicke in verschiedene UBRM-Fachbereiche sowie darüber, welche Kompetenzen und Fertigkeiten erworben werden können. Dies wird anhand konkreter Fallbeispiele verdeutlicht. Abschließend veranschaulichen Porträts von Absolventinnen und Absolventen die Studien- und Berufspraxis und zeigen, wie nachhaltige Zu­kunfts­gestaltung im Sinne der Agenda 2030 aussehen kann. Die Herausgeber Erwin Schmid ist Professor für Nachhaltige Landnutzung und Globalen Wandel, Tobias Pröll ist Professor für Energietechnik und Energiemanagement, beide an der Universität für Bodenkultur Wien (BOKU). Ebenso sind alle Beitragsautorinnen und -autoren an der BOKU Wien tätig. Dieses Buch ist eine Open-Access-Publikation unter einer CC BY-NC 4.0-Lizenz.
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental management ; Environmental education ; Environmental sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: German
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This reprint of the Special Issue "Advances in Plant Taxonomy and Systematics", includes an Editorial and fifteen high-quality papers published between April 2022 and April 2023 by global researchers. This collection addresses scholars and students interested in current progresses in taxonomy and systematics, which are crucial for all plant applications.
    Keywords: alpine species ; chromosome number ; Irano-Turanian region ; biogeography ; rapid radiation ; Veronica ; endemism ; morphometrics ; image analysis ; molecular analysis ; niche similarity ; nomenclature ; Magnoliaceae ; chloroplast genome ; phylogenomics ; intergeneric relationship ; Crassula ; Crassulaceae ; plastome ; codon usage ; codon aversion ; DNA barcoding ; evolutionary rates ; phylogeny ; Adonanthe ; molecular phylogeny ; taxonomy ; steppic plant ; demographic systematics ; ethology ; evolution ; natural selection ; next-generation sequencing ; ordination ; reproductive isolation ; sexual deceit ; speciation ; species circumscription ; Astragalus subgenus Hypoglottis ; Leguminosae ; Iran ; rapid diversification ; section Hypoglottidei ; section Stereothrix ; Australia ; carnivorous plants ; non-core Caryophyllales ; Nepenthales ; sundews ; typification ; Adelieae ; Argythamnia ; Caperonia ; Caperonieae ; Chiropetalum ; Ditaxeae ; Ditaxis ; phylogenetics ; Philyra ; Arecaceae ; Bentinckia ; biogeographic analysis ; karyomorphology ; Asteraceae ; ecology ; ddRADseq ; geography ; leaf morphology ; polyploidy ; chromosome numbers ; Crocus heuffelianus group ; Crocus series Verni ; dysploidy ; genome size ; genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) ; morphometry ; apomixis ; hybridisation ; multiple origins ; Sorbus austriaca ; genomics ; geometric morphometrics ; Ranunculus auricomus ; taxonomically complex groups (TCGs) ; arid lands ; Cactaceae ; colonization ; Mammillaria ; Mexican Plateau ; Miocene ; Pleistocene ; recent diversification ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Each year, natural hazards, such as earthquakes, landslides, avalanches, tsunamis, floods, wildfires, severe storms, and drought, , affect humans worldwide, resulting in deaths, suffering, and economic losses. According to insurance broker Aon, 2010–2019 was the worst decade on record for economic losses due to disasters triggered by natural hazards, amounting to USD 3 trillion, which is USD 1 trillion more than for the period of 2000–2009. In 2019, the economic losses from disasters caused by natural hazards were estimated at over USD 200 billion (UNDRR Annual Report, 2019). In this context, remote sensing shows high potential to provide valuable information, at various spatial and temporal scales, concerning natural processes and their associated risks. The recent advances in remote sensing technologies and analysis, in terms of sensors, platforms, and techniques, are strongly contributing to the development of natural hazards research. With this Special Issue titled “Remote Sensing for Natural Hazards Assessment and Control”, we proposed state-of-the-art research that specifically addresses multiple aspects on the use of remote sensing (RS) for Natural Hazards (NH). The aim was therefore to collect innovative methodologies, expertise, and capabilities to detect, assess, monitor, and model natural hazards. The present Special Issue of Remote Sensing encompasses 18 open access papers presenting scientific studies based on the exploitation of a broad range of RS data and techniques, as well as focusing on a well-assorted sample of NH types.
    Keywords: wildfires ; hillslope erosion ; satellite imagery ; rainfall erosivity ; RUSLE ; rockfall source areas ; identification ; relief ; slope angle ; rock mass strength ; rockfall susceptibility ; land subsidence ; Geographic Information System (GIS) ; InSAR ; machine learning algorithm ; meta-heuristics ; Iran ; k-Nearest Neighbor ; Random Forest ; fires ; Landsat 8 ; Sentinel 2 ; Terra ; ASTER ; MODIS ; burned ; mapping ; hazard chain ; turbidity ; suspended sediment detection ; extreme climate events ; tailing dam risk management ; spatiotemporal pattern mining ; El Niño ; remote sensing ; geographic information system ; flash floods ; visual analysis ; SAR offset tracking ; glacier surface velocity ; glacier instability ; glacier hazards ; ice avalanches ; ENSO ; glacier mass balance ; glacier surface energy ; earthquake ; coseismic effects ; field line resonance ; acoustic gravity waves ; lithosphere-magnetosphere coupling ; burnt area monitoring ; Australia ; Sydney ; wildfire ; earth observation ; mid-resolution sensors ; time series analysis ; burn severity ; climate zones ; deep learning ; PRISMA ; burned area ; Sentinel-2 ; morphological operator ; convolutional neural network ; casualty prediction ; importance assessment ; spatial division ; support vector regression ; digital image correlation ; phase correlation ; optical flow ; time series image stack ; landslides ; ground motion identification ; displacement mapping ; UAS ; risk assessment ; random forest ; DInSAR ; Yan’an city ; settlement prediction ; reclaimed land ; exponential model ; Asaoka method ; wide-area deformation ; deformation detection ; time-series InSAR ; stacking ; Turpan–Hami basin ; heavy rainfall ; shallow landslides ; TRIGRS model ; spatial distribution ; susceptibility assessment ; Longchuan County ; Guangdong Province ; MT-InSAR ; ground deformation monitoring ; Sentinel-1A/B ; image partition ; block adjustment ; Gaofen-2 ; Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) ; freeze–thaw processes ; permafrost ; Qilian Mountains ; natural hazards ; hazard ; vulnerability ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue publishes the latest advances and developments concerning the modelling of flooding in urban areas and contributes to our scientific understanding of the flooding processes and the appropriate evaluation of flood impacts. This issue contains contributions of novel methodologies including flood forecasting methods, data acquisition techniques, experimental research in urban drainage systems and/or sustainable drainage systems, and new numerical and simulation approaches in nine papers with contributions from over forty authors.
    Keywords: machine learning ; flash flood ; GIS ; Iran ; decision trees ; ensemble techniques ; manhole flooding ; urban flooding ; grid-based modeling ; SWWM ; FIRM ; pollutant transport ; hydraulic structures ; urban drainage ; CFD ; dual drainage ; Iber ; SWMM ; hazard ; artificial neural network ; resilient backpropagation ; multistep urban flood forecast ; demographic change ; urbanization ; flooding ; drainage system ; vulnerability ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; Antananarivo ; parameterised power-linear model ; hyper concentration ; dilute concentration ; suspended sediment transport ; flood ; sediment size parameter ; rouse number ; mean concentration ; flow depth ; urban flood modeling ; porosity ; shallow-water model ; urban flood management ; flood forecasting ; weather radar ; integrated hydraulic modeling ; and evacuation lead time ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Springer Nature
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: This open access book asks just how climate-smart our food really is. It follows an average day's worth of food and drink to see where it comes from, how far it travels, and the carbon price we all pay for it. From our breakfast tea and toast, through breaktime chocolate bar, to take-away supper, Dave Reay explores the weather extremes the world’s farmers are already dealing with, and what new threats climate change will bring. Readers will encounter heat waves and hurricanes, wildfires and deadly toxins, as well as some truly climate-smart solutions. In every case there are responses that could cut emissions while boosting resilience and livelihoods. Ultimately we are all in this together, our decisions on what food we buy and how we consume it send life-changing ripples right through the global web that is our food supply. As we face a future of 10 billion mouths to feed in a rapidly changing climate, it’s time to get to know our farmers and herders, our vintners and fisherfolk, a whole lot better. ;
    Keywords: Popular works ; Nature ; Environment ; Environment ; Environmental geography ; Climate change ; Climate change ; Agriculture ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PD Science: general issues::PDZ Popular science ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography::RGB Physical geography & topography ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy & protocols ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution & threats to the environment::RNPG Climate change ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TV Agriculture & farming::TVB Agricultural science
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  • 16
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    Brookings Institution Press
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: Looking to the future in confronting the Islamic State The Islamic State (best known in the West as ISIS or ISIL) has been active for less than a decade, but it has already been the subject of numerous histories and academic studies—all focus primarily on the past. The Future of ISIS is the first major study to look ahead: what are the prospects for the Islamic State in the near term, and what can the global community, including the United States, do to counter it? Edited by two distinguished scholars at Indiana University, the book examines how ISIS will affect not only the Middle East but the global order. The Future of ISIS is of interest to policymakers, analysts, and students of international affairs and public policy.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Al-Qaeda ; Iran ; Iraq ; Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant ; Syria ; Taliban ; United States
    Language: English
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: "The monograph considers influence over time of Fairtrade and Rainforest Alliance in 10 Costa Rican coffee farming communities. In-country perspectives and relevant historic and contemporary literature inform findings. Misaligned intentions to outcomes; different sustainability approaches; and variable influence is observed. There is opportunity to: consider when certifications are most useful; develop locally relevant standards; vertically integrate sourcing chains; consider how complementary mechanisms can be used alongside, or to improve certification approach. Sustainability of coffee as a cash crop, considering influence on biodiversity, and the possible implication of reduced coffee crop density for consumers, the market and farming landscapes, is considered. "
    Keywords: Regulatory approaches ; Sustainability standards ; Poverty reduction ; Environment ; Biodiversity ; Colonial and contemporary history ; Costa Rica ; Sustainability certification schemes ; Rainforest Alliance ; Fairtrade ; Coffee farming landscapes ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTP Development studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFV Ethical issues and debates ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book consists of several selected chapters on important subjects in modern high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The content addresses aspects related to both improvements in the mainstream HPLC/UPLC technology and utilization, as well as developments of exploratory new materials and equipment. The book presents useful details about the presented subjects as well as describes new applications and/or relevant case studies for each subject. It is addressed to a large audience of analytical chemists involved in separation science. Each chapter is authored by scientists with considerable field and academic experience.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Ecological patterns are the manifestation of salient feedback between species and the environment, considering both the natural and built environment. Mapping this dynamical feedback over space and time means extracting the structural and functional networks of habitats and species whose nexus defines the systemic function that can be preserved and enhanced via protection and eco-engineering solutions. The key is to sense the ecological collective behavior that is salient for quantitative ecosystem assessment, forecasting, and engineering. This Topic aims to highlight data, methods, inferred processes, and solutions about collective ecological patterns at multiple scales and for diverse ecosystems. The core objective is to stress the crucial importance of ecological information and monitoring for detailed and quantitative assessment of ecosystems on which future nature-based solutions can be developed considering climate risks and population values.
    Keywords: Biodiversity ; Ecosystems ; Biocomplexity ; Sensing ; Networks ; Information ; Environment ; Ecology&nbsp ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Language: English
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  • 20
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    De Gruyter | De Gruyter
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Historical studies on the practice of Islamic law (sharīʿa) tend to focus on practice in a Sunni setting during the Mamluk or Ottoman periods. This book decenters Sunni and Mamluk and Ottoman normativity by investigating the practice of sharīʿa in a Twelver Shiʿi Persian-speaking milieu, in early modern Iran between the sixteenth to twentieth centuries. Drawing on documentary evidence and narrative sources, it reconstructs who the practitioners of Islamic law were, how they authenticated, annulled, and archived legal documents, and how they intervened in the resolution of disputes over religious endowments (waqf). The study demonstrates that following Iran's conversion to Twelver Shiʿism under the Safavids, the dominance of Uṣūlī Shiʿi legal theory, which conferred judicial authority on scholars recognized as Shiʿi jurists (mujathids), affected both the practitioners of Islamic law and the procedures of sharīʿa court practice in Iran. Shiʿi jurists in Iran, as a result, would come to exercise by the end of the nineteenth century a judicial monopoly over valid sharīʿa court practice thus laying the foundation for Ayatollah Khomeini's extension, during the Iranian revolution, of the authority of the Shiʿi jurist over political affairs. ; Historical studies on the practice of Islamic law (sharīʿa) tend to focus on practice in a Sunni setting during the Mamluk or Ottoman periods. This book decenters Sunni and Mamluk and Ottoman normativity by investigating the practice of sharīʿa in a Twelver Shiʿi Persian-speaking milieu, in early modern Iran between the sixteenth to twentieth centuries. Drawing on documentary evidence and narrative sources, it reconstructs who the practitioners of Islamic law were, how they authenticated, annulled, and archived legal documents, and how they intervened in the resolution of disputes over religious endowments (waqf). The study demonstrates that following Iran's conversion to Twelver Shiʿism under the Safavids, the dominance of Uṣūlī Shiʿi legal theory, which conferred judicial authority on scholars recognized as Shiʿi jurists (mujathids), affected both the practitioners of Islamic law and the procedures of sharīʿa court practice in Iran. Shiʿi jurists in Iran, as a result, would come to exercise by the end of the nineteenth century a judicial monopoly over valid sharīʿa court practice thus laying the foundation for Ayatollah Khomeini's extension, during the Iranian revolution, of the authority of the Shiʿi jurist over political affairs.
    Keywords: Islam ; Islamische Staaten ; Naher Osten ; Transnationalität ; Islamic law ; Iran ; Sharia ; Safavid ; Afghan ; Afshar ; Zand ; Qajar periods ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHQ History of other geographical groupings and regions ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRA Religion: general ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRP Islam::QRPP Islamic life and practice ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LA Jurisprudence and general issues::LAF Systems of law::LAFS Systems of law: Islamic law
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Microgrids are a growing segment of the energy industry, representing a paradigm shift from centralized structures toward more localized, autonomous, dynamic, and bi-directional energy networks, especially in cities and communities. The ability to isolate from the larger grid makes microgrids resilient, while their capability of forming scalable energy clusters permits the delivery of services that make the grid more sustainable and competitive. Through an optimal design and management process, microgrids could also provide efficient, low-cost, clean energy and help to improve the operation and stability of regional energy systems. This book covers these promising and dynamic areas of research and development and gathers contributions on different aspects of microgrids in an aim to impart higher degrees of sustainability and resilience to energy systems.
    Keywords: microgrid ; distribution network operator ; double externalities ; subsidy ; PV system ; PI controller ; fuzzy control ; MPPT ; tracking speed ; error ; Micro Grid ; VSG ; power sharing ; inertia support ; energy support ; small signal stability ; day-ahead operational scheduling ; reconfigurable microgrid ; DRNN Bi-LSTM ; aggregated load forecasting ; bulk photovoltaic power generation forecasting ; solar potential assessment ; resource mapping ; geographic information systems (GIS) ; site selection ; Iran ; earthquake ; power distribution network ; resilience improvement planning ; water distribution network ; load disaggregation ; non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) ; dimensionality reduction ; principal component analysis (PCA) ; smart home ; solar renewable ; thermal load ; stochastic operation ; energy storage ; sustainability ; desalination ; renewable energy ; water–energy-nexus ; photovoltaic grid-connected system ; power fluctuation ; DC bus voltage stabilization ; prescribed performance ; command-filtered adaptive backstepping control ; centralized control architecture ; DC microgrid ; distributed control architecture ; electricity price constraint ; hybrid control architecture ; power flow control strategy ; data pre-processing ; electricity theft ; imbalance data ; parameter tuning ; smart grid ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Recent Advances in Chemical Kinetics provides a comprehensive overview of several types of chemical reactions. It includes six chapters that discuss solvent catalysis, customized flow reactors, p-conjugation in kinetics, kinetics of autoxidation, molecular chameleon for cations and anions, and internal clocks of atoms.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
    Language: English
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Wie werden Natur und Tiere durch die Multispezies-Ethnographie inklusiv in Forschungsprojekte integriert? Katharina Ameli fokussiert die inter- und multidisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit. Aus einer Untersuchung der Schnittstellen zwischen gesellschafts- und naturwissenschaftlich orientierten Fachdisziplinen ergibt sich eine komplexe Betrachtung von Natur, Mensch und Tier. Die Einblicke in Interdependenzen unterschiedlicher Fachdisziplinen verdeutlichen den Bedarf an einer Multispezies-Ethnographie zur Analyse von MenschenTiereNaturenKulturen.
    Keywords: Natur ; Mensch ; Tiere ; Naturverständnis ; Interdisziplinarität ; Qualitative Forschung ; Kultur ; Ethnographie ; Umwelt ; Tier ; Human-animal Studies ; Umweltsoziologie ; Kulturanthropologie ; Kultursoziologie ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Nature ; Human ; Animals ; Understanding of Nature ; Interdisciplinarity ; Qualitative Research ; Culture ; Ethnography ; Environment ; Animal ; Environmental Sociology ; Cultural Anthropology ; Sociology of Culture ; Cultural Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFU Animals and society ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNT Social impact of environmental issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Several problems related to violence, grievances, and states’ lack of legitimacy and capacity to manage economic, social, and political issues are clustered together as an interactive structure in the Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) region. The effect of one of these problems is difficult to identify in the absence of analyses of the others. Global generalisations on the effects of these problems can bring us closer to the understanding of state fragility and the associated problems in the MENA region, although the study of MENA specifically also reveals region- and sub-region-specific features. Some of them pertain to the MENA region only, whereas others help develop the understanding and sophistication of global generalisations. This book offers a much-needed overview and several explanations on the otherwise confusing triangular problems of state fragility, grievance, and conflict, focusing on one of the conflict hotspots of the world. It compiles expertise on the triangular relationship between fragility, grievances, and conflict of an international MENA Social Policy Network. In addition to the analyses, two datasets are referenced, on which some of the book’s chapters are based.
    Keywords: state fragility ; conflict ; MENA ; Middle East ; failed states ; weak states ; conflict fatalities ; corruption ; informal employment ; social security ; state effectiveness ; Maghreb countries ; individual preferences ; discrete choice model ; Arab Spring ; participation ; protesting ; probit model ; Iraq ; terrorism ; violent extremism ; Social Identity ; threat ; fragmentation ; grievances ; Shia ; Sunni ; factionalism ; rebel governance ; Hamas ; Gaza ; Palestine ; informal institutions ; social contract ; social protection ; Middle East and North Africa ; state–society relations ; protection ; provision ; government legitimacy ; service delivery ; state legitimacy ; social policy ; social expenditure ; mediation ; PH theory ; Israel ; ripeness ; subsidy reform ; Middle East and North Africa (MENA) ; Morocco ; Egypt ; Iran ; political participation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
    Language: English
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    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Giulia Parola’s Environmental Democracy at the Global Level: Rights and Duties for a New Citizenship can be seen as a manifesto that is both traditional and revolutionary at the same time. It calls for the construction of a new civilisation centred on the environment, while drawing on the traditional notions of democratic government. It adopts an approach that is focused on the power of individuals rather than governments, as ways to protect and improve the environment. It proposes that environmental rights and ecological duties are self-evident and inalienable, and should be treated as the cornerstones of a new democracy. Parola’s book is a thought provoking and intriguing work that will be of interest to scholars of environmental studies as well as to legal practitioners and non-specialists. Giulia Parola has studied Environmental Law at the University of Torino, at the University of René Descartes in Paris, (where she obtained PhD in Public Law) and at the University of Iceland ( LLM in Natural Resources Law and International Environmental Law). In 2011, she was appointed by the University of Laval (Canada, Quebec) as a researcher and a lecturer in Environmental Law.
    Keywords: GE1-350 ; K ; International Law ; Materials Science ; Industrial Chemistry ; Law ; Comparative Law ; Foreign Law ; Environment ; Natural Sciences ; German Civil Code ; Pollution Control ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Language: English
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    Edward Elgar Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: The dynamism of science has been catalytic for human prosperity in recent history. Conventional perspectives of the ivory tower model of modern science are, however, rivalled by the failure of humanity to tackle global crises of an economic, environmental and social nature. Operational solutions to these pressures have grown and exposed pitfalls of modern science to date. Sustainability Science for Strong Sustainability investigates core concepts, tools and institutional strategies of transdisciplinary sustainability science. Prominent research programs within heterodox economics, the environmental sciences and transition theory are explored through diverse case studies, revealing challenges and advancements for transdisciplinary research. In this book, the reform of modern science is facilitated by the consideration of action points to overcome the institutional barriers of putting sustainability science into practice. Researchers, students and policy practitioners will benefit from up to date knowledge on the practice of transdisciplinary research for sustainability
    Keywords: Sustainability ; science ; Environment ; Ecological Economics ; Politics ; Public Policy ; Governance ; Regulation ; Interdisciplinarity ; Transdisciplinarity ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: Hydroxyapatite coatings are of great importance in the biological and biomedical coatings fields, especially in the current era of nanotechnology and bioapplications. With a bonelike structure that promotes osseointegration, hydroxyapatite coating can be applied to otherwise bioinactive implants to make their surface bioactive, thus achieving faster healing and recovery. In addition to applications in orthopedic and dental implants, this coating can also be used in drug delivery. Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Biomedical Applications explores developments in the processing and property characterization and applications of hydroxyapatite to provide timely information for active researchers and newcomers alike. In eight carefully reviewed chapters, hydroxyapatite experts from the United States, Japan, Singapore, and China present the latest on topics ranging from deposition processes to biomedical applications in implants and drug delivery. This book discusses: Magnetron sputtering and electrochemical deposition The modification of hydroxyapatite properties by sol–gel deposition to incorporate other elements found in natural bones, such as zinc, magnesium, and fluorine The use of pure hydroxyapatite in drug delivery applications The growth or self-assembly of hydroxyapatite on shape memory alloy Hydroxyapatite composite coatings—with carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and others—on the titanium alloy Offering valuable insights and a wealth of data, including numerous tables and figures, this is a rich source of information for research on hydroxyapatite coatings. Each chapter also covers material that provides an accessible stepping stone for those who are new to the field.
    Keywords: Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences ; Chemistry ; Materials science ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2024-03-24
    Description: The Arctic-Barents Region is facing numerous pressures from a variety of sources, including the effect of environmental changes and extractive industrial developments. The threats arising out of these pressures result in human security challenges. This book analyses the formation, and promotion, of societal security within the context of the Arctic-Barents Region. It applies the human security framework, which has increasingly gained currency at the UN level since 1994 (UNDP), as a tool to provide answers to many questions that face the Barents population today. The study explores human security dimensions such as environmental security, economic security, health, food, water, energy, communities, political security and digital security in order to assess the current challenges that the Barents population experiences today or may encounter in the future. In doing so, the book develops a comprehensive analysis of vulnerabilities, challenges and needs in the Barents Region and provides recommendations for new strategies to tackle insecurity and improve the wellbeing of both indigenous and local communities. This book will be a valuable tool for academics, policy-makers and students interested in environmental and human security, sustainable development, environmental studies and the Arctic and Barents Region in particular.
    Keywords: Society ; Environment ; Human Security ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSL Geopolitics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols
    Language: English
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    Coimbra University Press
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: This book retraces the multidisciplinary research project EMSURE - Energy and Mobility for Sustainable Regions. Communicational articles – developed from a set of interviews with the researchers – aim to depict the wide range of disciplines that constitute the EMSURE. An encompassing framework that comprises such diverse areas as intelligent use of energy, sustainable mobility, buildings and energy efficiency, clean energy supply and assessment, and sustainable energy assessment, or planning for sustainability. Integrated in the Energy for Sustainability (EFS) initiative, of the University of Coimbra, EMSURE is established as a research project focused on multidisciplinary issues. Its main objectives include developing models, methodologies and technologies that enable the decision-makers and companies to promote a sustainable path within the Portugal Centre Region
    Keywords: GE1-350 ; Sustainability ; Mobility ; Environment ; Regions ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Language: Portuguese
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    Springer Nature
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: This open access book presents the proceedings volume of the YOUMARES 8 conference, which took place in Kiel, Germany, in September 2017, supported by the German Association for Marine Sciences (DGM). The YOUMARES conference series is entirely bottom-up organized by and for YOUng MARine RESearchers. Qualified early career scientists moderated the scientific sessions during the conference and provided literature reviews on aspects of their research field. These reviews and the presenters’ conference abstracts are compiled here. Thus, this book discusses highly topical fields of marine research and aims to act as a source of knowledge and inspiration for further reading and research.
    Keywords: Environment ; Marine sciences ; Freshwater ; Aquatic ecology  ; Biodiversity ; Ecosystems ; Wildlife ; Fish ; Science education ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education::JNU Teaching of a specific subject ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology and the hydrosphere::RBKF Limnology (inland waters) ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology::RNCB Biodiversity ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNK Conservation of the environment::RNKH Conservation of wildlife and habitats
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-03-20
    Description: This open access book represents a journey documenting the development of tools and methodologies over 3 decades and asks where the future lies. It further develops seminal work carried out under the auspices of the Capacity building in Sustainability and Environmental Management (CapSEM) project co-funded by the EU Erasmus programme from 2016-2019 as well as research projects such as IGLO-MP2020, SUSPRO, and SISVI. It gathers existing paradigms of environmental management within the relevant frameworks which have driven the way in which this discipline has developed. It seeks to both challenge and support the way in which business sectors have approached this previously, with a more holistic and overarching model being provided, moving through four very distinct levels. It therefore provides not only a different approach, but a different way of thinking. Systems thinking is characterized by four levels: Process, Product Value Chain, Organisational and Systemic which combines Material Flow Analysis (MFA), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Industrial Ecology (IE) principles. In its practical application, Corporate Social Responsibility, for example, thus becomes an integral part of a much wider business strategy and impacts on all business activity, not added value for its own sake, but a valuable component in a wider toolbox as a fundamental part of any business strategy and plan, changing, flexing and developing over the years. The book is divided into 4 parts: moving from context and background, to the theoretical model or toolbox, onto its practical application in case studiesandculminates in looking at the future and potential developments. It represents the multi-disciplined collaboration at NTNU and beyond, exemplifying its use in a wealth of business sectors and a range of stakeholders from construction to textiles to wind power as outlined in the European Circular Action Plan.
    Keywords: Cleaner production ; Corporate social responsibility ; Environment ; Industrial ecology ; Life cycle ; Sustainable development ; Humanities and social sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology & climatology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: This volume is dedicated to the reconstruction of antisemitic consciousness and the depiction of the modifications of antisemitic resentment in order to sound out conditions and opportunities for a contemporary critique of antisemitism. Based on Adorno's categorical imperative, the volume combines theoretical analyses with practical considerations on how to combat antisemitism in all its current manifestations. A special focus is placed on Israel-related and Islamist antisemitism. The editor of the volume heads the Centre for Antisemitism and Racism Studies (CARS) in Aachen. With contributions by Markus Baum | Daniel Burghardt | Ingo Elbe | Alex Feuerherdt | Thorsten Fuchshuber | Marlene Gallner | Stephan Grigat | Matthias Küntzel | Florian Markl | Ulrike Marz | Elke Rajal | Samuel Salzborn | Gerhard Scheit
    Description: Published
    Description: Der Band widmet sich der ideologiekritischen Rekonstruktion des antisemitischen Bewusstseins und der historischen Darstellung der Modifikationen antisemitischer Äußerungsformen, um davon ausgehend Bedingungen und Möglichkeiten für eine gegenwartsbezogene Kritik des Antisemitismus auszuloten. Ausgehend vom kategorischen Imperativ Adornos verbindet der Band theoretische Analysen mit praxisbezogenen Überlegungen zur Bekämpfung des Antisemitismus in all seinen aktuellen Erscheinungsformen. Ein besonderer Fokus wird auf den israelbezogenen und islamistischen Antisemitismus gerichtet. Prof. Dr. Stephan Grigat leitet das Centrum für Antisemitismus- und Rassismusstudien (CARS) in Aachen, in dessen Kontext die Beiträge entstanden sind. Mit Beiträgen von Markus Baum | Daniel Burghardt | Ingo Elbe | Alex Feuerherdt | Thorsten Fuchshuber | Marlene Gallner | Stephan Grigat | Matthias Küntzel | Florian Markl | Ulrike Marz | Elke Rajal | Samuel Salzborn | Gerhard Scheit
    Keywords: antijüdische Projektionen ; Antizionismus ; Existenzrecht ; Hisbollah ; Ideologiekritik ; Iran ; islamischer Antisemitismus ; Islamischer Staat ; Israel ; Judenhass ; Judentum ; Muslimbruderschaft ; JPFR ; HRAM9
    Language: English , German
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    transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2023-11-17
    Description: Spiele sind durch Produktion, Distribution und Konsumption in politische Strukturen eingebunden. Sie spiegeln nicht nur ihre Umwelt wider, sondern werden auch maßgeblich durch diese geformt. Die Beiträger*innen fragen transdisziplinär nach der Analyse solcher »Politiken des Spiels«: Innerhalb welcher rechtlichen, gesellschaftlichen und politischen Regeln findet das Spiel statt? In welchen Machtverhältnissen stehen die am Spiel beteiligten Akteur*innen? Und wie geht die Branche mit aktuellen politischen Diskursen um? Dabei betrachten sie zahlreiche Formen des Spiel(en)s in diachroner sowie synchroner Perspektive und machen deutlich: Spielen ist ein hochpolitischer Akt.
    Keywords: Spiel ; Politik ; Medien ; Kultur ; Games ; Umwelt ; Diskurs ; Gesellschaft ; Macht ; Produkt ; Konsum ; Digitalität ; Popkultur ; Computerspiele ; Kulturgeschichte ; Digitale Medien ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Play ; Politics ; Media ; Culture ; Video Games ; Environment ; Discourse ; Society ; Power ; Consumption ; Digital Media ; Popular Culture ; Computer Games ; Cultural History ; Cultural Studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCA Popular culture ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBT History: specific events & topics::HBTB Social & cultural history
    Language: German
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemiebezogene Kompetenzen werden bereits im Sachunterricht der Grundschule entwickelt und sollen im Chemieunterricht der Sekundarstufe I aufgegriffen und weiterentwickelt werden. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die chemiebezogenen Kompetenzen der Schülerinnen und Schüler in der Übergangsphase zwischen Sachunterricht und Chemieunterricht zu analysieren. In einer Ergänzungsstudie wurden zusätzlich sowohl die Auswirkungen der Schulschließungen aufgrund der SARS-CoV-II Pandemie auf die Kompetenzen der Schülerinnen und Schüler als auch der Einfluss einer veränderten Testadministration untersucht. Insgesamt wurden die Kompetenzen von 2262 Lernenden der Jahrgangsstufen 5 bis 9 zu drei Messzeitpunkten analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die chemiebezogenen Kompetenzen sowohl zum Ende der Grundschulzeit als auch zu Beginn des Chemieunterrichts über alle Kompetenzbereiche hinweg sehr heterogen ausfallen. Dennoch sind sie zu Beginn des Chemieunterrichts in einigen Kompetenzbereichen höher ausgeprägt als zum Ende der Grundschulzeit. Nach den pandemiebedingten Schulschließungen waren die Kompetenzen ähnlich ausgeprägt wie in den gleichen Jahrgangsstufen vor den Schulschließungen. Eine während der Schulschließungen notwendige Bearbeitung der Testhefte von zu Hause aus führte vor allem bei den jüngeren Schülerinnen und Schülern zu besseren Testergebnissen als die Bearbeitung in der Schule. Um die Entwicklung chemiebezogener Kompetenzen in der Übergangsphase zu optimieren, sollte der Erwerb dieser Kompetenzen bereits im Sachunterricht einheitlicher gestaltet werden.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: German
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Redox reactions are involved in biochemistry, energy, corrosion, and much more. In both biology and electrochemistry, the redox reaction is complex and varied. For example, redox shuttles in supercapacitors show aspects of molecular electrochemistry applied to electrode porosity. In pseudocapacitors, the formalism associated with their electrochemical response requires investigation and formalism. Similarly, the simple definition of redox potential opens fundamental questions about its measurement in solutions without supporting salts. This book illustrates the variety of redox reactions in its examination of the importance of redox molecules in the development of new electrical energy storage devices.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry::PNRH Electrochemistry and magnetochemistry
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This volume explores the intersections of religion, power, and resistance in a fast-changing world. The authors herein seek to disrupt the sociology of religion’s dominant paradigms, especially its overemphasis in Europe and the United States, as well as its preference for official religions as opposed to diverse worldviews in all of their manifestations from around the world: Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, the Middle East, and North and South America. The papers in this volume explore ways of decentering the Global North and of decolonizing the sociology of religion’s core concepts. They explore strategies used by newer and popular forms of religion to challenge existing power structures. Moreover, they examine the intersectionalities that privilege some people’s religious lives and disprivilege others. They show how religion, spirituality, and non-religion are much more complex than the dominant paradigms have led us to believe. This volume seeks to generate robust discussion and critical reflection on new ideas for a divided world, thus contributing to the advancement of the discipline of religious sociology.
    Keywords: sociology of religion ; post-colonial ; reflexivity ; epistemology ; race ; religion ; violence ; South Africa ; decoloniality ; Chinese religion ; secularization ; Xunzi ; Durkheim ; identity ; African Pentecostalism ; integration ; transnationalism ; diaspora ; religious diversity ; religions ; law ; media ; education ; religious strength ; sex ; gender ; Canada ; religion and migration ; intersectionality ; popular religions ; multiple modernities ; lived religion ; power ; resistance ; social theory ; holistic spirituality ; Ghana’s New Churches ; ideology ; dominant ideology ; alternative ideology ; political power ; social constructionism ; Islamism ; Islam ; Shi’ism ; spiritualism ; rituals ; Iran ; non-religion ; atheism ; persecution ; policy ; diversity ; young people ; spirituality ; complexity ; hybridity ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
    Language: English
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In 2005, the hybrid model was published by Prof. H.-D. Alber and Prof. P. Zhu as an alternative to the Allen-Cahn model for the description of phase field transformations. With low interfacial energy, it is more efficient, since the resolution of the diffuse interface is numerically broader for the same solution accuracy and allows coarser meshing. The solutions of both models are associated with energy minimisation and in this work the error terms introduced in the earlier publications are discussed and documented using one and two dimensional numerical simulations. In the last part of this book, phase field problems, initially not coupled with material equations, are combined with linear elasticity and, after simple introductory examples, a growing martensitic inclusion is simulated and compared with literature data. In addition to the confirmed numerical advantage, another phenomenon not previously described in the literature is found: with the hybrid model, in contrast to the examples calculated with the Allen-Cahn model, an inclusion driven mainly by curvature energy does not disappear completely. The opposite problem prevents inclusions from growing from very small initial configurations, but this fact can be remedied by a very finely chosen diffuse interface width and by analysing and adjusting the terms that generate the modelling errors. The last example shows that the hybrid model can be used with numerical advantages despite the above mentioned peculiarities.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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    Edinburgh University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Explores the political, economic and religious role of women in the Mongol empire This book shows the development of women’s status in the Mongol Empire from its original homeland in Mongolia up to the end of the Ilkhanate of Iran in 1335. Taking a thematic approach, the chapters show a coherent progression of this development and contextualise the evolution of the role of women in medieval Mongol society. The arrangement serves as a starting point from where to draw comparison with the status of Mongol women in the later period. Exploring patterns of continuity and transformation in the status of these women in different periods of the Mongol Empire as it expanded westwards into the Islamic world, the book offers a view on the transformation of a nomadic-shamanist society from its original homeland in Mongolia to its settlement in the mostly sedentary-Muslim Iran in the mid-13th century.
    Keywords: History ; Iran ; Mongol Empire ; Medieval History ; Islamic History ; Women ; Nomadic Societies ; Genghis Khan ; Ilkhanate ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: This open access book advocates for the Social Sciences and Humanities to be more involved in energy policymaking. It forms part of the European platform for energy-related Social Sciences and Humanities’ activities, and works on the premise that crossing disciplines is essential. All of its contributions are highly interdisciplinary, with each chapter grounded in at least three different Social Sciences and Humanities disciplines. These varying perspectives come together to cover an array of issues relevant to the energy transition, including: energy poverty, justice, political ecology, governance, behaviours, imaginaries, systems approaches, modelling, as well as the particular challenges faced by interdisciplinary work. As a whole, the book presents new ideas for future energy policy, particularly at the European level. It is a valuable resource for energy researchers interested in interdisciplinary and society-relevant perspectives. Those working outside the Social Sciences and Humanities will find this book an accessible way of learning more about how these subjects can constructively contribute to energy policy. ;
    Keywords: Energy ; Energy policy ; Energy and state ; Environment ; Environmental geography ; Environmental management ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography::RGB Physical geography & topography ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TH Energy technology & engineering
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: We are living in a critical time, both for humanity and the planet, which has led us to look for more sustainable formulas to interact with the environment. One of the important changes in the design and operation of chemical processes is the search for environmentally friendly technologies. Supercritical carbon dioxide has been revealed as a promising environmentally friendly solvent that is energy efficient, selective and capable of reducing waste, making it a promising alternative to conventional organic solvents. However, reliable and versatile mathematical models of phase equilibrium thermodynamics are needed for the use of supercritical carbon dioxide in process design and viability studies. This book reviews experimental procedures for obtaining high-pressure phase equilibria data and describes the phase diagrams of binary mixtures and some thermodynamic models capable of determining the conditions of phase equilibria at high pressures. These concepts are applied to the components of the transesterification reaction of rac-2-pentanol with a vinyl ester, which is important in the pharmaceutical industry because (S)-2-pentanol can be obtained as a reaction product. This product is a key intermediate in the synthesis of drugs against Alzheimer’s disease.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Nanofibers, particularly those of a carbonaceous content, have received increased interest in the past two decades due to their outstanding physico-chemical characteristics and their possibility to form and contribute towards a plethora of potentially advantageous materials for consumer, industrial and medical applications. Despite this, and together with the numerous research studies and published articles that have sought to investigate these aspects, the potential impact of CNTs is still not understood. Whether or not nanofibers may be able to provide a sophisticated alternative to conventional materials is still debatable, whilst their effects upon both environmental and human health are highly equivocal. How nanofibers are conceived can determine how they may interact with different environments, such as the human body. Understanding each key step of the synthesis and production of nanofibers to their use within potential applications is therefore essential in gaining an insight into how they may be perceived by any biological system and environment. Thus, obtaining such information will enable all scientific communities to begin to realize the potential advantages posed by nanofibers. The aim of this Special Issue therefore, was to provide a collective overview of nanofibers; ‘from synthesis to application’. The Issue particularly focuses upon carbon-based nanofibers, but also highlights alternative nanofiber types. Emphasis is given holistically, with articles discussing the production routes of nanofibers, their plight during their life-cycle (origin to applied form and effects over time), as well as how nanofibers could either incite conflict, or provide aid to human and environmental health.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Toxicology ; Chemistry ; Biology ; Material Science ; Nanofibers ; Nanotechnology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: This book examines the current debate on nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament, notably the international non-proliferation regime and how to implement its disarmament provisions. Discussing the requirements of a new international consensus on nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation, this book builds on the three pillars of the nuclear non-proliferation treaty (NPT): non-proliferation, disarmament and peaceful uses of nuclear energy. It reviews the impact of Cold War and post-Cold War policies on current disarmament initiatives and analyses contemporary proliferation problems: how to deal with the states that never joined the NPT (India, Pakistan and Israel); how states that have been moving toward nuclear weapons have been brought back to non-nuclear-weapon status; and, in particular, how to deal with Iran and North Korea. The analysis centres on the relationship between disarmament and non-proliferation in an increasingly multi-centric world involving China and India as well as the US, the European powers and Russia. It concludes with a description and discussion of three different worlds without nuclear weapons and their implications for nuclear disarmament policies. This book will be of great interest to all students of arms control, strategic studies, war and conflict studies, and IR/security studies in general Sverre Lodgaard is a Senior Research Fellow at the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, Oslo. Part 1: Power Shifts and Nuclear Weapons 1. Power Shifts and Nuclear Weapons Part 2: The Legacies of Nuclear History and the Requirements of a New Consensus on Non-proliferation and Disarmament 2. The First Nuclear Era 3. Post Cold War doctrines 4. A global consensus on non-proliferation and disarmament Part 3: Proliferation Problems and the Role of Nuclear Disarmament 5. The Three-State Problem 6. Rollback Experiences 7. The Case of Iran 8. How to Understand North Korea 9. The Relationship Between Disarmament and Non-Proliferation Part 4: Towards a Nuclear-Weapon-Free World 10. Towards a Nuclear-Weapon-Free World
    Keywords: wapencontrole ; strategieen studies ; veiligheidsstudies ; international organizations ; ir ; internationale organisaties ; security studies - pol & intl relns ; strategic studies ; arms control ; China ; India ; Iran ; North Korea ; Nuclear proliferation ; Nuclear weapon ; Russia ; Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons ; United States ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QF Political, socio-economic, cultural and strategic groupings ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSF Arms negotiation and control ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNS Hospitality and service industries ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LB International law::LBB Public international law::LBBU Public international law: international organizations and institutions
    Language: English
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    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Contingent valuation is a survey-based procedure that attempts to estimate how much households are willing to pay for specific programs that improve the environment or prevent environmental degradation. For decades, the method has been the center of debate regarding its reliability: does it really measure the value that people place on environmental changes? Bringing together leading voices in the field, this timely book tells a unified story about the interrelated features of contingent valuation and how those features affect its reliability. Through empirical analysis and review of past studies, the authors identify important deficiencies in the procedure, raising questions about the technique’s continued use.
    Keywords: GE1-350 ; Economics and Finance ; Valuation ; Environmental Economics ; Environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    University of Calgary Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Declining access to fresh water is one of the twenty-first century’s most pressing environmental and human rights challenges, yet the struggle for water is not a new cause. The 8,800-kilometer border dividing Canada and the United States contains more than 20 percent of the world’s total freshwater resources, and Border Flows traces the century-long effort by Canada and the United States to manage and care for their ecologically and economically shared rivers and lakes. Ranging across the continent, from the Great Lakes to the Northwest Passage to the Salish Sea, the histories in Border Flows offer critical insights into the historical struggle to care for these vital waters. From multiple perspectives, the book reveals alternative paradigms in water history, law, and policy at scales from the local to the transnational. Students, concerned citizens, and policymakers alike will benefit from the lessons to be found along this critical international border. With contributions by Andrea Charron, Alice Cohen, Dave Dempsey, Jerry Dennis, Colin A.M. Duncan, Matthew Evenden, James W. Feldman, Noah D. Hall, Lynne Heasley, Nancy Langston, Frédéric Lasserre, Daniel Macfarlane, Andrew Marcille, Jeremy Mouat, Emma S. Norman, Peter Starr, Joseph E. Taylor III, and Graeme Wynn
    Keywords: Canada ; USA ; Transnational ; Environment ; History ; Freshwater ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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    Franz Steiner Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: The Socio-Economic Atlas of Myanmar focuses on the analysis and evaluation of regional differences in geographical conditions, natural resources, infrastructure and, in particular, the socio-economic development in the states and regions of the country in the current transformation process of Myanmar. The Atlas is based on international literature, statistical data, qualitative research and spatial information in a Geographic Information System on Myanmar. The spatial analyses aim to increase the state of knowledge about Myanmar both within the country and abroad, and to support decision-making on spatial development policy.
    Keywords: Earth Science ; Development ; Economic development ; Environment ; Infrastructure ; Myanmar ; Geography ; Social development ; Transformation ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1F Asia::1FM South East Asia::1FMB Myanmar
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Sustainable development in the agriculture sector is crucial to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations (UN). There are lots of challenges to developing modern and intelligent agricultural techniques, tools, and systems, by which sustainable agriculture and food security can be satisfied. In addition, carbon-neutral development and clean energy utilization are also associated with the UN-SDGs. Such agricultural, biological, and environmental engineering studies are needed in the 21st century, particularly from the viewpoint of the agricultural water–energy–food security nexus. This book focuses on the recent proliferation and technological advancements in these engineering applications. This book aims to share recent updates on agricultural, biological, and environmental engineering, and the application of these engineering techniques in the agriculture sector. It presents such engineering technologies and applications in seven categories that include energy system applications in agriculture (three studies); irrigation and drainage (four studies); biomass, biogas, and biochar (three studies); farm mechanization and soil science (three studies); remote sensing and geographical studies (two studies); wastewater and biological studies (two studies); and case studies and societal aspects in agriculture (five studies). The editors believe that this book will be useful for agricultural scientists, researchers, and students.
    Keywords: air heat pump ; carbon dioxide ; formaldehyde ; electricity consumption ; ultra-fine dust ; municipal waste ; biological fertilizer ; phytopathogens ; sustainable agriculture ; organic waste treatment ; optical remote sensing ; microwave remote sensing ; phenology-based method ; forest conservation ; forest management ; rural residents ; economic incentives ; Pakistan ; less-favoured areas ; agricultural policy ; farm profitability ; traction ; soil ; sinkage ; single-track shoe ; penetration ; cohesion ; adhesion ; ANOVA ; Brassica chinensis ; coefficient of variation ; double-row ; metering device ; pneumatic ; greenhouse ; computational fluid dynamics ; airflow ; temperature ; humidity ; horticulture ; Zagazig ; Egypt ; willingness to accept ; gross margin ; mixed cropping ; ordered logistic regression ; bioresources ; circular bioeconomy ; economic analysis ; Nitrification inhibitor ; smog ; Wheat straw ; poultry farms ; air-conditioning ; evaporative cooling systems ; temperature-humidity index ; temperature-humidity-velocity index ; soil erosion ; sediment yield ; RUSLE ; sediment transport modeling ; Gomal River ; arid regions ; surface drain system ; design ; drainage effluent ; GF-6 ; maize ; straw ; support vector machine ; random forest ; red-edge wavelength ; biomass ; furnace ; efficiency ; economics ; carbon nanotubes ; surface modification ; heavy metals ; adsorption ; water and wastewater treatment ; renewable energy ; biogas production ; livestock manure ; anaerobic digestion ; COVID-19 ; Iran ; food security ; economic crisis ; agriculture ; food supply chain ; agricultural economy ; drip irrigation system ; net revenue ; small landholders ; sustainable irrigation ; agroforestry ; allometric equations ; carbon stock ; organic carbon ; potassium ; zinc ; physiological attributes ; climate change ; environment ; human health ; resources ; wastewater ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Increasing irrigation efficiency has been high on the political agenda in Spain for many years. However, the overarching aim to reduce agricultural water consumption has not been met so far. To explore this phenomenon, Nora Schütze investigates processes of coordination between the water and agricultural sector in three Spanish river basins in the context of the EU Water Framework Directive implementation. From the perspective of polycentric governance, she identifies multiple mechanisms which illustrate how and why actors interact in certain ways, and thus shows why environmental aims of the Water Framework Directive remain unachieved.
    Keywords: Water Governance ; Irrigation ; Agriculture ; Environment ; Polycentric Governance ; Spain ; Politics ; Europe ; European Politics ; Environmental Policy ; Administration ; Human Ecology ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSN International institutions ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QF Political, socio-economic, cultural and strategic groupings::1QFE EU (European Union) ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPP Public administration
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In recent decades, artificial porous structures have attracted increasing enthusiasm from researchers inspired by the fascinating molecular pores in nature and their unique biological functions. Although substantial achievements in porous materials have been realized, the construction of topologically designed pores is still challenging. Recently, the emergence of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which are constructed based on organic and polymer chemistry, has made it possible to design artificial pores with controlled pore size, topology and interface properties. COFs are crystalline porous materials constructed by the precise reticulation of organic building blocks via dynamic covalent bonds. Distinct from non-covalent interactions which tend to produce isostructures, covalent bonds enable accurate pore design owing to their predetermined reaction pathways. In addition, the appropriate polycondensation of organic building units enables the formation of extended two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) polymer architectures with periodically ordered skeletons and well-defined pores. With their large surface area, tailorable structures, and tunable chemistry, COFs are regarded as potentially superior candidates for various applications including catalysis, energy storage and conversion, mass transport and biotechnology. This book examines the historic achievement of COFs, providing clear and comprehensive guidance for researchers on their structural design, synthetic protocols and functional exploration.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Studying and managing regional economic development in the current globalization era demands prompt, reliable, and comparable estimates for a region’s economic performance. Night-time lights (NTL) emitted from residential areas, entertainment places, industrial facilities, etc., and captured by satellites have become an increasingly recognized proxy for on-ground human activities. Compared to traditional indicators supplied by statistical offices, NTLs may have several advantages. First, NTL data are available all over the world, providing researchers and official bodies with the opportunity to obtain estimates even for regions with extremely poor reporting practices. Second, in contrast to non-standardized traditional reporting procedures, the unified NTL data remove the problem of inter-regional comparability. Finally, NTL data are currently globally available on a daily basis, which makes it possible to obtain these estimates promptly. In this book, we provide the reader with the contributions demonstrating the potential and efficiency of using NTL data as a proxy for the performance of regions.
    Keywords: population reorganization ; population density ; spatiotemporal patterns ; DMSP-OLS ; NPP-VIIRS ; Chongqing ; education inequality ; nighttime light ; urbanization ; sustainable development ; human development ; urban hotspot delineation ; Zipf’s law ; intra-urban scaling ; street nodes ; VIIRS imagery ; kernel density estimation ; Luojia 1-01 satellite ; spatial resolution ; searching radius threshold ; urban built-up area ; attention-augmented CNN ; nightlight ; fine-grained GDP estimation ; daytime satellite imagery ; arbitrary area representation ; Luojia 1-01 ; MNUACI ; urban area ; urban remote sensing ; VIIRS ; DMSP ; GDP ; nighttime lights ; cross-sectional ; time-series ; economic statistics ; n/a ; functional urban areas (FUAs) ; boundaries ; multiple regression modelling ; artificial light-at-night (ALAN) ; optimal threshold ; shadow economy ; Iran ; sanctions ; JCPOA ; economic inequality ; nighttime light emissions ; spatial measurement ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Fluoride covers a continuum of topics that are frequently studied in the broad area of fluoride (F) research. It provides an overview of the primary sources of environmental fluoride in typical high-fluoride environments and demonstrates the transitions and transformations that emerge and culminate in hydro-geochemical interactions that result in fluoride-fouling of large portions of the world’s water and agricultural resources. This way, the book pinpoints the connection between F enrichment of water sources and the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in certain areas of the world. In order to contribute to a better understanding of the global fluoride problem, new fluoride detection and quantification technologies are proposed with an in-depth analysis of emerging trends in the use of portable user-friendly devices in point-of-use measurements of water fluoride. This has been presented against the backdrop of a robust overview of traditional fluoride quantification methodologies that are still in wide application among the scientific communities. In addressing fluoride toxicities, which are not limited to dental and skeletal dilapidations, the authors have explored the role of natural antioxidants in ameliorating physiological fluoride-induced noxious effects in mammalian systems. Nonetheless, since community dependence on high-fluoride water due to a lack of alternative clean water sources remains to be the principal pathway of human fluoride over-exposure, a review chapter on F mitigation techniques applied all over the world is incorporated aiming at providing a succinct overview of water defluoridation techniques and strategies being used to combat the impacts of human F overexposure around the globe. Since every cloud has a silvery lining, the possibility of using ammonium fluorides as a novel reagent in mineral processing has been considered convenient industrial fluorinating agents, which present the possibility of complete regeneration that is not afforded by the reagents presently used in decomposing silicon component of the ores.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNK Inorganic chemistry
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    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Keywords: révolution iranienne ; Iran ; Égypte ; presse arabe
    Language: French
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    Ubiquity Press
    Publication Date: 2022-05-03
    Description: "This book presents a practical approach to pro-environmental challenges faced by companies in the process of restructuring. It contains a broad variety of case studies from different economic sectors, and small and large businesses, in four European countries: Ukraine, Romania, Germany and Poland. The studies are the results of surveys of companies that had either already restructured or were planning to, and reveal both the weaknesses and strengths in these practices. The book is divided into three parts: explorations of how political and legal factors are embedded in a company’s strategy and how they influence the company’s behaviour; analyses of companies’ activities on matching restructuring with ecology; and approaches to ecoinnovations within the companies. The case studies throughout the book show that the restructuring of a company is an opportunity for the implementation of proecological action and “green” business models. The authors trust that the experiences and good practices of others will prove valuable both for future businessmen (i.e. students), but also for academics and representatives of local government, central environmental agencies, owners and managers of enterprises to be restructured."
    Keywords: Pro-ecological behaviour ; Process of restructuring ; Environment ; Management in companies ; Innovations ; Case study ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCD Economics of industrial organisation ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJB Business studies: general::KJBX Business & management: study & revision guides ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJD Business innovation ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJJ Business & the environment, ‘Green’ approaches to business
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book discusses the chemistry and applications of pyridine derivatives. The library of pyridine derivatives is growing steadily with numerous synthetic analogues already described and the identification of new, naturally occurring pyridine-based compounds. The book includes ten chapters organized into two parts. The first part focuses on the numerous types of reactions that arise from pyridine derivatives. The second part examines the pharmaceutical applications of pyridine derivatives as well as their usefulness as sensors for metal cations and extracting agents for platinum group metals.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The book discusses multiple issues associated with modern dosimetry in physics and treatment planning and how investigators from diverse world centers and institutions approach problem-solving in these important areas. It examines topics including pretreatment validation and factors affecting reference dosimetry. It also addresses unique issues affecting pediatric populations as well as the modern role of thermoluminescence validation. Several chapters discuss intensity modulation, including defining modern problems associated with both treatment planning and the definition of tumor and normal tissue contours. Furthermore, the book examines the role of imaging as both a vehicle to define tumor targets and normal tissue as well as a tool for dose validation.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry::PNRL Nuclear chemistry, photochemistry and radiation
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature | Springer Nature Switzerland
    Publication Date: 2023-08-17
    Description: This open access book reflects aims of the Blue Circular Economy (BCE) project, which focused on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) aiming to create value using circular economy concepts related to products and services within fishing gear recycling in the Northern Periphery and Arctic (NPA) area. Cluster establishment and operation were carried out in collaboration with academia, industry and government agencies following a triple-helix approach. Discarded fishing gear constitutes a large part of marine plastics. Preventing future discharge of fishing gear into the ocean is a vital step in combating plastic pollution. Circular economy is one of the tools in the European Green deal, targeting waste minimisation. Closing the loop for waste fishing nets by transferring them to a resource could be a solution for preventing discharge at sea: exploring this opportunity is at the core of this book.
    Keywords: Marine Plastics ; Circular Economy ; Ghost Fishing ; Recycling ; Marine Pollution ; Environment ; Economy ; Society ; SMEs ; Employment ; Innovation ; Marine Science ; Aquatic ; Waste Fishing ; Marine Litter ; Fish ; Ocean Plastics ; Fishing Nets ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution & threats to the environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology & the hydrosphere::RBKC Oceanography (seas) ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology & the hydrosphere
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The Wadden Sea Region is comprised of the embanked coastal marshes and islands in the Wadden Sea near Denmark, Germany, and the Netherlands, and this area retains an exceptional common history in all its aspects: archaeologically, economically, socially, and culturally. Its settlement history of more than two thousand years is unrivalled and still mirrored in the landscape and even though it has never constituted a political unity, it still shares a landscape and cultural heritage. For example, the approaches to water management and associated societal organisation developed in the region during the last millennium have set significant world standards, values which were recognised by UNESCO in inscribing the Wadden Sea on its World Heritage List. This book encompasses the contributions presented at the scientific symposium of prominent scientists who gathered in 2016 in Husum, Germany, a landmark event in sharing knowledge on the common history, landscape, cultural heritage of the Wadden Sea Region.
    Keywords: CC1-960 ; Environment ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: English
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This open access book provides a panoramic view of the evolution of Spanish agriculture from 1900 to the present, offering a more diverse picture to the complex and multidimensional reality of agrarian production. With a clear transdisciplinary ambition, the book applies an original and innovative theoretical and methodological tool, termed Agrarian Social Metabolism, combining Social Metabolism with an agroecological perspective. This integrative analysis is especially interesting for environmental scientists and policy makers being the best way to design sustainable agroecosystems and public policies capable of moving us towards a more sustainable food system. Spanish agricultural production has experienced impressive growth during the 20th century which has allowed it to ensure the supply of food to the population and even to transform some crops into important chapters in foreign trade. However, this growth has had its negative side since it was based on the injection of large amounts of external energy, on the destruction of employment and the loss of profitability of agricultural activity. But perhaps the most serious part is the strong impact of the current industrialised agriculture model on Spanish agroecosystems, exposed to the overexploitation of hydric resources, pollution of the water by nitrates and pesticides, high erosion rates and an alarming loss of biodiversity; damage which in the immediate future will end up reducing production capacity.
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Agriculture ; Environment ; History ; Environmental economics ; Economic history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCZ Economic history ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVB Agricultural science
    Language: English
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The current political climate of confrontation between Islamist regimes and Western governments has resulted in the proliferation of essentialist perceptions of Iran and Iranians in the West. Such perceptions do not reflect the complex evolution of Iranian identity that occurred in the years following the Constitutional Revolution (1906–11) and the anti-imperialist Islamic Revolution of 1979. Despite the Iranian government’s determined pursuance of anti-Western policies and strict conformity to religious principles, the film and literature of Iran reflect the clash between a nostalgic pride in Persian tradition and an apparent infatuation with a more Eurocentric modernity. In Familiar and Foreign, Mannani and Thompson set out to explore the tensions surrounding the ongoing formulation of Iranian identity by bringing together essays on poetry, novels, memoir, and films. These include both canonical and less widely theorized texts, as well as works of literature written in English by authors living in diaspora. Challenging neocolonialist stereotypes, these critical excursions into Iranian literature and film reveal the limitations of collective identity as it has been configured within and outside of Iran. Through the examination of works by, among others, the iconic female poet Forugh Farrokhzad, the expatriate author Goli Taraqqi, the controversial memoirist Azar Nafisi, and the graphic novelist Marjane Satrapi, author of Persepolis, this volume engages with the complex and contested discourses of religion, patriarchy, and politics that are the contemporary product of Iran’s long and revolutionary history.
    Keywords: P ; Iran ; Persepolis ; neocolonialism ; diaspora ; identity ; film ; Satrapi ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science
    Language: English
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Das selbstgesteuerte Experimentieren ist laut den nationalen Bildungsstandards sowie den Lehrplänen im Fach Chemie ein wichtiger Bestandteil der naturwissenschaftlichen Schulbildung. Offene Experimentierformen sind jedoch wenig etabliert. Um das selbstgesteuerte Experimentieren in die Unterrichtspraxis zu implementieren, wurde im Rahmen dieses Forschungsprojekts eine eintägige Lehrkräftefortbildung zur Konzeption von selbstgesteuerten Experimenten im Chemieunterricht durchgeführt. Dazu wurde ein literaturbasiertes Strukturierungskonzept entwickelt, mit dem die Lehrkräfte kochbuchartige Schulversuche zu selbstgesteuerten und kompetenzorientierten Experimenten mit beliebigen Öffnungsgraden modifizieren können. Begleitend zur Fortbildung wurde im Prä-Post-Follow-Up-Design das fachdidaktische Wissen der Teilnehmenden hinsichtlich der Planung von selbstgesteuerten Experimenten empirisch überprüft. Zur Erfassung dieses Konstrukts wurde ein neues Messinstrument literaturbasiert entwickelt und die Güte des Messinstruments evaluiert. Die Auswertungen zeigen, dass die Fortbildung hinsichtlich des fachdidaktischen Wissens der Lehrkräfte kurz- sowie langfristig lernförderlich ist und die Fortbildung von den Teilnehmenden positiv bewertet wird. Die Reliabilitätsanalyse sowie die Validierungsstudie zeigen, dass der Test sowohl reliabel als auch valide ist. In Folgestudien könnte die langfristige Verhaltensänderung der Lehrkräfte bezüglich der Implementierung des selbstgesteuerten Experimentierens in den Unterricht untersucht werden.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Science ; Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: German
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    Springer Nature
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This open access book reframes sustainable energy transitions as being a matter of resolving accountability crises. It demonstrates how the empirical study of several practices of legitimation can analytically deconstruct energy transitions, and presents a typology of these practices to help determine whether energy transitions contribute to sustainability. The real-world challenge of climate change requires sustainable energy transitions. This presents a crisis of accountability legitimated through situated practices in a wide range of cases including: solar energy transitions in Portugal, urban energy transitions in Germany, forestland conflicts in Indonesia, urban carbon emission targets in Norway, transport electrification in the Nordic region, and biodiversity conservation and energy extraction in the USA. By synthesising these cases, chapters identify various dimensions wherein practices of legitimation construct specific accountability relations. This book deftly illustrates the value of an analytical approach focused on accountable governance to enable sustainable energy transitions. It will be of great use to both academics and practitioners working in the field of energy transitions.
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Human geography ; Environment ; Environmental geography ; Energy policy ; Energy and state ; Economic development—Environmental aspects ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGB Physical geography and topography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGC Human geography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering
    Language: English
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    The MIT Press | The MIT Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The emergence of the international oil corporation as a political actor in the twentieth century, seen in BP's infrastructure and information arrangements in Iran. In the early twentieth century, international oil corporations emerged as a new kind of political actor. The development of the world oil industry, argues Katayoun Shafiee, was one of the era's largest political projects of techno-economic development. In this book, Shafiee maps the machinery of oil operations in the Anglo-Iranian oil industry between 1901 and 1954, tracking the organizational work involved in moving oil through a variety of technical, legal, scientific, and administrative networks. She shows that, in a series of disagreements, the British-controlled Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC, which later became BP) relied on various forms of information management to transform political disputes into techno-economic calculation, guaranteeing the company complete control over profits, labor, and production regimes. She argues that the building of alliances and connections that constituted Anglo-Iranian oil's infrastructure reconfigured local politics of oil regions and examines how these arrangements in turn shaped the emergence of both nation-state and transnational oil corporation. Drawing on her extensive archival and field research in Iran, Shafiee investigates the surprising ways in which nature, technology, and politics came together in battles over mineral rights; standardizing petroleum expertise; formulas for calculating profits, production rates, and labor; the “Persianization” of employees; nationalism and oil nationalization; and the long-distance machinery of an international corporation. Her account shows that the politics of oil cannot be understood in isolation from its technical dimensions.
    Keywords: Iran ; British Petroleum ; Oil ; Infrastructure ; Trans-national corporation ; Democracy ; Techno-science ; Science and Technology Studies ; Middle East ; Socio-technical system ; Oil Concession ; Anglo-Iranian Oil Company ; British Admiralty ; Sheikh Khaz'al ; Standardization ; Natural resources ; Petroleum expertise ; Oil cartel ; Nationalism ; communism ; race ; labor ; oil nationalization ; boycott ; oil consortium ; energy crisis ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDR Impact of science and technology on society ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature
    Publication Date: 2024-03-24
    Description: This open access book provides insight into the implementation of Life Cycle approaches along the entire business value chain, supporting environmental, social and economic sustainability related to the development of industrial technologies, products, services and policies; and the development and management of smart agricultural systems, smart mobility systems, urban infrastructures and energy for the built environment. The book is based on papers presented at the 8th International Life Cycle Management Conference that took place from September 3-6, 2017 in Luxembourg, and which was organized by the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) and the University of Luxembourg in the framework of the LCM Conference Series. ;
    Keywords: Environment ; Sustainable development ; Environmental management ; Renewable energy resources ; Environmental sciences ; Industrial management—Environmental aspects ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJJ Business and the environment; ‘green’ approaches to business ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TH Energy technology and engineering::THV Alternative and renewable energy sources and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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    Éditions de l'Université de Bruxelles | Éditions de l'Université de Bruxelles
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: Since its inception, environmental protection has been based on the natural sciences and technology and, more recently, has interacted with the economy, but its relations with social aspects have been the subject of less attention. 'Warning. The environment, however, calls for the preservation of (quality of) life, and man is a social animal. However, if the objective of environmental protection is generally formulated in a consensual way, it will obviously be declined in different ways according to social differentiations. Taking full account of these interactions leads to formulating a series of questions. How are environmental impacts distributed in a society? How can objectives and actions oriented towards the protection of the environment be read in the prism of the social categories? What are the beneficiaries and the losers in particular? Who can make their voices heard and influence the criteria? What avenues to consider for limiting the negative impacts of economic growth with a dual objective of social equity and the reduction of environmental nuisances? These questions question fundamental aspects of sustainable development and political ecology. They are studied in this book, in theory and in many practical cases locally and nationally, but also more widely in the world.
    Description: La protection de l’environnement s’est, dès ses origines, fondée sur les sciences naturelles et les techniques et, depuis plus récemment, elle interagit avec l’économie, mais ses relations avec des aspects sociaux ont été l’objet de moins d’attention. L’environnement appelle pourtant la préservation de la (qualité de la) vie, et l’homme est bien un animal social. Or, si l’objectif de protection de l’environnement est généralement formulé de façon consensuelle, il va évidemment se trouver décliné de façons différentes selon des différenciations sociales. La pleine prise en compte de ces interactions conduit à formuler une série de questions. Comment se répartissent les impacts environnementaux dans une société ? Comment les objectifs et les actions orientés vers la protection de l’environnement peuvent-ils être lus dans le prisme des catégories sociales ? Quels en sont plus particulièrement les bénéficiaires et les perdants ? Quels sont ceux qui peuvent faire entendre leur voix, et influencent les critères ? Quelles pistes envisager pour une limitation des impacts négatifs de la croissance économique dans un double objectif d’équité sociale et de réduction des nuisances environnementales ? Ces questions interrogent des aspects fondamentaux du développement durable et de l’écologie politique. Elles sont étudiées dans ce livre, en théorie et sur de nombreux cas pratiques au plan local et national, mais aussi plus largement dans le monde.
    Keywords: Environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: French
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The book comprises 14 chapters covering all the issues related to water desalination. These chapters emphasize the relationship between problems encountered with the use of feed water, the processes developed to address them, the operation of the required plants and solutions actually implemented. This compendium will assist designers, engineers and investigators to select the process and plant configuration that are most appropriate for the particular feed water to be used, for the geographic region considered, as well as for the characteristics required of the treated water produced. This survey offers a comprehensive, hierarchical and logical assessment of the entire desalination industry. It starts with the worldwide scarcity of water and energy, continues with the thermal - and membrane-based processes and, finally, presents the design and operation of large and small desalination plants. As such, it covers all the scientific, technological and economical aspects of this critical industry, not disregarding its environmental and social points of view. One of InTech's books has received widespread praise across a number of key publications. Desalination, Trends and Technologies (Ed. Schorr, M. 2011) has been reviewed in Corrosion Engineering, Science & Technology – the official magazine for the Institute of Materials, Minerals & Mining, and Taylor & Francis's Desalination Publications. Praised for its “multi-faceted content [which] contributes to enrich it,” and described as “an essential companion...[that] enables the reader to gain a deeper understanding of the desalination industry,” this book is testament to the quality improvements we have been striving towards over the last twelve months.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
    Language: English
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The Global Methane Initiative (GMI) is a voluntary international partnership that promotes methane recovery and reuse activities in developing and transition economies. The U.S. Department of State requested an evaluation of the activities and outcomes supported in whole or in part by its contributions to GMI to gauge its value added to the program.
    Keywords: Physics ; Environmental Science ; Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology
    Language: English
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This volume, occasioned by the centenary of the Fritz Haber Institute, formerly the Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, covers the institute's scientific and institutional history from its founding until the present. The institute was among the earliest established by the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, and its inauguration was one of the first steps in the development of Berlin-Dahlem into a center for scientific research. Its establishment was made possible by an endowment from Leopold Koppel, granted on the condition that Fritz Haber, well-known for his discovery of a method to synthesize ammonia from its elements, be made its director. The history of the institute has largely paralleled that of 20th-century Germany. It undertook controversial weapons research during World War I, followed by a "Golden Era" during the 1920s, in spite of financial hardships.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry ; Fritz Haber Institute ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science
    Language: English
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    Springer Nature
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: This open access book highlights Singapore’s development into a city in which water and greenery, along with associated environmental, technical, social and political aspects have been harnessed and cultivated into a liveable sustainable way of life. It is also a story about a unique and thoroughgoing approach to large-scale and potentially transferable water sustainability, within largely urbanized circumstances, which can be achieved, along with complementary roles of environmental conservation, ecology, public open-space management and the greening of buildings, together with infrastructural improvements.
    Keywords: Environment ; Sustainable development ; Environmental management ; Urban geography ; Building—Superintendence ; Construction industry—Management ; Construction superintendence ; Human geography ; Economic geography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGC Human geography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGC Human geography::RGCM Economic geography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RP Regional and area planning::RPC Urban and municipal planning and policy ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNT Building skills and trades
    Language: English
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    Oxford University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-05-12
    Description: This book examines the law, national and/or international, that arbitral tribunals apply on the merits to settle disputes between foreign investors and host states. In light of the freedom that the disputing parties and the arbitrators have when designating the applicable law, and because of the hybrid nature of legal relationship between investors and states, there is significant interplay between the national and the international legal order in investor-state arbitration. The book contains a comprehensive analysis of the relevant jurisprudence, legal instruments, and scholarship surrounding arbitral practice with respect to the application of national law and international law. It investigates the awards in which tribunals referred to consistency between the legal orders, and suggests alternatives to the traditional doctrines of monism and dualism to explain the relationship between the national and the international legal order. The book also addresses the territorialized or internationalized nature of the tribunals; relevant choice-of-law rules and methodologies; and the scope of the arbitration agreement, including the possibility of host states presenting counterclaims in investment treaty arbitration. Ultimately, it argues that in investor–state arbitration, national and international law do not only coexist but may be applied simultaneously; they are also interdependent, each complementing and informing the other both indirectly and directly for a larger common good: enforcement of rights and obligations regardless of their national or international origin.
    Keywords: international law ; host states ; choice-of-law rules ; investor-state arbitration ; foreign investors ; national law ; arbitral tribunals ; Central government ; Conflict of laws ; Creative Commons ; Iran ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LB International law::LBB Public international law::LBBM International economic & trade law ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LB International law::LBB Public international law::LBBM International economic & trade law::LBBM3 Investment treaties & disputes ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LB International law::LBG Private international law & conflict of laws ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LB International law::LBH Settlement of international disputes ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LB International law::LBH Settlement of international disputes::LBHT International arbitration
    Language: English
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    Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: L'approche culturaliste, qui fait une distinction catégorique entre le monde occidental et le monde musulman, a refait surface. Cette perspective réifie l'islam comme une force objective et indépendante qui modèlerait les musulmans, leur culture et leurs relations dans leur société et au sein de leur famille. Elle conclut à l'immuabilité de leur structure tant familiale que sociale et politique du fait de la prééminence du facteur religieux. Le présent ouvrage, issu d'un colloque organisé par l'équipe Monde iranien du CNRS, s'interroge sur la validité de cette approche. Il réunit les contributions d'anthropologues, de démographes et de sociologues qui examinent le cas de l'Afrique subsaharienne, de l'Algérie, de l'Inde et de l'Iran. En abordant les questions relatives à la structure patriarcale, aux impacts de l'intervention de l'État, à la place de l'enfant au sein de la famille, aux rapports entre générations, aux processus d'individuation et d'autonomisation, ces contributions soulignent les mutations de ces sociétés et révèlent le facteur religieux comme un facteur parmi d'autres.
    Keywords: H1-99 ; Iran ; anthropologie ; Algérie ; famille ; sociologie ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
    Language: French
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    Springer Nature
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Arising from a scientific conference marking the 100th anniversary of her birth, this book honors the life and work of the social scientist and diplomat Ester Boserup, who blazed new trails in her interdisciplinary approach to development and sustainability.
    Keywords: Environment ; Sustainable development ; Agriculture ; Sociology ; Ecosystems ; Human geography ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSF Gender studies, gender groups ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGC Human geography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVB Agricultural science
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Progress in agricultural, biomedical and industrial applications' is a compilation of recent advances and developments in gas chromatography and its applications. The chapters cover various aspects of applications ranging from basic biological, biomedical applications to industrial applications. Book chapters analyze new developments in chromatographic columns, microextraction techniques, derivatisation techniques and pyrolysis techniques. The book also includes several aspects of basic chromatography techniques and is suitable for both young and advanced chromatographers. It includes some new developments in chromatography such as multidimensional chromatography, inverse chromatography and some discussions on two-dimensional chromatography. The topics covered include analysis of volatiles, toxicants, indoor air, petroleum hydrocarbons, organometallic compounds and natural products. The chapters were written by experts from various fields and clearly assisted by simple diagrams and tables. This book is highly recommended for chemists as well as non-chemists working in gas chromatography.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book discusses electrocatalysis and electrocatalysts for energy, water electrolysis, water treatment, CO2 conversion, and green chemistry. It reviews various electrocatalysts and their properties and electrochemical performances. The first section of the book covers topics in direct alcohol fuel cells including Pt-based electrocatalysts as non-carbon electrode support materials and the development of electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells. The second section of the book covers various topics in electrocatalysis and electrocatalysts for a cleaner environment, including electrocatalysts for the conversion of CO2 to valuable products and SYNGAS, electrocatalysts for water electrolysis, and much more.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry::PNRH Electrochemistry and magnetochemistry
    Language: English
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Die Chemie büßt zugunsten physikalischer und lebenswissenschaftlicher Konzeptionen zunehmend an Deutungsmacht über die molekulare Welt ein. Sandra Lang untersucht, inwiefern die Ausdifferenzierung der chemischen Wissenschaften mit sich ebenfalls ausdifferenzierenden Zugriffen auf das Molekulare zusammenhängt. Anhand der vier exemplarischen Grenzfelder Materialwissenschaften, Biomedizin, Pharmazie und Quantenchemie und deren Narrative zur molekularen Eigenschaft der Chiralität veranschaulicht sie die transformative Phase der Chemie angesichts sich wandelnder Innovationsdispositive.
    Keywords: Chemie ; Chiralität ; Molekülkonzept ; Naturwissenschaften ; Grenzarbeit ; Interdisziplinarität ; Hybridität ; Wissenschaft ; Technik ; Wissenschaftssoziologie ; Techniksoziologie ; Wissenssoziologie ; Wissenschaftsgeschichte ; Soziologie ; Chemistry ; Chirality ; Molecule Concept ; Natural Sciences ; Border Work ; Interdisciplinarity ; Hybridity ; Science ; Technology ; Sociology of Science ; Sociology of Technology ; Sociology of Knowledge ; History of Science ; Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDR Impact of science and technology on society ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology
    Language: German
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Keywords: Environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology::TQK Pollution control ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TV Agriculture & farming::TVR Forestry & silviculture: practice & techniques ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAL Forestry & related industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPR Regional government
    Language: German
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    CNRS Éditions
    Publication Date: 2022-07-01
    Description: L’islam offre deux visages : celui d’un monothéisme abstrait, où domine la transcendance de Dieu, au risque d’engendrer le fanatisme. Mais aussi, et surtout, celui, plus discret, mais non moins insistant, d’un monothéisme concret, qui valorise la manifestation visible de l’essence de Dieu dans l’apparition sensible des actions divines. Dans cette étude pionnière qui surprendra par sa liberté de ton, Souâd Ayada renouvelle en profondeur notre connaissance des systèmes de pensée qui ont fondé l’islam des théophanies. Un modèle de sagesse aux antipodes de l’austérité coranique, selon lequel Dieu se donne à voir par l’entremise de l’« homme parfait » et par toutes les formes de beauté qui révèlent sa majesté. Réconciliant l’amour, l’intelligence et la connaissance, cette conception de la révélation, notamment portée par le soufisme, préserve l’islam de toute dérive juridique et politique, et accorde à l’art toute sa place. Elle constitue l’antidote que l’islam a lui-même produit pour guérir le mal du dogmatisme et l’intolérance. Dévoilant les impasses et les contradictions du fondamentalisme, dialoguant avec les sources juives et chrétiennes, confrontant le message du soufisme à la philosophie de Hegel ou à la pensée d’Emmanuel Levinas, Souâd Ayada signe un livre essentiel, en forme de plaidoyer pour une approche audacieuse, exigeante et ouverte de l’islam.
    Keywords: islam ; Dieu ; art ; Iran ; métaphysique ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRH Islam
    Language: French
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: This is an open access book. Lewis F Richardson (1981-1953), a physicist by training, was a pioneer in meteorology and peace research and remains a towering presence in both fields. This edited volume reviews his work and assesses its influence in the social sciences, notably his work on arms races and their consequences, mathematical models, the size distribution of wars, and geographical features of conflict. It contains brief bibliographies of his main publications and of articles and books written about Richardson and his work and discusses his continuing influence in peace research and international relations as well as his attitude to the ethical responsibilities of a scientist. It will be of interest to a wide range of scholars. This book includes 11 chapters written by Nils Petter Gleditsch, Dina A Zinnes, Ron Smith, Paul F Diehl, Kelly Kadera, Mark Crescenzi, Michael D Ward, Kristian Skrede Gleditsch, Nils B Weidmann, Jürgen Scheffran, Niall MacKay, Aaron Clauset, Michael Spagat and Stijn van Weezel. Lewis F Richardson occupied an important position in two academic fields as different as meteorology and peace research, with academic prizes awarded in both disciplines. In peace research, he pioneered the use of mathematical models and the meticulous compilation of databases for empirical research. As a quaker and pacifist, he refused to work in preparations for war, paid a heavy prize in terms of his career, and (at least in the social sciences) was fully recognized as a pioneering scholar only posthumously with the publication of two major books. Lewis Fry Richardson is one of the 20th century’s greatest but least appreciated thinkers—a creative physicist, psychologist, meteorologist, applied mathematician, historian, pacifist, statistician, and witty stylist. If you’ve heard of weather prediction, chaos, fractals, cliometrics, peace science, big data, thick tails, or black swans, then you have benefited from Richardson’s prescience in bringing unruly phenomena into the ambit of scientific understanding. Richardson’s ideas continue to be relevant today, and this collection is a superb retrospective on this brilliant and lovable man. Steven Pinker, Johnstone Professor, Harvard University, and the author of The Better Angels of Our Nature and Enlightenment Now
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental law ; Environmental policy ; Science ; Peace ; Political science ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTJ Peace studies & conflict resolution ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPA Political science & theory ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LN Laws of Specific jurisdictions::LNK Environment, transport & planning law::LNKJ Environment law ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science
    Language: English
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  • 78
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    Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Das Buch präsentiert einen multidisziplinären Ansatz für das unerbittliche Streben nach Entwicklung im globalen Süden, indem es sich auf ein halbes Jahrhundert jüngster lateinamerikanischer Wirtschaftsgeschichte konzentriert. Darüber hinaus zielt es darauf ab, die akademische Debatte neu zu beleben, ob Rohstoffreichtum Segen oder Fluch ist. Der bahnbrechende diachrone Vergleich zweier ecuadorianischer Ölbooms, 1972-1980 und 2003-2014, zeigt Prozesse der Kontinuität und des Wandels in der Fähigkeit des peripheren Staates, in den nationalen Entwicklungsprozess und seine Folgen für die soziale Ordnung einzugreifen, eingerahmt von den zeitgenössischen Formen des globalen Kapitalismus und dem Eindringen des Umweltgedankens in die Entwicklungspolitik. Abstract By focusing on a half-century of recent Latin American economic history, this book presents a multidisciplinary approach to examining the relentless pursuit of development in the Global South and aims to revitalise the academic debate on whether having abundant natural resources is a blessing or a curse. Its pioneering diachronic comparative approach of analysing two Ecuadorian oil booms, those in 1972–1980 and 2003–2014, reveals processes of continuity and change in the capacity of this peripheral state to intervene in its national development process and the consequences of this on its social formation, framed by the contemporary trends of global capitalism and the irruption of environmental thinking into development policymaking.
    Keywords: GE1-350 ; HD72-88 ; JF20-2112 ; Oil ; Development ; Environment ; Latin America ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Language: English
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  • 79
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    University of Calgary Press
    Publication Date: 2022-08-03
    Description: What are the challenges surrounding water in Western Canada? What are our rights to water? Does water itself have rights? Water Rites: Reimagining Water in the West documents the many ways that water flows through our lives, connecting the humans, animals, and plants that all depend on this precious and endangered resource. Essays from scholars, activists, environmentalists, and human rights advocates illuminate the diverse issues surrounding water in Alberta, including the right to access clean drinking water, the competing demands of the resource development industry and Indigenous communities, and the dwindling supply of fresh water in the face of human-caused climate change. Statements from community organizations detail the challenges facing watersheds, and the actions being taken to mitigate these problems. With a special focus on Environmental and Indigenous issues, Water Rites explores how deeply water is tied to human life. These essays are complemented by full-colour portfolios of work by contemporary painters, photographers, and installation artists who explore our relation to water. Reproductions of historical paintings, engravings and film stills demonstrate how water has shaped our country’s cultural imaginary from its beginnings, proving that water is a vital resource for our lives and our imaginations.
    Keywords: Water ; Western Canada ; Environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Language: English
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    CNRS Éditions
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: On constate aujourd'hui dans les sociétés musulmanes un regain de la pratique du ramadan. Ce regain peut être interprété comme un signe de réislamisation, mais il ne s'agit pas d'un simple retour à une tradition. A travers la permanence du rite, c'est l'évolution de ses formes, le changement de ses modalités, le renouvellement de ses discours, l'exégèse de la foi qui sont à l'œuvre. Ce qui frappe à la lecture des chapitres de cet ouvrage, c'est l'extrême adaptabilité d'une pratique religieuse qui est tout sauf figée et uniforme. Le ramadan est présenté dans cet ouvrage comme un rituel de changement social, d'innovation culturelle, de politique publique, voire de mobilisation politique. Il est également un temps de négociation entre sphères publique et privée dans le contexte de la globalisation. On peut en voir l'illustration à travers l'utilisation électorale du « mois béni » en Iran ou en Turquie, sa mise à profit par le Parti de l'action démocratique en Bosnie, ou sa manipulation par les tueurs de diverses obédiences en Algérie. Sans oublier les disputes lunaires auxquelles il donne lieu entre les différentes autorités, ni sa visibilité croissante dans les sociétés ouest-européennes. Cette flexibilité du rite s'accompagne de sa polysémie : il est un moment fort d'investissement religieux, politique et économique qui permet la distinction sociale et l'individuation du croyant. Si l'on ajoute que le ramadan est en même temps une fête carnavalesque qui introduit et canalise le désordre et la transgression, on admettra, avec les auteurs de cet ouvrage, qu'on ne peut le considérer simplement comme une norme contraignante. Sous ses auspices, la relation de l'Homme au Dieu créateur va de pair avec la création du monde par l'Homme.
    Keywords: Ramadan ; sociétés musulmanes ; rites ; islam ; Maroc ; Turquie ; Bosnie-Herzégovine ; Iran ; musulmans chinois ; Islam chinois ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSR Social groups: religious groups and communities
    Language: French
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    Leiden University Press | Leiden University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Photography is clearly not a mirror of daily life: that images are constructions is especially obvious in19th-century studio portrait photography. This book explores how indigenous Iranian photographers constructed their own realities in contrast to how foreign photographers constructed Iranians’ realities. Through an in-depth comparative visual analysis of 19th-century Iranian portrait photography and Persian painting, the author arrives at the insight that aesthetic preferences correlate with socio-cultural habits and practices in writing, reading and looking. Subsequently, she advocates for a place in a global history of photography for those unknown, local photo histories (such as the Iranian one) and for the indigenous photographers who produced them.
    Keywords: History ; Photography ; Albumen print ; Iran ; Persian language ; Qajar dynasty ; Western culture ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AJ Photography and photographs
    Language: English
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    transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-02-04
    Description: Despite the impact of ideological rigidity, the primary challenge of heritage planning in Tehran and beyond lies not in the dominance of an inflexible Authorized Heritage Discourse, but rather in the absence of stable spatial-discursive and administrative structures. Solmaz Yadollahi maps the historical trajectory of conservation and urban heritage planning in Iran, depicting a discursive-spatial assemblage that tends to knock down its accumulated resources. This is in line with Katouzian's portrayal of Iran as a pick-axe society. Residing within this society, the studied assemblage strives to deconstruct the prevailing structures and usher in a fresh one, paradoxically perpetuating the very cycle it seeks to escape.
    Keywords: Urban Heritage ; Conservation ; Planning ; Assemblage ; Iran ; Tehran ; City ; Architecture ; Memory Culture ; Urban Studies ; Space ; Qualitative Social Research ; Cultural History ; Museum ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSG Urban communities ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography::RGC Human geography ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBC Social research & statistics
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Les révolutions dans le monde arabe n’ont pas seulement ébranlé ou mis à bas des régimes réputés inamovibles. Leurs ondes de choc ont aussi bouleversé les relations des pays arabes avec les autres États du monde. C’est cette question fondamentale et pourtant peu explorée qu’aborde ce livre sur les répercussions des révolutions arabes à l’échelle régionale et internationale, à travers les exemples de la Turquie, de l’Iran, de la Russie, d’Israël et de la Chine. Chacun des chapitres de la premi...
    Keywords: islamisme ; Israël ; Tunisie ; jeunesse ; Jordanie ; Syrie ; Égypte ; sémantique textuelle ; Bahreïn ; Baas ; Libye ; médias ; Alaouites ; communauté internationale ; Iran ; autoritarisme ; migration ; confessionalisme ; Réseaux sociaux ; Turquie
    Language: French
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Spinoza’s Theological-Political Treatise first appeared, anonymously, in 1670. After the publication of the Opera Posthuma (1677), few scholars took the trouble to take the work seriously. In his famous History of Philosophy, Hegel only devoted a few lines to the work, caustically describing it as a mere predecessor of contemporary Biblical criticism. In the early 20th century, Gebhardt deemed it a pamphlet written as an intervention in the political-ecclesiastical controversies of the Republican Era of Johan de Witt, which ended with violent death by the Hague mob. In the 21st century, Verbeek outlined its inconsistencies and named it ‘badly organized and—let us admit it—without a clear and recognizable focus’. Notwithstanding this benign neglect, in the past five decades the TTP has finally emerged from the shadow of the Ethics. In the wake of the growing interest in the political philosophy of Spinoza in France and Italy and the study of the historical significance of Radical Enlightenment by Jonathan Israel, recent studies of the TTP have focused on the context of the Dutch Republic, but also explored the work’s broader philosophical relevance. This commemorative Special Issue offers a style guide of the various recent approaches to the TTP, placing the work in its historical context, exploring its Medieval and Early Modern sources, assessing its philosophical (in)coherence, and, finally, its critical relevance in a globalized world, in Brazil, Iran, and in times of enduring authoritarianism and fake news.
    Keywords: political philosophy ; philosophy of religion ; enlightenment ; modern philosophy ; Spinoza ; Theological-Political-Treatise ; Tractatus-Theologico-Politicus ; salvation ; religion ; philosophical religion ; natural theology ; Bible ; scripture ; philosophy ; theological-political treatise ; liberty to philosophize ; Petrus de Witte ; Romeyn de Hooghe ; Bacon ; historiola mentis ; biblical hermeneutics ; metaphysics ; Tractatus Theologico-Politicus ; Maimonides ; Leo Strauss ; conspiracy theory ; political affect ; superstition ; tractatus theologico-politicus ; Theological–Political Treatise ; Iran ; Shia ; Qur’ān ; chain murders ; democracy ; Judaism ; Enlightenment ; freedom of thinking ; Baruch de Spinoza ; Marilena Chaui ; Jewish philosophy ; Islamic philosophy ; prophecy ; spiritual exercises ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Language: English
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  • 85
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    Springer Nature
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This book provides an authoritative insight on the Loss and Damage discourse by highlighting state-of-the-art research and policy linked to this discourse and articulating its multiple concepts, principles and methods. Written by leading researchers and practitioners, it identifies practical and evidence-based policy options to inform the discourse and climate negotiations. With climate-related risks on the rise and impacts being felt around the globe has come the recognition that climate mitigation and adaptation may not be enough to manage the effects from anthropogenic climate change. This recognition led to the creation of the Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage in 2013, a climate policy mechanism dedicated to dealing with climate-related effects in highly vulnerable countries that face severe constraints and limits to adaptation. Endorsed in 2015 by the Paris Agreement and effectively considered a third pillar of international climate policy, debate and research on Loss and Damage continues to gain enormous traction. Yet, concepts, methods and tools as well as directions for policy and implementation have remained contested and vague. Suitable for researchers, policy-advisors, practitioners and the interested public, the book furthermore: • discusses the political, legal, economic and institutional dimensions of the issue • highlights normative questions central to the discourse • provides a focus on climate risks and climate risk management. • presents salient case studies from around the world. ; First comprehensive stocktaking exercise highlighting the state of the art of research, political debate and policy options on loss and damage and the debate on risks "beyond adaptation" Articulates principles and definitions of loss and damage, and highlights ethical and normative issues central to the discourse Identifies practical and evidence-based policy and implementation options for its operationalization
    Keywords: Environment ; Climate change ; Climate change ; Climate change ; Environmental law ; Environmental policy ; Risk management ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJM Management and management techniques ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNK Environment, transport and planning law: general::LNKJ Environment law ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution and threats to the environment::RNPG Climate change
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The concept of the ‘Zero Energy Mass Custom Home’ or ZEMCH is emerging with the aim of exploring opportunities to make our built environment more socially, economically, environmentally, and humanly sustainable. The built environment is indeed a system of energy and environment that is occupied by the masses, embracing diverse cultural and economic backgrounds. Today, the United Nations articulates the 17 Sustainable Development Goals that reflect necessary global actions for humanity and the planet. In view of these agendas, the delivery of built environments is becoming more demanding and complex than ever, and it is now required that developers accommodate the social, economic, environmental, and human dimensions of these sustainability challenges. This volume encompasses a wide spectrum of ZEMCH research and development knowledge that concerns design engineering, construction management, material innovation, renewable energy technology, and community planning.
    Keywords: sustainable ; architecture ; Zero Energy Mass Custom Homes (ZEMCH) ; energy ; efficiency ; forecasting ; ethics ; climate change ; log burning ; natural ventilation ; solar chimney ; Trombe wall ; renewable energy ; passive ventilation ; building application ; energy management ; green building performance ; office building ; SEM-PLS ; domestic environment ; occupant experience ; environmental design ; health and wellbeing ; housing production ; low-cost ; design quality ; social housing ; government programs ; post-occupancy ; healthy environments ; mass customization ; age-friendly ; active ageing ; ageing in place ; walkability ; bikeability ; accessibility ; BREEAM ; CASBEE ; Green Star ; LEED ; multi-criteria assessment ; sustainable building ; degrowth ; post-growth ; built environment ; sustainability transformations ; wood ; additional floor construction ; sustainability ; Finland ; (summer) cottage ; second home ; (summer) villa ; holiday home ; urban regeneration ; phytoremediation ; Bagnoli former area ; thermal bridge ; sustainable architecture ; finite element modeling ; energy performance ; heat transfer ; heat equation ; simulation ; computational design ; thermal modeling ; computational methods ; bio-based material ; construction ; environment ; circular economy ; life cycle ; behavioural factors ; developing and developed countries ; domestic sector ; electricity use per capita ; energy subsidy ; Iran ; Passivhaus ; ZEMCH ; affordable housing ; synergies ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2023-09-12
    Description: The response of the international community to the pressing socio-ecological problems has been framed around the concept of ‘sustainable development’. The ecological pressure, however, has continued to rise and mainstream sustainability discourse has proven to be problematic. It contains an instrumental view of the world, a strong focus on technological solutions, and the premise that natural and human-made ‘capitals’ are substitutable. This trajectory, which is referred to as ‘weak sustainability’, reproduces inequalities, denies intrinsic values in nature, and jeopardises the wellbeing of humans as well as other beings. Based on the assumptions of strong sustainability, this edited book presents practical and theoretical alternatives to today’s unsustainable societies. It investigates and advances pathways for humanity that are ecologically realistic, ethically inclusive, and receptive to the task’s magnitude and urgency. The book challenges the traditional anthropocentric ethos and ontology, economic growth-dogma, and programmes of ecological modernisation. It discusses options with examples on different levels of analysis, from the individual to the global, addressing the economic system, key sectors of society, alternative lifestyles, and experiences of local communities. Examining key topics including human–nature relations and wealth and justice, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars of environmental and development studies, ecological economics, environmental governance and policy, sustainable business, and sustainability science.
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics ; Sustainability ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Surfactants are ubiquitous and have applications in diverse areas, including food, cosmetics, detergents, lubricants, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), and targeted drug delivery systems. Their wide diversity of applications owes to their unique structure, namely, a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic group present in the same molecule. Although most surfactants used industrially are synthetic, there is a growing need for natural surfactants, as the latter is obtainable from renewable sources and are less toxic and highly biodegradable in contrast to their synthetic counterparts. This book is a compilation of interesting articles by various experts that cover various applications of both synthetic and natural surfactants.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry::PNRC Colloid chemistry
    Language: English
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Für den Schutz der Amazonaswälder Brasiliens bieten die gemeindebasiert verwalteten Nutzreservate Resex großes Potential. Michaela Meurer befasst sich detailliert mit der Vielfalt von Nutzungsregeln in der Resex Tapajós-Arapiuns, die sich im Zuge der gemeinsamen Verwaltung durch Staat, Zivilgesellschaft und Lokalbevölkerung herausgebildet haben. Die facettenreiche Ethnographie vermittelt einen fundierten Einblick in soziale Realitäten des heutigen Amazoniens und erweitert die anthropologische Theoriebildung um eine praxistheoretische Ausgestaltung Politischer Ontologie.
    Keywords: Naturschutz ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umwelt ; Brasilien ; Amazonien ; Subsistenzpraktiken ; Rechtspluralismus ; Extraktivismus ; Reserva Extrativista (RESEX) ; Ressourcen ; Mensch ; Politik ; Klimapolitik ; Mensch-Umwelt-Beziehung ; Ontologische Wende ; Politische Ontologie ; Natur ; Ethnologie ; Kulturanthropologie ; Recht ; Lateinamerika ; Conservation ; Sustainability ; Environment ; Brazil ; Subsistence Practices ; Legal Pluralism ; Extractivism ; Resources ; Human ; Politics ; Climate Policy ; Human-environment-relationship ; Ontological Turn ; Political Ontology ; Nature ; Ethnology ; Cultural Anthropology ; Law ; Latin America ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology ; thema EDItEUR::L Law
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Each year, natural hazards, such as earthquakes, landslides, avalanches, tsunamis, floods, wildfires, severe storms, and drought, , affect humans worldwide, resulting in deaths, suffering, and economic losses. According to insurance broker Aon, 2010–2019 was the worst decade on record for economic losses due to disasters triggered by natural hazards, amounting to USD 3 trillion, which is USD 1 trillion more than for the period of 2000–2009. In 2019, the economic losses from disasters caused by natural hazards were estimated at over USD 200 billion (UNDRR Annual Report, 2019). In this context, remote sensing shows high potential to provide valuable information, at various spatial and temporal scales, concerning natural processes and their associated risks. The recent advances in remote sensing technologies and analysis, in terms of sensors, platforms, and techniques, are strongly contributing to the development of natural hazards research. With this Special Issue titled “Remote Sensing for Natural Hazards Assessment and Control”, we proposed state-of-the-art research that specifically addresses multiple aspects on the use of remote sensing (RS) for Natural Hazards (NH). The aim was therefore to collect innovative methodologies, expertise, and capabilities to detect, assess, monitor, and model natural hazards. The present Special Issue of Remote Sensing encompasses 18 open access papers presenting scientific studies based on the exploitation of a broad range of RS data and techniques, as well as focusing on a well-assorted sample of NH types.
    Keywords: wildfires ; hillslope erosion ; satellite imagery ; rainfall erosivity ; RUSLE ; rockfall source areas ; identification ; relief ; slope angle ; rock mass strength ; rockfall susceptibility ; land subsidence ; Geographic Information System (GIS) ; InSAR ; machine learning algorithm ; meta-heuristics ; Iran ; k-Nearest Neighbor ; Random Forest ; fires ; Landsat 8 ; Sentinel 2 ; Terra ; ASTER ; MODIS ; burned ; mapping ; hazard chain ; turbidity ; suspended sediment detection ; extreme climate events ; tailing dam risk management ; spatiotemporal pattern mining ; El Niño ; remote sensing ; geographic information system ; flash floods ; visual analysis ; SAR offset tracking ; glacier surface velocity ; glacier instability ; glacier hazards ; ice avalanches ; ENSO ; glacier mass balance ; glacier surface energy ; earthquake ; coseismic effects ; field line resonance ; acoustic gravity waves ; lithosphere-magnetosphere coupling ; burnt area monitoring ; Australia ; Sydney ; wildfire ; earth observation ; mid-resolution sensors ; time series analysis ; burn severity ; climate zones ; deep learning ; PRISMA ; burned area ; Sentinel-2 ; morphological operator ; convolutional neural network ; casualty prediction ; importance assessment ; spatial division ; support vector regression ; digital image correlation ; phase correlation ; optical flow ; time series image stack ; landslides ; ground motion identification ; displacement mapping ; UAS ; risk assessment ; random forest ; DInSAR ; Yan’an city ; settlement prediction ; reclaimed land ; exponential model ; Asaoka method ; wide-area deformation ; deformation detection ; time-series InSAR ; stacking ; Turpan–Hami basin ; heavy rainfall ; shallow landslides ; TRIGRS model ; spatial distribution ; susceptibility assessment ; Longchuan County ; Guangdong Province ; MT-InSAR ; ground deformation monitoring ; Sentinel-1A/B ; image partition ; block adjustment ; Gaofen-2 ; Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) ; freeze–thaw processes ; permafrost ; Qilian Mountains ; natural hazards ; hazard ; vulnerability ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The chemical sensor plays an essential role in the fields of environmental conservation and monitoring, disaster and disease prevention, and industrial analysis. A typical chemical sensor is a device that transforms chemical information in a selective and reversible way, ranging from the concentration of a specific sample component to total composition analysis, into an analytically useful signal. Much research work has been performed to achieve a chemical sensor with such excellent qualities as quick response, low cost, small size, superior sensitivity, good reversibility and selectivity, and excellent detection limit. This book introduces the latest advances on chemical sensors. It consists of 15 chapters composed by the researchers active in the field of chemical sensors, and is divided into 5 sections according to the classification following the principles of signal transducer. This collection of up-to-date information and the latest research progress on chemical sensor will provide valuable references and learning materials for all those working in the field of chemical sensors.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
    Language: English
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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    Springer Nature
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: Environment; Environmental management; Agriculture; Climate change; Soil science; Soil conservation; Environmental law; Environmental policy
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental management ; Agriculture ; Climate change ; Soil science ; Soil conservation ; Environmental law ; Environmental policy ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LN Laws of Specific jurisdictions::LNK Environment, transport & planning law::LNKJ Environment law ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBG Geology & the lithosphere::RBGB Soil science, sedimentology ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution & threats to the environment::RNPG Climate change ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TV Agriculture & farming::TVB Agricultural science
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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    De Gruyter | De Gruyter
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Presents technologies and key concepts to produce suitable smart materials and intelligent structures for sensing, information and communication technology, biomedical applications (drug delivery, hyperthermia therapy), self-healing, flexible memories and construction technologies. Novel developments of environmental friendly, cost-effective and scalable production processes are discussed by experts in the field.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Industrial & Technical ; Technology & Engineering ; Textiles & Polymers ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
    Language: English
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    Amsterdam University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: The Wadden Sea Region is comprised of the embanked coastal marshes and islands in the Wadden Sea near Denmark, Germany, and the Netherlands, and this area retains an exceptional common history in all its aspects: archaeologically, economically, socially, and culturally. Its settlement history of more than two thousand years is unrivalled and still mirrored in the landscape and even though it has never constituted a political unity, it still shares a landscape and cultural heritage. For example, the approaches to water management and associated societal organisation developed in the region during the last millennium have set significant world standards, values which were recognised by UNESCO in inscribing the Wadden Sea on its World Heritage List. This book encompasses the contributions presented at the scientific symposium of prominent scientists who gathered in 2016 in Husum, Germany, a landmark event in sharing knowledge on the common history, landscape, cultural heritage of the Wadden Sea Region.
    Keywords: Environment ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology::NKP Environmental archaeology
    Language: English
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  • 97
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Distillation is an important separation technique that has been used for many centuries to exploit the volatility differences between components in a mixture. The distillation process has many variations and applications. This book includes two sections on desalination and reactive distillation. It discusses desalination in the processes of solar and membrane distillation, with a focus on the reduction of energy costs to obtain potable water. It also discusses reactive distillation, which can be used in some cases to reduce the power duty in the separation process by using the reaction heat directly in the separation. The book includes cases of mathematical modeling, simulation, and optimization of the distillation process.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Welche Rolle können die Geisteswissenschaften bei der Gestaltung unserer gemeinsamen Zukunft spielen? Von welchen Werten lassen wir uns im 21. Jahrhundert leiten? Wie können wir das Potenzial der Geisteswissenschaften in einer Zeit vielfältiger Krisen nutzen? Die Autor*innen stellen sich diesen grundlegenden Fragen und verorten die Antworten in einem neuen Verständnis von Geisteswissenschaften, die ihr Denken und ihre Vorstellungskraft an Kriterien einer lebenswerten Zukunft ausrichten. Diese Geisteswissenschaften stellen sich in den Dienst allen Lebens auf unserem Planeten und sind dadurch in der Lage, neu formulierte, verbindliche Werte in die Gesellschaft hineinzutragen und der Zerstörung unserer Umwelt entschlossen entgegenzutreten.
    Keywords: Geisteswissenschaft ; Zukunft ; Wert ; Krise ; Gesellschaft ; Umwelt ; Leben ; Denken ; Handeln ; Wandel ; Wissenschaft ; Natur ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Soziologie ; Umweltethik ; Humanities ; Future ; Value ; Crisis ; Society ; Environment ; Life ; Thought ; Acting ; Change ; Science ; Nature ; Cultural Studies ; Sociology ; Environmental Ethics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology
    Language: German
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  • 99
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    University of Calgary Press
    Publication Date: 2022-08-03
    Description: Fundamentally concerned with place, and our ability to understand human relationships with environment over time, Historical Geographic Information Systems (HGIS) as a tool and a subject has direct bearing for the study of contemporary environmental issues and realities. To date, HGIS projects in Canada are few and publications that discuss these projects directly even fewer. This book brings together case studies of HGIS projects in historical geography, social and cultural history, and environmental history from Canada's diverse regions. Projects include religion and ethnicity, migration, indigenous land practices, rebuilding a nineteenth-century neighborhood, and working with Google Earth. With contributions by: Colleen Beard Stephen Bocking Jennifer Bonnell Jim Clifford Joanna Dean François Dufaux Patrick A. Dunae Marcel Fortin Jason Gilliland William M. Glen Megan Harvey Matthew G. Hatvany Sally Hermansen Andrew Hinson Don Lafreniere John S. Lutz Joshua D. MacFadyen Daniel Macfarlane Jennifer Marvin Cameron Metcalf Byron Moldofsky Sherry Olson Jon Pasher Daniel Rueck R. W. Sandwell Henry Yu Barbara Znamirowski
    Keywords: Geography ; Environment ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
    Language: English
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    Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux | Pôle Production Imprimé, Université Bordeaux Montaigne
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: More than ever, care policies have become crucial issues in many European countries due to demographic ageing and technological developments, but also due to the emergence of a new approach by health actors that transforms patients into users, citizens or clients, as the case may be. In this context, the issue of unequal access to care has become a shared concern in Europe, particularly socio-spatial inequalities. We are observing, on the one hand, the development of governance systems by health authorities and, on the other hand, the mobilisation of networks, be they technical, social or territorial, which constitute useful resources for public authorities and health actors in seeking to respond to management issues and patient demands. The issue of the territorialisation of health is questioned through the networking of territories, state borders, the relations between territories and networks, and the effects or not in terms of the attenuation of socio-spatial inequalities. The link between health and territory is a good indicator of the changes in our societies and the way in which public authorities meet the challenges through the implementation of appropriate policies.
    Keywords: geography ; public Health ; Border ; Environment ; Environmental risks ; Margin ; Cross-border health ; Social practices ; Heritage ; Culture ; Development ; Territory ; Urban projects ; metropolises ; agglomerations ; multi-level governance ; integration ; cooperation ; urban governance ; Economy ; Telemedicine ; Institutionalism ; Political geography ; Geopolitics ; Health ; Security ; Rural areas ; Vulnerability ; Disability ; Ageing ; Exile ; Inclusion ; anchoring ; mobility ; medico-social ; public policies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes
    Language: French , English , Spanish
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