ALBERT

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Adair Turner became chairman of Britain's Financial Services Authority just as the global financial crisis struck in 2008, and he played a leading role in redesigning global financial regulation. In this eye-opening book, he sets the record straight about what really caused the crisis. It didn't happen because banks are too big to fail--our addiction to private debt is to blame. Between Debt and the Devil challenges the belief that we need credit growth to fuel economic growth, and that rising debt is okay as long as inflation remains low. In fact, most credit is not needed for economic growth--but it drives real estate booms and busts and leads to financial crisis and depression. Turner explains why public policy needs to manage the growth and allocation of credit creation, and why debt needs to be taxed as a form of economic pollution. Banks need far more capital, real estate lending must be restricted, and we need to tackle inequality and mitigate the relentless rise of real estate prices. Turner also debunks the big myth about fiat money--the erroneous notion that printing money will lead to harmful inflation. To escape the mess created by past policy errors, we sometimes need to monetize government debt and finance fiscal deficits with central-bank money. Between Debt and the Devil shows why we need to reject the assumption that private credit is essential to growth and fiat money is inevitably dangerous. Each has its advantages, and each creates risks that public policy must consciously balance.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This work summarizes the historical progression of the field of lithium (Li) isotope studies and provides a comprehensive yet succinct overview of the research applications toward which they have been directed. In synthesizing the historical and current research, the volume also suggests prospective future directions of study. Not even a full decade has passed since the publication of a broadly inclusive summary of Li isotope research around the globe (Tomascak, 2004). In this short time, the use of this isotope system in the investigation of geo- and cosmochemical questions has increased dramatically, due, in part, to the advent of new analytical technology at the end of the last millennium. Lithium, as a light element that forms low-charge, moderate-sized ions, manifests a number of chemical properties that make its stable isotope system useful in a wide array of geo- and cosmochemical research fields.  

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: "One of the world's leading economists of inequality, Branko Milanovic presents a bold new account of the dynamics that drive inequality on a global scale. Drawing on vast data sets and cutting-edge research, he explains the benign and malign forces that make inequality rise and fall within and among nations. He also reveals who has been helped the most by globalization, who has been held back, and what policies might tilt the balance toward economic justice. Global Inequality takes us back hundreds of years, and as far around the world as data allow, to show that inequality moves in cycles, fueled by war and disease, technological disruption, access to education, and redistribution. The recent surge of inequality in the West has been driven by the revolution in technology, just as the Industrial Revolution drove inequality 150 years ago. But even as inequality has soared within nations, it has fallen dramatically among nations, as middle-class incomes in China and India have drawn closer to the stagnating incomes of the middle classes in the developed world. A more open migration policy would reduce global inequality even further. Both American and Chinese inequality seem well entrenched and self-reproducing, though it is difficult to predict if current trends will be derailed by emerging plutocracy, populism, or war. For those who want to understand how we got where we are, where we may be heading, and what policies might help reverse that course, Milanovic's compelling explanation is the ideal place to start."--Provided by publisher

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- CONTENTS -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- PART I FROM CUNEIFORM TO CLASSICAL CIVILIZATION -- 1 Finance and Writing -- 2 Finance and Urbanism -- 3 Financial Architecture -- 4 Mesopotamian Twilight -- 5 Athenian Finance -- 6 Monetary Revolution -- 7 Roman Finance -- PART II THE FINANCIAL LEGACY OF CHINA -- 8 China's First Financial World -- 9 Unity and Bureaucracy -- 10 Financial Divergence -- PART III THE EUROPEAN CRUCIBLE -- 11 The Temple and Finance -- 12 Venice -- 13 Fibonacci and Finance -- 14 Immortal Bonds

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 15 The Discovery of Chance -- 16 Efficient Markets -- 17 Europe, Inc. -- 18 Corporations and Exploration -- 19 A Projecting Age -- 20 A Bubble in France -- 21 According to Hoyle -- 22 Securitization and Debt -- PART IV THE EMERGENCE OF GLOBAL MARKETS -- 23 Marx and Markets -- 24 China's Financiers -- 25 The Russian Bear -- 26 Keynes to the Rescue -- 27 The New Financial World -- 28 Re-Engineering the Future -- 29 Post-War Theory -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Illustration Credits -- Index

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: "Climate change is a pressing international political issue, for which a practical but principled solution is urgently required. Climate Justice in a Non-Ideal World aims to make normative theorising on climate justice more relevant and applicable to political realities and public policy. The motivation behind this edited collection is that normative theorising has something to offer even in an imperfect world mired by partial compliance and unfavourable circumstances. In the last years, a lively debate has sprung up in political philosophy about non-ideal theory and there has also been an upsurge of interest in the various normative issues raised by climate change such as intergenerational justice, transnational harm, collective action, or risk assessment. However, there has been little systematic discussion of the links between climate justice and non-ideal theory even though the former would seem like a paradigm example of the relevance of the latter. The aim of this edited volume is to address this. In doing so, the volume presents original work from leading experts on climate ethics, including several who have participated in climate policy. The first part of the book discusses those facets of the debate on climate justice that become relevant due to the shortcomings of current global action on climate change. The second part makes specific suggestions for adjusting current policies and negotiating procedures in ways that are feasible in the relatively short term while still decreasing the distance between current climate policy and the ideal. The chapters in the third and final part reflect upon how philosophical work can be brought to bear on the debates in climate science, communication, and politics."--

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: While the theoretical development of DSGE models is not overly difficult to understand, practical application remains somewhat complex. The literature on this subject has some significant obscure points. This book can be thought of, firstly, as a tool to overcome initial hurdles with this type of modeling. Secondly, by showcasing concrete applications, it aims to persuade incipient researchers to work with this methodology. In principle, this is not a book on macroeconomics in itself, but on tools used in the construction of this sort of models. It strives to present this technique in a detail

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: International Order At Sea : What It Is. How It Is Challenged, How It Is Maintained / Jo Inge Bekkevold and Geoffrey Till -- Challenges to Public Order and the Law of the Sea / Mark E. Rosen -- Global Power Shift, Geography, and Maritime East Asia / Øystein Tunsjø -- China's Naval Modernization, Strategies, and Capabilities / Andrew S. Erickson -- Maritime Security and Order at Sea in the Indian Ocean Region / Sarabjeet Singh Parmar -- NATO and the Maritime Domain / Jo G. Gade and Paal Sigurd Hilde -- Maritime Security and International Order at Sea in the Arctic Ocean / Katarzyna Zysk -- The Changing Dynamics of Seapower and Concepts of Battle / Geoffrey Till -- The Maritime Strategies of the United States after the Cold War / Bernard D. Cole -- Maritime Security Cooperation in the South China Sea / Chu Hao and Chen Quinghong -- A Question of Balance : Warfighting and Naval Operations Other Than War / Jo Inge Bekkevold and Ian Bowers -- Managing Maritime Affairs : The Contribution of Maritime Security Forces / Sam Bateman -- The Role of Coast Guards in Conflict Management : The Norwegian Experience / Arild-Inge Skram and Jo G. Gade -- Conclusion : International Order at Sea in the Twenty-First Century / Jo Inge Bekkevold and Geoffrey Till

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Dieser Band enthält Beiträge zur Geologie des Harzes und seines Umfeldes, die anlässlich des 5. Workshops Harzgeologie am Geowissenschaftlichen Zentrum der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen vorgestellt wurden. Der Band umfasst die Kurzfassungen der Vorträge und Poster und den Exkursionsführer zu dieser zweitägigen Veranstaltung.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: "Over the last few years the Arctic has become a region of growing interest to the international community. Major environmental, economic, social, and security issues are all in evidence within its borders today. Many feel that there is an urgent need to establish an effective governance structure for the area. The Arctic Council has offered a basic forum for circumpolar consultation and cooperation over the past two decades. However, it has not been an easy undertaking and the organization has had to wrestle with a series of internal and external impediments that have hindered its forward progress. This volume explores the efforts of Sweden, a recent Chair of the Arctic Council, to build an enhanced framework for consensus-building and governance within the circumpolar region. It examines its efforts to provide focused leadership for the Arctic Council and to advance the environmental protection and sustainable development missions of the organization. It considers the various means by which Sweden utilized its position as chair of the Arctic Council to promote its program for action in both these areas. It also explores how this leadership position enabled it to foster necessary organizational reform within the body. The book gives new insight into how both the formal and informal 'powers of the chair' can be utilized to facilitate institutional growth and change. It also provides new and useful understanding of how a small country like Sweden can harness key elements of 'soft power' to advance its foreign policy objectives in the Arctic. The author closely followed the undertakings of the Swedish Chairmanship team over its two years at the helm of this emerging Arctic international organization. He witnessed its several successes and a few of its disappointments. The volume offers a behind the scene view of the challenges and opportunities faced by contemporary diplomats as they pursue their efforts at international organization"--

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Foreword -- part 1. Introduction -- Magnetic fields at largest universal strengths : overview -- Physics in very strong magnetic fields : an introduction -- part 2. Magnetic fields in stars -- Observations of strong magnetic fields in nondegenerate stars -- Magnetic field generation in stars -- Magnetic white dwarfs -- part 3. Neutron stars -- Neutron stars : thermal emitters -- Radio pulsars -- Neutron stars : cooling and transport -- Magnetic fields of neutron stars in X-ray binaries -- Magnetars : properties, origin, and evolution -- part 4. Accretion, winds, jets -- Accretion and outflows from magnetized stars -- Pulsar wind nebulae -- Disks and jets : gravity, rotation, and magnetic fields -- part 5. Physical processes -- gamma ray bursts as sources of strong magnetic fields -- Relativistic shocks, particle acceleration, and magnetization -- Relativistic magnetic reconnection and Its astrophysical applications

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Should the idea of economic man-the amoral and self-interested Homo economicus-determine how we expect people to respond to monetary rewards, punishments, and other incentives? Samuel Bowles answers with a resounding "no." Policies that follow from this paradigm, he shows, may "crowd out" ethical and generous motives and thus backfire. But incentives per se are not really the culprit. Bowles shows that crowding out occurs when the message conveyed by fines and rewards is that self-interest is expected, that the employer thinks the workforce is lazy, or that the citizen cannot otherwise be trusted to contribute to the public good. Using historical and recent case studies as well as behavioral experiments, Bowles shows how well-designed incentives can crowd in the civic motives on which good governance depends

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Widespread landscape changes are presently observed in the Arctic and are most likely to accelerate in the future, in particular in permafrost regions which are sensitive to climate warming. To assess current and future developments, it is crucial to understand past environmental dynamics in these landscapes. Causes and interactions of environmental variability can hardly be resolved by instrumental records covering modern time scales. However, long-term environmental variability is recorded in paleoenvironmental archives. Lake sediments are important archives that allow reconstruction of local limnogeological processes as well as past environmental changes driven directly or indirectly by climate dynamics. This study aims at reconstructing Late Quaternary permafrost and thermokarst dynamics in central-eastern Beringia, the terrestrial land mass connecting Eurasia and North America during glacial sea-level low stands. In order to investigate development, processes and influence of thermokarst dynamics, several sediment cores from extant lakes and drained lake basins were analyzed to answer the following research questions: 1. When did permafrost degradation and thermokarst lake development take place and what were enhancing and inhibiting environmental factors? 2. What are the dominant processes during thermokarst lake development and how are they reflected in proxy records? 3. How did, and still do, thermokarst dynamics contribute to the inventory and properties of organic matter in sediments and the carbon cycle? Methods applied in this study are based upon a multi-proxy approach combining sedimentological, geochemical, geochronological, and micropaleontological analyses, as well as analyses of stable isotopes and hydrochemistry of pore-water and ice. Modern field observations of water quality and basin morphometrics complete the environmental investigations. The investigated sediment cores reveal permafrost degradation and thermokarst dynamics on different time scales. The analysis of a sediment core from GG basin on the northern Seward Peninsula (Alaska) shows prevalent terrestrial accumulation of yedoma throughout the Early to Mid Wisconsin with intermediate wet conditions at around 44.5 to 41.5 ka BP. This first wetland development was terminated by the accumulation of a 1-meter-thick airfall tephra most likely originating from the South Killeak Maar eruption at 42 ka BP. A depositional hiatus between 22.5 and 0.23 ka BP may indicate thermokarst lake formation in the surrounding of the site which forms a yedoma upland till today. The thermokarst lake forming GG basin initiated 230 ± 30 cal a BP and drained in Spring 2005 AD. Four years after drainage the lake talik was still unfrozen below 268 cm depth. A permafrost core from Mama Rhonda basin on the northern Seward Peninsula preserved a full lacustrine record including several lake phases. The first lake generation developed at 11.8 cal ka BP during the Lateglacial-Early Holocene transition; its old basin (Grandma Rhonda) is still partially preserved at the southern margin of the study basin. Around 9.0 cal ka BP a shallow and more dynamic thermokarst lake developed with actively eroding shorelines and potentially intermediate shallow water or wetland phases (Mama Rhonda). Mama Rhonda lake drainage at 1.1 cal ka BP was followed by gradual accumulation of terrestrial peat and top-down refreezing of the lake talik. A significant lower organic carbon content was measured in Grandma Rhonda deposits (mean TOC of 2.5 wt%) than in Mama Rhonda deposits (mean TOC of 7.9 wt%) highlighting the impact of thermokarst dynamics on biogeochemical cycling in different lake generations by thawing and mobilization of organic carbon into the lake system. Proximal and distal sediment cores from Peatball Lake on the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska revealed young thermokarst dynamics since about 1,400 years along a depositional gradient based on reconstructions from shoreline expansion rates and absolute dating results. After its initiation as a remnant pond of a previous drained lake basin, a rapidly deepening lake with increasing oxygenation of the water column is evident from laminated sediments, and higher Fe/Ti and Fe/S ratios in the sediment. The sediment record archived characterizing shifts in depositional regimes and sediment sources from upland deposits and re-deposited sediments from drained thaw lake basins depending on the gradually changing shoreline configuration. These changes are evident from alternating organic inputs into the lake system which highlights the potential for thermokarst lakes to recycle old carbon from degrading permafrost deposits of its catchment. The lake sediment record from Herschel Island in the Yukon (Canada) covers the full Holocene period. After its initiation as a thermokarst lake at 11.7 cal ka BP and intense thermokarst activity until 10.0 cal ka BP, the steady sedimentation was interrupted by a depositional hiatus at 1.6 cal ka BP which likely resulted from lake drainage or allochthonous slumping due to collapsing shore lines. The specific setting of the lake on a push moraine composed of marine deposits is reflected in the sedimentary record. Freshening of the maturing lake is indicated by decreasing electrical conductivity in pore-water. Alternation of marine to freshwater ostracods and foraminifera confirms decreasing salinity as well but also reflects episodical re-deposition of allochthonous marine sediments. Based on permafrost and lacustrine sediment records, this thesis shows examples of the Late Quaternary evolution of typical Arctic permafrost landscapes in central-eastern Beringia and the complex interaction of local disturbance processes, regional environmental dynamics and global climate patterns. This study confirms that thermokarst lakes are important agents of organic matter recycling in complex and continuously changing landscapes.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: From the Contents: Material and Immaterial Cultural Transformation -- A Social Contract for Sustainability -- The Climate Paradox: Policy Declarations and Lack of Implementation; The G-20: Security & Peace Impacts -- Persistence and Transformation of Mindsets: The Canadian Case -- Theories of Transitions to Sustainable Development: Approach of the Dutch Knowledge network of Systems Innovation

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: In this book 60 authors from many disciplines and from 18 countries on five continents examine in ten parts: Moving towards Sustainability Transition; Aiming at Sustainable Peace; Meeting Challenges of the 21st Century: Demographic Imbalances, Temperature Rise and the Climate-Conflict Nexus; Initiating Research on Global Environmental Change, Limits to Growth, Decoupling of Growth and Resource Needs; Developing Theoretical Approaches on Sustainability and Transitions; Analysing National Debates on Sustainability in North America; Preparing Transitions towards a Sustainable Economy and Society, Production and Consumption and Urbanization; Examining Sustainability Transitions in the Water, Food and Health Sectors from Latin American and European Perspectives; Preparing Sustainability Transitions in the Energy Sector; and Relying on Transnational, International, Regional and National Governance for Strategies and Policies Towards Sustainability Transition. This volume is based on workshops held in Mexico (2012) and in the US (2013), on a winter school at Chulalongkorn University, Thailand (2013), and on commissioned chapters. The workshop in Mexico and the publication were supported by two grants by the German Foundation for Peace Research (DSF). All texts in this book were peer-reviewed by scholars from all parts of the world

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Part I Lincei session -- Opening remarks for the 2013 Hotine-Marussi symposium -- Fernado Sansò laudation -- Global Reference Systems: Theory and open questions -- Part II Geodetic data analysis -- Noise analysis of continuous GPS time series of selected EPN stations to investigate variations in stability of monument types -- Improvement of Least-Squares Collocation error estimates using local GOCE Tzz signal standard deviations -- Multivariate Integer Cycle-Slip Resolution: A Single-Channel Analysis -- Theory of Earth Rotation Variations -- Variable seasonal and subseasonal oscillations in sea level anomaly data and their impact on prediction accuracy -- Permanent GPS networks in Italy: analysis of time series noise -- VADASE: state of the art and new developments of a third way to GNSS Seismology -- On the spatial resolution of homogeneous isotropic filters on the sphere -- On time-variable seasonal signals: comparison of SSA and Kalman filtering based approach -- Extensive analysis of IGS REPRO1 coordinate time series -- Part III Geopotential modeling, boundary value problems and height systems -- Determination of W0 from the GOCE measurements using the method of fundamental solutions -- Combination of GOCE gravity gradients in regional gravity field modelling using radial basis functions -- Rosborough representation in satellite gravimetry -- Combining Different Types of Gravity Observations in Regional Gravity Modeling in Spherical Radial Basis Functions -- Height Datum Unification by Means of the GBVP Approach Using Tide Gauges -- Computation of Zenith Total Delay Correction Fields using Ground-Based GNSS -- Rigorous interpolation of atmospheric state parameters for ray-traced tropospheric delays -- Comparison of different techniques for tropospheric wet delay retrieval over South America and surrounding oceans -- Part V Gravity field mapping methodology from GRACE and future gravity missions -- The role of position information for the analysis of K-Band data - experiences from GRACE and GOCE for GRAIL gravity field recovery -- Gravity field mapping from GRACE: different approaches - same results? -- The effect of pseudo-stochastic orbit parameters on GRACE monthly gravity fields - insights from lumped coefficients -- On an iterative approach to solving the nonlinear satellite-fixed geodetic boundary-value problem -- An OpenCL implementation of ellipsoidal harmonics -- A remark on the computation of the gravitational potential of masses with linearly varying density -- The observation equation of spirit leveling in Molodensky’s context -- Reference station weighting and frame optimality in minimally constrained networks -- Atmospheric loading and mass variation effects on the SLR-defined geocenter -- Part VIII Digital Terrain Modeling, Synthetic Aperture Radar and new sensors: theory and methods -- Radargrammetric Digital Surface Models Generation from High Resolution Satellite SAR Imagery: Methodology and Case Studies -- Principles and applications of polarimetric SAR tomography for the characterization of complex environments -- Merging local DTMs: methodological problems and practical solutions on heli-dem case study -- Part IX Inverse modeling, estimation theory -- Single-Epoch GNSS Array Integrity: an Analytical Study -- Global to local Moho estimate based on GOCE geopotential model and local gravity data -- An overview of adjustment methods for mixed additive and multiplicative random error models -- Cycle slip detection and correction for heading determination with low-cost GPS/ INS receivers -- Adjusting the errors-in-variables model: linearized least-squares vs. nonlinear total least-squares -- Multivariate GNSS Attitude Integrity: the Role of Affine Constraints -- Integrating geological prior information into the inverse gravimetric problem: the Bayesian approach -- Effects of Different Objective Functions in Inequality Constrained and Rank-Deficient Least-Squares Problems

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This volume contains the proceedings of the VIII Hotine-Marussi Symposium on Mathematical Geodesy, which was held June 17 to 21, 2013, in Rome, Italy. Since 2006 the series of Hotine-Marussi Symposia is under the responsibility of the InterCommission Committee on Theory (ICCT), a cross-commission entity within the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). The overall goal of the Hotine-Marussi Symposia has always been the advancement of theoretical geodesy. The 39 papers in these proceedings areindeed testimony to the width and vibrancy of theoretical geodesy. The Symposium was organized in 8 topical sessions reflecting all branches of geodesy: from geodetic data analysis through potential field modeling to estimation theory. Also theoretical aspects of reference frames and of novel sensors were covered. During a special session at the AccademiaNazionaledeiLinceiFernando Sansò was put into the spotlight in order to acknowledge his long-term commitment and dedication as the driving force behind the series of Hotine-Marussi Symposia over the past decades

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: GNSS, multipath, gain pattern, Jones vector, signal power. - Mehrwegeffekte, Antennengewinndiagramm, Jones Vektor, Signalstärke

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Limnology, History and Comparative Legends -- 1: Pavin, the Birthplace of French Limnology (1770-2012), and Its Degassing Controversy (1986-2016) -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Analysis of Pavin Actors, History and Perception Through an Interdisciplinary and Intercomparative Approach -- 1.3 Pavin, a Typical Maar-Lake Above any Contamination Source -- 1.3.1 Pavin General Features -- 1.3.2 Pavin Compared to Other Lakes of the Cézallier Lake District -- 1.3.3 Pavin Compared to Other European Maar-Lakes -- 1.3.3.1 Eifel Lakes

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1.3.3.2 Italian Lakes -- 1.4 Pavin Scientific Exploration (1770-1985) -- 1.4.1 Chevalier's Expedition (1770) -- 1.4.2 Lecoq, the Great Auvergne Naturalist, Normalizes Pavin… with Fishes (1847-1871) -- 1.4.3 The First Golden Age of Science at Pavin: Berthoule, Delebecque, Martel, Bruyant (1880-1914) -- 1.4.3.1 Clermont Botanists and Zoologists Establish the Limnological Station at Besse -- 1.4.3.2 André Delebecque at Pavin (1892) -- 1.4.3.3 Edouard-Alfred Martel at Creux de Soucy (1892) -- 1.4.4 Pavin Meromixis Discovery by Olivier and Pelletier (1950-1960s)

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1.5 Pavin Acquires a Status of International Field Laboratory (1965-2000) -- 1.5.1 International Projects Select Pavin as a Pristine Lake (1965-1975) -- 1.5.2 Pavin, a Laboratory for Innovative Lake Research (1965-1986) -- 1.6 Maar Lakes Degassing Evidence in Cameroun and Italy -- 1.6.1 Nyos (21 August 1986) and Monoun (15 August 1984) Degassing Events and Their Effects on Populations -- 1.6.2 Ancient Degassing Events in Italian Maar-Lakes, Albano and Monticchio -- 1.6.2.1 The Albano Catastrophic Degassing and Spillover Event in Latium (398 BC)

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1.6.2.2 Monticchio Lakes (Southern Italy) and Their Pioneer Degassing Studies, 1777-1838 -- 1.7 Sensory Grid of Degassing in Maar-Lakes -- 1.8 Pavin Degassing Controversy (1986-2016) -- 1.9 Conclusions -- References -- 2: Pavin, A Rich but Fragmented History (200 AD-2016) -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Finding Pavin Puzzle Pieces -- 2.3 Pavin's History Highlights -- 2.3.1 Antiquity: A Pompeian Millstone Retrieved from Pavin Waters in 1909 -- 2.3.2 Early Antique and Medieval Worship Near Pavin, on the Vassivière Mountain

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 2.3.3 Lacus pavens Terrifies the Whole Region Throughout the Sixteenth Century -- 2.3.3.1 The Terrible Explosion Witnessed at Vassivière by Besse People (28 August 1551 Pavin Event) -- 2.3.3.2 A Hazardous Abyss, Generating Storm, Thunder and Hail, Presented to Charles IX (1566) -- 2.3.3.3 Pavin Painted on the First Realistic Landscape Picture in France (1571-1579) -- 2.3.3.4 Pavin Marvelous Response to a Thrown Stone in Belleforest's Cosmographia Universalis (1575) -- 2.3.3.5 Lacus pavens, the Terrifying Lake, Is the Original Pavin Name (Banc 1605)

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 2.3.4 The Admirable and Terrifying Pavens Gets Famous During the Seventeenth Century

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front matter -- Copyright -- Contents -- Figures -- Tables -- Contributors -- 1. They've 'never had it so good': the rise and rise of the super-rich and wealth inequality -- 2. Reconsidering the super-rich: variations, structural conditions and urban consequences -- PART I WEALTH, SELF AND SOCIETY -- 3. Historical geographies of wealth: opportunities, institutions and accumulation, c. 1800-1930 -- 4. On plutonomy: economy, power and the wealthy few in the second Gilded Age -- 5. Interrogating the legitimacy of extreme wealth: a moral economic perspective

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 6. Billionaire philanthropy: 'decaf capitalism' -- 7. Making money and making a self: the moral career of entrepreneurs -- 8. Taking up Caletrío's challenge: silence and the construction of wealth eliteness in Jamie Johnson's documentary film Born Rich -- 9. 'One time I'ma show you how to get rich!' Rap music, wealth and the rise of the hip-hop mogul -- 10. Biographies of illicit super-wealth -- PART II LIVING WEALTHY -- 11. Capital city? London's housing markets and the 'super-rich' -- 12. The residential spaces of the super-rich

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 13. Reconfiguring places - wealth and the transformation of rural areas -- 14. Performing wealth and status: observing super-yachts and the super-rich in Monaco -- 15. Flights of indulgence (or how the very wealthy fly): the aeromobile patterns and practices of the super-rich -- 16. Looking at luxury: consuming luxury fashion in global cities -- 17. The luxury of nature: the environmental consequences of super-rich lives -- PART III WEALTH AND POWER -- 18. Attracting wealth: crafting immigration policy to attract the rich -- 19. Sovereign wealth and the nation-state

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 20. Super-rich capitalism: managing and preserving private wealth management in the offshore world -- 21. Troubling tax havens: multi-jurisdictional arbitrage and corporate tax footprint reduction -- 22. No change there! Wealth and oil -- Index

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Fewer than 100 people own and control more wealth than 50 per cent of the world's population. The Handbook on Wealth and the Super-Rich is a unique examination of both the lives and lifestyles of the super-rich, as well as the processes that underpin super-wealth generation and its unequal distribution. Drawing on a multiplicity of international examples, leading experts from across the social sciences offer a landmark multidisciplinary contribution to emerging analyses of the global super-rich and their astonishing wealth. The book's 22 accessible and coherently organised chapters cover a ran

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This book considers a relatively new metric in complex systems, transfer entropy, derived from a series of measurements, usually a time series. After a qualitative introduction and a chapter that explains the key ideas from statistics required to understand the text, the authors then present information theory and transfer entropy in depth. A key feature of the approach is the authors' work to show the relationship between information flow and complexity. The later chapters demonstrate information transfer in canonical systems, and applications, for example in neuroscience and in finance. The book will be of value to advanced undergraduate and graduate students and researchers in the areas of computer science, neuroscience, physics, and engineering

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The power of technology? -- Risk and responsibility? -- The ethical anatomy of disasters? -- Remaking nature? -- Tinkering with humans? -- Information's wild frontiers? -- Whose knowledge, whose property? -- Reclaiming the future? -- The ethics of invention?

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: In times of climate change and public debt, a concern for intergenerational justice should lead us to have a closer look at theories of intergenerational justice. It should also press us to provide institutional design proposals to change the decision-making world that surrounds us. This book provides an exhaustive overview of the most important institutional proposals as well as a systematic and theoretical discussion of their respective features and advantages. It focuses on institutional proposals aimed at taking the interests of future generations more seriously, and does so from the perspective of applied political philosophy, being explicit about the underlying normative choices and the latest developments in the social sciences. It provides citizens, activists, firms, charities, public authorities, policy-analysts, students, and academics with the body of knowledge necessary to understand what our institutional options are and what they entail if we are concerned about today's excessive short-termism

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: These proceedings contain a selection of peer-reviewed papers presented at the International Symposium on Geodesy for Earthquake and Natural Hazards (GENAH), Matsushima, Japan, 22-26 July, 2014. The scientific sessions focused on monitoring temporal and spatial changes in Earth's lithosphere and atmosphere using geodetic satellite systems, high rate GNSS as well as high resolution imaging (InSAR, Lidar). Researchers in various fields of geodesy discussed the role of geodesy in disaster mitigation and how groups with different techniques can collaborate toward such a goal.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Part 1 - Gravimetry and gravity networks -- Quality assessment of the new gravity control in Poland - first estimate -- Estimability in Strapdown Airborne Vector Gravimetr -- A First Traceable Gravimetric Calibration Line in the Swiss Alps -- Airborne gravimetry for geoid and GOCE -- Testing airborne gravity data in the large-scale area of Italy and adjacent seas -- The effect of helium emissions by a superconducting gravimeter on the rubidium frequency standards of absolute gravimeters -- Part 2 - Global geopotential models and vertical datum unification -- Wavelet multi-resolution analysis of recent GOCE/GRACE GGMs -- Evaluation of GOCE-based Global Geopotential Models Versus EGM2008 and GPS/Levelling Data in Northwest of Turkey -- Precise modelling of the static gravity field from the GOCE data using the method of fundamental solutions -- Towards a Vertical Reference Frame for South America in view of the GGOS specifications Andrea Galudht Santacruz Jaramillo, Sílvio Rogério Correia De Freitas, Laura Sánchez -- Ellipsoidal effects in high accuracy quasigeoid computations: verification of the apparatus Otakar Nesvadba, Petr Holota -- Evaluation of GOCE/GRACE GGMs over Attica and Thessaloniki, Greece, and Wo determination for height system unification -- The DTU13 MSS (Mean Sea Surface) and MDT (Mean Dynamic Topography) from 20 years of satellite altimetry -- Part 3 - Local geoid/gravity modeling -- A new gravimetric geoid model for the area of Sudan using the least squares collocation and a GOCE-based GGM -- Establishment of the Gravity Database AFRGDB V1.0 for the African Geoid -- Quasi-geoid model in the State of São Paulo -- Accurate Approximation of Vertical Gravity Gradient within the Earth’s External Gravity Field -- New geoid of Greenland, A case study of terrain and ice effects, GOCE and use of local sea level data -- Egyptian Geoid using Best Estimated Response of the Earth's Crust due to Topographic Loads -- Part 4 - Mass movements in the Earth system -- An investigation on the closure of the water budget methods over Volta Basin using multi-satellite data -- Application of Independent Component Analysis in GRACE- derived Water Storage Changes Interpretation, A case study of the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas -- Mass variations in the Siberian permafrost region based on new GRACE results and auxiliary modeling -- Part 5 - Solid Earth Investigations -- Comparative study of the uniform and variable Moho density contrast in the Vening Meinesz-Moritz’s isostatic scheme for the gravimetric Moho recovery -- The New Method To Find The Anomalous Internal Structure Of Terrestrial Planets And Its Test On The Earth

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This volume contains the proceedings of 24 peer-reviewed papers presented at the 3rd International Gravity Field Service (IGFS) General Assembly, which was organized by the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS), Commission 2 of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), and Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (SHAO), Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Assembly was successfully held in Shanghai, China from June 30th to July 6th, 2014 with over 130 participants from 25 countries. The focus of the Assembly is on methods for observing, estimating and interpreting the Earth gravity field as well as its applications, including 6 sessions: gravimetry and gravity networks, global geopotential models and vertical datum unification, local geoid/gravity modelling, satellite gravimetry, mass movements in the Earth system and solid Earth investigations

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front Cover -- ADDRESSES/INSTITUTIONS -- A Concise Geologic Time Scale -- A Concise Geologic Time Scale -- Copyright -- CONTENTS -- 1 - Introduction -- Geologic time scale and this book -- International divisions of geologic time and their global boundaries (GSSPs) -- Biologic, chemical, sea-level, geomagnetic, and other events or zones -- Assigned numerical ages -- Time Scale Creator database and chart-making package -- Geologic Time Scale 2020 -- Selected publications and websites -- 2 - PLANETARY TIME SCALE -- Introduction -- The Moon -- Mars -- Mercury -- Venus

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Other solar system bodies -- Selected publications and websites -- 3 - Precambrian -- Status of international subdivisions -- Summary of Precambrian trends and events, and a potential revised time scale -- Hadean -- Archean -- Proterozoic -- Acknowledgments -- Selected publications and websites -- 4 - Cryogenian and Ediacaran -- Basal definitions and status of international subdivisions -- Cryogenian -- Selected main stratigraphic scales and events -- (1) Stable-isotope stratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and selected events -- (2) Biostratigraphy and major trends -- Numerical age model

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: GTS2012 age model and potential future enhancements -- Revised ages compared to GTS2012 -- Acknowledgments -- Selected publications and websites -- 5 - CAMBRIAN -- Basal definition and status of international subdivisions -- Terreneuvian series -- Series 2 -- Series 3 -- Furongian series -- Selected main stratigraphic scales and events -- (1) Biostratigraphy and major trends -- (2) Stable-isotope stratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and selected events -- Numerical age model -- GTS2012 age model and potential future enhancements -- Revised ages compared to GTS2012

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Estimated uncertainties on assigned ages on stage boundaries -- Acknowledgments -- Selected publications and websites -- 6 - ORDOVICIAN -- Basal definition and international subdivisions -- Selected main stratigraphic scales and events -- (1) Biostratigraphy and major trends -- (2) Stable-isotope stratigraphy and selected events -- Numerical age model -- GTS2012 age model and potential future enhancements -- Estimated uncertainties on assigned ages on stage boundaries -- Acknowledgments -- Selected publications and websites -- 7 - SILURIAN -- Basal definition and international subdivisions

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Selected main stratigraphic scales and events -- (1) Biostratigraphy (marine -- terrestrial) -- (2) Stable-isotope stratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and selected events -- Numerical age model -- GTS2012 age model and potential future enhancements -- Estimated uncertainties on assigned ages on stage boundaries -- Acknowledgments -- Selected publications and websites -- 8 - DEVONIAN -- Basal definition and international subdivisions -- Selected main stratigraphic scales and events -- Biostratigraphy (marine -- terrestrial) -- Magnetostratigraphy -- Stable-isotope stratigraphy and selected events

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Numerical age model

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This book provides a balanced and up-to-date overview of the multidimensional change taking place in the Arctic regions. Against this background, the role of the European Union regarding Arctic developments is considered, including the ongoing process of formulating an umbrella EU Arctic policy. In particular, the themes of climate change, maritime transport, fisheries, offshore oil and gas extraction, mining, land use and sociocultural change are discussed. The book comprises primarily an updated and expanded version of the report 'Strategic Assessment of Development of the Arctic: An assessment conducted for the European Union', produced for the European Commission. The report was to a great extent based on the interaction with Arctic stakeholders

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: As the shale revolution continues in North America, unconventional resource markets are emerging on every continent. In the next eight to ten years, more than 100,000 wells and one- to two-million hydraulic fracturing stages could be executed, resulting in close to one trillion dollars in industry spending. This growth has prompted professionals experienced in conventional oil and gas exploitation and development to acquire practical knowledge of the unconventional realm. Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources: Exploitation and Development provides a comprehensive understanding of the latest advances in the exploitation and development of unconventional resources. With an emphasis on shale, this book: Addresses all aspects of the exploitation and development process, from data mining and accounting to drilling, completion, stimulation, production, and environmental issues. Offers in-depth coverage of sub-surface measurements (geological, geophysical, petrophysical, geochemical, and geomechanical) and their interpretation. Discusses the use of microseismic, fiber optic, and tracer reservoir monitoring technologies and JewelSuite™ reservoir modeling software. Presents the viewpoints of internationally respected experts and researchers from leading exploration and production (E&P) companies and academic institutions

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This edited volume emphasizes risk and crisis communication principles and practices within the up-to the minute context of new technologies, a new focus on resiliency, and global environmental change. It includes contributions from experts from around the globe whose research, advocacy, teaching, work, or service in the natural or social sciences deals with risk communication and/or management surrounding natural and technological disasters, with a particular focus on climate change-related phenomena. Resilience and good communication are intimately linked and with climate change precipitating more numerous and onerous weather-related catastrophes, a conversation on resilience is timely and necessary. The goal is robust communities that are able to withstand the shock of disaster. Communicating well under ordinary circumstances is challenging; communicating during a crisis is extraordinarily difficult. This book is dedicated to all those who have directly or indirectly suffered the effects of climate change end extreme events with the hope that the advance of knowledge, implementation of sound science and appropriate policies, and use of effective communication will help in reducing their vulnerability while also improving resilience in the face of often devastating natural and technological disasters