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  • 1
    Call number: M 16.90275
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Limnology, History and Comparative Legends -- 1: Pavin, the Birthplace of French Limnology (1770-2012), and Its Degassing Controversy (1986-2016) -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Analysis of Pavin Actors, History and Perception Through an Interdisciplinary and Intercomparative Approach -- 1.3 Pavin, a Typical Maar-Lake Above any Contamination Source -- 1.3.1 Pavin General Features -- 1.3.2 Pavin Compared to Other Lakes of the Cézallier Lake District -- 1.3.3 Pavin Compared to Other European Maar-Lakes -- 1.3.3.1 Eifel Lakes
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.3.3.2 Italian Lakes -- 1.4 Pavin Scientific Exploration (1770-1985) -- 1.4.1 Chevalier's Expedition (1770) -- 1.4.2 Lecoq, the Great Auvergne Naturalist, Normalizes Pavin… with Fishes (1847-1871) -- 1.4.3 The First Golden Age of Science at Pavin: Berthoule, Delebecque, Martel, Bruyant (1880-1914) -- 1.4.3.1 Clermont Botanists and Zoologists Establish the Limnological Station at Besse -- 1.4.3.2 André Delebecque at Pavin (1892) -- 1.4.3.3 Edouard-Alfred Martel at Creux de Soucy (1892) -- 1.4.4 Pavin Meromixis Discovery by Olivier and Pelletier (1950-1960s)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.5 Pavin Acquires a Status of International Field Laboratory (1965-2000) -- 1.5.1 International Projects Select Pavin as a Pristine Lake (1965-1975) -- 1.5.2 Pavin, a Laboratory for Innovative Lake Research (1965-1986) -- 1.6 Maar Lakes Degassing Evidence in Cameroun and Italy -- 1.6.1 Nyos (21 August 1986) and Monoun (15 August 1984) Degassing Events and Their Effects on Populations -- 1.6.2 Ancient Degassing Events in Italian Maar-Lakes, Albano and Monticchio -- 1.6.2.1 The Albano Catastrophic Degassing and Spillover Event in Latium (398 BC)
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.6.2.2 Monticchio Lakes (Southern Italy) and Their Pioneer Degassing Studies, 1777-1838 -- 1.7 Sensory Grid of Degassing in Maar-Lakes -- 1.8 Pavin Degassing Controversy (1986-2016) -- 1.9 Conclusions -- References -- 2: Pavin, A Rich but Fragmented History (200 AD-2016) -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Finding Pavin Puzzle Pieces -- 2.3 Pavin's History Highlights -- 2.3.1 Antiquity: A Pompeian Millstone Retrieved from Pavin Waters in 1909 -- 2.3.2 Early Antique and Medieval Worship Near Pavin, on the Vassivière Mountain
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.3 Lacus pavens Terrifies the Whole Region Throughout the Sixteenth Century -- 2.3.3.1 The Terrible Explosion Witnessed at Vassivière by Besse People (28 August 1551 Pavin Event) -- 2.3.3.2 A Hazardous Abyss, Generating Storm, Thunder and Hail, Presented to Charles IX (1566) -- 2.3.3.3 Pavin Painted on the First Realistic Landscape Picture in France (1571-1579) -- 2.3.3.4 Pavin Marvelous Response to a Thrown Stone in Belleforest's Cosmographia Universalis (1575) -- 2.3.3.5 Lacus pavens, the Terrifying Lake, Is the Original Pavin Name (Banc 1605)
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.4 The Admirable and Terrifying Pavens Gets Famous During the Seventeenth Century
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XV, 421 S.
    ISBN: 9783319399607
    Classification:
    Historical Geology
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Magma ascent during silicic dome-forming eruptions is characterized by significant changes in magma viscosity, permeability, and gas overpressure in the conduit. These changes depend on a set of parameters such as ascent rate, outgassing and crystallization efficiency, and magma viscosity, which in turn may influence the prevailing conditions for effusive versus explosive activity. Here, we combine chemical and textural analyses of tephra with viscosity models to provide a better understanding of the effusive-explosive transitions during Vulcanian phases of the 9.4 ka eruption of Kilian Volcano, Chaîne des Puys, France. Our results suggest that effusive activity at the onset of Vulcanian episodes at Kilian Volcano was promoted by (i) rapid ascent of initially crystal-poor and volatile-rich trachytic magma, (ii) a substantial bulk and melt viscosity increase driven by extensive volatile loss and crystallization, and (iii) efficient degassing/outgassing in a crystal-rich magma at shallow depths. Trachytic magma repeatedly replenished the upper conduit, and variations in the amount of decompression and cooling caused vertical textural stratification, leading to variable degrees of crystallization and outgassing. Outgassing promoted effusive dome growth and occurred via gas percolation through large interconnected vesicles, fractures, and tuffisite veins, fostering the formation of cristobalite in the carapace and talus regions. Build-up of overpressure was likely caused by closing of pore space (bubbles and fractures) in the dome through a combination of pore collapse, cristobalite formation, sintering in tuffisite veins, and limited pre-fragmentation coalescence in the dome or underlying hot vesicular magma. Sealing of the carapace may have caused a transition from open- to closed- system degassing and to renewed explosive activity. We generalize our findings to propose that the broad spectrum of eruptive styles for trachytic magmas may be inherited from a combination of characteristics of trachytic melts that include high water solubility and diffusivity, rapid microlite growth, and low melt viscosity compared to their more evolved subalkaline dacitic and rhyolitic equivalents. We show that trachytes may erupt with a similar style (e.g., Vulcanian) but at significantly higher ascent rates than their andesitic, dacitic, and rhyolitic counterparts. This suggests that the periodicity of effusive-explosive transitions at trachytic volcanoes may differ from that observed at the well-monitored andesitic, dacitic, and rhyolitic volcanoes, which has implications for hazard assessment associated with trachytic eruptions.
    Description: ERC ADV 2018
    Keywords: ddc:550.724 ; Effusive-explosive transitions ; Trachytic magma ; Vulcanian eruption ; Magma Viscosity ; Crystallization ; Degassing ; Nanolites ; Cristobalite
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 102 (1989), S. 406-421 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract One atmosphere liquid-present experiments were carried out in the CMAS system using an ordinary quench furnace apparatus. The runs, including reversal and duplicate experiments, describe the univariant curve l=fo+an+ di between the invariant points Q: l+fo+an=di+sp and F: l+fo=an+di+oen, located respectively at 1245±1° C and 1244±1° C. The thermal divide on this curve M3: l= fo+an+di is located at 1275±1° C and plots well within the silica-saturated field, in agreement with Longhi's (1987) experiments. Along the univariant curve l=fo+an+di, liquid composition evolves away from the thermal divide either toward invariant points Q or F and pierces the silica saturation plane, i.e., the join Di-An-En, in the silica saturated field. In this compositional range, the Al solubility in clinopyroxene changes drastically from one side of the thermal divide to the other, with great increase of Al solubility in the silica-undersaturated field. Four endmembers must be used to describe the complex solid solution of anorthite: CaAl2Si2O8, CaMgSi3O8, MgAl2Si2O8 and [] Si4O8. The last two of these are present only within the silica-saturated field. Unlike clinopyroxene, the Mg content of anorthite is insensitive to the thermal barrier but is only sensitive to silica-saturation plane. Olivine composition can be described by a binary solid solution of forsterite and monticellite with no Ca in the M2 site. As with anorthite, olivine compositions exhibit a marked change with crossing of the silica-saturation plane. The above features imply that the solubility of minor elements in crystalline phases (Al in clinopyroxene, Ca in olivine and Mg in anorthite) selectively respond to only one or another of these particular plane. Results have many important consequences. One is the likelihood of changes in melt speciation depending on position with respect to the thermal divide and the silica-saturation plane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 31 (1976), S. 35-45 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Anti human M2 type and anti human L type pyruvate kinase sera allowed us to distinguish two groups of pyruvate kinase in man. Erythrocyte and liver (L type) enzymes on the one hand were inhibited by anti L and not at all by anti M2 serum; pyruvate kinase from all the other tissues on the other hand were inhibited by anti M2 and not at all by anti L serum. This latter group represent the M type pyruvate kinase isozymes. The M type isozymes have been studied by electrofocusing in thin layer acrylamideampholine gel. In adult tissues 4 types of isozymes were found, designated, from acid to alkaline pH, as M2 (predominant form in spleen, leukocytes, lung...), M3, M4 and M1 (predominant form in muscle and brain). In foetal tissues an extra band M2, called M2f, more anodic than M2, was added to the previously described isozymes. Except in brain (in which the isozymes M2, M3, M4 and M1 were found), the most anodic bands (M2f, M2 and M3) were predominant in all the foetal tissues. The isozymes M2f and M2 seem therefore to be the original M type pyruvate kinase forms from which the other isozymes issue. The rate of each isozyme seems to depend on tissue factors characterizing the state of differentiation of some tissues, as indicated by the ability of adult muscle extracts to change the isozymes M2 and M3 into more cathodic forms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 61 (1982), S. 256-258 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The erythrocytic and liver pyruvate kinases (PK) from a patient with congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia have been studied. In red blood cells, the residual activity, 28% of the normal control, presented normal kinetic properties, instability to heat and urea, and slow electrophoretic mobility. The L-type PK from the patient's liver was characterized by normal activity, kinetic properties, stability to heat and urea, and electrophoretic mobility. The fact that erythrocyte mutant PK may, as in previous reports, or may not be associated, as in the present observation, with molecular abnormalities of the liver PK provides support for the hypothesis of a gene rearrangement compatible with two different tissue-specific mRNAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A new deficient G-6PD variant, Gd(-) Abrami, was found in granulocytes, platelets and red blood cells of a 65-year-old woman with myelofibrosis. Enzyme and immunological titrations showed that only the deficient variant was present in blood cells whereas both the normal and abnormal enzymes were found in the fat cells of this patient. These results seem to indicate that the granulocytes, platelets and erythrocytes of this woman with myelofibrosis have arisen from a single abnormal precursor the functional X chromsome of which is the one carrying the abnormal G-6PD gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 25 (1974), S. 101-109 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary With an electro-immunodiffusion technique the authors immunologically titrated 10 deficient glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase variants in the leukocytes, platelets, and red blood cells. By comparison between the immunological reactivity and the enzymatic activity, the relative importance of the molecular instability, the decrease in molecular specific activity, and the post-translational modifications of the muted protein could be appreciated. The Gd(-) A, Gd(-) West Bengale, Gd(-) Seattle, and Gd(-) Worcester-like variants had a normal specific activity and were only unstable. The Gd(-) Mali, Gd(-) Fort de France, Gd(-) Ankara, Gd(-) Mediterranee, Gd(-) Matam, and Gd(-) Benevento-like variants were also unstable and they had a diminished molecular specific activity, which entirely or partly explained the leukocyte deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 29 (1975), S. 271-280 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Erythrocyte pyruvate kinase (PK) from 5 patients with congenital non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia and erythrocyte PK deficiency have been studied by immunological methods and electrofocusing. L type immunologically related PK was titrated in crude hemolysate with anti human liver L type PK rabbit serum and M2 type immunologically related PK with anti human leukocyte M2 type PK serum. After partial purification, molecular specific activity of erythrocyte PK was measured by immunoinactivation and electroimmunodiffusion with anti L type PK serum. Partially purified erythrocyte PK was focused on continuous sucrose gradient with 2% ampholines covering the pH range 5–8. PK enzymatic deficiency was due two times to a lowered molecular specific activity of the PK variants, the concentration of PK antigen being in the normal range. In the 3 other cases enzyme activity and immunological reactivity were likewise lowered. In the 2 patients with the most marked erythrocyte PK deficiency about 50% of the residual activity in crude hemolysate were non inhibited by anti L type PK serum, but were inhibited by anti M2 type PK serum. In 3 patients, the electrofocusing pattern of partially purified PK was significantly different from that of normal controls. In conclusion, the heterogeneity of the molecular mechanisms of the deficiency on the one hand, and the abnormalities of electrofocusing patterns on the other hand, seem to indicate that erythrocyte PK deficiency is due to the synthesis by muted structural genes of various abnormal PK molecules. The high ratio of M2 type PK in the most deficient hemolysates may be due to a compensatory process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Urea-Triton polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (UT-PAGE) has been used to separate, in one dimension, membrane proteins present in red blood cells and hemoglobin chains associated with cell ghosts. The membrane proteins are especially well resolved in the high molecular weight range. The protein fractions were further characterized by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with UT-PAGE in the first dimension followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-PAGE and phosphorylation in the presence or absence of cAMP. A good recovery of spectrin and of band III was obtained in the two-dimensional system. The proportion of α, β, Gγ and Aγ globin chains can be determined in comparison to the membrane proteins.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1992-12-01
    Print ISSN: 1046-5928
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0279
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Elsevier
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