ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Other Sources  (459)
  • Elsevier  (380)
  • Physika-Verlag, Würzburg  (64)
  • Taylor & Francis  (15)
  • 2025-2025
  • 2015-2019  (459)
  • 1990-1994
  • 2018  (459)
  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: David, E,: Materie im Erdinnern . . . 1 ; Reich, H.: Über die Ausbreitung seismischer Impulse in de Malmkalkplatte des schwäbisch-fränkischen Jura . . .8 ; Pietsch, D.: Ein Verfahren zur direkten Berechnung der Schichgeschwindigkeiten in der Reflexionsseismik . . . 25 ; Jung, K.: „Schweydarsche“ Formeln für die Geländewirkung auf g . . . 47 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Burkhart, K..: Mikropulsationen des Erdstroms und der erdmagnetischen Horizontalkomponenten . . . . . . . . 57 ; Wiese, H. I Tiefentellurik . . . . . . . . . . 74 ; Meißner, R.: Untersuchungen über die Zusammenhänge zwischen Luftdruck und Brunnenspiegel . . . . . . . . . 81 ; Joksch, H. G.: Statistische Analyse der hypsometrischen Kurve der Erde . . 109 ; ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 1 [Burkhart, K..: Mikropulsationen des Erdstroms und der erdmagnetischen Horizontalkomponenten]: Die Erdstrombeobachtungen bei großen Elektrodenentfernungen werden denen bei kurzen Abständen gegenüber gestellt. Die Phasenverschiebung zwischen den magnetischen und den Erdstromvariationen wird durch das bekannte Verhältnis von Reaktanz und Resistanz bestimmt. Bei großen Elektrodenentfernungen und kurzen Perioden nimmt erstere stärker zu als letztere. Auch bei den Pulsationen gilt die gleiche induktive Abhängigkeit des Erdstroms von den magnetischen Schwankungen wie bei den langen Perioden. Daher kann für die Untersuchung der Erdströme von der gleichen Grundformel ausgegangen werden, die zur Bestimmung der Eichwerte der Induktionsapparatur von H und D herangezogen wird. Bei den großen Dimensionen der von den Erdströmen zurückgelegten Strecken muß die Erhöhung des wirksamen Widerstandes durch den Skineffekt noch berücksichtigt werden. Während die induktive Umsetzung für beide Komponenten konform verläuft, hat der meridional fließende Erdstrom einen etwa 3 mal so großen Erdwiderstand zu überwinden wie der zonal fließende. Die Eigeninduktivität in nordsüdlicher Richtung ist etwa 2,5 mal so groß wie in ostwestlicher. Diese Anisotropie ist tektonisch und geologisch durch die Alpen begründet. Die Auszählung der Pulsationen für verschiedene Periodenklassen zeigt ein auffallendes Maximum der Perioden von 10 bis 30 sec über die Mittagstunden. Ein Vergleich mit der EK-Kurve der E- und F1-Schicht läßt darauf schließen, daß der Ladungsaufbau dieser Schichten mit Pulsationen dieser Perioden in Zusammenhang steht. Die Tagespulsationen (10-40 Sek.) übertreffen an Häufigkeit im ganzen Pulsationsspektrum die von der Partikelstrahlung erzeugten Pulsationen langer Perioden. Letztere zeigen eine 27-tägige Wiederholungstendenz. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 2 [Wiese, H. I Tiefentellurik - Erforschung der großräumigen elektrischen Leitfähigkeitsstruktur des tiefen Untergrundes durch geomagnetische Variationen]: Bei erdmagnetischen Variationen von weniger als 2 Stunden Dauer zeigen sich im europäischen Raum in der Vertikalkomponente auf der einen Seite gleiche Variationen an teilweise weit entfernten Observatorien, auf der anderen Seite entgegengesetzte an benachbarten Observatorien. Das ist die Wirkung einer sich im tiefen Untergrund erstreckenden Zone erhöhter elektrischer Leitfähigkeit, die sich von Spanien über Norddeutschland zum Bosperus und nach Nordafrika zieht. Eine qualitative Erklärung der Z-Variationen wird gegeben. Auch außerhalb Europas machen sich elektrische Leitfähigkeitsstrukturen im Untergrund, z. B. in Japan, Südafrika, China, Nordamerika bemerkbar. Geologisch gesehen liegen alle Strukturen außerhalb der schon im Erdaltertum konsolidierten Kratone. Für diese Methode zur Erforschung des tiefen Untergrundes wird der Name Tiefentellurik vorgeschlagen. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 3 [Meißner, R.: Untersuchungen über die Zusammenhänge zwischen Luftdruck und Brunnenspiegel]: Aufgrund von Durchströmversuchen durch Sande der verschiedensten Durchfeuchtung und Korngröße wird ein Durchflußgesetz für Luft (ähnlich dem Darcy’schen Gesetz für Wasserdurchfluß) gefunden. Es dient als Grundlage zur Berechnung des Eindringens von Luftdruckschwankungen in den Erdboden. Durch Druckfifferenzen zwischen dieser in den Erdboden eindringenden Luft und dem gerade am Brunnenspiegel herrschenden äußeren Luftdruck können bei sehr feinen Böden und größeren Grundwassertiefen dem Luftdruckverlauf ähnliche Brunnenspiegelschwankungen hervorgerufen werden. Weitere Versuche mit einem künstlichem Grundwasserspiegel zeigten jedoch, daß es besonders die im Saugsaum aller feinen Sande (auch Tone, Lehme u. dergl.) enthaltenen großen eingeschlossenen Luftvolumina (in Form von Luftbläschen sind, die für die vielerorts auftretenden luftdruckähnlichen Brunnenspiegelschwankungen verantwortlich sind. Registrierungen vom künstlichen Brunnen, von vielen natürlichen Brunnen sowie von 2 Quellen weisen die verschiedensten, z. T. bis zu 10 cm groß werdenden, rein luftdruckbedingten Schwankungen auf. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 4 [Joksch, H. G.: Statistische Analyse der hypsometrischen Kurve der Erde]: Zusammenfassung: Die hypsometrische Kurve der Erde läßt sich in zwei logarithmische Normalverteilungen und eine wahrscheinlich logarithmische Normalverteilung zerlegen. Es wird versucht, eine formale Erklärung dafür zu geben.
    Description: Burkhart, K..: Mikropulsationen des Erdstroms und der erdmagnetischen Horizontalkomponenten . . . . . . . . 57 ; Wiese, H. I Tiefentellurik . . . . . . . . . . 74 ; Meißner, R.: Untersuchungen über die Zusammenhänge zwischen Luftdruck und Brunnenspiegel . . . . . . . . . 81 ; Joksch, H. G.: Statistische Analyse der hypsometrischen Kurve der Erde . . 109 ; ABSTRACT 1 [Burkhart, K..: Mikropulsationen des Erdstroms und der erdmagnetischen Horizontalkomponenten]: An observation of earth—currents obtained with electrodes of large distances is compared with that of short distances. The phasedifferences of the magnetic and earth-current-variations are fixed by the proportion of reactance and resistance. The first one increases more than the second one with large distances and short periods. The same law of induction between magnetism and earth-currents comes true in the case of the pulsations. It is possihle to use the same fundamental formula in earth-current-problems as it is done for the calculation of the values of sensitivity of the H- and D—equipment. But in the case of earth-currents the increasing effective resistance by the influence of skin-effect has to be considered. The phase-difference can be calculated. The agreement with the recordings is very good. The inductive transposition is conform with the two components, but the current running meridional has to subdue a resistance 3 times so strong as the current of the other direction. The meridional inductivity is 2,5 times so strong as that in zonal direction. This anisotropy is caused by the tectonic and the geology of the Alps. The statistic of the pulsations for different classes of periods ShowS a distinct maximum of periods (10-40 sec) at noon. If the curves are compared with the EC-curve of the E-and F1-layer it is possible to conclude a relation between the two effects. The frequency of pulsations of sunlight-hours surpass that of the long periods produces by particles. The pulsations of long periods Show a 27-day recurrence. ABSTRACT 2 [Wiese, H. I Tiefentellurik]: Abstract: Geomagnetic Z-variations of less than 2 hours duration show in Europe on one side similar variations at sometimes far distant observatories on the other side opposite variations at observat‘ories in the neighbourhood. This is the effect of a zone of high electric conductivity in the deep earthcrust, which extends from Spain over North Germany to the Bospours and North Afrika. A qualitative explanation of the Z-variations is given. Besides there appear electrical conductivity-structures in other continents e.g. in Japan, South Afrika, China, North America. Viewed geologically all structures are situated outside the cratons already consolidated in the palaeozoicum. For this method explorating the deep earthcrust the name “deep telluric” is proposed. ABSTRACT 3 [Meißner, R.: Untersuchungen über die Zusammenhänge zwischen Luftdruck und Brunnenspiegel]: After many experiments in the laboratory a formula for the flow of air through sands of different size and different moisture has been found. (Similar to Darcy’s Low for the flow of water). With aid of this formula it has been calculated, in what kind the natural fluctuation of the airpressure get into the upper stratum of the earth untill to the grormd-water-level. The materials above being of small size and the ground-water-level being at least 4-6 meter deep there occure pressure-differences between the slowly invading air pressure and the alternating air pressure outside being in the well too. As the result of these horizontal pressure-differences ground-water will flow in the direction of the well and cause fluctuations quite similar to those of the air-pressure. By further experiments with an artificial well and an artificial ground-water level another more important factor has been found: Many inflated pores existing in all fine materials in the zone of capillarity cause the most fluctuations of the levels in the wells by compriming and expanding when air-pressure altemate. Registrations of the artificial well, of many natural wells, of two springs show the diffelrent fluctuations being in maximum 10 cm, only caused by the natural variations of the air-pressure. ABSTRACT 4 [Joksch, H. G.: Statistische Analyse der hypsometrischen Kurve der Erde]: The frequency-distribution of levels on the earth’s surface is found to be composed of three unimodal distributions: two logarithmico-normal ones and one probably logarithmico—normal. A formal interpretation of these distributions and their composition is given.
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geomagnetismus ; Geoelektric ; Tiefentellurik ; Luftdruck ; Brunnenspiegel ; hypsometrische Kurve ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Belluigi, A.: Neue Theorie für elektrische Sondierungen . . . 113 ; Kautzleben H.: Über das geomagnetische Normalfeld nach Fanselau . . . 143 ; Buchbesprechungen: Řihánek, L. V. und Postráneckẏ, J.: Bourky a ochrana pied bleskem (H. Israёl) . . . 158 ; Künstliche Erdsatelliten (H. Dolezalek) . . . 159 ; Personalien . . . 160 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Elektrische Sondierung ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Erdsatellit ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Kremser, G.: Ergebnisse erdmagnetischer Tiefensondierung in der Umgebung von Göttingen . . . 1 ; Gutdeutsch, R.: Über Vielfacheinsätze elastischer Wellen an Schichten . . . 11 ; Friedemann, H.: Von neuen Erfindungen Meßeinrichtungen für sprengseismische Bodenuntersuchungen . . . 47 ; Mitteilungen . . . 49 ; Buchbesprechung . . . 51 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Wellen ; Geomagnetismus ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: ROSSBACH, A.: Die Geokorona und ihre Bedeutung für die Hochatmosphäre . . . 557 ; Binder, O.: Untersuchungen von Intensitätsschwankungen der kosmischen Strahlung im Periodenbereich zwischen 20 und 28 Stunden . . . 565 ; LIEGER, P. F.: Eine im Winter bei mittlerer Breite auftretende Senke des Elektroneninhalts . . . 581 ; NEGI, J. G., and T. LAL: Deformation of the Shape of Seismic Pulses by a Layer of Non-Uniform Velocity Distributions . . . 589 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber: WOOSTER, W. S.., A. J. LEE, G. DIETRICH: Redefinition of Salinity . . . 611 ; In memoriam: O. LUCKE, B. BROCKAMP, F. ERRULAT . . . 615
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Geokorona ; Strahlung ; Seismik ; Ionosphäre ; Salinität ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: SCHULT, A.: Über die Magnetisierung der Basaltvorkommen in der Umgebung von Göttingen . . . l ; SOFFEL, H.: Untersuchungen an einigen ferrimagnetischen Oxyd- und Sulfid-Mineralien mit der Methode der Bitterschen Streifen . . . 21 ; LANGE-HESSE, G.: Jahreszeitliche Einflüsse auf die Rückstrahlung ultrakurzer Wellen an Polarlichtern in Mitteleuropa . . . 35 ; ERTEL, H.: Polygonale Koordination von Seezufluß und Wasserstand . . . 45 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Magnetismus ; Geomagnetismus ; Hydrologie ; Mineralogie ; Ionosphäre ; Aurora ; Atmosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhalt: GIESE, P.: Die Geschwindigkeitsverteilung im obersten Bereich des Kristallins, abgeleitet aus Refraktionsbeobachtungen auf dem Profil Böhmischbruck—Eschenlohe . . . 197 ; BOSE, S. K.: A Wave Theory for the Generation of Love, G and Sa Waves . . . 215 ; ÖCAL‚ N.: Aufbau der Erdkruste in Anatolien . . . 227 ; PLAUMANN, S.: Kontinuierliche Schweremessungen im Roten Meer mit einem Askania-Seegravimeter vomTyp GssZ nach GRAF . . . 233 ; Verzeichnis der geophysikalischen Vorlesungen . . . 257 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Gravitation ; Geomorphologie ; Wellen ; Love Wave ; Geophysik ; Seismik ; Elektrodynamik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhalt: BHATTACHARYA, J. and DAS GUPTA, S. C.: On leaking modes coupled with shear waves . . . 101 ; TEUPSER, CH. und ULLMANN, W.: Ein neuer Vertikalseismograph mit galvanometrischer Registrierung . . . 115 ; BURKARD‚ O.: Ionosphärenbeobachtungen zur Sonnenfinsternis am 15. Februar 1961 . . . 123 ; (ROSENBACH‚ O. und SCHMITT, 0.: Programmsteuerung der Empfindlichkeit seismischer Meßapparaturen . . . 129 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 145 ; Berichtigung . . . 148 ,
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Wellen ; Seismik ; Ionosphäre ; Atmosphäre ; Elastographie ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: SEITZ, K.: Altersbestimmung nach der RaD-Methode mit gasförmigen Bleiverbindungen . . . 149 ; GROTEN, E.: Untersuchung der zeitlichen Variation des Gravimeterfaktors . . . 169 ; FRIEDEMANN, H.: Von neuen Erfindungen. Ring für Seismische Seemessungen . . . 173 ; SCHUCH, M.: Beobachtungen von Eigenpotentialen an Torflagerstätten mit verschiedenartigen Elektroden . . . 175 ; Mitteilung . . . 196 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Gravimetrie ; Torf ; Seismik ; Geochronologie ; Geoelektrik ; RaD ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Kasemir, H. W.: Der Gewittergenerator im luftelektrischen Stromkreis Tl. II (S. 65) ; Repsold‚ H.: Ergebnisse der Messung natürlicher Erdströme bei Göttingen (S. 97) ; Israёl, H.: Der Diffusionskoeffizient des Radons in der Bodenluft (S. 104) ; Siebert, M.: Die solaren Gezeiten im Barogramm des Juli 1959 (S. 109).
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Gewitter ; Geoelektrik ; Radon ; Diffusion ; Luftdruck ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Schneider, G.: Zum Wellencharakter der mikroseismischen Bodenunruhe . . . 161 ; Fischer, G.: Die Mitschwinggezeiten der Nordsee, errechnet mit einem Differenzverfahren . . . 186 ; Lange-Hesse, G: Durchschnittlicher Tagesgang der F1-Schicht-Grenzfrequenzen und seine Abhängigkeit von geographischer Breite und Jahreszeit . . . 199 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Ionosphäre ; Hydrodynamik ; Atmosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Fanselau, G. und Lücke, O.: Über die Veränderlichkeit des erdmagnetischen Hauptfeldes und seine Theorien . . . 121 ; ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Abschnitt A. Die Veränderlichkeit des geomagnetischen Feldes und seiner Energiedichte wird auf Grund seiner Potentialentwicklungen in neuer Weise dargestellt. Die beiden Pole des Quadrupols führen neben einer Westwärtsdrift von 240/100 Jahren noch eine ebenso kräftige nord- bzw. südwärtige Bewegung aus. Abschnitt B. Es wird gezeigt, wie die Multipole durch einfache zonale Stromsysteme erzeugt gedacht werden können. Ihr Skineffekt wird betrachtet. Abschnitt C. Die großräumigen Konvektionsströme, die die säkulare Änderung der Tageslänge bewirken, sind auf Ebenen senkrecht zur Drehachse beschränkt. Sie stehen in keinem direkten Zusammenhang mit der säkularen Veränderlichkeit des geomagnetischen Feldes, dessen Entstehung auf eine Grenzschicht an der oberen Grenze des Erdkerns beschränkt sein muß. Sie kann nicht durch hydromagnetische Theorien beschrieben werden. Abschnitt D. Wenn man im Anschluß an H. Miki die Materie des äußeren Erdkerns als hochionisiertes Plasma betrachtet, kann das geomagnetische Feld als Grenzschichteffekt gedeutet werden. Seine Westwärtsdrift ist dann die Westwärtswanderung langer hydrodynamischer Wellen. Die Wanderung der Pole des Quadrupols wird durch das Vorzeichen ihres Drehsinnes beeinflußt.
    Description: Fanselau, G. und Lücke, O.: Über die Veränderlichkeit des erdmagnetischen Hauptfeldes und seine Theorien . . . 121 ; ABSTRACT: Part A. The variability of the geomagnetic field and its density of energy is described by means of its potential developments in a new manner. The two poles of the quadrupole still show besides a westward drift of 240/100 years a movement northward resp. southward of the same strength. Part B. It is shown, how multipoles can be produced by simple zonal current systems. Their skin-effect is considered. Part C. The extended convection streams, which effect the secular variation of the length of the day are confined to planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation. They are not connected directly with the secular variability of the geomagnetic field, the origin of which must be confined on a boundary layer of the upper border of the core. It may not be described by means of hydromagnetic theories. Part D. lf one regards in agreement with H. Miki the matter of the outer core as highly ionizised plasma, the geomagnetic field may be interpreted as an effect of boundary layer. Its westward drift now is the westward migration of long hydrodynamic waves. The migration of the poles of the quadrupole is influenced by the sign of its turning direction.
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geomagnetismus ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Closs, H. and Morelli, C. : Seismic Experiments in the Dolomites (Lago Lagorai) to investigate the Earth’s Crust in the Eastern Alpine Area . . . 249 ; Müller, St, Stein, A. and Vees, R.: Seismic Scaling Laws for Explosions on a Lake Bottom . . . 258 ; Koch, H., Sehminder, R. and Kürschner, D.: Ein neues automatisches Registriergerät für ionosphärische Driftmessungen . . . 28l ; Israel, H. and Haas, R.: Absorption of natural fallout in soil . . . 289 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 293 ;
    Description: CLOSS, H. and MORELLI, C. : Seismic Experiments in the Dolomites (Lago Lagorai) to investigate the Earth’s Crust in the Eastern Alpine Area. Summary: The “Sous-Commission des Explosions Alpines” carried out a series of explosions; the aim of experiments is described, the choice of a lake as shotpoint is discussed, operational details are illustrated, data on seismic parties and instruments are tabulated. - - - MÜLLER, St, STEIN, A. and VEES, R.: Seismic Scaling Laws for Explosions on a Lake Bottom. Summary: In September 1961 a series of 22 explosions was set off for experimental purposes on the bottom of a lake near Trento in Italy. During these tests the Charge size varied between 2 and 760 kg of TNT. A11 shots were recorded along three refraction profiles using calibrated equipment. The maximum recording distance was 168 km. Three seismic stations were kept at the same locations during the entire operation. Their main object was to determine the relationship between ground amplitudes of first arrivals and weight of the explosive Charge. The distances between the shotpoint and these permanent stations were 1.50, 21.15, and 34.05 km, respectively. The response curves of the instrumental equipment are discussed. Examples of seismograms are shown which demonstrate that the frequency spectrum of the first arrivals does not change systematically with increasing charge size. Characteristic second and later arrivals, clearly recorded in a distance of 21.15 km, must be interpreted as signals radiated from the rising gas bubble. It must be ascribed to the low background noise level that excellent seismograms could be obtained in a distance of 34.05 km from the shotpoint even with charges as small as 5 kg. The amplitudes of true ground motion were determined for first arrivals. Ten sets of data were then fitted to power laws of the form: ɑ = const · Wn (ɑ = amplitude in mµ; W = charge weight in kg) by least-square methods. The average value of the exponent n equals 0.65 for the entire series, while the mean deviation of the individual values from the power functions is about 16 per cent. If the relation between seismic amplitudes and Charge weight is plotted on a log—log scale a systematic curvature is noticed for some sets of data which indicates that a simple power law is not sufficient to fit the observations. This efiect has been investigated more closely for two sets of the experimental data. - - - KOCH, H., SEHMINDER, R. and KÜRSCHNER, D.: Ein neues automatisches Registriergerät für ionosphärische Driftmessungen. Summary: A recorder for ionospheric drift measurements according to KRAUTKRÄMER’S method is described, which allows of directly the time differences between corresponding extremes in the signal voltage curves. The apparatus offers economy in operation and in evaluation of measurements and permits of making continuous registrations. Comparative measurements using conventional techniques have shown that, in spite of some inherent limitations, the apparatus is capable of yielding sufficiently accurate mean values of drift velocity and drift direction. - - - ISRAEL, H. and HAAS, R.: Absorption of natural fallout in soil. Summary: lt is shown by Laboratory experiments on the problem of fall-out distribution in soil that radioactivity is absorbed in the uppermost layers of the ground. The measurements were made by sprinkling water activated with ThB on different types of soil. The distributions in the soil are found to be very similar t0 these of the Sr90-fallout. By these results the conclusion is justified that ThB can be used as tracer to detect the fall-out distribution in soil.
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Ionosphäre ; Radioaktivität ; Atmosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Mal, A. K.: On the fild of an electric dipole in presence of a layered media . . . 209 ; Brockamp, B.: Barographisch-topographische Höhenkurve . . . 219 ; Ghosh, M. L.: Relection of Love Wave from a rigid obstacle . . . 223 ; Siebert, M: Die Zerlegung eines zweidimensionalen Magnetfeldes in äußeren und inneren Anteil mit Hilfe der CAUCHYschen Integralformel . . . 231 ; Friedmann, H. Von neuen Erfindungen, Verstärkerschaltung zur Reflexionsüberhöhung für seismische Registrierungen . . . 237 ; Dolezalek, H.: On the Measurement of Mobility and Conductivity in the Mesosphere . 239 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 244 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Love Wave ; Magnetismus ; Seismik ; Mesosphere ; electricity ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Rönicke, G.: Erfahrungen mit luftelektrischen Sondierungen in der freien Atmosphäre. . . 105 ; Schulz, G. : Der mittlere Fehler bei Geschwindigkeitsberechnungen aus der Krümmung von Reflexionen . . . 127 ; Meitzner, W. : Magnetische Untersuchungen am Backenberg bei Güntersen . . . 137 ; Friedemann, H. : Patentbericht. Erschütterungsmesser, insbesondere Seismograph . . . 155 ; Mitteilung . . . 156 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geomagnetismus ; Seismograph ; Reflexion ; Atmosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: FABIAN, P. and W. F. LIBBY: Ozone in the Atmesphere of Venus . . . 1 ; KOENIG, M.: Digitalisierung modellseismischer Signale . . . 9 ; RUMMEL F.: Studies of time-dependent deformation of some granite and eclogite rock samples under uni-axial, constant compressives tress and temperatures up to 400 °C . . . 17 ; BEHREHS, J., L. DRESEN und E. HINZ: Modellseismische Untersuchungen der dynamischen Parameter von Kopfwelle und Reflexion im überkritischen Bereich . . . 43 ; SCHMIDTKE, G.: EUV-Laborspektrophotometrie zur Vorbereitung von optischen Flugexperimenten (mit Falttafeln} . . . 69 ; STROWALD, J.: Schlierenoptische Untersuchung der Ω-Welle . . . 83 ; STILLER H. und C. WAGNER: Eine Einrichtung für Ultraschallmessungen an Gesteinen unter hydrostatischem Druck bis 2 kbar . . . 97 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 103
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Photometrie ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Ozon ; Venus ; Ultraschall ; Optik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: BOSUM, W. & HAHN, A.: Diagrams for the computation of magnetic field components, for their transformation into one another and for their upward continuation (two-dimensional case) . . . 1 ; FRÖLICH, F. und H. LÖFFLER: Einflüsse auf die Korundtyp-Wechselwirkungen im System Hämatit-Ilmenit . . . 26 ; SCHNEIDER, G.‚ MÜLLER, ST. und L. KNOPOFF: Gruppengeschwindigkeitsmessungen an kurzperiodischen Oberflächenwellen in Mitteleuropa . . . 33 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber . . . 58 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 61 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Magnetismus ; Mineralogie ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Lorch, S.: Messung des Wassergehaltes in Böden mit der Neutronensonde. ; Thrasher, J. E. & Scheidegger, A. E.: On the Connection Between Stress and Displacements in Faulted Regions. SUMMARY 1 [Lorch, S.: Messung des Wassergehaltes in Böden mit der Neutronensonde.]: Based on results of experimental and theoretical investigations it is shown that the calibration curve of a neutron probe depends essentially on the configuration between neutron source and detector. SUMMARY 2 [Thrasher, J. E. & Scheidegger, A. E.: On the Connection Between Stress and Displacements in Faulted Regions. ]: This paper demonstrates a method of obtaining the principal direction of the stress tensor in a faulted area when the principal directions of the displacement tensor are known. Also, the mean and standard deviation of the maximum principal stress axes are determined for a randomly faulted area with null axes parallel to a plane, provided the displacement component normal to this plane has always the same sign; it is then shown that the mean is normal to the plane of the null axes. This result is important in connection with the statistical analysis of earthquake fault plane solutions inasmuch as it proves that the tectonic motion direction obtained as the “most orthogonal” direction to the null axes of an area must coincide with the average (maximum) principal stress direction.
    Description: Lorch, S.: Messung des Wassergehaltes in Böden mit der Neutronensonde. ; Thrasher, J. E. & Scheidegger, A. E.: On the Connection Between Stress and Displacements in Faulted Regions. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 1 [Lorch, S.: Messung des Wassergehaltes in Böden mit der Neutronensonde.]: An Hand der Ergebnisse experimenteller und theoretischer Untersuchungen an der Neutronensonde wird gezeigt, daß die Form der Eichkurven im wesentlichen von der Art der Anordnung Quelle-Detektor abhängt. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 2 [Thrasher, J. E. & Scheidegger, A. E.: On the Connection Between Stress and Displacements in Faulted Regions.]: Die Arbeit präsentiert eine Methode, die gestattet, die tektonischen Hauptspannungsrichtungen in einem von Brüchen durchzogenen Gebiet aus den Hauptachsen des Verzerrungstensors herzuleiten. Der Mittelwert und die Streuung der größten Hauptspannungsrichtung sind für eine willkürlich von Brüchen durchzogene Gegend berechnet, solange man annimmt, daß die Nullachsen der Brüche einer Ebene parallel sind und die Verschiebungskomponente normal zu dieser Nullachse immer dasselbe Vorzeichen aufzeigt. Dieses Resultat ist im Zusammenhange mit der Theorie der Verschiebungsebenen in Erdbebenherden wichtig, da es zeigt, daß die tektonische Bewegungsachse, die man dadurch erhält, daß man die beste Normale zu den Nullachsen in einem Gebiet findet, dieselbe sein muß, wie die mittlere Hauptspannungsrichtung.
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Boden ; Hydrologie ; Tektonik ; Geophysik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Angenheister, G. und C. v. Consbruch: Pulsationen des erdmagnetischen Feldes in Göttingen von 1953 - 1958 . . . 3 ; Israël, H.: Der Diffusions-Koeffizient des Radons in Bodenluft . . . 13 ; Hiersemann, L.: Aufzeichnung langperiodischer Bodendeformationen mit einem Strainseismometer . . . 18 ; Kundorf, W. und D. Rotter: Über die Anwendung der seismischen Eigenimpulsmethode bei der Erforschung dynamischer Auswirkungen des Gebirgsdruckes . . . 35 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geophysik ; Geomagnetismus ; Radioaktivität ; Diffusion ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Militzer, H.: Nahseismische Untersuchungen mit einem Bodenvibrator . . . 49 ; Schmelovsky, K. H.: Untersuchungen über die tages- und jahreszeitlichen Variationen des Plasmas der äußeren Ionosphäre und ihre theoretische Deutung . . . 59 ; Knothe, Ch: Homogene Dreikomponentenanordnungen für tiefenseismische Untersuchungen . . . 67 ; Korb, H. G.: Über die Analyse der Schwankungen des Grundwasserspiegels in dem überfluteten Bergwerk Sontra . . . 75 ; Stiller, H .‚ Frölich, F. und F. Ch. Wagner: Zustandsänderungen in magnetischen Gesteinsproben . . . 89 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geophysik ; Seismik ; Ionosphäre ; Hydrologie ; Magnetismus ; Atmosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Angenheister, G. und v. Consbruch C.: Pulsation des erdmagnetischen Feldes in Göttingen von 19531-1958 . . . 103 ; Fritsch, V.: Die geoelektrische Untersuchung der Heilwässer in der Umgebung des Neusiedlersees im Burgenland . . . 112 ; Schneider, G.: Mikroseismik-Ausbreitung in Nord- und Mitteleuropa . . . 118 ; Frölich, F.‚ Stiller, H. und Wagner, F. Ch: Erfahrungen mit Laborverfahren für Gesteinsuntersuchungen . . . 136 ; Druckfehlerberichtigung . . . 149 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geophysik ; Geomagnetismus ; Geoelektrik ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Hédervári, P.: On the Geophysical Interpretation of the Seismical Great-circle of the Earth . . . 1 ; Kunkis, A., und G. Ries: Anlage zur Messung und Registrierung der luftelektrischen Elemente mit automatischer Stundenmittelauswertung . . . 5 ; Stiller, H., and F. Frölich: Studies on Rock Forming Magnetic Minerals . . . l3 ; Macke, W., P. Rennert, F. Rieger und K. Voss: Über die Gestalt und das Schwerefeld der Erde . . . 21 ; Weaver, J. T.: On the Separation of Local Geomagnetic Fields . . . 29 ; Angenheister‚ G.: Kolloquium zum Thema: Gesteinsmagnetismus . . . 37 ; Der radioaktive Kollektor bei luftelektrischen Sondierungen . . . 43 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber . . . 45 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 48 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geophysik ; Elektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravitation ; Radioaktivität ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Berckhemer H.‚ St. Müller und M. Sellevoll: Die Krustenstruktur in Südwestdeutschland aus Phasen-Geschwindigkeitsmessungen an Rayleigh-Wellen . . . 151 ; Schäffner, H. J.: Interpretation von Herdmechanismen durch asymmetrische Dislokationen . . . 164 ; Refai E.: Magnetic anomalies and magnetization of basalts in the area around Kemnath (Oberpfalz) . . . 175 ; Dürschner, H. : Über den Reflexionscharakter und die Laufzeitkurven nach Geschwindigkeitslogs . . . 188 ; Duda S. J.: Phänomenologische Untersuchung einer Nachbebenserie aus dem Gebiet der Aläuten- Inseln . . . 207 ; Bewersdorff, A.: Der Einfluß der Entmischung auf remanente Magnetisierung von Titanomagnetiten . . . 213 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geomagnetismus ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Korschunow, A: Tiefherdbeben aus Göttinger Seismogrammen . . . 113 ; Belluigi, A: Über ein geoelektrisches inverses Problem . . . 135 ; Berckhemer, H.‚ Oliver, J.: Zur Deutung seismischer Einsätze mit parallelen Laufzeitkurven . . . 152 ; Dohr, C.: Perioden der ersten Vorläufer in Göttinger Seismogrammen . . . 165 ; Buchbesprechung . . . 175 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geoelektrik ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Argence, E.: Kritische Betrachtung der Wellenausbreitung in einem isotropen, absorbierenden Medium . . . l ; Kunetz, G.: Einfluß vertikaler Schichten auf elektrische Sondierungen . . . 10 ; Wilckens, F.: Die Grundlage der Eigenpotentialmethode . . . . 25 ; Hellbardt, G.: Seismische Versuche auf einer Eisplatte . . . . . 41 ; Cipa, W.: Kurzbericht über einige erdmagnetische Untersuchungen an Lavaströmen und Tuffschloten in der Vordereifel . . . . 48 ; Schmidt, H.: Untersuchungen zur photoelektrischen Schwingzeitmessung . . . 53 ; ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 1 [Argence, E.: Kritische Betrachtung der Wellenausbreitung in einem isotropen, absorbierenden Medium]: Der Einfluß der Absorption auf die Ausbreitung der Kurzwellen in der Ionosphäre wird untersucht. Das Problem kann von zwei verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten her behandelt werden, entweder nach der Methode von Epstein (1930) oder nach denen von Mc Cullagh, Cauchy, Arzeliäs, die zur Behandlung der Metall-Reflexion ausgearbeitet wurden. Im vorliegenden ersten Teil werden die für die Metall-Reflexion erhaltenen Ergebnisse benutzt. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 2 [Kunetz, G.: Einfluß vertikaler Schichten auf elektrische Sondierungen]: Obwohl diese Frage Gegenstand eines jüngst in "GEOPHYSICS" erschienenen Artikels war, halten wir es für lohnenswert, unsererseits über die auf diesem Gebiet in unabhängiger Weise von uns erzielten Ergebnisse zu berichten. Die von uns angewandte Lösungsmethode ist in der Tat nicht die gleiche: wir wenden sie für eine andere Form der Elektroden an und dehnen sie auf eine andere und kompliziertere Anordnung der Gesteinkörper aus. Unsere Arbeit betrifft hauptsächlich die Einwirkung von ebenen, dünnen Schichten mit sehr hohem oder, im Gegenteil, sehr niedrigem elektrischen Widerstand auf die Potentialverteilung, die durch Gleichstrom, der mittels punktförmiger Elektroden in die Erde gesendet wird, entsteht. Es wird zuerst angenommen, daß die genannte Schicht in einem unendlichen, homogenen Medium eingebettet ist, alsdann aber wird das Medium nach oben durch die horizontale Erdoberfläche und nach unten durch die ebenso horizontale Fläche eines elektrisch nicht leitenden Substratums begrenzt, und die dünne Schicht vertikal vorausgesetzt. Aus dieser Potentialverteilung wird das elektrische Feld an der Erdoberfläche im Mittelpunkt von zwei Stromelektroden ermittelt, wobei die Elektroden parallel oder senkrecht zu der Schicht angeordnet werden. Nach Multiplikation mit einem zum Quadrat der Elektrodenentfernung proportionalen Faktor erhält man den sog. „scheinbaren spezifischen Widerstand", ein wohlbekannter Parameter, der in einem homogenen Medium dem wahren spezifischen Widerstand gleich ist. Die numerischen Ergebnisse für verschiedene Anordnungen der Schichten und ihrer Widerstände werden als Funktion der Länge der Meßanordnung durch mehrere Kurvengruppen dargestellt. Anschließend werden auch Ergebnisse für vertikalen Kontakt von zwei weitausgedehnten horizontalen Schichten verschiedener Leitfähigkeiten, die auf einem nichtleitenden Substratum liegen, angegeben. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 3 [Wilckens, F.: Die Grundlage der Eigenpotentialmethode]: Nach einer Erörterung der WidersPrüche im Schrifttum über die Eigenpotentialmethode wird gezeigt, daß durch die Berücksichtigung des Potentialsprunges an der Grenzfläche Erz/ Elektrolyt eine Erklärung der mittels der Eigenpotentialmethode gewonnenen Meßergebnisse im Rahmen der bisherigen Oxydations-Reduktions—Theorie möglich ist. Weitere Probleme der elektrochemischen Vorgänge im Bereich von Erzlagerstätten sowie der Meßmethodik bei Eigenpotentialuntersuchungen werden diskutiert. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 4 [Hellbardt, G.: Seismische Versuche auf einer Eisplatte]: Die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit der elastischen Wellen in einer Eisplatte wurde gemessen. Dabei wurden Dehnungs-, SH- (Love-) und Riegewellen beobachtet sowie nicht erklärte Einsätze. Die gemessenen Geschwindigkeiten und und die daraus berechneten Elastizitätskonstanten stimmen gut mit den Ergebnissen anderer Autoren und mit der Theorie überein. Eine Berechnung zur Ausbreitung von Impulsen bei vorhandener Dispersion veranschaulicht die Entstehung der Wellenzüge in den Seismogrammen. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 5 [Cipa, W.: Kurzbericht über einige erdmagnetische Untersuchungen an Lavaströmen und Tuffschloten in der Vordereifel]: In Fortsetzung der Arbeiten von Ahrens (1932) und Kienow (194l) führte der Verfasser im Vulkangebiet der Eifel Untersuchungen mit einem magnetischen Vertikalvariometer durch. In der Umgebung von Gillenfeld und Gerolstein-Hillesheim ermittelte er die Grenzen einiger Lavaströme, die mit Tuff und Alluvionen bedeckt sind. Die hoch magnetischen basaltiscben Aschen ermöglichten es, einen Vulkanschlot und die Form einiger Vulkane, die nur Tuffe gefördert haben, ausfindig zu machen. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 6 [Schmidt, H.:Untersuchungen zur photoelektrischen Schwingzeitmessung]: Die Bewegungen eines am Faden hängenden, horizontal schwingenden Magneten wurden in vier Freiheitsgraden berechnet. Hieraus folgt das kürzestmögliche Meßintervall. Eine neue Methode optischer Impulsverkürzung wird angegeben, die eine höhere Genauigkeit in der Erfassung eines einzelnen Durchgangs als frühere Methoden liefert. Eine automatisch arbeitende Schwingzeitmeßanlage wird beschrieben und Meßergebnisse werden mitgeteilt.
    Description: Argence, E.: Kritische Betrachtung der Wellenausbreitung in einem isotropen, absorbierenden Medium . . . l ; Kunetz, G.: Einfluß vertikaler Schichten auf elektrische Sondierungen . . . 10 ; Wilckens, F.: Die Grundlage der Eigenpotentialmethode . . . . 25 ; Hellbardt, G.: Seismische Versuche auf einer Eisplatte . . . . . 41 ; Cipa, W.: Kurzbericht über einige erdmagnetische Untersuchungen an Lavaströmen und Tuffschloten in der Vordereifel . . . . 48 ; Schmidt, H.: Untersuchungen zur photoelektrischen Schwingzeitmessung . . . 53 ; ABSTRACT 1 [Argence, E.: Kritische Betrachtung der Wellenausbreitung in einem isotropen, absorbierenden Medium]: The influence of absorption on ionospheric short wave propagation is studied. We may handle the problem from two different view points: or with Epstein’s method (1930), or with those of Mc. Cullagh, Cauchy, Arzelies. The latter have been developed for the treatment of reflexion from metals. In this first part results obtained for reflexion from metals are used. ABSTRACT 3 [Wilckens, F.: Die Grundlage der Eigenpotentialmethode]: After a discussion of the contradictions in literature concerning the self-potential (SP) method, it is shown that the SP curve measured near ore bodies is mostly due to the potential drop on the boundary ore/electrolytes. This explanation is in accordance to the hitherto existing oxidation theory. Further problems are discussed concerning electrochemical actions near ore bodies and the surveying method of SP investigations. ABSTRACT 4 [Hellbardt, G.: Seismische Versuche auf einer Eisplatte]: The propagation of elastic waves in an ice-sheet was observed. Dilational, flexural and SH (=Love) waves were observed, as well as onsets not yet explained. The measured velocities and the elastic constants computed therefrom agree well with the results of other authors and with theory. The generation of the wave trains in the seismogram is discussed in a computation of the propagation of model pulses. ABSTRACT 5 [Cipa, W.: Kurzbericht über einige erdmagnetische Untersuchungen an Lavaströmen und Tuffschloten in der Vordereifel.]: Continuing the works of Ahrens (1932) und Kienow (1941) the author made researches with a magnetic verticalvariometer in the volcanic area of the Eifel. In the surroundings of Gillenfeld and Gerolstein-Hillesheim he ascertained the limitations of some lava flows, covered with tuffs and alluvions. The highly magnetic basaltic ashes made it possible to find out a volcanic vent and the form of some volcanoes, which only had produced tuffs. ABSTRACT 6 [Schmidt, H.:Untersuchungen zur photoelektrischen Schwingzeitmessung]: Motions of an oscillating magnet, horizontally suspended and movable in four rates of libration, have been computed. Hence it follows the shortest possible measuring-interval. A new method of optical puls-shortening is suggested, which gives higher precision in fixing a single passage than preceding methods. A apparatus for automatic measuring the period of oscillation is described and results are given.
    Description: RESUME 2 [Kunetz, G.: Einfluß vertikaler Schichten auf elektrische Sondierungen] : Cette note est principalement consacree ä l ’etude de la distribution des potentiels resultant de l’envoi d’un courant continu dans le sol, par une electrode ponctuelle, en presence d’ une couche plane tres mince et dont la resistivite celectrique est, soit tres elevee, soit au contraire tres basse,par rapport a celledu milieu environnant. On suppose d ’abord que cette couche est plongee dans un milieu homogene indefini, puis, considerant la couche comme verticale, on admet que le milieu environnant est limite’ vers le haut par la surface horizontale du sol et vers le bas par un substratum egalement horizontal, infiniment resistant ou infiniment conducteur au point de vue electrique.
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Wellen ; Eigenpotentialmethode ; Geomagnetismus ; Photoelektrische Schwingzeit ; Elektrische Sondierung ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Gutenberg, B.: Untersuchungen zur Bodenunruhe in Südkalifornien . . . 177 ; Strobach, K: Zum Studium der mikroseismischen Bodenunruhe in Hamburg . . . 190 ; Bibl, K, Dolobeau, F.: Ionosphärische Beobachtungen während der totalen Sonnenfinsternis vom 30. Iuni 1954. . . 215 ; In Memoriam Dr. Friedrich Trappe . . . 229 ; In Memoriam Dr. phil. Hubert Lückerath . . . 233 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Ionosphäre ; Sonnenfinsternis ; Atmosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Gutdeutsch, R. : Über Vielfacheinsätze elastischer Wellen an Schichten Teil 2 . . . 53 ; Petersen, N. : Untersuchungen magnetischer Eigenschaften von Titanomagnetiten im Basalt des Rauhen Kulm (Oberpfalz) in Verbindung mit elektronenmikroskopischer Beobachtung . . . 79 ; Krumm, H.-Chr.: Der weltzeitliche Tagesgang der Gewitterhäufigkeit . . . 85 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Wellen ; Magnetismus ; Gewitter ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Übersichtsartikel: REMER, M.: Das raumzeitliche Verhalten der Hochatmosphäre, erschlossen aus Bahnänderungen künstlicher Satelliten . . . 217 ; ASHOUR, A. A.: The Effect of the Earth‘s Conductivity on Ionosperic Shielding . . . 269 ; BROCKAMP, B. und H. RÜTER: Die Abhängigkeit der elastischen Parameter des Eisens vom hydrostatischen Druck bis zu 400 bar . . . 277 ; PROS, Z., J. VANĚK, K. KLÍMA und V. BABUŠKA: Experimentelle Untersuchungen des Wellenbildes bei der Ultraschall-Durchstrahlung einer Kugel . . . 287 ; SCHÖDEL, J. P.: On the Existence of Sometimes Considerable Transport Effects in the Nighttime Ionosphere . . . 297 ; NITZSCHE, P.: The dependence of ionospheric absorption of radio waves on equivalent frequency, with special emphasis on the winter anomaly . . . 303 ; Berichtigung und Ergänzung: HASSE, L.: Zum Einfluß von Instrumententrägheit . . . 311 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber: NIX, N.: Anreicherungsverfahren für atmosphärische Ionen mittels elektrostatischer Linse . . . 313 ; Kurzmitteilung . . . 315
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Ionosphäre ; Druck ; Wellen ; Ultraschall ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: SCHULT, A. and M. SCHOBER: Measurement of electrical conductivity of natural olivine at temperatures up to 950 °C and pressures up to 42 kbar . . . 105 ; STROBACH, K.: Über die Natur der elastischen Wellen der Seegangs-Mikroseismik . . . 113 ; FUCHS, K: On the properties of deep crustal reflectors . . . 133 ; VOPPEL, D.: Ein Spulentheodolit zur Messung der erdmagnetischen Komponenten mit dem Protonenmagnetometer . . . 151 ; FRITSCH, V. und A. F. TAUBER: Geoelektrische Untersuchungen von Salzwasservorkommen . . . 161 ; BEHRENS, J. und L. DRESEN: Eine Möglichkeit zur Laufzeitbestimmung reflektierter Wellen im Bereich der kritischen Entfernung . . . 175 ; WEIDELT, P.: Zur Tiefenlage und Größe des Dichtemaximums der induzierten Erdströme . . . 191 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber: ISRAËL, H., und N. NIX: Ein neues Verfahren zur Untersuchung von Kondensation und Verdampfung an Einzelteilchen von Kleinaerosolen . . . 207 ; ROSE‚ G. und H. U. WIDDEL: Zur Möglichkeit des direkten Nachweises vertikaler Luftbewegungen im Höhenbereich 75 - 80km . . . 211 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 213
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Protonenmagnetometer ; Physische Geografie ; Elektrik ; Geoelektrik ; Seismik ; Geomagnetismus ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: KAHLE, H.-G.: Abschätzung der Störungsmasse im Nördlinger Ries . . . 317 ; MÜLLER; G; Theoretical Seismograms for some Types of Point-sources in Layered Media Part III: Single Force and Dipole Sources of Arbitary Orientation . . . 347 ; EBEL, A., G. HARTMANN, R. LEITINGER, G. SCHMIDT, J. P. SCHÖDEL: Vergleichende Auswertung von Faraday-Effekt-Beobachtungen zweier Empfangsstationen . . . 373 ; EICHMEIER J.: Grenzbeweglichkeiten und Auflösungsvermögen eines Ionenbeweglichkeitsspektrometers mit plattenförmigem Aspirationskondensator . . . 413 ; BJÖRNSSON, A.: Aufzeichnung und Auswertung erdmagnetischer Pulsationen in Island und Göttingen . . . 419 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber: FUCHS, K.: The Method of Stationary Phase as a Diagnostic Aid in Estimating the Field Pattern of Body Waves Reflected from Transition Zones . . . 431 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 437
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Ionosphäre ; Geomagnetismus ; Wellen ; Gravitation ; Atmosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: SIEDLER, G.: Zum Mechanismus des Wasseraustausches zwischen dem Roten Meer und dem Golf von Aden ; JACOBY, W.: Schweremessungen auf Helgoland - Auswertung mit Ausgleichsverfahren ; PÍCHA, J .: Einige Ergebnisse der Erdgezeitenbeobachtungen in der ČSSR ; TOMCZAK, M.‚ jun.: Über winderzeugte interne Wellen ; HIRSCHLEBER, H. B. und H. MENZEL: Das Amplituden-Ladungs-Gesetz für Sprengungen im Kleinen Belt ; GUTDEUTSCH, R.: Modellseismische Experimente über die Ausbreitung von Rayleighwellen an keilförmigen Schichten ; SCHNEIDER, G., SCHICK, R. and H. BERCKHEMER: Fault-plane Solutions of Earthquakes in Baden-Württemberg ; JAESCHKE, R.: Upper Atmosphere Winds Deduced from Vapour Trail Drifts ; RAWER, K.: Ionosphären-Messungen bei zwei Raketen-Aufstiegen in der Sahara ; MÜHLEISEN, R.: Sferiks von ozeanischen Gewittern und luftelektrische Feldstärke über dem Atlantik während der Expedition 1965 des deutschen Forschungsschiffes „Meteor“ ; STEVELlNG, E.: Erdmagnetische Tiefensondierung mit 9 gleichzeitig registrierenden Pulsationsstationen zwischen Göttingen und Goslar ; VOELKER, H.: Beobachtungen von pt’s auf einer Stationskette von Nordskandinavien bis Deutschland ; ZÜRN, V.: Statistische Untersuchungen über langperiodische Pulsationen des erdmagnetischen Feldes ; SAXOV, S. and N. ABRAHAMSEN: Some Geophysical Investigations in the Faroe Islands ; SEIDL, D., MÜLLER, ST. und L. KNOPOFF: Dispersion von Rayleigh-Wellen in Südwestdeutschland und in den Alpen ; WANIEK‚ L. und V. SCHENK: Modellseismischer Beitrag zur Deutung des Krustenaufbaues in der bayerischen Molasse ; GIESE, P.: Neue Gesichtspunkte zur Gliederung der Erdkruste auf Grund refraktionsseismischer Messungen ; BERKTOLD, A.: Erste Auswertung von Messungen des zeitlich variablen erdmagnetischen Feldes entlang eines Profiles vom Oberpfälzer Wald bis zu den Kitzbüheler Alpen ; SENGPIEL, K.-P.: Das induzierte erdelektrische Feld, beobachtet längs zweier Profile durch die bayerische Molasse ; LATKA, R.: Modellrechnungen zur Induktion im elektrisch leitfähigen Untergrund ; FRITSCH, V.: Geoelektrische Probleme der elektrischen Bodenverfestigung ; SCHOPPER, J. R.: Untersuchungen über elektrische und hydraulische Eigenschaften poröser Gesteine ; SOFFEL, H. und N. PETERSEN: Druckabhängigkeit der magnetischen Bereichsstrukturen von natürlichem Magnetit ; RAMMNER, R.: Ausgewählte Beispiele geoelektrischer Meßtätigkeit ; DAVID, E.: Großmeteoriteneinschläge und Tektite ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Elektrodynamik ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravitation ; Hydraulik ; Hydrologie ; Ionosphäre ; Meteoriten ; Mineralogie ; Seismik ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: SOFFEL, H.: Stress dependence of the domain structure of natural magnetite . . . 63 ; KORSCHUNOW, A. : Mittlerer Tagesgang erdmagnetischer Pulsationen am Geophysikalischen Observatorium zu Fürstenfeldbruck in den Jahren 1960-1962 . . . 79 ; TRIPPLER, K.: Bericht über Untersuchungen zur ß-Aktivität der bodennahen Atmosphäre . . . 102 ; PUCHER, R.: Untersuchung magnetischer Eigenschaften an der Kontaktfläche zweier benachbarter Gesteinsarten . . . 113 ; Kurzmitteilung . . . 119 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber . . . 121 ; Verzeichnis der geophysikalischen Vorlesungen . . . 1 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Magnetismus ; Geomagnetismus ; Seismik ; Atmosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: VOLLAND, H.: The Flat Earth Approximation of the Theory of LF-Propagation . . . 127 ; GUHA, S.; Modellseismische Untersuchungen zur Entstehung der, reflektierten Refraktion . . . 139 ; GEYH, M. A.: Betrachtungen über 14C-Gemischtprobendatierungen . . . 154 ; MUNDRY, E.: Berechnung des gestörten geothermischen Feldes mit Hilfe eines Relaxations-verfahrens . . . 157 ; DOLEZALEK, H. and A. L. OSTER: Ion-Spectrometer for the Terrestrial Mesosphere and the Atmosphere of Mars . . . 163 ; DAVID, E.: Bemerkung zur Arbeit: „Der Zuwachs des Erdradius“ von G. EDER . . . 173 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber . . . 175 ; Mitteilung . . . 178 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Wellen ; Seismik ; Mars ; Geothermie ; C-14 ; Atmosphäre ; Astronomie ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Caloi, P.: The crust of the earth, from the Apennines to the Atlantic, reconstructed in accordance with the data supplied by seismic surveys . . . 65 ; Budde, E.: Bestimmung der Beweglichkeitskoeffizienten der Radiumemenation in Lockergesteinen . . . 96 ; Hahn, A.: Erfahrungen mit dem Torsions-Magnetometer Gfz der ASKANIAWERKE, Berlin . . . 106 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Radioaktivität ; Strahlung ; Magnetismus ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Lippmann, H. J.: Erdmagnetische Induktion in Leitfähigkeitseinlagerungen im Untergrund . . . 113 ; Untiedt, J.: Über die direkte Aufzeichnung erdmagnetischer Vektogramme . . . 125 ; Graeser, E, Lode W., Pott G.: Die Konstruktion gekrümmter Reflexionshorizonte bei gegebener variabler Geschwindigkeitsverteilung im Raum . . . 134 ; Oliwa, G: Die Schwere auf dem Niveausphäroid . . . 143 ; Boot, R.: Das WÜSTsche Lokalvariometer . . . 148 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geomagnetismus ; Seismik ; Gravitation ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Linke O., Chr.-U. Wagner: Die dynamischen Gleichungen in der Magnetosphäre II . . . 257 ; Prakash Prem: A residual method . . . 275 ; Homilius J.. Über die Auswertung geoelektrischer Sondierungskurven im Falle eines vielfach geschichteten Untergrundes . . . 282 ; Coroniti S. C.‚ H. Dolezalek, H. Israël: On the Electrical Feature of the Upper Stratosphere of Mesosphere . . . 301 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geophysik ; Atmosphäre ; Magnetosphäre ; Geoelektrik ; Stratosphere ; Mesosphere ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhalt: Bisztricsány, E.: On the problem of magnitude determination. ; Förtsch, O.: Ergebnisse seismischer Untersuchungen auf Gletschern der Ostalpen. ; Richter, G.: Über die Polarisation von SKS. ; Stefanescu, S. S.: Über die magnetische Wirkung einiger heterogener Medien in der elektrischen Bodenforschung. ; Vogler, G.: Die Grenzen der Anwendung von Erdungsmessern für Aufgaben in der angewandten Geophysik. ; Barta, G.: Über die Säkularbewegung des magnetischen Zentrums und der magnetischen Pole der Erde. ; Kertz, W.: Tages- und jahreszeitliche Variationen des erdmagnetischen äquatorialen Ringstromes. ; Schmucker, U.: Einige Ergebnisse der erdmagnetischen Tiefensondierung in Norddeutschland. ; Volland, H.: Modelle erdmagnetisch induzierter Ströme im inhomogenen Erdinnern. ; Frölich, F.: Zur magnetischen Stabilität von Erdkrustengesteinen. ; Luck, O.: Über den physikalischen Zustand der Materie im Erdinnern, ; Egyed, L. and Stegena, L.: Physical background of a dynamical Earth model, ; Dolezalek, H.: Die Problematik luftelektrisch-synoptischer Betrachtung. ; Israël, H.: Die luftelektrische Unruhe. ; Lucke, O. & Sparrer, H.: Die Gerätekonstante des elektrodynamischen Theodoliten des VEB WTBG, Berlin und die Vermessung der Primärspule mit dem Meßgerät des VEB Carl Zeiß, Jena. ; Reusche, H.-G.: Ein absoluter magnetischer Theodolit. ; Verö, J.: Über einige Ergebnisse des Erdstrom-Observatoriums bei Nagycenk in Ungarn. ; Schulze, R.: Die modernen Askania-Gravimeter: Erfahrungen, Verbesserungen und ihre Leistungsfähigkeit. ; Fanselau, G.: Über quadratische Mittelwerte des geomagnetischen Potentials. ; Grosse, S.: Ergebnisse gravimetrischer Regionalvermessungen im Westerzgebirge. ; Geier, S.: Die Berechnung von geoelektrischen Modellkurven bei beliebiger Elektroden-Anordnung auf horizontal geschichteten Medien. ; Neumenn, W.: Neue Untersuchung der irregulären geomagnetischen Anomalien bei Berggießhübel in Sachsen. ; Noßke, G. & Franke, R.: Einige Erfahrungen bei der geoelektrischen Kartierung von Mineralgängen, Spalten und Verschiebungen im Mittelgebirge. ; Rische, H.: Geschwindigkeitsbestimmung aus reflexionsseismischen Messungen bei Anwendung von Luftschüssen. ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Elektrodynamik ; Geodäsie ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Gletscher ; Gravitation ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Caputo, M.: Ein graphisches Verfahren für die Berechnung der vertikalen Komponente der Anziehungskraft zylindrischer Körper und dessen Anwendung für die Bestimmung der Gestalt von Gletscherbetten . . . 359 ; Strobach, K.: Morphologische Untersuchung mikroseismischer Bodenbewegungen nach stereoskopischen Vektorregistrierungen . . . 369 ; Belluigi, A.: Das skalare durch einen rechteckigen Impuls in einem homogenen Medium erzeugte Potential . . . 380 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geoelektrik ; Gletscher ; Gravitation ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Crustal Structure in Western Germany . . . 209 ; Bose, S. K.: A Wave Theory for the Generation of T-Waves . . . 235 ; Mälzer‚H.: Eine Tintenregistrierung für Seismographen . . . 245 ; Strobach, K.: Kolloquium der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft zum Schwerpunktprogramm: Geophysikalische Erforschung des tieferen Untergrundes Mitteleuropas . . . 249 ; Verzeichnis der geophysikalischen Vorlesungen an den deutschsprachigen Universitäten und Hochschulen . . . 254 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber . . . 258 ; Buchbesprechung . . . 260 ;
    Description: Waves
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Waves ; Wellen ; Geologie ; Mitteleuropa ; Germany ; Crustal Structure ; Seismographie ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Prodehl, C.: Auswertung von Refraktionsbeobachtungen im bayerischen Alpenvorland (Steinbruchsprengungen bei Eschenlohe 1958—1961) im Hinblick auf die Tiefenlage des Grundgebirges . . . 161 ; Hänsel, H.: Einige kritische Bemerkungen zu den Terrellaexperimenten von BLOCK . . . 182 ; Strobach, K.: Entstehung und Charakter der Mikroseismik als Resultantschwingung zahlreicher seismischer Oszillatoren . . . 192 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Reflexionsseismik ; Alpen ; Atmosphäre ; Geophysik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Hollinderbäumer, J.: Über die Ortung mikroseismischer Stürme . . . 209 ; David, E..: Dynamische Kompressibilitätsmessungen für hohe Drücke . . . 239 ; Rao, S. H.: Gutdeutsch, R. und Klußmann, J.: Aufbau einer modellseismischen Apparatur . . . 253 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Druck ; Erdkern ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Frölich, H: Strukturphysikalische Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Spinelltyp – Oxyde der Erdkruste . . . 65 ; In Memoriam Prof. Dr. Gerhard Krumbach . . . 117 ; ZUSAMMENFASSUNG [Frölich, H: Strukturphysikalische Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Spinelltyp – Oxyde der Erdkruste]: In Fortführung einer von den Eisenoxyden ausgehenden Arbeit [l] (im folgenden mit F I bezeichnet) werden nachstehend in dem erweiterten Rahmen der Erdrindenoxyde vom Spinellgittertypus eine Reihe von Zusammenhängen behandelt, die auf der Strukturphysik beruhen und in Einklang mit experimentellen Untersuchungsergebnissen stehen. Läßt sich auf diese Weise ein Teil der allgemeinen Spinellgegebenheiten verständlich machen, so steht zu erwarten, aus den Besonderheiten einzelner Spinellarten (so z.B. der Ferrite) weitere Folgerungen ableiten zu können. Dies war der Grund für die Einbeziehung der - magnetischerseits meist weniger interessierenden - weiteren Spinelloxyde. Es läßt sich zeigen, dal3 die Gesetzmäßigkeiten des Gesamterscheinungskomplexes der Spinellstrukturen auch im Bereich der Ferrite wirksam werden, insoweit als die charakteristischen Merkmale der letzteren und die sich hieraus ergebenden Zwangsläufigkeiten sie nicht überdecken. Einleitend wird - anknüpfend an die Ausführungen in F I - das Bindungsproblem mit seinen beiden Grenzfällen: der homöopolaren und der heteropolaren Bindung, sowie seinem Kriterium: der Elektronen-Aufenthaltswahrscheinlichkeit weitergeführt, wobei die Verhältnisse der Bindungsoptima mit einbezogen werden.
    Description: Frölich, H: Strukturphysikalische Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Spinelltyp – Oxyde der Erdkruste . . . 65 ; In Memoriam Prof. Dr. Gerhard Krumbach . . . 117 ; ABSTRACT [Frölich, H: Strukturphysikalische Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Spinelltyp - Oxyde der Erdkruste]: ln continuation of a paper [l] on the spinel oxides of iron a number of relations, bades on structure physics and consistent with the results of experimental research, in the following is discussed in the wider bounds of spinel oxides of the Earth’s crust. By interpreting a part of general properties of spinels it is to be expected one to be able to derive another conclusions from details of particular spinels (e.g. of the ferrites). This was the motive for ioining the other (magnetic less interesting) spinel oxides. lt can be shown, the general regularities of the structure of spinels being active also within the ferrites, as far as the characteristics of the latter not domineer. Initiating - in continuation of the cited paper - the problem of binding with its two limits: the homoeopolar and the heteropolar binding and its criterion: the probability of presence of electrons is discussed in connexion with the conditions of optimal bindings.
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Spinell ; spinel ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Brockamp, B.: Die Luftdruckschwankungen zu Münster/Westf., die durch die Explosion einer Bombe am 30. 10. 1961 über Nowaja Semlja verursacht wurden . . . 157 ; Liebscher, H.-J.: Reflexionshorizonte der tieferen Erdkruste im Bayerischen Alpenvorland, abgeleitet aus Ergebnissen der Reflexionsseismik . . . 162 ; Araschmid, A.: Über die Bündelung von Geophonen in der Refraktionsseismik . . . 185 ; Buchbesprechung . . . 208 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Luftdruck ; Reflexionsseismik ; Seismik ; Geophon ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Rose, G.: Über die Meteor-Ionisation im E-Bereich der Ionosphäre . . . 1 ; Rubel, F.: Die Erdbebenstation Bensberg bei Köln . . . 16 ; Kasemir, H. W.: Das Gewitter als Generator im luftelektrischen Stromkreis . . . 33 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Ionosphäre ; Seismik ; Gewitter ; Atmosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Mattern, G.: Über die Wistler-Beobachtungen des Taunus-Observatoriums . . . 265 ; Teupser, Ch. und Ullmann, W.: Ein neuer Horizontalseismograph mit galvanometrischer Registrierung . . . 272 ; Dohr, G.: Über die Beobachtungen von Reflexionen aus dem tieferen Untergrunde im Rahmen routinemäßiger reflexionsseismischer Messungen . . . 280 ; ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 1 [Mattern, G.: Über die Wistler-Beobachtungen des Taunus-Observatoriums]: Es werden die Registrierergebnisse einer zweieinhalb jährigen Reihe von Whistler- und Dawn Chorus-Beobachtungen anhand einer Reihe von graphischen Darstellungen erläutert. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 2 [Teupser, Ch. und Ullmann, W. : Ein neuer Horizontalseismograph mit galvanometrischer Registrierung]: Langperiodische Horizontalseismographen. welche die Bodenperioden in einem großen Intervall mit starker Vergrößerung getreu aufzeichnen, erfordern die Anwendung des elektrodynamischen Prinzips. Die direkte Registrierung ist wegen der zu hohen Neigungsempfindlichkeit unbrauchbar. Der hier beschriebene Horizontalseismograph zeichnet die Bodenbewegungen in einem Periodenintervall von 0,1 bis 15 s amplitudengetreu 1000-fach vergrößert auf. Die Arbeitsperiode des seismischen Empfängers beträgt 20 s, die Eigenperiode des stark gedämpften Galvanometers ist ls. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 3 [Dohr, G.: Über die Beobachtungen von Reflexionen aus dem tieferen Untergrunde im Rahmen routinemäßiger reflexionsseismischer Messungen]: Seit Anfang des Jahres 1958 wird bei einer Anzahl von seismischen Meßtrupps in Deutschland versucht, in routinemäßigen reflexionsseismischen Messungen Reflexionen mit großen Laufzeiten zu registrieren. Diese Arbeiten werden im Rahmen eines Schwerpunktprogrammes zur Erforschung des tieferen Untergrundes in Mitteleuropa im Auftrage der deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft durchgeführt. Das vorliegende Referat gibt einen Überblick über die bisherigen Ergebnisse dieses Programms. Die in vielen Arbeitsgebieten beobachteten Reflexe aus dem tieferen Untergrund werden besprochen und an Hand von Seismogrammbeispielen und statistischen Darstellungen diskutiert. Mit sehr großer Wahrscheinlichkeit kann angenommen werden, daß die Conrad - Diskontinuität in zahlreichen Registrierungen erfaßt wurde. Dies macht die Existenz dieser zusammenhängenden Unstetigkeitsfläche unter Mitteleuropa wahrscheinlich. Ihre Tiefenlage scheint jedoch entgegen herkömmlichen Vorstellungen starken Schwankungen unterworfen zu sein. Es wird auf die Möglichkeit hingewiesen, daß der Verlauf der Conrad-Diskontinuität der bekannten Tektonik oberflächennaher Schichten in manchen Gebieten weitgehend korrespondiert. In einigen Fällen sind auch Reflexionen aus dem Bereich der Mohorovicic-Diskontinuität beobachtet worden.
    Description: Mattern, G.: Über die Wistler-Beobachtungen des Taunus-Observatoriums . . . 265 ; Teupser, Ch. und Ullmann, W. : Ein neuer Horizontalseismograph mit galvanometrischer Registrierung . . . 272 ; Dohr, G.: Über die Beobachtungen von Reflexionen aus dem tieferen Untergrunde im Rahmen routinemäßiger reflexionsseismischer Messungen . . . 280 ; ABSTRACT 1 [Mattern, G.: Über die Wistler-Beobachtungen des Taunus-Observatoriums]: The present paper gives the results of whistlings and dawn chorus observations during a two year period. ABSTRACT 2 [Teupser, Ch. und Ullmann, W.: Ein neuer Horizontalseismograph mit galvanometrischer Registrierung]: Long-period horizontal-component seismographs which give a true response of the ground-displacement over a wide band of periods with a high magnification must be electromagnetic seismographs. The magnification of tilts have such an effect that the use of the methods with direct registration is impossible. The horizontal-component seismograph described in this paper gives an accurate record of the amplitudes of the ground-motion over a band of periods from 0,1 till 15 seconds. This instrument has a magnification of 1000. The period of the pendulum is 20 seconds and the overdamped galvanometer has a free period of 1 second. ABSTRACT 3 [Dohr, G.: Über die Beobachtungen von Reflexionen aus dem tieferen Untergrunde im Rahmen routinemäßiger reflexionsseismischer Messungen]: Since the beginning of the year 1958 a number of seismic crews in Germany have tried to record reflections with long travel time by routine reflection seismograph surveys. This work is done in the scope of a program for the exploration of the deeper underground in Middle Europe by order of the German Research Association. The following review gives a survey over the hitherto existing results of this program. The reflections of the deeper underground, observed in numerous areas are discussed by examples of seismic records and statistical Statements. The recorded reflections can be assigned to the Conr a d - Discontinuity with great probability. Due to this fact the existence of this uninterrupted discontinuity level in Middle Europe is probable. Its depth seems however being subjected to strong variations against the usual conception. The possibility is indicated that the structure of the Conrad-Discontinuity corresponds widely with the well known tectonic strata near the surface in some areas. Sometimes also reflections from the region of the Mohorovicic-Discontinuity have been observed.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismograph ; Reflexionsseismik ; Ionosphäre ; Wellen ; Atmosphäre ; Elektrodynamik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Gustav Heinrich Angenheister † . . . 113 ; Bibliographie Angenheister . . . 117 ; Fleischer, U.: Charakteristische erdmagnetische Baystörungen in Mitteleuropa . . . 120 ; Israel, H., u. G. Pries i: Luftelektrische Untersuchungen während der Sonnenfinsternis am 30. 6. 1954 . . . 137 ; Linsser, H.: Anwendungsmöglichkeiten transversaler Wellen in der Untertage-Seismik . . . 150 ; Strobach, K.:Die neue Erdbebenstation in Hamburg . . . 160 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geomagnetismus ; Sonnenfinsternis ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Dieminger, W.: Erdmagnetismus und Ionosphäre . . . . . . 167 ; Rawer‚K.: Die traditionellen Meßgrößen für die ”sporadische ES-Schicht” . 188 ; Jung‚ K.: Betrachtungen zum dreiachsigen Erdellipsoid . . . . . 201 ; Graf, A.: Das Problem der Schweremessung auf See mit Gravimetern . . 208 ; In Memoriam Dr. Karl Röpke . . . . .' . . . . . 219 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Gravitation ; Geomagnetismus ; Erdellipsoid ; Gravimetrie ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Mügge, R.: Das Grundwasser als geophysikalischer Indikator . . . 65 ; Burkard, O.: Studie zum geomagnetischen Effekt der F2-Schicht . . . 75 ; Rawer, K.‚ Argence, E.: Zur Entstehung der E-Schicht der lonosphäre . . . 84 ; Argence, E: Methoden zur Bestimmung der wahren Höhen der lonosphärenschichten . . . 91 ; Mattern, G.: Über „Sferics“-Registrierungen im Frequenzbereich bei etwa 1000 Hz. . . 104 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Hydrologie ; Geomagnetismus ; Ionosphäre ; Atmosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig)
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Pohl, W.: Messungen des ultraroten Strahlungsstromes in der freien Atmosphäre . . . l ; In Memoriam Dr. Ernst Wanner . . . 53 ; In Memoriam Prof. Dr. N C. Ludger Mintrop . . . 58 ; ZUSAMMENFASSUNG [Pohl, W.: Messungen des ultraroten Strahlungsstromes in der freien Atmosphäre]: Mit einem eigens entwickelten Strahlungsstrommesser, der einer Radiosonde angepaßt ist, wird der langwellige Strahlungsstrom unmittelbar bestimmt. Das Strahlungsmeßgerät enthält ein Doppelsystem aus nach oben und unten gerichteten, geschwärzten Plättchen mit eingebauten Heizungen. Die absorbierte Ultrarot-Energie bedingt jeweils Temperaturänderungen, die von den eigentlichen Meßelementen, nämlich eingebauten Halbleitern, als Widerstandsveränderung aufgenommen werden. Die Meßwerte werden mit einem Dezimeterwellensender (λ ≐ 75 cm) zur Bodenstelle gefunkt und dort registriert. Störungen, die durch die Ventilation des Instrumentes, durch sein Pendeln und durch die Strahlung der umgebenden Gegenstände verursacht werden, wurden untersucht und beseitigt bzw. durch Korrekturen berücksichtigt. Die Zeitkonstante des Strahlungsstrommessers beträgt je nach Höhe 2,0 - 0,7 min-1. Die Meßgenauigkeit wird auf ≦ 0,015 cal cm-2 min-1 , d.h. 5 bis 10% geschätzt. Die Messungen bei 6 nächtlichen Aufstiegen (größte erreichte Höhe über 18 000 m ü. NN) zeigen im wesentlichen: Der Strahlungsstrom nimmt mit der Höhe zu und erreicht in der Substratosphäre die Größe S = 0,3 - 0,4 cal cm-2 min-1 . In Höhe der Tropopause geht er stark zurück auf etwa S=0,23 cal cm-2 min-1 und behält etwa diese Größenordnung in der Stratosphäre. Die Struktur der Meßkurve ist stärker gegliedert, als die Rechnung ergibt. In weiten Bereichen der Troposphäre stimmen die ausgeglichenen Mittelwerte der Messungen mit der Berechnung einigermaßen überein, wenn mit der Stoßverbreiterungskorrektur nach Lorentz gerechnet wird. Die allein aus den Messungen berechneten Temperaturänderungsgeschwindigkeiten sind gegenüber den beobachteten Verhältnissen zu groß.
    Description: Pohl, W.: Messungen des ultraroten Strahlungsstromes in der freien Atmosphäre . . . l ; In Memoriam Dr. Ernst Wanner . . . 53 ; In Memoriam Prof. Dr. N C. Ludger Mintrop . . . 58 ; ABSTRACT [Pohl, W.: Messungen des ultraroten Strahlungsstromes in der freien Atmosphäre]: This essay reports of direct measurements of the net radiative flux in the free atmosphere with a Strahlungsstrom-meter expressly constructed on this purpose. The instrument was adapted to a radiosonde. It consists of a double system of up- and downwards facing blackened plates containing electric heatings. The absorbed infra-red energy causes temperature-variations which imply changes of resistance in the thermistors built in. The data are transmitted by a high-frequency-transmitter (403 mcsec-1) to the ground station to be recorded. Disturbances of the instrument by the ventilation, by its Swinging and by the radiation of the surrounding objects were proved and eliminated or regarded by corrections. The time-constant of the Strahlungsstrom-meter is 2.0 - 0.7 min-1 acc. to altitude. The accuracy is estimated ≦ 0.015 cal cm-2 min-1, i.e. 5 - 10% of the mean value. Six soundings were performed, the highest altitude being 59 100 ft. The measurements generally teach: The net radiation flux increases with height to S: 0.3 - 0.4 cal cm-2 min-1 in the substratosphere. Near the tropopause it decreases to S = 0.23 cal cm-2 min-1 and keeps this mean size in the stratosphere. The structure of the soundings is more irregular than by theory. In large parts of the troposphere the computed data agree with the levelled mean data of the measurements if the computation is carried out with the pressure broadening correction of Lorentz. The velocities of temperature - variations by radiation as computed with measurements are too high.
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Strahlung ; Ultrarot ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Übersichtsartikel: MEISSNER, R.: Der gegenwärtige Stand der Mondforschung 441 ; SCHMIDBAUER E: Magnetic properties of oxidized Fe – Cr spinels . . . 475 ; RÖSSLER, F., und D. BOCK: Messung des diffusen Himmelslichtes mittels Ballonen . . . 485 ; CREER, K. M., and N. PETERSEN: Thermochemical Magnetization in Basalts . . . 501 ; WILHELM, H.: das zeitliche Verhalten des erdmagnetischen Quadrupolfeldes von 1835-1965 . . . 517 ; JESKE, H.: die Feinstruktur des Brechungsindexfeldes in Höhen zwischen 50 und 2400 m über See . . . 529 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber: GOSE, W. A.: Bemerkungen zum Artikel von E. SCHENK: „Über die Magnetisierung der Tuffe und Paläosole im Paläovulkan des Vogelsbergs“ . . . 551 ; SCHENK, E.: Die Magnetisierung von Tuffen und Paläosolen. (Stellungnahme zu den Bemerkungen von W.A. Gose) . . . 553 ; Buchbesprechung und Kurzmitteilung . . . 556
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Mond ; Magnetismus ; Licht ; Geomagnetismus ; Vulkanismus ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: In Memoriam ERNST TAMS . . . 49 ; Liebscher, H. J.: Deutungsversuche für die Struktur der tieferen Erdkruste nach reflexionsseismischen und gravimetrischen Messungen im deutschen Alpenvorland (Teil I) . . . 51 ; Plaumann, S.: Schweremessungen auf dem zugefrorenen Steinhuder Meer . . . 97 ; Von neuen Erfindungen (von H. Friedemann) . . . 105 ; Verzeichnis der geophysikalischen Vorlesungen an den deutschsprachigen Universitäten und Hochschulen . . . 106 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 111 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Gravitation ; Gravimetrie ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: In memoriam JULIUS BARTELS . . . 113 ; Liebscher, H. J.: Deutungsversuche für die Struktur der tieferen Erdkruste nach reflexionsseismischen und gravimetrischen Messungen im deutschen Alpenvorland (Teil II) . . . 115 ; Wachholz, H., und G. Müller: Über einen Zusammenhang von Bruchfestigkeit und Schallgeschwindigkeit bei gefrorenen Erdschichten im Hinblick auf den Gefrierschachtbau . . . 127 ; v. Creytz, D.: Die Gezeiten- und Luftdruckwirkung im überfluteten Reichenbergschacht . . . 140 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber . . . 152 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 155 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Reflexionsseismik ; Gravimetrie ; Tiden ; Luftdruck ; Hydrologie ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: PARASNIS, D. S.: The electric potential and apparent resistivity due to a pair of long line electrodes in the presence of a vertical outropping vein . . . 261 ; MAYER, W.: Neuberechnung der BLUTschen Ergebnisse für Reflexion und Brechung elastischer Wellen an Unstetigkeitsflächen . . . 275 ; HELLENTHAL, W.: Magnetische Eigenschaften ferromagnetischer Granulate . . . 282 ; BOSE, S. K.: The Vertical Component of Lg and Rg. . . . 294 ; STILLER, S.: Freiluftisolator für luftelektrische Messungen . . . 301 ; Nachtrag zum Verzeichnis der geophysikalischen Vorlesungen an den deutschsprachigen Universitäten und Hochschulen (in Heft 5) . . . 307 ; Buchbesprechung . . . 307 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geophysik ; Elektrik ; Seismik ; Geomagnetismus ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: THYSSEN, F.: Die Temperaturabhängigkeit der P-Wellengeschwindigkeit in Gletschern und Inlandeisen . . . 65 ; DATTA, B. K.: Das Spektrum seismischer Wellen bei der Reflexion an einer Übergangsschicht . . . 80 ; SCHUCH, M. und R. WANKE: Strömungsspannungen in einigen Torf- und Sandproben . . . 94 ; SCHREIBER, H.: Ein analytischer Weg zur Bestimmung der Elektronendichte in der Magnetosphäre aus Whistler-Daten . . . 110 , BEHRENS, J. und W. WEIGEL: Bemerkungen zu Blubberbeobachtungen bei sprengseismischen Messungen auf See . . . 131 ; Kurzmitteilung: THYSSEN-BORNEMISZA, S.: Mit einem Seegravimeter bestimmte Horizontalgradienten . . . 143 ; Ergänzung zum Vorlesungsverzeichnis (Wintersemester 1966/67) . . . 145 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 145 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Geoelektrik ; Gletscher ; Torf ; Boden ; Atmosphäre ; Magnetosphäre ; Gravitation ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: STILKE, G.: Registrierung von Luftdruckwellen im Subschallgebiet . . . 147 ; SCHMELOVSKY, K. H. and D. FELKSE: Results from multifrequency observations of electron density with S 66 satellite . . . 155 ; JACOBY, W.: Zur Berechnung der Schwerewirkung beliebig geformter dreidimensionaler Massen mit digitalen Rechenmaschinen . . . 163 ; SCHEIDEGGER, A. E.: The Tectonic Stress in the Vicinity of the Alps . . . 167 ; KIRSTEN, G., VOLLSTÄDT, H., FRÖLICH, F.: Applications of the Neutron Diffraction Method to Decide Self Reversal and other Petrological Problems . . . 182 ; ISRAËL, H. und C. DE LA RIVA: Atmosphärische Radioaktivität und Austausch . . . 188 ; AHORNER, L.: Einige Bemerkungen zum Aufbau der Erdkruste in West-Deutschland auf Grund von Nahbeben-Untersuchungen . . . 193 ; GUTDEUTSCH, R. und H. MENZEL: Bemerkungen zur sogenannten 2-dimensionalen Theorie der Modellseismik . . . 200 ; Vorlesungsverzeichnis . . . 206 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 210 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Astronomie ; Atmosphäre ; Geologie ; Gravitation ; Luftdruck ; Mineralogie ; Radioaktivität ; Schall ; Seismik ; Tektonik ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Tagung im Jahre 1968 (deutsch und englisch) . . . 295/296 ; GEBRANDE, H.: Der Einfluß von Phasenumwandlungen auf Konvektionssströme im Erdmantel . . . 297 ; JUNG, K. und H. SCHAAF: Gravimetermessungen im Nördlinger Ries und seiner Umgebung, Abschätzung der gesamten Defizitmasse (mit Faltkarte) . . . . . . . 319 ; KEPPLER, E., KIRSCH, E.‚ MÖRL, P., MUSMANN, G., ROSSBACH, A. und L. ROSSBERG: Raketenexperiment zur Untersuchung von Nordlichtern . . . 346 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber: ISRAËL, H.: Bemerkungen zum Begriff der „luftelektrisch ungestörten“ Zeiten . . . 362 ; Verzeichnis der geophysikalischen Vorlesungen (Wintersemester 1967/68) . . . 364 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 368 ; Diesem Heft liegt eine Faltkarte bei.
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravitation ; Ionosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: S. P. DAS GUPTA: Effect of Low Velocity Layer in Earthquakes . . . 1 ; W. GIESEL: Geschwindigkeiten elastischer Wellen und Wärmeleitfähigkeit im Steinsalz . . . 9 ; N. HENZEL und O. STREBEL: Modelluntersuchungen über Tiefenverlagerung von Fallout in verschiedenen Böden . . . 33 ; H. ISRAËL and S. BJÖRNSSON: Radon (Rn222) and Thoron (Rn220) in soil air over Faults . . . 48 ; Nachtrag zum Vorlesungsverzeichnis (Wintersemester 1966/67; Heft 5/6) . . . 64 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Mineralogie ; Radioaktivität ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: SEILER, E. Und W. KERTZ: Der polare Elektrojet . . . 371 ; LORCH S.: Messung zeitlicher Wassergehaltsänderungen im Boden . . . 403 ; KAUTZLEBEN, H.: Zur Interpretation des geomagnetischen Hauptfeldes als vektorielles Zufallsfeld . . . 415 ; BORISEVIČ, E. S.: Sowjetische Geräte für die Erdbebenregistrierung . . . 425 ; R. MEISSNER: Vergleiche seismischer Weitwinkelmessungen in der UdSSR und im bayrischen Molassebecken . . . 439 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber: HIERONYMUS, H.: Eine Zweipolschollen-Hypothese der Kontinentverschiebung . . . 453 ; BURKHARDT, H., F. KELLER, G MÜLLER, O. ROSENBACH und R. VEES: Bemerkungen zur Einsatzmöglichkeit der Magnetband-Refraktionsapparaturen MARS 66 in großen Registrierentfernungen . . . 455 ; Kurzmitteilung: SCHULT, A.: The effect of hydrostatic pressure on the compensation temperature of magnetization in a Li-Cr-ferrite . . . 458 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 462 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Hydrologie ; Ionosphäre ; Magnetismus ; Mineralogie ; Seismik ; Seismographie ; Tektonik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: GIESE, P., C. PRODEHL und C. BEHNKE: Ergebnisse refraktionsseismischer Messungen 1965 zwischen dem Französischen Zentralmassiv und den Westalpen . . . 215 ; WAGNER, F. CH.: Die Stabilität einiger Serpentinitproben aus Granulitgebirge von Sachsen . . . 262 ; MÜHLEISEN‚R.: Über atlantische und tropische Gewitter . . . 273 ; Kurzmitteilung: TREUMANN, R.: Induktionspfeile über ideal horizontalen Schichtungen . . . 285 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber: LORCH, S.: Ein Gerät zur Messung der Geschwindigkeit (Betrag und Richtung) des Grundwassers in einem Bohrloch . . . 287 ; PROS, Z. und V. BABUŠKA: A Method for Investigating the Elastic Anisotropy on Spherical Rock Samples . . . 289 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 292 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Hydrologie ; Magnetismus ; Meteorologie ; Mineralogie ; Seismik ; Strahlung ; Elektrodynamik ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zum neuen Jahrgang . . . 1 ; Zur Denkschrift „Physik des Erdkörpers“ . . . 3 ; Jung, K.: neuere Gedanken und Ergebnisse über die Gestalt des Erdkörpers und die Verteilung der Massen im Erdinneren . . . 7 ; Müller, G.: Theoretical Seismograms for some Types of Point-sources in Layered Media Part I: Theory . . . 15 ; Dizioğlu, M. Y.: A Method for Determining True Chargeabilities of Vertical Discontinuities and its Application to Some Types of Lead-Zinc Ores in Turkey . . . 37 ; Zech, G.: Veränderungen der magnetischen Eigenschaften von Basaltsäulen seit dem Tertiär . . . 53 ; Eichmeier, J.: Die theoretischen Grundlagen und das Auflösungsvermögen von Aspirations-Beweglichkeitsspektrographen für atmosphärische Ionen . . . 69 ; Ebel, A.: Zeitliche Variation und Genauigkeit bei der Bestimmung der Höhenveränderlichkeit geomagnetischer Elemente, abgeleitet aus Normalfeldern für Mitteleuropa . . . 87 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber: Meissner, R.: Zur Deutung der hypsometrischen Kurven von Erde und Mond . . . 99 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 103 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Astronomie ; Atmosphäre ; Erz ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Ionen ; Magnetismus ; Mond ; Seismik ; Türkei ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: ISRAEL, H. and STILLER, S.: Climatological aspects of the natural radioactivity . . . 51 ; GROTEN, E.: Berechnung des Einflusses der Meeresgezeiten auf die Registrierung der Erdgezeiten in Neunkirchen/Siegerland . . . 57 ; FEHLHABER, L.: Einfluß außerirdischer Korpuskularströme auf das Magnetfeld der Erde . . . 65 ; FRIEDEMANN, H.: Von neuen Erfindungen. Anordnung zur Voranzeige bei seismischen Messungen auf See . . . 81 ; HELBIG, K.: Some Integrals of Magnetic Anomalies and Their Relation to the Parameters of the Disturbing Body . . . 83 ; Verzeichnis der geophysikalischen Vorlesungen an den deutschen Universitäten und Hochschulen . . . 97
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Klima ; Radioaktivität ; Tiden ; Geomagnetismus ; Seismik ; Magnetismus ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: In memoriam FRANZ HALLENBACH . . . 179 ; In memoriam RUDOLF TOMASCHEK . . . 181 ; SCHEIDEGGER, A. E.: Isallo Stress Prospecting . . . 183 ; REICH, H.: Kurzer Bericht über die Bohrung Wörnitzostheim im Nordlinger Ries . . . 200 ; ISRAEL, H. und J. RÖSSLER: Zum Sonnenaufgangseffekt im Längstwellengebiet . . . 207 ; VOSS, K.: Über die Gestalt und das Schwerefeld der Erde (Teil III) . . . 216 ; BEHRENS, J. und L. DRESEN: Ein experimentelles Verfahren zur Eliminierung von Störsignalen bei modellseismischen Untersuchungen . . . 232 ; Kurzmitteilungen: THYSSEN-BORNEMISZA, S.: Depth Estimation from Vertical Gravity Observations . . . 242 ; MATTERN, G.: Zusammenhänge zwischen Dawn chorus Beobachtungen und den Güteziffern des Funkverkehrs . . . 244 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Elektrodynamik ; Gravitation ; Wellen ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: Bibl, K.: Zur Dynamik der Ionosphäre . . . 1 ; Hellbardt, G.: Über die Grenzempfindlichkeit des asiatischen Spulenmagnetometers . . . 34 ; Reimer, L.: Magnetische Eigenschaften dünner ferromagnetischer Schichten . . . 53
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Ionosphäre ; Magnetismus ; Geomagnetismus ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: HOFMANN, H. und H. STILLER: Die Bestimmung der CURIEtemperaturen von natürlichen Magnetiten mit der Methode der thermodynamischen Koeffizienten . . . 267 ; EISEMANN‚E.: Der nächtliche Anstieg der F-Schicht der Ionosphäre . . . 280 ; ÖCAL,N.: Geometrical Solutions of Fault-plane Problem of Some of the Destructive Earthquakes Occurred in Anatolia in the Period 1938-1955 . . . 293 ; LEDERSTEGER, K.: Zur Theorie der WIECHERTmodelle . . . 310 ; DOLEZALEK, H.: On the Measurement of Electric Fields in Space . . . 318 ; Verzeichnis der geophysikalischen Vorlesungen . . . 330 ; Prof. Dr. HERMANN REICH zum 75. Geburtstag . . . 334 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Astronomie ; Elektrodynamik ; Ionosphäre ; Mineralogie ; Seismik ; Thermodynamik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: A Benguela Niño developed in November 2010 and lasted for 5 months along the Angolan and Namibian coastlines. Maximum amplitude was reached in January 2011 with an interannual monthly Sea Surface Temperature anomaly larger than 4 °C at the Angola Benguela Front. It was the warmest event since 1995. Consistent with previous Benguela Niños, this event was generated by a relaxation of the trade winds in the western equatorial Atlantic, which triggered a strong equatorial Kelvin wave propagating eastward along the equator and then southward along the southwest African coast. In the equatorial band, the associated ocean sub-surface temperature anomaly clearly shows up in data from the PIRATA mooring array. The dynamical signature is also detected by altimetry derived Sea Surface Height and is well reproduced by an Ocean Linear Model. In contrast to previous Benguela Niños, the initial propagation of sub-surface temperature anomalies along the equator started in October and the associated warming in the Angolan Benguela Front Zone followed on as early as November 2010. The warming was then advected further south in the Northern Benguela upwelling system as far as 25°S by an anomalously strong poleward sub-surface current. Demise of the event was triggered by stronger than normal easterly winds along the Equator in April and May 2011 leading to above normal shoaling of the thermocline along the Equator and the south-west African coastline off Angola and an associated abnormal equatorward current at the Angola Benguela Front in April and May 2011.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • Analytical and numerical methods are employed to investigate fluid flow in active mud volcanoes or SHHS. • The effects of conduit radius and fluid properties on the flow rate are presented. • Conduit radius of such piercement systems cannot exceed a few metres at depth. • Clasts, if not densely packed, will not affect the flow rate when they are smaller than a fifth of the conduit size. • A maximal exsolution depth between 1800 and 3200 m is inferred for CH4 and between 750 and 1000 m for CO2. Clastic eruptions involve the rapid ascension of sedimentary clasts together with fluids, gas and/or liquid phases that may further deform and brecciate the host rocks. These fluids transport the resulting mixture, called mud breccia, to the surface. Such eruptions are often associated with geological structures such as mud volcanoes, hydrothermal vent complexes and, more generally, piercement structures. They involve various processes, acting over a wide range of scales, which makes them a complex and challenging multi-phase system to model. Although piercement structures have been widely studied and discussed, only a few attempts have been made to model the dynamics of such clastic eruptions. The ongoing Lusi mud eruption, in the East Java back-arc basin, which began in May 2006, is a spectacular large scale clastic eruption. The Lusi eruptive behaviour has been extensively studied over the past decade and thus represents a unique opportunity to better understand ongoing clastic eruptions and thus fossil clastic systems. We use both analytical formulations and numerical models to investigate simple relationships between the mud breccia properties (density, viscosity, gas and clast content) and the volumetric flow rate. Our results show that the conduit radius of such piercement systems cannot exceed a few metres at depth, and that clasts, if not densely packed, will not affect the flow rate when they are smaller than a fifth of the conduit size. Using published data for the annual gas fluxes at Lusi, we infer a maximal depth at which exsolution starts. This occurs between 1800 m and 3200 m depth for methane and between 750 m and 1000 m for carbon dioxide. Based on annual gas fluxes, we estimate that the conduit radius should be no larger than 1.5 m to match the maximal mud discharge, recorded at Lusi.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Publication Date: 2021-04-23
    Description: The stoichiometric dissociation constants of carbonic acid ( and ) were determined by measurement of all four measurable parameters of the carbonate system (total alkalinity, total dissolved inorganic carbon, pH on the total proton scale, and CO2 fugacity) in natural seawater and seawater-derived brines, with a major ion composition equivalent to that Reference Seawater, to practical salinity (SP) 100 and from 25 °C to the freezing point of these solutions and –6 °C temperature minimum. These values, reported in the total proton scale, provide the first such determinations at below-zero temperatures and for SP 〉 50. The temperature (T, in Kelvin) and SP dependence of the current and (as negative common logarithms) within the salinity and temperature ranges of this study (33 ≤ SP ≤ 100, –6 °C ≤ t ≤ 25 °C) is described by the following best-fit equations: = –176.48 + 6.14528 – 0.127714 SP + 7.396×10–5 + (9914.37 – 622.886 + 29.714 SP) T–1 + (26.05129 – 0.666812 ) lnT (σ = 0.011, n = 62), and = –323.52692 + 27.557655 + 0.154922 SP – 2.48396×10–4 + (14763.287 – 1014.819 – 14.35223 SP) T–1 + (50.385807 – 4.4630415 ) lnT (σ = 0.020, n = 62). These functions are suitable for application to investigations of the carbonate system of internal sea ice brines with a conservative major ion composition relative to that of Reference Seawater and within the temperature and salinity ranges of this study.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Documenting the early tectonic and magmatic evolution of the Izu–Bonin–Mariana (IBM) arc system in the Western Pacific is critical for understanding the process and cause of subduction initiation along the current convergent margin between the Pacific and Philippine Sea plates. Forearc igneous sections provide firm evidence for seafloor spreading at the time of subduction initiation (52 Ma) and production of “forearc basalt”. Ocean floor drilling (International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 351) recovered basement-forming, low-Ti tholeiitic basalt crust formed shortly after subduction initiation but distal from the convergent margin (nominally reararc) of the future IBM arc (Amami Sankaku Basin: ASB). Radiometric dating of this basement gives an age range (49.3–46.8 Ma with a weighted average of 48.7 Ma) that overlaps that of basalt in the present-day IBM forearc, but up to 3.3 m.y. younger than the onset of forearc basalt activity. Similarity in age range and geochemical character between the reararc and forearc basalts implies that the ocean crust newly formed by seafloor spreading during subduction initiation extends from fore- to reararc of the present-day IBM arc. Given the age difference between the oldest forearc basalt and the ASB crust, asymmetric spreading caused by ridge migration might have taken place. This scenario for the formation of the ASB implies that the Mesozoic remnant arc terrane of the Daito Ridges comprised the overriding plate at subduction initiation. The juxtaposition of a relatively buoyant remnant arc terrane adjacent to an oceanic plate was more favourable for subduction initiation than would have been the case if both downgoing and overriding plates had been oceanic.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: other
    Format: other
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: The potential of crustose coralline algae as high-resolution archives of past ocean variability in mid- to high-latitudes has only recently been recognized. Few comparisons of coralline algal proxies, such as temperature-dependent algal magnesium to calcium (Mg/Ca) ratios, with in situ-measured surface ocean data exist, even rarer are well replicated records from individual sites. We present Mg/Ca records from nine coralline algal specimens (Clathromorphum compactum) from a single site in the Gulf of Maine, North Atlantic. Sections from algal mounds were analyzed using Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) yielding individual Mg/Ca records of up to 30 years in length. We first test intra- and intersample signal replication and show that algal Mg/Ca ratios are reproducible along several transects within individual sample specimens and between different samples from the same study site. In addition, LA-ICP-MS-derived Mg/Ca ratios are compared to electron microprobe (EMP) analyzed data on the longest-lived specimens and were found to be statistically commensurable. Second, we evaluate whether relationships between algal-based SST reconstructions and in situ temperature data can be improved by averaging Mg/Ca records from multiple algal specimens (intersample averages). We found that intersample averages yield stronger relationships to sea surface temperature (SST) data than Mg/Ca records derived from individual samples alone. Thus, Mg/Ca-based paleotemperature reconstructions from coralline algae can benefit from using multiple samples per site, and can expand temperature proxy precision from seasonal to monthly.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Changes in Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) strength exert a major influence on global atmospheric circulation patterns. However, the pacing and mechanisms of low-latitude responses to high-latitude forcing are insufficiently constrained so far. To elucidate the interaction of atmospheric and oceanic forcing in tropical South America during periods of major AMOC reductions (Heinrich Stadial 1 and the Younger Dryas) we generated a high-resolution foraminiferal multi-proxy record from off the Orinoco River based on Ba/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios, as well as stable isotope measurements. The data clearly indicate a three-phased structure of HS1 based on the reconfiguration of ocean currents in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. The initial phase (HS1a) is characterized by a diminished North Brazil Current, a southward displacement of the ITCZ, and moist conditions dominating northeastern Brazil. During subsequent HS1b, the NBC was even more diminished or yet reversed and the ITCZ shifted to its southernmost position. Hence, dryer conditions prevailed in northern South America, while eastern Brazil experienced maximally wet conditions. During the final stage, HS1c, conditions are similar to HS1a. The YD represents a smaller amplitude version of HS1 with a southward-shifted ITCZ. Our findings imply that the low-latitude continental climate response to high-latitude forcing is mediated by reconfigurations of surface ocean currents in low latitudes. Our new records demonstrate the extreme sensitivity of the terrestrial realm in tropical South America to abrupt perturbations in oceanic circulation during periods of unstable climate conditions.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: other
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Olivine-hosted inclusions of silicate and sulfide melts, Cr-spinel and pyroxene were studied to estimate magma composition, temperature, pressure, and fO2 at the onset and during the silicate-sulfide immiscibility in modern arc basalt from Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka arc. We demonstrate that the olivine phenocrysts hosting sulfide and silicate melt inclusions belong to the same population. The compositions of the silicate melt inclusions in most primitive olivine (88–91 mol% Fo) represent moderately oxidized (~ QFM + 1.1) high-MgO (up to 12–12.6 wt%) and high CaO/Al2O3 (0.8–1.2) melt that has abundances and ratios of the lithophile trace elements typical of island arc magmas. The initial volatile contents in parental Tolbachik magma are estimated from the melt inclusions and mass-balance considerations to be at least 4.9 wt% H2O, 2600 ppm S, 1100 ppm Cl, 550 ppm F, and 1200 ppm CO2. These data are used to calculate the temperature (~ 1220 °C) and minimum pressure (3 kbar) at which the beginning of crystallization and exsolution of sulfide melt took place. The presence of anhydrite, especially ubiquitous in the crystallized silicate melt associated with sulfide globules, suggest that much higher sulfur abundances prior to degassing and sulfate immiscibility and/or crystallization should be expected. We tentatively considered hydrothermal accumulations of sulfur (elemental, sulfate and sulfide) in the volcanic conduit responsible for local contamination and oversaturation of the Tolbachik magma in sulfur and related sulfide immiscibility. Coexisting sulfide and sulfate can be also interpreted in favor of the magmatic sulfide oxidation and related generation of S-rich fluids. Such fluids are expected to accumulate metals released from decomposed sulfide melts and supply significant epithermal mineralization, including native gold.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: other
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Coccoliths comprise a major fraction of the global carbonate sink. Therefore, changes in coccolithophores' Ca isotopic fractionation could affect seawater Ca isotopic composition, affecting interpretations of the global Ca cycle and related changes in seawater chemistry and climate. Despite this, a quantitative interpretation of coccolith Ca isotopic fractionation and a clear understanding of the mechanisms driving it are not yet available. Here, we address this gap in knowledge by developing a simple model (CaSri–Co) to track coccolith Ca isotopic fractionation during cellular Ca uptake and allocation to calcification. We then apply it to published and new δ44/40Ca and Sr/Ca data of cultured coccolithophores of the species Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica. We identify changes in calcification rates, Ca retention efficiency and solvation–desolvation rates as major drivers of the Ca isotopic fractionation and Sr/Ca variations observed in cultures. Higher calcification rates, higher Ca retention efficiencies and lower solvation–desolvation rates increase both coccolith Ca isotopic fractionation and Sr/Ca. Coccolith Ca isotopic fractionation is most sensitive to changes in solvation–desolvation rates. Changes in Ca retention efficiency may be a major driver of coccolith Sr/Ca variations in cultures. We suggest that substantial changes in the water structure strength caused by past changes in temperature could have induced significant changes in coccolithophores' Ca isotopic fractionation, potentially having some influence on seawater Ca isotopic composition. We also suggest a potential effect on Ca isotopic fractionation via modification of the solvation environment through cellular exudates, a hypothesis that remains to be tested.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Alphaproteobacterium strain MOLA1416, related to Mycoplana ramosa DSM 7292 and Chelativorans intermedius CC-MHSW-5 (93.6% 16S rRNA sequence identity) was isolated from the marine lichen, Lichina pygmaea and its chemical composition was characterized by a metabolomic network analysis using LC-MS/MS data. Twenty-five putative different compounds were revealed using a dereplication workflow based on MS/MS signatures available through GNPS (https://gnps.ucsd.edu/). In total, ten chemical families were highlighted including isocoumarins, macrolactones, erythrinan alkaloids, prodiginines, isoflavones, cyclohexane-diones, sterols, diketopiperazines, amino-acids and most likely glucocorticoids. Among those compounds, two known metabolites (13 and 26) were isolated and structurally identified and metabolite 26 showed a high cytotoxic activity against B16 melanoma cell lines with an IC50 0.6 ± 0.07 μg/mL.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights: • Lagrangian ocean analysis is a powerful way to analyse the output of ocean circulation models • We present a review of the Kinematic framework, available tools, and applications of Lagrangian ocean analysis • While there are unresolved questions, the framework is robust enough to be used widely in ocean modelling Abstract: Lagrangian analysis is a powerful way to analyse the output of ocean circulation models and other ocean velocity data such as from altimetry. In the Lagrangian approach, large sets of virtual particles are integrated within the three-dimensional, time-evolving velocity fields. Over several decades, a variety of tools and methods for this purpose have emerged. Here, we review the state of the art in the field of Lagrangian analysis of ocean velocity data, starting from a fundamental kinematic framework and with a focus on large-scale open ocean applications. Beyond the use of explicit velocity fields, we consider the influence of unresolved physics and dynamics on particle trajectories. We comprehensively list and discuss the tools currently available for tracking virtual particles. We then showcase some of the innovative applications of trajectory data, and conclude with some open questions and an outlook. The overall goal of this review paper is to reconcile some of the different techniques and methods in Lagrangian ocean analysis, while recognising the rich diversity of codes that have and continue to emerge, and the challenges of the coming age of petascale computing.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • Comparison of encrusting and rhodolith coralline algae for paleoclimate reconstruction • Both coralline algal forms can yield SST information, but encrusting forms generally yield higher correlations to SST. • Encrusting morphologies yielded longer records due to frequent growth irregularities in rhodoliths. Abstract Coralline algae have been used for sclerochronological studies throughout the last decade. These studies have focused on two different growth morphologies of the photosynthetic coralline algae: massive crusts forming small buildups on hard substrate, and free-living branching algal nodules, known as rhodoliths. The latter are generally found on soft-substrate, where they are frequently overturned by water movement and bottom feeding organisms, leaving one side of the rhodolith partially buried in the sediment at any given time. Here we test whether either of these growth morphologies is more suitable for proxy reconstructions by comparing Mg/Ca ratios – a temperature proxy – in multiple replicates of rhodoliths of Lithothamnion glaciale and in rhodoliths as well as encrusting specimens of Clathromorphum compactum. With both species being widespread throughout the Temperate and Arctic regions, we have chosen two North Atlantic localities at Nuuk Fjord, Greenland (Subarctic), and off the southeastern coast of Newfoundland, Canada (Temperate), for this study. Two to three Mg/Ca ratio transects spanning 18 years of growth were analysed on multiple specimens with encrusting morphologies and along different sides of rhodoliths using laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry and compared to remotely sensed sea surface temperature (SST) data. The length of the common time span used for comparison was limited by growth interruptions in rhodoliths. Furthermore, our comparison is based on the assumption that rhodolith growth increments are annual – an assumption that has recently been challenged by mesocosm studies. Monthly Mg/Ca values from multiple transects within each individual were compared and in samples from Nuuk fjord significant correlations were found in 4 of 4 encrusting C. compactum, 4 of 4 C. compactum rhodoliths, and 2 of 3 L. glaciale rhodoliths. In Newfoundland significant correlations were found in 6 of 6 encrusting C. compactum comparisons (average: r = 0.61, p 〈 0.001), and in 6 of 6 L. glaciale rhodolith comparisons (average: r = 0.43, p 〈 0.001) for monthly resolved time series. The monthly Mg/Ca ratios (n = 216) from each morphology were compared with instrumental Reynolds SST yielding the following correlations: encrusting C. compactum (r = 0.64, p 〈 0.001), C. compactum rhodolith (r = 0.62, p 〈 0.001) and L. glaciale (r = 0.58, p 〈 0.001). In Newfoundland both morphologies indicate a similar strength in recording SST: encrusting C. compactum (r = 0.85, p 〈 0.001) and rhodolith-forming L. glaciale (r = 0.84, p 〈 0.001). In summary, Mg/Ca ratios derived from both coralline algal growth forms can yield SST information, however, massive encrusting forms generally yield higher correlations to SST than transects measured on individual rhodoliths, which only allowed for the generation of short uninterrupted time series due to frequent growth irregularities.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: other
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: New biostratigraphical, geochemical, and magnetic evidence is synthesized with IODP Expedition 352 shipboard results to understand the sedimentary and tectono-magmatic development of the Izu–Bonin outer forearc region. The oceanic basement of the Izu–Bonin forearc was created by supra-subduction zone seafloor spreading during early Eocene (c. 50–51 Ma). Seafloor spreading created an irregular seafloor topography on which talus locally accumulated. Oxide-rich sediments accumulated above the igneous basement by mixing of hydrothermal and pelagic sediment. Basaltic volcanism was followed by a hiatus of up to 15 million years as a result of topographic isolation or sediment bypassing. Variably tuffaceous deep-sea sediments were deposited during Oligocene to early Miocene and from mid-Miocene to Pleistocene. The sediments ponded into extensional fault-controlled basins, whereas condensed sediments accumulated on a local basement high. Oligocene nannofossil ooze accumulated together with felsic tuff that was mainly derived from the nearby Izu–Bonin arc. Accumulation of radiolarian-bearing mud, silty clay, and hydrogenous metal oxides beneath the carbonate compensation depth (CCD) characterized the early Miocene, followed by middle Miocene–Pleistocene increased carbonate preservation, deepened CCD and tephra input from both the oceanic Izu–Bonin arc and the continental margin Honshu arc. The Izu–Bonin forearc basement formed in a near-equatorial setting, with late Mesozoic arc remnants to the west. Subduction-initiation magmatism is likely to have taken place near a pre-existing continent–oceanic crust boundary. The Izu–Bonin arc migrated northward and clockwise to collide with Honshu by early Miocene, strongly influencing regional sedimentation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Publication Date: 2021-04-23
    Description: The subterranean estuary (STE), the subsurface mixing zone of outflowing fresh groundwater and infiltrating seawater, is an area of extensive geochemical reactions that determine the composition of groundwater that flows into coastal environments. This study examined the porewater composition of a shallow STE (〈5 m depth) in Gloucester Point, VA (USA) over two years to determine seasonal variations in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and the reduced metabolites Fe, Mn, and sulfide. An additional aim of this study was to investigate the relative importance of salinity gradients (which have great geochemical influence in surface estuaries) versus redox gradients on STE geochemistry. Two freshwater endmembers were identified, between which redox potential and composition varied with depth-a shallow freshwater endmember was oxidizing and high in DOC, whereas a deep freshwater endmember was reducing, lower in DOC, and high in sulfide. Results showed that dissolved Fe, Mn, and sulfide varied along a redox gradient distinct from the salinity gradient, and that three-endmember mixing was required to quantify non-conservative chemical addition/removal in the STE. In addition to salinity, humic carbon was used as a quasi-conservative tracer to quantify mixing according to a three-endmember model. The vertical distributions of DOC and reduced metabolites remained approximately constant over time, but concentrations varied with season. Dissolved organic carbon concentrations were greatest in the summer, and shallow meteoric groundwater supplied the majority of DOC to the STE. In summer, there was additional evidence for shallow non-conservative addition of DOC. Dissolved Fe and Mn were highest in a subsurface plume through the middle of the STE (100-140 cm below sediment surface at the high tide line) which was characterized by higher concentrations and greater non-conservative addition in the winter. In contrast, sulfide was higher in summer at depths within the Fe and Mn plume (100-140 cm). We attribute the contrasting seasonal patterns of dissolved Fe, Mn, and sulfide to differences in microbial response to temperature changes and organic matter availability, and to competition at the ferrous-sulfidic transition zone between dissimilatory metal reduction and sulfate reduction, leading to sulfate/sulfur reducing bacteria (SRB) being more active in summer and metal reducers being more active in winter. Throughout the STE, seasonal temperature and DOC variations determined the spatial distribution and geochemical cycling of Fe, Mn, and sulfur.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights: • Comparison of global NEMO and FESOM configurations with emphasis on the Agulhas system. • Both models simulate a reasonable and comparable large-scale circulation. • Both models have individual strengths and weaknesses to match the observations of the WBC system. • The numerical cost of FESOM is twice the one of NEMO. Abstract: Many questions in ocean and climate modelling require the combined use of high resolution, global coverage and multi-decadal integration length. For this combination, even modern resources limit the use of traditional structured-mesh grids. Here we compare two approaches: A high-resolution grid nested into a global model at coarser resolution (NEMO with AGRIF) and an unstructured-mesh grid (FESOM) which allows to variably enhance resolution where desired. The Agulhas system around South Africa is used as a testcase, providing an energetic interplay of a strong western boundary current and mesoscale dynamics. Its open setting into the horizontal and global overturning circulations also requires global coverage. Both model configurations simulate a reasonable large-scale circulation. Distribution and temporal variability of the wind-driven circulation are quite comparable due to the same atmospheric forcing. However, the overturning circulation differs, owing each model's ability to represent formation and spreading of deep water masses. In terms of regional, high-resolution dynamics, all elements of the Agulhas system are well represented. Owing to the strong nonlinearity in the system, Agulhas Current transports of both configurations and in comparison with observations differ in strength and temporal variability. Similar decadal trends in Agulhas Current transport and Agulhas leakage are linked to the trends in wind forcing. Although the number of 3D wet grid points used in FESOM is similar to that in the nested NEMO, FESOM uses about two times the number of CPUs to obtain the same model throughput (in terms of simulated model years per day). This is feasible due to the high scalability of the FESOM code.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • Widespread Holocene tephra KHG, from Kamchatka, is found as a cryptotephra in the NGRIP ice-core. • This is the first identification of tephra from the Kamchatka Peninsula in Greenland ice. • NGRIP KHG has an age of 7872 ± 50 a BP and improves age models for Kamchatka. • Existing 14C age estimates for the KHG eruption are too young. Abstract Contiguous sampling of Holocene ice from the NGRIP core, Greenland, has revealed a new rhyolitic cryptotephra that is geochemically identical to the KHG tephra, a widespread marker deposit originating from the Khangar volcano, Kamchatka. This is the first identification of tephra from the Kamchatka Peninsula in Greenland ice and the first finding of the KHG tephra outside Kamchatka. The NGRIP KHG has an age of 7872 ± 50 a BP 1950, and this date will help improve age models for Kamchatka, where existing age estimates of KHG are too young, thus highlighting the importance of locating long-range, low-concentration cryptotephra deposits in well-dated ice cores. In Greenland KHG is located close to the termination of the 8.2 ka BP cooling event that is also a climate feature in palaeo-records of Kamchatka. This tie-point therefore provides a unique opportunity to synchronise records of environmental change in distal locations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: other
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • Active hydrothermal vent ecosystems are extremely rare. • Vent ecosystems are recognized as vulnerable by international organizations. • Mineral resources at active vents would not contribute significantly to the global metal supply. • Effective networks that protect representative active vents cannot be ensured. • A prohibition on mining active vents is consistent with obligations for conservation. Abstract There is increasing interest in mining minerals on the seabed, including seafloor massive sulfide deposits that form at hydrothermal vents. The International Seabed Authority is currently drafting a Mining Code, including environmental regulations, for polymetallic sulfides and other mineral exploitation on the seabed in the area beyond national jurisdictions. This paper summarizes 1) the ecological vulnerability of active vent ecosystems and aspects of this vulnerability that remain subject to conjecture, 2) evidence for limited mineral resource opportunity at active vents, 3) non-extractive values of active vent ecosystems, 4) precedents and international obligations for protection of hydrothermal vents, and 5) obligations of the International Seabed Authority under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea for protection of the marine environment from the impacts of mining. Heterogeneity of active vent ecosystems makes it extremely challenging to identify “representative” systems for any regional, area-based management approach to conservation. Protection of active vent ecosystems from mining impacts (direct and indirect) would set aside only a small fraction of the international seabed and its mineral resources, would contribute to international obligations for marine conservation, would have non-extractive benefits, and would be a precautionary approach.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: From protists to humans, all animals and plants are inhabited by microbial organisms. There is an increasing appreciation that these resident microbes influence the fitness of their plant and animal hosts, ultimately forming a metaorganism consisting of a uni- or multicellular host and a community of associated microorganisms. Research on host–microbe interactions has become an emerging cross-disciplinary field. In both vertebrates and invertebrates a complex microbiome confers immunological, metabolic and behavioural benefits; conversely, its disturbance can contribute to the development of disease states. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling the interactions within a metaorganism are poorly understood and many key interactions between the associated organisms remain unknown. In this perspective article, we outline some of the issues in interspecies interactions and in particular address the question of how metaorganisms react and adapt to inputs from extreme environments such as deserts, the intertidal zone, oligothrophic seas, and hydrothermal vents
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • In cold seeps of Guaymas Basin, aragonite, barite and pyrite precipitated from modified seawater. • Aragonite is highly depleted in 13C suggesting formation via anaerobic oxidation of methane. • Barite formed through mixing of reducing, Ba-rich seep fluids with a 34S-rich sulfate pool. • Pyrite framboids formed under anoxic-sulfidic water via microbial sulfate reduction. Abstract Authigenic carbonate crusts, surface muds and bivalve shell fragments have been recovered from inactive and active recently discovered cold seep sites in central Guaymas Basin. In this study, for first time, redox conditions and fluid sources involved in mineral precipitation were investigated by analyzing the mineralogy and textures of surface samples, along with skeletal contents, and C, O and S isotopes variations. The δ13C values of aragonitic bivalve shells and non-skeletal carbonate from some surface muds (1‰ to −3.7‰ V-PDB) suggest that carbonate precipitated from ambient dissolved inorganic carbon, whereas fibrous aragonite cement and non-skeletal carbonate from other sites are highly depleted in 13C (down to −47.6‰ V-PDB), suggesting formation via anaerobic oxidation of methane, characteristic of methane seepage environments. δ18O in most of the carbonates varies from +1.4‰ to +3.2‰ V-PDB, indicating that they formed from slightly modified seawater. Some non-skeletal carbonate grains from surface muds have lower δ18O values (−12.5‰ to −8.2‰ V-PDB) reflecting the influence of 18O-depleted pore water. Size distribution of pyrite framboids (mean value: 3.1 μm) scattered within diatomaceous sinter suggests formation from anoxic-sulfidic bottom waters. δ34S in pyrite is of −0.3‰ V-CDT compared to +46.6‰ V-CDT in barite, thus implying a fluid sulfate−sulfide fractionation of 21.3‰ that argues in favor of microbial sulfate reduction as the processes that mediated pyrite framboid formation, in a semi-closed system. Barite formation occurred through the mixing of reducing and Ba-rich seep fluids with a 34S-enriched sulfate pool that resulted from microbial sulfate reduction in a semi-closed system. The chemical composition of aragonite cement, barite and pyrite suggest mineral precipitation from modified seawater. Taken together, our data suggest that mineralization at the studied seep sites is controlled by the mixing of seawater with minor amounts of hydrothermal fluids, and oxygen-depleted conditions favoring anaerobic microbial processes.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: The submerged portions of the North-Anatolian Fault (NAF) in the Sea of Marmara and the NE-Aegean Sea are sites of large magnitude earthquakes, that leave diagnostic geological “signatures” in the sedimentary record in the form of mass-wasting deposits, turbidites, and fluid and gas escape features. This is due to the interplay of seismic-shaking, mass- and turbidity flows, sediment resuspension and fluids circulation in relatively small sub-basins with a complex paleo-oceanography, steep slopes, high rates of deformation, and diffuse fault-controlled gas and fluid seeps. To unravel the complex interrelations of these phenomena during earthquake cycles, we carried out paleoseismological studies at several key locations. Here, we report results of these studies, carried out onboard the R/V Urania over a decade, starting soon after the Mw 7.4, 1999 İzmit earthquake. Our work included high resolution mapping of active faults through multibeam bathymetry and high resolution seismic reflection profiles, multi-parameter analysis of sediment cores, as well as seafloor observations using sensors mounted on remotely-operated vehicles (ROV). The main objectives were to map active faults, determine slip-rates and earthquake recurrence times along major fault strands, and assess connections between fault deformation and fluid activity. We mapped fault geometry in the gulfs of İzmit, Gemlik and Saros, showing the trans-tensive nature of these depressions. The average slip-rates for the last ~ 10 ka was found to be 10 mm/y in the gulfs of İzmit and Saros, at the eastern and the western ends of the NAF northern strand, and 3–4 mm/yr in the Gulf of Gemlik, along the middle strand of the NAF. These rates, integrated over 10 ka of NAF activity, are smaller than those determined by the GPS geodetic measurements. Submarine paleoseismological studies in the Gulf of İzmit detected the sedimentary records of earthquakes for the last 2.4 ka, suggesting an average recurrence time of 300 years for major events. Multisensor observations and monitoring of the seafloor have shown widespread emissions of gas and fluids along the submerged part of the NAF, associated with reduced black sediments; we investigated their possible connection with the earthquake cycle.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • Four of the seven seamounts northeast of the Galápagos Platform are drowned islands • The ages of the seamounts range from 5.2 Ma to 0.5 Ma • Seamount morphology changes from conical to elongate at ~1.5 Ma • The locus of volcanism appears to migrate eastward at the rate of Nazca plate motion Abstract We present new geochemical and 40Ar/39Ar analyses from seven seamounts located off the northeastern margin of the shallow Galápagos Platform. Initial volcanism at 5.2 Ma created a small island (Pico) over the current location of the hotspot with geochemically enriched lavas. There is no further record of magmatism in the study area until 3.8 to 2.5 Ma, during which four roughly conical volcanoes (Sunray, Grande, Fitzroy, and Beagle) formed through eruption of lavas derived from a depleted mantle source. Sunray, Fitzroy, and Grande were islands that existed for ~3 m.y. ending with the submergence of Fitzroy at ~0.5 Ma. The youngest seamounts, Largo and Iguana, do not appear to have been subaerial and were active at 1.3 Ma and 0.5 Ma, respectively, with the style of edifice changing from the previous large cones to E-W elongate, composite structures. The progression of magmatism suggests that Pico erupted near 91.5°W near the location of the Galápagos plume while the others formed well east of the plume center. If the locations of initial volcanism are calculated using the eastward velocity of the Nazca plate, there appears to be a progression of younger volcanism toward the east, opposite what would be expected from a fixed mantle plume source. The rate that initial volcanism moves eastward is close to the plate velocity. A combination of higher temperature and geochemical enrichment of the thickened lithosphere of the Galápagos platform could have provided a viscosity gradient at the boundary between the thick lithosphere and the thinner oceanic lithosphere to the northeast. As this boundary moved eastward with the Nazca plate, it progressively triggered shear-driven mantle upwelling and volcanism.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: other
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • Melt inclusions from southern Payenia have highly variable element enrichment • Magmas formed by mixing of asthenospheric high Nb/U and lithospheric low Nb/U melts • Low Nb/U type inclusions are similar in composition to alkaline lamprophyres • Low Nb/U melts were formed by fractionation of high Nb/U melts in the SCLM • The percolative fractional crystallization involved cpx, rutile and apatite Abstract We present major and trace element compositions of melt inclusions from three alkali basalts from the Río Colorado volcanic field in the Payenia backarc province, Argentina. Modeling of diffusion profiles around the inclusions showed that most inclusions equilibrated 〈14 days after formation, indicating a short crustal residence time for the magmas and nearly direct ascent through the crust. Despite overlapping host rock isotopic compositions, the inclusions show a large variation in their degree of enrichment, and display trends that we interpret as mixing between asthenospheric OIB-type low K2O-high Nb/U melts and enriched high K2O-low Nb/U lithospheric mantle melts similar in composition to alkaline lamprophyres. The low Nb/U magmas are excessively enriched in the elements Cs, Rb, Ba, Th, U, K, Pb and Cl relative to Nb, Ta and REEs. The enriched low Nb/U components are interpreted to have formed by percolative fractional crystallization of asthenospheric high Nb/U melts in the lithospheric mantle involving crystallization of clinopyroxene, apatite and rutile. The residual fluid-rich melts either mixed directly with new batches of high Nb/U melts or metasomatized and veined the lithospheric mantle which later re-melted during continued volcanism. The major element compositions of the high K2O-low Nb/U components are distinct for the whole rocks and melt inclusions, and most enriched inclusions have lower SiO2 and higher TiO2 contents indicating derivation by melting of amphibole-bearing veins. In contrast, most wr low Nb/U basalts have higher SiO2 and lower TiO2 and were most likely formed by melting of pyroxenitic veins or peridotitic metasomatized lithospheric mantle.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Elsevier
    In:  Marine and Petroleum Geology, 90 . pp. 1-9.
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: The spectacular Lusi eruption started in northeast Java, Indonesia, on May 29th, 2006, continuously erupting mud, water, gas, oil, and clasts ever since. Lusi provides an unprecedented opportunity to study the birth and the evolution of a large-scale and hot mud eruption. Lusi is interpreted as a hybrid between a traditional hydrocarbon-driven piercement structure (mud volcano) and a hydrothermal system fuelled by magmatic heat. Lusi is therefore an exciting natural laboratory for understanding analogue modern and palaeo-piercement systems such as mud volcanoes, sediment-hosted hydrothermal systems, and hydrothermal vent complexes. This special issue collects recent multidisciplinary work completed in the framework of the ERC-funded LUSI LAB project. These studies were conducted at and near Lusi. Contributions span across disciplines such as engineering, geochemistry, geophysics, geology and numerical modelling, including fieldwork, laboratory and theoretical approaches. The acquired results contribute to characterise the dynamics of complex interactions between volcanism and an ongoing erupting clastic system. Lusi still saves many mysteries that will be unravelled by future scientific investigations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Microplastics (〈5 mm) have been found in many fish species, from most marine environments. However, the mechanisms underlying microplastic ingestion by fish are still unclear, although they are important to determine the pathway of microplastics along marine food webs. Here we conducted experiments in the laboratory to examine microplastic ingestion (capture and swallowing) and egestion by juveniles of the planktivorous palm ruff, Seriolella violacea (Centrolophidae). As expected, fish captured preferentially black microplastics, similar to food pellets, whereas microplastics of other colours (blue, translucent, and yellow) were mostly co-captured when floating close to food pellets. Microplastics captured without food were almost always spit out, and were only swallowed when they were mixed with food in the fish's mouth. Food probably produced a ‘gustatory trap’ that impeded the fish to discriminate and reject the microplastics. Most fish (93% of total) egested all the microplastics after 7 days, on average, and 49 days at most, substantially longer than food pellets (〈2 days). No acute detrimental effects of microplastics on fish were observable, but potential sublethal effects of microplastics on the fish physiological and behavioural responses still need to be tested. This study highlights that visually-oriented planktivorous fish, many species of which are of commercial value and ecological importance within marine food webs, are susceptible to ingest microplastics resembling or floating close to their planktonic prey. Microplastic similarity to food, and food presence together with microplastics, influence the ingestion of microplastics by visually-oriented planktivorous fish.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • A carbonic anhydrase gene was identified from an hydrothermal vent metagenome. • The gene product LOGACA is a dimeric α-type carbonic anhydrase. • LOGACA is highly thermostable at alkaline pH. • Thermostability correlates with secondary structure, surface charges and ion pairs. Abstract Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are extremely fast enzymes, which have attracted much interest in the past due to their medical relevance and their biotechnological potential. An α-type CA gene was isolated from DNA derived from an active hydrothermal vent chimney, in an effort to identify novel CAs with suitable properties for CO2 capture. The gene product was recombinantly produced and characterized, revealing remarkable thermostability, also in the presence of high ionic strength alkaline conditions, which are used in some CO2 capture applications. The Tm was above 90 °C under all tested conditions. The enzyme was crystallized and the structure determined by molecular replacement, revealing a typical bacterial α-type CA non-covalent dimer, but not the disulphide mediated tetramer observed for the hyperthermophilic homologue used for molecular replacement, from Thermovibrio ammonificans. Structural comparison suggests that an increased secondary structure content, increased content of charges on the surface and ionic interactions compared to mesophilic enzymes, may be main structural sources of thermostability, as previously suggested for the homologue from Sulfurihydrogenibium yellowstonense.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • Improved position accuracy of up to 0.08 cm using SAPOS®-corrected DGNSS • High-resolution snippet backscatter to detect and monitor UXO and its environment • Combined evaluation of bathymetry, backscatter intensities, and sediments Abstract The present study reports the evaluation of snippet backscatter information gathered with a high-frequency multibeam echosounder system (200–400 kHz) due to their usability to detect ammunition of different sizes in shallow coastal waters. Besides the feasibility of the snippet backscatter data, it was focused on the attainable horizontal accuracy in comparison to side-scan sonar and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) surveys. The data was collected in shallow coastal waters of up to 18 m water depth (Baltic Sea) close to an ammunition dumping site characterized by an almost flat seafloor covered with sand and silt sediments. The analysis of the multibeam compared to sidescan data indicates the snippet backscatter to be a promising prospective method for ammunition detection and being able to improve horizontal position accuracy of up to 0.08 m.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Seafloor spreading at slow and ultraslow rates is often taken up by extension on large-offset faults called detachments, which exhume lower crustal and mantle rocks, and in some cases make up domed oceanic core complexes. The exposed footwall may reveal a characteristic pattern of spreading-parallel corrugations, the largest of which are clearly visible in multibeam bathymetric data, and whose nature and origin have been the subject of controversy. In order to tackle this debate, we use available nearbottom bathymetric surveys recently acquired with autonomous deep-sea vehicles over five corrugated detachments along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. With a spatial resolution of 2 m, these data allow us to compare the geometry of corrugations on oceanic detachments that are characterized by differing fault zone lithologies, and accommodate varying amounts of slip. The fault surfaces host corrugations with wavelengths of 10-250 m, while individual corrugations are finite in length, typically 100-500 m. Power spectra of profiles calculated across the corrugated fault surfaces reveal a common level of roughness, and indicate that the fault surfaces are not fractal. Since systematic variation in roughness with fault offset is not evident, we propose that portions of the exposed footwalls analyzed here record constant brittle strain. We assess three competing hypotheses for corrugation formation and find that the continuous casting and varying depth to brittle-ductile transition models cannot explain the observed corrugation geometry nor available geological observations. We suggest a model involving brittle strain localization on a network of linked fractures within a zone of finite thickness is a better explanation for the observations. This model explains corrugations on oceanic detachment faults exposed at the seafloor and on normal faults in the continents, and is consistent with recently imaged corrugations on a subduction zone megathrust. Hence fracture linkage and coalescence may give rise to corrugated fault zones, regardless of earlier deformation history and tectonic setting.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: The relationship between fisheries and marine spatial planning (MSP) is still widely unsettled. While several scientific studies highlight the strong relation between fisheries and MSP, as well as ways in which fisheries could be included in MSP, the actual integration of fisheries into MSP often fails. In this article, we review the state of the art and latest progress in research on various challenges in the integration of fisheries into MSP. The reviewed studies address a wide range of integration challenges, starting with techniques to analyse where fishermen actually fish, assessing the drivers for fishermen's behaviour, seasonal dynamics and long-term spatial changes of commercial fish species under various anthropogenic pressures along their successive life stages, the effects of spatial competition on fisheries and projections on those spaces that might become important fishing areas in the future, and finally, examining how fisheries could benefit from MSP. This paper gives an overview of the latest developments on concepts, tools, and methods. It becomes apparent that the spatial and temporal dynamics of fish and fisheries, as well as the definition of spatial preferences, remain major challenges, but that an integration of fisheries is already possible today
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • The Danube deep-sea fan offers best conditions for hydrate production. • Gas production out of a hypothetical methane hydrate reservoir was simulated. • Hazard assessment to investigate the hazard of production-induced slope failures. • Factor of Safety against slope failure is not affected by the production process. • Mobilized mass could hit the production site if landslide were to happen. Methane production from gas hydrate reservoirs is only economically viable for hydrate reservoirs in permeable sediments. The most suitable known prospect in European waters is the paleo Danube deep-sea fan in the Bulgarian exclusive economic zone in the Black Sea where a gas hydrate reservoir is found 60 m below the seafloor in water depths of about 1500 m. To investigate the hazards associated with gas production-induced slope failures we carried out a slope stability analysis for this area. Screening of the area based on multibeam bathymetry data shows that the area is overall stable with some critical slopes at the inner levees of the paleo channels. Hydrate production using the depressurization method will increase the effective stresses in the reservoir beyond pre-consolidation stress, which results in sediment compaction and seafloor subsidence. The modeling results show that subsidence would locally be in the order of up to 0.4 m, but it remains confined to the immediate vicinity above the production site. Our simulations show that the Factor of Safety against slope failure (1.27) is not affected by the production process, and it is more likely that a landslide is triggered by an earthquake than by production itself. If a landslide were to happen, the mobilized sediments on the most likely failure plane could generate a landslide that would hit the production site with velocities of up to 10 m s-1. This case study shows that even in the case of production from very shallow gas hydrate reservoirs the threat of naturally occurring slope failures may be greater than that of hydrate production itself and has to be considered carefully in hazard assessments.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Deep-sea ecosystems, limited by their inability to use primary production as a source of carbon, rely on other sources to maintain life. Sedimentation of organic carbon into the deep sea has been previously studied, however, the high biomass of sedimented Sargassum algae discovered during the VEMA Transit expedition in 2014/2015 to the southern North Atlantic, and its potential as a regular carbon input, has been an underestimated phenomenon. To determine the potential for this carbon flux, a literature survey of previous studies that estimated the abundance of surface water Sargassum was conducted. We compared these estimates with quantitative analyses of sedimented Sargassum appearing on photos taken with an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) directly above the abyssal sediment during the expedition. Organismal communities associated to Sargassum fluitans from surface waters were investigated and Sargassum samples collected from surface waters and the deep sea were biochemically analyzed (fatty acids, stable isotopes, C:N ratios) to determine degradation potential and the trophic significance within deep-sea communities. The estimated Sargassum biomass (fresh weight) in the deep sea (0.07 − 3.75 g/m2) was several times higher than that estimated from surface waters in the North Atlantic (0.024 – 0.84 g/m2). Biochemical analysis showed degradation of Sargassum occurring during sedimentation or in the deep sea, however, fatty acid and stable isotope analysis did not indicate direct trophic interactions between the algae and benthic organisms. Thus, it is assumed that components of the deep-sea microbial food web form an important link between the macroalgae and larger benthic organisms. Evaluation of the epifauna showed a diverse nano- micro-, meio, and macrofauna on surface Sargassum and maybe transported across the Atlantic, but we had no evidence for a vertical exchange of fauna components. The large-scale sedimentation of Sargassum forms an important trophic link between surface and benthic production and has to be further considered in the future as a regular carbon input to the deep-sea floor in the North Atlantic.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights: • First long-term study on microplastic in the marine environment • Case study based on a unique sample set from the highly human impacted Baltic Sea • Water column microplastic concentration constant over past three decades • Microplastic concentration in forage fish constant over past three decades • We hypothesise that household waste is the dominant source of Baltic marine plastics. Abstract Microplastic is considered a potential threat to marine life as it is ingested by a wide variety of species. Most studies on microplastic ingestion are short-term investigations and little is currently known about how this potential threat has developed over the last decades where global plastic production has increased exponentially. Here we present the first long-term study on microplastic in the marine environment, covering three decades from 1987 to 2015, based on a unique sample set originally collected and conserved for food web studies. We investigated the microplastic concentration in plankton samples and in digestive tracts of two economically and ecologically important planktivorous forage fish species, Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) and European sprat (Sprattus sprattus), in the Baltic Sea, an ecosystem which is under high anthropogenic pressure and has undergone considerable changes over the past decades. Surprisingly, neither the concentration of microplastic in the plankton samples nor in the digestive tracts changed significantly over the investigated time period. Average microplastic concentration in the plankton samples was 0.21±0.15particlesm-3. Of 814 fish examined, 20% contained plastic particles, of which 95% were characterized as microplastic (〈5mm) and of these 93% were fibres. There were no significant differences in the plastic content between species, locations, or time of day the fish were caught. However, fish size and microplastic in the digestive tracts were positively correlated, and the fish contained more plastic during summer than during spring, which may be explained by increased food uptake with size and seasonal differences in feeding activity. This study highlights that even though microplastic has been present in the Baltic environment and the digestive tracts of fishes for decades, the levels have not changed in this period. This underscores the need for greater understanding of how plastic is cycled through marine ecosystems. The stability of plastic concentration and contamination over time observed here indicates that the type and level of microplastic pollution may be more closely correlated to specific human activities in a region than to global plastic production and utilization as such.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Publication Date: 2021-03-19
    Description: Highlights: • We present the first hyperspectral image data from the deep seafloor. • The data were acquired with a new UHI in 4200 m water depth. • Supervised classification is able to detect manganese nodules and fauna. • The UHI is a promising tool for high-resolution seafloor exploration and monitoring. Abstract: Hyperspectral seafloor surveys using airborne or spaceborne sensors are generally limited to shallow coastal areas, due to the requirement for target illumination by sunlight. Deeper marine environments devoid of sunlight cannot be imaged by conventional hyperspectral imagers. Instead, a close-range, sunlight-independent hyperspectral survey approach is required. In this study, we present the first hyperspectral image data from the deep seafloor. The data were acquired in approximately 4200 m water depth using a new Underwater Hyperspectral Imager (UHI) mounted on a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). UHI data were recorded for 112 spectral bands between 378 nm and 805 nm, with a high spectral (4 nm) and spatial resolution (1 mm per image pixel). The study area was located in a manganese nodule field in the Peru Basin (SE Pacific), close to the DISCOL (DISturbance and reCOLonization) experimental area. To test whether underwater hyperspectral imaging can be used for detection and mapping of mineral deposits in potential deep-sea mining areas, we compared two supervised classification methods, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM). The results show that SVM is superior to SAM and is able to accurately detect nodule surfaces. The UHI therefore represents a promising tool for high-resolution seafloor exploration and characterisation prior to resource exploitation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights: • A High Resolution-LOPC and a FlowCAM were evaluated for ballast water monitoring. • Both instruments underestimated density compared to microscopy. • Size measurements can be affected by organism orientation and complex morphology. • Both tools might be particularly useful when working with a known community. Abstract: Many commercial ships will soon begin to use treatment systems to manage their ballast water and reduce the global transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens in accordance with upcoming International Maritime Organization regulations. As a result, rapid and accurate automated methods will be needed to monitoring compliance of ships' ballast water. We examined two automated particle counters for monitoring organisms ≥ 50 μm in minimum dimension: a High Resolution Laser Optical Plankton Counter (HR-LOPC), and a Flow Cytometer with digital imaging Microscope (FlowCAM), in comparison to traditional (manual) microscopy considering plankton concentration, size frequency distributions and particle size measurements. The automated tools tended to underestimate particle concentration compared to standard microscopy, but gave similar results in terms of relative abundance of individual taxa. For most taxa, particle size measurements generated by FlowCAM ABD (Area Based Diameter) were more similar to microscope measurements than were those by FlowCAM ESD (Equivalent Spherical Diameter), though there was a mismatch in size estimates for some organisms between the FlowCAM ABD and microscope due to orientation and complex morphology. When a single problematic taxon is very abundant, the resulting size frequency distribution curves can become skewed, as was observed with Asterionella in this study. In particular, special consideration is needed when utilizing automated tools to analyse samples containing colonial species. Re-analysis of the size frequency distributions with the removal of Asterionella from FlowCAM and microscope data resulted in more similar curves across methods with FlowCAM ABD having the best fit compared to the microscope, although microscope concentration estimates were still significantly higher than estimates from the other methods. The results of our study indicate that both automated tools can generate frequency distributions of particles that might be particularly useful if correction factors can be developed for known differences in well-studied aquatic ecosystems.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Publication Date: 2021-04-23
    Description: Highlights • Biogeochemical processes create CO2 sources/sinks by altering seawater AT and CT • Source/sink strength depends on local seawater ‘isocapnic quotient’ (Q) • Q depends on seawater temperature and the state of the marine carbonate system • Spatiotemporal variability in Q drives heterogeneous CO2 source/sink magnitude • Future warming and CO2 emissions will modify Q and the size of CO2 sources/sinks Abstract The ocean holds a large reservoir of carbon dioxide (CO2), and mitigates climate change through uptake of anthropogenic CO2. Fluxes of CO2 between the atmosphere and surface ocean are regulated by a number of physical and biogeochemical processes, resulting in a spatiotemporally heterogeneous CO2 distribution. Determining the influence of each individual process is useful for interpreting marine carbonate system observations, and is also necessary to investigate how changes in these drivers could affect air-sea CO2 exchange. Biogeochemical processes exert an influence primarily through modifying seawater dissolved inorganic carbon (CT) and total alkalinity (AT), thus changing the seawater partial pressure of CO2 (psw). Here, we propose a novel conceptual framework through which the size of the CO2 source or sink generated by any biogeochemical process, denoted Φ, can be evaluated. This is based on the ‘isocapnic quotient’ (Q), which defines the trajectory through (AT,CT) phase space for which there is no change in psw. We discuss the limitations and uncertainties inherent in this technique, which are negligible for most practical purposes, and its links with existing, related approaches. We investigate the effect on Φ of spatiotemporal heterogeneity in Q in the present day surface ocean for several key biogeochemical processes. This leads the magnitude of the CO2 source or sink generated by processes that modify AT to vary spatiotemporally. Finally, we consider how the strength of each process as a CO2 source or sink may change in a warmer, higher-CO2 future ocean.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • Complete upper Albian to early Turonian climate archive in drilled core from Tarfaya Basin. • Eccentricity pacing of mid Cretaceous OAE isotope excursions. • MCE and OAE2 associated with climate cooling and sea level fall. Abstract A 325 m long continuous succession of uppermost Albian to lower Turonian pelagic (outer shelf) deposits was recovered from a new drill site in the central part of the Tarfaya Basin (southern Morocco). Natural gamma ray wireline logging, carbonate and organic carbon content, bulk carbonate and organic carbon stable isotopes and X-ray fluorescence (XRF)-scanner derived elemental distribution data in combination with planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy indicate complete recovery of the Cenomanian Stage. This exceptional sediment archive allows to identify orbitally driven cyclic sedimentation patterns and to evaluate the pacing of climatic events and regional environmental change across the Albian-Cenomanian boundary (ACB), the mid-Cenomanian Event (MCE) and Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) in the latest Cenomanian. The deposition of organic-rich sediments in the Tarfaya Basin, likely driven by upwelling of nutrient-rich water masses, started during the latest Albian and intensified in two major steps following the MCE and the onset of OAE2. The duration and structure of the MCE and OAE2 carbon isotope excursions exhibit striking similarities, suggesting common driving mechanisms and climate-carbon cycle feedbacks. Both events were also associated with eustatic sea level falls, expressed as prominent sequence boundaries in the Tarfaya Basin. Based on the 405 kyr signal imprinted on the Natural Gamma Ray (NGR) and XRF-scanner derived Log(Zr/Rb) records, we estimate the duration of the Cenomanian Stage to be 4.8 ± 0.2 Myr.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Publication Date: 2021-04-23
    Description: Highlights • Pb concentrations and isotope ratios presented for GEOTRACES section GA06. • Northern and southern hemisphere water masses have distinct Pb isotope ratios. • Pb isotope ratios consistent with ventilation timescales of northern water masses. • Mixing complicates interpretation of Pb distributions in southern water masses. Abstract Anthropogenic emissions have dominated marine Pb sources during the past century. Here we present Pb concentrations and isotope compositions for ocean depth profiles collected in the eastern Tropical Atlantic Ocean (GEOTRACES section GA06), to trace the transfer of anthropogenic Pb into the ocean interior. Variations in Pb concentration and isotope composition were associated with changes in hydrography. Water masses ventilated in the southern hemisphere generally featured lower 206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/207Pb ratios than those ventilated in the northern hemisphere, in accordance with Pb isotope data of historic anthropogenic Pb emissions. The distributions of Pb concentrations and isotope compositions in northern sourced waters were consistent with differences in their ventilation timescales. For example, a Pb concentration maximum at intermediate depth (600–900 m, 35 pmol kg−1) in waters sourced from the Irminger/Labrador Seas, is associated with Pb isotope compositions (206Pb/207Pb = 1.1818–1.1824, 208Pb/207Pb = 2.4472–2.4483) indicative of northern hemispheric emissions during the 1950s and 1960s close to peak leaded petrol usage, and a transit time of ∼50–60 years. In contrast, North Atlantic Deep Water (2000–4000 m water depth) featured lower Pb concentrations and isotope compositions (206Pb/207Pb = 1.1762–1.184, 208Pb/207Pb = 2.4482–2.4545) indicative of northern hemispheric emissions during the 1910s and 1930s and a transit time of ∼80–100 years. This supports the notion that transient anthropogenic Pb inputs are predominantly transferred into the ocean interior by water mass transport. However, the interpretation of Pb concentration and isotope composition distributions in terms of ventilation timescales and pathways is complicated by (1) the chemical reactivity of Pb in the ocean, and (2) mixing of waters ventilated during different time periods. The complex effects of water mass mixing on Pb distributions is particularly apparent in seawater in the Tropical Atlantic Ocean which is ventilated from the southern hemisphere. In particular, South Atlantic Central Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water were dominated by anthropogenic Pb emitted during the last 50–100 years, despite estimates of much older average ventilation ages in this region.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: other
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: The larger area of and around the Early Iron Age fortress Heuneburg is focus of decades of archaeological excavations and observations. Additionally, to deciduous oak (Quercus sp.) known as the main timber during this period (Middle to Late Hallstatt c. 750–450 BCE), silver fir (Abies alba) was found recently on the Heuneburg plateau itself and its surroundings. Silver fir is now recognized being a significant source of timber during the Iron Age, in a region where its nowadays natural status is debated and its occurrence is rare. The aim of this study was to determine the possible source of the used timber, which might have been taken from the some 80 km distant Abies-rich Black Forest on the primary bed rock or from stands developed on younger geological formations nearer to the site. For this approach, radiogenic strontium isotope (87Sr/86Sr) analyses were performed on waterlogged wood and on charcoal remains buried in four archaeological contexts from Late Hallstatt period around the princely seat Heuneburg. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios were compared to those of living trees, soils and sediments with respect to the diverse geological background. The geological ground of the archaeological wood was narrowed down to molasse for three structures and to loess, moraine or mass chalk sites for one. The isotopic ratio thus points to growing sites more in the surrounding of the concerned archaeological sites and a more distant Black Forest source can be ruled out. Local evidence of Abies was additionally supported by palynological data from four archaeological sites and by anthracological data from a funeral context near the Heuneburg.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...