ALBERT

Description: The multibeam raw data has been cleaned, quality assured and processed using Teledyne CARIS HIPS and SIPS. Data products include ungridded soundings and a bathymetric grid (150 m resolution) in WGS84. The data processing and provision took place within The Nippon Foundation - GEBCO - Seabed 2030 Project. For map of transit track see doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.892784

Description: The multibeam raw data has been cleaned, quality assured and processed using Teledyne CARIS HIPS and SIPS. Data products include ungridded soundings, bathymetric grids (100 m resolution) and backscatter images (30 m resolution). The data processing and provision took place within The Nippon Foundation - GEBCO - Seabed 2030 Project. For map of transit track see doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.892785

Description: The multibeam echo sounder (MBES) data was collected from the 10.07.2022 (09:24 UTC) when leaving the Northern Mariana EEZ to the 18.07.2022 (00:24 UTC) before entering the EEZ close to the Aleutian Islands, Alaska with the Kongsberg EM122 on RV SONNE in the North Pacific Ocean (SO292/2). The deep-water MBES EM122 operates with an acoustic frequency of 12 kHz and a beam opening angle of 0.5° x 1°. The time, motion and position data (WGS84, geographic) was measured by the Kongsberg Seapath system on board. During the acquisition the echo sounder was monitored as well as settings and filter adjusted according to the environment. The transit speed was up to 13 knots. The swath opening angle was set between 60° and 65° resulting in a swath width of about 22 km in 5,000 m water depth. The Ping Mode was set to Auto, which enabled the system to use continuous wave pulses in shallow modes and frequency modulated pulses in deep modes. Further, high density and dual swath mode were continuously applied. As the data was collected during transit, no specific surveys were performed. When sound velocity related artefacts were noticed in the MBES data, the sound velocity profile in the MBES acquisition software SIS was updated. Profiles were measured using XSVs (Expendable Sound Velocity) up to a depth of 2,000 m on the 11.07.2022, 13.07.2022 and 16.07.2022. Additionally, synthetic SVPs extracted form the World Ocean Altlas 2009 from NOAA (Levitus, 2013) using the software "Sound Speed Manager" (developed by the UNH Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping and NOAA Coast Survey Development Laboratory (CSDL)) were applied. The SVP data is not part of this submission. The data was post-processed using the software QPS Qimera v.2.4.9. No further SVP re-computation, navigation correction or tide correction was applied. Erroneous depth measurements were deleted manually by using the swath and slice editor. The vertical datum is mean sea level (MSL). The cleaned data was exported in gsf format as well as bathymetric grids in a resolution of 100 m (geotiff format, projected coordinates WGS84/UTM zone 55N (EPSG: 32655).

Description: The multibeam echo sounder (MBES) data was collected from the 31.05.2019 (16:07 UTC) when leaving the Canadian EEZ to the 25.06.2019 (08:08 UTC) before entering the Japanese EEZ with the Kongsberg EM122 on RV SONNE in the North Pacific Ocean (SO268/3). The data collected in the Hawaiian (14.06.2019 08:56 UTC - 16.06.2019 18:50) and Japanese EEZ (23.06.2019 05:59 -24.06.2019 21:38 UTC) is not part of this data delivery. The deep-water MBES EM122 operates with an acoustic frequency of 12 kHz and a beam opening angle of 0.5° x 1°. The time, motion and position data (WGS84, geographic) was measured by the Kongsberg Seapath system on board. During the acquisition the echo sounder was monitored as well as settings and filter adjusted according to the environment. The transit speed was up to 13 knots. The swath opening angle was set between 60° and 65° resulting in a swath width of about 22 km in 5,000 m water depth. The ping mode was set to Auto, which enabled the system to use continuous wave pulses in shallow modes and frequency modulated pulses in deep modes. Further, high density and dual swath mode were continuously applied. As the data was collected during transit, no specific surveys were performed. During the cruise, eight sound velocity profiles (SVP) were derived from CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth) measurements and applied in the MBES acquisition software SIS to ensure correct depth measurements. Before the first SVP as taken, a synthetic SVP extracted from the Qoeld Ocean Atlas 2009 from NOAA (Levitus, 2013) using the software "Sound Speed Manager" (developed by the UNH Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping and NOAA Coast Survey Development Laboratory (CSDL)) was applied. The SVP data is not part of this submission. The data was post-processed using the software QPS Qimera. No further SVP re-computation, navigation correction or tide correction was applied. Erroneous depth measurements were deleted manually by using the swath and slice editor. The vertical datum is mean sea level (MSL). The cleaned data was exported as bathymetric grids in a resolution of 60 m (geotiff format, WGS84 (EPSG:4326)).

Description: The multibeam echo sounder Kongsberg EM122 was recording bathymetric and backscatter data from 25.01.2023 (07:21 UTC) to the 20.02.2023 (15:55 UTC) outside EEZs during the transit from Mindelo (Cabo Verde) to Punta Arenas (Chile). It operates with an acoustic frequency of about 12 kHz and has a beam opening of 2° x 2°. During MSM114/2 the fan opening angle was set between 110°- 120° in dependency of the backscattering characteristics of the seabed resulting in a swath width of about 15 km in 5,000 m water depth. The dual-swath mode was used, resulting in up to 2 x 288 beams per ping. The raw and unprocessed bathymetric and backscatter data is stored in Kongsberg format (*.all) each containing up to 30 min of data. The therein included time, motion and position data (WGS84, geographic) was measured by the Kongsberg Seapath system on board. During the acquisition the echo sounder was monitored as well as settings and filter adjusted according to the environment. Additionally, a small survey in the South Atlantic Ocean was performed on the 13.02.2023 south of the Cruzeiro do Sul Rift. A total of 45 CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth) stations were conducted during the cruise. Ten of them were imported into the MBES acquisition software SIS for improving the quality of the depth measurements. Two of them were deep-sea CTDs down to 4,000 m depth (31.01., 13.02.) and the other until 500 m respectively (26.01., 09.02., 11.02., 12.02., 13.02., 15.02., 16.02., 17.02.). The shallow SVPs (sound velocity profiles) were imported into the software "Sound Speed Manager" developed by NOAA Coast Survey and UNH CCOM/JHC and extended using the "World Ocean Atlas 2009" (WOA09) data base from NOAA (Levitius, 2013). When no measured SVP was available, SVPs were extracted from WOA09. This was done partially automatic once per hour. The SVP data is not part of this submission. The raw (*.all) files were imported into QPS Qimera 2.5.0. Erroneous depth measurements were deleted manually and automatically, using a spline filter. The SVPs were re-applied to the data using the "nearest in time" method. No further navigation or tide correction was done. The vertical datum is mean sea level (MSL). The cleaned data was exported in gsf format.

Description: The multibeam echo sounder (MBES) data was collected from the 24.11.2022 (02:52 UTC) to the 03.12.2022 (22:52 UTC) with the Kongsberg EM122 on RV Maria S. Merian during the transit from Cartagena (Colombia) to Las Palmas (Canary Islands, Spain) in the Atlantic Ocean. The deep-water MBES EM122 operates with an acoustic frequency of 12 kHz and a beam opening angle of 2° x 2°. The system was used in the dual-swath mode with up to 864 beams per ping. During the acquisition the echo sounder was monitored as well as settings and filter adjusted according to the environment. The swath opening angle was set between 65° and 70°. As the data was collected during transit, no specific survey was performed. Sound velocity profiles (SVP) were measured on the 23.11., 25.11., 29.11., and 30.11.22 with a CTD and applied in the MBES acquisition software SIS to ensure high quality measurement. The SVP data is not part of this submission but can be extracted from the *.all files. The data was post-processed using the software QPS Qimera. No further navigation or tide correction was applied. The SVP profiles were re-applied to the data by using the nearest in time. Erroneous depth measurements were deleted manually by using the swath and slice editor. The vertical datum is mean sea level (MSL). The cleaned data was exported as four bathymetric grids in a resolution of 100 m (tif format). The coordinate system for the grids varies in dependence of their location (WGS84 UTM21N (EPSG: 32621), UTM23N (EPSG: 32623), UTM25N (EPSG: 32625), UTM26N (EPSG: 32626)). The coordinate system is indicated in the file name.

Description: The multibeam echo sounder (MBES) data was collected from the 10.07.2022 (09:24 UTC) when leaving the Northern Mariana EEZ to the 18.07.2022 (00:24 UTC) before entering the EEZ close to the Aleutian Islands, Alaska with the Kongsberg EM122 on RV SONNE in the North Pacific Ocean (SO292/2). The deep-water MBES EM122 operates with an acoustic frequency of 12 kHz and a beam opening angle of 0.5° x 1°. The time, motion and position data (WGS84, geographic) was measured by the Kongsberg Seapath system on board. During the acquisition the echo sounder was monitored as well as settings and filter adjusted according to the environment. The transit speed was up to 13 knots. The swath opening angle was set between 60° and 65° resulting in a swath width of about 22 km in 5,000 m water depth. The Ping Mode was set to Auto, which enabled the system to use continuous wave pulses in shallow modes and frequency modulated pulses in deep modes. Further, high density and dual swath mode were continuously applied. As the data was collected during transit, no specific surveys were performed. When sound velocity related artefacts were noticed in the MBES data, the sound velocity profile in the MBES acquisition software SIS was updated. Profiles were measured using XSVs (Expendable Sound Velocity) up to a depth of 2,000 m on the 11.07.2022, 13.07.2022 and 16.07.2022. Additionally, synthetic SVPs extracted form the World Ocean Altlas 2009 from NOAA (Levitus, 2013) using the software "Sound Speed Manager" (developed by the UNH Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping and NOAA Coast Survey Development Laboratory (CSDL)) were applied. The SVP data is not part of this submission. The data was post-processed using the software QPS Qimera v.2.4.9. No further SVP re-computation, navigation correction or tide correction was applied. Erroneous depth measurements were deleted manually by using the swath and slice editor. The vertical datum is mean sea level (MSL). The cleaned data was exported in gsf format as well as bathymetric grids in a resolution of 100 m (geotiff format, projected coordinates WGS84/UTM zone 55N (EPSG: 32655).

Description: The multibeam echo sounder (MBES) data was collected from the 28.04.2019 (23:19 UTC) to the 07.05.2019 (16:42 UTC) with the Kongsberg EM122 on RV Maria S. Merian during the transit from Montevideo (Uruguay) to Las Palmas (Canary Islands, Spain) in the Southern Atlantic Ocean (MSM82/2). The deep-water MBES EM122 operates with an acoustic frequency of 12 kHz and a beam opening angle of 2° x 2°. The time, motion and position data (WGS84, geographic) was measured by the Kongsberg Seapath system on board. During the acquisition the echo sounder was monitored as well as settings and filter adjusted according to the environment. The swath opening angle was set between 65° and 70°. As the data was collected during transit, no specific survey was performed. Sound velocity profiles (SVP) were measured on the 01.05.2019 (XSV probe) and 04.05.2019 (with CTD) and applied in the MBES acquisition software SIS. To improve the bathymetric data before the first SVP measurement, an synthetic SVP extracted from the World Ocean Atlas 2009 (Levitus, 2013) using the software Sound Speed Manager (developed by the UNH Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping and NOAA Coast Survey Development Laboratory (CSDL)). The SVP data is not part of this submission. The data was post-processed using the software QPS Qimera. No further SVP re-computation, navigation correction or tide correction was applied. Erroneous depth measurements were deleted manually by using the swath and slice editor. The vertical datum is mean sea level (MSL). The cleaned data was exported bathymetric grids in a resolution of 100 m (geotiff format, projected coordinates WGS84/UTM zone 23S (EPSG: 32723) to 26S (EPSG: 32726) and 26N (EPSG: 32626)). The coordinate system is indicated in the file name.

Description: The multibeam echo sounder (MBES) data was collected from the 24.11.2022 (02:52 UTC) to the 03.12.2022 (22:52 UTC) with the Kongsberg EM122 on RV Maria S. Merian during the transit from Cartagena (Colombia) to Las Palmas (Canary Islands, Spain) in the Atlantic Ocean. The deep-water MBES EM122 operates with an acoustic frequency of 12 kHz and a beam opening angle of 2° x 2°. The system was used in the dual-swath mode with up to 864 beams per ping. During the acquisition the echo sounder was monitored as well as settings and filter adjusted according to the environment. The swath opening angle was set between 65° and 70°. As the data was collected during transit, no specific survey was performed. Sound velocity profiles (SVP) were measured on the 23.11., 25.11., 29.11., and 30.11.22 with a CTD and applied in the MBES acquisition software SIS to ensure high quality measurement. The SVP data is not part of this submission but can be extracted from the *.all files. The data was post-processed using the software QPS Qimera. No further navigation or tide correction was applied. The SVP profiles were re-applied to the data by using the nearest in time. Erroneous depth measurements were deleted manually by using the swath and slice editor. The vertical datum is mean sea level (MSL). The cleaned data was exported in gsf format.

Description: The multibeam echo sounder (MBES) data was collected from the 31.05.2019 (16:07 UTC) when leaving the Canadian EEZ to the 25.06.2019 (08:08 UTC) before entering the Japanese EEZ with the Kongsberg EM122 on RV SONNE in the North Pacific Ocean (SO268/3). The data collected in the Hawaiian (14.06.2019 08:56 UTC - 16.06.2019 18:50) and Japanese EEZ (23.06.2019 05:59 -24.06.2019 21:38 UTC) is not part of this data delivery. The deep-water MBES EM122 operates with an acoustic frequency of 12 kHz and a beam opening angle of 0.5° x 1°. The time, motion and position data (WGS84, geographic) was measured by the Kongsberg Seapath system on board. During the acquisition the echo sounder was monitored as well as settings and filter adjusted according to the environment. The transit speed was up to 13 knots. The swath opening angle was set between 60° and 65° resulting in a swath width of about 22 km in 5,000 m water depth. The ping mode was set to Auto, which enabled the system to use continuous wave pulses in shallow modes and frequency modulated pulses in deep modes. Further, high density and dual swath mode were continuously applied. As the data was collected during transit, no specific surveys were performed. During the cruise, eight sound velocity profiles (SVP) were derived from CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth) measurements and applied in the MBES acquisition software SIS to ensure correct depth measurements. Before the first SVP as taken, a synthetic SVP extracted from the Qoeld Ocean Atlas 2009 from NOAA (Levitus, 2013) using the software "Sound Speed Manager" (developed by the UNH Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping and NOAA Coast Survey Development Laboratory (CSDL)) was applied. The SVP data is not part of this submission. The data was post-processed using the software QPS Qimera. No further SVP re-computation, navigation correction or tide correction was applied. Erroneous depth measurements were deleted manually by using the swath and slice editor. The vertical datum is mean sea level (MSL). The cleaned data was exported in gsf format..