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  • Animals  (27,852)
  • Humans  (26,754)
  • Nuclear Structure
  • 1
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    How nature shaped echolocation in animals (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: Echolocation has evolved in different groups of animals, from bats and cetaceans to birds and humans, and enables localization and tracking of objects in a dynamic environment, where light levels may be very low or absent. Nature has shaped echolocation, an active sense that engages audiomotor feedback systems, which operates in diverse environments and situations. Echolocation production and perception vary across species, and signals are often adapted to the environment and task. In the last several decades, researchers have been studying the echolocation behavior of animals, both in the air and underwater, using different methodologies and perspectives. The result of these studies has led to rich knowledge on sound production mechanisms, directionality of the sound beam, signal design, echo reception and perception. Active control over echolocation signal production and the mechanisms for echo processing ultimately provide animals with an echoic scene or image of their surroundings. Sonar signal features directly influence the information available for the echolocating animal to perceive images of its environment. In many echolocating animals, the information processed through echoes elicits a reaction in motor systems, including adjustments in subsequent echolocation signals. We are interested in understanding how echolocating animals deal with different environments (e.g. clutter, light levels), tasks, distance to targets or objects, different prey types or other food sources, presence of conspecifics or certain predators, ambient and anthropogenic noise. In recent years, some researchers have presented new data on the origins of echolocation, which can provide a hint of its evolution. Theoreticians have addressed several issues that bear on echolocation systems, such as frequency or time resolution, target localization and beam-forming mechanisms. In this Research Topic we compiled recent work that elucidates how echolocation – from sound production, through echolocation signals to perception- has been shaped by nature functioning in different environments and situations. We strongly encouraged comparative approaches that would deepen our understanding of the processes comprising this active sense.
    Keywords: QP1-981 ; Q1-390 ; bats ; Biosonar ; Humans ; marine mammals ; sensory biology ; Birds ; Behavior ; Communication ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Calgary (2022)
    University of Calgary Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: How have our interactions with animals shaped Calgary? What can we do to ensure that humans and animals in the city continue to co-exist, and even flourish together? This wide-ranging book explores the ways that animals inhabit our city, our lives and our imaginations. Essays from animal historians, wildlife specialists, artists and writers address key issues such as human-wildlife interactions, livestock in the city, and animal performers at the Calgary Stampede. Contributions from some of Calgary's iconic arts institutions, including One Yellow Rabbit Performance Theatre, Decidedly Jazz Danceworks, and the Glenbow Museum, demonstrate how animals continue to be a source of inspiration and exploration for fashion, art, dance, and theatre. The full-colour volume is beautifully illustrated throughout with archival images, wildlife photography, documentary and production stills, and original artwork. Calgary: City of Animals is published in co-operation with the Calgary Institute for the Humanities.
    Keywords: Nature ; Animals ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Multispezies-Ethnographie (2021)
    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Wie werden Natur und Tiere durch die Multispezies-Ethnographie inklusiv in Forschungsprojekte integriert? Katharina Ameli fokussiert die inter- und multidisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit. Aus einer Untersuchung der Schnittstellen zwischen gesellschafts- und naturwissenschaftlich orientierten Fachdisziplinen ergibt sich eine komplexe Betrachtung von Natur, Mensch und Tier. Die Einblicke in Interdependenzen unterschiedlicher Fachdisziplinen verdeutlichen den Bedarf an einer Multispezies-Ethnographie zur Analyse von MenschenTiereNaturenKulturen.
    Keywords: Natur ; Mensch ; Tiere ; Naturverständnis ; Interdisziplinarität ; Qualitative Forschung ; Kultur ; Ethnographie ; Umwelt ; Tier ; Human-animal Studies ; Umweltsoziologie ; Kulturanthropologie ; Kultursoziologie ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Nature ; Human ; Animals ; Understanding of Nature ; Interdisciplinarity ; Qualitative Research ; Culture ; Ethnography ; Environment ; Animal ; Environmental Sociology ; Cultural Anthropology ; Sociology of Culture ; Cultural Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFU Animals and society ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNT Social impact of environmental issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
    Language: German
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  • 4
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    Chocolate and Health: Friend or Foe? (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: In the ancient past, cocoa has been appreciated as a high-calorie food to boost energy in soldiers and for its undefined medicinal and mystical properties. During other times, chocolate has been considered as the forbidden “food of God”: a treasure of pleasure for the mind and the soul. The overall perception of the consumer for chocolate was of a “charming” and appealing food with lots of negative aspects related to high sugar content leading to consider chocolate as “junk food” for its “obesigen” calories. Recently, in association with the renewed interest of nutrition science in alternative source of health-promoting foods and ingredients, a large body of research has been conducted to unravel the pro and cons of cocoa in relation to human health. Epidemiological evidences indicate that cocoa consumption helps preventing cardiovascular disease for its high content in bioactive flavonoids. Clinical trials show that chocolate consumption might improve vascular function, decreasing platelet aggregation and display an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. The putative protective action of cocoa seems to be multi-factorial and involving different aspects of vascular, antioxidant and endothelial function. However, the mechanism(s) that account for the benefits of cocoa it is still unclear. The aim of this Research Topic is therefore to provide the reader with an objective picture of the state of art on the association between cocoa and health, mainly through the evidences of human trials; overwhelmingly considered the golden standard for nutritional science. The Research Topic will cover the analysis of the manufacturing processes of the chocolate and the antioxidant effects in humans as well as the majority of the putative health effects of chocolate and cocoa, such as anti-inflammatory properties, effect on immunity, platelet aggregation, blood pressure, endothelial function and cognitive behavior. Unraveling the functional properties of cocoa will help to understand if the 'food of God' is a primordial gift for the health of mankind.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC581-607 ; TX341-641 ; Antioxidants ; Obesity ; Flavonoids ; Humans ; Chocolate ; Blood pressure ; Inflammation ; Cognitive function ; Cocoa ; Immunity
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Animal Metropolis (2022)
    University of Calgary Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: Animal Metropolis brings a Canadian perspective to the growing field of animal history, ranging across species and cities, from the beavers who engineered Stanley Park to the carthorses who shaped the city of Montreal. Some essays consider animals as spectacle: orca captivity in Vancouver, polar bear tourism in Churchill, Manitoba, fish on display in the Dominion Fisheries Museum, and the racialized memory of Jumbo the elephant in St. Thomas, Ontario. Others examine the bodily intimacies of shared urban spaces: the regulation of rabid dogs in Banff, the maternal politics of pure milk in Hamilton and the circulation of tetanus bacilli from horse to human in Toronto. Another considers the marginalization of women in Canada’s animal welfare movement. The authors collectively push forward from a historiography that features nonhuman animals as objects within human-centered inquiries to a historiography that considers the eclectic contacts, exchanges, and cohabitation of human and nonhuman animals. With contributions by: Kristoffer Archibald, Jason Colby, George Colpitts, Joanna Dean, Carla Hustak, Darcy Ingram, Sean Kheraj, William Knight, Sherry Olson, Rachel Poliquin, and Christabelle Sethna
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthropology ; Environmental Science ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    The Functional Organization of the Auditory System (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This eBook comprises s series of original research and review articles dealing with the anatomical, genetic, and physiological organization of the auditory system from humans to monkeys and mice.
    Keywords: RC321-571 ; Q1-390 ; audition ; monkeys ; gens ; translational ; Humans ; Rodents ; Memory ; Perception ; Physiology ; functional imaging ; Anatomy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Animals and Inequality in the Ancient World (2021)
    University Press of Colorado | University Press of Colorado
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Animals and Inequality in the Ancient World explores the current trends in the social archaeology of human-animal relationships, focusing on the ways in which animals are used to structure, create, support, and even deconstruct social inequalities. The authors provide a global range of case studies from both New and Old World archaeology—royal Aztec dog burial, the monumental horse tombs of Central Asia, and the ceremonial macaw cages of ancient Mexico among them. They explore the complex relationships between people and animals in social, economic, political, and ritual contexts, incorporating animal remains from archaeological sites with artifacts, texts, and iconography to develop their interpretations. Animals and Inequality in the Ancient World presents new data and interpretations that reveal the role of animals, their products, and their symbolism in structuring social inequalities in the ancient world. The volume will be of interest to archaeologists, especially zooarchaeologists, and classical scholars of pre-modern civilizations and societies.  Contributors: Alejandra Aguirre Molina, Benjamin S. Arbuckle, Levent Atici, Douglas V. Campana, Roderick Campbell, Ximena Chá­vez Balderas, Pam J. Crabtree, Susan D. deFrance, Kitty F. Emery, Abigail Holeman, H. Edwin Jackson, Leonardo López Lujá­n, Michael MacKinnon, Arkadiusz Marciniak, Sue Ann McCarty, Neil L. Norman, Gilberto Perez, Bernardo Rodriguez, William A. Saturno, Ashley E. Sharpe, Nawa Sugiyama, Charlotte K. Sunseri, Naomi Sykes, Fabiola Torres, Raul Valadez, Norma Valentin Maldonado, Adam S. Watson, Joshua Wright, Belem Zuniga-Arelleno
    Keywords: History ; Ancient ; Social Science ; Archaeology ; Nature ; Animals ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHC Ancient history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNC Wildlife: general interest
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Spatial memory - a unique window into healthy and pathological ageing (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The global population aged over 60 is set to rise dramatically in the coming decades. In many countries, the older population now faces the prospect of spending a quarter of their lives aged over 65, and a significant proportion will have to cope with cognitive decline associated with normal ageing or with dementia disorders. Given that these fundamental demographic changes will pose a significant challenge to health care systems, a detailed understanding of age-related cognitive and neurobiological changes is essential in helping elderly populations maintain cognitive performance. In addition, developing sensitive biomarkers to identify those at risk of developing dementia is crucial for early and effective interventions. To make inferences about the ageing process from the animal model back to the human, rigorous behavioral paradigms must be used to ensure that the same function is being examined across species. Given that similar navigational paradigms can easily be applied to humans and animals, recent years have seen an expansion of studies attempting to bridge the gap between age-related changes in animal and human spatial cognition. These studies begin to suggest that disruptions in spatial computations are among the earliest indicators of impending cognitive decline. In addition, although many animal studies have identified pathological mechanisms with paradigms involving spatial navigation, these mechanisms support many nonspatial cognitive functions as well. As a consequence, a successful characterization of how spatial processing changes in the ageing brain could reveal fundamental effects of cognitive ageing that could inform about general mechanisms underlying decline in perception, mnemonic processing and multisensory integration.
    Keywords: RC321-571 ; Q1-390 ; Neuroscience ; spatial navigation ; Humans ; Aging ; Animal Models ; Dementia ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Polarization Phenomena in Physics:Applications to Nuclear Reactions (2021)
    World Scientific Publishing Co.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: This book allows the reader to understand the fundamentals of polarization phenomena in a general spin system, showing the polarizations to be indispensable information source of spin-dependent interactions. Particularly, the book describes polarization phenomena in nuclear scattering and reactions in detail, and explains how they provide information concerning spin-dependent interactions between the related particles. The concepts of polarization observables are explained, explicitly in the scattering of protons, deuterons and 7Li nuclei. In looking at deuteron and 7Li scattering, interactions induced by the virtual excitation of projectiles are examined in detail. Resonance reactions are investigated, focusing attention on the polarization of observables, which suggests that polarization phenomena can be used to determine the spin parity of the resonance. It is noted that in few-nucleon systems, the discrepancy between the values of polarization observables based on theoretical models and the corresponding values obtained through experimental data, is an important problem to be solved in the future. Solving this problem should provide new knowledge concerning the nuclear forces between nucleons. The author has chosen open-access publishing for this book to allow any interested person to study this branch of nuclear physics.
    Keywords: Spin Physics ; Nuclear Structure ; Polarization Phenomena
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Human and Animal Models for Translational Research on Neurodegeneration: Challenges and Opportunities From South America (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Neurodegenerative diseases are the most frequent cause of dementia, representing a burden for public health systems (especially in middle and middle-high income countries). Although most research on this issue is concentrated in first-world centers, growing efforts in South America are affording important breakthroughs. This emerging agenda poses new challenges for the region but also new opportunities for the field. This book aims to integrate the community of experts across the globe and the region, and to establish new challenges and developments for future investigation. We present research focused on neurodegenerative research in South America. We introduce studies assessing the interplay among genetic, neural, and behavioral dimensions of these diseases, as well as articles on vulnerability factors, comparisons of findings from various countries, and works promoting multicenter and collaborative networking. More generally, our book covers a broad scope of human-research approaches (behavioral assessment, neuroimaging, electromagnetic techniques, brain connectivity, peripheral measures), animal methodologies (genetics, epigenetics, proteomics, metabolomics, other molecular biology tools), species (all human and non-human animals, sporadic, and genetic versions), and article types (original research, review, and opinion papers). Through this wide-ranging proposal, we hope to introduce a fresh approach to the challenges and opportunities of research on neurodegeneration in South America.
    Keywords: RC321-571 ; Q1-390 ; South America ; Multicenter research ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Neurosciences ; Public Health ; Animals ; Clinical Protocols ; Research ; Human Experimentation ; Dementia ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Hidden Depths (2022)
    White Rose University Press | White Rose University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: In Hidden Depths, Professor Penny Spikins explores how our emotional connections have shaped human ancestry. Focusing on three key transitions in human origins, Professor Spikins explains how the emotional capacities of our early ancestors evolved in response to ecological changes, much like similar changes in other social mammals. For each transition, dedicated chapters examine evolutionary pressures, responses in changes in human emotional capacities and the archaeological evidence for human social behaviours. Starting from our earliest origins, in Part One, Professor Spikins explores how after two million years ago, movement of human ancestors into a new ecological niche drove new types of collaboration, including care for vulnerable members of the group. Emotional adaptations lead to cognitive changes, as new connections based on compassion, generosity, trust and inclusion also changed our relationship to material things. Part Two explores a later key transition in human emotional capacities occurring after 300,000 years ago. At this time changes in social tolerance allowed ancestors of our own species to further reach out beyond their local group and care about distant allies, making human communities resilient to environmental changes. An increasingly close relationship to animals, and even to cherished possessions, appeared at this time, and can be explained through new human vulnerabilities and ways of seeking comfort and belonging. Lastly, Part Three focuses on the contrasts in emotional dispositions arising between ourselves and our close cousins, the Neanderthals. Neanderthals are revealed as equally caring yet emotionally different humans, who might, if things had been different, have been in our place today. This new narrative breaks away from traditional views of human evolution as exceptional or as a linear progression towards a more perfect form. Instead, our evolutionary history is situated within similar processes occurring in other mammals, and explained as one in which emotions, rather than ‘intellect’, were key to our evolutionary journey. Moreover, changes in emotional capacities and dispositions are seen as part of differing pathways each bringing strengths, weaknesses and compromises. These hidden depths provide an explanation for many of the emotional sensitivities and vulnerabilities which continue to influence our world today.
    Keywords: Human demography ; Group size ; Lithic transfers ; Raw material movements ; Bonobos ; Dog burial ; Comfort ; Symbolic objects ; Symbolism ; Mobiliary art ; Attachment fluidity ; Hypersociability ; Human-animal relationships ; Dog domestication ; Attachment object ; Approachability ; Approach behaviour ; Avoidance behaviour ; Androgens ; Physiological responses ; Cognitive Archaeology ; Autism Spectrum Condition ; Handaxe ; Biface ; Neurodiversity ; Palaeolithic stone tools ; Evolution of neurodiversity ; Rock art ; Ice age art ; Material Culture ; Cultural transmission ; Emotional commitment ; Biopsychosocial approach ; Social tolerance ; Attachment ; Genus Homo ; Acheulian ; Cultural evolution ; Skeletal abnormality ; Injury ; Illness ; Interdependence ; Emotional sensitivity ; Moral emotions ; Evolution of Altruism ; Hominins ; Upper Palaeolithic ; Lower Palaeolithic ; Ecological niche ; Selective pressure ; Behavioural ecology ; Wolves ; Affective empathy ; Cognitive empathy ; Theory of mind ; Human Cognition ; Vulnerability ; Evolutionary Psychology ; Developmental psychology ; Helping behaviours ; Social cognition ; Social mammals ; Human Emotion ; Human social collaboration ; Generosity ; Emotional brain ; Social emotions ; Comparative behaviour ; Evolution ; Social carnivores ; Primate behavioural ecology ; Primate social systems ; Human Evolution ; Human ancestors ; Collaboration ; Evolutionary Biology ; Emotional vulnerability ; Social connection ; Decolonisation ; Social networks ; Middle Palaeolithic ; Community resilience ; Convergent evolution ; Chimpanzee ; Origin of modern humans ; Social safeness ; Wolf domestication ; Cherished possessions ; Compensatory attachment ; Loneliness ; Palaeolithic art ; Stress reactivity ; Bonding hormones ; Humans ; Hunter-gatherers ; Intergroup collaboration ; Tolerance ; Emotional connection ; Autism ; Trust ; Early Prehistory ; Palaeopathology ; Origins of healthcare ; Human self-domestication ; Palaeolithic Archaeology ; Social brain ; Care-giving ; Empathy ; Neanderthals ; Compassion ; Social Connection ; Evolution of Emotions ; Human Origins ; Adaptation ; Prehistory ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HD Archaeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism::JPWQ Revolutionary groups & movements ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Neuropharmacological, Neurobiological and Behavioral Mechanisms of Learning and Memory (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: drugs ; Behavior ; Memory tasks ; pre-clinical ; clinical ; Humans ; Animals ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Sentient Ecologies (2022)
    Berghahn Books | Berghahn Books
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Employing methodological perspectives from the fields of political geography, environmental studies, anthropology, and their cognate disciplines, this volume explores alternative logics of sentient landscapes as racist, xenophobic, and right-wing. While the field of sentient landscapes has gained critical attention, the literature rarely seems to question the intentionality of sentient landscapes, which are often romanticized as pure, good, and just, and perceived as protectors of those who are powerless, indigenous, and colonized. The book takes a new stance on sentient landscapes with the intention of dispelling the denial of “coevalness” represented by their scholarly romanticization.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Sociology ; Rural ; Nature ; Animals ; Social Science ; Anthropology ; Cultural & Social ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSF Rural communities ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WN Natural history::WNC Wildlife: general interest ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Pacific Climate Cultures (2022)
    De Gruyter | De Gruyter Open Poland
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-22
    Description: This edited volume examines the opportunities to think, do, and/or create jointly afforded by digital storytelling. The contributors discuss digital storytelling in the context of educational programs, teaching anthropology, and ethnographic research involving a variety of populations and subjects that will appeal to researchers and practitioners engaged with qualitative methods and pedagogies that rely on media technology.
    Keywords: Discourse ; Climate Change ; Humans ; Nature ; Oceania ; Resilience ; Environmental Ethics ; Environmental Change ; Worldview ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFC Social impact of disasters ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFH Popular beliefs & controversial knowledge::JFHF Folklore, myths & legends ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSL Ethnic studies::JFSL9 Indigenous peoples ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBD Population & demography ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSX Human biology::PSXM Medical anthropology
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Niphargus-Thiothrix associations may be widespread in sulphidic groundwater ecosystems: evidence from southeastern Romania. (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-25
    Description: Niphargus is a speciose amphipod genus found in groundwater habitats across Europe. Three Niphargus species living in the sulphidic Frasassi caves in Italy harbour sulphur-oxidizing Thiothrix bacterial ectosymbionts. These three species are distantly related, implying that the ability to form ectosymbioses with Thiothrix may be common among Niphargus. Therefore, Niphargus-Thiothrix associations may also be found in sulphidic aquifers other than Frasassi. In this study, we examined this possibility by analysing niphargids of the genera Niphargus and Pontoniphargus collected from the partly sulphidic aquifers of the Southern Dobrogea region of Romania, which are accessible through springs, wells and Movile Cave. Molecular and morphological analyses revealed seven niphargid species in this region. Five of these species occurred occasionally or exclusively in sulphidic locations, whereas the remaining two were restricted to nonsulphidic areas. Thiothrix were detected by PCR on all seven Dobrogean niphargid species and observed using microscopy to be predominantly attached to their hosts' appendages. 16S rRNA gene sequences of the Thiothrix epibionts fell into two main clades, one of which (herein named T4) occurred solely on niphargids collected in sulphidic locations. The other Thiothrix clade was present on niphargids from both sulphidic and nonsulphidic areas and indistinguishable from the T3 ectosymbiont clade previously identified on Frasassi-dwelling Niphargus. Although niphargids from Frasassi and Southern Dobrogea are not closely related, the patterns of their association with Thiothrix are remarkably alike. The finding of similar Niphargus-Thiothrix associations in aquifers located 1200 km apart suggests that they may be widespread in European groundwater ecosystems.
    Keywords: amphipods; ecology; sulphide; symbiosis; systematics; taxonomy ; 551 ; Amphipoda ; Animals ; DNA, Bacterial ; Ecosystem ; Groundwater ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Romania ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sulfur ; Symbiosis ; Thiothrix
    Language: English , English
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  • 16
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    Can humans & coastal landforms co-exist? : proceedings of a workshop held at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA January 24, 2001 (2005)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The primary objective of this publication is to share with a wider audience the valuable information and extensive dialogue that took place amongst over 140 individuals who attended the second in a series of planned workshops on the science and management of coastal landforms in Massachusetts. This workshop took place at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution on January 24, 2001. The individuals who attended this workshop are actively engaged in planning, managing, regulating, engineering, educating, and studying coastal landforms and their beneficial functions. This workshop titled, Can Humans & Coastal Landforms Co-exist?’, was a natural follow-up to a previous workshop, Coastal Landform Management in Massachusetts, held at WHOI October 9-10, 1997 (proceedings published as WHOI Technical Report #WHOI-98-16). The workshop had a very practical, applied focus, providing state-of-the-art scientific understanding of coastal landform function, case history management and regulation of human activities proposed on coastal landforms, a multi-faceted mock conservation commission hearing presented by practicing technical consultants and attorneys that involved all attendees acting as regulators in breakout sessions, and, at the conclusion of the workshop, an open discussion on all issues related to the science and management of coastal landforms, including future research needs.
    Description: Funding for these proceedings was provided by WHOI Sea Grant and the NOAA National Sea Grant College Program Office, Department of Commerce, under NOAA Grant No. M10-2, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Sea Grant Project No. NA86R60075.
    Keywords: Coastal ; Landforms ; Humans
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 17
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    Concerns about quadrupole ICP-MS lead isotopic data and interpretations in the environment and health fields (2018)
    MDPI AG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15 (2018): 723, doi:10.3390/ijerph15040723.
    Description: There has been a massive increase in recent years of the use of lead (Pb) isotopes in attempts to better understand sources and pathways of Pb in the environment and in man or experimental animals. Unfortunately, there have been many cases where the quality of the isotopic data, especially that obtained by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS), are questionable, resulting in questionable identification of potential sources, which, in turn, impacts study interpretation and conclusions. We present several cases where the isotopic data have compromised interpretation because of the use of only the major isotopes 208Pb/206Pb and 207Pb/206Pb, or their graphing in other combinations. We also present some examples comparing high precision data from thermal ionization (TIMS) or multi-collector plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) to illustrate the deficiency in the Q-ICP-MS data. In addition, we present cases where Pb isotopic ratios measured on Q-ICP-MS are virtually impossible for terrestrial samples. We also evaluate the Pb isotopic data for rat studies, which had concluded that Pb isotopic fractionation occurs between different organs and suggest that this notion of biological fractionation of Pb as an explanation for isotopic differences is not valid. Overall, the brief review of these case studies shows that Q-ICP-MS as commonly practiced is not a suitable technique for precise and accurate Pb isotopic analysis in the environment and health fields
    Keywords: Lead isotopes ; ICP-MS ; TIMS ; MC-ICP-MS ; Environment ; Humans ; Rats ; Fractionation
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 18
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    Noninvasive measures of oxidative stress status in humans
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Free Radical Biology and Medicine 10 (1991), S. 177-184 
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    ISSN: 0891-5849
    Keywords: Free radicals ; Humans ; Noninvasive analytical techniques ; Oxidative stress status
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
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    In vivo loss of telomeric repeats with age in humans
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research DNAging 256 (1991), S. 45-48 
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    ISSN: 0921-8734
    Keywords: Ageing ; Humans ; Skin cells ; Telomeres
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
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    Elevated frequencies of hprt mutant lymphocytes in cigarette-smoking mothers and their newborns
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 304 (1994), S. 285-294 
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    ISSN: 0027-5107
    Keywords: Cotinine ; Genetic monitoring ; Hprt mutation ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Pregnancy ; Smoking ; Tobacco
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    The beta decay of ^4^8Mn: Gamow-Teller quenching in fp-shell nuclei
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 467 (1987), S. 93-114 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure ; Radioactivity
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    Spins, moments and mean square charge radii of ^1^0^4^-^1^2^7In determined by laser spectroscopy
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 464 (1987), S. 9-28 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure ; Radioactivity
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    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 401 (1983), S. 175-188 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions ; Nuclear Structure
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    Arbitrary 3 n-j symbols for SU (2)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Computer Physics Communications 1 (1970), S. 207-215 
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    ISSN: 0010-4655
    Keywords: 12-j ; 15-j ; 18-j ; 21-j ; 3-j ; 3n-j Symbols ; 6-j ; 9-j ; Angular Momentum ; Atomic ; Atomic Spectra ; Atomic Structure ; Crossing Matrices ; Fano Coefficient ; Matrix Element ; Nuclear ; Nuclear Spectra ; Nuclear Structure ; Racah Coefficient ; Recoupling Coefficient ; Representation of Three Dimensional Rotation Group ; Transformation Matrices ; Wigner Coefficient
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Computer Science , Physics
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    A FORTRAN program for the computation of the generalized Talmi coefficients
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Computer Physics Communications 3 (1972), S. 61-68 
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    ISSN: 0010-4655
    Keywords: Angular Momentum ; Brody-Moshinsky Bracket ; Cluster Model ; Harmonic Oscillator ; Matrix Element ; Nuclear ; Nuclear Reaction ; Nuclear Spectra ; Nuclear Structure ; Shell Model ; Talmi coefficient
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Computer Science , Physics
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    Generalized transformation brackets for the harmonic oscillator functions
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Computer Physics Communications 3 (1972), S. 53-60 
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    ISSN: 0010-4655
    Keywords: Angular Momentum ; Brody-Moshinsky Bracket ; Cluster Model ; Harmonic Oscillator ; Matrix Element ; Nuclear ; Nuclear Reaction ; Nuclear Spectra ; Nuclear Structure ; Shell Model ; Talmi Coefficient
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Computer Science , Physics
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    DNA damage and rpair with age in individual human lymphocytes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research DNAging 237 (1990), S. 123-130 
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    ISSN: 0921-8734
    Keywords: Aging ; Humans ; Ionizing radiation ; Single cell electrophoresis
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
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    The ^4^0Ca level scheme investigated with the ^3^9K(p, γ)^4^0Ca reaction
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 512 (1990), S. 425-465 
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    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Microscopic study of deformation systematics and low-lying yrast spectra in even-even ruthenium isotopes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 572 (1994), S. 317-328 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Nuclear structure of ^1^5^8^,^ ^1^6^0Dy in the dynamic pairing-plus-quadrupole model and the shape phase transitions in ^1^5^4^-^1^6^0Dy
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 542 (1992), S. 429-453 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Spins, parities and isospins of ^2^6Al levels: Shell-model aspects
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 487 (1988), S. 221-250 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Resonant-absorption measurements of attosecond lifetimes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 441 (1985), S. 209-220 
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    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Investigation of neutron-rich rare-earth nuclei including the new isotopes ^1^7^7Tm and ^1^8^4Lu
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 499 (1989), S. 529-545 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure ; Radioactivity
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
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    Structure of ^1^2B from measurement and R-matrix analysis of σ(θ) for ^1^1B(n, n)^1^1B and ^1^1B(n, n')^1^1B^*(2.12 MeV), and shell-model calculations
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 394 (1983), S. 221-244 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions ; Nuclear Structure
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    Resonant absorption and the isospin mixing of the second T = 32 state of ^9Be
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 462 (1987), S. 205-220 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    The N-dependence of Cd mean square charge radii (54 =〈 N =〈72) and the nuclear moments of ^1^0^3Cd
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 462 (1987), S. 305-332 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    γ-decay of the deeply-bound hole states in ^1^0^1Pd, ^1^0^5Pd, ^1^0^7Pd, ^1^1^1Sn, ^1^1^7Sn observed in the (^3He, αγ) reaction at 70 MeV
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 441 (1985), S. 640-675 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions ; Nuclear Structure
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    The level structure of ^1^2^4Sb and residual p-n interactions
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 345 (1980), S. 93-133 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Reaction ; Nuclear Structure
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    Primary gamma-ray transitions of mixed E1 + M2 character
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 480 (1988), S. 77-84 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Anharmonicities of γ-vibrations in ^1^6^8Er
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 481 (1988), S. 81-93 
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    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Radioimmunoassay for immunoreactive [des-Leu^1^0]-angiotensin I
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 10 (1989), S. 489-492 
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    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Angiotensin II ; Blood ; Humans ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rats ; [des-Leu^1^0]-angiotensin I
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Evidence against autocrine feedback regulation of cholecystokinin secretion in man
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 13 (1992), S. 287-290 
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    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Autocrine feedback mechanism ; Cholecystokinin ; Feeding ; Humans ; Radioimmunoassay
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Domestic cat predation on vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) while foraging on goats, pigs, cows and human beings
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Applied Animal Behaviour Science 39 (1994), S. 141-150 
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    ISSN: 0168-1591
    Keywords: Cats ; Foraging ; Humans ; Livestock ; Predators ; Vampire bats
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    Topics: Biology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(94)90134-1
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    Behavioural responses to humans and the productivity of commercial broiler chickens
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Applied Animal Behaviour Science 41 (1994), S. 101-114 
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    ISSN: 0168-1591
    Keywords: Fear ; Handling ; Humans ; Poultry ; Productivity
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    Thermal gradients in the oesophagus of man during exercise and passive warming
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Thermal Biology 5 (1980), S. 249-251 
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    ISSN: 0306-4565
    Keywords: Humans ; exercise ; hyperthermia ; oesophageal temperature
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    Implications for evolution of nuclear structures of animals, plants, fungi and protoctists
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biosystems 22 (1989), S. 103-116 
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    ISSN: 0303-2647
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell nucleus ; Evolution ; Plants ; Protoctista ; Taxonomy
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    The compositional distribution of coding sequences and DNA molecules in humans and murids (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 27 (1988), S. 311-320 
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    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Genome composition ; Coding sequences ; Isochores ; Humans ; Murids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The compositional distributions of coding sequences and DNA molecules (in the 50-100-kb range) are remarkably narrower in murids (rat and mouse) compared to humans (as well as to all other mammals explored so far). In murids, both distributions begin at higher and end at lower GC values. A comparison of homologous coding sequences from murids and humans revealed that their different compositional distributions are due to differences in GC levels in all three codon positions, particularly of genes located at both ends of the distribution. In turn, these differences are responsible for differences in both codon usage and amino acids. When GC levels at first+second codon positions and third codon positions, respectively, of murid genes are plotted against corresponding GC levels of homologous human genes, linear relationships (with very high correlation coefficients and slopes of about 0.78 and 0.60, respectively) are found. This indicates a conservation of the order of GC levels in homologous genes from humans and murids. (The same comparison for mouse and rat genes indicates a conservation of GC levels of homologous genes.) A similar linear relationship was observed when plotting GC levels of corresponding DNA fractions (as obtained by density gradient centrifugation in the presence of a sequence-specific ligand) from mouse and human. These findings indicate that orderly compositional changes affecting not only coding sequences but also noncoding sequences took place since the divergence of murids. Such directional fixations of mutations point to the existence of selective pressures affecting the genome as a whole.
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    Phylogenetic evidence for multiple Alu source genes (1992)
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    Journal of molecular evolution 35 (1992), S. 7-16 
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    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Alu source genes ; Humans ; Gorillas ; Retrotransposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A member of the young PV Alu sub-family is detected in chimpanzee DNA showing that the PV subfamily is not specific to human DNA. This particular Alu is absent from the orthologous loci in both human and gorilla DNAs, indicating that PV subfamily members transposed within the chimpanzee lineage following the divergence of chimpanzee from both gorilla and human. These findings and previous reports describing the transpositional activity of other Alu sequences within the human, gorilla, and chimpanzee lineages provide phylogenetic evidence for the existence of multiple Alu source genes. Sequences surrounding this particular Alu resemble known transcriptional control elements associated with RNA polymerase III, suggesting a mechanism by which cis-acting elements might be acquired upon retrotransposition.
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    Phylogenetic position of Dictyostelium inferred from multiple protein data sets (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 41 (1995), S. 238-246 
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    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Cellular slime molds ; Animals ; Fungi ; Plantae ; Maximum-likelihood method ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The phylogenetic position of Dictyostelium inferred from 18S rRNA data contradicts that from protein data. Protein trees always show the close affinity of Dictyostelium with animals, fungi, and plants, whereas in 18S rRNA trees the branching of Dictyostelium is placed at a position before the massive radiation of protist groups including the divergence of the three kingdoms. To settle this controversial issue and to determine the correct position of Dictyostelium, we inferred the phylogenetic relationship among Dictyostelium and the three kingdoms Animalia, Fungi, and Plantae by a maximum-likelihood method using 19 different protein data sets. It was shown at the significance level of 1 SE that the branching of Dictyostelium antedates the divergence of Animalia and Fungi, and Plantae is an outgroup of the Animalia-Fungi-Dictyostelium clade.
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    An analysis of codon usage in mammals: Selection or mutation bias? (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 33 (1991), S. 442-449 
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    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Humans ; Mouse ; Rat ; Codon usage ; Mutation bias ; Selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A new statistical test has been developed to detect selection on silent sites. This test compares the codon usage within a gene and thus does not require knowledge of which genes are under the greatest selection, that there exist common trends in codon usage across genes, or that genes have the same mutation pattern. It also controls for mutational biases that might be introduced by the adjacent bases. The test was applied to 62 mammalian sequences, the significant codon usage biases were detected in all three species examined (humans, rats, and mice). However, these biases appear not to be the consequence of selection, but of the first base pair in the codon influencing the mutation pattern at the third position.
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    The evolution of two west African populations (1992)
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    Journal of molecular evolution 34 (1992), S. 336-344 
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    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Humans ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Nuclear polymorphisms ; Heteroplasmy ; Genetic differentiation ; Sickle cell ; Rain forest refuges
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The identification of genetically coherent populations is essential for understanding human evolution. Among the culturally uniform ethnic groups of west Africa, there are two geographically distinct populations with high frequencies of sickle-cell hemoglobin (HbS). Although the HbS mutation in each group is found on distinguishable chromosomes 11, these populations have been assumed to be parts of a single population. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in these populations demonstrated that the two populations identified by alternative chromosomes 11 bearing HbS have distinct distributions of mitochondrial genotypes, i.e., they are maternally separate. These studies also showed that, contrary to expectation, the mtDNA of some individuals is heteroplasmic. For nuclear loci, a comparison of the frequency of alternative alleles established that these populations are genetically distinct. Both the mitochondrial and nuclear data indicate that these populations have been separate for approximately 50,000 years. Although HbS in the two populations is usually attributed to recent, independent mutations, the duration of the separation and the observed geographic distribution of the population allow for the possibility of an ancient origin of HbS. Assuming an ancient mutation and considering the known biogeography, we suggest that HbS protected selected populations from malaria in rain forest refuges during the most recent ice age.
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    Evolutionary relationships of eukaryotic kingdoms (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 42 (1996), S. 183-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Small-subunit ribosomal RNA ; Phylogeny ; Animals ; Fungi ; Plants ; Alveolates ; Heterokonts ; Stramenopiles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The evolutionary relationships of four eukaryotic kingdoms—Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista—remain unclear. In particular, statistical support for the closeness of animals to fungi rather than to plants is lacking, and a preferred branching order of these and other eukaryotic lineages is still controversial even though molecular sequences from diverse eukaryotic taxa have been analyzed. We report a statistical analysis of 214 sequences of nuclear small-subunit ribosomal RNA (srRNA) gene undertaken to clarify these evolutionary relationships. We have considered the variability of substitution rates and the nonindependence of nucleotide substitution across sites in the srRNA gene in testing alternative hypotheses regarding the branching patterns of eukaryote phylogeny. We find that the rates of evolution among sites in the srRNA sequences vary substantially and are approximately gamma distributed with size and shape parameter equal to 0.76. Our results suggest that (1) the animals and true fungi are indeed closer to each other than to any other “crown” group in the eukaryote tree, (2) red algae are the closest relatives of animals, true fungi, and green plants, and (3) the heterokonts and alveolates probably evolved prior to the divergence of red algae and animal-fungus-green-plant lineages. Furthermore, our analyses indicate that the branching order of the eukaryotic lineages that diverged prior to the evolution of alveolates may be generally difficult to resolve with the srRNA sequence data.
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    Microscopic description of vibrational states in deformed nuclei
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 28 (1992), S. 49-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0146-6410
    Keywords: Eλ, ML strength distribution ; Nuclear Structure ; Quasiparticle-Phonon nuclear Model
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0146-6410(92)90013-R
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  • 54
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    The substance P content of peripheral tissues in several mammals
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 4 (1983), S. 451-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Biliary system ; Cat ; Guinea-pig ; Humans ; Mucosa ; Rabbit ; Radioimmunoassay ; Respiratory system ; Skin ; Substance P ; Sympathetic nervous system ; Urinary system
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(83)90048-7
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    A neuroheptapeptide influence on cognitive functioning in the elderly
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 1 (1980), S. 55-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: ACTH ; Aging ; Attention ; Cognition ; Humans ; MSH ; Peptide ; Visual retention
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(80)90036-4
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  • 56
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    Circulatory effects of VIP in anesthetized man
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 5 (1984), S. 319-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Blood flow ; Circulation ; Electromagnetic flowmetry ; Humans ; VIP
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(84)90227-4
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    Interspecies homology of cytochrome P-450: toxicological significance of cytochrome P-450 cross-reactive with anti-rat P-448-H antibodies in liver microsomes from dogs, monkeys and humans
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research Letters 226 (1989), S. 163-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-7992
    Keywords: Cytochrome P-450 ; Dogs ; Humans ; Monkeys ; P-448-H ; Rats
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0165-7992(89)90014-6
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  • 58
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    Evidence for genetic similarity detection in human marriage
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Ethology and Sociobiology 6 (1985), S. 183-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0162-3095
    Keywords: Assortative mating ; Genetic similarity ; Heritability ; Humans ; Kin recognition
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0162-3095(85)90030-5
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  • 59
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    Estimating paternity confidence
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Ethology and Sociobiology 8 (1987), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0162-3095
    Keywords: Humans ; Paternity confidence ; Relatedness
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-3095(87)90045-8
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    Agaricus Bisporus: An assessment of its carcinogenic potency (1993)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 124 (1993), S. 73-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Assessment ; Cancer ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Mushroom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This assessment focuses on the concentrations of some chemicals present in theAgaricus bisporus mushroom, the cancer-inducing doses of these chemicals or mushroom used in the animal experiments, the total amounts of these chemicals or mushroom needed to induce cancer in these mice, and the estimated total amounts of these chemicals or mushroom needed to induce cancer in humans. By adding the estimated amounts of chemicals needed to induce cancer and by comparing it with the amount of raw mushroom needed to induce the same effect, it becomes obvious that we have accounted for less than 2% of the carcinogenic components of theAgaricus bisporus mushroom. Since some unavailable data handicapped this assessment, it should be regarded as tentative and subject to further adjustment.
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    The solar wind and human birth rate: A possible relationship due to magnetic disturbances (1990)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 34 (1990), S. 42-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Briths ; Humans ; Solar wind ; Geomagnetism ; Melatonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Data obtained from the literature on the annual pattern of human conceptions and plasma melatonin at high latitudes indicated that simple annual rhythms do not exist. Instead, prominent semiannual rhythms are found, with equinoctial troughs and solsticial peaks. A prominent semiannual environmental event is the magnetic disturbance induced by the solar wind. The semiannual magnetic disturbances are worldwide, but most pronounced in the auroral zones where the corpuscular radiation enters the atmosphere. Magnetic indices that predominantly reflect these events were obtained from the literature and correlated with the melatonin and conception data. Significant and inverse correlations were found for Inuit conceptions and the melatonin data. The correlations obtained for 48 contiguous states of the United States indicated that only the extreme northern states exhibited this relationship. These data were compared with a previous correlational study in the United States which established that sunshine was correlated with conceptions in the middle latitude and southern states. An hypothesis of dual control by electromagnetic and magnetic energies is proposed: melatonin is a progonadal hormone in humans controlled by both factors, depending on their relative strength. Other studies are reviewed regarding the possible factors involved in determining the annual pattern of human conceptions. Demographic studies of geographic variation in temporal patterns of conceptions, with particular regard to variations of the magnetic fields on the earth's surface, may provide some insight into the efficacy of these different factors.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01045819
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    Animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to air emissions (1984)
    Springer
    Environmental management 8 (1984), S. 309-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Animals ; Indicators ; Air pollution ; Ecosystem responses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract With existing and proposed air-quality regulations, ecological disasters resulting from air emissions such as those observed at Copperhill, Tennessee, and Sudbury, Ontario, are unlikely. Current air-quality standards, however, may not protect ecosystems from subacute and chronic exposure to air emissions. The encouragement of the use of coal for energy production and the development of the fossil-fuel industries, including oil shales, tar sands, and coal liquification, point to an increase and spread of fossil-fuel emissions and the potential to influence a number of natural ecosystems. This paper reviews the reported responses of ecosystems to air-borne pollutants and discusses the use of animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to these pollutants. Animal species and populations can act as important indicators of biotic and abiotic responses of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. These responses can indicate long-term trends in ecosystem health and productivity, chemical cycling, genetics, and regulation. For short-term trends, fish and wildlife also serve as monitors of changes in community structure, signaling food-web contamination, as well as providing a measure of ecosystem vitality. Information is presented to show not only the importance of animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to air-quality degradation, but also their value as air-pollution indices, that is, as air-quality-related values (AQRV), required in current air-pollution regulation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868030
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    Segmentation and tracking of piglets in images (1995)
    Springer
    Machine vision and applications 8 (1995), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1769
    Keywords: Tracking ; Segmentation ; Pigs ; Animals ; Computer vision
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract An algorithm was developed for the segmentation and tracking of piglets and tested on a 200-image sequence of 10 piglets moving on a straw background. The image-capture rate was 1 image/140 ms. The segmentation method was a combination of image differencing with respect to a median background and a Laplacian operator. The features tracked were blob edges in the segmented image. During tracking, the piglets were modelled as ellipses initialised on the blobs. Each piglet was tracked by searching for blob edges in an elliptical window about the piglet's position, which was predicted from its previous two positions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01215814
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    The ultrastructure, catecholamine, and prolactin contents of the rostral pars distalis of the fish Mugil platanus after reserpine or 6-hydroxydopamine administration (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 162 (1975), S. 551-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hypophysis ; Rostral pars distalis ; Mugil platanus ; Animals ; Prolactin hormone secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The rostral pars distalis (RPD) of the teleost Mugil platanus from animals pretreated with reserpine or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-HODA) were assayed for dopamine (DA) or noradrenaline (NA) or for prolactin hormone. Such determinations were coupled with electron microscopy. It was found that reserpine and 6-HODA produced a significant decrease in the content of DA, NA, and prolactin. Electron microscope studies revealed that prolactin cells became activated as judged by ultrastructural criteria. After 6-HODA treatment type “B” neurosecretory fibers entering the RPD became selectively destroyed. These observations lead us to suggest that prolactin secretion is under inhibitory control by type “B” neurosecretory fibers of adrenergic nature.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209354
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    Implementation of periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate staining for ultrastructural assessment of muscle glycogen utilization during exercise (1985)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 242 (1985), S. 229-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Skeletal muscles ; Ultrastructure ; Exercise ; Glycogen ; Humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Distribution of glycogen particles in semithin and ultrathin sections of biopsy samples from human muscles subjected to either short- or long-term running were investigated using PAS and Periodic Acid-ThioSemiCarbazide-Silver Proteinate (PA-TSC-SP) staining methods. Glycogen particles were predominantly found immediately under the sarcolemma or aligned along the myofibrillar Iband. After long-term exhaustive exercise type-1 fibers with a few or no glycogen particles in the core of the fibers were frequently observed. The subsarcolemmal glycogen stores of these “depleted” type-1 fibers were about three times as large as after exhaustive short-time exercise. Another indication of utilization of subsarcolemmal glycogen stores during anaerobic exercise was that many particles displayed a pale, rudimentary shape. This observation suggests fragmental metabolization of glycogen. Thus, depending on type of exercise and type of fiber differential and sequential glycogen utilization patterns can be observed.
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    Perception of shape from shading in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans (Homo sapiens) (1998)
    Springer
    Animal cognition 1 (1998), S. 25-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-9456
    Keywords: Key words Shape from shading ; Visual search ; Texture segregation ; Chimpanzees ; Humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The perception of shape from shading was tested in two chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and five humans (Homo sapiens), using visual search tasks. Subjects were required to select and touch an odd item (target) from among uniform distractors. Humans found the target faster when shading was vertical than when it was horizontal, consistent with results of previous research. Both chimpanzees showed the opposite pattern: they found the target faster when shading was horizontal. The same difference in response was found in texture segregation tasks. This difference between the species could not be explained by head rotation or head shift parallel to the surface of the monitor. Furthermore, when the shaded shape was changed from a circle to a square, or the shading type was changed from gradual to stepwise, the difference in performance between vertical and horizontal shading disappeared in chimpanzees, but persisted in humans. These results suggest that chimpanzees process shading information in a different way from humans.
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    Animal Consciousness and Ethics in Asia and the Pacific (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of agricultural and environmental ethics 10 (1997), S. 249-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-322X
    Keywords: Animals ; Asia ; consciousness ; Australia ; Hong Kong ; India ; Israel ; Japan ; New Zealand ; The Philippines ; Russia ; Singapore ; Thailand
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract The interactions between humans, animals and the environment have shaped human values and ethics, not only the genes that we are made of. The animal rights movement challenges human beings to reconsider interactions between humans and other animals, and maybe connected to the environmental movement that begs us to recognize the fact that there are symbiotic relationships between humans and all other organisms. The first part of this paper looks at types of bioethics, the implications of autonomy and the value of being alive. Then the level of consciousness of these relationships are explored in survey results from Asia and the Pacific, especially in the 1993 International Bioethics Survey conducted in Australia, Hong Kong, India, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, The Philippines, Russia, Singapore and Thailand. Very few mentioned animal consciousness in the survey, but there were more biocentric comments in Australia and Japan; and more comments with the idea of harmony including humans in Thailand. Comparisons between questions and surveys will also be made, in an attempt to describe what people imagine animal consciousness to be, and whether this relates to human ethics of the relationships.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007774409131
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    Influence of the viscoelastic properties of the respiratory system on the energetically optimum breathing frequency (1993)
    Springer
    Annals of biomedical engineering 21 (1993), S. 489-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9686
    Keywords: Work of breathing ; Inspiratory pressure-time integral ; Respiratory modeling ; Dogs ; Humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract We hypothesized that the viscoelastic properties of the respiratory system should have significant implications for the energetically optimal frequency of breathing, in view of the fact that these properties cause marked dependencies of overall system resistance and elastance on frequency. To test our hypothesis we simulated two models of canine and human respiratory system mechanics during sinusoidal breathing and calculated the inspiratory work ( $$\dot W$$ ) and pressure-time integral (PTI) per minute under both resting and exercise conditions. The two models were a two-compartment viscoelastic model and a single-compartment model. Requiring minute alveolar ventilation to be fixed, we found that both models predicted almost identical optimum breathing frequencies. The calculated PTI was very insensitive to increases in breathing frequency above the optimal frequencies, while $$\dot W$$ was found to increase slowly with frequency above its optimum. In contrast, both $$\dot W$$ and PTI increased sharply as frequency decreased below their respective optima. A sensitivity analysis showed that the model predictions were very insensitive to the elastance and resistance values chosen to characterize tissue viscoelasticity. We conclude that the $$\dot W$$ criterion for choosing the frequency of breathing is compatible with observations in nature, whereas the optimal frequency predictions of the PTI are rather too high. Both criteria allow for a fairly wide margin of choice in frequency above the optimum values without incurring excessive additional energy expenditure. Furthermore, contrary to our expectations, the viscoelastic properties of the respiratory system tissues do not pose a noticeable problem to the respiratory controller in terms of energy expenditure.
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    Positive-parity rotational band in ^{158} Tb (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): J. Zhong, H. L. Ma, S. P. Hu, X. G. Wu, H. B. Sun, G. S. Li, C. Y. He, Y. Zheng, C. B. Li, Q. M. Chen, H. W. Li, Y. H. Wu, and P. W. Luo Excited states of the odd-odd nucleus Tb 158 have been studied via the Sm 154 ( Li 7 , 3 n ) Tb 158 reaction at a beam energy of 27 MeV. The new level scheme of Tb 158 involving a positive parity rotational band is established up to excitation energy ∼ 2.3 MeV and spin ∼ 17 ℏ . By comparing with the rotational bands… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024308] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Lifetime measurement for the possible antimagnetic rotation band in ^{101} Pd (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): M. Sugawara, T. Hayakawa, M. Oshima, Y. Toh, A. Osa, M. Matsuda, T. Shizuma, Y. Hatsukawa, H. Kusakari, T. Morikawa, Z. G. Gan, and T. Czosnyka Lifetime measurements were made for the ν h 11 / 2 band in Pd 101 , which had been interpreted as a possible antimagnetic rotation band based on the comparison of I − ω behavior with the calculation of a semiclassical particle-rotor model in our previous study. Doppler broadened line shapes were analyzed fo… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024309] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Measurement of the ^{97} Mo(n,γ) reaction with the DANCE γ calorimeter array (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-30
    Description: Author(s): C. L. Walker, M. Krtička, B. Baramsai, F. Bečvář, T. A. Bredeweg, A. Chyzh, R. C. Haight, M. Jandel, J. Kroll, G. E. Mitchell, J. M. O'Donnell, R. S. Rundberg, J. L. Ullmann, S. Valenta, and J. B. Wilhelmy Spectra of γ rays following the Mo 97 ( n , γ ) reaction were measured as a function of incident neutron energy with the DANCE (Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments) array of 160   BaF 2 scintillation detectors at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center using an enriched Mo 97 target. These spectra… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 014324] Published Wed Jul 29, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Systematics of α-decay transitions to excited states (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-06
    Description: Author(s): D. S. Delion and A. Dumitrescu We systematize the available experimental material concerning α -decay transitions to low-lying excited states in even-even and odd-mass emitters. We generalize our previous theoretical prediction concerning the linear dependence between hindrance factors and the excitation energy for transitions in … [Phys. Rev. C 92, 021303(R)] Published Tue Aug 04, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Triplet energy differences and the low lying structure of ^{62} Ga (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-21
    Description: Author(s): T. W. Henry et al. Background: Triplet energy differences (TED) can be studied to yield information on isospin-non-conserving interactions in nuclei. Purpose: The systematic behavior of triplet energy differences (TED) of T = 1 , J π = 2 + states is examined. The A = 62 isobar is identified as having a TED value that deviates … [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024315] Published Thu Aug 20, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole moments of odd nuclei near the magic ones in a self-consistent approach (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-21
    Description: Author(s): G. Co', V. De Donno, M. Anguiano, R. N. Bernard, and A. M. Lallena We present a model which describes the properties of odd-even nuclei with one nucleon more, or less, with respect to the magic number. In addition to the effects related to the unpaired nucleon, we consider those produced by the excitation of the closed shell core. By using a single-particle basis g… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024314] Published Thu Aug 20, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Isoscalar response of ^{68} Ni to α-particle and deuteron probes (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: Author(s): M. Vandebrouck et al. Giant resonances are fundamental excitations of the entire atomic nucleus. This work reports the discovery of several collective isoscalar modes in the unstable neutron-rich nucleus 68 Ni. Such modes are sensitive to the bulk properties of nuclear matter, e.g., how easily nuclear matter can be compressed. The work uses a novel technique with an “active” gas target, in which target and detector are the same. Comparison with lighter nickel isotopes sheds light on how these collective excitations evolve with increasing proton-neutron asymmetry. The experience gained in this work suggests future improvements for the experimental technique. [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024316] Published Fri Aug 21, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Lifetime measurement for the 2_{1}^{+} state in ^{140} Sm and the onset of collectivity in neutron-deficient Sm isotopes (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: Author(s): F. L. Bello Garrote, A. Görgen, J. Mierzejewski, C. Mihai, J. P. Delaroche, M. Girod, J. Libert, E. Sahin, J. Srebrny, T. Abraham, T. K. Eriksen, F. Giacoppo, T. W. Hagen, M. Kisielinski, M. Klintefjord, M. Komorowska, M. Kowalczyk, A. C. Larsen, T. Marchlewski, I. O. Mitu, S. Pascu, S. Siem, A. Stolarz, and T. G. Tornyi Background: The chain of Sm isotopes exhibits a wide range of nuclear shapes and collective behavior. While the onset of deformation for N 〉 82 has been well studied both experimentally and theoretically, fundamental data is lacking for some Sm isotopes with N 〈 82 . Purpose: Electromagnetic transi… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024317] Published Fri Aug 21, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Effects of electron screening on α-decay half-lives in different external environments (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): Niu Wan (万牛), Chang Xu (许昌), and Zhongzhou Ren (任中洲) In this paper, the electron screening effects on α -decay half-lives are investigated in different external environments, including α decays in neutral atoms, in metal, and in extremely strong magnetic-field environments. Systematic calculations of α -decay half-lives are performed for α emitters with… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024301] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 78
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    New decay scheme of the _{51} ^{136} Sb _{85} 6^{−} isomer (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): R. Lozeva et al. We report new data on the Sb 136 6 − yrast isomer with T 1 / 2 = 489 ( 40 )   μ s and π g 7 / 2 1 × ν f 7 / 2 3 configuration, populated in the projectile fission of U 238 on a Be 9 target. The analysis confirms the lifetime, providing a good accuracy measurement. In addition, the decay of the isomer to the ground state is new… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024304] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 79
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    Evolution of ground-state quadrupole and octupole stiffnesses in even-even barium isotopes (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): Hua-Lei Wang, Jie Yang, Min-Liang Liu, and Fu-Rong Xu Quadrupole and octupole stiffnesses in the ground states of even-even Ba 112 − 150 isotopes have been systematically investigated by means of potential-energy-surface calculations. The calculations are carried out in both ( β 2 , γ , β 4 ) and ( β 2 , β 3 , β 4 , β 5 ) deformation spaces with the inclusion of triaxial and… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024303] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 80
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    Cluster states and isoscalar monopole transitions of ^{24}Mg (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-06-06
    Description: Author(s): Y. Chiba and M. Kimura Background: Isoscalar monopole transition has been suggested as a key observable to search for exotic cluster states. Recently, excited 0 + states with strong isoscalar monopole transition strengths were experimentally reported in Mg 24 , but their structures were not revealed because of the lack of th... [Phys. Rev. C 91, 061302(R)] Published Thu Jun 04, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 81
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    Ab initio (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-06-06
    Description: Author(s): E. Dikmen, A. F. Lisetskiy, B. R. Barrett, P. Maris, A. M. Shirokov, and J. P. Vary We perform ab initio no-core shell-model calculations for A = 18 and 19 nuclei in a 4 ℏ Ω , or N max = 4 , model space by using the effective JISP16 and chiral N3LO nucleon-nucleon potentials and transform the many-body effective Hamiltonians into the 0 ℏ Ω model space to construct the A -body effective Hamilto... [Phys. Rev. C 91, 064301] Published Tue Jun 02, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 82
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    Extended Skyrme pseudopotential deduced from infinite nuclear matter properties (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-06-06
    Description: Author(s): D. Davesne, J. Navarro, P. Becker, R. Jodon, J. Meyer, and A. Pastore We discuss the contributions to the equation of state for the N ℓ LO Skyrme pseudopotential ( ℓ = 2 , 3 ) . We show that by adding fourth- and sixth-order gradient terms, it is possible to fairly reproduce the spin/isospin decomposition of an equation of state obtained from ab initio methods. Moreover, by in... [Phys. Rev. C 91, 064303] Published Thu Jun 04, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 83
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    Infrared length scale and extrapolations for the no-core shell model (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-06-06
    Description: Author(s): K. A. Wendt, C. Forssén, T. Papenbrock, and D. Sääf We precisely determine the infrared (IR) length scale of the no-core shell model (NCSM). In the NCSM, the A -body Hilbert space is truncated by the total energy, and the IR length can be determined by equating the intrinsic kinetic energy of A nucleons in the NCSM space to that of A nucleons in a 3 ( A ... [Phys. Rev. C 91, 061301(R)] Published Wed Jun 03, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 84
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    Hoyle band and α condensation in ^{12} C (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): Y. Funaki The excited states in C 12 are investigated by using an extended version of the so-called Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-Röpke (THSR) wave function, where both the 3 α condensate and Be 8 + α cluster asymptotic configurations are included. A new method is also used to resolve spurious continuum coupling with ph… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 021302(R)] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 85
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    Constraining the symmetry energy content of nuclear matter from nuclear masses: A covariance analysis (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): C. Mondal, B. K. Agrawal, and J. N. De Elements of nuclear symmetry energy evaluated from different energy density functionals parametrized by fitting selective bulk properties of few representative nuclei are seen to vary widely. Those obtained from experimental data on nuclear masses across the periodic table, however, show that they a… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024302] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 86
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    Spurious finite-size instabilities in nuclear energy density functionals: Spin channel (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): A. Pastore, D. Tarpanov, D. Davesne, and J. Navarro Background: It has been recently shown that some Skyrme functionals can lead to nonconverging results in the calculation of some properties of atomic nuclei. A previous study has pointed out a possible link between these convergence problems and the appearance of finite-size instabilities in symmetr… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024305] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 87
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    Decay spectroscopy of element 115 daughters: ^{280} Rg→ ^{276} Mt and ^{276} Mt→ ^{272} Bh (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: Author(s): J. M. Gates et al. Forty-six decay chains, assigned to the decay of 115 288 , were produced using the Am 243 ( Ca 48 , 3 n ) 115 288 reaction at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 88-in. cyclotron. The resulting series of α decays were studied using α -photon and α -x-ray spectroscopies. Multiple α -photon coincidences were o… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 021301(R)] Published Mon Aug 03, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 88
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    Global calculations of microscopic energies and nuclear deformations: Isospin dependence of the spin-orbit coupling (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-06
    Description: Author(s): Zhe-Ying Wu, Chong Qi, Ramon Wyss, and Hong-Liang Liu Background: The deviation between different model calculations that may occur when one goes toward regions where the masses are unknown is getting increased attention. This is related to the uncertainties of the different models which may have not been fully understood. Purpose: To explore in detail… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024306] Published Tue Aug 04, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 89
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    Direct microscopic calculation of nuclear level densities in the shell model Monte Carlo approach (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-08
    Description: Author(s): Y. Alhassid, M. Bonett-Matiz, S. Liu, and H. Nakada Nuclear level densities are required for estimating statistical nuclear reaction rates. The shell model Monte Carlo method is a powerful approach for microscopic calculation of state densities in very large model spaces. However, these state densities include the spin degeneracy of each energy level… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024307] Published Thu Aug 06, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 90
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    Non-Markovian fission rate within the Kramers model (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-13
    Description: Author(s): S. V. Radionov and V. M. Kolomietz We investigate possible non-Markovian effects in fission dynamics of highly excited nuclei by using the generalized Langevin approach for a single nuclear shape parameter. We estimate the effective friction and stiffness coefficients of the non-Markovian dynamics for different values of the correlat… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024311] Published Wed Aug 12, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 91
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    Isospin-breaking interactions studied through mirror energy differences (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Author(s): M. A. Bentley, S. M. Lenzi, S. A. Simpson, and C. Aa. Diget Background: Information on charge-dependent (i.e., isospin-non-conserving) interactions is extracted from excited states of mirror nuclei. Purpose: Specifically, the purpose of the study is to extract effective isovector ( V p p − V n n ) interactions which, in general, can either be of Coulomb or nuclear o… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 024310] Published Mon Aug 10, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 92
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    Search for the terminating 27^{−} state in ^{140} Nd (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-15
    Description: Author(s): C. M. Petrache, I. Ragnarsson, H. Naïdja, F. Nowacki, R. Leguillon, T. Zerrouki, P. T. Greenlees, U. Jakobsson, P. Jones, R. Julin, S. Juutinen, S. Ketelhut, M. Leino, M. Nyman, P. Peura, P. Rahkila, P. Ruotsalainen, J. Saren, C. Scholey, J. Sorri, and J. Uusitalo In the search for the fully aligned 27 − state in Nd 140 predicted by cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations, new close-to-spherical high-spin states have been discovered. Both the close-to-spherical and the triaxial calculated states are in good agreement with the experimental results, supporting th… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 034314] Published Mon Sep 14, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Introduction of a valence space in quasiparticle random-phase approximation: Impact on vibrational mass parameters and spectroscopic properties (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-16
    Description: Author(s): F. Lechaftois, I. Deloncle, and S. Péru For the first time, using a unique finite-range interaction (D1M Gogny force), a fully coherent and time-feasible calculation of the Bohr Hamiltonian vibrational mass is envisioned in a Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov + quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA) framework. In order to reach a reasonabl… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 034315] Published Tue Sep 15, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Positioning the neutron drip line and the r-process paths in the nuclear landscape (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-16
    Description: Author(s): Rui Wang and Lie-Wen Chen Exploring nucleon drip lines and astrophysical rapid neutron capture process (r-process) paths in the nuclear landscape is extremely challenging in nuclear physics and astrophysics. While various models predict a similar proton drip line, their predictions for the neutron drip line and the r-process… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 031303(R)] Published Tue Sep 15, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 95
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    Impact of pairing correlations on the orientation of the nuclear spin (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-22
    Description: Author(s): P. W. Zhao (赵鹏巍), S. Q. Zhang (张双全), and J. Meng (孟杰) For the first time, the tilted axis cranking covariant density functional theory with pairing correlations has been formulated and implemented in a fully self-consistent and microscopic way to investigate the evolution of the spin axis and the pairing effects in rotating triaxial nuclei. The measure… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 034319] Published Fri Sep 18, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 96
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    Interweaving of elementary modes of excitation in superfluid nuclei through particle-vibration coupling: Quantitative account of the variety of nuclear structure observables (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-22
    Description: Author(s): A. Idini, G. Potel, F. Barranco, E. Vigezzi, and R. A. Broglia A complete characterization of the structure of nuclei can be obtained by combining information arising from inelastic scattering, Coulomb excitation, and γ -decay, together with one- and two-particle transfer reactions. In this way it is possible to probe both the single-particle and collective comp… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 031304(R)] Published Fri Sep 18, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 97
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    β-decay rates of odd-mass neutron-rich isotopes in the deformed quasiparticle random-phase approximation with realistic interactions (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-25
    Description: Author(s): Dongdong Ni and Zhongzhou Ren The deformed quasiparticle random-phase approximation with realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions is extended for the β − decay of odd-mass neutron-rich Kr, Sr, Zr, and Mo isotopes, from their longest-lived isotopes to the experimentally unknown nuclei. The particle-particle and particle-hole channel… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 034324] Published Wed Sep 23, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 98
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    Longitudinal and transverse electron-nucleus scattering form factors of ^{25} Mg (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-29
    Description: Author(s): Anwer A. Al-Sammarraie, Fadhil I. Sharrad, Norhasliza Yusof, and Hasan Abu Kassim The one-body density-matrix elements obtained from the USDA Hamiltonian are used to calculate the electron-nucleus scattering form factors for the Mg 25 nucleus. The longitudinal form factor calculations produce good agreements for all states in the first sequence whereas the shell-model predictions … [Phys. Rev. C 92, 034327] Published Mon Sep 28, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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  • 99
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    Rotation-aligned isomer and oblate collectivity in ^{196} Pt (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-26
    Description: Author(s): S. G. Wahid, S. K. Tandel, P. Chowdhury, R. V. F. Janssens, M. P. Carpenter, T. L. Khoo, F. G. Kondev, T. Lauritsen, C. J. Lister, D. Seweryniak, and S. Zhu An oblate rotational sequence, built on an aligned, two-quasineutron isomeric state has been established in Pt 196 . The isomer has a half-life of 7.7(7) ns and is associated with the I π = 12 + , ( i 13 / 2 ) 2 neutron configuration. Excited states, with angular momentum generated primarily through successive nu… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 054323] Published Wed Nov 25, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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    Population of ^{13} Be in a nucleon exchange reaction (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-26
    Description: Author(s): B. R. Marks, P. A. DeYoung, J. K. Smith, T. Baumann, J. Brown, N. Frank, J. Hinnefeld, M. Hoffman, M. D. Jones, Z. Kohley, A. N. Kuchera, B. Luther, A. Spyrou, S. Stephenson, C. Sullivan, M. Thoennessen, N. Viscariello, and S. J. Williams The neutron-unbound nucleus Be 13 was populated with a nucleon exchange reaction from a 71 MeV/u secondary B 13 beam. The decay-energy spectrum was reconstructed using invariant mass spectroscopy based on Be 12 fragments in coincidence with neutrons. The data could be described with an s -wave resonance… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 054320] Published Mon Nov 23, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
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