ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: Provides a deeper understanding of earthquake processes, based on laboratory-derived physical laws and formulae, for researchers, professionals and graduate students

Description / Table of Contents: "This book sheds light on how global warming has caused the ongoing environmental disaster in the Arctic, namely its melting. This development, if left unabated, will have a major negative environmental impact, not only on the Arctic itself, but on the entire planet, including the worsening of global warming and rising sea levels. The latter is a major threat to all island countries and all countries having coastlines with open seas with major environmental, social, economic, political and military/security implications. The Arctic melting is bringing about challenges while opening doors for certain opportunities. These are the accessibility of the region's large oil, gas and coal reserves and minerals, including rare earth elements. They are in demand both in the Arctic littoral states (Canada, Denmark/Greenland, Norway, Russia and USA) and the Greater Arctic countries (Iceland, Finland and Sweden) as well as in other parts of the world. In particular, major oil and gas importers (China, India, Japan and South Korea) are interested in the Arctic energy resources, the main non-regional countries with a capability to engage in the region. The obvious importance of the regional energy and mineral resources makes the division of the region among the regional countries crucial

Description / Table of Contents: The melting of the Arctic ice will also lead to the availability for at least a few months a year of a Northern Sea Route and a Northwest Passage connecting Europe to North America and the North-Eastern part of Asia. The importance of these northern routes and the Arctic mineral and energy resources is contributing to a growing military presence of mainly the USA and Russia in this region, which could lead to an arms race. This book offers invaluable insights on the issues that have grave implications for energy security and geopolitics in the arctic."--pub. desc

Description / Table of Contents: "Explores the environment's effects on human wellbeing and behaviour, factors influencing environmental behaviour and ways of encouraging pro-environmental action"--

Description / Table of Contents: Die Ozeane sind nicht nur der gröt︢e Lebensraum der Erde, sondern auch der am wenigsten erforschte. Die unermessliche Vielfalt dieses Ökosystems beginnen wir erst jetzt bis in die letzten Winkel zu begreifen auch wie wichtig das Meer für unser Leben ist. Im letzten Jahrhundert hat jedoch die Herrschaft des Menschen über die Natur auch die Ozeane erreicht: Wir fischen die Meere leer und füllen sie stattdessen mit Umweltgiften. Tiefseebergbau droht den Lebensraum unzähliger Pflanzen und Tiere bis zur Unkenntlichkeit zu verändern. Die Klimaerwärmung liess bereits ein Viertel aller Korallen zugrunde gehen. In seinem aufrüttelnden Buch beschreibt der Meeresbiologe und schützer Callum Roberts den grossen Reichtum der Ozeane und ihren Wandel, und er ruft dazu auf, der Zerstörung der Meere endlich Einhalt zu gebieten, denn noch ist es nicht zu spät

Description / Table of Contents: Wir lieben das Meer und fürchten seine Gewalt. Wir nutzen es für die Seefahrt, und seit Jahrtausenden ernährt es uns. Aber erst jetzt beginnen wir diesen gigantischen Lebensraum in seinem Reichtum und in seiner Bedeutung für das Ökosystem Erde zu begreifen. Doch das Meer verändert sich unter dem Einfluss des Menschen, und der Wandel vollzieht sich immer schneller. Der scheinbar unerschöpfliche Ozean ist von Zerstörung bedroht. (Quelle: Text Verlagseinband / Verlag)

Description / Table of Contents: For anyone seeking to create meaning out of life, inspire others with publication of research discoveries and insights, and help the world become a better place within which to live and work, action research holds great promise as an approach. The challenge is to do it well and with rigor. The Handbook is a magnificent collection of articles that will help the reader do all of that` - Richard E. Boyatzis, Case Western Reserve University and ESADE `This second volume will be a welcome extension of the landmark first volume of the SAGE Handbook of Action Research. It effectively secures the field`s `second wave` in a particularly powerful and creative articulation of well-theorised practice. It could not be more timely for a fast-growing field that has attracted recent appreciation from parties as disparate as Shell, 3M, Australian Aboriginal women in outback Australia working to prevent harm to children and the Secretary General of the UN` - Yoland Wadsworth `For anyone thinking about or doing action research, this book is an obligatory point of reference. If any one text both maps the action research paradigm, and at the same time moves it on, this is it` - Bill Cooke, Manchester Business School Building on the strength of the seminal first edition, the The SAGE Handbook of Action Research has been completley updated to bring chapters in line with the latest qualitative and quantitative approaches in this field of social inquiry. Peter Reason and Hilary Bradbury have introduced new part commentaries that draw links between different contributions and show their interrelations. Throughout, the contributing authors really engage with the pragmatics of doing action research and demonstrate how this can be a rich and rewarding reflective practice. They tackle questions of how to integrate knowledge with action, how to collaborate with co-researchers in the field, and how to present the necessarily `messy` components in a coherent fashion. The organization of the volume reflects the many different issues and levels of analysis represented. This volume is an essential resource for scholars and professionals engaged in social and political inquiry, organizational research and education.

Description / Table of Contents: "The environment and contested notions of sustainability are increasingly topics of public interest, political debate, and legislation across the world. Environmental education journals now publish research from a wide variety of methodological traditions that show linkages between the environment, health, development, and education. This growth in scholarship makes this an opportune time to review and consolidate the knowledge base of the environmental education (EE) field. The purpose of this 51-chapter handbook is not only to illuminate the most important concepts, findings and theories that have been developed by EE research, but also to critically examine the historical progression of the field, its current debates and controversies, what is still missing from the EE research agenda, and where that agenda might be headed. Published for the American Educational Research Association (AERA)"--

Description / Table of Contents: Energy justice is one of the most critical and yet least-developed concepts associated with sustainability. Much has been written about the sustainability of low-carbon energy, but less attention has been directed at the social and equity implications. Drawing on original expert research, this unique collection offers new thinking on how interactions between climate change, energy policy, and equity and social justice can be understood and develops a critical agenda for energy justice research

Description / Table of Contents: Literaturverz. S. [261] - 278

Description / Table of Contents: Verlagsinfo: Die rasanten Entwicklungen in der Umweltpolitik in den vergangenen Jahren führten zu umfangreichen Anpassungen in diesem beliebten Lehrbuch, die insbesondere die anwendungsorientierten Abschnitte betreffen. Hier wurden vor allem die Kapitel über die Umweltinstrumente (Auflagen, Steuern, Zertifikate), die Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse sowie die internationalen Umweltaspekte (bspw. Klimakonferenzen) grundlegend aktualisiert. Darüber hinaus enthält das Kapitel zur Ressourcenökonomie nun ebenfalls eine anwendungsbezogene Diskussion.

Description / Table of Contents: On the surface: symptoms of death and rebirth -- Structure: systemic disconnects -- Transforming thought: the matrix of economic evolution -- Source: connecting to intention and awareness -- Leading the personal inversion: from me to we -- Leading the relational inversion: from ego to eco -- Leading the institutional inversion: toward eco-system economies -- Leading from the emerging future: now

Description / Table of Contents: Allein auf technologische Innovationen und lineares Wachstum zu setzen, reicht nicht länger, um die fundamentalen Umbrüche dieser Zeit zu bewältigen. Ein neues Fortschrittsverständnis gewinnt an Kontur, in dem soziale, institutionelle und systemische Innovationen von zentraler Bedeutung sind. Damit stellen sich auch neue Anforderungen an die Wissenschaft.

Description / Table of Contents: The Arctic tundra, covering approx. 5.5 % of the Earth’s land surface, is one of the last ecosystems remaining closest to its untouched condition. Remote sensing is able to provide information at regular time intervals and large spatial scales on the structure and function of Arctic ecosystems. But almost all natural surfaces reveal individual anisotropic reflectance behaviors, which can be described by the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). This effect can cause significant changes in the measured surface reflectance depending on solar illumination and sensor viewing geometries. The aim of this thesis is the hyperspectral and spectro-directional reflectance characterization of important Arctic tundra vegetation communities at representative Siberian and Alaskan tundra sites as basis for the extraction of vegetation parameters, and the normalization of BRDF effects in off-nadir and multi-temporal remote sensing data. Moreover, in preparation for the upcoming German EnMAP (Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program…

Description / Table of Contents: The Arctic is considered as a focal region in the ongoing climate change debate. The currently observed and predicted climate warming is particularly pronounced in the high northern latitudes. Rising temperatures in the Arctic cause progressive deepening and duration of permafrost thawing during the arctic summer, creating an ‘active layer’ with high bioavailability of nutrients and labile carbon for microbial consumption. The microbial mineralization of permafrost carbon creates large amounts of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide and methane, which can be released to the atmosphere, creating a positive feedback to global warming. However, to date, the microbial communities that drive the overall carbon cycle and specifically methane production in the Arctic are poorly constrained. To assess how these microbial communities will respond to the predicted climate changes, such as an increase in atmospheric and soil temperatures causing increased bioavailability of organic carbon, it is necessary to investigate the current status …

Description / Table of Contents: How do people excluded from political life achieve political agency? Through a series of historical events that have been mostly overlooked by political theorists, Martin Breaugh identifies fleeting yet decisive instances of emancipation in which people took it upon themselves to become political subjects. Emerging during the Roman plebs's first secession in 494 BCE, the plebeian experience consists of an underground or unexplored configuration of political strategies to obtain political freedom. The people reject domination through political praxis and concerted action, therefore establishing an alternative form of power. Breaugh's study concludes in the nineteenth century and integrates ideas from sociology, philosophy, history, and political science. Organized around diverse case studies, his work undertakes exercises in political theory to show how concepts provide a different understanding of the meaning of historical events and our political present. The Plebeian Experience describes a recurring phenomenon that clarifies struggles for emancipation throughout history, expanding research into the political agency of the many and shedding light on the richness of radical democratic struggles from ancient Rome to Occupy Wall Street and beyond.

Description / Table of Contents: Geological techniques are widely used in two aspects of serious criminal investigations: (1) the search for clandestine burial sites, based on near-surface geophysics or through the detection of decomposition signals and (2) the analysis of trace evidence to identify its source location or test the possible association between the trace evidence and a known location of an offence. Although geoforensics is used in such investigations world-wide there are still considerable gaps in the published literature. In addition, there is increasing concern regarding the illegal release of wastes either into the atmosphere, water courses or on to the land surface, and a growing realization that the techniques used in criminal forensics are equally useful in the investigation of environmental crime. This book bridges the gap between environmental and criminal geoforensics with conceptual, methodological and case study contributions. This demonstrates the significant potential that geoforensics holds for investigating and regulatory officers.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface to the first edition. - Preface to the second editon. - List of figures. - List of tables. - List of symbols. - List of abbreviations. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Drift ice material. - 2.1 Sea ice cover. - 2.2 Ice floes to drift ice particles. - 2.3 Sea ice growth and melting. - 2.4 Ice thickness distribution. - 2.5 Sea ice ridges. - 2.6 Drift ice state. - 3 Ice kinematics. - 3.1 Description of ice velocity field. - 3.2 Observations. - 3.3 Stochastic modelling. - 3.4 Conservation of ice. - 4 Sea ice rheology. - 4.1 General. - 4.2 Viscous laws. - 4.3 Plastic laws. - 4.4 Granular floe collision models. - 4.5 Scaling of ice strength. - 5 Equation of drift ice motion. - 5.1 Derivation of the equation of motion. - 5.2 Atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers. - 5.3 Sea ice-ocean interaction. - 5.4 Scale analysis. - 5.5 Dynamics of a single ice floe. - 6 Free drift. - 6.1 Steady state solution. - 6.2 Non-steady case. - 6.3 Linear coupled ice-ocean model. - 6.4 Frequency spectrum of free drift. - 6.5 Spatial aspects of free drift. - 7 Drift in the presence of internal friction. - 7.1 The role of internal friction. - 7.2 Channel flow of sea ice. - 7.3 Ice drift along coastal boundary. - 7.4 Zonal sea ice drift. - 7.5 Modelling of ice tank experiments. - 7.6 Timespace scaling of ice drift. - 8 Numerical modelling. - 8.1 Numerical solutions. - 8.2 Examples of sea ice dynamics models. - 8.3 Short-term modelling applications. - 8.4 Oil spills in ice conditions. - 8.5 Climate models. - 9 Use and need of knowledge on ice drift. - 9.1 Science. - 9.2 Practice. - 9.3 Final comments. - 10 Study problems. - 10.1 Problems. - 10.2 Instructions and solutions. - 11 References. - Index.

Description / Table of Contents: This new edition of The drift of sea ice brings the theory, observations and practical applications of research into sea ice drift completely up to date, taking in to account and discussing the many new scientific results which have been published, in particular connected with thermodynamics, ice-ocean interaction, scaling, and numerical model applications in short-term and climate forecasting. This revised and expanded text presents the geophysical theory, observations from field programs, mathematical modelling techniques, and applications of sea ice drift science. It shows how the fundamental laws of sea ice drift come from the material properties of sea ice and the basic laws of mechanics. The book provides detailed analytical modelling and mathematical models and presents the construction of numerical ice drift models. The drift of sea ice gives a collection of worked examples on sea ice dynamics; details the derivation of the fundamental laws of sea ice dynamics in an understandable form; teaches methods for local and regional ice forecasting for ice engineering applications; analyses the system of equations for the general properties of sea ice drift and the derivation of the free drift model and analytical models for ice drift in the presence of internal friction; makes an excellant source book for climate research concerning the role of sea ice dynamics in the global climate.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Introduction ; 2 Ghana's industrial policy context ; 3 Description of the policymaking process ; 4 Outputs of the industrial policy process ; 5 Coordination mechansim ; 6 Concluding remarks and lessons learnt

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Die Versuchsanlage im ehemaligen Revier Preschen ; 2 Aufgabenstellung und Versuchsfragen ; 3 Zusammenfassung ; 4 Versuchsergebnisse nach Baumarten ; 5 Versuchsergebnisse allgemein ; 6 Nutzung der erzielten Ergebnisse für den Waldumbau auf degradierten Z2-Standorten in Mittel- und Südbrandenburg ; 7 Beurteilung der Ergebnisse im Rahmen des Klimawandels und Vorschläge für die Bewirtschaftung ziemlich nährstoffarmer Standorte im südlichen Brandenburg ; 8 Anlagen

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Emerging professions and expertise ; Market strategies and structures ; Operational, organizational, and cultural change ; Perceptions, frames, and narratives ; Perspectives on the future

Description / Table of Contents: This volume covers many of the important advances in the geological sciences from 1963 to 2013. These advances include understanding plate tectonics, exploration of the Moon and Mars, development of new computing and analytical technologies, understanding of the role of microbiology in geologic processes, and many others.

Description / Table of Contents: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Mitarbeiter des Beirats. - Danksagung. - Kästen. - Tabellen. - Abbildungen. - Akronyme. - Zusammenfassung. - Einleitung. - 1 Die Meere im Anthropozän. - 1.1 Nutzung der Meere. - 1.2 Die Bedrohung der Meere. - 1.3 Mögliche neue Nutzungen. - 1.4 Die Zukunft des Ökosystems Meer gestalten. - 2 Weltgesellschaft und Gesellschaftsvertrag. - 2.1 Weltgesellschaft und Weltmeere. - 2.2 Ein Gesellschaftsvertrag für die Meere. - 3 Governance anthropogener Meeresnutzung. - 3.1 Spezifika der Meere. - 3.2 Völkerrechtlicher Rahmen der Meeres-Governance: UNCLOS. - 3.3 Globale Meeres-Governance: UN-Institutionen und Aktivitäten. - 3.4 Regionale Governance der Meere. - 3.5 Private Governance der Meere. - 3.6 Ausgewählte Instrumente. - 3.7 Folgerungen. - 4 Nahrung aus dem Meer. - 4.1 Marine Fischerei. - 4.2 Aquakultur. - 4.3 Wechselwirkungen zwischen Fischerei und Aquakultur. - 4.4 Systemische Wirkungen: Land/Meer-Interaktionen und Rückkopplungen mit dem Erdsystem. - 4.5 Folgerungen. - 5 Energie aus dem Meer. - 5.1 Fossile Energieträger aus dem Meer. - 5.2Erneuerbare Energien. - 5.3 Vision für ein marines Energiesystem der Zukunft. - 5.4 Governance. - 5.5 Folgerungen. - 6 Synthese: Die blaue Revolution. - 6.1 Die Meere als gemeinsames Erbe der Menschheit. - 6.2 Expansion in die Meere. - 6.3 Eine neue Initiative für den Schutz und die nachhaltige Nutzung der Meere. - 6.4 Elemente einer neuen Meerespolitik. - 7 Handlungsempfehlungen. - 7.1 Handlungsleitende Prinzipien einer künftigen Meeres-Governance. - 7.2 Die WBGU-Vision einer umfassenden Reform des internationalen Seerechts. - 7.3 Handlungsempfehlungen: Der Weg zu einer umfassenden Seerechtsreform. - 7.4 Nahrung aus dem Meer. - 7.5 Energienutzung aus dem Meer für die Energiesystemtransformation. - 8 Empfehlungen für Forschung und Bildung. - 8.1 Forschung im Kontext der Transformation zur Nachhaltigkeit. - 8.2 Transformationsforschung für die Meere. - 8.3 Transformative Forschung für die Meere. - 8.4 Empfehlungen zur Forschungspolitik. - 9 Literatur. - 10 Glossar.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Introduction ; 2. Data, variables and estimations ; 3. Results ; 4. Analysis ; 5. Conclusion

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Die Energiewende ist bis 2022 nicht zu schaffen ; 2 Die Zielmarke 2050: So lange im Voraus kann man doch gar nicht planen ; 3 Die emeuerbaren Energien brauchen ein Tempolimit ; 4 Es drohen Blackouts ; 5 Die Energiewende lässt die Strompreise explodieren ; 6 Es droht ein Kosten-Tsunami ; 7 Die Energiewende führt zu einer Deindustrialisierung in Deutschland ; 8 Wir brauchen keine Planwirtschaft - die Energiewirtschaft braucht Markt ; 9 Die Energiewende führt zur sozialen Verelendung oder: Die FDP und die soziale Frage ; 10 Mit seinem Alleingang isoliert sich Deutschland und gerät international ins Abseits ; Es ist an der Zeit, entschieden zu handeln!

Description / Table of Contents: This volume studies the driving dynamic for thick-skin tectonics. It evaluates the role of various factors that control the development of thick-skin architecture. The studied driving dynamics include individual plate movement rates, overall convergence rates, orogen movement sense with respect to mantle flow and pro-wedge versus retro-wedge location. Numerous internal factors that influence the architecture of thick-skinned dominated orogens have been considered. These include the role of the rheology of the deforming layers, the presence or absence of potential detachment horizons, basement buttresses, crustal thickness variations, inherited strength contrasts and the impact of pre-existing anisotropy in thick-skin orogenic deformation. External factors discussed include the role of both syn-tectonic erosion and deposition in deformation. The study areas begin with worldwide examples and close with a detailed coverage of the Northern Andes natural laboratory, which is characterized by particularly robust data coverage.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction ; Chapter 1: Cultural Capital Defined ; Chapter 2: Why Jews, Confucians, and Protestants? ; Chapter 3: Jews ; Chapter 4: Confucians ; Chapter 5: Protestants ; Chapter 6: Other High Achievers I: Basques and Sikhs ; Chapter 7: Other High Achievers II: Mormons and Ismailis ; Chapter 8: Catholic Latin America ; Chapter 9: Latino Immigration into the United States ; Chapter 10: African Americans ; Chapter 11: What to Do

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Introduction ; 2 Science Histories ; 3 Science Economics ; 4 Conserving Science and Composing Nature ; 5 Making Climate Change ; 6 The Circulation of Climate Change ; 7 The Science of Coming Home ; 8 Conclusion

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Part I: Basic principles and theoretical basis ; Measuring vulnerability to promote disaster-resilient societies and to enhance adaptation: Conceptual frameworks and definitions ; Data, indicators and criteria for measuring vulnerability: Theoretical bases and requirements ; Part II: Vulnerability and environmental change ; Environmental components of vulnerability ; Crafting integrated early warning information systems: The case of drought ; Archetypical patterns of vulnerability to environmental change: An approach to bridging scales. Lessons learned from UNEP's Fourth Global Environment Outlook ; Part III: Global, national and sub-national assessment approaches ; Review of global risk index projects: conclusions for sub-national and local approaches ; The Global Risk Analysis for the 2009 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction ; Disaster risk hotspots: A project summary ; The WorldRiskIndex: A concept for the assessment of risk and vulnerability at global/national scales ; System of indicators of disaster risk and risk management for the Americas: Recent updating and application of the IDB-IDEA ; Multi-risk and vulnerability assessment of Europe's regions ; The evolution of the Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) ; Disaster vulnerability assessment: The Tanzania experience ; Assessment of vulnerability to natural hazards and climate change in mountain environments ; Part IV: Local vulnerability assessment ; Community-based risk index: Pilot implementation in Indonesia ; Mapping vulnerability - Integration of GIScience and participatory approaches at the local and district levels ; Vulnerability assessment: The sector approach ; Self-assessment of coping capacity: Participatory, proactive and qualitative engagement of communities in their own risk management ; Part V: Institutional capacities, public sector vulnerability and dynamics of vulnerability ; Assessing institutionalized capacities and practices to reduce the risks of flood disaster ; Public sector fiscal vulnerability to disasters: The IIASA CATSIM model ; Dynamics of vulnerability: Relocation in the context of natural hazards and disasters ; Conclusion

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: I Einführung ; II Das nordostdeutsche Tiefland, naturräumliche Grundlagen ; III Methodische Grundlagen ; IV Soziologische Artengruppen der Waldvegetation ; V Natürliche Waldgesellschaften ; C Wälder auf Armmooren ; D Wälder auf Reichmooren ; E Wälder auf mineralischen Nassstandorten ; F Grundfeuchte Hainbuchenwälder ; G Winterlinden-Hainbuchenwälder ; H Moorbirken-Stieleichenwälder auf bodensauren Mineralböden unter Grundwassereinfluss ; I Winterlinden-Mischwälder ; J Grundwasserferne Eichenwälder auf bodensauren Sandböden ; K Wärmeliebende Eichenwälder (Eichen-Trockenwälder) ; L Hainsimsen-Buchenwälder, Moder-Buchenwälder, Sand-Buchenwälder ; M Waldmeister-Buchenwälder, Braunmull-Buchenwälder, Lehm-Buchenwälder ; N Bingelkraut-Buchenwälder, Mull-Buchenwälder, Kalk-Buchenwälder ; O Buntlaubbaumwälder ; P Natürliche Kiefernwälder auf unvernässten Standorten ; VI Forstgesellschaften ; X Nadelbaum-Forstgesellschaften ; Y Laubbaum-Forstgesellschaften ; VII Vorwälder und Zwischenwälder ; VIII Literatur

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Die Erde im Globalen Wandel ; Globaler Wandel aus dem All ; Belastungsgrenzen der Erde -Leitplanken für die Menschheit ; Globaler Wandel der Biodiversität ; Spuren des Klimawandels: Von den großen Ozeanen zu den kleinen Gletschern im Hochgebirge ; Der Klimawandel und seine Folgen für das Erdsystem ; Herausforderungen des Globalen Wandels ; Die Kommunikation von Risiken in einer Welt im globalen Wandel ; Die europäische Zahlungsbilanzkrise ; Weltemährung im Globalen Wandel ; Ursachen, Folgen und Möglichkeiten zur Bekämpfung der Weltseuche Nährstoffmangel -Hidden Hunger ; Prävention von Zoonosen ; Sicherung gesunder tierischer Nahrungsmittel ; Lösungswege von Problemen des Globalen Wandels ; Dilemma zwischen Energie-und Nahrungspflanzen? ; Perspektiven der Roten Gentechnik ; Globale Energiewende Wege zu einer nachhaltigen Energieversorgung ; Solarthermische Kraftwerke in Europa, dem Nahen Osten und Nordafrika: Ausschöpfung des Potenzials ; Dekarbonisierung im Baustoffsektor ; Politische und gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen und Lösungswege von Problemen des Globalen Wandels ; Herausforderungen globaler gesellschaftlicher Veränderungen ; Gesundheitspolitische Maßnahmen angesichts der Last chronischer Krankheiten ; Instrumente zur Vermittlung von Wertewandel und Verhaltensänderungen im nachhaltigen Umgang mit den Ressourcen der Erde

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Partizipation und Klimawandel - Zur Einleitung ; Normative Ansprüche und Anwendung von Partizipation ; Herausforderungen für eine integrative Perspektive in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Klimafolgenforschung ; Klimaanpassungspolitiken in Deutschland - Welche Rolle spielt Gerechtigkeit? ; Demokratische Planung der Klimaanpassung? Über die Fallstricke partizipativer Verfahren im expertokratischen Staat ; Aufklärung und/oder Partizipation - Diskussionspapier ; Anpassung an die Folgen des Klimawandels durch Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung bei Verwaltungsverfahren? ; Partizipation von Praxispartnern: Wer repräsentiert die Landwirtschaft in INKA BB? ; Konzeptionelle Überlegungen zum Begriff "Betroffenheit" in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Partizipationsforschung - Diskussionspapier ; Etablierte Partizipationslandschaften. Hemmnis für Innovationen zur nachhaltigen regionalen Entwicklung und zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel? ; Vielfalt und Methode - Über den Umgang mit spannungsreichen Anforderungen beim Formulieren eines Klimaanpassungsprogramms am Beispiel von REGKLAM ; Partizipative Methoden und Instrumente ; Partizipative Planungs- und Entscheidungsprozesse zur Entwicklung von Klimaanpassungsstrategien in INKA BB ; Partizipation in Regionalen Integrierten Vulnerabilitätsassessments. Ein kritischer Vergleich von 14 Fallbeispielen im Bereich Klimawandel ; Chancen und Grenzen visualisierender Partizipations-Tools ; Zur Rolle der Forschenden beim Praktizieren von Partizipation - Diskussionspapier ; Synthese ; Partizipation und Klimawandel - ein Resümee

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Indigenous peoples and biodiversity in the Arctic. - 1 Synthesis: Implications for Conservation. - 2 Species Diversity in the Arctic. - 3 Mammals. - 4 Birds. - 5 Amphibians and Reptiles. - 6 Fishes. - 7 Terrestrial and Freshwater Invertebrates. - 8 Marine Invertebrates. - 9 Plants. - 10 Fungi. - 11 Microorganisms. - 12 Terrestrial Ecosystems. - 13 Freshwater Ecosystems. - 14 Marine Ecosystems. - 15 Parasites. - 16 Invasive Species: Human-Induced. - 17 Genetics. - 18 Provisioning and Cultural Services. - 19 Disturbance, Feedbacks and Conservations. - 20 Linguistic Diversity.

Description / Table of Contents: The eyes of the world are turning northwards. In recent years, interest in the Arctic has increased dramatically within and outside of Arctic countries. This is reflected in the amount of attention given to Arctic biodiversity. While the landscapes and wildlife have been the subject of explorers, scientists, artists and photographers as well as the home of a variety of peoples for a long time, until recently Arctic biodiversity did not feature very prominently in national or international policy work. This, however, is changing, as the unique values of Arctic nature are increasingly discussed at high levels. At the same time, more and more attention has been paid to the interface between science and policy to ensure that policy is built on the best science available. Biodiversity is life. It is the very foundation of our existence on Earth. In the Arctic, links between biodiversity and traditional ways of life are often seen more clearly than in many other parts of the world. These are examples of ecosystem services, the benefits that we receive from nature. Many ecosystems and ecosystem functions in the Arctic remain largely unstudied and involve little-known organisms, especially microbes. The Arctic Biodiversity Assessment presents current knowledge also on these processes and organisms and thus provides a base for further work.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Foreword ; Part 1 - Special Review of Water-Energy Nexus Challenges in China ; Commentaries ; Part 2 - Special Focus on China's troubled lakes ; Feature Boxes ; Part 3 - Spotlight on NGO Activism in China

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Wie Kulturpflanzen Menschheitsgeschichte schrieben ; 2 Einige biologische Grundlagen ; 3 Jäger und Sammler ; 4 Die ersten Ackerbauern ; 5 Entstehung von Kulturpflanzen und Landwirtschaft an anderen Orten der Welt ; 6 Landwirtschaft an den großen Strömen des Orients ; 7 Früher Ackerbau am Mittelmeer8 Früher Ackerbau in Südost- und Mitteleuropa ; 9 Neue Kulturpflanzen und Ausweitung des Siedellandes in Europa ; 10 Zivilisationen und Barbaren: Zwei Landnutzungssysteme stoßen aufeinander ; 11 Ein neues Landnutzungssystem im Mittelalter ; 12 Sonderformen des mittelalterlichen Kulturpflanzenanbaus ; 13 Globalisierung der Kulturpflanzen ; 14 Die Vielfalt an Gemüse, Salat und Obst ; 15 Reform der Landnutzung und Aufschwung des Welthandels ; 16 Die moderne Landwirtschaft und der kritische Verbraucher ; 17 Der Regenwald und der Supermarkt

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Council Staff . - Acknowledgments. - Boxes. - Tables. - Figures. - Acronyms and Abbreviations. - Summary. - Introduction. - 1 The Oceans in the Anthropocene. - 1.1 Use of the oceans. - 1.1.1 The legendary sea and its cultural meanings. - 1.1.2 Food from the sea. - 1.1.3 Ocean shipping and maritime trade. - 1.1.4 The sea as a dump for waste and waste water. - 1.1.5 Energy from the sea. - 1.1.6 Marine mining and resource extraction. - 1.1.7 The economic value of marine ecosystems. - 1.2 Threats to the oceans. - 1.2.1 Physical destruction of ecosystems. - 1.2.2 Overfishing. - 1.2.3 Impacts of marine pollution. - 1.2.3.1 Results of chemical pollution. - 1.2.3.2 Results of plastic pollution. - 1.2.3.3 Radioactive contamination. - 1.2.4 Warming. - 1.2.5 CO2 input and acidification. - 1.2.6 Low-oxygen zones. - 1.2.7 Sea-level rise. - 1.2.8 Aggregated effects. - 1.3 Possible new uses. - 1.3.1 Renewable energy. - 1.3.2 Raw materials. - 1.3.3 Marine genetic resources. - 1.3.4 New developments in marine aquaculture. - 1.4 Shaping the future of the marine ecosystem. - 1.4.1 Primary principles and values. - 1.4.2 Guiding principle for human interaction with the oceans. - 1.4.2.1 Think systemically: Regard and maintain the sea as an ecosystem and aspart of the Earth system. - 1.4.2.2 Act in a precautionary way: Take uncertainty and ignorance into account. - 1.4.2.3 Cooperate: overcoming the tragedy of the commons. - 1.4.3 Exemplary specification of the guiding principle for the sustainable stewardship of the marine ecosystem. - 2 Global Society and Social Contract. - 2.1 Global society and world's oceans. - 2.1.1 The global society in the Anthropocene. - 2.1.2 The emerging global society and global society theory. - 2.1.3 The cosmopolitan challenge. - 2.1.4 Global appreciation of the oceans. - 2.2 A social contract for the seas. - 2.2.1 A social contract as a basis for the Great Transformation. - 2.2.2 Reform of ocean governance. - 3 Governance of Human Ocean Use. - 3.1 Specifics of the seas. - 3.1.1 Oceans as part of the Earth system. - 3.1.2 Demands on marine policy caused by knowledge gaps. - 3.1.3 Oceans as a global public and common good. - 3.1.4 Touchstones for assessing the existing governanceof the oceans. - 3.1.5 Common heritage of mankind. - 3.2 Ocean governance in international law: UNCLOS. - 3.2.1 Zoning of the oceans by UNCLOS. - 3.2.1.1 Territorial sea. - 3.2.1.2 Contiguous zone. - 3.2.1.3 Exclusive economic zone. - 3.2.1.4 Continental shelf. - 3.2.1.5 High seas. - 3.2.1.6 The Area. - 3.2.2 Regulations of UNCLOS on the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans. - 3.2.3 Institutions of UNCLOS. - 3.2.3.1 International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. - 3.2.3.2 International Seabed Authority and the seabed regime. - 3.2.4 Assessment of UNCLOS. - 3.2.4.1 Systemic perspective. - 3.2.4.2 Precautionary principle. - 3.2.4.3 Adaptive management. - 3.2.4.4 Incentives for innovation. - 3.2.4.5 Assignment of rights of use. - 3.2.4.6 Cooperation. - 3.2.4.7 Subsidiary decision-making structures. - 3.2.4.8 Transparent information. - 3.2.4.9 Participative decision-making structures. - 3.2.4.10 Fair distribution mechanisms. - 3.2.4.11 Conflict-resolution mechanisms. - 3.2.4.12 Enforcement mechanisms. - 3.2.5 Core problems and challenges of future ocean governance. - 3.3 Global ocean governance: UN institutions and activities. - 3.3.1 Actors: UN bodies and specialized organizations. - 3.3.1.1 UN General Assembly and UNSecretary-General. - 23.3.1.2 Rio Process. - 3.3.1.3 International Maritime Organization. - 3.3.1.4 UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanic Commission. - 3.3.1.5 UN Environmental Programme (UNEP). - 3.3.1.6 UN-Oceans. - 3.3.1.7 Global Environment Facility (GEF). - 3.3.1.8 World Bank Group. - 3.3.2 UN conventions relating to the oceans. - 3.3.2.1 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). - 3.3.2.2 Negotiations on a new implementing agreement on marine biodiversityon the high seas. - 3.3.2.3 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). - 3.3.2.4 UNESCO World Heritage Convention and World Heritage Marine Programme. - 3.3.2.5 MARPOL and SOLAS. - 3.3.2.6 London Convention and London Protocol. - 3.4 Regional ocean governance. - 3.4.1 UNEP Regional Seas Programme. - 3.4.2 Regional seas agreements. - 3.4.2.1 Task areas. - 3.4.2.2 Institutionalization: governance mechanisms and capacity. - 3.4.2.3 Cooperation, coordination, coherence and complementarity. - 3.4.3 EU marine policy. - 3.5 Private ocean governance. - 3.5.1 Options and limitations. - 3.5.2 Example: eco-labels and sustainability labels. - 3.6 Selected instruments. - 3.6.1 Environmental monitoring. - 3.6.2 Marine protected areas and marine spatial planning. - 3.6.2.1 Marine protected areas. - 3.6.2.2 Marine spatial planning. - 3.6.3 Integrated coastal-zone management.. - 3.6.4 Environmental standards. - 3.6.5 Environmental liability. - 3.6.6 Sanctions. - 3.6.7 Class actions. - 3.6.8 International financial transfers. - 3.7 Conclusions. - 4 Food from the Sea. - 4.1 Marine fishery. - 4.1.1 Status and trends of fisheries. - 4.1.2 Importance and effects of fisheries. - 4.1.2.1 Food and food security. - 4.1.2.2 Socioeconomic significance and effects. - 4.1.2.3 Ecological significance and effects. - 4.1.2.4 Small-scale marine fisheries in the global context. - 4.1.3 Sustainable fisheries management: methods and instruments. - 4.1.3.1 Ecosystem approach and precautionary principle as the basis for sustainable fishing. - 4.1.3.2 Knowledge-based fisheries management. - 4.1.3.3 Instruments for the sustainable management of fish-stocks. - 4.1.3.4 Minimizing the ecological risks and side effects of fisheries. - 4.1.3.5 Monitoring and enforcement. - 4.1.3.6 Costs and financing the transition towards sustainable fisheries. - 4.1.4 International fisheries governance: institutions and focal points. - 4.1.4.1 Political objectives. - 4.1.4.2 The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. - 4.1.4.3 The FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. - 4.1.4.4 Fisheries governance on the high seas: the UN Fish Stocks Agreement and regional fisheries management organizations. - 4.1.4.5 Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing. - 4.1.4.6 The external dimension of the EU Common Fisheries Policy. - 4.1.4.7 Subsidies in the fishing industry. - 4.1.4.8 International trade and trade policy. - 4.2 Aquaculture. - 4.2.1 Definitions and principles. - 4.2.2 State of aquaculture and trends. - 4.2.2.1 Growth and regional overview. - 4.2.2.2 Contribution to food security and poverty reduction. - 4.2.2.3 Environmental risks from aquaculture and conflicts over use at the coasts. - 4.2.2.4 Promoting ecologically sustainable aquaculture. - 4.2.3 Governance of aquaculture. - 4.2.3.1 Fundamental prerequisites for a sustainable form of aquaculture. - 4.2.3.2 Selected instruments for promoting sustainable aquaculture. - 4.2.3.3 Research and development for sustainable aquaculture. - 4.2.4 International and regional governance in aquaculture. - 4.2.4.1 International level. - 4.2.4.2 European Union. - 4.2.4.3 Regional seas agreements. - 4.3 Interactions between fisheries and aquaculture. - 4.3.1 Forage fisheries and breeding from wild-caught fish. - 4.3.2 Competition between uses. - 4.3.3 Reducing the proportion of fishmeal and fish oil used in aquaculture feeds. - 4.4 Systemic effects: land/sea interactions and feedbackloops with the Earth system. - 4.4.1 Climate change. - 4.4.2 Acidification. - 4.4.3 Low-oxygen zones and eutrophication. - 4.4.4 Anthropogenic pollution. - 4.4.5 Synergistic effects. - 4.5 Conclusions. - 5 Energy from the sea. - 5.1 Fossil energy carriers from the sea. - 5.1.1 Resource availability of fossil energy carriers. - 5.1.2 Technologies of offshore extraction. - 5.1.3 Environmental impact of fossil energy use. - 5.1.4 Infrastructure. - 5.1.4.1 Mineral oil. - 5.1.4.2 Natural gas. - 5.1.4.3 Carbon dioxide. - 5.1.5 Costs. - 5.1.6 Prospects of fossil-fuel extraction in the oceans. - 5.1.7 Conclusions. - 5.2 Renewable energy. - 5.2.1 Technological possibilities of offshore wind energy and marine energies. - 5.2.1.1 Development status of offshore wind energy. - 5.2.1.2 Development status of marine-energy technologies. - 5.2.2 Global potential of sea-based renewable power generation. - 5.2.2.1 Offshore wind energy. - 5.2.2.2 Marine energies. - 5.2.3 Environmental impact of marine renewable-energy generation. - 5.2.4 Infrastructure. - 5.2.4.1 Offshore logistics for renewable energy. - 5.2.4.2 Offshore storage technologies. - 5.2.5 Costs. - 5.2.5.1 Offshore wind energy. - 5.2.5.2 Marine energies. - 5.3 Vision of a future marine energy system. - 5.3.1 The status quo of marine energy generation. - 5.3.2 A future renewable marine energy system. - 5.3.3 Transformation of the marine energy system - from the status quo to the futureenergy system. - 5.4 Governance. - 5.4.1 Energy policy. - 5.4.2 Marine policy. - 5.4.2.1 Marine spatial planning. - 5.4.2.2 Construction of installations in the sea. - 5.4.2.3 Regulation of oil and gas production. - 5.4.2.4 Regulations on the storage of CO2 in the sea or the seabed. - 5.4.3 Promotion of innovation. - 5.4.3.1 Promotion of systemic innovation. - 5.4.3.2 Technology development. - 5.4.3.3 Innovation potential. - 5.4.3.4 Measures. - 5.5 Conclusions. - 6 Synthesis: The Blue Revolution. - 6.1 The oceans as the common heritage of mankind. - 6.2 Expansion into the oceans. - 6.3 A new initiative for the conservation and sustainable use of the seas. - 6.4 Elements of a new marine policy. - 7 Recommendations for Action. - 7.1 Guiding principles for future ocean governance. - 7.1.1 The oceans as the 'common heritage of mankind'. - 7.1.2 The systemic approach. - 7.1.3 The precautionary principle. - 7.1.4 Ten criteria for a future system of ocean governance. - 7.1.5 Implementation and enforcement. - 7.1.6 A social contract for the seas. - 7.2 The WBGU's vision of a comprehensive reform of the international law of the sea. - 7.2.1 The common heritage of mankind, the systemic approach and the precautionaryprinciple: three guiding principles for ocean management. - 7.2.2 Institutional changes. - 7.2.2.1 A global steward of the seas: the World Oceans Organization. - 7.2.2.2 Regional stewards of the seas: Regional Marine Management Organizations. - 7.2.2.3 Extend the jurisdiction of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. - 7.2.3 Rights and duties of states parties on the high seas and in EEZs. - 7.2.3.1 Conservation and sustainable use of the high seas. - 7.2.3.2 Conservation and sustainable use of the Exclusive Economic Zones. - 7.2.4 Instruments. - 7.3 Recommendations for action: the road to a comprehensivereform of the law of the sea. - 7.3.1 Strengthen the knowledge and action base of ocean governance. - 7.3.1.1 Improve marine environmental monitoring. - 7.3.1.2 Process scientific knowledge for policy-makers and support the Regular Process. - 7.3.1.3 Set up a multi-stakeholder forum. - 7.3.2 Create the necessary conditions for sustainable management. - 7.3.3 Develop strategies for future ocean governance. - 7.3.3.1 Develop the Oceans Compact into an Integrated World Oceans Strategy. - 7.3.3.2 Ratify regional, national and local marine strategies. - 7.3.3.3 Take on a pioneering role - forge subglobal alliances. - 7.3.4 Support and flesh out the international law of the sea. - 7.3.4.1 Promote the signing, ratification and implementation of UNCLOS. - 7.3.4.2 Reach a new implementing agreement on biological diversity on the high seas. - 7.3.4.3 Advance the UN Fish Stocks Agreement and Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs). - 7.3.5 Strengthen regional ocean governance. - 7.3.5.1 Strengthen and expand the UNEP Regional Seas Programme. - 7.3.5.2 Strengthen regional seas agreements. - 7.3.5.3 Improve dovetailing in regional ocean governance. - 7.3.6 Develop concepts for the joint funding of ocean governance. - 7.3.6.1 Strengthen international financing mechanisms. - 7.3.6.2 Use the mechanisms of the Framework Convention on Climate Change for funding. - 7.3.6.3 Utilize user charges as a source of funding. - 7.3.7 Employ incentive instruments and funding structures. - 7.3.7.1 Create economic incentives for sustainable uses. - 7.3.7.2 Develop funding structures for long-term-oriented investments. - 7.3.8 Strengthen and expand private governance. - 7.3.8.1 Introduce a standardized Europe-wide system of certification for wild-caught fish and seafood. - 7.3.8.2 Improve legal certainty on the WTO-conformity of sustainability standards. - 7.3.9 Considerably expand marine protected areas and spatial planning. - 7.3.9.1 Expand marine protected areas. - 7.3.9.2 Expand cross-border marine spatial planning. - 7.3.10 Promote the harmonization of existing liability regimes. - 7.4 Food from the sea. - 7.4.1 Recommendations for action on marine fisheries. - 7.4.1.1 Overall recommendations for a change of course in fisheries. - 7.4.1.2 Improve the preconditions for knowledge-based fishery. - 7.4.1.3 Reduce subsidies. - 7.4.1.4 Stop wastefulness. - 7.4.1.5 Combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing. - 7.4.1.6 Take into account climate change, ocean acidification and other systemic effects. - 7.4.1.7 Reform the European Union's Common Fisheries Policy. - 7.4.1.8 Marine small-scale fisheries in the global context. - 7.4.2 Recommendations for action on aquaculture. - 7.4.2.1 Improve knowledge and data resources. - 7.4.2.2 Promote the development of sustainable aquaculture systems. - 7.4.2.3 Implement international and EU-wide recommendations. - 7.4.2.4 Strengthen economic policy supporting sustainable aquaculture. - 7.4.2.5 Promote cooperation, prevent conflicts. - 7.4.3 Fishing and aquaculture as elements of integrated strategies for food security. - 7.5 Use of energy from the sea for the energy-system transformation. - 7.5.1 Integrated energy, marine and innovation policiesfor the energy-system transformation. - 7.5.1.1 Energy policy. - 7.5.1.2 Marine policy. - 7.5.1.3 Innovation policy. - 7.5.2 Build an offshore supergrid. - 7.5.3 Refrain from marine methane hydrate mining. - 7.5.4 Develop regulations for sub-seabed CCS. - 8 Recommendations for Research and Education. - 8.1 Research in the context of the transformation towards sustainability. - 8.1.1 Key types of research. - 8.1.2 Innovative approaches in German marine research. - 8.2 Transformation research for the oceans. - 8.2.1 Conceptual background. - 8.2.2 Research recommendations. - 8.3 Transformative research for the seas. - 8.3.1 Research on global change. - 8.3.2 Ocean governance. - 8.3.2.1 Ocean governance for the transformation towards sustainability. - 8.3.2.2 Policy instruments for new challenges. - 8.3.3 Food from the sea. - 8.3.3.1 Fisheries. - 8.3.3.2 Aquaculture. - 8.3.3.3 Overarching issues. - 8.3.4 Energy from the sea. - 8.3.4.1 Technology research. - 8.3.4.2 Research on environmental hazards and risks. - 8.4 Recommendations on research policy. - 8.4.1 Stronger integration of interdisciplinary marine research into research programmes. - 8.4.2 Stronger institutionalization of interdisciplinary marine research. - 8.4.3 Strengthening of the interface between science and society in marine research. - 9 References. - 10 Glossary.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 The modern macroeconomic approach, and the arrow-debreu-mckenzie model ; 2 Prices, efficiency, and macroeconomics ; 3 Macroeconomists, efficiency, and inequality ; 4 Macroeconomic shortcuts ; 5 Benchmark macroeconomic models and policy advice ; 6 Macroeconomic theory and recent events

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Einführung ; Benötigtes Instrumentarium in Kurzform ; Teil 1: Spielen - entscheiden - planen: Ein Warm-up zur Modellierung ; Spieltheorie ; Gruppenentscheidungen ; Zeitpläne ; Wiener-Prozesse ; Teil 2: Verkehr auf Highways und Datenhighways: Einmal durch die Simulationspipeline ; Makroskopische Simulation von Straßenverkehr ; Mikroskopische Simulation von Straßenverkehr ; Stochastische Verkehrssimulation ; Teil 3: Dynamische Systeme: Ursache, Wirkung und Wechselwirkung ; Populationsdynamik ; Regelung ; Chaostheorie ; Teil 4: Physik im Rechner: Aufbruch zum Zahlenfressen ; Molekulardynamik ; Wärmeleitung ; Strömungsmechanik ; Globale Beleuchtung in der Computergraphik

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction -- The Global Picture -- Sub-Saharan Africa: Food Production at Risk -- South East Asia: Coastal Zones and Productivity at Risk -- South Asia: Extremes of Water Scarcity and Excess -- 6 Global Projections of Sectoral and Inter-sectoral Impacts and Risks -- Appendixes

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 Designing energy and environmental policies ; 2 Structure of the intertemporal general equilibrium model ; 3 Modeling consumer behavior ; 4 Modeling producer behavior ; 5 Government and the rest of the world ; 6 Model solution ; 7 Externalities ; 8 Policy evaluation ; 9 Confidence intervals ; 10 Epilgue ; Appendix A - D

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction ; Principle one: Water is a human right ; Principle two: Water is a common heritage ; Principle three: Water has rights too ; Principle four: Water can teach us how to live together