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  • *Biological Evolution  (134)
  • *Ecosystem  (132)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (258)
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
  • 2010-2014  (258)
  • 1955-1959
  • 2014  (79)
  • 2011  (179)
Collection
Keywords
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Years
  • 2010-2014  (258)
  • 1955-1959
Year
  • 1
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    Science education. Court to weigh university's decision not to hire astronomer (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin-Frankel, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 24;330(6012):1731. doi: 10.1126/science.330.6012.1731.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21205643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomy/*education ; *Biological Evolution ; Employment/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Kentucky ; *Religion and Science ; United States ; Universities/*legislation & jurisprudence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Has the microbiota played a critical role in the evolution of the adaptive immune system? (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-06
    Description: Although microbes have been classically viewed as pathogens, it is now well established that the majority of host-bacterial interactions are symbiotic. During development and into adulthood, gut bacteria shape the tissues, cells, and molecular profile of our gastrointestinal immune system. This partnership, forged over many millennia of coevolution, is based on a molecular exchange involving bacterial signals that are recognized by host receptors to mediate beneficial outcomes for both microbes and humans. We explore how specific aspects of the adaptive immune system are influenced by intestinal commensal bacteria. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that mediate symbiosis between commensal bacteria and humans may redefine how we view the evolution of adaptive immunity and consequently how we approach the treatment of numerous immunologic disorders.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3159383/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3159383/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Yun Kyung -- Mazmanian, Sarkis K -- AI088626/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK078938/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK083633/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-01A2/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI088626/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI088626-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI088626-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK083633/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK083633-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK083633-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 24;330(6012):1768-73. doi: 10.1126/science.1195568.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21205662" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptive Immunity ; Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/immunology ; Bacteria/immunology ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; *Biological Evolution ; Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Immunity, Innate ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Intestinal Mucosa/immunology/microbiology ; Intestines/immunology/*microbiology ; Metagenome/immunology/*physiology ; Symbiosis ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/cytology/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Trophic downgrading of planet Earth (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-19
    Description: Until recently, large apex consumers were ubiquitous across the globe and had been for millions of years. The loss of these animals may be humankind's most pervasive influence on nature. Although such losses are widely viewed as an ethical and aesthetic problem, recent research reveals extensive cascading effects of their disappearance in marine, terrestrial, and freshwater ecosystems worldwide. This empirical work supports long-standing theory about the role of top-down forcing in ecosystems but also highlights the unanticipated impacts of trophic cascades on processes as diverse as the dynamics of disease, wildfire, carbon sequestration, invasive species, and biogeochemical cycles. These findings emphasize the urgent need for interdisciplinary research to forecast the effects of trophic downgrading on process, function, and resilience in global ecosystems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Estes, James A -- Terborgh, John -- Brashares, Justin S -- Power, Mary E -- Berger, Joel -- Bond, William J -- Carpenter, Stephen R -- Essington, Timothy E -- Holt, Robert D -- Jackson, Jeremy B C -- Marquis, Robert J -- Oksanen, Lauri -- Oksanen, Tarja -- Paine, Robert T -- Pikitch, Ellen K -- Ripple, William J -- Sandin, Stuart A -- Scheffer, Marten -- Schoener, Thomas W -- Shurin, Jonathan B -- Sinclair, Anthony R E -- Soule, Michael E -- Virtanen, Risto -- Wardle, David A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 15;333(6040):301-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1205106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA. jestes@ucsc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21764740" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; *Ecosystem ; *Extinction, Biological ; Feeding Behavior ; *Food Chain ; Humans ; Introduced Species ; Population Dynamics ; Predatory Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Genomics. A genome for the environment (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ebert, Dieter -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 4;331(6017):539-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1202092.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Universitat Basel, Zoological Institute, Vesalgasse 1, 4059 Basel, Switzerland. dieter.ebert@unibas.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21292957" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Daphnia/*genetics/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Evolution, Molecular ; *Gene Duplication ; *Genome ; Phenotype
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Ecology. China aims to turn tide against toxic lake pollution (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1210-1. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6047.1210.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885748" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms/growth & development ; China ; *Ecosystem ; Eutrophication ; *Fresh Water/chemistry/microbiology ; *Harmful Algal Bloom ; Microcystis/*growth & development ; Potamogetonaceae/growth & development ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/*toxicity ; Water Pollution/economics/*prevention & control ; Water Supply
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Extreme ecosystems. Biological dark matter exerts irresistible pull in Yunnan (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1209. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6047.1209.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actinobacteria/*isolation & purification ; *Archaea/isolation & purification/physiology ; Bacteroidetes/*isolation & purification ; China ; *Ecosystem ; Food Chain ; Hot Springs/*microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Hydropower. The legacy of the Three Gorges Dam (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 12;333(6044):817. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6044.817.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21835994" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; China/epidemiology ; *Ecosystem ; *Energy-Generating Resources ; *Environment ; Humans ; *Rivers ; Schistosomiasis/epidemiology/transmission ; Snails ; Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    The pace of shifting climate in marine and terrestrial ecosystems (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-05
    Description: Climate change challenges organisms to adapt or move to track changes in environments in space and time. We used two measures of thermal shifts from analyses of global temperatures over the past 50 years to describe the pace of climate change that species should track: the velocity of climate change (geographic shifts of isotherms over time) and the shift in seasonal timing of temperatures. Both measures are higher in the ocean than on land at some latitudes, despite slower ocean warming. These indices give a complex mosaic of predicted range shifts and phenology changes that deviate from simple poleward migration and earlier springs or later falls. They also emphasize potential conservation concerns, because areas of high marine biodiversity often have greater velocities of climate change and seasonal shifts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burrows, Michael T -- Schoeman, David S -- Buckley, Lauren B -- Moore, Pippa -- Poloczanska, Elvira S -- Brander, Keith M -- Brown, Chris -- Bruno, John F -- Duarte, Carlos M -- Halpern, Benjamin S -- Holding, Johnna -- Kappel, Carrie V -- Kiessling, Wolfgang -- O'Connor, Mary I -- Pandolfi, John M -- Parmesan, Camille -- Schwing, Franklin B -- Sydeman, William J -- Richardson, Anthony J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 4;334(6056):652-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1210288.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, Scotland, UK. michael.burrows@sams.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22053045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biodiversity ; *Climate Change ; *Ecosystem ; Oceans and Seas ; Seasons
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Radioecology. Fukushima radiation creates unique test of marine life's hardiness (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reardon, Sara -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Apr 15;332(6027):292. doi: 10.1126/science.332.6027.292.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21493831" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/*metabolism/*radiation effects ; *Ecosystem ; Food Chain ; Japan ; Pacific Ocean ; Phytoplankton/metabolism/radiation effects ; Radiation Dosage ; *Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics/toxicity ; Seaweed/metabolism/radiation effects ; *Water Pollutants, Radioactive/pharmacokinetics/toxicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Conservation: limits of land sparing (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fischer, Joern -- Batary, Peter -- Bawa, Kamaljit S -- Brussaard, Lijbert -- Chappell, M Jahi -- Clough, Yann -- Daily, Gretchen C -- Dorrough, Josh -- Hartel, Tibor -- Jackson, Louise E -- Klein, Alexandra M -- Kremen, Claire -- Kuemmerle, Tobias -- Lindenmayer, David B -- Mooney, Harold A -- Perfecto, Ivette -- Philpott, Stacy M -- Tscharntke, Teja -- Vandermeer, John -- Wanger, Thomas Cherico -- Von Wehrden, Henrik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 4;334(6056):593; author reply 594-5. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6056.593-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22053026" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Crops, Agricultural/*growth & development ; *Ecosystem ; *Food
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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