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  • Ocean currents  (4)
  • RAFOS floats  (3)
  • Fisheries
  • Humans
  • Industrial Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Seismology
  • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution  (7)
  • 2005-2009  (7)
  • 1950-1954
  • 2005  (7)
  • 1
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: This is the first volume of a "final report" that summarizes, often in a speculative vein, what I have learned over the past 35 years or so about large-scale, low-frequency ocean currents, primarily with support from the Office of Naval Research (ONR). I was also fortunate to have been partially supported by the National Science Foundation and, during the preparation of this report, by the Clark Foundation. This report is meant to be an informal, occasionally anecdotal, state-of-the-art summary account of the World Ocean Circulation (WOC). Seemingly simple questions about how ocean currents behave, such as where various brands of sea water are coming from and going to, have been exciting and difficult research topics for many years. This report is not remotely about "all" of the WOC, it is simply a set of comments about what I have looked into. I believe that the results in this report, although presented in a personal way, are consistent with community wisdom. The report is intended to be readable by non-specialists who have a basic scientific/technical background, especially in other oceanographic areas or meteorology or physics or the geophysical disciplines, not just by specialists in physical oceanography. Anyone wishing to get spun up on the observational basis for the WOC could use this report and associated reference lists as a starting point. Volume I concentrates on the North Atlantic Ocean although there is preliminary discussion of global features. Highlights of this global summary are a new type of composite schematic picture of the World Ocean Circulation in its "upper layers" (Figure I-I) and new summaries (Figures 1-12, 21,91) of the global "thermohaline" circulation.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research, Grant Nos. N00014-89-J-1039 and N00014-95-1-0356, and the Clark Foundation.
    Schlagwort(e): Global ocean circulation ; North Atlantic Circulation ; Ocean currents
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 39418867 bytes
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: The primary objective of this publication is to share with a wider audience the valuable information and extensive dialogue that took place amongst over 140 individuals who attended the second in a series of planned workshops on the science and management of coastal landforms in Massachusetts. This workshop took place at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution on January 24, 2001. The individuals who attended this workshop are actively engaged in planning, managing, regulating, engineering, educating, and studying coastal landforms and their beneficial functions. This workshop titled, Can Humans & Coastal Landforms Co-exist?’, was a natural follow-up to a previous workshop, Coastal Landform Management in Massachusetts, held at WHOI October 9-10, 1997 (proceedings published as WHOI Technical Report #WHOI-98-16). The workshop had a very practical, applied focus, providing state-of-the-art scientific understanding of coastal landform function, case history management and regulation of human activities proposed on coastal landforms, a multi-faceted mock conservation commission hearing presented by practicing technical consultants and attorneys that involved all attendees acting as regulators in breakout sessions, and, at the conclusion of the workshop, an open discussion on all issues related to the science and management of coastal landforms, including future research needs.
    Beschreibung: Funding for these proceedings was provided by WHOI Sea Grant and the NOAA National Sea Grant College Program Office, Department of Commerce, under NOAA Grant No. M10-2, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Sea Grant Project No. NA86R60075.
    Schlagwort(e): Coastal ; Landforms ; Humans
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 1574993 bytes
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  • 3
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: As part of the Semaphore Experiment four Meddies (Mediterranean Water Eddies) were discovered in the Canary Basin and tracked with freely drifting RAFOS floats. An additional Meddy was discovered off Lisbon by Pingree (1995) and also tracked with RAFOS floats. One large and energetic Meddy, discovered 1700 km west of Cape St. Vincent, Portugal, set a distance and speed record as it translated another 1700 km southwestward at 3.9 cm/sec during the 1.5 years. This Meddy traveled 57% of the distance from Cape St. Vincent toward the spot McDowell and Rossby (1978) found a possible Meddy north of the Dominican Republic. Four Meddies collided with tall seamounts which seemed to disrupt the normal swirl velocity perhaps fatally in three cases. One Meddy appeared to bifurcate when it collided with seamounts. This report describes the float trajectories in the Meddies and summarizes the main results.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under contract number OCE 93-01234.
    Schlagwort(e): Meddies ; RAFOS floats ; Semaphore ; Ocean currents ; Mediterranean Sea ; Charles Darwin (Ship) Cruise ; Alcyon (Ship) Cruise ; Laperouse (Ship) Cruise ; Ailette (Ship) Cruise ; D'Entrecasteaux (Ship) Cruise ; Suroit (Ship) Cruise ; Pr. Stockman (Ship) Cruise
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
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  • 4
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: This is the second and final volume of a report that describes some of my investigations over the last 35 years or so into low-frequency ocean current structures, a topic which I will call the World Ocean Circulation (WOC). The material presented constitutes my final report to the Office of Naval Research, and their support over the years is deeply appreciated. I was also fortunate to have been partially supported by the National Science Foundation during my career and, for some of the preparation of this report, by the Clark Foundation. Volume I was focused on the North Atlantic Ocean, after a global scale summary. This volume (II) will consider first the Pacific and Indian Oceans, concentrating on interbasin circulations, meridional cells, and mesoscale eddy fields. Then, there is an exceptionaly brief discussion of the Southern Ocean(s) for background only, followed by a global summary. Lately, I have worked intensely on intergyre and interbasin exchanges, including an inter-comparison of some of the properties of the eddy field in the World's Oceans (Schmitz, W.J., Jr., Reo. Geophys.,33,151-173,1995; J. Geophys. Res., 101,16,259-16,271,1996). Volume II contains not only an update of the global picture, but also new representations of the transport structure of various components of the meridional overturning cells for each ocean. In summary, several similarties as well as dissimilarities between different oceans relative to both their general circulation and their mesoscale eddy field are shown to be associated with interbasin exchanges. This report is meant to be an informal, occasionaly anecdotal, state-of-the-art summary account of the World Ocean Circulation. Seemingly simple questions about how ocean currents behave, such as where various brands of sea water are coming from and going to, have been exciting research topics for many years. This report is not remotely about "all" of the WOC, it is simply a set of comments about what I have looked into during the preparation of this document. I do believe that the results in this report, although presented in a personal way, are consistent with community wisdom. The document is intended to be readable by non-specialists who have a basic scientifc/technical background, especially in other oceanographic areas or meteorology or the geophysical disciplines, not only by specialists in physical oceanography.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research, Grant Nos. NO0014-89-J-I039 and N00014-95-1-0356, and the Clark Foundation.
    Schlagwort(e): Global ocean circulation ; Ocean currents
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 42405470 bytes
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: Twenty-one RAFOS floats were tracked at depths of 200-1000 meters in and around several North Brazil Current Rings between November 1998 and June 2000. This was part of an experiment to study the role of these current rings in transporting upper level South Atlantic water across the equatorial-tropical gyre boundary into the North Atlantic subtropical gyre. The float trajectories in combination with surface drifters and satellite imagery reveal the sometimes complex life histories of several rings and their fate as they collide with the Lesser Antilles Islands. This report describes the float trajectories, the velocity, temperature, and depth time series, and a preliminary analysis of the float data.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE-9729765 and OCE-0136477.
    Schlagwort(e): Tropical Atlantic circulation ; Mesoscale rings ; RAFOS floats ; Seward Johnson (Ship) Cruise NBC 1 ; Seward Johnson (Ship) Cruise NBC 2 ; Seward Johnson (Ship) Cruise NBC 3 ; Seward Johnson (Ship) Cruise NBC 4
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 2868063 bytes
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: Thirty-two RAFOS floats were launched at the depth of intermediate water, near 750 m, in the Benguela Current along 30S and its extension along 7W. The floats were tracked acoustically for two years during 1997–1999. Seven floats looped in three Agulhas Current rings, which drifted west northwestward at a mean velocity of around 5 cm/sec. Floats not in Agulhas rings tended to drift westward at around 2 cm/sec in the latitude band 22S–35S. North of 22S three floats drifted eastward. This report describes the float trajectories and summarizes the main results. These are the first subsurface long-term Lagrangian data in the Benguela Current.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. OCE-9528574 and OCE-0236654.
    Schlagwort(e): Southeastern Atlantic circulation ; Mesoscale rings ; RAFOS floats ; Seward Johnson (Ship) Cruise SJ97-05
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 5624680 bytes
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: This data report summarzes 45 surface drifter trajectories collected between November 1998 and June 2000 as part of the North Brazil Current (NBC) Rings Experiment. NBC rings have been proposed as one of several important mechanisms for the transport of South Atlantic upper-ocean water across the equatorial-tropical gyre boundary and into the North Atlantic subtropical gyre. Such transport is required to complete the meridional overturning cell in the Atlantic forced by the high-latitude production and southward export of North Atlantic Deep Water. The goal of this program is to obtain, for the first time, comprehensive observations of the NBC retroflection, the NBC ring formation process, and the physical structure and properties of NBC rings as they translate northwestward along the low-latitude western boundary. A total of 45 drifters were deployed. Twenty-four of these looped anticyclonically within the five rings identified during this experiment. Seven of the looping ring drifters entered the Caribbean, while the rest moved northward along the eastern flank of the Lesser Antiles.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE-9729765.
    Schlagwort(e): Tropical Atlantic circulation ; Mesoscale rings ; Satellite-tracked drifters ; Ocean currents ; Seward Johnson (Ship) Cruise NBC 98 ; Seward Johnson (Ship) Cruise NBC 99 ; Seward Johnson (Ship) Cruise NBC 00
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Technical Report
    Format: 3353477 bytes
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