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  • Artikel  (7)
  • 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate  (3)
  • 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems  (3)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
  • American Geophysical Union  (7)
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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Blackwell publishing
  • Geological Society of London
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  • 1
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    Self-potential signals associated with preferential ground water flow pathways in a buried paleo-channel (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-04-07
    Beschreibung: The flow of ground water in a buried permeable paleochannel can be observed at the ground surface through its self-potential signature. We apply this method to delineate the Saint-Ferréol paleo-channel of the Rhone River located in Camargue, in the South East of France. Negative potentials, 30 mV (reference taken outside the paleochannel),are associated with ground water flow in this major sand-filled channel (500 m wide). Electrical resistivity is primarily controls by the salinity of the pore water. Electrical resistivity tomography and in situ sampling show the salinity of the water inside the paleo-channel is ten times smaller by comparison with the pore water of the surrounding sediments. Combining electrical resistivity surveys, self-potential data, and a minimum of drilling information, a 3-D reconstruction of the architecture of the paleo-channel is obtained showing the usefulness of this methodology for geomorphological reconstructions in this type of coastal environment.
    Beschreibung: - Observatoire de Recherche en Environnement (ORE)
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: L07401
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): Self-potential ; electrical resistivity tomography ; hydrogeology ; tomography ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.02. Hydrological processes: interaction, transport, dynamics ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.04. Hydrogeological data
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 2
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    Methane emission from the mud volcanoes of Sicily (Italy) (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Mud volcanoes represent the largest expression of natural methane release into the atmosphere; however, the gas flux has never been investigated in detail. Methane output from vents and diffuse soil degassing is herewith reported for the first time. Measurements were carried out at 5 mud volcano fields around Sicily (Italy). Each mud volcano is characterized by tens of vents and bubbling pools. In the quiescent phase, methane emission from single vents ranges between 0.01 and 6.8 kg/day. Diffuse soil leakage around the vents is in the order of 102–104 mg m 2 d 1. An exceptional flux of 106 mg m 2 d 1 was recorded close to an everlasting fire. Soil CH4 flux is positive even at large distances from the mud volcano fields suggesting a diffuse microseepage over wider areas. A total of at least 400 tons CH4 per year can be estimated over the area investigated alone ( 1.5 km2).
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1215
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): methane ; flux measurements ; Sicily ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.02. Carbon cycling ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 3
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    Molecular and isotopic composition of free hydrocarbon gases from Sicily, Italy (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Chemical and isotopic data have been used as geochemical tracers for a genetic characterization of hydrocarbon gases from a total of eleven manifestations located in Eastern and Central-Southern Sicily (Italy). The molecular analysis shows that almost all the samples are enriched in methane (up to 93.2% Vol.), with the exception of four gas samples collected around Mt. Etna showing high mantle-derived CO2 content. Methane isotope signatures suggest that these are thermogenic gases or a mixture between thermogenic gases and microbial gases. Although samples from some mud volcanoes in Southern Sicily (Macalube di Aragona) show isotope signatures consistent with a mixing model between thermogenic and microbial, by combining the molecular compositions (C1/(C2 + C3))and the methane isotope ratios (d13C1), such a process seems to be excluded. Therefore, the occurrence of secondary post-genetic processes should be invoked. Two main hypotheses have been considered: the first hypothesis includes that the gas is produced by microbial activity and altered post-genetically by microbial oxidation of methane, while according to the second hypothesis thermogenic gas have modified their molecular ratios due to vertical migration.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: L06607
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): Isotopic composition/chemistry ; Organic geochemistry ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 4
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    Relative roles of rifting tectonics and magma ascent processes: Inferences from geophysical, structural, volcanological, and geochemical data for the Neapolitan volcanic region (southern Italy) (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The Neapolitan volcanic region is located within the graben structure of the Campanian Plain (CP), which developed between the western sector of the Appenine Chain and the eastern margin of the Tyrrhenian Sea. Two volcanic areas, spaced less than 10 km apart, are situated within the CP: the Somma-Vesuvius Volcano (SVV) and the Phlegraean Volcanic District (PVD). SVV is a typical stratovolcano, whereas PVD, including Campi Flegrei, Procida, and Ischia, is composed mostly of monogenetic centers. This contrast is due to different magma supply systems: a widespread fissure-type system beneath the PVD and a central-type magma supply system for the SVV. Volcanological, geophysical, and geochemical data show that magma viscosity, magma supply rate, and depth of magma storage are comparable at PVD and SVV, whereas different structural arrangements characterize the two areas. On the basis of geophysical data and magma geochemistry, an oblique-extensional tectonic regime is proposed within the PVD, whereas in the SVVarea a compressive stress regime dominates over extension. Geophysical data suggest that the area with the maximum deformation rate extends between the EW-running 41st parallel and the NE-running Magnaghi-Sebeto fault systems. The PVD extensional area is a consequence of the Tyrrhenian Sea opening and is decoupled from the surrounding areas (Roccamonfina and Somma-Vesuvius) which are still dominated by Adriatic slab dynamics. Spatially, we argue that the contribution of the asthenospheric wedge become much less important from W-NW to E-SE in the CP. The development of the two styles of volcanism in the CP reflects the different tectonic regimes acting in the area.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-25
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): Volcanic styles ; Tectonic setting ; Neapolitan volcanic region ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 5
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    Nitrogen isotopes in thermal fluids of a forearc region (Jalisco Block, Mexico): evidence for heavy nitrogen from continental crust (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The Jalisco Block (JB) is a geologically and tectonically complex part of northwestern Mexico characterized by active subduction-type volcanism, rifting, and old stable structures. Thermal springs and groups of springs are widely distributed over JB. Bubbling gas from seven thermal springs located within different tectonic environments of the JB was analyzed for He, 20Ne, and N2 concentrations and d15N ratios. All gases are N2-dominant (〉84%) with the exception of one sample (Rio´ Purificacio´n), which has a significant CH4 content (about 50%). All collected gas samples are relatively high in He, up to 1500 ppm vol and with 3He/4He values ranging from 0.6 to 4.5 Ra. All measured nitrogen isotope ratios are heavier than air with d15N values ranging from 0.5 to 5.0%. The relative N2 excess with respect to air-saturated water computed on the basis of N2 and 20Ne contents indicates the contribution of a nonatmospheric N2 source. All the samples show a good correlation between d15N and the relative excess of N2 with d15N +5.3% for the maximum N2 excess of 100%. Due to a presumed lack of seafloor sediment involved in the subduction process, such a d15N positive value seems to reflect the addition to the fluids of a heavy nitrogen originating from metamorphism processes of rocks occurring within the overlying continental crust.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-9
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): bubbling gases ; forearc region ; Jalisco Block-Mexico ; nitrogen isotopes ; subduction-related volcanism ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Reply to comment by A. Kopf on ‘‘Methane emission from the mud volcanoes of Sicily (Italy)’’, and notice on CH4 flux data from European mud volcanoes (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Etiope G., Caracausi A., Favara R., Italiano F., Baciu C. (2002) Methane emission from the mud volcanoes of Sicily (Italy). Geoph. Res. Letters 29, 14340-14343.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The paper ‘‘Methane emission from the mud volcanoes of Sicily (Italy)’’ by Etiope et al. [2002] represents the first report ever done on experimental CH4 output data from subaerial mud volcanoes (MV). A review of available CH4 flux data and detailed discussion about the global implications of mud volcanic CH4 emission has been made elsewhere [Etiope and Klusman, 2002; Morner and Etiope, 2002]. [2] The comment by Kopf [2003] contributes to open discussions and to make the readership aware on how important this subject is. In this reply we wish to clarify that precise data of CH4 flux from geologic sources are beginning to be available only now. It would be opportune that the MV-expert community could agree in using a common unit for the gas flux. We propose t y 1 and Mt y 1, and not metres cubed, consistently with the data reported for the methane sources/sinks budget by the IPCC. [3] Sicilian MVs, the first to be measured in detail, are considerably much smaller than the Azeri Ashgil MV, mentioned by Kopf [2003], and it is therefore obvious to expect a lower gas flux. Anyway the Dashgil mud volcano flux data are not based on exact measurements but only on visual estimates of the bubbles [Hovland et al., 1997]. In order to fully reply to Kopf [2003], hereafter we briefly discuss the problem of how to estimate the total number of MVs in the world and present new data from other European MVs, recently investigated. Finally, we outline the global importance of mud volcanic CH4 emission, as Kopf [2003] and recent literature is stressing.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1094
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): methane ; mud volcanoes ; helium ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.02. Atmospheric Chemistry ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.02. Carbon cycling ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    Active geodynamics of the central Mediterranean Sea: Tensional tectonic evidences in western Sicily from mantle-derived helium (2005)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We report results on the measured high 3He/4He isotope ratio in western Sicily, interpreted together with the heat data. The study of this sector of the Europe-Africa interaction is crucial to a better understanding of the tectonics and the geodynamical evolution of the central Mediterranean area. The estimated mantle-derived helium fluxes in the investigated areas are up to 2–3 orders of magnitude greater than those of a stable continental area. The highest flux, found in the southernmost area near the Sicily Channel, where recent eruptions of the Ferdinandea Island occurred 20 miles out to sea off Sciacca, has been associated with a clear excess of heat flow. Our results indicate that there is an accumulation of magma below the continental crust of western Sicily that is possibly intruding and out-gassing through roughly N-S trending deep fault systems linked to the mantle, that have an extensional component. Although the identification of these faults is not sufficiently constrained by our data, they could possibly be linked to the pre-existing faults that originated during the Mesozoic extensional-transtensional tectonic phases.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: L04312
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): helium isotopes ; heat production ; tectonics ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.07. Radioactivity and isotopes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.03. Heat flow ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.03. Heat generation and transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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