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  • Articles  (289)
  • Other Sources  (32)
  • hypertension  (134)
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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
  • 550 - Earth sciences
  • Data analysis / ~ processing
  • Earthquake precursor: prediction research
  • Kuppers
  • Springer  (295)
  • Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ  (19)
  • Universität Potsdam  (4)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Commission for the Geological Map of the World
  • Community Online Resource for Statistical Seismicity Analysis
  • Essen : Verl. Glückauf
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • 2005-2009  (25)
  • 2000-2004  (118)
  • 1980-1984  (178)
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  • Articles  (289)
  • Other Sources  (32)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Mostly based on traditional catalogues, without further research, several modern parametric catalogues are nevertheless straightforward, without question marks, and easily misleading (chronology, epicentre, epicentral intensity, not to speak of magnitude). The example of an Ionian time-window (1658-1664), with several major events, shows that the historical seismicity of the Ionian Islands, often thought to be well-known, actually needs a more or less drastic revision. A wealth of sources was collected, mostly from the Archives of the Republic of Venice, then ruling the main three islands of the Ionian Archipelago; it was ascertained that there are no important chronological gaps in the surviving documentation. Similarly outstanding, and in fact at the basis of a more balanced and precise view of one of the events in this time-window, are the souvenirs of Christoff von Degenfeld, a German nobleman at the service of the Republic of Venice. His manuscript, discovered at the library of Karlsruhe (Germany) in 1992, has been consulted again in the original, on the occasion of the preparation of this paper. Some question marks remain on the distributions of macroseismic effects of the earthquakes within this time-window, and this is due to the lack of information concerning the mainland. For this reason this study does not propose epicentres and, of course, magnitudes. An unusually long documentary appendix is provided, with the hope that it might contribute in discouraging authors of parametric earthquake catalogues from hasty exploitation and interpretation of often unreliable current catalogues.
    Description: Published
    Description: 43-91
    Description: 3.10. Sismologia storica e archeosismologia
    Description: open
    Keywords: Historical seismology ; Ionian Islands 1658-1664 ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Most of the ancient town of Tindari (NE, Sicily) was settled on a plateau the most surficial layer of which was made of unconsolidated material. Ongoing excavations at the archaeological site at Tindari uncovered a large portion of the decumanus which suffered deformations preliminarily assigned to coseismic effects. An analysis of the local dynamic response through the simulation of strong seismic shaking to the bedrock and modelling of spectral ratios of the bedrock-soft soil was carried out to verify the susceptibility of superficial terrains of the promontory to coseismic deformations. To perform this simulation the finite element method (FEM) was used. Four accelerometric recordings of three earthquakes of medium-high magnitude, recorded on rocky sites, were chosen to simulate the seismic shaking, using a constitutive law for the materials composing the promontory layers both of linear-elastic type and of elastoplastic type. The analysis of the linear-elastic field allowed the definition of the frequencies for which the spectral ratios of the accelerations recorded the highest amplifications; in particular the frequency range 31.5–37.2 Hz can be combined with deformation of the paved floor of the decumanus. The analysis in the elastoplastic field highlighted the zones of promontory more susceptible to suffer plasticization process. The results show that the topmost layer of the decumanus is the most susceptible to suffer plasticization. Therefore, the performed analysis lends greater support to the hypothesis that the deformations were produced by seismic shaking.
    Description: Published
    Description: 213-222
    Description: 3.10. Sismologia storica e archeosismologia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Fourier analysis ; Elasticity and anelasticity ; Earthquake ground motions ; Site effects ; Computational seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Jean Vogt was born in 1929 in Strasbourg (France), where he attended primary and secondary school. At the University of Strasbourg, he graduated in Geography, and majored in Geomorphology. His professor was the geographer Jean Tricart, who taught him the importance of both geological field work and archive investigation. In 1955 he joined the French West-Africa Geological Service and later the French Bureau for Geology and Mines (BRGM). Along the following 20 years he lived as a “geological” globetrotter in a number of countries, dispensing his time between the field and the archives. In these years, he was concerned mainly with mining geology, geomorphology, superficial deposits, and landslides. This unique experience led him in 1975 to the responsibility of the “Seismo-Tectonic Project”, the BRGM project in relation with the French nuclear power programme. From 1975 to 1984, he gave a substantial impulse to the study of French historical earthquakes, and since then he visited almost every public archive in France, and several major archives and libraries in Europe and abroad. He took care at the same time of the follow-up of macroseismic studies of present-day earthquakes. After he retired in 1984, he continued on a personal basis his investigations of historical earthquakes, in Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, and the Caribbean area. Alongside and for about 50 years, Jean Vogt investigated uninterruptedly the agrarian history of Northeastern France and Southwestern Germany. He published in scientific journals and in local learned societies bulletins more than 500 notes and articles devoted to a variety of subjects, such as soil erosion, agriculture, cattle trade, and social conflicts. Jean Vogt died on 5 June 2005 in Strasbourg. His scientific legacy consists of a wealth of published papers, manuscripts, documentation related to history and seismology, awaiting to be further exploited, as he would have done.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3-16
    Description: 3.10. Sismologia storica e archeosismologia
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Jean Vogt ; biography ; historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The recent seismological literature recorded three strong earthquakes in Algeria, Libya and Tunisia between 1656 and 1694 AD. The historical evidence for these derives from European sources only (gazettes, journalistic pamphlets, missionary literature). Considering the kind of sources involved, their likely biases and the geographical distances that divided their places of production from the places that they spoke about, it is possible that some of these accounts could be less than reliable, and therefore have little use as materials from which to assess earthquake parameters. To answer these doubts, we have retrieved, cross-checked and critically analysed the original historical sources quoted in previous compilations and studies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 163-184
    Description: 5.1. TTC - Banche dati e metodi macrosismici
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Historical Seismicity ; North Africa Earthquakes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: While the seismicity of the Southern Alps is high in the Eastern sector, corresponding to the Veneto and Friuli regions, it decreases towards West up to the Adda River. In the sector between the Lessini Mts. and Eastern Friuli the damaging earthquakes are clustered in a well defined seismic belt, where seismogenic sources responsible for earthquakes with Mw 6 have been defined in recent works. In contrast, the knowledge of the Southalpine sector West of this area is sparser; the area experienced some earthquakes with Mw〉5.5 and varied events with 4.8≤Mw≤5.5 the distribution of which is, apparently, random. For the area roughly defined by the basins of the Adda River to the West and the middle Adige River to the East, this paper reappraises the background knowledge of the earthquakes occurred before 1700. The investigation and the results are presented according to two successive periods, up to 1995 and from 1995 on. In the research performed up to 1995, the most important achievements concerned two different aspects: i) the assessement of several “fake quakes”, some of which were the object of paradigmatic case-histories; ii) the resizing and relocation of several, presumed damaging earthquakes. Though this round of investigation changed significantly the picture of the seismicity with respect to the Seventies, the research continued. For the period from 1995 on, the discussion focuses on the reliability of the available information; material that received little or no consideration before, new historical findings and comments to the seismological interpretation as in the most recent literature are also presented. This part includes also the discussion of archaeoseismological evidence of damage related to past earthquakes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 93-129
    Description: 3.10. Sismologia storica e archeosismologia
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: historical seismology ; Adda and Middle Adige River Basins ; Southern Alps ; archaeoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: The Valtiberina region (central Italy) has a seismic record going back to the Middle Ages and including five Io 〉 VIII MCS earthquakes, the earliest of which (1352, 1389, 1458). though recently and extensively studied, remain rather poorly known. This makes it all the more important to ensure that the later ones (1789, 1917) are as throughly studied as possible. The 1789 earthquake is listed by the current Italian catalogue (CPTI Working Group 2004) with Io VIII-IX MCS and Mm 5.8. These parameters were assessed from a database of 28 macroseismic intensity data points (Castelli et al. 1996), which is less than plentiful for a late 18th century earthquake. An analysis of the historical context of the 1789 earthquake and its influence on the production of contemporary accounts evidences a few research paths that previous studies either did not or could not take. Following them, the macroseismic database of the 1789 earthquake can be noticeably improved, providing the catalogue compiler with a mean to check the reliability of its current parameters.
    Description: Published
    Description: 249-260
    Description: 5.1. TTC - Banche dati e metodi macrosismici
    Description: open
    Keywords: Historical Seismicity ; 1789 Valtiberina Earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 8
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2020-11-30
    Description: This special issue of Journal of Seismology, dedicated to Archaeoseismology, shows the current trends of research in this young branch of seismology. The beginning of modern archaeoseismological practice during the 1980’s and the investigations made during the 1990’s were in many cases conditioned by the lack of cooperation among the spcialists from different scientific diciplines. Numerous publications resulted from the work of archaeologists, in some cases in collaboration with experts in earthquake-geology or seismology, but rarely such work included a complete and multidisciplinary approach and in situ analysis of the evidence. In many cases, archaeoseismological studies were limited to the detection of traces of past earthquakes in archaeological remains without a seismological perspective aiming to derive quantitative parameters necessary to fully describe a past earthquake (magnitude, etc.). In other cases, such investigations were limited to the analysis of archaeological reports of excavations made years or decades earlier. A step towards the quantification of seismological aspects was represented by the “territorial” approach, trying to reconstruct a picture of an earthquake by detecting its signs over a wider region. This procedure was, however, limited by the scarcity and reliability of published or unpublished archaeological material, usually adopted without a critical review.
    Description: Published
    Description: 393–394
    Description: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Archaeoseismology, ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: Archaeoseismic research contributes important data on past earthquakes. A limitation of the usefulness of archaeoseismology is due to the lack of continuous discussion about the methodology. The methodological issues are particularly important because archaeoseismological investigations of past earthquakes make use of a large variety of methods. Typical in situ investigations include: (1) reconstruction of the local archaeological stratigraphy aimed at defining the correct position and chronology of a destruction layer, presumably related to an earthquake; (2) analysis of the deformations potentially due to seismic shaking or secondary earthquake effects, detectable on walls; (3) analysis of the depositional characteristics of the collapsed material; (4) investigations of the local geology and geomorphology to define possible natural cause(s) of the destruction; (5) investigations of the local factors affecting the ground motion amplifications; and (6) estimation of the dynamic excitation, which affected the site under investigation. Subsequently, a ‘territorial’ approach testing evidence of synchronous destruction in a certain region may delineate the extent of the area struck by the earthquake. The most reliable results of an archaeoseismological investigation are obtained by application of modern geoarchaeological practice (archaeological stratigraphy plus geological–geomorphological data), with the addition of a geophysicalengineering quantitative approach and (if available) historical information. This gives a basic dataset necessary to perform quantitative analyses which, in turn, corroborate the archaeoseismic hypothesis. Since archaeoseismological investigations can reveal the possible natural causes of destruction at a site, they contribute to the wider field of environmental archaeology, that seeks to define the history of the relationship between humans and the environment. Finally, through the improvement of the knowledge on the past seismicity, these studies can contribute to the regional estimation of seismic hazard.
    Description: Published
    Description: 395-414
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: archaeoseismology ; historical seismology ; geoarchaeology ; environmental archaeology ; natural catastrophes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The southernmost sector of the Italian peninsula is crossed by an almost continuous seismogenic belt capable of producing M ~ 7 earthquakes and extending from the Calabrian Arc, through the Messina Straits, as far as Southeastern Sicily. Though large earthquakes occurring in this region during the last Millennium are fairly well known from the historical point of view and seismic catalogues may be considered complete for destructive and badly damaging events (IX £ Io £ XI MCS), the knowledge and seismic completeness of moderate earthquakes can be improved by investigating other kinds of documentary sources not explored by the classical seismological tradition. In this paper, we present a case study explanatory of the problem, regarding the Ionian coast between the Messina Straits and Mount Etna volcano, an area of North-eastern Sicily lacking evidence of relevant seismic activity in historical times. Now, after a systematic analysis of the 18th century journalistic sources (gazettes), this gap can be partly filled by the rediscovery of a seismic sequence that took place in 1780. According to the available catalogues, the only event on record for this year is a minor shock (Io = VI MCS, Mw = 4.8) recorded in Messina on March 28, 1780. The newly discovered data allow to reinstate it as the mainshock (Io = VII–VIII MCS, Mw = 5.6) of a significant seismic period, which went on from March to June 1780, causing severe damage along the Ionian coast of North-eastern Sicily. The source responsible for this event appears located offshore, 40-km south of the previous determination, and is consistent with the Taormina Fault suggested by the geological literature, developing in the low seismic rate zone at the southernmost termination of the 1908 Messina earthquake fault.
    Description: Published
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Historical seismology ; Macroseismic data ; MCS-EMS intensity scales ; 1780 Seismic sequence ; Seismotectonics ; NE Sicily ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: The aim of this study is to shed light ontwo important destructive seismicsequences, about 20 years apart (1138–1139and 1156–1159), which hit the northernsector of the Dead Sea transform faultsystem (DSTFS), in the easternMediterranean region. Although some ofthese earthquakes were already known to thescholarly tradition, the interpretationsprovided until today have largely beenpartial and characterised by uncertaintiesand discrepancies among the variousauthors. Our study has developed throughresearch into the original Arabic, Syriac,Armenian and Latin texts and a criticalanalysis relating to a territory fragmentedby the presence of the Christian-Latinstates. This analysis has allowed us toshed light on the already existing, albeitoften uncertain, information and to add newelements of these two important series ofearthquake shocks to our knowledge base.As regards the first seismic sequence(October 1138–June 1139), apart from havingdefined the date with greater accuracy,eight new locations affected have beenidentified, unknown to previous studies.The shocks jolted a vast area withdestructive effects, including theterritory of Aleppo (modern Halab, Syria)and the western part of the region ofEdessa (modern Urfa, Turkey).The second seismic sequence (September1156–May 1159) was much longer anddevastating, and hit a huge area, includedbetween the present-day territories ofnorth-western Syria, northern Lebanon andthe region of Antioch (modern Antakya, insouthern Turkey). A detailed analysis ofthe primary sources has allowed toreconstruct the series of shocks withchronological detail of the effects,improving our previous knowledge. Lastly,the authors formulate an hypothesis as tothe possible seismogenic zones affected.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105-127
    Description: 3.10. Sismologia storica e archeosismologia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Historical earthquakes ; seismic sequences ; Lebanon ; Syria ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The recent seismological literature recorded three strong earthquakes in Algeria, Libya and Tunisia between 1656 and 1694 AD. The historical evidence for these derives from European sources only (gazettes, journalistic pamphlets, missionary literature). Considering the kind of sources involved, their likely biases and the geographical distances that divided their places of production from the places that they spoke about, it is possible that some of these accounts could be less than reliable, and therefore have little use as materials from which to assess earthquake parameters. To answer these doubts, we have retrieved, cross-checked and critically analysed the original historical sources quoted in previous compilations and studies.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 3.10. Sismologia storica e archeosismologia
    Description: open
    Keywords: Historical Seismology ; North Africa Earthquakes ; Early journalistic sources ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 17
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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  • 21
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    In:  Basel, 404 pp., Springer, vol. 10, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (3-540-23810-7, XVII + 718 p., 220 illus.)
    Publication Date: 2006
    Description: The author introduces the statistical analysis of geophysical time series. The book includes also a chapter with an introduction to geostatistics, many examples and exercises which help the reader to work with typical problems
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Time series analysis ; Statistical investigations ; Auto-Regressive Moving Average-process ; Geostatistics, ; Modeling, ; R ; programming ; language, ; Simulation, ; Statistical ; analysis
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  • 22
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    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 3, no. ALEX(01)-FR-77-01, AFTAC Contract F08606-76-C-0025, pp. 329, (ISBN: 3-540-27983-0, XII + 238 p., 77 illus., 13 in colour with CD-ROM)
    Publication Date: 2006
    Description: Contents: Data Analysis in Earth Sciences - Introduction to MATLAB - Univariate Statistics - Bivariate Statistics - Time-Series Analysis - Signal Processing - Spatial Data including Digital Elevation Models - Image Processing including Processing and Georeferencing of Satellite Images - Multivariate Statistics; IfGW Uni Potsdam
    Keywords: Data analysis / ~ processing ; Modelling ; software ; Textbook of geophysics ; Statistical investigations ; digital signal analysis (also DSP) ; DSP ; Time series analysis ; Digital elevation model ; geographic ; coordinates ; Mapping ; Toolbox
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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  • 25
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    In:  Amsterdam, Springer, vol. 1, pp. 225, (1-4020-3353-2)
    Publication Date: 2005
    Keywords: Tsunami(s) ; Earthquake risk ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Review article ; Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Modelling ; NATHAZ ; measurement, ; tsunami ; model, ; data ; assimilation, ; data ; inversion, ; tsunami ; warning, ; tsunameters, ; forecast, ; hazard ; mitigation
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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  • 28
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    In:  Professional Paper, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 479-480, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Earthquake ; China ; Project report/description ; Seismology ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 29
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    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 45, no. Subvol. a, pp. 515-520, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Volcanology ; Kueppers ; Kuppers ; Muenzer ; Munzer
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  • 30
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    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-40, (ISBN: 0-444-51340-X)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Handbook of geophysics ; Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; outreach ; politics ; communication ; management ; response ; rain ; storms ; floods ; droughts ; El ; Nino ; earthquakes ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Japan ; Mexico ; Istanbul ; Turkey ; Taiwan ; Bucharest ; Romania ; China ; Armenia ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Global Positioning System ; Volcanology ; Tsunami(s) ; landslides ; avalanches ; fires ; technology ; environment ; Rapid damage assessment ; Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; remote ; sensing ; GIS ; islands ; cyclones ; future ; technical ; requirements ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 31
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    In:  Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 495-502, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Plate tectonics ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Geodesy ; Stress ; Strain ; Seismicity ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 32
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    In:  Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 487-494, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Project report/description ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 33
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    In:  Professional Paper, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 24, no. 16, pp. 535-536, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Tsunami(s) ; Seismicity ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 34
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    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 409-423, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Review article ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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  • 35
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    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 511-514, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Geochemistry ; Volcanology ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 22, no. 16, pp. 453-460, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Japan ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; Tsunami(s) ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    In:  New York, 473 pp., Springer, vol. 10, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN 3-540-43160-8)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Textbook of geodesy ; methods ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Instruments ; Global Positioning System ; Very Long Baseline Interferometry ; InSAR ; geoid ; Gravimetry, Gravitation ; Earth rotation ; Strain ; visions ; for ; the ; future ; state ; of ; the ; science
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    In:  Heidelberg, XIV + 337 pp., Springer, vol. 9, no. XVI:, pp. 227-235, (ISBN 3-540-43528-X)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Non-linear effects ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Pattern recognition ; Seismicity ; Earthquake precursor: statistical anal. of seismicity ; Lithosphere ; complexity ; hierarchical ; dissipative ; system ; static ; Dynamic ; lattice ; Modelling ; synthetic ; Earthquake catalog ; Fault zone ; block ; rotations ; decision ; theory
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    In:  Berlin Heidelberg, Springer, vol. 98, no. ALEX(01)-FR-77-01, AFTAC Contract F08606-76-C-0025, pp. 95-104, (ISBN: 1-4020-1592-5)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: digital signal analysis (also DSP) ; DSP ; Seismology ; Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; earthquake ; warning ; Seismic networks ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Location ; Detectors ; Time series analysis ; Seismology
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    In:  Professional Paper, Methods and Applications of Signal Processing in Seismic Network Operations, Berlin Heidelberg, Springer, vol. 98, no. 16, pp. 131-148, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: digital signal analysis (also DSP) ; DSP ; Seismology ; Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; earthquake ; warning ; Seismic networks ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Location ; Detectors ; Time series analysis ; Seismology ; Boedvarsson ; Bodvarsson
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    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1-40, (ISBN 0-06-057199-3)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Textbook of geodesy ; Handbook of geodesy ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; KSGSoft ; program ; software ; Filter- ; Error analysis
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    In:  Professional Paper, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 24, no. 16, pp. 447-452, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Review article ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    In:  Professional Paper, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1002, no. 231, pp. 441-446, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Seismology ; Seismic networks ; Real time earthquake monitoring ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 481-486, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; China ; case ; study ; Earthquake ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 425-431, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Seismology ; Mexico ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Methods and Applications of Signal Processing in Seismic Network Operations, Berlin Heidelberg, Springer, vol. 98, no. 16, pp. 149-172, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: digital signal analysis (also DSP) ; DSP ; Seismology ; Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Seismic networks ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Location ; Detectors ; Time series analysis ; Seismology
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    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 9, no. 16, pp. 228, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Seismicity ; warning ; time ; Seismology ; micro-zonation ; Seismic networks ; Project report/description ; Rapid damage assessment ; Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; monitoring ; Kueppers ; Kuppers ; Stefansson ; SIL
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    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 4, no. 16, pp. 505-510, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Volcanology ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 14B, no. 16, pp. 465-469, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 471-477, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Romania ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology ; Karlsruhe ; Kueppers ; Kuppers ; SFB ; 461
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    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 462-464, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Real time earthquake monitoring ; Seismicity ; Seismology ; China ; Kueppers ; Kuppers
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    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. Memoir 157, no. 1, pp. 433-440, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Turkey ; Seismicity ; warning ; time ; Seismology ; micro-zonation ; Seismic networks ; Project report/description ; Rapid damage assessment ; Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; monitoring ; Isikara ; Yalcin ; Kueppers ; Kuppers ; Erguenay ; Ergunay
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    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, Berlin, Springer, vol. Memoir 157, no. 1, pp. 527-532, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Indonesia ; Java ; Seismicity ; warning ; time ; Seismology ; Seismic networks ; Project report/description ; Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; monitoring ; Kueppers ; Kuppers ; Luehr ; Luhr
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: In Südostalaska wird eine relative Meeresspiegelabsenkung von bis zu 4 cm/ a beobachtet. Da dieses Gebiet während der letzten Kaltperiode durch das Kordillerische Eisschild bedeckt war und noch heute von Vergletscherung geprägt ist, liegt die Vermutung nahe, daß die Meeresspiegeländerungen zumindest teilweise durch isostatische Ausgleichsvorgänge hervorgerufen werden. Um diese Hypothese zu prüfen, werden für dieses Gebiet eislastinduzierte Vertikalbewegungen und Geoidänderungen mit Hilfe viskoelastischer Erdmodelle berechnet. Insbesondere werden sechs siebenschichtige Erdmodelle verwendet, die unterschiedliche Viskostitätsprofile berücksichtigen und die Bandbreite der plausiblen Lithosphärenmächtigkeiten abdecken. Das globale Lastmodell ICE-3G wird erweitert und das regionale Lastmodell AL-1 entwickelt, welches die rezente Vergletscherung Südostalaskas berücksichtigt. Weiterhin werden die Ozeane als Last einbezogen. Ein Vergleich der berechneten mit den beobachteten Meeresspiegeländerungen zeigt, daß die Beobachtungen nur zu einen geringen Anteil von wenigen Millimetern pro Jahr durch Isostasie erklärt werden können.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Publication Date: 2021-02-25
    Description: Die im Norddeutschen Becken vorkommenden hochsalinaren, heißen Tiefenwässer besitzen ein beträchtliches Wärmepotential, das bisher in Neustadt-Glewe, Neubrandenburg und Waren zur Energiegewinnung genutzt wird. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit bestand zum einen darin, die Herkunft und die Genese dieser Solen und der in ihnen gelösten Stoffe zu rekonstruieren. Ein zweiter Schwerpunkt bestand in der Ermittlung geochemischer Parameter, die für einen problemlosen Langzeitbetrieb geothermischer Anlagen und somit für deren Wirtschaftlichkeit von Bedeutung sind. Die untersuchten Solen stammten aus Aquiferen, die durch fünf Bohrungen (Neubrandenburg, Waren, Rheinsberg, Neustadt-Glewe, Hamburg-Allermöhe) in Tiefen von 1250 bis 3250 m (54 bis l28°C) erschlossen wurden. Alle untersuchten Na-Cl-Solen wurden aus Sandsteinaquiferen des Keuper (Contorta!Postera-Schichten) gefördert, für die mit zunehmender Tiefe steigende TDS-Gehalte (134 bis 224 g/1) charakteristisch sind. Die Zusammensetzung der gelösten Feststoffe blieb über einen Zeitraum von 3 Jahren konstant. Die Br/CJ-Verhältnisse der Solen sind kleiner als in eingedampftem Meerwasser. Dies und 811B-Werte von +23.8 %o bis +36.3 %o indizieren die Herkunft des Salzgehaltes durch Auflösung/Laugung von Salzen. Das Gas-Wasser-Volumenverhältnis in Proben geothermisch genutzter Solen liegt bei max. 1:10. Die Gasphase wird von C02, N2 und CH4 dominiert, wobei der Gehalt an C02 und CH4 mit der Tiefe zunimmt. Als Spurengase treten He, Ar, H2 und weitere Kohlenwasserstoffe auf (jeweils 〈1 Vol.-%). Die Gasphase des Thermalwassers Neustadt-Giewe zeigte über einen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren keine Änderung in ihrer Zusammensetzung. Periodische Schwankungen in sehr kleinen Konzentrationsbereichen während einer mehrtägigen Gasmeßkampagne korrelieren mit den Erdgezeiten. Die N2-Ar-He-Verhältnisse zeigen, daß es sich um tiefzirkulierende Oberflächenwässer handelt. Untermauert wird diese Interpretation durch die sehr niedrigen 3HefHe-Verhältnisse (R!Ra:S;O.Ol), die keine Mantelheliumkomponente anzeigen, sowie die gegenüber Luft (295.5) leicht erhöhten 40 Ar/36 Ar-Verhältnisse von bis zu 367.5. He-Akkumulationsalter als scheinbare Verweildauer der Solen von 20 bis 50 Ma wurden berechnet. Das Tiefenwasser von NeustadtGiewe besaß gegenüber den anderen Lokationen erhöhte Kohlenwasserstoffgehalte. Die 813C1,2,3- Werte weisen auf thermogenetische Kohlenwasserstoffe und auf ein marines Ausgangsmaterial mit einer Reife, die einer Vitrinitreflektion von etwa 1.2 % entspricht, hin. Die Herkunft aus Corgreichen Zechstein-Sedimenten ist wahrscheinlich, organisches Material des wesentlich tiefer liegenden Karbons scheidet als Quelle aus. Die 8180- und öD-Werte der Wässer zeigen an, daß meteorisches Wasser bei der Genese eine bedeutende Rolle gespielt hat. Die ermittelte isatopische Zusammensetzung der meteorischen Komponente weicht von heutigen Niederschlagswässern ab und weist einen letztmaligen Kontakt mit der Atmosphäre zu einer Zeit deutlich wärmeren Klimas als das heutige nach. Die in einem Thermalwasser vorhandenen Gase können die technologische Eignung der Sole und den Betrieb einer geothermischen Anlage maßgeblich beinflussen (Scaling, Auftreten brennbarer Gase, Entlösung von Gasen). Bei Vorhandensein Corg-reicher Sedimente nimmt die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Auftretens brennbarer Gase in Wässern aus größerer Tiefe, die durch ihre höhere Temperatur wirtschaftlicher sind, zu. Um die Entgasung eines Tiefenwassers innerhalb einer Anlage zu verhindem und somit Scaling und unkontrolliertes Entgasen zu minimieren, wurde anhand Literaturdaten exemplarisch für den Thermalwasserkreislauf der Anlage Neustadt-Giewe (Sole mit den höchsten Gasgehalten) ein Mindestanlagendruck berechnet. Danach sind etwa 2 bar ausreichend, um ein Entgasen der Sole zu verhindern; Strömungseffekte erfordern jedoch eine Erhöhung des Anlagendrucks auf etwa 4 bar. Die zeitliche Konstanz in der Zusammensetzung der gelösten Feststoffe und der Gasphase über einen Zeitraum von 2 bzw. 3 Jahren zeugt von einer relativ großen räumlichen Homogenität der Aquifere, wodurch der Betrieb der Anlagen durch Änderungen in der chemischen Zusammensetzung der Solen kaum gefährdet zu sein scheint. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit haben gezeigt, daß sowohl bei der hydrodynamischen Vorerkundung als auch während des Betriebes eines geothermischen Heizwerkes die genaue Kenntnis der Gasmengen und der Gaszusammensetzung von entscheidender Bedeutung ist.
    Description: Deep seated hydrothermal brines in the North German Basin have a considerable heat potential, which is currently used for geothermal energy recovery in Neustadt-Glewe, Neubrandenburg and Waren. One aim of this study was to reconstruct the origin of these brines and their dissolved substances. Another goalwas to determine geochemical parameters which are critically influence the long-term operation, and hence the econornic viability of geothermal plants. The brines come from aquifers which have been accessed by 5 boreholes (Neubrandenburg, Waren, Rheinsberg, Neustadt-Glewe, Hamburg-Allermöhe) in depths from 1250 to 3250 m (54 to 128 °C). All investigated Na-Cl-brines were produced from sandstone aquifers of the Keuper (Contorta!Postera layers). Typically, TDS-values (134 to 224 g/1) increase with depth. The compositions of the dissolved solids were constant during 3 years. The Br/Cl ratios of the brines are lower than evaporated sea water. This, and 811B-values of +23.8 %o up to +36.3 %o indicate dissolution/leaching of salt as the origin of the salt content. The gas-water volume ratio of samples from brines used for geothermal energy recovery are less than around 1:10. The gas phase is dorninated by C02, N2 and C~ with higher C02- and C~ contents with increasing depths. He, Ar, H2 and other hydrocarbons exist as traces ( 〈1 vol.% each). The gas phase of the thermal water from Neustadt-Giewe showed no changes in its composition during 2 years. Small · periodical variations in the concentrations obtained from gas monitaring over several days correlate with the earth tides. The N2-Ar-He ratios show that the waters are deep-circulating meteoric waters. This interpretation is supported by very low 3HefHe ratios (R!Ra:S;O.Ol), which show no mantle helium, and 40 ArP6 Ar ratios up to 367.5, which are slightly enhanced compared to air (295.5). He accumulation ages, taken as the apparent residence time of the brines, were calculated to be 20 to 50 Ma. Compared to the other locations the formation water from Neustadt-Giewe contained enhanced hydrocarbon contents. The 813C1,2,3 values point to thermogenic hydrocarbons and to a marine source rock with a maturity corresponding to about 1.2 % vitrinite reflectivity. An origin from Corg-rich Zechstein sediments seems probable, organic material from significantly deeper-seated Carboniferous formations can be ruled out. The 8180 and ÖD values of the waters confirm that meteoric water played an important role in the brine genesis. The determined isotopic composition of the meteoric component deviates from recent precipitation and indicates a last contact with the atmosphere at a time when climate conditions were significantly warmer than today. Gases dissolved in thermal waters can significantly affect both the technological suitability of a brine and the operation of a geothermal heat plant (scaling, degassing, occurence of flammable gases). If Corg-rich sedimentary rocks occur, the probability of the occurence of flammable gases increases in waters from larger depths, which are more economic due to their higher temperature. The pressure needed to prevent degassing inside a plant and thus to rninirnize scaling and uncontrolled degassing was calculated for the example of the thermal water cycle at Neustadt-Giewe (brine with the highest gas content). About 2 bars are sufficient to prevent degassing; however, flow effects require increasing the pressure up to about 4 bars. The constant composition of both the dissolved solids and gases over a period of 2 to 3 years is a sign of a relatively large spatial uniformity of the aquifers. Therefore the continuous operation of the plants seems unlikely to be endangered by a change in the chernical composition of the brines. The results of this study have shown that during the hydrodynarnic reconnaissance as weil as during the operation of a geothermal heat plant, precise knowlegde of the gas concentration is of essential importance.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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    Publication Date: 2022-11-15
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Publication Date: 2022-11-24
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Publication Date: 2022-11-24
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Publication Date: 2022-11-24
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    Publication Date: 2022-11-24
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    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Publication Date: 2022-11-24
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Publication Date: 2022-11-24
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Publication Date: 2022-11-24
    Description: Receiver function analysis is routinely used to isolates P-to-S converted waves from a complex of earthquake recordings s as to explore crustal and upper mantle structures and to infer possible geodynamic processes within the Earth. In the last several years the number of deployments of portable seismic arrays has been greatly increased. The conventional receiver function method, which stacks receiver functions at a single station, is not suitable for such a large amount of data. In this thesis modifications of the receiver function method have been made. Techniques of reflection seismology have been introduced into the receiver function analysis. Modified receiver function method has been successfully applied to the seismological data acquired in Tibet and the Central Andes. In these two Earth"s largest and highest plateaus, data of many available seismic broadband and short-period experiments have been collected. In Tibet, data of the INDEPTH II and GEDEPTH I experiments in southern Tibet and the PASSCAL 91/92 experiment across the central Tibetan Plateau have been combined. A Total number of about 50 stations were distributed roughly in a NNE directed profile. More than 900 receiver functions have been obtained. In the Central Andes, more than 200 stations have been deployed within the experiments of PISCO, CINCA, ANCORP, PUNA and KDS of the project of the SFB 267, and the BANJO and SEDA broadband arrays of the PASSCAL experiments. More than 640 teleseismic receiver functions have been obtained. Results are summarized in the following. (1) Crustal thicknesses under the two plateaus are reliably determined by Teleseismic receiver functions. P-to-S converted waves at the Moho are clearly seen under the Tibetan plateau and under Central Andean plateau. In southern Tibet the Moho is 75-80 km deep. In northern Tibet it becomes shallower to a depth of 55-60 km. In the Central Andes, the continental Moho is 65-70 km deep beneath the Andean Plateau (it appears to be 15 km shallower beneath Puna than beneath Altiplano). The Moho abruptly reduces its depth beneath the eastern edge of the Eastern Cordillera (65-64.5°W) and remains 45-50 km depth in the Sub Andes. Further east there is another abrupt reduction of Moho depth between the Sub Andes and the Chaco Plain. The Moho is 30-35 km beneath the Chaco Plain. (2) Evidence of crustal-scale underthrusting is found in Tibet as well as in the Andes. The INDEPTH data clearly show an intra-crustal phase at a depth of 50-60 km in the southern Tibet. This conversion boundary is probably the evidence of the underthrust Indian crust. In the Andean data a more than 300 km west-dipping intra-crustal converter evidently marks the boundary of the underthrust Brazilian shield crust. This boundary exists across the entire Altiplano and Puna plateau from 20 km depth below the Eastern Cordillera to 40 km depth below the Western Cordillera and the Precordillera. In both plateaus, most of the thickened crust, if not all, can be attributed to the crustal-scale underthrusting. (3) Plate boundaries are found to a depth of about 250 km between the Indian and the Asian lithospheric mantle and to a depth of about 120 km between the Nazca plate and the South American plate. However, the nature of these boundaries is different. In the Central Andes, the plate boundary is interpreted as the oceanic Moho of the Nazca plate, above which a 10 km layer of oceanic crust with lower seismic velocity suggests that the gabbroic rocks do not completely transform to eclogite until a depth of 120 km. Most of the intermediate depth seismicity stops at the same depth, suggesting a relation with phase transformation. In Tibet the observed plate boundary of the two lithosperic mantles probably reflects the temperature difference between the two plates. The cold Indian mantle is subducted under the warm Asian mantle. The Temperature difference can be as high as 500.700 ° resulting in large seismic velocity contrast. (4) Interesting variations have been found in the upper mantle discontinuities which are related to the plate collision and subduction processes. In Tibet, the 410 km discontinuity is clearly seen in its globally average depth in the south, and is disturbed and becomes complicated in the north. The 660 km discontinuity is continuously displayed throughout the Tibetan profile. Similarly, in the Central Andes, the 410 km discontinuity is not imaged coherently, which is obviously attributed to the subduction complexity of the phase transformation of the mantle rocks. It is interesting to see that the 660 km discontinuity is depressed by about 30-40 km in the region of the cold Nazca slab, which corresponds to a temperature reduction of 300-600° within the slab.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    Publication Date: 2022-11-24
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    Publication Date: 2022-11-24
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    Publication Date: 2022-11-24
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Publication Date: 2022-11-24
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 74
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    In:  Berlin, 306 pp., Springer, vol. 2, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN: 0-387-30752-4)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Textbook of geology ; Textbook of mathematics ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Modelling ; Inversion
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  • 75
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    In:  Berlin, Springer, vol. 45, pp. 3. erweiterte u. aktualisierte Auflage, x+419 pp., (ISBN 0-471-95596-5)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: GIS ; Textbook of geophysics ; geography ; data ; base ; fuzzy ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; interpolation ; SQL
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  • 76
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    In:  New York, Springer, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 2-203, (ISBN 0-87590-533-1)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Data analysis / ~ processing ; Error analysis ; Handbook of geophysics ; Handbook of geodesy ; toolbox ; Statistical investigations ; Inversion ; Non-linear effects ; aerial ; images ; Diffraction ; Tomography ; 1214 ; Geodesy ; and ; gravity ; Geopotential ; theory ; and ; determination ; 1224 ; Photogrammetry ; remote ; sensing ; 0902 ; Exploration ; geophysics ; Computational ; methods, ; seismic ; Gruen ; Grun
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  • 77
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: butterfly ; Formicidae ; food ; growth ; mutualism ; myrmecophily ; parasitism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Caterpillars of the lycaenid butterfly Maculinea rebeli Hirschke (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) live for 11–23 months as social parasites in Myrmica (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) red ant nests, a trait that is believed to have evolved from mutualistic myrmecophilous ancestry. Although Maculinea rebeli caterpillars harm Myrmica larvae, they simultaneously produce copious secretions which the adult worker ants imbibe, perhaps representing a vestige of the ancestral mutualism. We report the results of laboratory experiments designed to test alternative hypotheses: (i) Maculinea rebeli caterpillars provide a beneficial source of sugar in return for being tended by Myrmicaworkers; (ii) Maculinea rebeli harms its host by stressing the workers by competing for available sugar. Comparisons were made of Myrmica worker fitness after 90–450 days under all possible combinations of three experimental treatments: ± M. rebeli caterpillars, ± sucrose and ± ant brood. Caterpillars always reduced the survival of both ant workers and their larvae, even when sugar was not provided, suggesting that M. rebeli is wholly parasitic on all stages in its host colony. The results also confirmed the importance of sucrose in the diet of Myrmica, and showed that M. rebeli caterpillars which eat ant brood to supplement their normal trophallactic feeding by workers develop more quickly - but have the same survival and pupal weights – as caterpillars that are fed solely by worker ants.
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  • 78
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: aluminum oxide ; hydroxyl groups ; rhodium ; growth ; scanning tunneling microscopy ; infrared spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In order to investigate how the presence of surface hydroxyl groups on oxide surfaces affects the interaction with the supported metal, we have modified a well-ordered alumina film on NiAl(110) by Al deposition and subsequent exposure to water. This procedure yields a hydroxylated alumina surface as revealed by infrared and high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy. By means of scanning tunneling microscopy, we have studied the growth of rhodium on the modified film at 300 K. Clear differences in the particle distribution and density are observed in comparison to the clean substrate. While, in the latter case, decoration of domain boundaries as typical defects of the oxide film governs the growth mode, a more isotropic island distribution and a drastically increased particle density is found on the hydroxylated surface. From infrared data, it can be deduced that the growth is connected with the consumption of the hydroxyl groups due to the interaction between the metal deposit and the hydroxylated areas. This finding is in line with photoemission results published earlier.
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  • 79
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    Small business economics 14 (2000), S. 195-210 
    ISSN: 1573-0913
    Keywords: growth ; manufacturing ; performance ; product innovation ; small firms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract The paper considers the relative performance [along a number of parameters] of a sample of 228 small manufacturing firms categorised by level of innovation. Whilst innovators appear no more likely to have experienced some form of sales or employment growth, they are significantly more likely to have grown more. In other words, the innovators' growth rate distributions are highly negatively skewed. With regards to export intensities, profitability and productivity levels, the findings are less clear. On the whole, the results reported here are similar to those of other small firm studies, yet vary markedly from large firm equivalents; suggesting that the nature of the returns to innovation may be contingent, at least in part, upon firm size. Moreover, the high levels of variation in firm performance should caution us against proffering innovative imperatives. If we are to counsel firms to "innovate at all costs", we must be clear about, and clearly demonstrate, the nature of the returns they may reasonably expect and the processes through which these may be optimised.
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  • 80
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    Journal of population economics 13 (2000), S. 403-424 
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: O41 ; F22 ; Key words: Altruism ; education ; growth ; convergence ; capital mobility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this paper is to discuss the process of regional convergence within the framework of an overlapping generations model in which the engine of growth is the accumulation of human capital. In particular, we consider different education funding systems and compare their performance in terms of growth rates and pace of convergence between two heterogeneous regions. The analysis suggests that the choice of a particular education system incorporates a possible trade-off between long run growth rate and short run convergence. In such choice, the initial capital stock and the extent of regional human capital discrepancy appear as central variables.
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  • 81
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    Ecological research 15 (2000), S. 101-106 
    ISSN: 1440-1703
    Keywords: comparative ecology ; growth ; marine fish ; patterns ; reproduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A number of strong regularities characterize certain very basic biological parameters in marine fishes. For example, the ovulated eggs of fish usually measure approximately 1 mm in diameter. The small, relatively uniform size of the eggs means that almost all fish larvae experience environmental variability at very similar scales, which itself establishes strong constraints for, and links between reproduction and recruitment. Additional constraints emerge from seawater being a poor medium for respiration, which establishes further linkages between growth and mortality. These constraints have produced strongly convergent features, and thence the patterns in reproduction and growth of marine fishes that are presented.
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  • 82
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: body composition ; catfish (Mystus nemurus) ; feeding rate ; growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A 10 week experiment was conducted to determine theeffects of feeding rate on growth, feed utilizationand body composition of the tropical bagrid catfish,Mystus nemurus. Catfish fingerlings with anaverage initial body weight of 12 g were fed apractical diet (36.2% protein, 16.5 kJ/g diet) atrates of 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 or 5% of their bodyweight (BW) per day in two equal meals. Watertemperature was approximately 29 °C throughoutthe experiment. Percent weight gain increased almostlinearly with increasing feeding rates up to 2.5%BW/day beyond which no significant (P 〉 0.05)improvement in weight gain was observed. The specificgrowth rate of catfish fed rations of 1% BW/day was0.72%/day and this increased significantly to anaverage of 1.39%/day for catfish fed 2.5% BW/day andbeyond. Feed utilization did not differ significantly(P 〉 0.05) between fish fed 1.0 to 2.5%BW/day but decreased when rations were increased to3.0% BW/day and above. Feed efficiency ratio was0.79 for catfish fed 1.0% BW/day compared to a ratioof 0.27 for fish fed at 5% BW/day. Catfish fed 1.0%BW/day had the lowest condition factor, hepato- andviscerosomatic indices, but the highest carcass tobody weight ratio. These fish also had lowerproportions of whole body dry matter, lipid andprotein, carcass dry matter and lipid, and visceraldry matter and lipid than fish in other groups. Therewere no significant differences in either conditionindices or relative body composition of fish fedrations of 2.0 to 5.0% BW/day. Based on the growth,feed efficiency and body composition data obtained, afeeding rate of 2.5% BW per day is recommended forM. nemurus fingerlings raised at 29 °C.
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  • 83
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    Aquaculture international 8 (2000), S. 531-542 
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: feed intake ; growth ; protein utilisation ; proximate ; composition ; rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss grew from 44 to 326 g in 96days when held at ∼12 °C. Fish were fed to satiation twice dailywith either high (L1: 30.8%, L2:31.4%) or lower-lipid feeds (C1: 18.8%,C2: 21.8%). Four feeding treatments were studied.Group C1C2 received feed C1 for 43 days(days 0–43) and C2 thereafter (days 44–96).Groups L1L2, L1C2 andC1L2 were subjected to dietary changes asindicated by the feed designations. After a short period of feedadaptation, fish ingested similar amounts of feed energy i.e., they ateless by weight of the lipid-rich (L) feeds. Feed lipid content did notaffect growth but fish fed L-feed had reduced feed conversion ratio(FCR) compared to fish fed C-feed (0.731 vs. 0.773) during days0–43 (P 〈 0.01). After 96 days,L1L2-fish were lower in body protein(15.8%) than the C1C2-fish (16.8%)(P 〈 0.01). L-feeds also tended to increase percentage lipidand reduce percentage whole body moisture and ash. A higher net proteinutilisation (NPU) was recorded in fish fed L-feeds (43.6%)compared to fish fed C-feeds (38.8%) in days 0–43(P 〈 0.05). This seemed to be the result of a lower proteinintake rather than a protein-sparing effect of feed lipid. Above athreshold value of approximately 6.5 mg protein eaten·g bodywtminus 1·day−1, NPU decreased.
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  • 84
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: aggression ; Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) ; dominance ; growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Aggression in groups of 0+ Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) was monitoredat weekly intervals in two tanks containing 100 fish each. Three 1 + salmonparr were added to one of these. After 5 weeks, fish weights were measuredin both tanks and the conditions reversed. At ten weeks, weights of fish inboth tanks were measured again. In both populations, levels of aggressionamong the smaller fish were significantly lower and growth ratessignificantly higher when the large fish were present. Although the largefish attacked the small ones, the rate at which they did so was an order ofmagnitude lower that the rate at which small fish attacked each other in theabsence of larger conspecifics. This raises the possibility that levels ofaggression among farmed salmon might be reduced by the addition of a fewlarge conspecifics.
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  • 85
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    Journal of chemical ecology 26 (2000), S. 2015-2023 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Allelopathy ; growth ; phenolics ; Hebeloma ; Hymenoscyphus ; Picea abies ; Vaccinium myrtillus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Allelopathy due to humus phenolics is a cause of natural regeneration deficiency in subalpine Norway spruce (Picea abies) forests. If inhibition of spruce germination and seedling growth due to allelochemicals is generally accepted, in contrast there is a lack of knowledge about phenolic effects on mycorrhizal fungi. Thus, this work tested effects of a humic solution and its naturally occurring phenolics on the growth and respiration of two mycorrhizal fungi: Hymenoscyphus ericae (symbiont of Vaccinium myrtillus, the main allelochemical-producing plant) and Hebeloma crustuliniforme (symbiont of P. abies, the target plant). Growth and respiration of H. crustuliniforme were inhibited by growth medium with the original humic solution (−6% and −30%), respectively, whereas the same humic solution did not affect growth but decreased respiration of H. ericae (−55%). When naturally occurring phenolics (same chemicals and concentrations in the original humic solution) were added to the growth medium, growth of H. crustuliniforme was not affected, whereas that of H. ericae significantly increased (+10%). We conclude that H. ericae is better adapted to the allelopathic constraints of this forest soil than H. crustuliniforme and that the dominance of V. myrtillus among understory species could be explained in this way.
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  • 86
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    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 212 (2000), S. 135-142 
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: gene expression ; catecholamines ; angiotensin II ; heart failure ; myosin ; hypertension ; eprosartan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pressure overload of the heart is associated with a perturbed gene expression of the cardiomyocyte leading to an impaired pump function. The ensuing neuro-endocrine activation results in disordered influences of angiotensin II and catecholamines on gene expression. To assess whether angiotensin II type 1 receptor inhibition can also counteract a raised sympathetic nervous system activity, spontaneously hypertensive rats fed a hypercaloric diet were treated with eprosartan (daily 90 mg/kg body wt) and cardiovascular parameters were monitored with implanted radiotelemetry pressure transducers. Both, blood pressure and heart rate were increased (p 〈 0.05) by the hypercaloric diet. Although eprosartan reduced (p 〈 0.05) the raised systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the diet-induced rise in heart rate was blunted only partially. In addition to drugs interfering with the enhanced catecholamine influence, compounds should be considered that selectively affect cardiomyocyte gene expression via 'metabolic' signals.
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  • 87
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: angiotensin II ; SHR ; preglomerular arterioles ; G-proteins ; cAMP ; hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Altered regulation of cAMP may contribute to enhanced renal reactivity to angiotensin II (Ang II) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Such a phenomenon may occur in renal preglomerular arterioles and may involve changes in expression of GTP-binding regulatory proteins. We have examined the effects of Ang II on steady state levels of Gαi-1,2, Gαi-3 Gαs and Gαq in preglomerular arterioles from young marginally hypertensive SHR and on mean arterial pressure (MAP), renal vascular resistance (RVR) and renal cAMP excretion (UcAMP.V). Young (5-6 week old) SHR and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats received Ang II (35 ng/kg/min, s.c.) or vehicle for 7 days via osmotic minipumps. Urine was collected over the last 24 h. On day seven, MAP and renal blood flow were measured in anesthetized rats and RVR was determined. Preglomerular arterioles were isolated by perfusing the kidneys with iron oxide and using a series of mechanical steps coupled with the use of a magnet to retain iron-laden vessels. Membranes were prepared and the expressions of Gαi-1,2, Gαi-3, Gαs and Gαq were evaluated by Western immunoblotting. Baseline MAP (124 ± 6 mmHg) was only marginally (p 〉 0.05) higher in SHR when compared with WKY rats (110 ± 4 mmHg). RBF (3.04 ± 0.16 mL/min) was significantly lower and RVR (41.10 ± 1.37 mmHg.min/mL) was significantly higher in SHR when compared to age-matched WKY rats (4.36 ± 0.30 mL/min and 25.79 ± 1.58 mmHg.min/mL, respectively). Ang II significantly increased MAP in SHR (17 mmHg) but not in WKY rats. These increases in MAP were accompanied by significant increases in RVR in SHR (48% over control) but not in WKY rats. Compared to WKY rats, preglomerular arterioles from SHR exhibited significantly higher basal expression of Gαi-1,2 (11- fold), Gαi-3 (13-fold) and Gαs (3-fold). Chronic infusion of Ang II, however, downregulated the expression of Gαs (by 53%; p 〈 0.05), Gαi-1,2 ( by 72%; p 〈 0.05) and Gαi-3 (by 35%; p 〉 0.05) in SHR preglomerular arterioles but significantly upregulated the expression of these proteins in WKY by 3-, 8- and 15-fold, respectively. Basal levels of Gαq were not different in preglomerular arterioles from the two strains but were downregulated by Ang II in both WKY (74% of basal) and SHR (52% of control). Baseline UcAMP.V was significantly lower in SHR (31.22 ± 6.51 nmol/24 h) compared with WKY rats (65.33 ± 3.60 nmol/24 h). Chronic Ang II infusion significantly increased UcAMP.V in SHR as well as WKY rats. These data clearly demonstrate that expressions of Gi isoforms as well as Gs in renal microvessels are elevated during early stages of hypertension and suggest that the elevated levels of Gi proteins may be directly associated with a blunted adenylyl cyclase-cAMP cascade in the renal microvasculature. Furthermore, Ang II appears to directly downregulate the expression of Gs in young SHR but not in young WKY renal microvessels. Such diversity in its effect on G-protein expression may be important for enhanced renal sensitivity to Ang II in SHR.
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  • 88
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    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 212 (2000), S. 145-153 
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: angiotensin ; antisense ; oligodeoxynucleotide ; plasmid ; adeno-associated virus ; hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Overactive renin-angiotensin system has been indicated in numerous pathological situations. Current treatment is based on pharmaceutical compounds, which work on the proteins level. Undisputedly helpful, it is not, however, flawless. Some of the drawbacks include adverse effects and non-compliance problem, since in many cases medicine has to be taken at least once a day for a long time. Therefore it seems logical to try a different approach, for instance to correct the disease at the gene expression level, possibly having a choice of shorter or longer-lasting effects. This current review combines results, relevant to the angiotensin system, with the antisense approach, which decreases amount of target protein by interfering at the mRNA level. Dependent on the tool used - oligodeoxynucleotide, plasmid or viral vector, the antisense effect lasts from few days to months.
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  • 89
    ISSN: 1608-3237
    Keywords: poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid ; Yersinia pseudotuberculosis ; Listeria monocytogenes ; temperature ; growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A comparative investigation of the intracellular content of poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid showed that Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains accumulated, on the average, lower amounts of this reserve substance than Listeria monocytogenes strains. The intracellular pool of poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid was responsible for the growth of the bacteria at low temperatures (4–6°C) in the absence of any exogenous carbon and energy source.
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  • 90
    ISSN: 1608-3407
    Keywords: Scenedesmus quadricauda ; growth ; cell size ; photosynthetic activity ; imazalil sulfate ; three-phase dose response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three-phase dose responses of biological systems of different levels of organization are often called “paradoxical” because the biological effects are clearly manifested under low- and high-intensity treatments, but are absent during moderate-strength treatments. In this work, we found anomalous changes in the cell number of a green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Breb. grown in the presence of the fungicide imazalil sulfate. At low imazalil concentrations (2.5 × 10–9–2.5 × 10–6 M), the slow increase in the cell number as compared to an untreated culture was not related to cell death. As seen by the dynamics of the population structure and cell functional characteristics (photosynthesis, thermal stability of photosynthetic membranes, etc.), the decrease in the growth rate at low concentrations of imazalil (2–10 × 10–9 M) was due to a long-term arrest of cell division in a fraction of the cell population rather than to a decrease in the rate of division. The absence of a toxic effect or even a slight stimulation of culture growth at moderate concentrations (0.05–1.25 × 10–6 M) was due to the resumption of cell division after a temporal cessation. At these concentrations, imazalil induced cell stress and adaptive elevation of cell tolerance to the fungicide (acclimation). Cell death was observed only at a high fungicide content in the medium (6.25 × 10–6 and higher). Thus, the three-phase (bimodal) dose response corresponds to two regimes (steady-states) of cell functioning which differ in cell sensitivity to external stimuli. The low-sensitivity state, which is characteristic of cells that have experienced stress, is likely to be the state known as “hormesis.”
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  • 91
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    Journal of applied phycology 12 (2000), S. 185-189 
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: blue-green alga ; cyanobacterium ; carbon dioxide ; culture ; growth ; Nostocflagelliforme ; rehydration, watering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The terrestrial blue-green alga (cyanobacterium), Nostoc flagelliforme, was cultured in air at variouslevels of CO2, light and watering to see theireffects on its growth. The alga showed the highestrelative growth rate at the conditions of highCO2 (1500 ppm), high light regime (219–414μmol m-2s-1) and twice daily watering,but the lowest rate at the conditions of low light(58–114 μmol m-2s-1) and daily twicewatering. Increased watering had little effect ongrowth rate at 350 ppm CO2, but increased byabout 70% at 1500ppm CO2 under high lightconditions. It was concluded that enriched CO2could enhance the growth of N. flagelliformewhen sufficient light and water was supplied.
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  • 92
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    Aquatic ecology 34 (2000), S. 19-27 
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: adaptation ; fitness ; food quality ; growth ; reproduction ; temporary ponds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Temporary pond Daphnia flourish on relatively poor-quality food, suggesting adaptation to stringent temporary pond conditions. We conducted laboratory life history experiments on populations of Daphnia obtusa from a shaded woodland temporary pond (short hydroperiod, dystrophic) and an open farmland temporary pond (long hydroperiod, eutrophic), and compared a suite of physical/chemical conditions in the ponds to evaluate habitat conditions. We hypothesized that the shaded woodland pond population would be more fit in terms of life history variables for individuals (age and size at first reproduction, mean brood size, mean number of neonates) and populations (generation time, net reproductive rate R 0, and intrinsic reproductive rate r) given a standard, low-quality food (trout chow and yeast). Life history traits of woodland pond animals were mixed, relative to farm pond animals, and consistent with bet-hedging for an unpredictable habitat. Values of life history traits rivaled or exceeded those of other studies using phytoplankton as food, and were influenced by the pond water used for our study. Life histories clearly differ among local and regional temporary pond Daphnia obtusa populations, and should be valuable for examining the relative influences of local selection and metapopulation dynamics on population structure.
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  • 93
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: desiccation ; growth ; growth model ; inorganic carbon ; nutrients ; photoperiod ; photosynthesis ; pigments ; Porphyra linearis ; PPF ; respiration ; temperature ; water velocity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of environmental parameters on the growthof Porphyra linearis gametophytes was examinedunder controlled conditions, and related to themultilinear regression growth model recently developedfor this seaweed under coastal conditions in theeastern Mediterranean. Growth chambers, a gradienttable, special culture devices and analytical methodswere combined for this culture study.The major factors significantly controlling thegrowth rate of the P. linearis gametophytein glass dishes were: photoperiod, temperature, agein culture, photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), salinityand water dynamics. Maximal growth occurred underdaylength of 12 h, medium temperature (15–20 °C), low PPF (70–140 μmol photon m-2s-1), ambient salinity (30–40 ppt), 1–3 h ofdaily air exposure, and water velocity of 4 cm s-1.Photosynthesis and respiration rates weredominantly affected by daylength and temperature,while the concentration of pigments was dominantlyaffected by PPF and temperature.These conditions correspond well to the optimalnatural growth environment of this local species andare in agreement with the optimum estimated throughthe recently developed outdoor mathematical growthmodel.
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  • 94
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: crayfish ; Procambarus alleni ; growth ; Florida Everglades ; hydroperiod
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Environmental conditions influence crustacean growth by affecting molt intervals and incremental increases in length and weight. In the seasonally-flooded marl prairie wetlands of eastern Everglades National Park, U.S.A., hydropattern exerts considerable influence on aquatic primary productivity, and so may influence the availability of food resources for higher trophic levels. The seasonal hydroperiod has been drastically altered by anthropogenic factors, but the impacts on the aquatic community are not well known. We studied whether differences in growth of crayfish Procambarus alleni could be detected in habitats with different hydroperiods. We first described growth patterns based on incremental increases in length and weight of crayfish on a high protein diet in the laboratory. Regression analyses indicated that growth patterns in males and females were similar. Although the intermolt period increased with age, the proportional increases in length and weight were similar through successive molts. The relationship between length and weight of crayfish was best described by a power equation for allometric growth. We then compared growth curves for crayfish subpopulations from different areas of the marl prairie. In habitats with the longest hydroperiods, crayfish weight-at-size was not significantly different from that in laboratory crayfish on the high protein diet. However, weight gain per unit increase in length in short hydroperiod sites was significantly less than in long hydroperiod sites or in the laboratory. These results indicate that crayfish productivity may be associated with hydroperiod in these stressed wetlands, and this may contribute to observed source-sink population regulation.
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    Aquaculture international 8 (2000), S. 159-168 
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: emersion ; growth ; Pecten maximus ; scallop spat ; survival ; transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Scallop spat production normally requires transfer between growthsystems. Simulated transport experiments were carried out in April, June,December and February to evaluate effects of transport time on greatscallop (Pecten maximus) spat growth and survival. The spat (1.7–1.8 mm in shell-height and 21–25 µg ash free dry weight [AFDW]) wereheld in moist coffee filters at a temperature of 10 °C for up to 24 h,before being replaced into sieves in rearing tanks at 15 °C. The studyshowed that by increasing air emersion time, survival and growthdecreased. No significant difference in the results between 0 and 4 h of airemersion was found, while the effects after 12 and 24 h differed betweenspat groups. Survival and growth rates showed seasonal differences. Meansurvival was 35–71% in April and 77–99% from June to February. In Junemean growth rates attained were 115–128 µm shell-height and 15–18µg AFDW per day compared with 49–69 µm and 3.8–7.0 µgper day for the other spat groups. Great scallop spat may survive atransfer time of 24 h, but transportation for longer than 12 h is notrecommended if subsequent high survival and growth rates are to beensured.
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  • 96
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    Aquaculture international 8 (2000), S. 207-225 
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: growth ; mortality ; Pecten maximus ; suspended culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Growth and mortality of the king scallop, Pecten maximus, werecompared when grown in cages and by ear hanging in suspended culturein Fuengirola, Malaga, in southern Spain. Seed (juveniles) used in theexperiment was collected in September 1997 that had settled on collectorsin April-June, of that year. Culture in suspended cages began in January1998 when the seed measured 42.7 (3.3) mm shell height and ended inFebruary 1999. Significantly faster growth was found at a minimum culturedensity (16 scallops/cage) than at two other densities (24 and 36scallops/cage). Depth (1, 5 and 10 m from the bottom) influenced growth,poorest growth occurred closest to the bottom. Under optimum growingconditions, 16 scallops/cage suspended 10 m from the bottom, scallops grewto 10 cm shell length (legal size) by February 1999.In ear hanging culture, ropes were moored in April (51.3 (4.5) mm),June (58.2 (4.5) mm) and November 1998 (64.3 (4.9) mm).Initially, rapid shell growth was observed in all three cultures.Subsequently, the shells became covered with barnacles, Balanus sp.,that possibly caused total mortality of the April culture and led to highmortalities in the two other cultures.
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  • 97
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: growth ; silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus) ; size grading ; size variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This study presents two experiments addressing growth and size variation in fingerling silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus. In the first experiment, fish close to mean population size were raised either in the presence or absence of five larger fish for 60 days. Mean specific growth rate (SGR) and increases in the coefficient of variation and skewness were lower in the presence of larger fish, indicating a negative effect of large fish on the growth of smaller ones. In the second experiment, fingerlings were graded into groups smaller and larger than the median size of the population and raised in size-sorted groups of 60 large or small fish and mixed groups of 30 fish of each size category, for 60 days. There was no difference in mean SGR among groups, nor between the mixed group ad the weighted mean of the small and large groups. Biomass gain was higher in the mixed groups than in the weighted small-and-large groups, probably due to a slightly lower survival in the groups comprised of large fish. The fact that the effect of large fingerlings on the growth of smaller ones was evident in the first, but not the second, experiment may be attributed to higher size disparity between large and small fingerlings in the first experiment.
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  • 98
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: 17 β-estradiol ; fish meal ; gonadal development ; growth ; Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) ; plant proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate theeffect of plant protein‐based diets on gonadaldevelopment and plasma 17 β-estradiol (E2) levelin female Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus.Fish with a mean body weight of 6.7 (0.1) g were fedfour different diets with the same digestible protein(DP) and digestible energy (DE) containing gradedlevels of a mixture of plant ingredients as partial ortotal replacement of fish meal protein for 20 weeks.The control diet (D0) was based on fish meal, twodiets containing 33% (D33) and 66% (D66) of plantprotein, and one diet containing only plant protein(D100). Fish were sampled at 12 and 20 weeks. Nosignificant differences were found in different stagesof oocyte development and plasma E2 levels betweentilapia fed diets D0 and D100 at 12 weeks. Eight weekslater tilapia fed diet D0 showed a higher (P 〈 0.05)level of E2 than the D100 group. This difference andthe reduced proportion of vitellogenic and matureoocytes demonstrated that diets containing only plantprotein are less efficient in terms of tilapia growthand consequently ovarian development.
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  • 99
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    Aquaculture international 8 (2000), S. 455-461 
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: floating cages ; growth ; pink dentex (Dentex gibbosus) ; sparids (Dentex dentex, Sparus aurata, Spondyliosoma cantharus, Diplodus puntazzo)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 100
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    Aquaculture international 7 (2000), S. 369-382 
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: growth ; haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) ; larvae ; light intensity ; photperiod ; tank colour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In two separate experiments, haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) larvae were raised under different photoperiods (24L : 0D or 15L : 9D), or different combinations of tank colour (black or white) and light intensity (1.1 μmol s−1 m−2 or 18 μmol s−1 m−2). Growth (0.8% day−1 in standard length; 2.9% day−1 in body area) and survival (2%) were not significantly different between photoperiod treatments after 35 days. Larval survival was greater in white versus black tanks after 41 days (2% versus l%, respectively). Growth of larvae was impaired in black tanks at low (1.1 μmol s−1 m−2) light intensity (0.8% day−1 in standard length and 2.2% day−1 in body area versus 1.1% day 21 in standard length and 3.1% day−1 in body area, for all other treatments). Transmission and reflection of light was low in black tanks at low incident light, and there was very little upwelling light. The resultant poor prey to background contrast probably resulted in larvae being unable to consume sufficient food to sustain a level of growth comparable to that in other treatments.
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