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  • Artikel  (42)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Investigation of Oxidation Kinetics of YBa2Cu3O7−x Ceramics by the Acoustic Emission Method (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 11 (1998), S. 275-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Schlagwort(e): YBCO ; acoustic emission ; absorption
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The oxidation kinetics of YBa2Cu3O7−x ceramics has been investigated by the acoustic emission method. It is observed that the oxidation follows an exponential law. For YBCO the exponential index τ is a specific parameter and is equal to 1.7 s±10%. It is confirmed that the related narrow surface layer is first oxidized, and oxygen dissolution in the material is controlled by the speed of volume diffusion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022688018815
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Photo-Thermal Transport Effects in a Thick Film YBCO Bolometer Under Magnetic Fields (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 11 (1998), S. 463-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Schlagwort(e): YBCO ; thick film ; vortices ; pinning ; bolometer
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Thick (~50 μm) YBCO superconducting film bolometers have been fabricated to operate in the temperature range 89–92 K. Responsivities greater than 1 V/W have been achieved by biasing with a current slightly less than that of the critical current, and observing the photo-voltage in the resistive state. The time response of these films due to photo-conduction is slow (ms). The present work concentrates on the resistive transition and the width of the photo-signal peak under the effect of applied magnetic fields. The width of the photo-signal peak over the transition is found to be strongly magnetic field dependent at low field values while at higher field values it has been used to determine a value for the vortex tilt modulus. Further, it is found that a temperature difference in the position of the photo-signal peak relative to that of the dR/dT peak changes with applied field.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022657900890
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Model for the Crystal Growth of YBa2Cu3O y (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 11 (1998), S. 347-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Schlagwort(e): Crystal growth ; morphology ; YBCO ; terraced crystals ; step growth
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The crystal growth and crystal morphology are very important properties of YBa2Cu3O y superconductors. In this work, we approach these problems with polycrystals. Several typical crystal morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the terraced crystals with a layer-by-layer structure were found to be the major form for the well-grown YBa2Cu3O y . To interpret the results, a step-growth model was proposed. In this model, each crystal terrace is close-packed with crystal particles in order. And the particles, each consisting of tens of crystal cells, are movable during crystal growth. Particles at edges or margins of small crystals can move to their larger neighboring crystals through diffusion. With this particle diffusion, small crystals vanish and large crystals grow larger. This proposed model is confirmed by experimental observations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022646713766
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electrosynthetic immobilisation of proteins for bioanalysis (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 101-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): biosensor ; protein immobilisation ; protein modification ; electrochemistry ; nitrotyrosine ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Use of electrosynthetic methodology allows the production of hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) either mononitrated at tyrosine 23 or bisnitrated at tyrosines 20 and 23, but never nitrated at tyrosine 53. This is a different sequence from that obtained by the chemical nitrating agent tetranitromethane, and when reduced by dithionite, the selectively modified enzyme can be anchored at pH 5 via the unique aromatic amino group to magnetic beads or other suitable matrices. HEWL so immobilised loses less than 10% of cell-wall lytic activity compared with the approximately 50% loss of activity when immobilised by conventional methodology at pH 9 via essentially random reaction at lysine residues and other functionalities which are nucleophilic at this pH. This result offers promise as a general method for selective protein immobilisation in biosensors and similar applications. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Conference Report: Molecular Electronics-Science and Technology. 14-18 December 1997, Humacao, Puerto Rico (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 157-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optical assessment of a fouling-resistant surface (PHEMA/ benzalkonium chloride) after exposure to a marine environment (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): antifouling ; biofouling ; hydrogel ; benzalkonium chloride ; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy ; underwater optics ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: A hydrogel based on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) containing benzalkonium chloride (BAK) can be used as an environmentally acceptable, fouling-resistant material in the marine environment. The loaded hydrogel system is transparent and has the potential to be used in the protection of optical ports in underwater instruments. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy was used to study the optical properties of the material after a marine exposure period. The optical transmittance of PHEMA/ BAK was higher for 10 weeks than that detected for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), a material currently used in commercial instruments, which confirmed the superior fouling resistance of the PHEMA/ BAK combination. The UV-vis spectroscopic method was quick, relatively cheap and accurate enough to allow the effects of the development of marine fouling on transparent surfaces for use in marine underwater optical applications to be monitored. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Molecular design and properties of side chain liquid crystal polymers for applications in optoelectronics (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 247-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: The synthesis of a number of side chain liquid crystalline polymers for quadratic non-linear optical (NLO) applications is reported. The active chromophore is a charge transfer (CT) biphenyl derivative which possesses mesogenic properties itself. The liquid crystalline behaviour of these polymers was established by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The active chromophores were oriented by the standard corona poling technique and the degree of axial ordering was determined as a function of poling conditions by linear optical absorption. Growth of the second-harmonic generation (SHG) signal was used to probe the induction of polar order. These experiments clearly indicated that liquid crystallinity results in an enhancement of the polar order over that of isotropic materials. The second-order NLO susceptibility tensor components d31 and d33 were measured by the SHG technique. The ratio d33/ d31 was found to be much larger than 3, in agreement with molecular statistical models. Values of d33 up to 30-35 pm V-1 were obtained at 1064 nm fundamental wavelength. These values are essentially not resonance-enhanced, since the chromophore absorption occurs below 350 nm. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thin films of novel polysiloxane copolymers substituted with stilbene and biphenylene side-chains: response to nitrogen dioxide (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 317-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): gas sensing ; nitrogen dioxide ; stilbene ; biphenyl ; UV-visible spectroscopy ; thin films ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Thin films of a selection of stilbene and biphenyl side-chain substituted liquid crystal polymers based on polysiloxanes were deposited using an automated dip-coating technique and exposed to either 100 ppm NO2 gas and/or concentrated nitric acid vapour, the consequent effect being monitored by changes in the UV-visible spectra of the material. No effective response to NO2 was observed from the biphenylene analogue, but the stilbene derivatives showed spectral changes to suggest that an interaction occurs between the vapour and the bridge position of the stilbene side-chain. The stilbenes also show a marked pre-conditioning phenomenon upon exposure to nitric acid vapour prior to exposure to nitrogen dioxide. This procedure gives a material that has a more reversible response on exposure to NO2 gas than an anagolous film that has not been pre-treated. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Surface chemical sensitivity of polyaniline doped with palladium or platinum compounds This paper is part of the special issue: Part II of the Proceedings of the International Conference, Towards Molecular Electronics, TME'97, 23-28 June 1997,Śrem, Poland, edited by Prof. Jerzy J. Langer (Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 8, 213-284 (1998)) (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 295-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): conductive polymers ; polyaniline ; palladium dopants ; platinum dopants ; catalytic hydrogenation ; active centres ; catalyst aging ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: The chemical and structural surface-aging effects brought about by the presence of water in emeraldine base (EB) polyaniline (PANI) doped with Pd or Pt protonic acids were studied. IR spectroscopy, XRD, XPS and heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation (alkyne→alkene→alkane) were applied to characterise the PANI-Pd and PANI-Pt. Interpretation of the results gave the surface characteristics, structure, chemical catalytic activity and stability mainly of PANI-Pd specimens. The unique form of catalytically active centres therein was the surface complex [PdCl4]2- with Pd 3d5/2 BE=337·7 eV. The most promising among the PANI-Pd catalysts studied were those dried in a slow, long procedure (3 months, zeolite 5A). Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Redox reactions on TCNQ-modified self-assembled monomolecular films (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): self-assembly ; charge transfer ; electron-conducting monolayers ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Suitably modified mono- and bimolecular films, including bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs), offer exceptionally good opportunities for probing electric field effects on charge transfer and redox reactions in biosensor and molecular electronics research and development.This work presents the redox reactions of tetracyano-p-quinodimethane (TCNQ) molecules incorporated in a self-assembled octadecanethiol monolayer (SAM) on polycrystalline gold electrodes, depending upon the type of supporting electrolyte cations and their concentration. Our results show that TCNQ-modified Au-SAM electrodes exhibit selectivity versus alkali metal cations in aqueous supporting electrolyte (∽10 kJ mol-1 difference between K+ and Li+ and between Cs+ and K+). The slope of the ‘calibration curves’ for Li+ and K+ is about 59 mV per decade of concentration of the analyte. The explanation of this behaviour is based on the Donnan potential model; however, an ion-pairing effect can also be involved. Our preliminary results show also that the TCNQ molecules within the octadecanethiol monolayer may act as a molecular redox device. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stoichiometric deviations along an ingot of CuGaSe2 (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 147-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): synthesization ; chalcopyrite ; CuGaSE2 single phase ; X-ray diffraction ; stoichiometric deviations ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: The dependence of the structural parameters on compositional deviations of CuGaSe2 has been studied. These deviations have been induced along an ingot by a single fusion of the components at 1150 °C and subsequent slow cooling in a stationary ampoule in a vertical furnace. All along the sample a single chalcopyrite phase is present and a compositional gradient along the ingot was found by energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) measurements, the upper part being rich in Ga (series B) and the lower part in Cu (series A), with Cu/Ga ratios of 0·95 and 1·1 respectively. A hypothesis of the existence of two phases in the melt is proposed to explain these facts. The unit cell parameters, anion displacement and Cu and Ga occupation numbers in their sublattices were analysed by X-ray powder diffraction and Rietveld refinement methods. In series A the occupation numbers are near stoichiometry, while in series B a Cu defect appears. In both series, changes in unit cell parameter are related to changes in Cu content, suggesting the presence of a fraction of Cu ions either as interstitials or at Ga sites when Cu is in excess, or of Cu vacancies in its sublattice when there is a Cu deficiency. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Investigation of a planar chiral waveguide structure by a modified ATR method (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 195-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): chiral waveguides ; preparation of modified ATR method ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Chiral properties of planar waveguide structures with a core layer formed by a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) host matrix doped with chiral santonin were investigated by means of a modified attenuated total reflection (ATR) method. Distinct modification of the observed ATR spectra was revealed for right and left circularly polarised incident beams. From comparison of the experimental spectra with theoretical curves, the following specific rotation was obtained: [α]20633=11,200 deg cm2 g-1 (santonin/ PMMA mass ratio 2:1). The origin of the observed optical activity and its influence on the waveguide dispersion characteristics are briefly discussed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preface (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 213-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: No abstract
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some new synthetic low-dimensional semiconductors based on inorganic units (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 263-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): semiconductors ; low-dimensional systems ; crystal structure ; optical properties ; photoluminescence ; Raman spectra ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: The structural, optical and related properties (i.e. photoluminescence and resonance Raman spectra) of some synthetic (i.e. unconventional) low-dimensional semiconductor systems such as K2Cd3S4, [CH3SC(NH2)=NH2]3PbI5 and [H3N(CH2)6NH3]BiI5 are reported. They are compared with the properties of the corresponding higher-dimensionality systems. A blue shift of the excitonic bands and an enhancement of their binding energy and intensity were observed by decreasing the dimensionality or the size of the materials active part. The results are similar to those obtained from conventional semiconductors by decreasing the dimensionality or the size and are attributed to quantum confinement of excitons. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nitrogen dioxide gas-sensing studies on dip-coated films of novel chromophoric siloxane copolymers employing azo derivatives as side-chains (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 309-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): optical gas sensing ; polysiloxane ; azobenzene ; NO2 ; molecular modelling ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Siloxane copolymers having as side-chains azobenzene derivatives bearing different electron-withdrawing and donating substituents were deposited as thin films by dip coating, and their behaviour upon exposure to 100 pm NO2 was studied by UV/visible spectroscopy. Electron-donating substituents at the ortho positions on the aromatic rings in the azo unit have significant influence on the absorbance changes produced by exposure to NO2, and this is explained by modelling, which suggests that interaction between the electrophilic nitrogen atom in NO2 and the electron clouds of the azobenzene skeleton is responsible for the sensing process, rather than the formation of a Wheland intermediate or other product of chemical reaction. Especially effective substituents are methoxy groups in either aromatic ring ortho or the azo linkage, which also produce a significant increase in intensity of the long-wavelength n-π* transition. This moves the optical interrogation signal to a wavelength range of particular benefit for potential applications. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of polyaniline on electrode materials (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 303-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): polyaniline ; emeraldine base ; carbon fluoride ; lithium cells ; aprotic solvent ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Polyaniline (PANI) has been used for modification of the electrochemical behaviour of a carbon fluoride ((CFx)n) cathode in a lithium cell. PANI and (CFx)n powders were carefully mixed and the electrochemical properties and kinetic parameters of the composite (CFx)n-PANI cathode were evaluated by galvanostatic and potentiodynamic techniques. An increase in exchange current has been found for electrodes with addition of polyaniline in the form of emeraldine base (EB). During the reduction process of carbon fluoride using 1 M lithium perchlorate solution in organic solvent, the ternary intercalation compound CLixF is formed and then irreversibly decomposed into carbon and lithium fluoride. The insertion of lithium cations into the (CFx)n layered structure is diffusionally controlled, hence improvement in electronic properties of this fluoride material by the presence of conducting PANI chains and enhancement of discharge performance were found for 25% addition of PANI. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Theory of organic field effect transistors (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 285-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Field effect transistors with an organic material as active layer are at present essentially used to determine the mobilities in these materials. Until now, in analysing the measured current characteristics, only the simplest (Shockley) model has been used which accounts neither for this type of thin film transistor (TFT), which operates in depletion and accumulation, nor for the nature of the carriers. Starting from two-dimensional simulations for the analogous silicon TFT, we have developed an analytical model for the TFT that accounts for several peculiarities of the current characteristics of this type of transistor. In addition, a first modification has been developed which describes the situation when the charged states are polarons and bipolarons, as is the case in organic materials. Applications to published experimental current characteristics show that a general reanalysis is needed. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Conformational properties of quasi-particles in poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 111-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): PPV ; conjugated polymers ; quasi-particles ; ab initio calculation ; infrared spectra ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: We investigate the quasi-particle conformational defects (excitons, polarons and bipolarons) in phenylene vinylene oligomers (PVOs) consisting of up to 12 repeat units. The conformations are determined by minimisation of the total Hartree-Fock energy calculated at 3-21G level. The Hartree-Fock calculations of the excited states are followed by the CI-Singles calculation. The bond length alternation along the oligomer chain is discussed. On the basis of these results the vibrational transitions are calculated. To correct the basis set truncation error, the vibrational frequencies are multiplied by a uniform scaling factor. The types of vibrations are assigned. The theoretical spectra are in good agreement with the experimental infrared vibrational spectrum of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV). © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microstructural characterisation of nanocrystalline GaN prepared by detonations of gallium azides (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 135-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): gallium nitride ; nanocrystallites ; detonation ; gallium azide ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: High quality nanoscale, phase-pure hexagonal gallium nitride (GaN) crystallites have been synthesized by the thermal induced detonation of molecular precursors of the type (R3N)Ga(N3)3 (R=CH3, C2H5, etc.). The method allows the control of the particle size regime from 2 to about 1000 nm. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld simulations revealed an anisotropic platelet-like shape of the particles. The obtained GaN material was as well characterized by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction, photoluminescence spectroscopy, SEM, IR, RAMAN, thermal gas effusion/mass spectrometry, thermal analysis, elemental analysis. Gas absorption measurements (BET method) showed a specific surface area of about 90 m2 · g-1. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of the electroaffinity and potential barrier heights at polymer/ metal interfaces of poly(4,7-benzothiophene vinylene) (PBTV) (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): poly(4,7-benzothiophene vinylene) ; polymer interfaces ; conjugated polymers ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: In this paper we determine the LUMO level position of poly(4,7-benzothiophene vinylene) (PBTV), a heterocyclic poly(phenylene vinylene) (PPV) analogue, using tunnelling current measurements. We compare the energy level positions with those measured for PPV and determine their shifts. The experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions and good agreement is observed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optical spectra of C60 and C70 complexes: their similarities and differences (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 215-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): fullerene ; fullerides ; charge transfer complexes ; spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Some possible uses of vibrational and electronic spectroscopies in characterising the basic interactions in C60 and C70 complexes are pointed out. We report on the wealth of infrared spectra of (usually) single crystals of C60 and C70 clathrates and complexes with organic donors. The changes in the spectral parameters of the complexes in comparison with those of the neutral fullerene molecules are attributed to redistribution of the charge on the spherical C60 or elongated C70 molecules in their compounds. Some general considerations on the origin of the IR, NIR, VIS and UV spectral variations are also given. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Towards the application of charge transfer salts and conducting polymer wires to electronic devices and sensors (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 269-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): organic charge transfer salts ; conducting polymers ; electronic properties ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: We are exploring the electronic properties of novel materials such as conducting polymer-coated polyester fibres and charge transfer complexes configured in resistive, gated (FET) and diode configurations. In this paper we will consider several areas where we are attempting to make sensors and/ or primitive devices from molecular materials. Our most successful result so far is the temperature-dependent resistivity of polypyrrole-coated polyester fibres. Here we find that the conductivity is thermally activated and produces a reliable, highly sensitive indicator of temperature in a cryogenic environment. Using parallel configurations of fibres, sensors with different limiting resistances can be fabricated. We have also placed insulated electrical gates on single crystals of various metallic and insulating charge transfer salts and have attempted to alter the charge transfer character by the application of high electric fields. With polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) insulating layers, gate voltages up to 150 V have been acquired with no leakage or heating. Similar measurements on diode devices fabricated from charge transfer complexes with different electronic structures are also in progress, and our preliminary results will be presented. Prospects and plans for developing these materials into viable sensors and devices are discussed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Charge transfer complexes involving calix[4]resorcinarenes: potential candidates for non-linear optics (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 277-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): calix[4]resorcinarenes ; charge transfer (CT) complexes ; tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) ; tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) ; non-linear optical (NLO) materials ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Lipophilic calix[4]resorcinarenes - condensation products of resorcinol and lauryl aldehyde comprising four resorcinol units - form electron donor-acceptor complexes with electron acceptors tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) in organic solvents. Their formation was confirmed by EPR and UV-vis spectroscopy, except for compounds c1 and c3 which did not form charge transfer (CT) complexes with TCNE. Titration experiments involving calixarenes and electron acceptors indicated the presence of species of different stoichiometries. Complexes with ligands c1-c4 were characterised spectroscopically. CT bands appeared in most cases. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Demonstration of unimolecular electrical rectification in hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 229-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): unimolecular rectifier ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Asymmetries in the macroscopic and the nanoscopic DC electrical conductivity through Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers and monolayers of γ-(n-hexadecyl)quinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide (HDQ-3CNQ, 1) are due to a transition from the ground-state zwitterion to a probably neutral excited-state conformer, thus confirming without a shadow of a doubt the rectification of electrical current by a single molecule. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optimisation of the electrochemical bath for growing device-quality CuInSe2 thin films (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): electrodeposition ; copper-indium-selenide ; thin films ; layer-by-layer deposition ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: The electrochemical bath used for growing device-quality CIS (CuInSe2) thin films by co-deposition as well as layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition was characterised and optimised with respect to the film properties. The bath composition was varied by changing the Cu, In and Se ion concentrations in specific ratios in both co-deposition and LBL deposition. The film properties were analysed using techniques such as SEM (scanning electron microscopy), EPMA (electron probe microanalysis), AES (Auger electron spectroscopy) and XRD (X-ray diffraction). The structural, morphological and compositional properties of the films were characterised and their variation is attributed to the bath composition and growth conditions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Remote plasma-enhanced CVD of silicon nitride films: effects of diluting nitrogen with argon. Part I: effect on nitrogen plasma parameters studied by emission spectroscopy (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 13-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): remote PECVD ; silane ; nitrogen ; silicon nitride ; argon dilution ; emission spectroscopy ; metastable states ; atomic nitrogen ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: In a series of two papers we describe the effect of argon dilution of the nitrogen passed through the RF discharge region on the plasma composition, growth rate and some characteristics of silicon nitride films deposited by remove PECVD. In this part we report the results of an emission spectroscopic study of the plasma obtained in an SiH4-N2-Ar mixture. It is shown that argon in metastable electronic excited states plays an important role during the RPECVD of silicon nitride films by providing a high concentration of atomic nitrogen which is necessary for the promotion of film growth. In Part II the influence of argon dilution on the growth rate, composition and some properties of silicon nitride films deposited by capacitively and inductively coupled remote PECVD is discussed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Remote plasma-enhanced CVD of silicon nitride films: effects of diluting nitrogen with argon. Part II: effect of nitrogen plasma parameters on layer characteristics (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 23-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): remote PECVD ; silane ; nitrogen ; silicon nitride ; argon dilution ; hydrogen content ; stoichiometry ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: In Part I we reported the results of an emission spectroscopic study of the plasma obtained in an SiH4-N2-Ar mixture. It was shown that argon in metastable electronic excited states provides a high concentration of atomic nitrogen. In this part we report the results of a study of the influence of argon dilution on the growth rate, composition and properties of silicon nitride films. The exact influence of nitrogen dilution with argon depends on the process parameters and on the method of coupling of the RF power, but it is found in general that a high concentration of atomic nitrogen leads to changes in the relative amounts of Si-Hj and N-Hi bonds and in the Si/N ratio of deposited films. In particular, it is shown that hydrogen incorporation can be reduced and improved stoichiometry can be obtained. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Molecular conductors and magnets: different strategies and achievements (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 61-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): magnetic molecular materials ; conducting molecular materials ; polyoxometalates ; TTF ; ET ; conducting polymers ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: The different approaches used by the authors for the synthesis of new molecular materials exhibiting simultaneously magnetic and conducting properties are presented here. The aim is to prepare materials where a magnetic and a conducting sublattice coexist and/or interact in order to obtain either coexistence of properties or coupling between them. The strategy described is a hybrid one that combines various types of inorganic metal complexes with planar organic π-electron donors of the TTF family or with organic matrices made of conducting polymers. There are four main combinations: (i) magnetic polyoxometalates with organic donors - this strategy has already produced more than 10 radical salts where a magnetic character coexists with a conducting or semiconducting one; (ii) small magnetic anions with organic donors - in this case one of the most promising results has been the synthesis of one of the very few known examples of magnetic molecular metals; (iii) ferro- and ferrimagnetic oxalate-bridged bimetallic layers with organic donors; (iv) magnetic polyoxometalates incorporated into electrodeposited films of conducting polymers. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of dopant counter-anion on tribological properties of polypyrrole (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 87-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): friction coefficient ; wear coefficient ; tribology ; conducting polymers ; 2,6-naphthalenedisulphonate (2,6-NDS) ; 1,5-naphthalenedisulphonate (1,5-NDS) and 2-naphthalenesulphonate (NS) polypyrroles ; sliding test ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: It is known that, with careful control of conditions, polypyrrole films with counter-ions of toluene sulphonic acid sodium salt and methane phosphonic acid sodium salt can be produced with friction coefficients comparable with or even better than PTFE. Here we now report a systematic study of polypyrrole with various planar anions for tribological bearing applications. Thus naphthalene disulphonate-doped polypyrrole has a kind of laminar structure with very good adhesion to the surface. Polymer films were electrodeposited on glass lenses and tested in a friction apparatus for friction and wear measurements. The film orientation was measured by low-angle X-ray diffraction and the surface structure was evaluated by both AFM and SEM for different film thicknesses. The friction coefficient and wear rate of such bearings were measured under loads up to 5 N and at speeds up to 30 mm s-1 and were found to be 0·06 and 0·04 nm mm-1 respectively. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A robust gel-bilayer channel biosensor (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 47-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): ligand gated ; channel protein ; biomembrane ; biosensor ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: We demonstrate a novel protective configuration for a gated channel biosensor. The bilayer membrane containing the channel proteins is formed by a simple self-assembly technique ensuring continuous coverage of the interface between two slabs of agarose gel by a biomimetic lamella in a fluid state. The gel protects both membrane surfaces from mechanical shock and contact with low-energy media while allowing diffusion of biomolecules up to 10 MDa in weight. The technique has been demonstrated using both dioleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) and a phosphatidylcholine lipid cross-linked with a short polysiloxane chain (PSPC). The conductance per unit area of the channel-free membrane produced by this method was less than 25 S m-2 for DOPC and 2 S m-2 for PSPC, and the bilayer nature of the barrier in both cases has been demonstrated by measurement of the capacitance. The applicability to sensors has been confirmed using gramicidin-D, a 1·1 kDa unilamellar lipid bilayer pore former, and partially confirmed using valinomycin, a selective ion transporter. On incorporation of gramicidin the membrane conductance increased by over an order of magnitude. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [TTF]2[Fe(tdas)2]: a molecular conductor containing magnetic counter-ions (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 93-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): ithiolene ; tetrathiafulvalene ; molecular conductor ; molecular magnetism ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: The salt [TTF]2[Fe(tdas)2] has been prepared by electocrystallisation and its conductivity and magnetic properties are reported. The X-ray structure has been determined. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 32
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    Digitale Medien
    Preface (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 45-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: No Abstract
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optical absorption behaviour of metal/semiconductor hybrid nanoparticle composites (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): coated hybrid particles ; nanoparticle composites ; surface plasmon resonance ; optical properties ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Semiconductor/metal hybrid nanoparticle composites have been prepared in a glass host by a modified melt/quench process and examined with respect to their optical properties. The coated hybrid nanoparticles exhibit surface plasmon resonance absorption spectra which are red-shifted compared with that of a dispersion of homogeneous Ag nanoparticles in the same host. The position of the plasmon resonance was a sensitive function of the heat treatment schedule. A theoretical model based on effective medium theory for the coated hybrid particles was used to describe the shift of the plasmon position in the optical spectra as a function of the coating thickness. The calculated absorption spectra of the coated hybrid particles agree well with the experimental results. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electrically conducting and fluorising self-assembled monomolecular layers (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 31-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): self-assembled monomolecular layers ; chemical modification ; ATR/FTIR' electrical conductivity ; fluorescence ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Self-assembled monomolecular layers have been formed on a glass substrate with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The amino groups were chemically modified with either salicylaldehyde or 4-formylpyridine, then a TCNQ-pyridine CT complex was formed on a limited area of the surface, making a molecular conductive channel. This area is electrically conducting and we have observed it with the aid of SEM and direct measurements. ATR/FTIR and fluorescence spectroscopy were also used to monitor the monomolecular layer formation and modification processes. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electronic structure, insulator-metal transition and superconductivity in κ-ET2X salts (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 53-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): organic conductors ; electron correlations ; dielectric-metal transition ; superconductivity ; Fermi surface ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: The electronic structure and superconductivity of layered organic materials based on the bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene molecule (BEDT-TTF, hereafter ET) with essential intra-ET correlations of electrons are analysed. Taking into account the Fermi surface topology, the superconducting electronic density of states (DOS) is calculated for a realistic model of κ-ET2X salts. A d-symmetry of the superconducting order parameter is obtained and a relation is found between its nodes on the Fermi surface and the superconducting phase characteristics. The results are in agreement with the measured non-activated temperature dependences of the superconducting specific heat and NMR relaxation rate of central 13C atoms in ET. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Low-pressure-induced conformational transition in doped polypyrrole: optical and IR spectra (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): conducting polymers ; polypyrrole ; optical absorption ; pressure ; piezochromism ; conformation ; infrared spectra ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: A pressure dependence of the optical absorption spectra of BF-4-doped polypyrrole has been observed at pressures below atmospheric pressure. The two absorption bands at photon energies of 1·2 and 3·0 eV depend on the pressure: a decrease in the high-energy absorption is accompanied by an increase in the low-energy absorption and its shift towards lower energies. The Fourier transformation infrared reflection spectra also depend on the pressure in this region of pressures. The results are interpreted as a pressure-induced conformational transition of the polypyrrole chain. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Peculiarities of radiative recombination in amorphous molecular semiconductors doped with polymethine dye (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 201-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): amorphous molecular semiconductors ; electron-hole pairs ; excitons ; photoconductivity ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Processes of charge carrier photogeneration and recombination are investigated in films of poly-N-epoxypropylcarbazole doped with polymethine dye. Films with blocking contacts were illuminated with light from either the region of dye absorption or beyond this region. The kinetics of accumulation and relaxation of electron-hole pairs with lifetimes greater than tens or hundreds of seconds was studied. It is presumed that the reason for the growth of recombination luminescence intensity in an external electric field is connected with the increase in efficiency of radiative recombination stimulated by electrons captured from photogenerated excitons. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Photoluminescence measurements of GaAs grown by liquid phase epitaxy from Ga-Bi solution (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 9-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): LPE growth ; Ga-Bi solution ; ‘purification effect’ ; photoluminescence ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Thick, intentionally undoped GaAs epitaxial layers grown by LPE from Ga-Bi solution with different contents of Bi in liquid solvent (from 0 to 82 at.%Bi) were studied by photoluminescence (PL) at temperature &helvbi;T&helvbd;=2 K. The dependence of the photoluminescence spectrum on the content of Bi in solution was analysed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microstructuring of As40S60 wafers exposed to soft X-raysSome of the results were presented at the 2nd International Conference on Photo-Excited Processes and Applications  -  ICPEPA '95, Jerusalem, Israel (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 129-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): As-S wafers ; X-ray exposure ; microstructuring ; bulk optic element ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: The possibilities of ‘resistless’ microstructuring of As36·1S63·9 wafers by soft X-ray irradiation and wet alkaline etching have been investigated. Scanning electron microscopy is used to study the influence of the exposure and processing parameters on the depth and acuity of the patterned structures. Structures 1 μm wide are obtained by irradiation with an energy flux of 2000 mJ cm-2, followed by etching in a solution of pH 10·8 at a temperature of 23°C for a processing time of 18 min. It is established that by X-ray irradiation and suitable processing of As36·1S63·9 wafers, microstructures of a depth up to 0·65 μm could be patterned. The structured wafers could be used as diffraction elements for IR optics. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Information-processing capabilities of chemical reaction-diffusion systems. 1. Belousov-Zhabotinsky media in hydrogel matrices and on solid supports (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 163-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): chemical-based computing ; reaction-diffusion systems ; polymer materials for chemical computing ; Belousov-Zhabotinsky media ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Promising potentialities are opened up by the use of polymer materials for the elaboration of information-processing devices based on reaction-diffusion media. In this work, features of image processing by Belousov-Zhabotinsky media formed on the basis of hydrogel matrices and using catalyst immobilisation on the surface of solid supports have been investigated. Such active media structures have been found to improve significantly the quality of images in the course of their processing by the media. The spatial resolution of the media increases considerably in going from liquid Belousov-Zhabotinsky media and media functioning in polymer matrices to media based on catalyst immobilisation on the surface of solid supports. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Low-pressure-induced conformational transition in doped polypyrrole: electrical conductivity (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 77-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): conducting polymers ; polypyrrole ; electrical conductivity ; pressure ; conformation ; glass transition ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: We describe the observation of a pressure-induced variation in the electrical conductivity of BF-4-doped polypyrrole at pressures below atmospheric pressure. We also show that there are anomalies in the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity in cyclic measurements at temperatures of 240 and 310 K. The pressure effect is interpreted as a pressure-induced order-disorder conformational transition. The anomalies in the temperature dependence are attributed to the glass transition and melting of the polymer. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Melting of conducting organic composites based on TCNQ and methyl-TCNQ salts studies by IR spectroscopy (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 8 (1998), S. 97-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Schlagwort(e): TCNQ salts ; IR spectra ; melting ; charge transfer, electron-phonon coupling ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: The infrared spectra (400-7000 cm-1) of three composites based on salts of tetracyano-p-quinodimethane (TCNQ) and methyl-TCNQ with N-alkyl-isoquinolinium cations are measured as a function of temperature (up to about 450 K). The influence of composite melting on the charge transfer and vibrational bands is studied. It is found that melting causes an irreversible transition into a new phase. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
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