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  • Articles  (1,907)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (1,817)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Emerald
  • Frontiers Media
  • 2020-2022
  • 1995-1999  (1,907)
  • 1996  (1,907)
  • Physics  (1,817)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (90)
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  • Articles  (1,907)
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  • 2020-2022
  • 1995-1999  (1,907)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shopping for health - food for thought: a programme in public health promotion (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 11-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Outlines a health promotion programme run in conjunction with a local Asda supermarket in Ayr. The event focused on the store itself. Community dietitians were available for specific advice, and a team of student dietitians conducted evaluations, circulated special discount coupons, and handed out health promotion material. Throughout the store there were specific health messages following NACNE and COMA report guidelines. A treasure hunt and food pyramid both acted as additional activities for customers. Publicity prior to the event included local radio and press advertising. The event was evaluated as a success and shoppers said they would like more such events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610105824
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dieting - are nutritional requirements satisfied? (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 24-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Diets, notably diets aimed at weight reduction, appear regularly in women's general interest magazines. Recently there has also been an increase in publications aimed at health promotion or slimming, and in the availability of "slimming aids". The efficacy of some of these has been questioned, and concern expressed over the nutritional adequacy of some diets. Investigates the nutritional adequacy of nine diets drawn from a variety of publications. Most diets were aimed at weight loss, but some were promoted as a "new way of life", e.g. food combining. Energy levels supplied by all diets were below current recommendations, thus weight reduction would be the result of low energy intakes. Overall, the nutritional value of the diets was reasonable.The main concern was low iron intakes supplied by the Food Combining for Health diet, where the diet is followed for long periods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610105851
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Doctors and the provision of advice on nutrition (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 9-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summarizes some key findings from surveys conducted by the National Dairy Council to establish attitudes towards nutrition and the provision of dietary advice among GPs and the general public. Examines the confidence of GPs in explaining terms and concepts relating to nutrition. Reveals uncertainty among both health professionals and the public. Looks at factors which affect people's ability to change their eating habits. Finally, considers ways to improve the situation, suggesting, for example, greater training in basic nutrition for medical students at undergraduate level and in-service training in nutrition for practice team staff by dietitians.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610119199
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adulteration and fraud threaten safety (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 23-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Examines the health hazards presented by fraud in the food and drinks industry, and provides examples involving factors such as counterfeiting, re-labelling and substitution of inferior ingredients. Gives detailed information relating to impure olive oil in the USA and toxic rapeseed in Spain. Considers advances in methodology for detection of adulteration and methods for the prevention of fraud and adulteration. Notes the systems put in place by Nestlé and J. Sainsbury plc. Concludes that the competition between fraudsters and the food and drinks industry is likely to increase in the future, especially as the threat to consumer safety becomes more apparent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610119216
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Practical approaches to increasing vegetable consumption (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 48-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reports the results of a Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food-funded research project which examined practical approaches to increasing vegetable consumption. Identifies ways of overcoming obstacles to increasing the consumption of both vegetables and fruits. Develops practical strategies for implementing the findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129260
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The literature on advertising and children's food choice (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 15-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reports on a 1994 Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF)-funded review of literature on advertising and children's food choice. Identifies and details four main research areas: frequency and content of television advertising to children; purchase request behaviour; influence of advertising on food-related behaviour; and influence of advertising on attitudes and values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129189
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nutritional implications of food choices from catering outlets (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 26-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reports on a study which addressed meal selection in catering outlets (e.g. school or workplace canteens) from the perspective of the caterer and consumer. Asks what foods are supplied and why these are chosen. Questionnaires were sent to a selection of catering colleges, school and workplace canteens and to a general catering industry sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129314
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How fats and carbohydrates in familiar foods contribute to everyday satiety by their sensory and physiological actions (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Duodenal action of rapidly digested carbohydrate can induce an intense satiation shortly after the meal, which conditions down the volume of food eaten in the later part of the meal. In contrast, after a meal rich in spreading fat, separation of fat above the aqueous contents of the stomach is liable to delay the fat's emptying and hence its contact with satiety receptors in the small intestine; eaters are therefore unlikely to learn to eat less of a menu rich in separated fat. Yet the delayed emptying may prolong the period of digestion and absorption of separated fat beyond that for the same amount of fat emulsified or bound in the aqueous phase. Hence, separating fat might help to delay better the rise of appetite for the next meal several hours later. These ideas explain some of the diversity of claims about satiation from fats in foods. Observes how individuals learn from the post-ingestional effects on appetite of variants of the foods they choose routinely.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129224
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Food biotechnology: current developments and the need for awareness (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 5-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Discusses some current and future applications of genetic modification of food production, and describes some of the initiatives under way to raise awareness of these developments among industry and consumer groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610148917
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MAFF's research programme on food acceptability and choice (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 5-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Briefly outlines main objectives of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF) research programme Food Acceptability and Choice. Looks at the project portfolio and lists recent, current and future research topics by author. Concludes by listing relevant literature from the MAFF programme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129233
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Communication strategies for the effective promotion of dietary change (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 52-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Outlines research on the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food-funded project Communication strategies for the Promotion of Dietary Change. With a view to general dietary recommendations and to Health of the Nation targets, the focus of this three-year project is the promotion of dietary change through information provision. A multidisciplinary team of researchers at the Institute of Food Research, Reading, is conducting the research, drawing on a number of different theoretical perspectives and methodological procedures. Pays special emphasis to the issue of fat consumption, summarizes the practical role of the theory of planned behaviour, the elaboration-likelihood model and unrealistic optimism research, and outlines the development of a novel food and drink diary. Advocates a multidisciplinary, integrative approach to information-based health promotion efforts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129288
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Health and diet in a rural area: the construction of food choice in later life (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 22-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Describes a study of food choice among elderly people living in a rural area. The findings reveal that knowledge about "healthy foods" in this age group is good and that people often choose healthier foods in preference to alternatives, despite finding the alternatives more palatable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129206
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vegetables and fruits: barriers and opportunities for greater consumption (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 44-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reports on a three-phase Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food-funded study which aimed to identify beliefs and attitudes that may act as barriers to increased fruit and vegetable consumption and to identify strategies which could be used to encourage increased consumption through public health messages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129251
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Guidelines on educational materials concerned with nutrition (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 12-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Outlines the reasons for and development of the Guidelines on Education Materials Concerned with Nutrition published in July 1996 by the UK Government's nutrition task force to help achieve the Health of the Nation dietary targets. States that the guidelines should help food manufacturers develop appropriate education materials on diet and health issues. Lists the guidelines and a checklist used by the food technology unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610148926
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition at the University of Reading (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 17-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reports the award, to the University of Reading, of an endowment in accordance with the wishes of the late Dr Hugh Sinclair for a unit devoted to the research and teaching of human nutrition. Outlines the work currently taking place within the unit and its plans for the future. Describes the life, work and legacy of Dr Hugh Sinclair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129305
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bile acids and health: is fibre the answer? (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 29-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Bile acids are usually related to biliary problems such as gallstones, but are in fact implicated in other diseases as well. Reviews bile acid formation in the body and its role in digestion. Discusses the concept that a diet involving fibre, particularly non-starch polysaccharides, may be the key to health with respect to coronary heart disease and colon cancer, through interactions with the bile acids. Points out that this is not a new idea but one that still needs further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610148953
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemistry in the kitchen: milk and milk products I (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 27-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Investigates the factors determining the quality of milk and heat-treated milk products. Discusses the composition and structure of milk with particular reference to proteins, fat and lactose with emphasis on emulsion stability, fat globules and the casein micelles. Describes the preservation of milk by heat treatment to produce pasteurized, sterilized, ultra heat-treated milks, and the chemical and physical changes taking place during this processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610108993
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What do homeless people eat and can Crisis FareShare help improve their diet? (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 15-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reports on a survey of the diets of 423 homeless people attending day centres and soup runs in London during 1994 and 1995. Also analyses the potential nutritional benefits of Crisis FareShare - a project which distributes surplus fresh food to homeless people. Highlights the vitamin and mineral deficiencies of homeless people and the achievements of Crisis FareShare in providing these nutrients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610114699
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retailing - getting it right (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 14-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Discusses the approach to retailing taken by J. Sainsbury plc. Notes the importance of taking into account factors such as changes in consumer attitudes and demographic changes. Provides details of systems used by J. Sainsbury to reduce checkout queues and improve ordering, delivery and shelving of goods. Mentions the importance of Sainsbury own-brand products and the role of guaranteeing quality in retaining customer loyalty. Examines logistical factors related to efficient ordering of goods. Finally, looks towards the future for retailing and stresses the importance of retailers understanding the needs of customers in terms of both goods and services.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610119243
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The safe use of recycled and reused plastics in food contact materials - part II (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 34-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The use of plastic as packaging material has been increasing at an exponential rate with time over the past decades. After use, most of the plastic waste has traditionally been disposed of into landfills, which in turn have led to serious environmental concerns, but landfill sites are decreasing. Discusses options such as recycling and reuse of post- consumer plastics, which may contribute to solving these environmental problems and touches on relevant European legislation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610119234
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of television in the food choices of 11-18 year-olds (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Describes the main research objectives and reports on some findings from a Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF)-funded research project on the role of television in food choice, currently in its second year. Begins by outlining the rationale for the study and presents some preliminary analysis of data obtained from a survey of some 200 11-18 year-olds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129170
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Constraints on dietary choice: the role of income (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 19-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Describes work carried out on a two-year Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF)-funded project of the constraints on freedom of dietary choice and their implications for the adoption and maintenance of healthy diets. Looks at whether there are differences in diet knowledge and preferences between people on different income levels.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129198
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of high-energy and reduced-energy breakfasts comprising fat-substituted foods on appetite, satiety and subsequent nutrient intake (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 30-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Assesses the effect of fat substitutes on satiety and subsequent food intake in men; 50 per cent of fat in pork sausages was replaced by natural fat substitutes - Avicel, Tapiocaline and Simplesse. Results showed that high-energy fat breakfasts comprising full-fat sausages led to delayed satiety compared with high-energy CHO breakfasts. There were no differences between hunger and satiety ratings nor energy and fat intakes following different fatsubstituted breakfasts on the test day and the following day. The deficit in energy between high-energy and reduced-energy breakfasts was maintained throughout the test day. Consumption of one reduced-fat meal resulted in a significant reduction of energy intake, which was not compensated for on the test day or on the following day.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610129297
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HeartWell - healthy alliances in action (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 25-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Describes the steps taken to develop the national award-winning community-based project. HeartWell is built on the formation of alliances and commitment of key players from health, local government and voluntary organizations. The whole project was developed as a result of, and in response to, local coronary heart disease (CHD) research which identifies the health authority covered as having one of the highest mortality rates from CHD in England. Some of the food-related projects are described to highlight the significance of food in relation to promoting positive heart health at a community-based level. Utilizes qualitative and quantitative data in the evaluation of process and intermediate outcomes of the project, a key focus being the effectiveness of alliance partnerships and community involvement in the successful delivery of health initiatives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610148944
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protective effects of fruits and vegetables in the diet (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 6-10 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The current recommendation of the World Health Organisation is to eat five portions of fruit and vegetables per day for optimal health. This is the result of a large body of research into the effect of whole foods and food components on biological systems, combined with epidemiological studies. Presents some of the mechanisms by which these components may act. Shows also the types of fruit and vegetables which would make a good combination for "five-a-day". The benefits from increased consumption of fruit and vegetables vary between individuals but include lowered risks of cancer, heart disease and cataract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610105806
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  • 26
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    Garlic - a panacea for health and good taste? (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 32-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Garlic (Allium sativum L) is becoming increasingly popular as an important component in the culinary vocabulary of the cooks in this country. Humans are known to have consumed garlic for many millennia as a cure for a wide variety of different conditions. Its volatile components are reputed to have antithrombotic, antimicrobial, free radical scavenger activity associated with them. Its mythical medicinal properties are now being studied scientifically and some of the claims have been proven to be correct. Ten years ago garlic would have been difficult to obtain except in the speciality health shops or ethnic supermarkets: now it is freely available everywhere.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610105860
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High pressure food processing (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 8-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Discusses the use of high pressure in the processing, packaging and shelf life of food products. Describes the effects of high pressure on food microbiology, chemistry and structure. Suggests there are commercial opportunities for new products using pressure packaging as the flavours and colours of fresh food are maintained with minimal processing.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610108966
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  • 28
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    Statistics for food science III: sensory evaluation data. Part B - discrimination tests (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 16-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Describes statistical methods applied to sensory discrimination tests. Illustrates binomial and chi-square statistical analysis and discusses similarity testing, power and replication in discrimination testing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610108975
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    Talking to themselves: food commentators, food snobbery and market reality (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 5-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Offers a preliminary examination of the nature of food snobbery. However, any psychological evaluation of the concept of snobbery is eschewed in favour of discussion that locates professional food commentary in a market context. By understanding the narrow targeting of professional food commentary, it is simultaneously possible to illuminate the extent to which such commentary arises essentially as a function of journalistic rather than culinary or gastronomic values. In taking this approach, the intention is not to stereotype food journalism which, in some areas of commentary on food, exhibits a reflexive quality, but rather to emphasize that, contra relativist approaches to the study of taste (reflected in aphoristic expressions such as "each to his own taste"), journalistic commentary on food can be seen to be a phenomenon which, in fact, distorts public perceptions of the nature of food markets, especially in the context of dining out.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610153777
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    Viewpoint: spilling the genes - what we should know about genetically engineered foods (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 3-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Observes that an indirect reason why genetically engineered food is viewed with suspicion is that recent serious food safety problems have undermined public confidence, both in the food industry and in government, making further "tampering" with food unwelcome. Challenges the assertion that genetic engineering is the answer to worldwide hunger and cites reasons to disbelieve it. Suggests that any advantages from genetic engineering are more likely to benefit the food industry, rather than consumers. Addresses the issues of potential new hazards, lack of clear labelling and the likelihood that impending European Union legislation will not control the producer-driven development and increased used of genetically engineered enzymes, additives and food ingredients. Questions whether that which is technically feasible is necessarily desirable.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610118910
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    An international perspective on food and cooking skills in education (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 27-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The imposition of the National Curriculum on schools in England and Wales took place without any substantive consultation with professional practitioners in education and other intersectoral groups. One of the consequences of this imposition has been the "optionalization" of food skills in the curriculum. The result, it is feared, will be an even greater reliance on precooked, convenience foods which are, in general, nutritionally inferior to home-cooked meals - and generally much more expensive, a major consideration for low income families. Therefore the concern is that the nation's diet will be adversely affected which, in turn, will have a detrimental influence on the nation's health. Looks at the validity of these concerns in Britain but also calls on material gathered in consultations with health and education professionals in other countries. Aims to strengthen the argument for prioritizing food cookery skills in schools as one of the most effective health promotion strategies in protecting the means which families and individuals have to determine what they eat, rather than forfeiting this to the mass processed food industries.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610153795
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    Gender perspectives on food and cooking skills (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 35-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Attempts to draw together some of the key themes which those attempting to promote food and cooking skills need to consider, with particular emphasis on issues affected by gender. Raises concerns about the construction of "eating disorders", of diet and weight concerns among women, and of how food is managed in the household. Refers to some of the feminist literature in order to help to explain these patterns. Discusses how to tackle problems with food and eating in a preventive way in schools.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610153803
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    Acculturation: the symbolism of ethnic eating among contemporary British consumers (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 12-26 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In the last two decades there has been a dynamic growth in consumption of ethnic foods both in and outside home in the UK. Explores symbolic meanings associated with ethnic food consumption by native British consumers in the light of this growth. At a very broad level, an acculturation framework is applied to describe this cultural transformation of tastes from the traditional to the exotic. Starting from an initial dislike of these alien ethnic foods, argues that consumers have moved towards acculturation, and in some cases overacculturation, of these foods. Draws on participant observation of food consumption among seven English households, and on in-depth interviews with 22 participants.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610153786
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    Inactivation studies on BSE agent (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 36-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Transmissible degenerative encephalopathy agents are relatively resistant to standard decontamination procedures. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent was inactivated by sodium hypochlorite but not sodium dichloroisocyanurate; 1M or 2M sodium hydroxide was unreliable for BSE and scrapie agents. BSE infectivity survived a two-year exposure to formol saline. Porous-load autoclaving at 134-138°C was ineffective with BSE and scrapie agents, and resistance to porous-load autoclaving was enhanced by prior exposure to ethanol. Gravity displacement autoclaving at 132°C was also ineffective with BSE agent. Gravity displacement autoclaving at 121°C was effective with scrapie agent if it was exposed to 2M sodium hydroxide during autoclaving. After BSE-spiked material was processed through facsimiles of EC rendering processes, infectivity was recoverable in the meat and bonemeal produced by four of these processes. Using scrapie-spiked material, infectivity was recoverable in all meat and bonemeal samples except those derived from processes which used steam under pressure.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610153678
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    A week that shook the meat industry: the effects on the UK beef industry of the BSE crisis (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 17-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The BSE crisis was triggered on 20 March 1996 by the statement from the Secretary of State for Health concerning the possible link between BSE and new variant CJD. Begins by discussing the state of the UK beef industry and British beef market prior to the announcement. Then looks in detail at the catastrophic effects that the crisis had on the industry in the following six months to October 1996. Clearly the beef crisis is not over but the industry has now entered a period of recovery. The way ahead for the industry will involve fundamental re-engineering and rationalization accompanied by intensive marketing activity, as it tries to rebuild the domestic market and eventually to re- establish export markets. The domestic market for beef has been much more resilient than any dared hope but the industry faces a major challenge in restoring the high consumer confidence that beef once had. This reconstruction is now under way. Systems of traceability, monitoring, quality control and assurance are being set up to bring the competitive advantage needed to win back lost export markets and enable the industry to face the rigours of the world marketplace.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610153650
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    BSE: a review of the scientific evidence (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 4-16 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Outlines the scientific evidence surrounding the occurrences of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) in the UK. Examines the background to and development of the recent outbreaks and their possible causes. Looks in detail at the role of prions, the encephalopathy infective agent, the origins of the disease and its transmission in cattle and the controls which have been introduced to minimize the impact of the disease. Examines the evidence as to whether BSE can be transmitted to humans in the form of V-CJD (variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease), in the light of the UK government announcement of 20 March 1996 that eating infected beef products was the most likely cause. Briefly discusses which parts of BSE-infected cattle carry the infective agent, measures taken which affect the food chain and research which is being undertaken in the field. Concludes that muscle meat, milk and milk products and tallow from British beef are safe within the normal meaning of the term.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610795586
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    The hidden costs and benefits of BSE (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 26-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Analyses the likely impact of the recent bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) crisis on the organization of the UK beef supply chain. Using concepts from New Institutional Economics, argues that, in addition to the direct financial costs of the crisis, additional hidden transaction costs and long-term "transaction benefits" should be considered. Hidden costs include the increased need for monitoring and traceability in the supply chain, while hidden benefits may result from a reorientation of the industry towards a more consumer-driven focus, a greater attention to food safety issues and opportunities for branding and market segmentation. It is suggested that the hidden transaction costs and benefits are likely to lead to closer vertical co-ordination throughout the beef supply chain.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610153669
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    Segmenting the UK egg market: results of a survey of consumer attitudes and perceptions (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 7-12 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Despite the long-term decline in per capita consumption, eggs remain an important staple in the British diet. Having recovered from the salmonella scare in 1989, the image of eggs has suffered in recent years due to the growing awareness of (and concern over) diet and health, and bird welfare. Reports the results of a recent consumer survey and concludes that there is a polarization of egg consumers, with free-range consumers at one extreme, largely influenced by bird welfare, and battery consumers at the other, for whom functional properties (size and shell) and value for money are the major factors determining egg purchasing behaviour.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610111269
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    Male attitudes towards healthy eating (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 4-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Investigates male attitudes towards healthy eating and makes comparisons with a group of women of similar age and socio-economic status. Claims the results indicate that men are less likely to use books and magazines as a source of nutrition information and are less likely to buy or eat products advertised as "low calorie", "diet" or "lite". However, products which are labelled "low fat" are more likely to be eaten by men, suggesting that reducing dietary fat is the part of the healthy eating message which has been absorbed most effectively by men. Finds less interest in healthy eating among older men, although it was not clear whether the men interviewed who were aged over 56 years played a major role in food choice decision making within their individual families.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610111250
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    Meat inspection costs - a charge too far? (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 13-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Presents the recent case of Woodspring District Council v. Bakers of Nailsea Ltd which has highlighted several contentious points of EU legislation for the meat industry, especially the cost of abattoir inspections. EU law states that these inspections should be carried out by official veterinary surgeons thus incurring great cost. Bakers of Nailsea contended that these inspections could have been done by qualified meat inspectors at a greatly reduced cost. Proposes that, although the judge ruled against Bakers of Nailsea, this case has implications for other similar cases. Discusses EU Directives and Regulations concerning food safety and hygiene.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610111278
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    Fat content and sponge cake quality (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 20-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Reports a recipe modification exercise which was undertaken to determine whether an acceptable sponge cake could be produced using low-fat spreads in place of full-fat margarine or butter. The textural and sensory qualities of the cakes were studied and a price analysis carried out to identify price differences between low-fat and full-fat spreads. Presents results which indicate that, as the fat content of cakes decreases, the sensory quality also decreases, although an acceptable product can be produced using a spread containing 65 per cent fat. Finds that low-fat spreads are in many cases more expensive than their full-fat equivalents. Highlights the need for further work to identify a fat replacer which can be used successfully in baking.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610111287
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    Consumer awareness of citrus fruit attributes (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 23-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Reports on research into the level of consumer awareness of the attributes of citrus fruit. Claims it is necessary to convert consumer attitudes towards healthy eating into appropriate consumer behaviour. Hypothesizes that consumer knowledge of some important attributes of fruit and vegetable products is low, and that better informed consumers might make better informed purchasing decisions. Describes the methodology and results of the survey which finds evidence that consumers are largely ill-informed about the attributes of the citrus fruit that they purchase.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610111296
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    Customer-supplier relationships in the UK trade of rice (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 29-35 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Deals with some issues associated with relationship-forming patterns within the UK trade of rice. In particular examines the importance of 16 variables, through a telephone survey, at three levels of the distribution chain, millers/ importers, manufacturers and retailers. The results indicate an overall uniformity in the importance of the variables between the channel intermediaries. In relative terms, finds soft/ personal variables to be perceived as less important than hard/product-related variables. Furthermore, consistent with existing literature, identifies the following relationship-forming groups of variables: interpersonal or intanintegrative criteria, relationship monitoring criteria, price criteria and product criteria.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610111304
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    Genetic manipulation of crops (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 5-9 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Genetic engineering offers an opportunity to improve aspects of the agronomic performance, resistance to pests and pathogens and end use quality of crops by inserting specific genes. Discusses the basic principles and procedures of plant genetic engineering, including the use of particle bombardment for delivery of genes into regenerable tissues. Also discusses how this technology can be used to alter the level (up or down-regulation) or pattern of expression of endogenous genes, or to insert novel activities or properties by inserting genes from other sources (other plants, animals or microbes). Finally, describes work in progress in our own laboratories on the improvement of the bread- making quality of wheat by manipulating the amount and composition of the HMW subunits of glutenin.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610119801
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    Genetic modification for the production of food: the food industry's response (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 53-72 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Explores the scope for using genetically modified organisms by undertaking a survey which considered awareness (knowledge) of and policy implications for both the UK food retailer and manufacturer. Uses interviews and a postal questionnaire. Finds that the UK food retailing industry is generally well-informed, while in contrast to the retailers, food manufacturers are, in general, poorly informed and show a lack of awareness of possible products and the implications their usage may have for their companies. Few are abreast of research and development in this area. Both retailers and food manufacturers believe that biotechnology could be applied beneficially to many aspects of food production, and are aware of the many consumer concerns and issues which need to be addressed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610795595
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    The quality of public sector food-poisoning surveillance in England and Wales, with specific reference to salmonella food poisoning (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 1-109 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Describes a study to measure the quality of service provided by food-poisoning surveillance agencies in England and Wales in terms of the requirements of a representative consumer - the egg producing industry - adopting "egg associated" outbreak investigation reports as the reference output. Defines and makes use of four primary performance indicators: accessibility of information; completeness of evidence supplied in food-poisoning outbreak investigation reports as to the sources of infection in "egg-associated" outbreaks; timeliness of information published; and utility of information and advice aimed at preventing or controlling food poisoning. Finds that quality expectations in each parameter measured are not met. Examines reasons why surveillance agencies have not delivered the quality demanded. Makes use of detailed case studies to illustrate inadequacies of current practice. Attributes failure to deliver "accessibility" to a lack of recognition on the status or nature of "consumers", combined with a self-maintenance motivation of the part of the surveillance agencies. Finds that failures to deliver "completeness" and "utility" may result from the same defects which give rise to the lack of "accessibility" in that, failing to recognize the consumers of a public service for what they are, the agencies feel no need to provide them with the data they require. The research indicates that self-maintenance by scientific epidemiologists may introduce biases which when combined with a politically inspired need to transfer responsibility for food-poisoning outbreaks, skew the conduct of investigations and their conclusions. Contends that this is compounded by serious and multiple inadequacies in the conduct of investigations, arising at least in part from the lack of training and relative inexperience of investigators, the whole conditioned by interdisciplinary rivalry between the professional groups staffing the different agencies. Finds that in addition failures to exploit or develop epidemiological technologies has affected the ability of investigators to resolve the uncertainties identified. Makes recommendations directed at improving the performance of the surveillance agencies which, if adopted will substantially enhance food poisoning control efforts.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610118901
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    Genetic modification of farm animals (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 10-13 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Animal production is still a major UK industry of about £10 billion and like all aspects of agriculture faces a number of challenges. The biotechnology revolution is also sweeping through the industry with a range of major emerging technologies becoming available. Describes these technologies and discusses their potential impact on the agro-food industry and the public. Although the issues raised appear at first sight novel, they can be regulated under the current framework available within the UK; public concern over some of the technologies is genuine but in most cases can be answered. Currently research in the UK puts this country at the forefront of these technologies and the emerging commercial opportunities must not be lost.
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    Biotechnology and enzymes in the food industry (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 14-19 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Enzymes present in raw food materials can play a key role in processing. Biotechnology can be used to manipulate and employ enzymes in food production. Presents several case studies, including the production of chymosin by a genetically engineered micro-organism for use in the manufacture of cheese, which illustrate the potential for applying biotechnology in this field of activity.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610119829
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    Patenting, intellectual property rights and food biotechnology (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 20-23 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Explains the principles and purposes of patenting. Discusses the role of patenting plant variety rights and other protection in relation to developments in plant and animal biotechnology. Concludes that protection is needed to reward success and encourage man to develop products which will feed the world population.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610119838
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    UK food industry initiatives (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 24-30 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Describes the work of the Advisory Working Group in Biotechnology established by the Institute of Grocery Distribution. This brought together representatives from a range of interests in the food chain to identify problems in relation to public acceptability of foods which involve the use of biotechnology and how they may be overcome.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610119847
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    Consumers and biotechnology in The Netherlands (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 34-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Reports on studies conducted in The Netherlands on consumer attitudes to food products which involve the use of biotechnology. Finds that transgenic animals were not acceptable whereas genetically modified plants or micro-organisms were likely to be accepted, especially when there are clear benefits for consumers. Also discovers that there is a strong demand for information to be provided, but this does not necessarily always have to appear on the label.
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    Food biotechnology - views of farmers and growers (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 31-33 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Presents the views of farmers and growers on the use of biotechnology in the production of food. Identifies many significant benefits for consumers and producers. However, the National Farmers' Union has a number of concerns about the technology, and recognizes that farmers and growers will have a key role to play in the responsible use of the technology.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610119856
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    Consumer acceptability of genetically modified foods with special reference to farmed salmon (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 39-47 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: This study employs a focus group methodology to examine the factors affecting the acceptability of gene technology in food production, using genetically modified (GM) farmed salmon as a focus for the research. The results identified a small group of "triers" - willing to try any GM food product, and a small group of "refusers" - rejecting the technology and derivative products. For the middle majority of "undecided" consumers, the decision to accept or reject GM food products was based on a number of interrelated factors, associated with the food product and the benefits conferred.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610119874
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    Viewpoint: an independent food agency? (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 5-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Claims that there is renewed pressure for an indpendent food agency to be established so that food safety and consumer protection decisions can be taken in a system where there is thought to be a better balance between the various pressure groups interested in such matters. States that, whatever the political conclusion on this, there are considerable practical issues that have to be examined and determined before any such agency could operate effectively. Suggests that in the end, the merits of the matter are probably presentational and political rather than offering a signficantly better route for reaching appropriate food safety decisions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004271
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    Effective communication about genetic engineering and food (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 48-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Discusses the importance of effective risk-benefit communication about genetic engineering in food production. The consumer, industry and science are all likely to benefit from the creation of an "informed consumer". There is a need to develop strategies to maximize the effectiveness of such communication, in order to reach target audiences. Risk-benefit communication is likely to require a different approach to that which has evolved from the communication of risk information alone. Investigates future research needs and concludes that risk-benefit communication will usefully invoke public debate about future directions for technological evolution and development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610119883
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    The supply chains of perishable products in northern Europe (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 9-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Looks at the concept of supply chain management, discussing the theory and its relevance to perishables distribution and marketing. Shows how supply chain management (SCM) moves on from neoclassical theories of the firm to a new paradigm for business where competition pits channel against channel, and where supply chain partners combine skills and resources which none of the participants would be able to achieve independently. Argues that a growing recognition of the competitive advantage that can be gained through improving co-ordination in the supply chain is the starting point for SCM initiatives that are evolving in the fresh produce sector. Observes that the fruit and vegetable supply chain has traditionally been fragmented but the last decade has seen rapid structural change. Briefly analyses the results of a qualitative survey of several northern European markets, in context, to highlight the differing degrees of pipeline integration within each system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610131320
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    Training caterers for the new hygiene regulations (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 27-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: New European legal requirements require the proprietors of food businesses to supervise and train all food handlers commensurate with work activity and to establish hazard analysis systems. Considers the training implications for operational and managerial staff in the catering industry. Gives recommended levels of food hygiene training for different categories of staff and discusses the suitability and availability of training courses. Reviews sources of guidance on developing effective hazard analysis systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610131348
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    A transaction cost analysis of quality, traceability and animal welfare issues in UK beef retailing (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 16-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Presents a study of the procurement of beef by UK supermarkets. Investigates the hypothesis that a retailer's choice of beef supplier is influenced by the transaction costs incurred in different supply relationships. Measures the relative importance of the transaction costs incurred by retailers as a result of concerns over quality consistency, traceability and farm animal welfare using conjoint analysis. Data for the conjoint analysis were collected through a postal survey of UK supermarket retailers. From the results, suggests that the information and monitoring costs arising from the need to ensure that beef supplies are of a consistent quality are relatively important influences on the choice of supplier, followed by the traceability of cattle, whether the beef originates from a farm assurance scheme and the price paid by the retailer. Also analyses procurement preferences of individual respondents, revealing some interesting differences between the retailers. Concludes that strategic alliance partnerships between retailers, processors and marketing groups composed of farmers may emerge as the method of vertical co-ordination which minimizes transaction costs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610131339
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    Using conjoint analysis to establish consumer preferences for fruit and vegetables (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 5-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Considers the technique of conjoint analysis as a method for acquiring insights into the preferences for food products. Applies the technique to establish the trade-offs that consumers make between price, quality, convenience to prepare and location of purchase in the purchasing of fruit and vegetables. Also uses the technique to estimate indirectly willingness to pay for the included attributes according to income group. Quality was found to be the most important attribute. Reveals, through segmentation of the price attribute by income, that those on higher incomes had a higher marginal valuation of price. Also suggests that respondents understood the questionnaire, and answered it in a meaningful and consistent way. Suggests that the technique could successfully be used to establish consumer preferences for alternative food products that are commercially feasible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610150879
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    1.19850+ billion mouths to feed: food linguistics and cross-cultural, cross-"national" food consumption habits in China (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 33-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Investigates the various major sociolinguistic subcultures of China with specific attention to their distinctive food preferences, coupled with a tradition of food symbols which interweave Chinese subcultures. Points out that, contrary to popular belief among foreign business people, there is no "China market"; rather, there are many diverse markets within China. Notes that there are many languages and, hence, cultures in the country, and the people do not all eat the same foods; yet, at the same time, there is a rich unity of symbolic tradition associated with the foods the Chinese eat - indeed there is an elaborate food linguistic the semantics of which need to be understood by outsiders. Presents an introduction and overview of the diversity and unity of China as it relates to food, and its findings should be of value to those working in various aspects of the food and agriculture industries who may have an interest in China markets, those interested in either importing or exporting Chinese food products, exporting food processing equipment or farming and agricultural technology, and those in the food business serving Chinese populations of significant size around the world.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610131357
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    Choice of weaning foods (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 13-16 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Choice of weaning and infant foods was established among a group of 56 mothers resident in Edinburgh who had infants under 18 months of age. The survey looked at the use of commercial and home-made infant foods and aimed to identify the factors which influenced the decision to use commercial or homemade foods during weaning. Results indicate that, while convenience and perceived suitability for infants are a major factor in the decision to use commercial infant foods, first or only children are much more likely to be fed commercial infant foods. Mothers who were employed outside the home did not use commercial baby foods more than mothers who were at home with their children and, although older mothers were slightly more likely to make infant foods in the home, the differences were not statistically significant. While further work is essential to establish a nationwide view, these provisional results provide further insight into factors which affect choice of infant foods.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610150888
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    The development and acceptability of a smoked processed cheese (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 17-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Given factors such as increasing competition, price and quota influences and changing consumer trends, many dairy companies have tried to move away from an overdependence on the production of staple dairy products, towards diversification into newer and broader product ranges. Outlines work carried out in conjunction with a UK manufacturer to develop a good quality smoked processed cheese. However, also illustrates the benefits of a logical and systematic approach to the development process, making best use of available techniques, including chemical and sensory analysis. Such an approach is not particularly innovative, nor need it be very expensive, but it can be extremely effective. Work involved modifying recipe and process parameters, followed by consideration of suitable smoking methods. Options were tested by an in-house trained sensory panel, as well as by a consumer panel and a final product was obtained, incorporating Cheddar cheese and a liquid smoke flavour.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610150897
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    The export market for Thai frozen shrimps in the European Union (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 24-28 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Thailand's recent export performance in the EU market for frozen shrimps has improved markedly. Constant market share analysis reveals this improvement to be predominantly the result of competitive advantages in production and marketing. Thailand is able to produce shrimps of high and consistent quality at low costs, under conditions which meet the hygiene and safety standards set by the EU. In addition to competitive advantages, Thailand has benefited from growth in the overall size of the EU export market for frozen shrimps, but has suffered from having only relatively small shares in the important markets of some member States. Market research on consumers' tastes and preferences could further improve Thailand's recent export performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610150905
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    Budget-constrained high-quality procurement strategies subject to risk (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 29-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Addresses important logistical considerations in the distribution of a seasonal food product. While most organizations recognize that quality affects both demand and cost, the degree of uncertainty in the distribution channel itself, which impacts quality through management's efforts to procure adequate stock of product during peak demand, must also be considered. Develops a stochastic dynamic programming formulation from which budget-constrained order quantities may be determined. Shows that the distribution and timing of orders impacts on quality, which is measured by the shortage probability over the multiple period planning horizon. Provides a numerical example from which optimal solutions are obtained. Provides a basic framework from which decision support tools may be developed to assist in procuring a product in a distribution channel where receipt quantities are probabilistic.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610150914
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    Addition of nutrients: the importance to public health (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 3-11 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Notes that the Committee on Medical Aspects on Food Policy (COMA) is currently reviewing the nutritional status of the population in relation to micronutrients statutorily added to flour and yellow fats (iron, calcium, thiamin, niacin, vitamins A and D) and folic acid. Also that, given the reduction of average energy intakes in the UK and changing food habits it is becoming more difficult for certain population groups to meet recommended intakes of essential nutrients. Focuses on three key areas of particular concern identified by COMA: iron status; bone health; and folate status. Suggests that the statutory addition of iron, calcium, thiamin, and niacin to flour and vitamins A and D to margarine, and the voluntary addition of folic acid to breakfast cereals and some breads are practices that can help to prevent nutritional inadequacies.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004275
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    Addition of nutrients: current practice in the UK (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 12-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Notes that the main criteria for selecting nutrients to be added to foods are that they are shown to be safe, effective and beneficial, or that for certain at-risk population groups there is a demonstrable need. Also that addition of nutrients requires careful attention to food regulations, labelling, nutritional rationale, cost, acceptability of the product to consumers and assessment of technical and analytical limitations for compliance with label declarations. Points out that there are several examples where the nutritional enrichment of foods (restoration and fortification) has helped prevent or reduce the level of nutritional inadequacies within a population. Concludes that foods with added nutrients provide an ideal vehicle for improving the nutritional status of populations, particularly in the light of changing lifestyles and dietary patterns.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610151067
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    Reversing market trends: the challenge for the UK fresh fruit sector (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Notes that fresh fruit consumption in the UK is low, relative to most other EU countries, and static. Also that fruits which can be grown commercially in the UK, such as apples and strawberries, show a declining trend. Observes that in an increasingly competitive market-place, fresh fruit does not meet the evolving wants of key consumer groups. concludes fruit marketing organizations must invest in research and development to produce strong consumer-orientated proprietary products and, then, provide them with the promotional support that premium products warrant if they are to survive and prosper in markets which will come under increasing competitive pressure in the next decade and century.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610151076
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    Food assembly markets in Africa: lessons from the horticultural sector of Kenya (1996)
    Bradford : Emerald
    British food journal 98 (1996), S. 26-34 
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    ISSN: 0007-070X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Notes that in Africa, food assembly markets are a key part of the institutional framework in which efficient and effective food marketing channels can develop. Examines existing assembly markets for horticultural commodities in Kenya, showing that they evolve in surplus areas with relatively poor farm accessibility and low supply concentration. Observes that under these circumstances, the markets serve to reduce transport and/or information costs to suppliers and buyers and that "dual systems" and "first- and second-level assembly markets" may evolved. Anticipates that rural assembly markets will gain in importance, or at least maintain their current importance, in the coming decade and advises African policymakers who intend to develop such markets for horticultural commodities or grains to focus on areas with a surplus production, low supply concentration and poorly accessible farms. Concludes that the assembly markets should be better accessible by road or rail than their hinterland.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709610151085
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    Resistant starch (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 20-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Resistant starch is that fraction which escapes digestion and absorption in the small intestine of healthy individuals. Recent studies have focused attention on the origin and quantity of this material in our diets, and its role as a source of fermentable carbohydrate for the colonic flora.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610105842
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    It pays to look after your bones! (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 14-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Osteoporosis, defined as abnormally low bone density, results in increased risk of fractures with consequent increase in morbidity and mortality. An important determinant of age-related fractures is low bone density. Current public health strategies aim to maximize bone mass in elderly people, yet the bone mass obtained in the first three decades of life is a major determinant of bone mass later. Up to half the variation in peak adult bone mass among women is non-genetic and is influenced by lifestyle factors such as physical activity, calcium nutrition and sex hormone status. These factors were studied in surveys of a school age population of girls in Bournemouth. Using a seven-day dietary diary, the mean daily calcium intake of 11-12 year olds was calculated as 692.9mg (SD 209.91mg). Of the total population surveyed, 14.6 per cent had calcium intakes below the UK dietary reference values. Up to 1,500mg calcium per day in adolescence has been recommended to increase peak bone mineral density. Weight bearing activity accounted for approximately 16 per cent of daily activities. Additional information was collected on perception of body weight and dieting habits. An osteoporosis prevention health education package was produced for local teenage school children with the message that "It Pays to Look after Your Bones!" by promoting calcium nutrition and exercise.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610105833
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    Chemistry in the kitchen: fish and fish products (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 41-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reviews the characteristics of differing fish types along with their structure, composition and quality. Examines organoleptic changes associated with microbial, oxidative and enzymic spoilage during post-harvest storage of fish.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610105897
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    Food choice in later life (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 4-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Elderly people have often been neglected in lifestyle surveys, so little is known about the foods they eat and the attitudes which inform their food choices. Describes a collaborative study currently in progress in the City of Nottingham which investigates food choice among elderly people living at home. Aims to improve our understanding of the decisions and circumstances which influence the quality and quantity of foods consumed by older people by assessing the influence of taste preference factors, micro-economic factors, personal and health status factors, practical considerations and accessibility of food retail outlets on the selection of foods by older people.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610108957
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    Survival of 0157:H7 in ground beef during normal cooking procedures (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 23-26 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli 0157:H7 is known to cause bloody diarrhoea (haemorrhagic colitis) and, in vulnerable groups, haemorrhagic ureamic syndrome. The majority of outbreaks have been associated with the consumption of ground beef products, and cattle have been identified as an important environmental reservoir of the organism. Investigates the survival of the organism in ground beef products during normal cooking procedures. Finds that in certain products Escherichia coli 0157:H7 is able to remain viable and, therefore, maintain the potential for human pathogenicity.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610108984
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    Software selection V (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 35-36 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Features the Fast Food Diner software program produced by British Meat and aimed at teachers and pupils studying Food Technology at Levels 3 and 4 of the National Curriculum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610109019
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    Chemistry in the kitchen - milk and milk products II (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 21-24 
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    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Uses the basic chemical and physical information discussed in "Milk and milk products I" and applies this information to a range of other milk products. Describes the methods of preparation of concentrated and dried milks, cream and butter, and fermented milk products, particularly yogurt and cheese. Discusses the chemical and physical changes taking place during the preparation of these products and how these changes determine the quality characteristics.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610114716
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    Software selection VI (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 25-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Features a nutrition package aimed at caterers, schoolteachers or others who want to evaluate the quality of school meals. The package can be used to evaluate either an "average" diet from a series of menus which provide lunches for a school, or to assess an individual pupil's diet over a period of at least five school days. SMAP can be used on any IBM or 100 per cent compatible PC.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610114725
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    Nutritional health project: "putting food on their agenda" (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 6-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Health of the Nation set national targets for improving the health of the population and identified five key areas for action, one of which was heart disease. Particular reference is made within the coronary heart disease key area to diet and the need for dietary change if coronary heart disease and stroke targets are to be met. In order to achieve these targets people have to feel comfortable with healthy eating and exercise programmes. The "Putting food on their agenda" project looks at targeting a deprived area in Middlesbrough in the North of England, providing a practical down to earth approach, looking at the problem from the point of view of the people, not the health professionals.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610114671
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    Nutritional awareness of professional football teams with particular reference to carbohydrate (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 12-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Investigates the link between diet and exercise for professional footballers. In particular, finds out how much football players in England and Wales know and understand about nutrition via a postal survey. Finds that a large majority of players want to know more about nutrition with respect to their sport, and highlights where improvements in provision of this information can be made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610114680
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    Government announces plans to establish a pesticides forum (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 29-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summarizes the themes emerging from a conference held in London in October 1995 to discuss Government policy on the minimization of pesticide use and suggests mechanisms through which its main conclusions might be developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610114752
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    The safe use of recycled and reused plastics in food contact materials - part I (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 32-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: First part of an article which focuses on the use of plastics as packaging material. This use has been increasing at an exponential rate with time over the past decades. After use, most of the plastic waste traditionally has been disposed of into landfills which in turn have led to serious environmental concerns. Landfill sites are decreasing. Discusses options such as recycling and reuse of post consumer plastics which may contribute to solving these environmental problems. Also discusses relevant European legislation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610114770
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    Sensory analysis and the food industry: can computers improve credibility? (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 36-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The potential value of sensory analysis has often been undermined in the food industry, where results tend to be viewed with scepticism. In reality, however, various forms of sensory-related work can provide an important investigative and informative function in a number of areas. This may include consumer preference and buying behaviour, product development, production and quality control. The objective must be to achieve a realistic balance between sensory and instrumental methods and to manage the sensory process effectively, if results are to be meaningful. The main problem, however, is in dealing with people and their variability. A preliminary study assessed the potential value of using computerized systems to help improve the credibility of sensory analysis and, in particular, to maintain and improve panel motivation and consistency of response. Generally, accuracy improved significantly as tests progressed and panellists preferred using the computerized system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610105888
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    How much are we spending and what are we consuming when we eat out? (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 12-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Presents the findings of the eating out extension of the National Food Survey 1994. Finds that on average 28 per cent of the total household food and drink expenditure is spent outside the home. Discusses the trends in food type, amount spent, facilities used and nutritional contradiction in relation to household composition, age groups, sex, income and region of the country.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610182063
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    Computerizing the sensory evaluation laboratory (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 31-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Discusses the potential uses of computers in the sensory evaluation laboratory. Suggests factors to be taken into consideration when designing a computer system for this application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610109000
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    Food for thought - or thought for food: diet and individual effects (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 18-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Looks at the effect of diet on disease and ill health from three perspectives: the past, the present and the future; the latter section listing dietary factors which the author believes will affect future practice of dietitians, food scientists and psychologists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610114707
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    The Flora Project for Heart Disease Prevention: 25th anniversary (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 27-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In celebration of the 25th anniversary of The Flora Project for Heart Disease, outlines the work of the project, including literature, sponsorship, activities, nutritional analyses and research projects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610114734
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  • 86
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    Iron (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 5-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Iron is found widely in the diet, but there are many factors that affect its absorption. Haem iron, found in meat, is well absorbed whereas non-haem iron absorption is variable, and affected by many other components in the diet. Requirements for iron are highest in women, and during infancy and adolescence. Intakes of iron in the UK are generally within the range of iron reference values; however, a sub-group of women with particularly high requirements may benefit from supplements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610119180
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    Cross-cultural aspects of eating disorders in Asian girls (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 19-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Reviews a number of surveys and case reports dealing with eating disorders among Asian girls, the majority of which were conducted in areas of the UK. Makes some comparisons between disorders among white and non-white girls and, particularly in the case reports, considers factors which may influence the girls' attitudes towards eating. Suggests that eating disorders among Asian females may be a rising problem and that, given the rising proportion of "minority groups" in the UK, it is one which demands greater investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610119207
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  • 88
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    Probiotics and product innovation (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 27-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Discusses a research project carried out by Nestlé in Lausanne to identify health-beneficial bacteria within its collection. Shows how an exploratory research project can lead to product innovation and new product launches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610119225
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  • 89
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    Food safety for babies (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 20-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Young babies are vulnerable to food-borne disease. Examines the results of a questionnaire survey of parents and carers in day nurseries to examine the practices used to sterilize feeding equipment, reconstitute infant milk feeds and prepare weaning foods. Reports on observations of infant feeding practices carried out in six day nurseries. Standards of food handling in the nurseries were high but there was a lack of knowledge about current food hygiene regulations. Parents generally complied with recommended techniques for sterilizing equipment and reconstituting infant feeds. Extensive use was made of convenience weaning foods but foods were also prepared in the home. Recommended cooling and reheating techniques were not widely used. Some potentially unsafe practices were used to transport reconstituted milk feeds or weaning foods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610148935
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    Something's smoking in the development kitchen! (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 96 (1996), S. 34-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: States that increasingly food companies in all product sectors are recognizing the potential benefits of applying a systematic and effectively managed product development process, along with supporting techniques such as sensory evaluation. Outlines part of a project which set out to fill an identified gap in the market for a good quality, smoked processed cheese. The main methods of incorporating a smoked flavour were trialled and assessed through sensory evaluation, using an in-house, semi-trained sensory panel, as well as a consumer panel, which considered the final products. Results clearly highlighted a preferred product, incorporating a liquid smoke flavour. However, although the product has been developed successfully, the potential negative connotations associated with this concept may also need to be considered prior to launch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659610148962
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  • 91
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    Universal Quantum Simulators (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-08-23
    Description: Feynman's 1982 conjecture, that quantum computers can be programmed to simulate any local quantum system, is shown to be correct.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lloyd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Aug 23;273(5278):1073-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The author is at the D'Arbeloff Laboratory for Information Systems and Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. E-mail: slloyd@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8688088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-alpha- and obesity-induced insulin resistance (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-02-02
    Description: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is an important mediator of insulin resistance in obesity and diabetes through its ability to decrease the tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor (IR). Treatment of cultured murine adipocytes with TNF-alpha was shown to induce serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and convert IRS-1 into an inhibitor of the IR tyrosine kinase activity in vitro. Myeloid 32D cells, which lack endogenous IRS-1, were resistant to TNF-alpha-mediated inhibition of IR signaling, whereas transfected 32D cells that express IRS-1 were very sensitive to this effect of TNF-alpha. An inhibitory form of IRS-1 was observed in muscle and fat tissues from obese rats. These results indicate that TNF-alpha induces insulin resistance through an unexpected action of IRS-1 to attenuate insulin receptor signaling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hotamisligil, G S -- Peraldi, P -- Budavari, A -- Ellis, R -- White, M F -- Spiegelman, B M -- DK 42539/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Feb 2;271(5249):665-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8571133" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipocytes/*metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins ; Insulin Resistance/*physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Obesity/*metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism/*physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Rats, Zucker ; Receptor, Insulin/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Serine/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The science doctorate (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-02-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hotchkiss, C E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Feb 9;271(5250):745b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17796302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Merit, Quality, and the SIBR Program (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-06-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whalen, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Jun 21;272(5269):1725a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17831837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    Persistent site-specific remodeling of a nucleosome array by transient action of the SWI/SNF complex (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-07-26
    Description: The SWI/SNF complex participates in the restructuring of chromatin for transcription. The function of the yeast SWI/SNF complex in the remodeling of a nucleosome array has now been analyzed in vitro. Binding of the purified SWI/SNF complex to a nucleosome array disrupted multiple nucleosomes in an adenosine triphosphate-dependent reaction. However, removal of SWI/SNF left a deoxyribonuclease I-hypersensitive site specifically at a nucleosome that was bound by derivatives of the transcription factor Gal4p. Analysis of individual nucleosomes revealed that the SWI/SNF complex catalyzed eviction of histones from the Gal4-bound nucleosomes. Thus, the transient action of the SWI/SNF complex facilitated irreversible disruption of transcription factor-bound nucleosomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Owen-Hughes, T -- Utley, R T -- Cote, J -- Peterson, C L -- Workman, J L -- GM47867/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM049650/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM049650/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Jul 26;273(5274):513-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Gene Regulation, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802-4500, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8662543" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; DNA, Fungal/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Deoxyribonuclease I/metabolism ; Fungal Proteins/*metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Nuclear Proteins ; Nucleosomes/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Contraceptive technology. Panel wants to break R&D barrier (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-05-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 May 31;272(5266):1258.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8650534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Contraceptive Agents/economics ; *Drug Industry/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Female ; Humans ; Institute of Medicine (U.S.) ; Insurance, Health ; Liability, Legal ; Male ; *Research/economics ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Explaining "linguistic features" of noncoding DNA (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-01-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bonhoeffer, S -- Herz, A V -- Boerlijst, M C -- Nee, S -- Nowak, M A -- May, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Jan 5;271(5245):14b-5b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17798153" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Origin of replication of Mycoplasma genitalium (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-05-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lobry, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 May 3;272(5262):745-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8614839" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Composition ; Chromosomes, Bacterial/*genetics ; DNA Replication ; Genome, Bacterial ; Mycoplasma/*genetics ; *Replication Origin
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    CRNF, a molluscan neurotrophic factor that interacts with the p75 neurotrophin receptor (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-11-29
    Description: A 13.1-kilodalton protein, cysteine-rich neurotrophic factor (CRNF), was purified from the mollusk Lymnaea stagnalis by use of a binding assay on the p75 neurotrophin receptor. CRNF bound to p75 with nanomolar affinity but was not similar in sequence to neurotrophins or any other known gene product. CRNF messenger RNA expression was highest in adult foot subepithelial cells; in the central nervous system, expression was regulated by lesion. The factor evoked neurite outgrowth and modulated calcium currents in pedal motor neurons. Thus, CRNF may be involved in target-derived trophic support for motor neurons and could represent the prototype of another family of p75 ligands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fainzilber, M -- Smit, A B -- Syed, N I -- Wildering, W C -- Hermann -- van der Schors, R C -- Jimenez, C -- Li, K W -- van Minnen, J -- Bulloch, A G -- Ibanez, C F -- Geraerts, W P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Nov 29;274(5292):1540-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Berzelius Laboratories Building, Doktorsringen 12A, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. michael@cajal.mbb.ki.se〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8929417" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Calcium/metabolism ; Hemolymph/chemistry ; Humans ; Lymnaea/*chemistry ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Motor Neurons/ultrastructure ; Nerve Growth Factors/chemistry/genetics/isolation & ; purification/metabolism/*physiology ; Neurites/physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor ; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/*metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Just how old is that DNA, anyway? (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-05-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 May 10;272(5263):810.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8629007" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Amber/chemistry ; Amino Acids/*chemistry ; Animals ; DNA/*analysis/chemistry ; *Fossils ; History, Ancient ; *Paleontology ; Stereoisomerism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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