ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (5,315)
  • Other Sources
  • Springer  (5,315)
  • 2020-2023
  • 1995-1999  (5,315)
  • 1995  (5,315)
  • Geosciences  (5,315)
Collection
  • Articles  (5,315)
  • Other Sources
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2020-2023
  • 1995-1999  (5,315)
Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using The Navstar Signals To Make Traffic Flow More Smoothly (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 3-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is This the Launch that Guides Millions of Navstar GPS Users? (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 1-2 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GPS And Loran-C: A Great Approach Navigation System For General Aviation Aircraft (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 11-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Future Opportunities In An Expanding User Community (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 7-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using GPS Legally To Define A Parcel Of Land (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 5-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unworkable Policy Under Fire (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 9-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GPS – The World's New Utility (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 81-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Navigating Space Vehicles Using Signals From NAVSTAR GPS Satellites (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 86-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GPS Spoken Here (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 90-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstrating Technology In Motion And Economic Growth Through GPS (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 91-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    International Acceptance of GPS (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 94-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GPS In The Real World (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 88-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    From the Ground ... Up! A Workhorse Rocket for GPS (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 108-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GPS Tensor Development (An Applications-Based Technology Breakthrough) (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 99-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Status Of Improvements And Changes To The NAVSTAR GPS Master Control Station (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 96-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GPS Solutions for the Verification and Resolution of GIS Coordinate Database (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 129-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Where Is It and Where Is It Going? A Comprehensive Look at GPS Asset Location Systems, Part 2 (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: In the previous article we covered what asset location systems (ALS) are and the features and benefits they offer. In this article we explore the various features to be considered when acquiring an ALS and steps to be taken. We discuss what users are saying they want in an ALS, including the results of a survey of vehicle tracking system users and providers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NAVSAT/621B/GPS: Present at the Creation (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 139-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improving Orthometric Heights Using Precise GPS Measurements (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 113-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The vertical component obtained from the Global Positioning System (GPS) observations is from the ellipsoid (a mathematical surface), and therefore needs to be converted to the orthometric height, which is from the geoid (represented by the mean sea level). The common practice is to use existing bench marks (around the four corners of a project area and interpolate for the rest of the area), but in many areas bench marks may not be available, in which case an existing geoid undulation is used. Present available global geoid undulation values are not generally as detailed as needed, and in many areas they are not known better than ±1 to ±5 m, because of many limitations. This article explains the difficulties encountered in obtaining precise geoid undulation with some example computations, and proposes a technique of applying corrections to the best available global geoid undulations using detailed free-air gravity anomalies (within a 2° × 2° area) to get relative centimeter accuracy. Several test computations have been performed to decide the optimal block sizes and the effective spherical distances to compute the regional and the local effects of gravity anomalies on geoid undulations by using the Stokes integral. In one test computation a 2° × 2° area was subdivided into smaller surface elements. A difference of 37.34 ± 1.6 cm in geoid undulation was obtained over the same 2° × 2° area when 1° × 1° block sizes were replaced by a combination of 5' × 5' and 1' × 1' subdivision integration elements (block sizes).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two Reports On NAVSTAR GPS Recall Early Thoughts On A “Borderles System” (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 143-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ICAO GNSS Activities (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 145-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Georesearch Maintains Lead In Innovative GPS/GIS Solutions (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 148-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conclusions of the International Conference on Planning for Global Radionavigation, Moscow, June 1995 (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 146-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Unfolding Future of the Global Navigation Satellite System. Part 1. From the Past to the Present (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 23-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: This is the first in a series of three articles authored by John Beukers. In this series, John will lead us through some of today's relevant radionavigation history putting turbulent times into perspective. Picking out what he considers significant in the current debate, he projects the future for satellite and terrestrial radionavigation systems well into the 21st century.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interfacing to GPS Receivers: A Need for a Standard (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 48-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GPS Approaches Augmented by the Transponder Landing System (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 38-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Positioning, Navigation, and Timing: Facts and Issues (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 54-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current Status of GLONASS (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 59-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Where Is It and Where Is It Going?: A Comprehensive Look at GPS Asset Location (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 13-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: Asset location systems, including vehicle and property tracking systems, are in the verge of exploding onto the scene for widespread business and personal use. This is due in part to decreased costs of GPS equipment, and greater availability of wireless communication systems, but also largely due to public awareness of their capabilities and benefits. Companies, organizations, and individual consumers that earlier could not justify the costs of tracking systems are now seriously considering their implementation. Public awareness of such systems is growing daily. Newspapers regularly have articles covering the latest applications of GPS. En route nagivation for aircraft, assisting blind people to navigate the streets of a city, and tracking skiers on slopes are some of the topics of recent newspapers articles on GPS. This article explores GPS asset location systems, looks at their features and foibles, and considers their cost, utility, ease of use, and drawbacks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GPS/GIS: Establishing Highly Accurate and Effective Control Points (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 28-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: Executive Summary GPS is a scientific method used as an adjunct to geographic information systems (GIS) for determining high-accuracy control points over large areas. Recent improvements in receiver technology, differential surveying, and software have made use of GPS technology more practical for smaller GIS projects. This article compares three different GPSs with occupation times of 2 and 12 min using an existing control network, comparing the location of the points and the distances between points. The control network internal distances vary from 40 to 280 m, and within 2000 m of the nearest second-order National Geodetic Survey (NGS) triangulation station. The partnership of GPS and GIS will lead to higher surveying integrity while improving digital mapping on the ground over small and large areas. It also allows for postsurvey analysis with solutions coming from multiple base stations. Presented here is a case study of how to achieve highly accurate and effective control points using using GPS/GIS, particularly for a small area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvements by the USAF 2nd Space Operations Squadron at the Master Control Station Are Benefiting GPS Users (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 65-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: The NAVSTAR Global Positioning System is a space-based, all-weather, worldwide satellite navigation system. GPS uses the constellation of satellites and associated ground equipment to perform the primary missions of highly accurate navigation, time transfer, and nuclear detonation detection. To achieve these missions, GPS has three clearly defined segments – space, user and control (see Figure 1). The control segment, otherwise referred to as the operational control segment (OCS), consists of the personnel and equipment that controls the space segment and interfaces with the user segment. The OCS is made up of the master control station (MCS), the ground antennas (GA), and the monitor stations (MS). The purpose of this article is to describe how the 2nd Space Operations Squadron runs the MCS, the key element of the OCS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    25th Meeting of the Civil GPS Service Interface Committee 2–3 March 1995 (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 74-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ICAO GNSS Activities (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 76-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GPS Test Standards Working Group Off to a Good Start (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 80-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Policy Wars on Several Fronts (1995)
    Springer
    GPS solutions 1 (1995), S. 85-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1521-1886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation for partially observed Markov processes (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 33-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Hidden markov models ; maximum likelihood estimation ; EM algorithm ; martingale estimating function ; forward-backward algorithm ; Monte Carlo ; filtering ; Nash cascade model ; rainfall runoff modeling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Many stochastic process models for environmental data sets assume a process of relatively simple structure which is in some sense partially observed. That is, there is an underlying process (Xn, n ≥ 0) or (Xt, t ≥ 0) for which the parameters are of interest and physically meaningful, and an observable process (Yn, n ≥ 0) or (Yt, t ≥ 0) which depends on the X process but not otherwise on those parameters. Examples are wide ranging: the Y process may be the X process with missing observations; the Y process may be the X process observed with a noise component; the X process might constitute a random environment for the Y process, as with hidden Markov models; the Y process might be a lower dimensional function or reduction of the X process. In principle, maximum likelihood estimation for the X process parameters can be carried out by some form of the EM algorithm applied to the Y process data. In the paper we review some current methods for exact and approximate maximum likelihood estimation. We illustrate some of the issues by considering how to estimate the parameters of a stochastic Nash cascade model for runoff. In the case of k reservoirs, the outputs of these reservoirs form a k dimensional vector Markov process, of which only the kth coordinate process is observed, usually at a discrete sample of time points.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581757
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A stochastic physical system approach to modeling river water quality (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 117-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: River Quality ; network ; computer model ; Thermodynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, concepts of network thermodynamics are applied to a river water quality model, which is based on Streeter-Phelps equations, to identify the corresponding physical components and their topology. Then, the randomness in the parameters, input coefficients and initial conditions are modeled by Gaussian white noises. From the stochastic components of the physical system description of problem and concepts of physical system theory, a set of stochastic differential equations can be automatically generated in a computer and the recent developments on the automatic formulation of the moment equations based on Ito calculus can be used. This procedure is illustrated through the solution of an example of stochastic river water quality problem and it is also shown how other related problems with different configurations can be automatically solved in a computer using just one software.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01585602
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exploratory spectral analysis of hydrological times series (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 171-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: AR-AIC-Bayes filter ; autoregressive spectral density estimation ; diagnostic checks for ARMA models ; exploratory data analysis ; fast Fourier transform ; Hurst coefficient ; long-memory times series ; periodogram smoothing ; riverflow time series ; spectral density plots
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Current methods of estimation of the univariate spectral density are reviewed and some improvements are made. It is suggested that spectral analysis may perhaps be best thought of as another exploratory data analysis (EDA) tool which complements, rather than competes with, the popular ARMA model building approach. A new diagnostic check for ARMA model adequacy based on the nonparametric spectral density is introduced. Additionally, two new algorithms for fast computation of the autoregressive spectral density function are presented. For improving interpretation of results, a new style of plotting the spectral density function is suggested. Exploratory spectral analyses of a number of hydrological time series are performed and some interesting periodicities are suggested for further investigation. The application of spectral analysis to determine the possible existence of long memory in natural time series is discussed with respect to long riverflow, treering and mud varve series. Moreover, a comparison of the estimated spectral densities suggests the ARMA models fitted previously to these datasets adequately describe the low frequency component. Finally, the software and data used in this paper are available by anonymous ftp from fisher.stats.uwo.ca.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581718
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computational aspects in use of entropy theory in predicting water quality levels at discontinued stations (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 215-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Computation ; discretization ; entropy ; networks ; time averaging ; water quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The computational aspects of using a new, entropy-based, theory to predict water quality values at discontinued water quality monitoring stations are discussed. The main computational issues addressed are the level of discretization used in converting the continuous probability distribution of water quality values to the discrete levels required for the entropy function, and the choice of the interval of time for which to assign the value of the water quality (period of time averaging) through the entropy function. Unlike most cases of entropy applications involving discretization of continuous functions the results of using entropy theory to predict water quality values at discontinued monitoring stations in this application appear to be insensitive to the choice of the level of discretization even down to the very coarse level discretization associated with only eight intervals. However, depending on the length of record available the choice of the time interval for which the water quality values are assigned (period for time averaging) appear to have a significant impact on the accuracy of the results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581720
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the distributed parameter filter to predict simulated tidal induced shallow water flow (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 13-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Distributed parameter filter ; shallow water equations ; distributed dynamical systems ; data assimilation ; white Gaussian noise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Distributed parameter filtering theory is employed for estimating the state variables and associated error covariances of a dynamical distributed system under highly random tidal and meteorological influences. The stochastic-deterministic mathematical model of the physical system under study consists of the shallow water equations described by the momentum and continuity equations in which the external forces such as Coriolis force, wind friction, and atmospheric pressure are considered. White Gaussian noises in the system and measurement equations are used to account for the inherent stochasticity of the system. By using an optimal distributed parameter filter, the information provided by the stochastic dynamical model and the noisy measurements taken from the actual system are combined to obtain an optimal estimate of the state of the system, which in turn is used as the initial condition for the prediction procedure. The approach followed here has numerical approximation carried out at the end, which means that the numerical discretization is performed in the filtering equations, and not in the equations modelling the system. Therefore, the continuous distributed nature of the original system is maintained as long as possible and the propagation of modelling errors in the problem is minimized. The appropriateness of the distributed parameter filter is demonstrated in an application involving the prediction of storm surges in the North Sea. The results confirm excellent filter performance with considerable improvement with respect to the deterministic prediction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581756
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the Bayesian approach in regional analysis of extreme rainfalls (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 77-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Extreme rainfalls ; partial duration series ; regional estimation ; Bayes' theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Based on the Partial Duration Series model a regional Bayesian approach is introduced in the modelling of extreme rainfalls from a country-wide system of recording raingauges in Denmark. The application of the Bayesian principles is derived in case of both exponential and generalized Pareto-distributed exceedances. The method is applied to, respectively, the total precipitation depth and the maximum 10 minutes rain intensity of individual storms from 41 stations. By means of the regional analysis prior distributions of the parameters in the Partial Duration Series model are estimated. It is shown that the regional approach significantly reduces the uncertainty of the T-year event estimator compared to estimation based solely on at-site data. In addition, the regional approach provides quantile estimates at non-monitored sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581759
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Appraisal of regional and index flood quantile estimators (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 49-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Flood frequency analysis ; index flood estimators ; L-moments ; GEV distribution ; regionalization ; probability weighted moments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Our results illustrate the performance of at-site and regional GEV/PWM flood quantile estimators in regions with different coefficients of variation, degrees of regional heterogeneity, record lengths, and number of sites. Analytic approximations of bias and variance are employed. For realistic GEV distributions and short records, the index-flood quantile estimator performs better than a 2-parameter GEV/PWM quantile estimator with a regional shape parameter, or a 3-parameter at-site GEV/PWM quantile estimator, in both humid and especially in arid regions, as long as the degree of regional heterogeneity is moderate. As regional heterogeneity or record lengths increases, 2-parameter estimators quickly dominate. Flood frequency models that assign probabilities larger than 2% to negative flows are unrealistic; experiments employing such distributions provide questionable results. This appraisal generally demonstrates the value of regionalizing estimators of the shape of a flood distribution, and sometimes the coefficient of variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581758
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A resumé of nonlocal transport theories (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 105-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Nonlocal ; transport ; dispersion ; heterogeneity ; integro-differential
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Analysis from a number of different perspectives has shown diffusion and dispersion in natural porous formations to generally be nonlocal in character, i.e., the mass balance involves integro-partial differential equations. Only in certain asymptotic limits do these laws localize to classical partial differential equations. Compiled within is a resume of nonlocal laws that our group has developed over the last few years for systems with physical, chemical and biological heterogeneity. Analytical tools used to obtain these laws are nonequilibrium and equilibrium statistical mechanics, and first-order spectral-perturbation methods. This paper is an expansion of the material presented at the Waterloo conference held in the memory of Dr. Unny.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01585601
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automated first and second order moment equations for a set of stochastic differential equations of type AŻ+BZ=C(t) (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 133-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: moment-equations ; state-space ; numerical integration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The generation of the second and higher order moment equations for a set of stochastic differential equations based on Ito's differential lemma is difficult, even for small system of equations. From the knowledge of the statistical properties of the Gaussian white noises associated with the parameters and input coefficients of a set of stochastic differential equations of typeA.Ż+B.Z=C(t), a way to automatically generate the second order moment equations in a computer is presented in this paper. The resulting set of first and second order moment equations is also presented in the same state-space form of the original set of stochastic differential equations through a vectorization of the correlation matrix, which takes advantage of its symmetry. The procedure involved here avoids the inversion of matrixA to apply Ito's differential lemma. Therefore, the presented numerical implementation reduces the computational effort required in the formulation and solution of the moment equations. Moreover, other robust and efficient numerical deterministic integration schemes can be equally applied to the solution of the moment equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01585603
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of three-dimensional flow fields for statistically anisotropic heterogeneous porous media (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 238-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581721
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagrammatic solutions for hydraulic head moments in 1-D and 2-D bounded domains (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 269-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Stochastic analysis ; diagrams ; groundwater flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We present a diagrammatic method for solving stochastic 1-D and 2-D steady-state flow equations in bounded domains. The diagrammatic method results in explicit solutions for the moments of the hydraulic head. This avoids certain numerical constraints encountered in realization-based methods. The diagrammatic technique also allows for the consideration of finite domains or large fluctuations, and is not restricted by distributional assumptions. The results of the method for 1-D and 2-D finite domains are compared with those obtained through a realization-based approach. Mean and variance of head are well reproduced for all log-conductivity variances inputted, including those larger than one. The diagrammatic results also compare favorably to hydraulic head moments derived by standard analytic methods requiring a linearized form of the flow equation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581729
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stochastic and statistical methods in hydrology and environmental engineering (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 1-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Environmental management ; extreme values ; hydrology ; stochastic differential equations ; sustainable development ; time series analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Recent developments in stochastic and statistical methods in hydrology and environmental engineering presented in the upcoming sequence of research papers are evaluated, compared and put into proper perspective. These papers are being published as a memorial to Professor T. E. Unny who was a founding Editor of the journalStochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics. As explained in this introductory paper, other activities that took place to celebrate Professor Unny's lifetime academic accomplishments include an international conference held in his honor at the University of Waterloo in June, 1993 and the publication of a four-volume conference proceedings in 1994.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581755
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of three dimensional flow fields for statistically anisotropic heterogeneous porous media (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 89-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: 3D subsurface flow ; stochastic transport ; statístical anisotropy ; heterogeneous porous media
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A methodology for generating three dimensional (3D) flow fields for statistically anisotropic heterogeneous porous media is presented and demonstrated. The simulated flow fields are shown to exhibit the input spatial correlation structure and observe mass continuity. Sample flow fields are presented in the form of cross sectional slices of the 3D formation. These cross sections demonstrate visually the characteristics of subsurface flow. The method was found to be faster than traditional techniques in terms of its computational requirements. Given this method, it is possible to generate the large number of realizations of a velocity field necessary to compute high order statistics in transport problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581760
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can a costly reporting system make environmental enforcement more efficient? (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 151-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Environmental regulation ; compliance ; game theory ; whistle-blowing ; reporting system ; water quality management
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A formal mathematical model is developed to ascertain the effectiveness of a reporting system for improving the enforcement of environmental laws and regulations when reports are costly. To model realistic enforcement problems arising over environmental issues such as compliance to water and air quality standards, a formal enforcement model is constructed using concepts from probability and statistics, non-cooperative game theory, and economics. In order to demonstrate clearly the benefits gained when an environmental agency takes advantage of a reporting system, a formal enforcement model with a costly reporting system is rigorously compared to one with no reporting system. The calculation and comparison of Nash equilibria for a range of values of model parameters indicates under what conditions a reporting system can be truly effective. Overall, it is found that a reporting system, such as whistle-blowing, can be helpful for reducing violations of environmental standards, thereby maintaining better environmental quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01585604
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trend analysis: binary-valued and point cases (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 207-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Abelson-Tukey coefficients ; binary time series ; detection ; floods ; monotone trend ; point process ; Rio Negro ; time series ; trend
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A sequence of occurrence times of floods may be considered to be part of a realization of a binary-valued time series or of a stochastic point process. In this paper a criterion for detecting the presence of a monotonic trend in the rate of the process is considered. The criterion is based on linear functions of the data with the coefficients chosen to emphasize a monotonic rate. In the case that the process is stationary and mixing, the null distribution of the test statistic is approximately standard normal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581719
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stochastic analysis of multiphase flow in porous media: 1. Spectral/perturbation approach (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 239-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Stochastic analysis ; multiphase flow ; porous media
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Stochastic analysis of steady-state multiphase (water, oil, and air) flow in heterogeneous porous media was performed using the perturbation theory and spectral representation techniques. The gas phase is assumed to have constant pressure. The governing equations describing the flow of oil and water are coupled and nonlinear. The key stochastic input variables are intrinsic permeability,k, and the soil grain size distribution index, α. Three different stochastic combinations of these two input parameters were considered. The perturbation/spectral analysis was used to develop closed-form expressions that describe stochastic variability of key output processes, such as capillary and individual phase pressures and specific discharges. The analysis also included the derivation of the mean flow equations and estimation of the effective flow properties. The impact of the spatial variability ofk and α on the effective conductivities and the variances of pressures and specific discharges was examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581722
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stochastic analysis of unsaturated transport in soils with fractal log-conductivity distribution (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 297-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Stochastic analysis ; unsaturated transport ; fractals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Within the framework of stochastic theory and the spectral perturbation techniques, three-dimensional dispersion in partially saturated soils with fractal log hydraulic conductivity distribution is analyzed. Our analysis is focused on the impact of fractal dimension of log hydraulic conductivity distribution, local dispersivity, and unsaturated flow parameters, such as the soil poresize distribution parameter and the moisture distribution parameter, on the spreading behavior of solute plume and the concentration variance. Approximate analytical solutions to the stochastic partial differential equations are derived for the variance of asymptotic solute concentration and asymptotic macrodispersivities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581730
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray structure of 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxathiazol-2-one (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 25-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Oxathiazolone ; structure ; nitrile sulfide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The X-ray crystal structure of 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxathiazol-2-one has been determined. Colorless, regular plate shaped crystals of C8H5O2NS crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/n (#14) with cell dimensionsa=11·161(8),b=7·1470(20),c=19·864(15) Å and β=99·77(4)°;V=1561·5(17) Å3 andZ=8.1725 unique reflections withl net〉2.5σ(l) on refinement afforded values ofR=0.054 andR w=0.049.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01666190
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Future contributions to Journal of Chemical Crystallography (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 51-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01666194
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copper(I) nitrate π-complexation: Synthesis and crystal structure of [(CH2=CH−CH2)2NH2][Cu(NO3)2] compound (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 621-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Structure ; copper(I) nitrate ; π-complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract By means of alternating current electrochemical synthesis, triclinic crystals of [(C3H5)2NH2][Cu(NO3)2] π-complex were obtained: space group $$P\bar 1$$ ,a=7.218(2),b=7.536(2),c=10.231 (3) Å, α=74.75(3), β=82.47(3), γ.=77.22(3)°, andD meas=1.80(1)g cm−3 forZ=2. The structure consists of diallylammonium cations which form two π-coordinate bonds to the same copper atom. Oxygen atoms from NO3-anions complete the trigonal pyramidal metal environment. The coordinated C=C bonds are lengthened to 1.349(5) and 1.369(5) Å.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665966
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Index abstracts (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 615-619 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665965
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, characterization, and X-ray crystal structure of tris(1,10-phenanthroline)nickel(II) perchlorate hemihydrate (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 629-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Phenanthroline complexes ; polymorphism ; racemization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound was synthesized and characterized by conventional methods and its X-ray crystal structure was determined. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with eight formula units in a cell of dimensions:a=36.714(4),b=15.746(2),c=12.337(2) Å; β=102.9(1)°. The structure is built up by alternate layers of octahedral [Ni(phen)3]2+ cations and perchlorate anions with water molecules which run in the direction of thea axis nearly parallel to thebc plane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665968
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and base promoted intramolecular nucleophilic reaction of 8-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-9,9-dimethoxy-1α,4α,4aα,6,7,8β,8aα-hexahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalene-5(1H)-one (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 641-651 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Crystal structures ; hexahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalene ; reduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Catalytic hydrogenation of two substituted hexahydro-1,4-dimethanonaphthalene-5,8-diones results in reduction of the enedione carbon-carbon double bond with concomitant reduction of only one of the two chemically equivalent C=O groups. Reaction of one partially reduced product with base results in intramolecular addition to the carbon-carbon double bond.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665970
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diastereoisomers of a prednisolone derivative (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 677-681 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Steroids ; pregnadiene ; hydroxyprednisolone acetals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structures of two synthetic corticosteroid diastereoisomers were determined by X-ray diffraction methods. (22R)-21-acetoxy-16α,17α-furfurylidenedioxy-11β-hydroxy-pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, C28H32O8, crystallized in the orthorhombic system, space group P212121,a=6.346(1),b=14.106(2),c=27.901(3) Å, andZ=4. (22S)-21-acetoxy-16α, 17α-furfurylidenedioxy-11β-hydroxy-5 pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione ethanolate, C28H32O8 ·C2H5OH, crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group C2,a=20.382(5),b=8.331(1),c=17.346(4)Å, β=103.43(2)°, andZ=4. A change of configuration at the C(22) chirality center has influence on the remote parts of the molecules. The long-range effects appear in the ability to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds by different atoms and consequently in the solvation of the (S) diastereoisomer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665975
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Future contributions to Journal of Chemical Crystallography (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 701-705 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665978
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Index abstracts (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 707-711 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01670322
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of tri-μ-carbonyl-pentacarbonyl {diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine-(P,N)} bis {diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine-(P)} tetrairidium (0), [Ir4(CO)8(PPh2pyl)3] (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 717-723 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: X-ray structure ; iridium complexes ; pyridylphosphine ligands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structure of the title tetranuclear cluster, C59H42N3O8P3Ir4, was determined by X-ray analysis. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupC2/c. The unit cell parameters are:a =47.277(6),b=10.519(3),c=23.025(4) Å, β=105.77(1)°. The iridium atoms form a nearly regular tetrahedron. Between Ir4 and N336 atoms exists a relatively strong bond, thus one of the phosphine ligands is bridging one coordinatingvia P and N atoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01670324
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Network hydrogen bonding in two new cocrystals sustained by 731-1731-1731-1, a tetrahedral hydrogen bond donor (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 731-736 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Crystal engineering ; hydrogen bonding ; acetonitrile
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report details of the synthesis and X-ray crystal structures of two new cocrystals that are sustained by the tetrahedral hydrogen bond donor [Mn(CO)3(μ3-OH)]4. [Mn(CO)3(μ3-OH)]4· 2(2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine)·2H2O·2MeCN,a=21.503(3),b=12.674(1),c=17.318(2), β=102.15(2), C2/c,D calc=1.46 mg/m3,Z=4,4188 observed reflns,R f=0.047,R w=0.040; 1.[Mn(CO)3(μ3-OH)]4·4,4′-dipyridyl·2MeCn,a=16.942(6),b=12.395(2),c=18.790(6), β=114.88(3), C 2/c,D calc=1.60 mg/m3,Z=4,2430 observed reflns,R f=0.043,R w=0.051;2. 1 crystallizes as a 2-D grid, whereas2 forms 1-D strands. The hydrogen bond patterns exhibited by1 and2 are analyzed in the context of our earlier studies involving [Mn(CO)3(μ3-OH)]4 and other relevant literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01670326
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of 751-1751-1751-1751-2751-2751-2 (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 751-754 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Cationic iron complex ; iron phosphine complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound crystallizes in the centrosymmetric triclinic space group $$P\bar 1$$ (No. 2) witha=10.818(1)Å,b=10.876(1)Å,c=11.072(2)Å, α=98.74(1)°, β=98.83(1)°, γ=96.61(1)°,V=125906(3)Å3 andZ=2. Interatomic distances include Fe−P=2.243(2)Å, Fe−CO=1.771(6)–1.781(5)Å, Fe−C(C5H5)=2.074(6)–2.103(5)Å and P−F=1.511(6)–1.571(4)Å.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01670330
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure and thermal analysis of an inclusion compound of a chiral sexipedal host with 1,4-dioxane (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 755-757 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Intramolecular interaction ; organic host molecules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal structure of the 1∶6 inclusion compound of the chiral host, hexakis[3-o-chlorophenyl)-3-(phenyl-3-hydroxy-1-propynyl]benzene with 1,4-dioxane shows that both O−H...O and C−H...O hydrogen bonds are used to bind the guests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01670331
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal and molecular structure of the inclusion compound between 1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-dicarboxylic acid and acetylacetone (1∶1) (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 769-776 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Inclusion compound ; host-guest complex ; 1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-dicarboxylic acid host ; acetylacetone guest ; H-bonding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The lattice type crystalline inclusion compound of 1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-dicarboxylic acid (BNDA) with acetylacetone (AcAc) 1∶1 has been investigated by single crystal X-ray diffraction. AcAc is present as the enolic tautomer, stabilized by a notably short intramolecular hydrogen bond. This H-bond closes a six-membered ring with delocalization of the system of conjugated double bonds. In the crystal the AcAc molecules are incorporated into channels, delimited by bulky binaphyl moieties, in a hydrogen-bonded framework of BNDA, and they do not show any disorder. The strictly stoichiometric host:guest ratio seems to be enforced by packing forces only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01670334
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray structure determination of a chiral synthon, essential for the synthesis of 25-2H-stigmasterol (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 783-786 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Chiral sulfoxide ; plant sterols ; deuterium labeled stigmasterol ; crystalline structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Synthesis of sterols with varying side chains, including deuterium labeled stigmasterol and sitosterol may be performed via the Wittig-Horner coupling of a 22 aldehyde derived from stigmasterol and a suitable sulfoxide derivative of the side chain. The X-ray structure determination of this synthon have been performed since it is a crucial step in order to know the absolute configuration of the chiral carbon atoms. Crystallographic data were as follows:a=7.437(2),b=10.103(4),c=10.274(3)Å, β=100.32(6)o, =759.4 Å3, space group P21 (No.4),Z=2,D c=1.239 g cm−3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01670336
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α-Iminohydroxylamine-α-aminonitrone tautomerism: a 1∶1 mixture of two tautomeric forms in crystals of N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-N-phenyl-hydroxylamine (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 813-821 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Tautomerism ; hydrogen bonding ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Crystals consisting of two distinct chemical entities, tautomers of each other, in exact 1∶1 ratio, have been obtained and their structure determined by X-ray analysis. The crystals of C9H11N3·C9H11N3 are monoclinic,P21/c,a=15.674(3),b=17.085(3),c=13.758(3)Å, β=90.78(2)°,Z=8. There are two hydroxylamine and two aminonitrone molecules in the asymmetric unit. Hydrogen bonds connect those molecules into chiral layers. Layers of opposite chirality alternate andthe crystal is centrosymmetric as a whole. Within those layers chains of tautomers joined by very strong O−H... O and strong N−H... N bonds can be recognized. Proton transfer along those chains with simultaneous rearrangement of π-bonds within the molecules would result in interconversion of tautomers and would affect chirality of the layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01671076
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metal-hydroxycarboxylate interactions: syntheses and structures of K2[VO2(C6H6O7)]2·4H2O and (NH4)2[VO2(C6H6O7)]2·2H2O (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 807-811 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Citric acid ; citrate complex ; oxovanadium(V) complex ; vanadate ; molecular structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Potassium and ammonium dimeric (citrato)dioxovanadium(V) hydrate K2[VO2(H2cit)]2·4H2O1 and (NH4)2[VO2(H2cit)]2·2H2O2 (H4cit=citric acid) have been prepared and characterized by X-ray structure analyses. Vanadate1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP21/n (No. 14) with unit cell parameters:a=9.304(2),b=11.756(2),c=11.911(2)Å, β=111.72(3)°, andD c=1.911 g/cm3,Z=2; Vanadate2 also crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP21/n with unit cell parameters:a=9.719(2),b=11.111(3),c=11.294(2)Å, β=109.03(2)°, andD c=1.781 g/cm3,Z=2. Each dimer contains a centro-symmetric planar four-member V2O2 ring with two exocyclic citrate entities coordinated by the oxygen atoms of the hydroxy-and α-carboxylate ligands, while the other two β-carboxylate groups remain uncomplexed. Principal dimensions of the V−O bonds are 1.986(4)av (hydroxy) and 1.980(3)Å(α-carboxyl) for vanadate1, 1.988(2)av (hydroxy) and 1.974(3)Å(α-carboxyl) for vanadate2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01671075
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Index abstracts (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 797-800 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01671073
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of tetrakisdiphenylammonium hexadecachlorotetrabismuthate(III) (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 841-844 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Crystal structure ; bismuth chloride complexes ; diphenylammonium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract [(C6H5)2NH2]4 +[Bi4Cl16]4− crystallizes in the triclinic space group $$P\bar 1$$ witha=11.835(2),b=12.393(2),c=12.625(3)Å, α=108.37(3), β=108.69(3), γ=96.00(3)° andD c=2.135 g cm−3 forZ=1. The [Bi4Cl16]4− anion is a centrosymmetric cluster of four distorted edge-sharing BiCl6 octahedra. The ranges of the Bi−Cl bonds are 2.484(4)–2.606(3)Å for Bi−Cl(terminal), 2.691(3)–2.956(4)Å for Bi-Cl(µ2), and 2.960(3)–3.120(4)Å for Bi-Cl(µ3). The cations and anions are held in place by weak hydrogen bonds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01671080
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatographic, spectroscopic, topographic, and X-ray crystallographic studies of the solid solution formed by racemic 3-carboxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy (3-carboxy-proxyl) (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 845-850 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Solid solution ; enantiomers ; disorder ; X-ray topography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The solid solution formed by the title compound, C9H16NO3, has been examined by a variety of techniques and shown to be an equi-molecular mixture of the two enantiomers. Refinement of the disordered structure was based on the orthorhombic space groupPnma witha=8.023(2),b=10.030(3), andc=12.352(2)Å, finalR=0.055. The oxygens of the carboxyl group are disordered and both enantiomers can occupy the same, rather than alternate, crystallographic sites. Results from studies involving IR, GC-MS, and chiral chromatography are also presented. In addition we report on the use of synchrotron X-ray topography to investigate strain in crystals of the solid solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01671081
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of nedocromil sodium heptahemihydrate and its comparison with that of nedocromil sodium trihydrate (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 863-870 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Nedocromil sodium hydrates ; sodium ion coordination ; water molecule networks ; carboxylate group conformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal structure of one of the hydrated forms of nedocromil sodium, the heptahemihydrate, has been determined. Crystal data:a=26.687(5),b=29.479(8),c=6.394(3) Å, orthorhombic, space groupAba2,Z=8. This structure is compared with the previously determined structure of the trihydrate [Freer, A. A., Payling, D. W., and Suschitzky, J. L.,Acta Crystallogr. 1987,C43, 1900–1905]. The two structures differ in the molecular conformation of the nedocromil anion, the intensity of color, the coordination of the sodium ions, and the environment of the water molecules. In the heptahemihydrate two of the water molecules from dimers, whereas the remaining water molecules form a two-dimensional network consisting of a pentameric chain in one direction and an infinite chain in the other. From another viewpoint, 5 1/2 water molecules in the heptahemidydrate are present in the first coordination sphere of the sodium ions, whereas the remaining two water molecules are present as “lattice” water in the crystal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01671084
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Future contributions toJournal of Chemical Crystallography (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 101-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01667046
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dialkylimidazolium-sodium chloroaluminate ternary salt system: phase diagram and crystal structure (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 57-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: phase diagram ; buffered chloroaluminate ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The phase diagram of the buffered neutral aluminum chloride + 1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazolium chloride + sodium chloride (AlCl3-EMIC-NaCl) ternary melt system can be represented by a binary phase diagram composed of (EMI)AlCl4 and NaAlCl4. In the binary phase diagram, the salts are liquid at, or near, room temperature for a wide range of compositions. At the 1∶1 composition, the congruently melting compound (EMI)(Na)(AlCl4)2 with m.p.=36.7°C is formed. Crystals of this mixed organic-inorganic salt were grown for single crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. The compound crystalizes in the space group $$P\bar 1$$ with lattice parametersa=10.321(1) Å,b=10.895(3) Å,c=9.284(4) Å, α=98.31(2)°, β=100.83(4)°, γ=101.95(3)°. Data collected at −120°C gave final residuals ofR=0.037 andR w=0.045 using 2713 observed reflections. The packing diagram reveals Na+ ion zig-zag chains running along thea-axis with each Na+ surrounded by four AlCl 4 − units, reminiscent of NaAlCl4. The AlCl 4 − ions form a distorted square planar coordination sphere around Na+ at an average Na−Al distance of 3.76(4) Å. Using a sodium ionic radius of 1.16 Å, a new AlCl 4 − ionic radius of 2.60 Å is calculated. This radius is 0.21 Å shorter than the reported thermodynamic radius.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01667037
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformation and packing differences between two anomeric xylofuranosyl uracil nucleosides: Crystal structure of α-C14N2O7H18 monohydrate (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Nucleoside ; hydrated nucleoside ; anomeric differences ; pyrimidine ; uracil ; xylofuranosyl ring ; isopropylidene rings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract 5-Acetyl-1-(3,5-O-isopropylidene-α-D-xylofuranosyl) uracil monohydrate (α-AXU·H2O) crystallizes in an orthorhombic cell of dimensionsa=7.286(6),b 14.281(10),c=15.852(11) Å. Its structure has been determined by direct methods from single-crystal CuK α X-ray data and refined to a conventionalR factor of 0.055 over 1708 unique reflections. The furanose ring has conformation C2'endo-C3'endo (rather than the uncommon C3'endo-C4'exo as in β-AXU) and the glycosidic torsion angle is −31° (17° in β-AXU). The oxygen of the water molecule in α-AXU·H2O accepts a hydrogen bond (O 10...O 5=2.70 Å) from the sugar hydroxyl O5 and the hydrogens form hydrogen bonds to a uracil carbonyl (O 10...O 2=2.78 Å) and an isopropylidene oxygen atom (O 10...O 7=2.90 Å).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665987
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the question of dubious interpretations of NOE effects in the NMR spectra of secondary β-sulfinylenamines (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 147-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665991
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray structure of isomeric 3-chloro-4-(methylthio)- and 4-chloro-3-(methylthio)quinolines (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 165-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Ortho-heteroatoms interactions ; chlorine-sulfur short contacts ; quinolines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structures of two isomeric 3,4- and 4,3-chloro-(methylthio)quinolines have been determined. For 3-chloro-4-(methylthio)-quinoline (3-Cl−4-MeS−Q); triclinic, space group $$\bar P1$$ ,a=7.199(3),b=7.919(3),c=8.921(3) Å, α=89.74(3), β=74.29(3), γ=78.55(3)°. For 4-chloro-3-(methylthio)quinoline (4-Cl−3-MeS−Q): monoclinic, space group P21/n,a=12.860(4),b=5.424(2),c=13.434(4) Å, β=90.84(3)°. The values of the Cl...S distance as well as those for the Cl−C−C(S) and (Cl)C−C−S angles indicate the attractive interaction between ortho-situated heteroatoms in isomer 4-Cl−3-MeS−Q contrary to the effects observed in the case of 3-Cl−4-MeS−Q. The conclusions were confirmed by calculations of atomic charges withab initio method 4-31G basis set, which show positively charged sulfur atom in 4-Cl−3-MeS−Q and negatively charged sulfur in 3-Cl−4-MeS−Q.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01666101
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The crystal structure and vibrational spectra of potassium oxathioamidate (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 181-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Potassium oxathioamidate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structure determination of the title compound, K−SO2NC2H2,M r=143.21, (1) is part of a series of determinations of N-substituted oxathioamidates. The structure has been refined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data measured at 295 K [MoKα-radiation with λ=0.71073 Å]. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group Pn2la,Z=8, with cell dimensions:a=11.399(2) Å,b=22.131(2) Å,c=4.021(1) Å,V=1014.5(7) Å3.D calc.=1.875 mg m−3, Dobs=1.600 mg m−3,F(000)=576, μ=13.14 cm−1. The final agreement factors for 1979 observed reflections [I〉3σ(I)] were:R=0.062 andR w=0.067. The vibrational spectra confirm the geometrical differences between the two thiooxamidate molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01666104
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural characterization of 2,6-di(2-thioenyl)-3,5-dimethyl piperidin-4-one (DTMP) in solution and solid state (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 177-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Piperidine ; conformation ; chair ; equatorial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structure of the title compound, DTMP (C15H17NS2O), has been investigated in solution and in the solid state by IR, NMR and X-ray methods. The crystal structure was solved by direct methods and refined by least-squares procedures to anR-factor of 0.073. The piperidine ring adopts achair conformation. The methyl and thioenyl rings are in theequatorial position. The angle between the best plane of the piperidine ring and the thioenyl rings A and B are 88.1(1)° and 89.5(1)°, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01666103
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antifungal copyrine alkaloids: crystal structure of 3-methylsampangine (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 223-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Antifungal alkaloids ; 3-methylsampangine ; crystal structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract 3-Methylsampangine, C16H10N2O, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c witha=7.260(3),b=10.697(5),c=15.342(6) Å, and β=102.69(4). All nonhydrogen atoms of this potent antifungal agent are planar to within 0.082 Å. The title compound exhibits potentin vitro antifungal activity againstC. neoformans, C. albicans andA. fumigatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665173
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of (meso-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato) dichlorophosphorus(V) chloride, [P(tpp)Cl2]+Cl− (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Octahedral ; phosphorus ; chloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound [P(tpp)Cl2]+Cl− crystallizes in the space group P21/n witha=10.701(2),b=24.860(2),c=14.799(2), β=94.24(2)°,Z=4. The phosphorus atom has an octahedral coordination geometry formed by the four nitrogen atoms (Np) of the porphyrinato group and the two chloride ions. The average phosphorus-chloride distance is 2.150(1) Å, with phosphorus situated 0.006 Å below the porphyrin ring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665175
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The crystal structure of a N-(2-thiophenyl)-salicylaldiminopiperidino nickel(II) complex (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 259-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Schiff base ; piperidine ; salicylaldimine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of the title complex, C18H19N2OSNi, has been determined by direct methods. The compound crystallizes in monoclinic crystal system witha=11.968(1),b=12.182(1),c=12.399(1) Å, β=115.23(1)°, space group P21/n. Nickel is in a slightly distorted square-planar environment of two nitrogens [1.881(2) and 1.952(2) Å] and one oxygen [1.856(3) Å] and one sulphur [2.138(2) Å] atom. Ni is 0.005 Å out of the plane of its ligands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665180
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of a bulky cyclic sulfite (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 215-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Crystal structure ; cyclic sulfite ; pentacycloundecane-8 ; 11-dione
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structure of the cyclic sulfite derived from the reaction of thionyl chloride withendo-8-hydroxy-exo-8-(endo-8′-hydroxypentacyclo[5.4.0.0.2,6.03,10.05,9]undec-exo-8′-yl)pentacyclo-[5.4.0.0.2,6.03,10.05,9]undecane is reported. All bond lengths and angles are consistent with the strained cage geometry. A static disorder of the terminal oxygen was found to be present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665171
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of decacalcium tetrapotassium hexakis (pyrophosphate) nonahydrate (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 219-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Calcium phosphate ; calcium pyrophosphate ; calcium potassium pyrophosphate ; crystal structure ; layer-type structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal structure of Ca10K4(P2O7)6·9H2O has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystals are hexagonal, space group P63cm witha=11.761(1),c=9.770(1) Å, andZ=1. The structure was refined toR=0.028 andR w=0.037 for 468 reflections withI≥3σ(I). The structure consists of a compact assembly of Ca and P2O7 ions arranged in layers perpendicular to thec-axis in a hexagonal array with relatively large open channels along thec-axis. The K ions and the water molecules are located in these open channels and are disordered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665172
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal and molecular structure of 12α-hydroxy-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 309-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: ent-kaurenoic acid ; trimer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of the title compound has been determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The 12α-hydroxy-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid previously isolated from other sources is found for the first time in a species of theMachaeranthera genus. The unit cell contains three closely similar independent molecules organized into trimers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01796055
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A reinvestigation of the crystal structure of (4-aminobenzophenone)dichlorocuprate(II) hemiethanolate (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 315-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Hemiethanolate ; ethanol ; copper(II) chloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal structure of CuCl2L·1/2 C2H5OH has been redetermined, where L=4-aminobenzophenone. C14H14Cl2CuNO1.5,M r=354.5, monoclinic, P21/c,a=8.206(1),b=6.196(2),c=29.917 (7) Å, β=92.91°,V=1521.8(6) Å3,Z=4,D x=1.55 g cm−3, λ(MoKα)=0.71069Å, μ=17.9 cm−1,F(000)=720,T=295K. The 1984 unique reflections (20〈45°), of which 1635 had |Fo|≥3σ (Fo), refined to a finalR of 0.042 andwR=0.049 for the 3σ data set. The structure is disordered at room temperature with the ethanol molecules, present at half-occupancy, coordinating to only one half of the Cu(II) ions. The structure is comprised of two types of chains which run parallel tob. One type of chain consists of stacks of CuCl2L(C2H5OH) monomer units, which yield a 4+2 coordination geometry for each Cu atom in the chains. The second type of chains has stacks of binuclear Cu2Cl4N2 species with a 4+1 coordination exhibited by each Cu. The location and orientation of the L ligands appear to be identical in the two stacks. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding between L ligands in adjacent stacks leave space for only one ethanol molecule per two ligands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01796056
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unusual occurrence of photooxidation of a cage diol (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 295-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Cage-diol ; crystal structure ; photooxidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An unusual photooxidation was noted upon photolytic cage closure of a substituted tricyclo[6.2.1.02.7]undecane-exo, exo-diol. The resultant compound, which may be regarded as a mono-reduced pentacyclo[5.4.0.02,6.03,10.05,9]undecane-8,11-dione, was characterizedvia X-ray crystallography. This species could be reduced to the tricyclo[6.2.1.02,7]undecane-endo, exo-diol under conditions previously shown to be inert for the parent dione.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01796053
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, extended Hückel molecular orbital calculations, and X-ray diffraction structure of the pentamethylcyclopentadienylruthenium complex Cp*Ru(NO)(2,3-quinoxalinediolate) (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 283-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Plano-stool compound ; quinoxalinediol ; Hückel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The reaction between Cp*Ru(NO)Cl2 and the heterocyclic compound 2,3-quinoxalinediol in the presence of methanolic KOH leads to the formation of the new piano-stool compound Cp*Ru(NO)(2,3-quinoxalinediolate) (1). Product isolation and characterization by solution spectroscopic methods (1H and13C NMR and IR) are described. The solid-state structure of Cp*Ru(NO)(2,3-quinoxalinediolate) confirms the replacement of each chloride ligand in Cp*Ru(NO)Cl2 by an oxygen group of the 2,3-quinoxalinediol ligand. Cp*Ru(NO)(2,3-quinoxalinediolate) crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca, a=14.846(1) Å,b=12.718(1) Å,c=18.255(2) Å,V=3446.7(5) Å3,Z=8,d calc=1.643 g·cm−3;R=0.0364,R w=0.0393 for 1245 observed reflections withI〉3σ(I). The observed Ru−N−O bond angle of 156.3(7)° in the X-ray structure of1 confirms the nonlinear nature of the nitrosyl linkage. This bend in the nitrosyl moiety away from the quinoxalinediolate ligand presumably results from solid-state packing forces and does not derive from electronic interactions, on the basis of extended Hückel molecular orbital calculations. The MO properties of1 are compared with other Cp*Ru(NO)-substituted complexes previously synthesized in these laboratories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01796051
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational polymorphism in thiophenyl substituted quinones and the disappearing NMR spectrum (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 339-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Thiophenylquinones ; polymorphism ; conformers ; molecular mechanics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The stepwise addition of thiophenol to benzoquinone gives thiophenylbenzoquinone (1b), 2,5-and 2,6-di-(thiophenyl)benzoquinone (2,3),2,3,6-tri(thiophenyl)benzoquinone (4) and 2,3,5,6-tetra(thiophenyl)benzoquinone. (5). Compounds1–4 can be crystallized, and the13C NMR spectra are readily interpreted. Compound5 could not be crystallized easily, and the NMR showed more than twice as many lines as the number of carbon atoms. Slow evaporation in an NMR tube produced three distinct crystals. X-ray analysis of two crystals (5a and5c) showed the compounds to be conformational polymorphs. Direct synthesis of5 from tetrachlorobenzoquinone and thiophenol yielded only conformer5a, and the13C NMR spectrum showed only the 6 lines expected for four equivalent phenyl substituents on benzoquinone. Subjecting5a to a variety of solvents, reagents and temperatures did not regenerate the original13C NMR spectrum. The crystal structures, conformations, and polymorphs are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01796060
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray crystal structure of the 1∶2 triethyleneglycol dimethyl ether (triglyme): Dichloropicric acid adduct (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 351-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Triglyme ; dichloropicric acid ; linear polyether ; hydrogen bond ; co-crystal ; adduct
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The anhydrous 1∶2 triglyme:Dichloropicric acid adduct is triclinic, space group $$P\bar 1$$ ; at 24°Ca=8.703(5),b=10.381(4), c=10.404(3) Å, α=114.42(3), β=99.69(5), γ=106.40(6)°,D x=1.656 g cm−3, V = 776(2)Å3,Z=1. Bond lengths and angles are normal except that one C−C−O−C torsion angle in the triglyme is approximately 90° rather than the expected 60 or 180°. Each phenolic OH group hydrogen bonds with a terminal OCH3 of the polyether. The O...O distance, 2.557(3) Å, is in fair agreement with the 2.52 Å estimated from the single observed IRv (OH) stretch at 1714 cm−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01796061
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal and molecular structure of 6,7-benzo-3,4 (1,4-dimethoxy-2,3-naphtho)-1,5-dioxosuberane (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 379-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Benzonaphthodioxosuberane ; crystal structure ; radermachol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of the title compound (2) C21H16O4 has been determined by an X-ray analysis, by direct methods from diffractometer data and refined by full-matrix least squares. The compound (2) crystallizes in the space group P21/a, with cell parameters:a=36.432(5),b=5.512(3),c=8.269(5) Å, β=108.0(3)°,z=4,D c =1.397 g/cm−3,R=7.8 for 1136 observed reflections. The conformation of the tetracyclic ring system shows a folding of two planar parts of the carbon skeleton about an axis passing thorough C8 and C16 of the seven membered ring C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665273
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of an intermediate in the synthesis of artemisinin (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 413-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Artemisinin ; isopulegol ; x-ray diffraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract C14H22O3,M r =238.33, P212121,Z=4,a=6.892(2),b=11.453(1),c=17.159(5) Å. [1R−[1α(R*), 4β, 4aβ, 8aβ]]−α,4-Dimethyl-decahydro-7-oxo-1-naphtaleneacetic acid. The cyclohexane ring adopts a chair conformation and thecis-fused cyclohexanone ring is in a slightly distorted chair conformation. The molecular packing involves an hydrogen bond and C−H...O contacts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665279
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of the pinacol formed via sodium-promoted reductive dimerization of 12-methyleneheptacyclo-[6.6.02,6.03,13.04,11.05,9.010,14]tetradecan-7-one (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 417-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Crystal structure ; pinacol ; reductive dimerization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The pinacol resulting from sodium promoted reductive coupling of a methyleneheptacyclo-[6.6.02,6.03,13.04,11.05,9.010,14]tetradecanone possesses a conformation in which equivalent groups on the pinacol carbon are virtually perpendicular to each other. This rotation minimizes steric interactions, thus the geometries of all the fragments in the molecule are within expected values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665280
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal and molecular structure of dihydro-8b,8c-diphenyl-1H,3H,4H,5H,7H,8H,-2,6-dioxa-3a,4a,7a,8a-tetraazacyclopenta[def]fluorene-4,8-dithione (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 421-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Crystal and molecular structure ; selective complexation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound C20H18N4O2S2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n witha=8.4930(1) Å,b=11.4880(1) Å,c=20.0709(2) Å, β=94.933(1)°,V=1951.01(3) Å3,Z=4. The crystal structure has been solved by vector search methods and refined by fullmatrix least-squares toR=0.04 for 2888 reflections and 116 restraints. The title compound has a suitable geometry for synthesizing receptor molecules with a cleft for selective complexation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665281
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Index abstracts (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 439-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665698
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and molecular properties of (1)-Centbutindole. Comparison with Haloperidol (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 443-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: X-ray crystal structure ; Centbutindole ; neuroleptic ; conformational analysis ; Haloperidol ; molecular properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structure and conformation of (1)-Centbutindole, a newly marketed neuroleptic compound, has been investigated by X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system and the non-centrosymmetric space group P21 (Z=2) with cell dimensionsa=8.434(6),b=6.620(3),c=18.419(9)Å, and β=95.07(6)°. The chain conformation istrans extended. The embedded Δ3 piperidine ring exists in ahalf-chair conformation whereas the embedded piperazine ring exists in achair conformation. The propylene side chain is equatorial relative to the piperazine. A systematic conformational analysis of centbutindole and of a related molecule, Haloperidol, followed by a Monte Carlo search and a stochastic dynamics simulation, have been performed. Electronic and lipophilic properties have been computed and, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps and molecular lipophilicity potential (MLP) maps, have been displayed for two selected conformers satisfying a reported pharmacophore. The two molecules exhibit very similar molecular properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665699
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal and molecular structure of potassium 2-amino-6-sulfinato-purine monohydrate (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 459-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: X-ray diffraction studies ; 6-thioguanine ; potassium salt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of the title compound, K[C5H4N5O2S]H2O, has been determined at room temperature. The structure determination reveals that the negative charge on the anion is localised on the sulfinate group which results in significant rearrangement of π-electron density within the purine ring. The K+ cation exists in a N3O4 donor set which defines a distorted trigonal prismatic geometry. Crystals of K[C5H4N5O2S]H2O are triclinic with space group $$P\bar 1$$ and unit cell dimensionsa=8.248(2),b=8.710(2),c=6.988(6) Å, α=99.87(4), β=102.84(5), and γ=78.35(2)°,Z=2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01665701
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structures and hydrogen bond analysis of three arenesulfonate salts ofl-alanine, glycine, andl-serine (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 555-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Amino acid ; sulfonate ; crystal growth ; hydrogen bond ; graph set notation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Single crystal X-ray structures are presented for three amino acid arenesulfonate salts:l-alanine 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonate hydrate (1), 2∶1 glycine 1,5-naphthalene-disulfonate dihydrate (2), andl-serine 4-hydroxybenzenesulfonate (3). Hydrogen bond patterns of each salt are analyzed systematically by using hydrogen bond graph set notation. First-, second-, and selected third-level graph set motifs of the three salts are presented and discussed. Hydrogen-bonded diad, chain, ring, ribbon, and two-dimensional sheet patterns are identified in these structures. Even though the three salts contain apparently similar types of hydrogen-bonding interactions, their graph sets are quite different.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01667024
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The crystal structure of 2-amino-5,5′-bis(β-cyanoethyl)-1,2-pyrrolenineN-oxide monohydrate (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 25 (1995), S. 569-571 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: PyrrolenineN-oxide ; hydrogen bonding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract 2-Amino-5,5′-di(β-cyanoethyl)-1,2-pyrrolenineN-oxide monohydrate, C10H14N4O·H2O, crystallizes from MeCN in space group P212121 witha=7.0007(5),b=8.2998(6),c=20.8418(13) Å,V=1211.0(2) Å3,Z=4. The structure was refined toR=0.034 andR w=0.044 for 2325 observed reflections. The pyrrolenine ring adopts a nearly planar conformation, with maximum deviation from planarity 0.089(2) Å. The N−O distance is 1.345(2) Å. The water molecule bridges two pyrrolenine molecules via hydrogen bonds to theirN-oxide oxygen atoms, and also accepts a hydrogen bond from the NH2 group of another pyrrolenine molecule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01667025
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...