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  • Emerald  (4,814)
  • 1995-1999  (4,814)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1950-1954
  • 1996  (2,548)
  • 1995  (2,266)
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  • 1995-1999  (4,814)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1950-1954
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 33-40 
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses the profile of a learning organization as described bySenge. Describes the current organizational status of Brooksby College,Leicestershire, UK, in relation to a college-devised quality assuranceprogramme (QAP). Then applies the results of this research to Senge'sprofile of a learning organization to show that Brooksby College has theattributes, and means, of becoming a learning organization. Furthershows that the vehicle for this development is the QAP.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 48-59 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Undertakes a comparative analysis of the evolution and development of own branding strategies in UK and French grocery markets. Primary research was carried out through semi-structured interviews with senior managers of French grocery companies to determine the nature of their own branding strategies and to draw out comparisons with the strategies of their UK counterparts. Results indicate that it is unlikely that French retailers will develop store brands on the scale of Sainsbury's, Tesco, Marks & Spencer and Safeway in the UK. The organizational structure of French grocery business is less conducive to centralized buying and distribution, and conflict between manufacturers and distributors has led to a less efficient supply chain than in the UK. These factors, coupled with a highly competitive price-driven market environment, have resulted in most French retailers using own brands as a defensive strategy to combat strong national brands. The exceptions are companies which are well represented in the high street (Monoprix, Casino and Prisunic) and Carrefour, the only hypermarket operator which has ventured down the route of the UK multiples with a more value-added, differentiation approach.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 15-22 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes a networked virtual environment, a type of virtualreality most commonly known as a "MUD" or a"MOO", which was used at an internationally-attendedscientific conference held on the Internet. Interviews with conferenceattendees indicated enthusiasm for the effectiveness of the medium, andrevealed how the virtual environment can be modified to improveconferencing efficacy. Such alterations included: novel input-outputcontrol management; automation of conference registration; control ofanonymous or guest connections; simplification of conference centertopography; an improved methodology for recording discussion sessions;use of moderated rooms to compensate for network lag; and providingbuffers to update late arriving participants. Concludes that networkedvirtual environments provide an inexpensive means for effectiveinternational conferencing on the Internet.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 32-36 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Provides a guide to the increasing number of zoos and associatedsites now using the Internet. Investigates the multiple roles of theInternet for zoos, their staff and visitors, in helping them tocommunicate science and provide a cultural service to the public, inaddition to serving as a means of marketing and publicity.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 3-9 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses electronic peer review of academic papers on the Internet. Looks at the changes which may occur with the shift from paper to electronic media. Proposes some guidelines for authors, editors and reviewers using electronic publishing.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 10-16 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Outlines the principle of the Dutch auction, whereby the price begins at a high level and decreases by steps until a bid is made. Describes an integrated hardware and software system which uses Internet communications to enable remotely created bidders to participate in real-time Dutch auctions and which meets the stringent requirement that synchrony be maintained among bidders' terminals to ensure that each bidder has a fair chance to bid at the current offer price. Defines the principal functions of the system and characterizes its available resources. Illustrates implementation using a prototype design. Pays particular attention to bidder terminal synchronization, bidder authentication, and auction client security. Includes the possibility of a system variant using ISDN interconnect and PC-based bidders' terminals.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 31-41 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: As the set of people using computers becomes larger and less cohesive, it is becoming important to educate users about their ethical responsibilities. Design of an effective campus computer ethics policy requires awareness of numerous cultural, technical and legal issues. Especially important are the cultural splits between power users and utilitarian users, and between "old world" and "new world" philosophies of computer ethics. Discusses those issues and presents the University of Georgia's ethics policy as a model to aid those developing similar policies at other institutions.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 17-30 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Provides a new answer to the resource discovery problem, which arises because although the Internet makes it possible for users to retrieve enormous amounts of information, it provides insufficient support for locating the specific information that is needed. ALIBI (Adaptive Location of Internetworked Bases of Information) is a new tool that succeeds in locating information without the use of centralized resource catalogs, navigation, or costly searching. Its powerful query-based interface eliminates the need for the user to connect to one network site after another to find information or to wrestle with overloaded centralized catalogs and archives. This functionality was made possible by an assortment of significant new algorithms and techniques, including classification-based query routing, fully distributed cooperative caching, and a query language that combines the practicality of Boolean logic with the expressive power of text retrieval. The resulting information system is capable of providing fully automatic resource discovery and retrieval access to a limitless variety of information bases.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 5-9 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Today, information technology is fundamental to the operation of most businesses, whether they are small companies or multinational corporations. In recent times, the implementation of local and wide area networks and the installation of computing equipment in office areas has brought information technology to nearly every working environment. The result is an increasing dependence on the availability, integrity and confidentiality of information stored and processed by these systems. As the trend shifts from "fortress" style central computer facilities to distributed systems located in generally less secure office environments, the risk of disruption increases, owing to lack of physical security, support services limitations and absence of site monitoring. The net result is higher business impact coupled with greater exposure. Identifies the elements that are at risk, discusses the issues businesses face when seeking to minimize exposures, suggests some practical solutions and describes some selected events that illustrate the hazards associated with having inadequate protection.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 79-80 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the problems created by shortfalls in the performance of certain information highway services, Asyncrous Transfer Mode, and in the behavior of users. Describes individual attempts which are being made to iron out these problems, in effect introducing a system of "policing" the network.
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 71-78 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Refers to the growing popularity of "Fidonet" in Africa and compares it with the Internet. Acknowledges that developing countries may miss the information revolution because they lack national information infrastructures and the knowledge and skills required to provide the relevant content for them. Argues that global information should promote human development in areas such as education, health, social services and commercial activity. The Conference of African Ministers recently declared support for the building of Africa's information highway, recognizing the need for African countries to develop information networks for full Internet connectivity, enabling access to the same information systems for Africa's economic recovery and sustainable development.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 92-96 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Internet is increasingly used by management professionals to support information gathering and research activities. However, the different sources of information on the Internet (i.e. electronic journals, online databases, messages posted to groups of readers, and e-mail) must be carefully utilized by the prudent manager. In particular, examines three issues surrounding the use and citation of information received via the Internet. The first issue addresses problems surrounding the accuracy and recency of information obtained on the Internet. The second issue focusses on properly categorizing the type of information received. The last issue examines how to reference properly information obtained from the Internet that is used in academic and industrial research. Concludes with a section on ethical issues related to electronic media.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 81-91 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines the challenges that shopping and other commercial transactions on the Internet pose for the retail industry. An increasing number of shopping malls, selling an ever-widening selection of products, are becoming available on the Internet. There are, however, still a number of challenges facing the Internet retailer and shopper. These include: locating the shops, comparison shopping, security, especially in relation to financial transactions, the customer base and profile, the nature of the shopping experience, and legal and marketplace control or lack of them. It is possible to make money on the Internet without selling, but by using the Internet to support other business processes. Currently, many retailers are exploring the potential of the Internet, but the market is still in its infancy. Retailers do, however, report increasing sales and a positive contribution to marketing from visibility on the Internet.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 10-21 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Electronic publishing needs a strong input of marketing thinking. Technological hype has created a sales fetish which has little evidence to support its claims. The substantive benefits when a broader perspective is taken for authors and readers are very significant, including considerably faster publication and much wider dissemination via Internet. Archival knowledge and current awareness/browsing of the body of knowledge and information require quite different marketing approaches. Little attention has been given to their discrete needs. Draws comparisons from retailing theory and from the emerging range of experimental cases from Internet pioneers to identify robust strategies for short- and medium-term action by publishers. They imply a determined effort to avoid hard selling and product-driven mindsets in favor of exploitation of the scope for interactive and integrated marketing to authors and readers alike.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 22-28 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Proposes the "cyberpunk librarian" as an identity for the librarian able to operate in the emerging cyberspace. Describes the properties and culture of this electronic frontier. Reviews a broad range of literature to identify future directions for libraries and librarians who will have to seek a response to the major social impact of technology-driven change. Argues that librarians are presented with an opportunity to reaffirm and assert their professional values and beliefs. They can help to shape a vision of cyberspace that provides benefits to society and individuals based on a fair and equitable distribution of information resources.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 29-30 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Briefly assesses the growth and impact of the Internet, which provides an opportunity for all businesses to use it as a cheap source of communication for more focussed strategic advantage. Outlines some of its benefits and disadvantages if it is used in this way.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 31-32 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Outlines the reasons for the formation of an Internet-based bank in 1995. States that financial services providers must take any opportunity to provide easier customer access.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 44-47 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Defines intellectual property rights and infringement. Looks at the current relevant legislation; assesses the extent to which right owners can seek redress, and prevent adaptation of a work, making of transient or incidental copies and the storing of works in any medium by electronic means. Discusses how the inherent territoriality of law and remedy relates to the online world.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 33-43 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses some of the problems designers face in building catalogs in large networks and relates them back to the resource discovery problem. Currently many catalogs tend to be built in an ad hoc fashion - which leads to a great variety in the quality of publicly accessible network catalogs. Furthermore, the research surrounding these catalogs tends to focus on narrow technical issues - resulting in difficult-to-use catalogs. Addresses this problem by providing a usability framework based on the library science and human computer interaction literature, and demonstrates some of those principles via an example of a prototype. Results are interesting to resource discovery tool developers in that a framework for understanding the general resource discovery problem is provided and some techniques for dealing with those problems are presented.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 48-63 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Reviews the growth of TayNet, a local service provider which was established to support the development of businesses in Tayside by providing local access to the Internet. Describes the computer, communication and software components of the TayNet Point of Presence along with the technical and end-user evaluation of the pilot phase. Provides sample performance figures along with connection statistics for 45 active participants during an audit week. Describes technical problems experienced and end-user requested features and end-user perceptions and opinions of TayNet and the Internet.
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 64-70 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Explains how the NASA Technical Report Server, a World Wide Web report distribution NASA technical publications service, has been modified for performance enhancement, greater protocol support and human interface optimization. Results include: parallel database queries, significantly decreasing user access times by an average factor of 2.3; access from clients behind firewalls and/or proxies which truncate excessively long Uniform Resource Locators; access to non-Wide Area Information Server (WAIS) databases and compatibility with the Z39-50.3 protocol; and a streamlined user interface.
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  • 22
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 90-92 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Looks at the possible directions in which the information superhighway could take us, considering both the benefits of increased knowledge and subsequent increased participation and also the dangers such as the excess of raw information. Suggests that this information needs to be structured and packaged if it is to have a positive effect. Considers these points in a global sense in terms of humanity as a whole.
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 5-18 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Suggests that the discussion of online payments, while ultimately being a key issue for the future Information SuperHighway, is as significant now as it ever will be. The explosive increase in the use of the Internet has seen the emergence of commercial services and pressures previously restricted to Compuserve and the like. Many predictions see this burgeoning electronic marketplace becoming a significant component of the world economy. However, this can only happen once two key problems have been addressed, namely, protecting property rights, and making payments. This has led to a frantic battle for payment mechanisms that can provide the new medium with the means of conducting transactions. Identifies the key commercial requirements that successful use of the Internet will impose on a payment mechanism. Identifies the different types of mechanisms that are proposed, on trial or in use on the Internet. Evaluates each of these mechanisms against the requirements to determine which (if any) are really suitable for electronic commerce.
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 85-89 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: An estimated 30 million people make use of the Internet not only for electronic mail (e-mail), but also to peruse databases, view photographs and videos and find travel information and weather reports. Innovative data systems managers can offer business solutions by integrating the capabilities of the Internet into their business environment. The Internet offers vast communication resources to enhance product development and system support. Offers an introduction to the communication resources of the Internet and provides several specific examples of business solutions in the areas of e-mail communications, business applications software support, system design and databases. An awareness of these global solutions by today's managers may stimulate an increased appreciation of the power of electronic communications and an encouragement of co-operative work, using electronic media.
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 19-23 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Explains that an on-line ISO 9001-based management system has been developed using the World Wide Web (WWW), a hypermedia system and part of the Internet. Subject matter is presented as an alphabetical list of linked encyclopedia-style entries. Numerous navigational techniques are available, and the system allows the user several different routes to particular information. ISO 9001 and Tickit cross-references are incorporated, together with linked process diagrams, a topic-based change log and electronic forms. The level of detail presented on screen may be controlled by users.
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 24-30 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Suggests that with the increasing sophistication and complexity of Web sites, and the prospect of serious business being done through them, a review of the legal aspects of the site should be an integral part of the site design process. Discusses different ways of setting up a Web site, some of the legal consequences that attach to each and some ways of managing the risk of liability.
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 31-40 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: By the year 2000 over a billion people will be connected to the electronic network commonly known as the Internet. Already the Internet can easily be accessed by anyone who has a reasonably configured PC with Netscape Mosaic software and a modem. This network constitutes a whole new marketplace in its own right. Already thousands of firms are marketing their products and services on the Internet. Asks will marketing change in this new electronic environment? Will firms and their networks change as they become involved in this new environment? Suggests there is some evidence that the traditional manipulation of the marketing mix has to be modified for the new environment, value chains may become multidimensional and significant disintermediation may occur as customers link directly electronically with their suppliers. Discusses these issues emphasizing transformation of firms and their networks as they move into the new electronic environment.
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 41-63 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Investigates whether faculty who use computer mediated communication (CMC) achieve greater scholarly productivity as measured by publications and a higher incidence in the following prestige factors: receipt of awards; service on a regional or national committee of a professional organization; service on an editorial board of a refereed journal; service as a principal investigator on an externally funded project; or performance of other research on an externally funded project. Also investigates whether faculty who use CMC at less research-oriented institutions realize disproportional benefit from their use of CMC. Data were collected in Fall 1994. A positive relationship was found between the frequency of use of CMC and publications, including coauthored publications. CMC users also had a higher incidence of prestige factors. In addition to statistically significant relationships between CMC use and productivity measures, faculty judged CMC to be of some utility to their productivity. Nevertheless, there did not appear to be a "democratizing effect" which would yield disproportionate benefit to those from less research-oriented institutions.
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 64-74 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Explains that a corporate Web application is a corporate information system that uses World Wide Web technology to provide easy access to a wide variety of corporate information resources for internal and external users on a wide variety of platforms in geographically distributed locations. Corporate Web applications go beyond corporate web pages in that they serve a specific set of business objectives beyond providing a presence on the World Wide Web. As with all types of information systems, there are two approaches to Web application development: top-down and evolutionary. Evolutionary development is exploratory and appropriate for learning about the technology and the application domain. However, evolutionary development leads to complex applications that are difficult to use and difficult to maintain. Top-down development organizes the complexity of these applications and produces applications that can: meet business objectives; be developed by a programming team; and be maintained by people other than the developers. Provides a methodology for top-down development of corporate Web applications.
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 75-78 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Points out that there is a growing trend to delivering more efficient and more effective products and services with fewer and fewer resources. This trend is reflected in both the commercial and government sectors. The Internet is being viewed as the vehicle that could resolve many of these business delivery challenges. With the advent of public key security and certification, the transition from current business delivery to future Internet-based systems is now possible. Deals with how public key cryptography may be used for business applications in the future, and also considers the theoretical applications of public key technology and certification processes. Examples of current technical solutions will be addressed in a future paper.
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 79-81 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Suggests that one reason for the relative lack of commercial success of the information superhighway may be lack of precise information. This has led Ernst & Young to provide a thorough appraisal of the benefits and associated risks. Summarizes the concepts managers need to understand in order to assess the impact of the information superhighway. Outlines some steps managers can take in order to ensure that their organizations are prepared for future changes.
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 82-84 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes how one company, National Semiconductor Corp., has take a major step forward maximizing the potential of the Internet for its own benefit. Explains how the company began by studying and identifying its customer base. They then developed a means of using the Web to identify the information their customers required, and supplying it. Outlines the advantages of this method of disseminating information over traditional methods.
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 63-66 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the problems and triumphs encountered while setting up Marcel, a prototype electronic document delivery system being tested at the University of Northern Colorado, USA; and the progression from sending MIME messages to each other, and then to individual patrons. Touches briefly on software and hardware requirements and availability. Finally, looks at this pilot project's future potential.
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  • 34
    Electronic Resource
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 5-12 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The schools of information studies of today place training for work in distributed computing environments at the core of the curriculum. However, this was not the case ten years ago. Looks, therefore, at the current role of traditionally trained librarians. Focusses on the experience of the University of Michigan Library's Documents Center, and how the collection development principles learned for selection of traditional library media apply today to selecting Internet materials.
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  • 35
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 67-76 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Image processing technologies are offering considerable potential for library and information units to extend their databases by the inclusion of images such as photographs, paintings, monograph title-pages and maps. Discusses problems and potential solutions in a structured fashion based on categories of thesauri (text and visual), hybrids, description language and automatic content analysis, with state-of-the-art examples.
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  • 36
    Electronic Resource
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 23-28 
    ISSN: 0968-4875
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Outlines the benefits to the organization of enhancing customerservice with the support of human resources specialists, who can play animportant role in developing and reinforcing a customer service ethic.Increasingly, human resource specialists take on the role of internalconsultants who provide guidance and facilitate the design andimplementation of a customer services programme. Illustrates this with acase study of the Birmingham Midshires Building Society, where the HRfunction has played a major role in re-creating the society as acustomer focused business.
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    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 9-13 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Seeks to examine the important role commitment plays inimplementing TQM and the interrelationship between that commitment andthe role of training. In particular, considers the necessity ofmaintaining the energy and drive for quality within the system. Developsa model which is analogous to the energy within a chemical process. Theexisting status quo is altered through the influence of commitment totraining, communications, systems, and teams. These affect theorganizational culture which then reinforces further changes anddevelopments.
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    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 34-37 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: There are now many tools to assist in developing increased overallquality and supporting total quality management. These management toolsare now recognized as valuable - often essential. Other toolswhich are now being integrated include quality function deployment(QFD), Hoshin Planning, and design of experiments (DOE). The key toproduct improvement and customer satisfaction lies in problem solvingwith facts. These management tools are essential to support these goals.
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    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 8-12 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Explores the prevailing system of management in the West, which hasdiscouraged individual initiative. The results are decreased innovationand a reduction in applied technology. To restore motivation, innovationand joy in work and learning, a transformation of management isessential. This transformation requires application of a system ofprofound knowledge and an understanding of processes and statistics.Areas of understanding include: system optimization, blendingstatistical analysis with human empowerment, and the practical use oftheoretical knowledge. Additionally, transformation requires thatmanagement must comprehend human behaviour, cultural forces,motivational techniques and the process of change. The transformation isbased on the theory of Dr W. Edwards Deming.
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    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 5-8 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Raises the question why society relies on ranking and grading fromthe first day of school, through the educational system, into theworking environment. Goes on to discuss the effects of extrinsic forceson intrinsic attributes and describes and assesses the concerns/views oftheorists such as Deming, Latzko and Bramham. Ranking affects us allthroughout the whole western world. Indeed it is pervasive throughoutthe world. Ranking is a fundamental cornerstone of the present educationsystem and is being further developed within organizations by means suchas performance appraisal, target setting, merit system, etc. Suggeststhat ranking should be replaced by co-operation and that recognition ofthe need to change is required. This may require government legislation.It also has to be encouraged by those who develop education and trainingpolicies.
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    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 19-24 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Workplaces in Japan are well-known for their cleanliness andorderliness. This results from the Japanese emphasis on training anddiscipline. The logic behind the 5-S practice is that organization,neatness, cleanliness, standardization and discipline at the workplaceare basic requirements for producing high quality products and services,with little or no waste, while maintaining high levels of productivity.Outlines results of an intensive questionnaire survey on about 3,000companies in the UK and 200 leading companies in Japan with a responserate of about 12 per cent. Aims to determine whether the Japanese 5-Spractice has a significant contribution to the successful total qualitymanagement (TQM) implementation. The main finding from the 205manufacturing and 106 services firms in the UK as well as 16 leadingcompanies from Japan is that the 5-S provides an essential total qualityenvironment which is an important base for implementing TQMsuccessfully. Inevitably, TQM training policy should incorporate the 5-Spractice guidelines.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 20-26 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Defining "quality" can be confusing. There are numerous possible interpretations, especially in the service sector. Despite this, quality is seen as a major factor in customer acquisition and retention. Describes a model of service quality based around operational issues, directly relevant to issues of staff skills and training; and based on three dimensions of outcome/process, hard/soft and objective/subjective, giving a total of eight service types. Developed from survey data and in-depth interviews with staff and customers carried out within retail banking, it is suggested that the operations orientation makes it universally acceptable. Concludes that the benefits to the organization from a correct match between staff skills and customer expectations include a higher and more consistent perceived quality by customers, and, very probably, a greater level of job satisfaction among staff.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 40-42 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reports on PT Caltex Pacific Indonesia's journey towards total quality management; a journey which began in 1985. Details the various steps the company has taken and reports briefly on some of the results of this major programme. Notes factors which the company believes have contributed towards the success of the programme and outlines some future goals for the company on this continuing journey.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 40-43 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses an investigation currently being undertaken into the implementation of total quality management in the engineering directorate of Anglian Water Services Ltd. Identifies the need to measure the effectiveness of the execution of total quality in the company and feed back any recommended changes to enable improvements to be put into effect. A holistic approach to the measurement of the effectiveness of TQM is required not only to investigate and measure the "harder issues" such as structure, strategy and systems of an organization, but also the "softer issues" such as values, beliefs and behaviours (the effects of instigating the harder issues).
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 32-34 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Suggests that auditing has been viewed by its recipients throughout history as a negative process. This perception results from how the audit is conducted, who conducts the audit, and the findings of the audit. Proposes to outline the role of internal auditing in transforming an organization into a more preventive and proactive organization. Addresses auditing from a prevention focus and puts forward a positive approach to auditing that maximizes its role in process improvement. Concludes with a summary of several key points to be addressed in generating this transformation,
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 6-11 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses Shewhart's control charts and how they have been confined traditionally to the shopfloor in manufacturing industry. Contends that now practitioners are leading a growing interest in the charts' wider application in areas such as sales, marketing, customer service, and inventory management. Shewhart discovered that variation in a process can result either from common causes (part of the process) or special causes (not part of the process). Shewhart's charts enable us to learn about processes and improve them with the aid of his plan-do-study-act continuous improvement cycle. Research conducted in Japan showed that companies which won the Deming Prize consistently outperformed the averages in financial measures for the industry.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 25-31 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Contends that Deming's philosophy for management is imperfectly understood. Unlike just a few years ago, very many people have now heard of W. Edwards Deming, and know something of his philosophy for management. But "something" is, in most cases, far too little. His work is sometimes dismissed as "just statistics" or even as no more than statistical process control. Another common false impression is that his philosophy is "summarized by the 14 Points". And one of the few things to continue to irritate him until his death in December 1993 was any attempt to connect him with "TQM"! Agrees that all such diminutions trivialize his legacy to us. His work was not only much larger than any of these imply: it was genuinely of a higher dimension. He said of the two books by his great mentor, Walter Shewhart, that a "century will pass before people in industry and in science begin to appreciate the contents of these great works". The ominous truth is that the same could well be true of Deming's own two great books on management. Fears that we cannot afford to wait that long.
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 27-32 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Librarians can provide leadership in the era of networked information retrieval by developing subject-specific guides to Internet resources. The traditional skills of librarianship, which include the identification, selection, evaluation, description and organization of information resources, are proving to be highly valuable in the Internet environment. A collection of these topical guides is currently accessible through the Clearinghouse for Subject-oriented Internet Resource Guides. The success of this clearinghouse demonstrates the demand for value-added collections of Internet information. Provides step-by-step instructions for selecting a topic, conducting online research and building a useful subject-specific guide.
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 37-41 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes the origin, development and evolution of Nebrask@ Online, a computer-based electronic information and communication service, created by the Nebraska Library Commission. The 1991 Nebraska Information Partnerships Conference led to new alliances involving the Library Commission and the creation of this online service. Describes experiences in operating an online service and options considered for network development. A public/ private partnership emerged as the model for network management services for access to Nebraska state government information.
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    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 9-13 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A simple model for quality has been developed. Provides a frameworkfor both analysis and education on quality issues, and focuses on themain features of total quality management of communication, commitment,customer focus and continuous improvement.
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    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 36-40 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The aim of cultivating closer links between education and businesshas become the accepted wisdom and practice in the UK over more than thepast decade. With delayering resulting in flat organizations, one way toretain the interest and motivation of staff is through encouraging linkswith the world of education, which is seen as having training value tocompany employees, pupils and education institute staff. The advantagesof such education-business partnerships are seen to be mutual, and mostlarge and many smaller companies are now entering into them. Indeed, oneinitiative by a larger company seeks to encourage smaller companies tobecome involved. It is becoming increasingly common for some evaluationto be undertaken of the effectiveness of such arrangements, butgenerally on a one-to-one basis. What is presented here is anindependent evaluation of one large company's partnership from theperspective of the education side of the equation. Many insights areprovided of the strengths and potential weaknesses of such arrangements,with suggestions made as to how improvements may be achieved.
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    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 20-24 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A method for the regulation, assessment, follow-up and continuousimprovement of care in long-term care institutions - the RAFmethod - was developed by a team of researchers at theJCD-Brookdale Institute. It was tested in a five-year experimentalprogramme, implemented in the surveillance systems operated by theMinistry of Labor and Social Affairs and the Ministry of Health. Theprogramme, which introduced major changes into the surveyors' workpractices, included workshops for the surveyors and collaborationbetween surveyors and researchers to solve problems which arose duringthe development phase of the programme. Based on the experimentalprogramme's success in identifying and correcting deficiencies in thecare of residents in long-term care institutions, the RAF method wasimplemented in Government regulatory systems on a regular basis,nationwide, beginning in 1993.
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    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 4-7 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines the concepts that underlie the discipline of industrialengineering (IE). Then draws parallels between the concepts of totalquality management (TQM) and those of IE. Suggests that TQM and IE arenot too dissimilar in their approach to the general problem ofindustrial efficiency and points out that this type of comparison canhelp in guiding applications and in the general understanding of bothdisciplines. Concludes with a brief discussion of IE and TQM educationin Hong Kong.
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    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 9-14 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Explores the role of the facilitator in the implementation of atotal quality management or continuous improvement process. Manyorganizations, having planned their goals for the future, havedifficulty in understanding the process of reaching them. The role ofthe facilitator in helping determine how to achieve these goals andbring about the changes necessary to do so is described by one of thecountry's leading business improvement consultancies. The development ofthe world-class company is explained in three stages: survival;prevention; and continuous improvement. Gives guidelines on: theselection of facilitators; their commitment to the role; training andskills development; how the role develops through time; and thechallenges to be faced.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 7-11 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses the characteristics of an empowered organization and what has led to the increasing popularity of empowerment. Asks whether it is simply empty management rhetoric or a practical tool for change. Describes the benefits to the customer from this approach and what empowerment means to the employee. Concludes that to be successful, empowerment needs to take place in a supportive framework, with management buy-in at all levels and help being given to managers so they become coaches and facilitators. Also training alone is not sufficient but may need other tools, such as team building, creating one right culture and reward and recognition programmes.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 27-31 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Demonstrates the training value of a new computer-aided learning package, SQCC_ATT. Control charts are used extensively in quality management, and computer simulation provides a valuable facility for generating charts under a variety of different working assumptions. Warns about the potential for misuse of control charts by untrained and inexperienced staff. Concludes that specialist simulation games are likely to play an increasingly important role in training in management control techniques.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 14-18 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses training, development and quality cultures in organizations. Contends that deskilling the workforce in order to improve efficiency and productivity is at odds with creating a quality culture. Explains why a quality culture is important and how one may be achieved.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 30-33 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: How do we measure leadership? How do we measure success? Does the real measure of success escape analysis? According to John Wooden, team success is dependent on the individual success of each team member. Conversely, each team member's success is dependent on the success of the whole. Presents Wooden's definition of individual success as the "peace of mind which is the direct result of self-satisfaction in knowing you did your best to become the best you are capable of becoming". John Wooden devoted his life's work to explaining how to coach people to achieve that peace of mind, that success. His methods produced winning teams for decades. His formula for coaching provides a classic model for today's business leader by showing how to build a winning business team, one that will endure through the continual uncertainty of today's business environment. Explores the essential building blocks of coaching in Wooden's style of leadership, and how they can be applied to the business environment.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 11-15 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Claims that every successful corporate culture has to have a unifying factor which makes the company distinctive. Looks at American Express, which, it suggests, has a central culture of focusing on the customer. Examines how American Express places its focus on the customer and the benefits of doing so. Concludes that by empowering its employees and encouraging them, a firm will not have trouble in developing good employee relations.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 35-39 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Argues that a full display of creativity is indispensable, not only for developing new products and technology, but also for managing any business for future development, if it is to result in market growth and profitability. Work standardization, on the other hand, is stressed in the ISO 9000 Series Standards to raise work efficiency and to ensure product quality. Although both elements of creativity and standardization are considered indispensable for corporate management, they are thought to be mutually exclusive, because the remaining space for creative work is reduced along with the progress of work standardization. Demonstrates, on the contrary, that they are complementary.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 16-24 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Believes that an urgent need for in-depth understanding of the relationship of staff development to education quality exists in current educational reforms, policy making, and teacher education. Based on the existing knowledge of education quality, quality management and effective schools, aims to propose a framework to show how staff development can be designed and managed to contribute to the assurance and enhancement of school education quality from the perspective of seven multimodels of school education quality. Different models emphasize different aspects of school education quality and propose different strategies to enhance it. For ensuring long-term school education quality in a changing educational environment, staff development can be organized and managed according to the major concerns of multimodels. Proposes some practical considerations for designing and implementing school-based staff development.
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    Training for quality 3 (1995), S. 25-34 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines the benefits of education and training. Shows that only avery low percentage of graduates or people with higher educationqualifications are unemployed. Suggests that we should become a learningsociety in order to become internationally competitive. Concludes thatachieving national targets for education and training is essential toour national prosperity and competitiveness.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 18-19 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Considers the Investors in People programme and the quality standard ISO 9002 and suggests that many companies approach these standards in an exclusive manner, seeking accreditation to one or the other; few companies consider the merits of concurrently running accreditation programmes to both. Discusses the advantages to be gained from both and gives advice on implementing programmes which will conform to the standards' requirements. Concludes that combination of the two standards leads to a company gaining the best of both worlds; by developing individuals within the operation so that they may contribute fully to the success of the business, and by setting the appropriate standards to follow, in order to provide the customer with a consistently high quality product.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 5-13 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reports on the production of integrated circuits - a cyclical process consisting of a large number of operations, the results of which are measured, where possible - in a large, Dutch IC factory. The measurements are analysed by the process and equipment engineers using DATA, a statistical analysis system. This process analysis is intended for the analysis of process problems and for monitoring and optimizing the production process. The automation section, which is responsible for DATA, had stated that DATA was not being used optimally and that too few of the engineers were using it. The management had the impression that DATA should be more intensively used in order to meet the ever-increasing requirements which the clients put on process control. Seeks to determine the causes of the problem, how the problem could be classified, and whether there was a need for training. On the basis of needs analysis, concludes that the situation involved a performance problem for which a solution had to be found. The needs analysis has also led to a clear description of the need for training among the target group. Reports that, subsequently, on the basis of these results a training programme was developed and implemented. Concludes with an evaluation of the impact of this training programme on the use of the DATA system.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 25-29 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Attempts to show that, while ISO 9000 is part of total quality management, the organizational culture that is suited to ISO 9000 is not suited to the other aspects that make up total quality. Total quality is a balance between these factors such that, if the pull in one direction is too strong, the balance will be lost. Finally, contends that it is the inherent strength or inflexibility of the registration that has contributed to the failure of so many total quality initiatives.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 5-10 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Demonstrates a method of learning to solve problems, using Deming's system of profound knowledge. In the semi-final World Cup 1990, England lost to West Germany in the penalty shoot-out. The Italian team had a similar experience when they lost to Brazil in the World Cup final 1994. In an attempt to find the possible causes of defeats, identifies the common cause of this outcome as the training system. These two examples illustrate the effectiveness of the problem-solving method developed from Deming's idea of identifying the common cause of a problem.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 23-31 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Presents the second of a series of three papers which look at best practice in the area of people management. The first paper analysed five case studies representing the fast moving consumer goods sector, the services and retail services sectors. Examines another five cases through secondary data examination, based on submission documents for awards. The companies concerned are all winners of prestigious quality awards such as the European Quality Award, the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, the British Quality Award and the Australian Quality Award. Combines the five sets of analyses from both primary and secondary sources. Concludes by highlighting key areas of best practice in people management.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 12-15 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Presents a strategy for companies to adopt when striving for eligiblity for the Baldrige Award. The Baldrige Award became the US standard of excellence due to the fundamental values that the guidelines provide by laying out the blueprint for quality. The word "quality" was used extensively in previous versions of the Baldrige criteria, and credit was given to organizations that had an impressive TQM progamme. However, that is not the case any more. In the 1995 Baldrige criteria, new standards now call for a balance between customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction, and business results. Quality as a separate effort is no longer given the credit that it was given in previous years. Companies with even advanced TQM programmes will find that they do not fare very well against the new standards unless their TQM is fully integrated with the daily running of the business. Considering eligibility for the Baldrige Award, shows how to obtain the award by providing a strategy used by previously successful organizations. Uses this strategy to develop a plan that integrates a TQM plan and a Baldrige plan into one company's overall plan. Then, the company's overall plan is generated into three different plan levels, namely the strategic, functional, and annual plans, based on different time frames and details. Finally, deploys the plans to various work units throughout the organization to guide business day-to-day activities.
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    Training for quality 4 (1996), S. 37-44 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Presents the final paper in a series of three, looking at best practice in people management. Papers I and II discussed best practice through direct primary examination and the scrutiny of secondary data sources, respectively. The examinations represented a group of organizations well experienced with the implementation of total quality management and, in the case of part II, the five organizations studied were all winners of prestigious quality awards. Presents critical areas for effective people management, in many instances supported by the findings of other studies. Also presents evidence of best practice as highlighted by this study and discussed in the earlier papers.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 6-23 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: One of the most popular topics in American business today is reengineering. Rarely has such a misunderstood term been embraced so widely in theory and in practice. Numerous definitions and lists of key components to successful reengineering have confused managers as to what reengineering is in theory and in practice. Brings together the diverse literature and identifies clearly the activities, questions and process changes theorized to be necessary in reengineering efforts. In addition, reports the results of a survey designed to assess which of these purported activities, questions and process changes are, in practice, part of reengineering efforts as perceived by marketing professionals. Over 200 marketing professionals revealed their perception of firms' involvement in reengineering, and evaluated involvement in key activities, process changes and asking of fundamental questions. The results reveal interesting discrepancies between theoretical reengineering and reengineering in practice. Implies that reengineering may not be a black-and-white issue, but rather exist on a gray continuum.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 24-33 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A critical concern for corporations test marketing new products involves test market city evaluation. In order for test marketing to be successful, corporations must identify cities that offer a good fit with the firm's overall product strategy. Unfortunately, little has been written to aid corporations in making complex test city selection decisions. Presents a model that combines the concepts of marketing, the management science technique of goal programming, and microcomputer technology to provide managers with a more effective and efficient method for evaluating test cities and making selection decisions. Extends the existing literature on test market evaluation by applying a computer optimization model to test market evaluation in a way that has not been done before.
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  • 72
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 34-47 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Seeks to determine the adopter categories for a new product using an innovation diffusion model which assumes that the potential adopters of an innovation are influenced by two means of communication, namely the mass media (external influence) and word of mouth (internal influence). The literature contains many examples of studies devoted to the analysis of the diffusion of innovations, where an attempt is made to explain the characteristics of the different adopters according to the moment in time at which they acquire the innovation, the type of product (consumer durables, habitual) and the number of categories. The majority of these studies try to explain the behavior of the innovator as compared to that of the imitator, and very few of them differentiate between two or more adopter categories. Concentrates on a study of the diffusion of the glass-ceramic hob unit and attempts to explain the differences which exist between different categories of adopters.
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  • 73
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 5-23 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines the types and characteristics of the new forms of the brand management system in marketing organizations as identified in previous research and previous existing research on performance appraisal systems. Draws linkages between the two systems to provide a framework for maximizing individual product manager's performance, thereby maximizing overall organizational performance. Sets out a number of managerial implications and suggests areas for future research.
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  • 74
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 24-37 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Relates evidence which suggests that launching a vertical brand extension generally has a negative impact on the core brand because it dilutes the core brand image, advising that a brand extension should be introduced only when its profit potential exceeds the losses that will be sustained as a result of damage to the core brand. Describes two important tools which can reduce the dilution of the core brand image and/or enhance the success of a new brand extension introduction distancing, and information cues: Explains that, to reduce damage to a valuable core brand or to benefit a new step-up brand extension, the extension should be maximally distanced from the core brand; however, to benefit a new step-down brand extension (at the expense of the core brand), the extension should be positioned close to the core brand. Highlights how information cues that describe a brand extension can also act like distancing techniques, simply by serving to reinforce the similarities (implied closeness) or differences (implied distance) between the brand extension and the core brand.
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  • 75
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 38-47 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Explains the globalization of new products with the help of a global new product development model. Attempts to provide a framework for the new product development process, bearing in mind the increasing globalization of markets. Concludes that joint functioning of engineering, marketing, market research, R&D and management is needed from the first stage of product development.
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  • 76
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 48-60 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Looks at recent product development literature which cites the improving but troubling success rates of newly introduced products and recommends integrating customer input as early as possible. Notes that, while companies have adopted cross-functional product development teams, integrating customer input is uncommon. Suggests that, to increase product success consumers and other external information sources should be part of idea generation and should provide input throughout the rest of the product development process. Highlights several problems that exist which interfere with achieving that integration: many firms are not structured to gather, disseminate and exploit consumer preference data or their surrogates; and it is difficult to identify consumers who could provide ongoing interactive input. Reviews the relevant learning organization literature and relates it to the new product development process. Explores the successful lead user technique used in industrial marketing, describes its important components, and proposes a potentially useful extension - boundary-spanning product development teams. Describes boundary-spanning product development teams which are composed of internal cross-functional members and external members selected from suppliers, retailers and consumers.
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  • 77
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 established theNational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and charged it to"provide for the widest practicable and appropriate disseminationof information concerning ... its activities and the resultsthereof". The search for innovative methods to distribute NASA'sinformation led a grassroots team to create the NASA Technical ReportServer (NTRS), which uses the World Wide Web and other popularInternet-based information systems.
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  • 78
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 37-66 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The "collaboratory" concept has recently entered thevernacular of the scientific community to reflect new modes ofscientific communication, cooperation and collaboration made possible byinformation technology. The collaboratory represents a scientificresearch center "without walls" for accessing and sharingdata, information, instrumentation and computational resources. Theprincipal applications of the collaboratory concept have been in thephysical and biological sciences, including space physics, oceanographyand molecular biology. Discusses the attributes of the collaboratory,and applies the concept developed by computer and physical scientists tothe design and operation of the SIPPACCESS prototype informationsystem for complex data to be used through the Internet by sociologists,demographers and economists. Examines obstacles to collaboratorydevelopment for the social sciences. Concludes that four major obstacleswill inhibit the development of collaboratories in the social sciences.
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  • 79
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 74-80 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Many Mexican universities are now offering Internet access to theirfaculty and users. This access is provided by computer services staffwho traditionally have been responsible only for the technical aspectsof establishing, maintaining, and updating the university computersystems. The computer specialists are finding themselves largelyunprepared to assume this new role as information specialists. Examinesthe newly emerging and evolving roles of these computer specialists.
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  • 80
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 67-73 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines the characteristics of bibliographic information retrievalsystems, particularly online public access systems, in terms of thedifficulties children have in using them. The specialized focus oflibrary and information science, the highly abstract nature ofbibliographic representation, and the evolving cognitive development ofchildren are all contributing factors to these difficulties. Describesrecent research and development in interface design, followed byimplications for the design of Internet navigators. The new generationof Internet browsers can give students the ability not only to searchfor information, but also to create and disseminate information usingthe same medium. Such capacity adds a significant dimension and newmeaning to the concept of information retrieval. Concludes thatthoughtful and developmentally appropriate interface design is criticalto the success of children's use of this powerful new resource.
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  • 81
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 3-10 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Evaluates the principal tools available for the retrieval ofinformation from the Internet, e.g. Hytelnet, Archie, Gopher, WAIS, andthe World Wide Web (WWW). Principally concentrates on an evaluation ofthe user interface and search software for each of the aforementionedtools. Concludes with a brief perspective of Internet informationretrieval and the implications for the future.
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  • 82
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 11-14 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Looks at the beginnings of Internet law in the UK. Examines twotraditional areas of law which are currently coming under pressure inthe English legal system - defamation and copyright. Brieflypresents verdicts of actual cases from US and Australian law, andspeculates on the outcomes of these cases had they been put before UKcourts.
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  • 83
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 23-31 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Draws its topicality and relevance from the fact that not only isthe Internet widely publicized in all the media but also there are manystories regarding problems with its security. Provides a primer on thehistory, terminology, tools and common uses of the Internet. Identifiesthe most prevalent threats to security posed by using the Internet anddiscusses some of the traditional and emerging approaches to ensuringthe security and integrity of data on the Internet.
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  • 84
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 77-90 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes how MCB University Press has started to come to terms with the metamorphosis which electronic publishing offers. Sees a future where interactive multimedia products and services are the norm and are quite differently distributed, based on new alliances from within but also from outside the traditional players. Explores how MCB's strengths might be used to succeed in the new frameworks and concludes that double-loop action learning is the only viable way ahead. Suggests that authors will be a constant point of reference and that networked desktop PCs and networked homes will open vast new markets to those who can re-present knowledge and information to gain and hold their attention. Outlines what MCB has done so far.
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  • 85
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 13-19 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Outlines the efforts of the state library of North Carolina to provide access to the Internet and to electronic information resources for libraries in the state. The major challenge of finding a cost-effective alternative to its statewide network, which was terminated by a 1993 legislative mandate, has led to opportunities to provide better services and resources by switching public libraries to point-to-point accounts and by migrating the state library's information resources to an Internet-accessible workstation.
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 20-26 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Argues that collection development libraries, because of their experience in the areas of collection, organization, evaluation and presentation, are uniquely qualified to create World Wide Web subject resource collections for an academic audience. By learning how to use Internet subject directories and searching sites, and by acquainting themselves with basic HTML tags, these librarians can create guides which can become valuable tools for all Internet users. In the process, they can also expand their own library collections by providing access to networked information which would have otherwise been inaccessible to their users.
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  • 87
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 33-36 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The information highway is changing our society in very dramatic ways. Argues that state libraries need to make it a priority item on their agendas. They need to provide leadership, promote collaboration and provide empowerment for local libraries. Observes that these three key elements, successfully applied, will position libraries and the library profession as leaders within their communities and their states.
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  • 88
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 42-47 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The information highway is a management issue with the same importance as information technology applications and information technology management. Deals with some critical issues which arise in the evolution of an information highway age and its alignment with the evolving management perspectives and strategies.
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  • 89
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 48-52 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: From a simple idea came a library network that only ever wanted to connect Marylanders to their libraries and the resources they offered. What SailorSM has become is a national model for public libraries and state planning telecommunications networks and library systems integration. Policies for network development of hardware and software, as well as content, are essential. Summarizes the design and implementation of a small, but critical, part of SailorSM, that of collection development of Internet resources.
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  • 90
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    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 53-62 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Many of the activities people perform with the Internet are new, and possibly could not have been conceived before the network became available. Describes innovative uses of the Internet by staff of two Australian universities. While the Internet provides opportunities for communication among its users, it poses challenges to the computing and information systems professionals who support them. It also presents librarians with the opportunity to apply their established skills as educators, information managers, custodians, information providers and change agents in their work with Internet users.
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  • 91
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 33-55 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Most recent work in the area of new product development has been ofa theoretically prescriptive basis, ignoring, to a large degree, thecurrent state of affairs in US corporations. The study examines, on acomparative basis, consumer and business products organizations,practices being utilized to guide the development process and keyfactors influencing the success/failure of the process. Results from anempirical study reveal that: (1) there is no one best means to structurethe process; (2) top management commitment to and support of the processis a critical factor; (3) knowledge of markets and customers remainselusive; and (4) more similarities than differences exist between thepractices undertaken by and the factors influencing success/failure inconsumer versus business products organizations.
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  • 92
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 7-18 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The effectiveness of marketing activities in firms with productmanagement is, in part, determined by the extent to which theorganizational structure is aligned with the uncertainties in themarketplace. Investigates the relationship between various dimensions offirm's marketing organizational structure (i.e. centralization,formalization and structural differentiation) and the degree to whichthe product manager confronts environmental uncertainty. Claims theempirical results indicate that the organizational structure whichapplies to the product manager is related to uncertainty in the marketenvironment of the firm and that product managers' authority is notmatched to the degree of uncertainty in the environment. Discusses theimplications of these results in terms of the product manager'sperformance in varying organizational structures.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 19-26 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The introduction of the original Mazda 323 five-door into the SouthAfrican market in 1977 launched the brand from virtual obscurity toinstant success. The 323 became the top selling derivative in thecountry and the brand became a household name. However, during the 1980sthe brand's equity steadily eroded and it was perceived to be a staid,boring marque with a poor image. Describes how the brand wassuccessfully revitalized in the early 1990s. Draws a distinction betweenrevitalization and the successful "renaissance" advertisingstrategy. Reviews the outcome of the renaissance campaign, ini additionto Mazda's current performance, concluding that the brand has beensuccessfully revived - to the point that Mazda's market share inSouth Africa is the highest achieved by the brand anywhere in the world.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 56-63 
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    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Business faces formidable challenges in the 1990s. With thesechallenges will come greater requirements for relevant marketinformation, quality offerings, increased productivity, leadership, andconsumer orientation. As new technology and computers are designed tohelp meet the ever-increasing information needs of society, personal,professional, and industrial consumers will search for better ways toidentify the computers and related high-tech products which will enablethem to meet their individual and organizational needs. In this search,consumers will look for traditional brand name recognition of newproducts, user friendliness, functionability, and product positioningthat meets their individual expectations. Examines the emergence ofbrands in the marketing of computers and related high-tech products soas to explore the trends of developments in this vital area.
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  • 95
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 27-37 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reviews how the DuPont Lycra division is focussing more on globalbrand management starting with the development of a new worldwideadvertising campaign for Lycra in women's apparel. Describes how aninternational team selected the winning advertising theme and agency viateleconferencing. Discusses results of a uniform worldwide consumeradvertising campaign and the cost savings as a result of the reductionin the number of advertising agencies. Presents the backgroundinformation on how DuPont Fibers Department has used product, category,and brand management and discusses the future implications.
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  • 96
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 49-60 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: There has been overwhelming discussion about the death of theproduct management system. Focusses on how the product management systemis changing, and how firms can best anticipate and manage this change.Claims organizational change is inevitable and that marketingorganizations must anticipate and prepare for it. Concludes that productmanagement is not dead - merely evolving and at a rapid pace, andthat punctuated equilibrium provides a useful model for productmanagement for the next "equilibrium" period.
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  • 97
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 38-48 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Private label brands may be in danger as a result of recent changesin the marketing strategies used by private label firms. The primarycompetitive advantage of private label brands, good quality at lowprices, may be lost if private label firms continue to modify and expandhow their brands are marketed. Specifically, changes in private labelbrands' advertising, packaging, sales promotion, and product improvementstrategies indicate that private label brands are moving closer thanever to manufacturer brand status. To the extent that these changesresult in higher average retail prices and/or lower gross margins forretailers, the advantages of private brands to both consumers anddistributors will diminish, illustrating that the historical"wheel of retailing" hypothesis may be applicable to privatelabel brands. Investigates the aforementioned trends and providessuggestions for manufacturers and retailers for future brand managementstrategies.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 15-22 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Profiles heavy buyers of store brand products and compares themwith light buyers in terms of demographics, socio-economic, andattitudinal variables. The results suggest that younger, unmarried, andsmaller sized households tend to avoid store brands. As compared withheavy buyers, light buyers of store brands are less familiar with themand perceive them to be of lower quality, less value for money and asriskier choices.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 6-14 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Social values represent desired end states of being or desirablebehaviors such as self-respect, warm relations with others, orexcitement. These abstract social cognitions help shape productattitudes and through them guide overt behavior. Empirical research hassupported this theoretical structure of values-attitudes-behavior, butonly for a relatively few high involvement products. A sample of 323adult women shoppers rated the importance of the nine social values fromthe list of values; reported their attitudes toward snack foods,convenience foods, and cooking; and described purchase frequencies for avariety of foods. The shoppers' food attitudes were consistentlyassociated with self-reported food purchases. Moreover, ratings ofseveral values were associated with attitudes toward snack foods and useof convenience foods, suggesting that social values may influence buyerbehavior for low as well as high involvement products. The findings haveimplications for food marketers who want to promote their products moreeffectively, consumer theorists who want to understand the impact ofvalues on consumer behavior, and public makers who would like toinfluence food expenditures by consumers.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 23-34 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In an increasingly competitive marketplace, greater emphasis isbeing placed on brand image development as the basis for consumerdiscrimination. Advertising has a central role to play in developingbrand image, whether at the corporate, retail or product level. Itinforms consumers of the functional capabilities of the brand whilesimultaneously imbuing the brand with symbolic values and meaningsrelevant to the consumer. These two functions of advertising closelyparallel the informational and transformational schools of advertisingeffects and theories on the central and peripheral routes to consumerpersuasion. Such dichotomous approaches to explanation are unlikely torepresent the reality of consumer choice in that brand image is likelyto be formed by the simultaneous absorption of advertising messagesbased on both the functional and expressive capabilities of brands.
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