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  • Artikel  (90)
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  • Springer  (90)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • Nature America Inc.
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the function of pea flower feeding by Bruchus pisorum (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 63 (1992), S. 115-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Pea weevil ; Bruchus pisorum ; Bruchidae ; Coleoptera ; flower feeding ; nectar robbing ; pea ; Pisum sativum ; resistance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Pea flower feeding by adult pea weevils, Bruchus pisorum (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), with special emphasis on nectar feeding, was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. Male and female adults robbed nectar from flowers of the garden and field pea, Pisum sativum L., and females which fed on the nectar, petals, and female organs of pea flowers lived significantly longer than those denied food and water and those that fed on water only. The results of other experiments suggested that pea flower qualities other than pollen influenced the reproductive success of female B. pisorum. It is hypothesized that pollen seeking B. pisorum effected cross-pollination in the wild progenitor of the modern-day autogamous pea, and adult pea weevils of both sexes rob pea nectar to obtain a readily available source of energy to sustain flight.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343571
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Host plant recognition in monophagous weevils: Specialization ofCeutorhynchus inaffectatus to glucosinolates from its host plantHesperis matronalis (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 64 (1992), S. 49-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Ceutorhynchus inaffectatus ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Hesperis matronalis ; Dame's violet ; Brassicaceae ; Cruciferae ; glucosinolates ; feeding stimulants ; host plant specificity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Ceutorhynchus inaffectatus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae:Ceutorhynchinae) is a monophagous species feeding only onHesperis matronalis L. (Cruciferae) in North-western Europe. Feeding responses of this weevil to five glucosinolates from its host plant were compared with the responses to four glucosinolates from non-host plants. The major glucosinolates in the host plant were isolated and identified: 6-methylsulphinylhexylglucosinolate (glucohesperalin), 3,4-dihydroxybenzylglucosinolate (glucomatronalin), 3-O-apiosylglucomatronalin, a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoylester and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzoylester of 3-O-apiosylglucomatronalin. The three glucosinolates containing apiose were powerful feeding stimulants forC. inaffectatus while the other host plant compounds and allyglucosinolate (sinigrin), 3-methylsulphinylpropylglucosinolate (glucoiberin), benzylglucosinolate (glucotropaeolin) and p-hydroxybenzylglucosinolate (sinalbin) were weaker stimulants. The role of glucosinolates in host plant selection ofC. inaffectatus and related monophagous crucifer feeders is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688993
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optimization of bioassay conditions for the olive bark beetle Phloeotribus scarabaeoides (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 63 (1992), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Laboratory bioassay ; olfactometer ; olive bark beetle ; Phloeotribus scarabaeoides ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Bioassay conditions with a glass olfactometer for the olive bark beetle, Phloeotribus scarabaeoides Bern. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), have been investigated. The best temperatures and light intensities were between 17 and 28° C and 1000 and 1500 lux, respectively. The best response was obtained with newly emerged individuals from reproduction galleries with no feeding period.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350349
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diet, fecundity and egg size in some polyphagous predatory carabid beetles (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 65 (1992), S. 129-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Coleoptera ; Carabidae ; Bembidion lampros ; Pterostichus cupreus ; P. melanarius ; diet ; egg production ; egg size variation ; pirimicarb ; fat reserves
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Egg size was measured at different rates of egg laying in three polyphagous carabid species, known to be useful predators of cereal aphids; the small Bembidion lampros Herbst and the medium-sized Pterostichus cupreus L. and P. melanarius Illiger. Variations in fecundity, as well as the ability of the medium-sized species to also build up fat reserves, were obtained when beetles were subjected to different dietary regimes consisting of aphids, or foods with a lower or higher protein content. Egg size was found to be dependent on the rate of egg laying within a species. A diet of cereal aphids appeared to be adequate for egg production in these polyphagous carabids, but female P. cupreus were unable to build up fat reserves when they ingested aphids contaminated with the aphicide pirimicarb. Beetles were able to devote resources to more and larger eggs (B. lampros), or to larger eggs and/or fat reserves (P. melanarius/P. cupreus) when given access to a carbohydrate-rich food with low protein content. The highest rate of egg laying was obtained when female P. cupreus and P. melanarius were given a more varied diet at frequent intervals; including regular shifts between unsprayed aphids, carbohydrate-rich food and protein-rich maggots. Within the varied diet treatment a negative relationship was obtained between egg size and egg number among similar-sized individuals of P. cupreus and P. melanarius; females producing the largest number also laid the smallest eggs. Egg size affected larval survival, since first instars hatching from large eggs were found to survive longer than those hatching from small eggs. The influence of differences in food intake on reproduction, maintenance metabolism, and survival of fieldinhabiting carabids is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221363
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Spatial distribution and sequential sampling of adults ofGonocephalum macleayi andPterohelaeus darlingensis in different cropping regimes (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 65 (1992), S. 235-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Coleoptera ; Tenebrionidae ; Pterohelaeus darlingensis ; Gonocephalum macleayi ; false wireworms ; sampling
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Counts of adults of the false wirewormsGonocephalum macleayi (Blackburn) andPterohelaeus darlingensis Carter in pitfall traps in burnt, mulched and sorghum treatments conformed to Taylor's power law. Within a species there were no significant differences in distributions of counts of either sex in any habitat butG. macleayi were more aggregated thanP. darlingensis (Taylor'sb 1.35 and 1.26, respectively). Relationships to determine sample sizes for fixed levels of precision and fixed-precision-level stop lines for sequential sampling are developed for each species using Taylor's parameters for combined data over all habitats.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02343856
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic structure of leaf-beetles populations: microgeographic and sexual differentiation inOreina cacaliae andO. speciosissima (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 65 (1992), S. 247-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Population genetics ; microgeographic differentiation ; leaf-beetles ; Chrysomelinae ; Coleoptera
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract We usedF-statistics to quantify the population structure of two sympatric species of leaf beetles,Oreina cacaliae andO. speciosissima (Chrysomelinae, Coleoptera), which share the same microhabitat since they feed on the same herbaceous host plants. We measured genetic differentiation at six allozyme loci 1) among populations separated by relatively small distances (40 to 250 kilometers), 2) within each population, and 3) between sexes within populations. For both species, the populations studied are not panmictic. For each population, heterozygosities are relatively high, but the observed heterozygosities are generally lower than the expected values. Overall, within-population differentiation is high and similar for both species (F is=0.326 forO. cacaliae and 0.332 forO. speciosissima). Additionally, populations of both species are highly differentiated (F st=0.234 versus 0.051 forO. speciosissima). ForO. cacaliae,F is andF st are greater among females than among males, while forO. speciosissima,F st is sustantially greater among the males whileF is is slightly greater among males. Differences in gene frequency among the sexes were statistically tested using a modifiedF st with sex as the defining category, and the sexes differed significantly with the exception of one population inO. cacaliae. Possible explanations for this difference are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02343858
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intraspecific variation in bionomic characters of the Mexican bean weevil, Zabrotes subfasciatus (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 65 (1992), S. 39-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; fecundity ; geographical variation ; Coleoptera ; Bruchidae ; ecology ; Phaseolus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera:Bruchidae) is native to parts of Central and South America but has now been spread to many others areas. It commonly infests the seeds of both Lima beans, Phaseolus lunatus, and common beans, Phaseolus vulgaris. Five geographic populations were found to differ in fecundity, patterns of egg distribution, times of development and adult sizes when they were kept under the same conditions. Each population also differed unpredictably from the others in its response to different cultivars of host seed. These differences have been shown to be of considerable importance in determining the potential pest status of the populations and should also promote caution in making predictions about the responses of different populations to new cultivars of bean for agricultural use.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189715
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Perhydropolysilazane precursors to silicon nitride ceramics (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of inorganic and organometallic polymers and materials 2 (1992), S. 151-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8870
    Schlagwort(e): Perhydropolysilazane ; preceramic polymer ; silicon nitride ; synthesis ; polymerization ; pyridine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Preceramic perhydropolysilazane has been synthesized by the ammonolysis of dichlorosilane pyridine adduct. Perhydropolysilazane was polymerized and cross-linked by heat treatment with or without ammonia by dehydrogen condensation between SiH and NH and disproportionation at the SiH site in the polymers in the presence of pyridine. Ceramic yields of 82–93% were observed for perhydropolysilazane. The ceramic yield depended on the branching-group, i.e., −SiH 〈 and −N〈, content of the polymer. Controlled molecular weight distribution and elemental composition of the polymers obtained by heat treatment in the presence of pyridine meet various requirements for the production of shaped ceramics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696542
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the rate-determining step and the role of potassium in the catalytic synthesis of ammonia (1992)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 13 (1992), S. 45-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Schlagwort(e): Ammonia ; synthesis ; nitrogen ; rate-determining step ; potassium promotion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The simple concept of a single rate-determining step, the dissociation of N2(a), in ammonia synthesis is inconsistent with experimental results. It is proposed that three reaction steps, N2(a) → 2N(a) (1) N(a) + H(a)→NH(a) (2) NH3(a)→NH3(g) (3) are dominant in determining the rate of synthesis. Under industrial conditions reactions (2) and (3) are more important than (1). The role of K+ as promoter in these reactions is discussed, especially as an “anchor” for adsorbed oxygen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00770946
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some observations on the synthesis and characterisation of pillared layered materials of varied pillar density (1992)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 14 (1992), S. 11-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Schlagwort(e): Pillared layered materials ; synthesis ; characterisation ; pillar density
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract A practical approach to the synthesis from a given layered host of pillared derivatives of varied, and controlled, pillar density is described. An analytical technique allowing measurement of the pillar density is outlined and it is shown that, if the stoichiometric composition of the host is known, the measurements permit elucidation of the charge on the ionic pillar precursor. Once established for fixed conditions of synthesis this would allow calculation of pillar density from a knowledge of the cation exchange capacity of the original host.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00764213
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