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  • taxonomy  (72)
  • Springer  (72)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (72)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1955-1959
  • 1992  (35)
  • 1991  (37)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (72)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1955-1959
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chrysophyte stomatocyst taxonomy — classification of snowflakes? (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 6 (1991), S. 257-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: Chrysophyceae ; stomatocysts ; biogenic silica deposition ; polymer gels ; surface pattern ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The utility of classifying chrysophyte stomatocysts by their characteristic honeycomb and ridge patterns is questioned, because a strikingly similar expanding pattern appears on the surface of ionized polymer gels during osmotical swelling as a result of simple physical forces. The rapid accumulation of silicate into a spherical cyst inside a chrysophyte cell appears to be as a physical process sufficiently similar to result in an analogous pattern in microscopic scale. Chrysophyte stomatocysts that possess honeycomb or ridge patterns could be regarded as ‘frozen moments’ of the pattern evolution during the silicate gel phase. As a consequence, such structures should have little taxonomical value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233074
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sporobolomyces lactosus, a new species of ballistosporous yeast equipped with ubiquinone-10 (1992)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 61 (1992), S. 245-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Sporobolomyces lactosus ; yeasts ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new species of ballistospore-forming yeasts was recovered and its description given.Sporobolomyces lactosus, isolated from activated sludge treating petrochemical wastes, produces pinkish-coral to pink colored colonies, assimilates lactose and has Q-10 as the major ubiquinone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00584231
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  • 3
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    Contributions to a revision of the genusTrichosporon (1992)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 61 (1992), S. 289-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Trichosporon ; white piedra ; systemic mycosis ; taxonomy ; nDNA ; rRNA ; ubiquinone systems ; basidiomycetous yeasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genusTrichosporon was revised using characters of morphology, ultrastructure, physiology, ubiquinone systems, mol% G+C of DNA, DNA/DNA reassociations and 26S ribosomal RNA partial sequences. A total of 101 strains was used, including all available type and authentic cultures of previously described taxa. Nineteen taxa could be distinguished, 15 of which having Q-9 coenzyme systems and 4 having Q-10. Sixteen previously described names were reduced to synonymy. One new species was described. The genus is characterized by the presence of arthroconidia. Few species possess further diagnostic morphological characters, such as the presence of appressoria, macroconidia or meristematic conidiation. The septa of two species were found to be non-perforate, while those of the remaining species contained dolipores at variable degrees of differentiation, with or without vesicular or tubular parenthesomes. All species were able to assimilate a large number of carbon compounds; visible CO2 production was absent. The genus was found to be fairly homogeneous on the basis of a phylogenetic analysis of partial 26S rRNA sequences, with the exception ofT. pullulans which proved to be unrelated. Most taxa were found to occupy well-defined ecological niches. Within the group of taxa isolated from humans, a distinction found be made between those involved in systemic mycoses and those which mainly caused public or non-public white piedras, respectively. One species was consistently associated with animals, while others came mainly from soil or water. One species was mesophilic and another psychrophilic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713938
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  • 4
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    Thaumatomyrmex strips millipedes for prey: a novel predatory behaviour in ants, and the first case of sympatry in the genus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (1991)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 38 (1991), S. 335-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Thaumatomyrmex ; taxonomy ; comparative morphology ; predation ; Polyxenidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We describe, for the first time, the predatory behaviour ofThaumatomyrmex ants on millipedes of the family Polyxenidae, based on field observations ofT. atrox and a field and laboratory study ofT. contumax. The capture of the prey and the removal process of its body-covering setae by the ants before they eat the millipede are described. This specialized behaviour in at least two species of the genus, belonging to two distinct groups of species, indicates a general trend inThaumatomyrmex. We coupled this study with a comparative morphological analysis of the mouthparts and digestive tube of these and otherThaumatomyrmex species. Also, we report the first case of sympatry in the genus, which suggests thatThaumatomyrmex includes several species, and not only one highly variable taxon, as hypothetized earlier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01241869
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  • 5
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    Seasonal changes of microbial populations in the sediments of the basins of Lugano and Agno (1992)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 54 (1992), S. 331-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Heterotrophic bacteria ; sediments ; taxonomy ; seasonal variations ; aerobic bacterial population ; anaerobic bacterial population ; Lake Lugano (Lago di Lugano)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This research was carried out with the aim to explore the heterotrophic microbial population of two sediments in different oxic conditions of the Lake of Lugano (Lago di Lugano). The values of the viable bacterial counts found in our sediment samples were typical for an eutrophic lake. The increase in the proportion of anaerobic to aerobic bacteria at 30 °C observed in the sediment samples of Agno may reflect the depletion of oxygen concentrations in the water column. The generaAeromonas, Pseudomonas, Bacillus andClostridium, as well as strains belonging to the Coryneform-group, represented the major taxonomic groups of heterotrophic bacterial communities in the water-sediment interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00878145
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  • 6
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    The genusBlepharispermum (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) (1992)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 182 (1992), S. 149-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Asteraceae ; Heliantheae ; Blepharispermum ; Revision ; taxonomy ; phylogeny ; cladistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The palaeotropic genusBlepharispermum (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) is revised for the first time. Fifteen species from Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar, India, and Ceylon are recognized. Two new species are described, viz.B. arcuatum andB. canescens. Aspects of the systematic position and morphology of the genus are discussed. A hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships is presented by way of a cladistic analysis. A key to all species in the genus as well as typification, descriptions, drawings and distribution maps are supplied. Chromosome counts of two species are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939188
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  • 7
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    Genomic groups, morphology, and sectional delimitation in EurasianElymus (Poaceae, Triticeae) (1992)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 180 (1992), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Triticeae ; Elymus ; Genome analysis ; morphology ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seven tetraploid species ofElymus, viz.E. sibiricus, E. caninus, E. gmelinii, E. semicostatus, E. caucasicus, E. parviglume, andE. longearistatus subsp.canaliculatus, representing five sections were studied morphologically and used in interspecific hybridizations. The aim was to investigate whether the present sectional delimitation of the genus was in agreement with genomic data and if there was a correlation between genome constitution and morphology. The study revealed: (i) further information on the genomic affinities between the different species, (ii) that there is no congruence between genome constitution of the species and current sectional delimitation, and (iii) that there is a correlation between genome constitution and morphology in the palea apex shape and in the size of cilia of the palea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940394
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  • 8
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    Ruellia sect.Urceolata (Acanthaceae), a novel species complex from southern Mexico (1992)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 180 (1992), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Acanthaceae ; Ruellia ; Speciation over short distances ; endemism ; taxonomy ; Flora of Mexico
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new section in MexicanRuellia, R. sect.Urceolata comprising three species (includingR. cedilloi, spec. nova), endemic to Mexico, is described and illustrated. The taxonomic relationship and differentiation of the species are discussed. Evolution in Mexican Ruellas seems to be occurring at the diploid level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00941152
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  • 9
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    Hybrid speciation and radiation in the neotropical woody genusTocoyena (Rubiaceae) (1992)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 181 (1992), S. 143-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Rubiaceae ; Tocoyena ; Hybridization ; differentiation ; speciation ; homogamic complex ; tropical woody plants ; taxonomy ; Flora of South America
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The variation pattern of a large population ofTocoyena formosa in Botucatu, state of São Paulo, Brazil, and of other samples throughout the species area was analysed by morphometrical, statistical, ecological, and phytogeographical methods. Excessive variation and the remarkable coherence of two different character syndromes within this species strongly suggest that it has originated as a homogamic (diploid) hybrid complex. Possible parental species areT. brasiliensis, mainly from the Amazon region, andT. viscidula from the dry caatinga region of NE. Brazil.T. formosa has a much more extensive geographical range and greater ecological plasticity, ranging from the Amazon basin and the Guyanas throughout the Central Brazilian Plateau and from NE. to S. Brazil and Paraguay. Three (partly sympatric) varieties are distinguished withinT. formosa, i.e. var.formosa, var.pseudobrasiliensis (var. nov.), and var.microdon (comb. et stat. nov.). A provisional taxonomic revision, key, and conspectus covers the 12 accepted species ofTocoyena with blunt flower buds and ovate obtuse corolla lobes (group A, includingT. formosa); their distribution is shown in a map.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937441
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  • 10
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    Two new species of the diatom genusChaetoceros (Bacillariophyta) (1992)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 181 (1992), S. 217-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Diatoms ; plankton ; Chaetoceros ; New species ; morphology ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two new planktonic diatom species of the genusChaetoceros are described herein:Ch. octagonus andCh. rectus, from material of Baja California coasts and the Gulf of California, respectively;Ch. rectus was also found in a sample from Australian waters.Ch. octagonus is a robust species, with a characteristic pyramidal valve shape, heavily silicified valves and setae, and one central rimoportula on every valve in the chain; it is compared with related species, which show a similar morphology, especially by electron microscopy. It belongs into subg.Chaetoceros, sect.Borealia. Ch. rectus is placed in subg.Hyalochaete, and provisionally within sect.Anastomosantia. Its major characters are: chains, cells, and setae are delicate and fragile, cells are joined in the chain by a “bridge” which connects sibling intercalary setae, valves and setae are weakly silicified, and one rimoportula is present on terminal valves only. Comparison is made with another species of the same section.Ch. rectus shows a different manner of chain-forming within the genus than previously described in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937445
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  • 11
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    A new combination and a new species in the lichen genusCatapyrenium (lichenizedAscomycetes, Verrucariaceae) (1992)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 181 (1992), S. 255-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Pyrenocarpous lichens ; Verrucariaceae ; Dermatocarpon ; Catapyrenium ; Catapyrenium velebiticum comb. nov. ; Catapyrenium pyrenaicum spec. nova ; Systematics ; taxonomy ; Flora of Austria, Croatia, France, Spain, and Switzerland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Catapyrenium pyrenaicum is described as new from northern Spain and adjacent France, and the new combinationCatapyrenium velebiticum is made. The new species differs fromC. velebiticum mainly in its laminal pycnidia. Remarks on taxonomy, ecology, and distribution of the species are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937449
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  • 12
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    Descriptions of the larvae of four nearctic species ofEpoicocladius (Diptera: Chironomidae) with a redescription ofEpoicocladius ephemerae (Kieffer) (1992)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 26 (1992), S. 145-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: Chironomidae ; Epoicocladius ; symbiosis ; taxonomy ; Ephemeridae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The larvae of four species ofEpoicocladius from eastern North America are described along with a redescription of the European species,Epoicocladius ephemerae (Kieffer). A key to known 4th instar Nearctic and western PalaearcticEpoicocladius larvae is presented. Previous species descriptions and records of NearcticEpoicocladius spp. are discussed in reference to the larvae described here. Larvae ofEpoicocladius ephemerae (Kieff.), a species described from Europe which is currently synonymized with the NearcticE. flavens, have yet to be collected in North America. This suggests that the synonymy is invalid andE. ephemerae should be considered a legitimate species. A likely candidate to be the larva ofEpoicocladius flavens (Malloch) is suggested. However, until reared adults are obtained, the larva ofE. flavens remains unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02255235
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  • 13
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    The larva and habitat ofParakiefferiella nigra Brundin (Diptera: Chironomidae) (1992)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 26 (1992), S. 527-531 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: palaeolimnology ; Chironomidae ; taxonomy ; larval subfossils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Collections of adults ofParakiefferiella nigra Brundin indicate that this chironomid occurs widely in arctic and subarctic zones. In addition, it has occasionally been collected in cool temperate and boreal forest lakes of both North America and Europe. Although widely distributed, the larva and its habitat have not previously been described. Identity of the larva ofP. nigra has been established by studying associated reared specimens. The distinctive larva, with reduced second lateral mental teeth, is stenotopic, and on the basis of modern collections appears to be most abundant in cold, oligotrophic lakes. More data is required to establish the range of thermal environments inhabited by the larva. Larval head capsule remains ofP. nigra are common in late-glacial sediments of southwestern British Columbia lakes and provide important evidence for oligotrophic conditions during late-glacial time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02255286
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  • 14
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    Representations of the Natural System in the Nineteenth century (1991)
    Springer
    Biology and philosophy 6 (1991), S. 255-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8404
    Keywords: Classification ; diagrams ; evolution ; history ; natural history ; natural system ; ornithology ; phylogeny ; representation ; systematics ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract ‘The Natural System’ is the abstract notion of the order in living diversity. The richness and complexity of this notion is revealed by the diversity of representations of the Natural System drawn by ornithologists in the Nineteenth Century. These representations varied in overall form from stars, to circles, to maps, to evolutionary trees and cross-sections through trees. They differed in their depiction of affinity, analogy, continuity, directionality, symmetry, reticulation and branching, evolution, and morphological convergence and divergence. Some representations were two-dimensional, and some were three-dimensional; n-dimensional representations were discussed but never illustrated. The study of diagrammatic representations of the Natural System is made difficult by the frequent failure of authors to discuss them in their texts, and by the consequent problem of distinguishing features which carried meaning from arbitrary features and printing conventions which did not. Many of the systematics controversies of the last thirty years have their roots in the conceptual problems which surrounded the Natural System in the late 1800s, problems which were left unresolved when interest in higher-level systematics declined at the turn of this century.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02426840
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  • 15
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    Phylogenetic definitions and taxonomic philosophy (1992)
    Springer
    Biology and philosophy 7 (1992), S. 295-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8404
    Keywords: Clade ; class ; composite whole ; definition ; defining property ; essentialism ; evolution ; individual ; intension ; name ; ostensive definition ; phylogeny ; population ; set ; species ; taxon ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract An examination of the post-Darwinian history of biological taxonomy reveals an implicit assumption that the definitions of taxon names consist of lists of organismal traits. That assumption represents a failure to grant the concept of evolution a central role in taxonomy, and it causes conflicts between traditional methods of defining taxon names and evolutionary concepts of taxa. Phylogenetic definitions of taxon names (de Queiroz and Gauthier 1990) grant the concept of common ancestry a central role in the definitions of taxon names and thus constitute an important step in the development of phylogenetic taxonomy. By treating phylogenetic relationships rather than organismal traits as necessary and sufficient properties, phylogenetic definitions remove conflicts between the definitions of taxon names and evolutionary concepts of taxa. The general method of definition represented by phylogenetic definitions of clade names can be applied to the names of other kinds of composite wholes, including populations and biological species. That the names of individuals (composite wholes) can be defined in terms of necessary and sufficient properties provides the foundation for a synthesis of seemingly incompatible positions held by contemporary individualists and essentialists concerning the nature of taxa and the definitions of taxon names.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00129972
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  • 16
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    Polypedilum digitifer Townes andPolypedilum griseopunctatum (Malloch) (Diptera, Chironomidae): Redescription of adult males with a description and separation of the immature stages (1992)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 26 (1992), S. 203-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: aquatic insects ; midges ; chironomidae ; taxonomy ; Diptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Polypedilum (Tripodura) digitifer Townes andPolypedilum (Tripodura) griseopunctatum (Malloch) are morphologically similar species of Chironomidae. Using associated material from New York State, the adult males for both species are redescribed (adding previously ignored characters) and the mature larva and pupa are thoroughly described for the first time. Traits for distinguishing these species from each other and possibly from other Nearctic species ofPolypedilum (Tripodura) are provided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02255243
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  • 17
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    Corrections to the Chironomidae part of the Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera (1992)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 26 (1992), S. 215-221 
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    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: taxonomy ; palaearctic Chironomidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An extensive list of corrections to the Chironomidae part of the ‘Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera’ (ASHE and CRANSTON, 1990) is given.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02255244
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  • 18
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    Biostatistical studies on western EuropeanDactylorhiza (Orchidaceae)—theD. maculata group (1991)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 175 (1991), S. 55-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Orchidaceae ; Dactylorhiza ; D. maculata ; D. fuchsii ; D. saccifera ; D. caramulensis ; Biostatistics ; multivariate analysis ; taxonomy ; morphology ; Flora of Western-Europe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Multivariate analysis tools are exploited on a data set composed of quantitative characteristics collected on 35 populations of plants of theDactylorhiza maculata (L.)Soó group from Western-Europe. These samples lead to four well-defined clusters; this, together with qualitative, cytological and ecological arguments, allows for the recognition of four specific entities:D. maculata s.str.,D. fuchsii (Druce)Soó,D. saccifera (Brongn.)Soó andD. caramulensis (Vermeulen)Tyteca. It is concluded that the floral characters play an essential role in the taxonomical distinction. It also appears that the set of characters measured, as well as the methods exploited, are especially well-suited and valuable tools for the morphological study of the genusDactylorhiza.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00942145
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  • 19
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    The morphology, taxonomy and evolution ofRhodocoma (Restionaceae) (1991)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 175 (1991), S. 139-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Restionaceae ; Rhodocoma ; Speciation ; phylogeny ; culm anatomy ; rhizome anatomy ; morphology ; taxonomy ; Flora of Africa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The vegetative and reproductive morphology, culm and rhizome anatomy and seed surface micromorphology ofRhodocoma are described. It is shown that this variation is best contained by recognizing three new species in the genus. These new taxa are described, and the phylogeny of the genus is investigated by cladistic analysis. The environmental parameters and distributions of the species are related to the cladogram. This suggests that the species are at present ecologically separated, and indicates that the speciation may have been sympatric. This is the first support for the hypothesis that sympatric speciation may have been important in the speciose Cape flora.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937843
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  • 20
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    Variation patterns in a leaf beet (Beta vulgaris, Chenopodiaceae) germplasm collection (1991)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 176 (1991), S. 1-10 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Chenopodiaceae ; Beta bulgaris L ; Germplasm collections ; taxonomy ; single linkage cluster analysis ; principal component analysis ; variation patterns
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this study was to contribute to a better understanding of the variation pattern in leaf beets. 42 biennial samples from a total of 74 entries were described by 17 characters. A group of presumably less selected leaf beets (group A) with narrow petioles was separated from more advanced cultivars by single linkage cluster (SLCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). SLCA sorted the more advanced cultivars into two groups (B and C) based on a simply inherited trait, the leaf colour. These two groups could virtually not be discerned by PCA. Group A contained germplasm similar to provar.vulgaris sensuHelm whereas accessions within group B and C did not easily fit into provar.flavescens. It seems that classical taxonomy does not predict the features of leaf beets precisely enough. It is suggested that this problem can be solved by replacing classical taxonomy in the case of leaf beets by a descriptive database.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937941
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  • 21
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    Taxonomy and phylogeny of the tribeInuleae (Asteraceae) (1991)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 176 (1991), S. 75-123 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Inuleae s. str. ; Cladistics ; phylogeny ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The interrelationships of the tribeInuleae s. str. have been analysed with a computerized parsimony program (Hennig 86), using theArctotideae as functional outgroup. The results are illustrated with a cladogram and a strict consensus tree. A detailed character discussion is presented. Descriptions of all genera are supplied with brief notes on distribution, references to chemical investigations, and chromosome numbers. Lists of recognized species are also presented in connection to each genus, respectively. 21 new combinations are made, one new genus,Xerolekia A. Anderb., is described,Mollera is reduced to a synonym ofCalostephane, and the genusDuhaldea is resuscitated.Anisopappus was found to be a paraphyletic basal group in the tribe. The paleate generaAsteriscus, Nauplius, Ighermia, Buphthalmum, andXerolekia form one monophyletic group,Inula and other, similar genera were found to constitute the ancestral complex of thePulicaria group.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937947
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  • 22
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    Taxonomy and phylogeny of the tribePlucheeae (Asteraceae) (1991)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 176 (1991), S. 145-177 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Plucheeae ; Cladistics ; phylogeny ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The tribePlucheeae (Benth.)A. Anderb., has been analysed cladistically by means of a computerized parsimony program (Hennig 86), using theArctotideae as outgroup. The results of the analysis are presented in a consensus tree and one cladogram. Four major monophyletic subgroups can be recognized: TheColeocoma group (3 genera), thePterocaulon group (3 genera), theLaggera group (6 genera), and thePluchea group (12 genera). All recognized genera are described and most genera are supplied with taxonomical notes including comments on their taxonomic status. Genera such asBlumea, Pluchea, andEpaltes are demonstrated to be unnatural assemblages.Monarrhenus andTessaria are both closely related to thePluchea complex. The old generic nameLitogyne Harv. has been taken up for one species ofEpaltes, the genusRhodogeron is reduced to a synonym ofSachsia, and the following new combinations are made;Litogyne gariepina (DC.)A. Anderb., andSachsia coronopifolia (Griseb.)A. Anderb.
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    A taxonomic analysis of seed proteins inPinus spp.(Pinaceae) (1991)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 178 (1991), S. 43-53 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Gymnosperms ; Pinaceae ; Pinus ; Seed proteins ; SDS-PAGE ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seed storage proteins have proved to be a powerful biochemical marker for taxonomic research, but they have not been extensively employed in forest tree studies. In order to improve the understanding of the taxonomy of the genusPinus, total seed proteins of 12 pine species have been analyzed by means of SDS-PAGE (Sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). The results showed the presence, in the genusPinus, of two main sub-taxa, corresponding to the subgeneraHaploxylon andDiploxylon. Differences and affinities between Mediterranean pine species were found in agreement with classification ofKlaus (1989).
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    Nothobartsia, a new genus ofScrophulariaceae from southwest Europe (1992)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 179 (1992), S. 59-71 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Scrophulariaceae ; Rhinanthoideae ; Rhinantheae—Euphrasinae ; Nothobartsia aspera ; N. spicata ; Bartsia ; Odontites ; Euphrasia ; Cladistics ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Recent systematic studies ofBartsia andOdontites showed the necessity to exclude the closely related perennial speciesBartsia aspera (Portugal and northern Morocco) andBartsia spicata (Central Pyrenees) from the genusBartsia as a segregate genus namedNothobartsia. Morphologically this new genus combines characteristic features ofBartsia and ofOdontites. Its autonomous systematic position is supported by the cladistic analysis, showing thatNothobartsia represents a relatively primitive genus standing close to the common ancestral root ofBartsia, Euphrasia, andOdontites.
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    A reappraisal ofPelargonium sect.Ligularia (Geraniaceae) (1992)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 179 (1992), S. 257-276 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Geraniaceae ; Pelargonium ; Chromosome numbers ; karyotypes ; hybridization ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A study of 33 species ofPelargonium sect.Ligularia reveals four basic chromosome numbers, x = 8, 9, 10, and 11, and variation in chromosome size. From evidence of karyology and hybridization attempts, proposals are made to divide the section into smaller groups and to transfer some species to other sections.
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    Chloroplast DNA analysis of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and related species for their taxonomic affinity (1991)
    Springer
    Euphytica 55 (1991), S. 21-26 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Eggplant ; non-tuberous Solanum ; chloroplast DNA ; taxonomy ; species relationship
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Total chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) from Solanum incanum, a wild relative of eggplant, was used to probe total DNA of Solanum melongena (eggplant). The DNA fragments detected were the same as observed using purified chloroplast DNA. Chloroplast DNAs were also analysed for nine species of Solanum that are cross-compatible with eggplant: S. aethiopicum, S. anguivi, S. gilo, S. incanum, S. indicum, S. integrifolium, S. macrocarpon, S. olivare and S. panduriforme. Restriction fragments generated by eight enzymes were recorded as present or absent, and a matrix for all fragment positions, species and enzymes was used for cluster analysis. In the resulting dendrogram, the species tested formed three distinct groups: (1) S. aethiopicum, S. anguivi, S. gilo, S. indicum, S. integrifolium and S. olivare, (2) S. incanum, S. melongena and S. panduriforme, (3) S. macrocarpon. Six species of the first group belonging to section Oliganthes appears more closely related to the second group members belonging to section Melongena than does S. macrocarpon, which also belongs to section Melongena. Within the second group, S. panduriforme is slightly more like eggplant than is S. incanum.
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    Determination of genetic variation and taxonomy in lentil (Lens Miller) species by chloroplast DNA polymorphism (1991)
    Springer
    Euphytica 56 (1991), S. 213-218 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: chloroplast DNA ; Lens ; polymorphism ; restriction fragments ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Chloroplast DNA restriction fragment lenght polymorphisms (RFLP) were used to examine the taxonomic relationships of cultivated and wild lentil (Lens Miller) species and identify the extent of genetic variation in this genus. Twelve accessions representing all Lens subspecies were digested with four hexanucleotide-recognizing restriction endonucleases. These digests randomly surveyed 540 base pairs, or 0.4% of the approximately 125 kilobase lentil chloroplast genome. A high degree of gragment length conservation was seen among members of crossability group I, i.e., L. c. ssp. culinaris, L. c. ssp. orientalis and L. c. ssp. odemensis. Accessions of the two subspecies comprising crossability group II, i.e., L. n. ssp. nigricans and L. n. ssp. ervoides, showed the greatest amount of variation when compared to the cultivated lentil, L. c. ssp. culinaris. Limited variation was observed within subspecies except for L. n. ssp. nigricans, where accessions of the normal cytotype were highly polymorphic to those of the differentiated cytotype. Chloroplast DNA RFLPs reaffirm hypotheses that propose L. c. ssp. orientalis as the progenitor to the cultivated lentil. The implications of this study on taxonomy and genetic resources is also discussed.
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    Identification of Vigna spp. through specific seed storage polypeptides (1992)
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    Euphytica 62 (1992), S. 39-43 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Vigna spp. ; identification ; specific bands ; globulins ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Seed globulins of ten Vigna species were separated by means of SDS electrophoresis. Both inter and intraspecific variation were observed. Groups of specific bands which do not vary in the species being present in all the accessions of the species were identified. These species-specific bands, allow the identification of the 10 Vigna spp. analyzed.
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    TheAnabaena-Azolla symbiosis: Diversity and relatedness of neotropical host taxa (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 137 (1991), S. 167-170 
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    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: azolla ; DNA polymorphisms ; isoenzymes ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract TheAnabaena-Azolla association has proved to be an effective biofertilizer in tropical regions of wetland rice production. Three neotropical host species,A. microphylla, A. caroliniana, andA. mexicana, are similar in vegetative morphology (growth habits, frond dimensions, trichome cell number) and ecophysiology (relative heat tolerance). They were observed during our investigation to also be genetically alike and distinct from other taxa.
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    Freshwater snails of São Tomé, with special reference to Bulinus forskalii (Ehrenberg), host of Schistosoma intercalatum (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 209 (1991), S. 141-153 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Bulinus ; Schistosoma intercalatum ; Africa ; São Tomé ; taxonomy ; schistosomiasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract São Tomé Island has 3 known taxa of freshwater gastropod, here identified to species for the first time; Neritina afra Sowerby, Ferrissia eburnensis Binder and a distinctive form of Bulinus forskalii (Ehrenberg). The Bulinus acts as intermediate host for the parasite Schistosoma intercalatum Fisher, the cause of human schistosomiasis in foci of infection detected in recent years on São Tomé. A morphological characterization of this snail is presented, in respect of the shell, radula and copulatory organ. It is compared with B. forskalii populations sampled on the African mainland (Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon and Angola) and with related taxa. Despite differences in the shell from the commonly found form of B. forskalii it seems appropriate to identify the São Tomé population as an extreme conchological variant of this taxon.
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    Anuraeopsis miraclei, a new planktonic rotifer species in karstic lakes of Spain (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 209 (1991), S. 169-173 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Anuraeopsis ; taxonomy ; morphology ; Weber's organ ; stratified karstic lakes ; chemocline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two taxa of Anuraeopsis, A. fissa fissa (Gosse, 1851) and A. miraclei nov. spec. occur in meromictic and stratified karstic lakes in Spain. They coexist, but may also live separated in different strata with A. miraclei restricted to a zone near the chemocline, characterized by low temperatures and low oxygen concentrations. The two Anuraeopsis species differ from each other in size, shape, structure and thickness of the lorica, size of the trophi elements, shape of Weber's organ, and egg-structure.
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    Branchipus cortesi n. sp.: a new anostracan from western Spain (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 212 (1991), S. 221-230 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Anostraca ; taxonomy ; biogeography ; ecology ; Branchipus ; Spain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Branchipus cortesi, n. sp. (Anostraca, Branchipodidae) is characterized by the broadly enlarged distal segments of male antenna 2, and a combination of morphological features concerning thoracic limbs, abdominal segments and egg morphology. The species occurs in temporary fresh water bodies in flatlands with temperate Mediterranean climate; it is distributed in the south-western part of Spain. Our study includes a morphological analysis using optical and scanning electronic microscopes. Questions about ecology and distribution of the new species are also discussed.
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    The fairy shrimp Chirocephalus brevipalpis (Orghidan, 1953), (Crustacea: Anostraca) in Yugoslavia (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 212 (1991), S. 261-266 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Anostraca ; taxonomy ; zoogeography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The fairy shrimp Chirocephalus brevipalpis (Orghidan, 1953) has been found in the Srem-district, Northern Yugoslavia, at the southern margin of the Pannonian lowland. It is the second record of the species, which had been reported only from Banat province, Romania. Since the specimens from Yugoslavia show some morphological differences with the typical form, a detailed description and illustration of essential taxonomic features in each sex are presented. The specific characters of the population of Srem are not sufficient to establish a new species, and fall within the intraspecific variability of Chirocephalus brevipalpis.
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    A new species of Ilyocryptus (Anomopoda: Macrothricidae) from Argentina (1992)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 231 (1992), S. 141-151 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cladocera ; Anomopoda ; new species ; taxonomy ; Neotropis ; Argentina
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract I. elegans n.sp. from the Parana River, northeastern Argentina is proposed and its morphological features are compared with those of the apparently related I. agilis. Its outstanding characteristics are the long 2rd to 5th setae of ventral margin of the valves, the rudimentary nature of defensive setae, the low number of spines in the preanal lobe of postabdomen and the unequality of the length of the setae in the outer distal lobe of first trunk limbs. Finding of this new species suggests that I. agilis would be a complex of species and its records should be revised.
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    Intrageneric differences in cystocarp structure in Gelidium and Pterocladia (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 221 (1991), S. 1-17 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: cystocarps ; Gelidium ; morphological variability ; Pterocladia ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Unilocular cystocarps, with ostioles opening to one frond surface, have traditionally distinguished Pterocladia from Gelidium, described as having bilocular cystocarps, with ostioles opening to both surfaces; however, unequally developed locules have been described in Pterocladia and differences in cystocarpic architecture between Pterocladia capillacea and the type species of the genus, P. lucida, have been recently found. As heterogeneity in cystocarp architecture raises questions of basic intergeneric distinction, a survey of reproductive morphology of species in both genera is presented in this study. Six morphologically-different types of cystocarps are distinguished among the five species of Pterocladia and the seven species of Gelidium examined.
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    Review of Iberian Cladocera with remarks on ecology and biogeography (1991)
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    Hydrobiologia 225 (1991), S. 37-43 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Iberian Cladocera ; taxonomy ; ecology ; biogeography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A checklist of 88 freshwater Cladocera from the Iberian Peninsula is given, based on the examination of approximately 1500 samples collected from all parts of the peninsula from 1976 to 1989. Ecology and species assemblages are considered. Distribution of the species versus regional limnology of the Iberian Peninsula is discussed.
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    On the presence of the genus Branchinecta Verrill, 1869 (Crustacea, Anostraca) in Yugoslavia (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 226 (1991), S. 17-27 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Branchinecta ; Anostraca ; taxonomy ; zoogeography ; Yugoslavia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genus Branchinecta Verrill, 1869 is represented in Yugoslavia by two species: Branchinecta ferox (Milne-Edwards, 1840) and Branchinecta orientalis G.O. Sars, 1901. The first species was collected in the steppe-like province of Banat, Pannonian Lowland, and in the lowland around the Skadar Lake, Montenegro, the second only in the province of Banat. On the basis of rich material of both species, a detailed study of the most essential morphological characters has been carried out and comparisons have been made with data in the literature. In B. ferox, significant morphological deviations are not found, whereas, in B. orientalis, essential features are clearly ascertained which were previously unknown or were not stated with sufficient precision. B. ferox is known to appear in small, temporary, natronsoda water rainpools, while B. orientalis has been found in a large temporary inundation pool with a high content of natronsoda and salt in the water.
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    A new species of Halicyclops (Copepoda, Cyclopidae) from California, and a revision of some Halicyclops material in the collections of the US Museum of Natural History (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 226 (1991), S. 29-37 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: taxonomy ; Copepoda Cyclopoida ; animal distribution ; Pacific Fauna ; Brackish water crustaceans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Halicyclops hurlberti, a new species of cyclopoid copepod, is described from San Diego, California. Specimens identified by C.D. Marsh as H. aequoreus kept in the US Museum of Natural History were checked and placed in the species H. cf. clarkei Herbst and H. fosteri M. S. Wilson. The description of these two species is being emended.
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    Alona sketi sp.n. (Cladocera:Chydoridae), the second cave-inhabiting Cladoceran from former Yugoslavia (1992)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 248 (1992), S. 105-114 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cladocera ; Chydoridae ; taxonomy ; hypogean waters ; Yugoslavia ; Slovenia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Alona sketi sp.n. is the second blind cave-dwelling cladoceran from Yugoslavia. It has been found only in some lakelets in a cave in the SW Slovenia (Yugoslavia). The new taxon is related to A. hercegovinae Brancelj, 1990 from Hercegovina, but both differ markedly. The stygobiotic nature of the new taxon is supported by a reduced and depigmented eye apparatus, no signs of malnutrition in a habitat poor in organic material, trunk limbs with modified setae and scrapers to increase ability for food gathering, and an exclusively stygobiotic accompanying fauna.
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    The unique headpore of Monospilus dispar (Cladocera, Chydoridae) is not lonesome: new record of minute lateral pores (1992)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 232 (1992), S. 145-148 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: headshield ; phylogeny ; SEM ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The headshield of Monospilus dispar (Cladocera, Chydoridae, Aloninae) was characterized by the presence of a unique headpore. Scanning Electron Microscopy shows the occurrence of minute pores close to the main headpore. The intimate structure of the main headpore is formed by concentric lamellae. This new information leads to new considerations about phylogeny.
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    Actual state of gammaridean amphipoda taxonomy and catalogue of species from Chile (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 223 (1991), S. 47-68 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Chile ; amphipoda ; gammaridea ; taxonomy ; catalogue
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The taxonomy of gammaridean amphipods is poorly known in Chile. The lack of literature has discouraged investigation of this group, which has been overlooked for years. This has led to the exclusion of amphipods from biological and ecological studies done in our country. I present here a preliminary report on the actual state of the group with reference mainly to its taxonomy, ecological studies and a species catalogue. I have only included species from continental Chile north of 56 °S, Juan Fernandez Archipelago and Isla de Pascua. Species from Chilean Subantarctic and Antarctic waters are excluded, because they are well covered by other authors. There are 168 known for Chile, 36 of them undescribed or with their status not clear. This report is based on a revision of the species recorded for Chile, analysis of samples from the Chilean coast and the work of ecologists who are using the group as material for study.
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    Differentiation of North American and European forms of Fredericella sultana (Blumenbach) (Ectoprocta: Phylactolaemata) (1992)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 237 (1992), S. 185-193 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Bryozoa ; Ectoprocta ; Phylactolaemata ; Fredericella ; taxonomy ; karyotype ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fredericella sultana (Blumenbach, 1779) has long been considered one of the few freshwater bryozoan species with a truly cosmopolitan distribution. However, chromosome spreads from European material show 2n = 16 compared to 2n = 14 in North American specimens. In laboratory rearing the two forms are morphologically indistinguishable except for the surface texture of their statoblasts. Smooth statoblasts of European colonies match early illustrations of the species, while the densely pitted statoblasts of the North American form resemble those of F. indica Annandale 1909. On the basis of these observations we tentatively designate the North American ‘F. sultana’ as F. indica. The only known American species with smooth statoblasts is F. australiensis Goddard 1909, in which the 2n = 16 karyotype is similar or identical to European F. sultana; however, despite this karyotypic similarity the two species retain their distinguishing morphology when reared together in the laboratory. Two enzymes from a single specimen of European F. sultana were electrophoretically distinct from the corresponding enzymes present in samples of both F. australiensis and North American ‘F. sultana’. Four phosphoglucose isomerase alleles were present in North American ‘F. aultana’ from four geographically separated collection sites, although only one genotype for this locus was observed in material from any one site. These genetic findings are consistent with a relatively short-range dispersal potential in this species as compared to Plumatella species.
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    Freshwater snails of East Caprivi and the lower Okavango River Basin in Namibia and Botswana (1992)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 246 (1992), S. 9-40 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Mollusca ; Gastropoda ; freshwater snails ; taxonomy ; distribution ; Africa ; Namibia ; Botswana ; Okavango River
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A systematic account is given of the aquatic gastropod fauna of the lower Okavango River in Namibia and Botswana, and of the East Caprivi area in Namibia, based on collections made mostly in 1983–86 from about 100 different sites. A total of 20 living species are reported, 9 of them for the first time from this area: Bellamya monardi, Lobogenes michaelis, Cleopatra elata, Afrogyrus coretus, Segmentorbis angustus, S. kanisaensis, Bulinus scalaris, B. depressus and B. tropicus. All are found outside this area and most are widely distributed Afrotropical species. Some do not occur farther south than the Okavango Delta, while others reach a south-western limit here but occur at greater latitude in the eastern tropical corridor on the coast of Natal. Bulinus globosus and Biomphalaria pfeifferi occur throughout the study area and are intermediate hosts for schistosome parasites of man and livestock.
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    Karyological and taxonomic studies of Dugesia japonica from the Southwest Islands of Japan-II (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 227 (1991), S. 157-162 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; Dugesia ; karyology ; taxonomy ; Japan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The karyotypes of Dugesia japonica from the southern part of the Southwest Islands of Japan (the Nansei Shotô) include diploidy, triploidy, mixoploidy, and mixoaneuploidy. Animals having karyotypes based on n = 8 were found on Okinawa Island, Ishigaki Island, Iriomote Island, and Yonaguni Island, while animals having karyotypes based on n = 7 were found on Okinawa Island, Miyako Island, and Ishigaki Island. Toward the northern end of this island chain, at Tanegashima Island, Yakushima Island, and Amami-Ôshima Island, karyotypes based on n = 8 occurred; and on one of these, Tanegashima Island, n = 7 also occurred. Our data provide further support of the karyotypical distinction between the two subspecies of D. japonica: D. j. japonica has karyotypes based on n = 8 and D. j. ryukyuensis has karyotypes based on n = 7. Taking into consideration the geological history of the Southwest Islands and the ties of their faunas to those of adjacent areas, we can explain the current geographical distribution of the two subspecies in these islands as the result of two separate invasions by D. japonica, one in the Miocene and one after the early Quaternary.
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    Methods for taxonomic and distributional studies of terrestrial flatworms (Tricladida: Terricola) (1991)
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    Hydrobiologia 227 (1991), S. 349-352 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Tricladida ; Terricola ; taxonomy ; methodology ; microtechnique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Traditionally used methods for collecting and preserving terrestrial flatworms have proved deficient in various respects. Comparison of methods for preparing these animals for taxonomic study has shown that preservation of morphological characters can best be achieved using formaldehyde-calcium-cobalt fixative and subsequent storage in an aqueous solution of propylene phenoxetol plus propylene glycol and that the best-lasting histological preparations make use of light-fast, oxidation-resistant dyes and synthetic mounting media with an anti-oxidant.
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    An analysis of recent taxonomic concepts in wild potatoes (Solarium sect. Petota) (1992)
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    Genetic resources and crop evolution 39 (1992), S. 23-37 
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    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: germplasm ; potato ; Solanum sect. Petota ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Solanum L. sect. Petota Dumort., the potato and its wild relatives, contains 232 species, according to the latest taxonomic interpretation of Hawkes (1990). Section Petota is distributed in the Americas from the southwestern United States to southern Chile. This economically important group has attracted the attention of numerous taxonomists with various taxonomic philosophies. There are 531 validly published basionyms in the group, plus 67 nomina nuda or nomina dubia, and subsequent transfers to other ranks raise the number of names to 664. The taxonomy of sect. Petota has been dominated in recent years by J. G. Hawkes & J. P. Hjerting (co-workers) and C. M. Ochoa. The near simultaneous and independent publication of three recent books by these workers, treating the Bolivian species of sect. Petota, provides a novel opportunity to compare their taxonomic philosophies. Additionally, a recent independent treatment of all of the South American species by L. E. Gorbatenko provides a new interpretation of affiliations of species to series that is compared to the recent treatment of Hawkes and earlier treatments of S. M. Bukasov and D. S. Correll. These treatments differ in the placement of species into series, species boundaries, rank of infraspecific taxa, and hypotheses of hybridization. Our analysis illustrates the wide differences of taxonomic interpretation possible when independent workers treat the same material. The comparison provides insights into unresolved taxonomic questions in sect. Petota and indicates the need for a practical taxonomic resolution that will benefit plant breeders and other researchers on wild potatoes. Reasons for the discrepancies are discussed and suggestions for future research are provided.
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    Nematocysts of sea anemones (Actiniaria, Ceriantharia and Corallimorpharia: Cnidaria): nomenclature (1991)
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    Hydrobiologia 216-217 (1991), S. 691-697 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: nematocysts ; sea anemones ; Anthozoa ; taxonomy ; identification ; nomenclature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A brief historical review of nematocyst terminology is given and three nomenclatural problems are discussed. It is proposed to combine the terms initiated by Weill (1934) with those of Schmidt (1969). A new mesobasic grade, intermediate between microbasic and macrobasic is proposed for amastigophores and p-mastigophores possessing a short Faltstück. A more liberal interpretation of Weill's (1934) terminology for nematocysts than that proposed by Cutress (1955) is suggested in respect of microbasic amastigophores and p-mastigophores. Basitrichs and b-mastigophores continue to be recognized as separate categories.
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    A new freshwater heteronemertean from the Zhujiang (Pearl River), People's Republic of China (1991)
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    Hydrobiologia 220 (1991), S. 167-178 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: heteronemertea ; freshwater ; Pearl River ; taxonomy ; Amniclineus zhujiangensis gen. et sp. nov.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new genus and species of freshwater heteronemertean, Amniclineus zhujiangensis, from the Zhujiang (Pearl River), People's Republic of China, is described and illustrated. The species is placed in the family Lineidae along with the existing freshwater heteronemertean taxa, with which its anatomy is compared.
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    Additional cladoceran records for Mantecal and new for Venezuela (1991)
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    Hydrobiologia 225 (1991), S. 45-62 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cladocera ; taxonomy ; distribution ; Venezuela
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 24 cladoceran species were found in collections from several fresh waterbodies, including environmental samples and gut contents of small micro-characid fishes from Mantecal (Apure state). Nine of these were new records for Venezuela and 18 for the Mantecal area. Brief descriptions of locations and species, including range-distribution, are given.
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    The genus Diaphanosoma (Ctenopoda: Sididae) in Spain (1991)
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    Hydrobiologia 225 (1991), S. 23-35 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: cladocera ; Diaphanosoma ; biogeography ; taxonomy ; ecology ; Spain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract During a 1987–88 extensive limnological study of Spanish reservoirs, euplanktonic cladocerans were sampled all around the country. Two species of Diaphanosoma Fischer, 1850 were recorded, viz D. mongolianum Uéno, 1938 and D. brachyurum (Liévin, 1848). Morphological descriptions of both species are presented, especially of the thoracic limbs, together with notes on their ecology. Both species present a clear allopatric distribution, D. brachyurum inhabiting waters with a low Total Dissolved Salt (TDS) content, which equilibrated relative ionic composition, characteristic of a narrow strip in the northern part of the Iberian Peninsula; on the contrary, D. mongolianum inhabits waters with high TDS values and high content of sulphate or chloride, characteristic of the central and southern regions.
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    A comparison of populations from the Daphnia similis group (Cladocera: Daphniidae) (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 225 (1991), S. 9-22 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Crustacea ; Cladocera ; Daphniidae ; Daphnia ; Ctenodaphnia ; taxonomy ; biology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract European populations of Daphnia similis Claus have been compared with populations from tropical Asia. Daphnia similoides n. sp. from tropical Asia was described as the sibling species of D. similis. The female has characteristic neonate, postabdomen, head, and ephippium. The male has characteristic rostrum, antennules, and the distalmost part of the postabdomen. The D. similis group was compared with D. carinata s. str. Australian populations.
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    Karyology of four land-planarian species of the genus Bipalium from Japan (1991)
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    Hydrobiologia 227 (1991), S. 163-167 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; Bipalium ; karyology ; taxonomy ; Japan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have employed a new scale for characterizing chromosomal forms in the karyotypes of four species of Bipalium from five localities in Japan. Specimens of Bipalium nobile Kawakatsu et Makino, 1982, from Yokohama had a diploid chromosome number of 2x = 10 (2m + 2sm + 2sm + st & sm + 2sm); specimens of the same species from Toyonaka had this number as well but with slightly different chromosomal form (2m + 2sm + sm & st + 2st + m & sm). An undescribed species from Sanjô, Bipalium sp. 2, with two dorsal stripes and a yellow head crescent, had 2x = 10 (2m + 2sm + 2sm + 2sm + 2m); and another undescribed species from Chichijima Island, Bipalium sp. 3, with five dorsal stripes, had 2x = 10 (2m + 2sm + 2sm + 2sm + 2m). A non-sexual bipaliid tentatively identified as Bipalium kewense Moseley, 1878, from Chichijima Island had 2x = 18 (2m + 2m + 2m + 2sm + 2st + 2sm + 2sm + 2sm + 2sm).
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    Septal micropores in Zygozyma and their taxonomic significance (1991)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 59 (1991), S. 77-80 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Lipomycetaceae ; micropores ; taxonomy ; yeasts ; Zygozyma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Septal micropores or plasmadesmal canals have been observed in two species of the lipomycetaceous genus Zygozyma. The presence of these canals is considered as further evidence for the connexion between the Lipomycetaceae and the Dipodascaceae. The genus Zygozyma has been emended.
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    Cryptococcus yarrowii sp. nov., a novel yeast species from Portugal (1991)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 59 (1991), S. 177-181 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Cryptococcus yarrowii ; yeasts ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A novel species of the basidiomycetous genusCryptococcus is described asCr. yarrowii based on the study of an isolate from a decayed mushroom collected in Portugal. DNA-DNA homology with the type strain of the phenotypically similar speciesCr. albidus was 10±2%.
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    Fellomyces horovitziae sp. nov., a new basidiomycetous yeast species isolated from aXenasmatella basidiocarp (1991)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 59 (1991), S. 293-298 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Fellomyces horovitziae ; basidiomycetous yeasts ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new species of the genusFellomyces, F. horovitziae, was isolated from aXenasmatella basidiocarp. It differs from other accepted species in its carbon assimilation pattern, mol% G+C and low DNA-DNA homology. The delimiting characters are discussed and a key to the genus is provided.
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    Karyology and hyphal characters as taxonomic criteria in Ascomycetous black yeasts and related fungi (1991)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 60 (1991), S. 35-42 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: black yeasts ; Aureobasidium ; Hormonema ; Hortaea ; Ramichloridium ; Zasmidium ; karyology ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mycelial development of seventy-three strains of black yeasts and related fungi were studied, and numbers of nuclei per hyphal cell were counted. Two main patterns were apparent in expanding hyphae, viz. (1) uninucleate expanding hyphal cells, septum formation strictly following mitosis, and (2) multinucleate, branched, aseptate hyphal tips, septa being formed in a later stage, leading to oligo- or uninucleate mature cells. Characteristic genera in the two groups areExophiala andAureobasidium, respectively. InZasmidium and in someRamichloridium species all mycelial cells are oligonucleate. The character is indicative for relationships at the family level in black yeasts.
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    Genetic identification of naturalSaccharomyces sensu stricto yeasts from Finland, Holland and Slovakia (1992)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 61 (1992), S. 237-243 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: electrophoretic karyotyping ; genetics ; Saccharomyces bayanus ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Saccharomyces paradoxus ; taxonomy ; yeast ecology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genetic and karyotypic studies of naturalSaccharomyces sensu stricto yeasts from Finland, Holland and Slovakia revealed three wild sibling-species:Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccaromyces bayanus andSaccharomyces paradoxus.
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    Kluyveromyces piceae sp. nov., a new yeast species isolated from the rhizosphere ofPicea abies (L.) Karst (1992)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 62 (1992), S. 239-244 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Kluyveromyces piceae ; yeasts ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two strains of an undescribed species of the genusKluyveromyces were recovered from the rhizosphere of spruce. A description of the new species,Kluyveromyces piceae, is given and its classification on basis of ascospore shape, substrate utilization, G + C-content, DNA-DNA-reassociation data and habitat specifity is discussed.
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    Myxozyma neotropica sp. nov. (Candidaceae) — a new yeast species from costa rica (1992)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 62 (1992), S. 261-265 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Myxozyma neotropica ; Candidaceae ; yeasts ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two strains of an undescribed, soil-born species of the genusMyxozyma were recovered. They differ from other accepted species of this genus in their carbon assimilation pattern, mol% G+C and low extent of DNA complementary. A description of the new species,Myxozyma neotropica, and a key to the species accepted in the genus are given.
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    Neotypification of the genusTrichosporon (1992)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 61 (1992), S. 285-288 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Trichosporon ; basidiomycetous yeasts ; nomenclature ; taxonomy ; white piedra ; medical mycology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The currently accepted type species of the genusTrichosporon Behrend isT. beigelii. This species has formerly been regarded as identical toT. cutaneum. However, these fungi are now known to represent separate species with different ecology. The first species described inTrichosporon wasT. ovoides, an agent of human white piedra. A neotype strain is designated for this species, while a lectotype strain is indicated forT. cutaneum. The nameT. beigelii is considered as doubtful and consequently cannot be maintained.
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    Occurrence and taxonomic aspects of proton movements coupled to sugar transport in the yeast genusKluyveromyces (1991)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 59 (1991), S. 199-206 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: yeast ; systematics ; taxonomy ; proton symport ; sugar
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The occurrence of proton symport mechanisms for the transport of glucose, galactose, fructose, raffinose and sucrose in 21 yeast strains representing the species of the genusKluyveromyces was surveyed. Proton symport of one or more sugars occurred in 57% of the strains. Similarly, all the sugars investigated were transported by symports by several strains. Symport systems for non-utilisable sugars were rare. Starvation of cells frequently resulted in the appearance of a symport absent in non-starved glucose-grown cells, indicating that repression of proton symports by glucose and subsequent derepression by starvation is a general phenomenon in members ofKluyveromyces. The addition of a sugar to cell suspensions resulted in acidification in 80% of cases, indicating the activity of a membrane-bound ATPase. Acidification was also observed with a number of sugars that cannot be utilised by the particular species. Interesting correlations between the number of proton symports and the abundance of other phenotypic characteristics in members of the genus emerged. Most members of the infertile group of species showing an increase in the number of small chromosomes, inability to produce well-developed pseudomycelium, linoleic and linolenic acid, a decrease in the number of carbon compounds utilised and inability to utilise ethylamine also had no proton symports, whereas most members of the interfertile species produced one or more proton symports. It was concluded that the distribution of the number of proton symports amongstKluyveromyces species coincided with that of other positive characteristics and may therefore be of taxonomic value.
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    Assignment ofKluyveromyces cellobiovorus nomen nudum toCandida intermedia (Ciferri & Ashford) Langeron et Guerra (1992)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 61 (1992), S. 57-60 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: yeast ; Candida intermedia ; Kluyveromyces cellobiovorus ; taxonomy ; nDNA reassociation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A yeast culture isolated in Japan from soil and invalidly described asKluyveromyces cellobiovorus nom. nud. DBVPG 6286 (CBS 7153) was compared for its physiological and morphological properties and by nDNA-nDNA reassociation experiments with the type strains of several species of the genusKluyveromyces as well as of variousCandida species exhibiting similar phenotypic profiles. DBVPG 6286 was found to be conspecific with the type strain ofCandida intermedia (Ciferri & Ashford) Langeron et Guerra (1938).
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    The application of whole-cell protein electrophoresis for the classification and identification of basidiomycetous yeast species (1992)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 61 (1992), S. 69-78 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: basidiomycetous yeasts ; protein electrophoregrams ; identification ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The relationships among 65 basidiomycetous yeast strains were determined by one-dimensional electrophoresis of SDS-solubilized whole-cell proteins. Protein profiles were compared by the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (r). The strains investigated represented species from the generaCystofilobasidium, Filobasidium, Filobasidiella, Kondoa, Leucosporidium, Mrakia andRhodosporidium. Except for the genusMrakia, all species constituted separate protein electrophoretic clusters. The species of the genusMrakia (M. frigida, M. gelida, M. nivalis andM. stokesii) show highly similar protein patterns, suggesting that these four species may be synonymous. Strains of two varieties ofFilobasidiella neoformans, F. neoformans var.neoformans andF. neoformans var.bacillispora, could not be differentiated by protein electrophoresis. For the delineation of the protein electrophoretic clusters of the yeasts studied, literature data relying on other criteria, such as DNA base composition, carbon source utilization patterns, enzymatic protein electrophoregrams, ubiquinone systems, DNA-DNA homology and rRNA sequence data were used. It was demonstrated that a database of SDS-protein patterns provides a valuable tool for the identification of yeasts.
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    Systematics of theLactobacillus population on rat intestinal mucosa with special reference toLactobacillus reuteri (1992)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 61 (1992), S. 175-183 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: taxonomy ; Lactobacillus ; rat ; intestine ; mucosa ; L. reuteri
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The systematics of theLactobacillus population of the intestines of 88 different rats was studied; 80 rats had been fed on fermented oat-meal soup (Molin et al. 1992). One-hundred-twenty-twoLactobacillus strains from the intestinal mucosa were phenotypically classified together with twenty-eight reference strains ofLactobacillus andLeuconostoc, using 49 unit characters. Data were examined using Jaccard coefficient, and unweighted pair group algorithm with arithmetic averages. Two major and eleven minor clusters were defined at the 76% SJ-similarity level: Cluster 1 included thirty isolates which could not be identified further, but had resemblance to the type strains ofL. jensenii, L. gasseri, L. crispatus, and to some extent toL. acidophilus. Cluster 12 including fifty-four intestinal isolates was identified asL. reuteri; and so was cluster 13 (five isolates). Isolates of the major clusters were found in all parts of the intestines. The genomic homogeneity of theL. reuteri isolates was scrutinized by endonuclease restriction analysis of the chromosomal DNA, and the isolates could be divided into six genomic strains.
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    The variation of Halocordyle disticha (Cnidaria, Athecata) from the Brazilian coast: an environmental indicator species? (1991)
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    Hydrobiologia 216-217 (1991), S. 437-442 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cnidaria ; Halocordyle ; indicator species ; taxonomy ; Brazil ; intraspecific variation ; phenotypic response ; cnidome ; biometrics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The rediscovery of Halocardyle fragilis Vannucci, of which the type material is lost, led us to consider it a variety of Halocardyle disticha (Goldfuss) that occurs in calm waters on soft bottoms. The typical H. disticha is open feather-shaped, with branching in one plane, while H. fragilis is bushy, much larger, with branching in many planes. The different habit of H. disticha is probably due to environmental conditions. The bushy and pinnate forms are considered extremes of a range of morphological variation.
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    A jellyfish-eating sea anemone (Cnidaria, Actiniaria) from Palau: Entacmaea medusivora sp. nov. (1991)
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    Hydrobiologia 216-217 (1991), S. 453-461 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Actiniidae ; planulae ; taxonomy ; zooxanthellae ; diet ; feeding ; predation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Entacmaea medusivora sp. nov., a member of the family Actiniidae, inhabits Jellyfish Lake in Palau, western Caroline Islands, and eats the rhizostome jellyfish Mastigias papua. The anemone is azooxanthellate, despite its jellyfish prey containing symbiotic algae. Well fed anemones released ciliated planula-like larvae in the laboratory when maintained at more than 30 °C. It could not be determined whether the larvae, which usually settled around the parent within 24 h of release, were produced sexually or asexually.
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    Morphological differences between, and reproductive isolation of, two populations of the jellyfish Cyanea in Long Island Sound, USA (1991)
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    Hydrobiologia 216-217 (1991), S. 471-477 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Scyphozoa ; Cyanea ; speciation ; biogeography ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two populations of Cyanea, one in the Niantic River estuary and the other in the adjacent Niantic Bay portion of Long Island Sound, were studied for more than a decade. The estuary and the bay are connected by a narrow channel: this and hydrographic features constrain transport between them. Specimens from each site exhibit morphological and seasonal differences comparable to those which distinguish C. capillata from C. lamarckii in European waters. Reproducing River medusae never cooccurred with reproducing Bay medusae. Estuarine jellyfish are sometimes found in the Bay, but reproducing individuals have not been seen there. Reproductively mature Bay jellyfish occasionally appear in the River, but benthic samples show that they do not deposit planulae at this site and thus do not contribute to the next generation of medusae in the River. Such differences suggest an absence of gene flow between these two populations, indicating that the River medusae and Bay medusae might be separate species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026501
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    Morphogeographic variations in the genusMesopodopsis Czerniavsky with descriptions of three new species (Crustacea, Mysidacea) (1992)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 241 (1992), S. 71-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: taxonomy ; biogeography ; euryhaline species ; mysids ; Mesopodopsis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Most of the exceptional morphological features of the genusMesopodopsis are shared withNanomysis, Diamysis, andLimnomysis in a mosaic-like pattern. This group, comprising euryhaline species from fresh-to metahaline waters, has its centre of recent species richness in the Mediterranean to Ponto-Caspian region. Within the genus one may distinguish two morphogeographic groups, Euro-African species with a spine below the statocyst, and Indo-Australasian species without this spine. Detailed study from the entire distribution range indicates thatM. slabberi (van Beneden) should be split into 4 species: the nominal form from the NE-Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Black Sea, with 5–8 segments on the tarsus of the fourth thoracic endopod;M. aegyptia n.sp., widely distributed in the Mediterranean, with 7–9 segments on this tarsus as well as dimorphic setation patterns on the eighth tarsus;M. tropicalis n.sp. from equatorial W-Africa with 5–6 segments and dimorphic setation patterns on the mandibular palp; andM. wooldridgei n.sp. from South African waters with 9–12 segments on the tarsal joint of the fourth thoracic appendage, respectively. A key to the seven known species of the genus is given.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00008261
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    Rotifera from north and northeast Anatolia (Turkey) (1992)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 245 (1992), S. 179-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: rotifera ; zoogeography ; Turkey ; taxonomy ; L. costatoides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Samples from 21 freshwater sites in Turkey yielded 91 different species of Rotifera, 42 of which are new to the Turkish fauna. Lepadella costatoides n. sp. is described and L. costata Wulfert is redescribed. L. christineae Koste is synonymised with L. quinquecostata (Lucks). Remarks on the intraspecific variability of some species of Lecane are given. L. pomiformis Edmondson is added to the synonymy of L. pyriformis (Daday). The synonymy of the latter with L. paraclosterocerca Pennak is confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00006159
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  • 70
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    Six new species of the genus Diplopeltula (Nematoda: Diplopeltidae) with remarks on the heterogeneity of the taxon (1992)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 230 (1992), S. 165-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: marine nematodes ; Diplopeltula ; Diplopeltidae ; taxonomy ; new species
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Six new Diplopeltula species are described: D. pulchra sp.n., D. belgica sp.n., D. striolata sp.n. and D. curta sp.n. (Southern Bight of the North Sea), D. nellyae sp.n. and S. pumila sp.n. (New Caledonia). Diplopeltula indica Gerlach, 1962 is redescribed from Guadeloupe (FWI). Based on the examination of these seven Diplopeltula species, the genus has been reappraised. The systematic position of the other genera of the Diplopeltidae Filipjev, 1918 is also discussed. Diplopeltoides Gerlach, 1962 is moved from the Aegialoalaimidae Lorenzen, 1981 to the Diplopeltidae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036563
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  • 71
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    Insect resistance in potatoes: sources, evolutionary relationships, morphological and chemical defenses, and ecogeographical associations (1992)
    Springer
    Euphytica 61 (1992), S. 83-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: chemical defense ; Colorado potato beetle ; Empoasca fabae ; Epitrix cucumeris ; evolution ; germplasm ; green peach aphid ; insect resistance ; Leptinotarsa decemlineata ; Macrosiphum euphorbiae ; morphology ; Myzus persicae ; potato aphid ; potato flea beetle ; potato leafhopper ; relationship ; Solanum ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The past 25 years, 1686 potato accessions, representing 100 species in the genus Solanum L., subgenus Potatoe, section Petota, were evaluated for field resistance to one or more of the following insect pests: green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer); potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas); Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say); potato flea beetle, Epitrix cucumeris (Harris); and potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris). Accessions highly resistant to green peach aphid were identified within 36 species, to potato aphid within 24 species, to Colorado potato beetle within 10 species, to potato flea beetle within 25 species, and to potato leafhopper within 39 species. Resistance levels were characteristic within Solanum species. Insect resistance appears to be a primitive trait in wild potatoes. Susceptibility was most common in the primitive and cultivated Tuberosa. Insect resistance was also characteristic of the most advanced species. The glycoalkaloid tomatine was associated with field resistance to Colorado potato beetle and potato leafhopper. Other glycoalkaloids were not associated with field resistance at the species level. Dense hairs were associated with resistance to green peach aphid, potato flea beetle, and potato leafhopper. Glandular trichomes were associated with field resistance to Colorado potato beetle, potato flea beetle, and potato leafhopper. Significant correlations between insect score and altitude of original collection were observed in six of thirteen species. Species from hot and arid areas were associated with resistance to Colorado potato beetle, potato flea beetle, and potato leafhopper. Species from cool or moist areas tended to be resistant to potato aphid.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026800
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    Ecuador, 1991 potato germplasm collecting expedition: taxonomy and new germplasm resources (1992)
    Springer
    Euphytica 60 (1992), S. 159-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: collecting expedition ; Ecuador ; genebank ; germplasm ; Solanum spp. ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary We conducted a joint Ecuador/Colombia/United States wild potato (Solanum sect. Petota) germplasm collecting expedition in Ecuador from April 13–July 1, 1991. The goals of the expedition were to collect germplasm and study the species boundaries of all of the 25 Ecuadorian taxa accepted by current taxonomists. We made 126 collections of 24 of these 25 taxa, 113 as germplasm samples, 13 only as herbarium collections. We synonymize six of these 25 names (S. baezense Ochoa, S. cyanophyllum Correll, S. pichinchense Bitter & Sodiro, S. serratoris Ochoa, S. suffrutescens Correll as synonyms of S. andreanum Baker; S. correllii Ochoa as a synonym of S. regularifolium Correll). Four other names (S. chomatophilum f. angustifoliolum Correll, S. moscopanum Hawkes, S. solisii Hawkes, S. tundalomense Ochoa) could not be consistently distinguished from S. colombianum Dunal in the field. We are currently investigating them to determine their species status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00039394
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