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  • Pregnancy
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (15)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1985-1989  (15)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1945-1949
  • 1930-1934
  • 1988  (15)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (15)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Springer  (2)
Years
  • 1985-1989  (15)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1945-1949
  • 1930-1934
Year
  • 1
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    AIDS: an international perspective (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-02-05
    Description: The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) constitute a worldwide public health problem. Whereas in Europe and in most of the Americas transmission of HIV-1 has occurred predominantly among homosexual men and intravenous drug abusers, in Africa a distinct epidemiologic pattern has emerged that indicates that HIV-1 infection is mainly heterosexually acquired. Heterosexual transmission appears to be increasing in some parts of Latin America and the Caribbean, and possibly in the United States. In addition to HIV-1, at least one other human retrovirus, namely HIV-2, has been implicated as a cause of AIDS in Africa and Europe. Factors that influence heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 include genital ulcerations, early or late stages of HIV-1 infection in the index case, and possibly oral contraception and immune activation. The rate of perinatal transmission is enhanced when the mother's illness is more advanced. AIDS and HIV-1 infection may have a significant impact not only on public health, but also on the demography and socioeconomic conditions of some developing countries. Programs for the prevention and control of AIDS should be an immediate priority in all countries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Piot, P -- Plummer, F A -- Mhalu, F S -- Lamboray, J L -- Chin, J -- Mann, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Feb 5;239(4840):573-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3277271" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology/prevention & ; control/*transmission ; Female ; HIV/classification/pathogenicity ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Sexual Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Congenital poisoning by polychlorinated biphenyls and their contaminants in Taiwan (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-15
    Description: In 1979, a mass poisoning occurred in Taiwan from cooking oil contaminated by thermally degraded polychlorinated biphenyls. Because these chemicals persist in human tissue, children born to female patients after the outbreak were exposed in utero. In 1985, 117 children born to affected women and 108 unexposed controls were examined and evaluated. The exposed children were shorter and lighter than controls; they had abnormalities of gingiva, skin, nails, teeth, and lungs more frequently than did controls. The exposed children showed delay of developmental milestones, deficits on formal developmental testing, and abnormalities on behavioral assessment. These findings are most consistent with a generalized disorder of ectodermal tissue. This syndrome is one of very few documented to result from transplacental exposure to pollutant chemicals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rogan, W J -- Gladen, B C -- Hung, K L -- Koong, S L -- Shih, L Y -- Taylor, J S -- Wu, Y C -- Yang, D -- Ragan, N B -- Hsu, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):334-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3133768" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Conjunctivitis/chemically induced/congenital ; Female ; Growth Disorders/chemically induced ; Humans ; Lactation ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Nails, Malformed ; Oils/*adverse effects ; Pigmentation Disorders/chemically induced/congenital ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls/*poisoning ; Pregnancy ; Taiwan
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Molecular cloning of two types of GAP complementary DNA from human placenta (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-23
    Description: The ras p21 GTPase-activating protein (GAP) was purified from human placental tissue. Internal amino acid sequence was obtained from this 120,000-dalton protein and, by means of this sequence, two types of complementary DNA clones were isolated and characterized. One type encoded GAP with a predicted molecular mass of 116,000 daltons and 96% identity with bovine GAP. The messenger RNA of this GAP was detected in human lung, brain, liver, leukocytes, and placenta. The second type appeared to be generated by a differential splicing mechanism and encoded a novel form of GAP with a predicted molecular mass of 100,400 daltons. This protein lacks the hydrophobic amino terminus characteristic of the larger species, but retains GAP activity. The messenger RNA of this type was abundantly expressed in placenta and in several human cell lines, but not in adult tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trahey, M -- Wong, G -- Halenbeck, R -- Rubinfeld, B -- Martin, G A -- Ladner, M -- Long, C M -- Crosier, W J -- Watt, K -- Koths, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 23;242(4886):1697-700.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Cetus Corp., Emeryville, CA 94608.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3201259" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Brain Chemistry ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Female ; GTPase-Activating Proteins ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Leukocytes/analysis ; Liver/analysis ; Lung/analysis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Weight ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Placenta/*analysis ; Pregnancy ; Proteins/*genetics/isolation & purification ; RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; ras GTPase-Activating Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Anti-acne drug poses dilemma for FDA (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-05-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 May 6;240(4853):714-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2966438" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Abnormalities, Drug-Induced ; Acne Vulgaris/*drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Isotretinoin ; *Legislation, Drug ; Pregnancy ; Tretinoin/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Expression of a calcium-mobilizing parathyroid hormone-like peptide in lactating mammary tissue (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-10-14
    Description: A survey of rat tissues by RNA analysis, aimed at uncovering the physiological function of the parathyroid hormone-like peptide (PTH-LP) associated with hypercalcemia of malignancy, revealed the presence of a 1.5-kilobase messenger RNA encoding this peptide in lactating mammary glands. PTH-LP messenger RNA is expressed in mammary tissue only during lactation; it appears and disappears rapidly (2 to 4 hours) as a function of the sucking stimulus. The identity of this messenger RNA was confirmed by cloning the rat PTH-LP complementary DNA, which predicts a peptide with strong similarity to the human homolog. Moreover, extracts from lactating mammary tissue stimulated parathyroid hormone-dependent adenylate cyclase. These findings suggest that PTH-LP plays a physiological role in lactation, possibly as a hormone for the mobilization or transfer (or both) of calcium to the milk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thiede, M A -- Rodan, G A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Oct 14;242(4876):278-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Bone Biology and Osteoporosis Research, Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3175653" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Lactation/*metabolism ; Mammary Glands, Animal/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neoplasm Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein ; Pregnancy ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/*metabolism ; Rats ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Tissue Distribution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 6
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    Prenatal tetrodotoxin infusion blocks segregation of retinogeniculate afferents (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-10-07
    Description: In the adult mammalian visual system, ganglion cell axons from the two eyes are segregated from each other into separate layers within their principal target, the lateral geniculate nucleus. The involvement of spontaneously generated action potential activity in the process of segregation was investigated during the fetal period in which segregation normally occurs in the cat, between embryonic day 45 (E45) and birth (E65). Tetrodotoxin, which blocks the voltage-sensitive sodium channel, was used to prevent action potentials. Fetuses received continuous intracranial infusions of tetrodotoxin from osmotic minipumps implanted in utero on E42. After a 2-week infusion, intraocular injections of anterograde tracers revealed that tetrodotoxin prevented segregation. The contralateral projection filled the lateral geniculate nucleus uniformly, and the ipsilateral projection expanded to occupy most of what would normally be contralaterally innervated layer A. Thus, in the fetus, long before the onset of vision, spontaneous action potential activity is likely to be present in the visual system and to contribute to the segregation of the retinogeniculate pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shatz, C J -- Stryker, M P -- EY 02874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Oct 7;242(4875):87-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3175636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afferent Pathways/drug effects/*embryology ; Animals ; Cats ; Female ; Fetus ; Infusions, Parenteral ; Optic Chiasm/drug effects/*embryology ; Pregnancy ; Reference Values ; Tetrodotoxin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Visual Pathways/drug effects/*embryology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Fetal panel to meet (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 2;241(4870):1164.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3413481" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Abortion, Induced ; *Ethics, Medical ; Female ; *Fetus ; Humans ; *Legislation, Medical ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Pregnancy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 8
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    Developmental expression of PDGF, TGF-alpha, and TGF-beta genes in preimplantation mouse embryos (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-30
    Description: Control of growth and differentiation during mammalian embryogenesis may be regulated by growth factors from embryonic or maternal sources. With the use of single-cell messenger RNA phenotyping, the simultaneous expression of growth factor transcripts in single or small numbers of preimplantation mouse embryos was examined. Transcripts for platelet-derived growth factor A chain (PDGF-A), transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha, and TGF-beta 1, but not for four other growth factors, were found in whole blastocysts. TGF-alpha, TGF-beta 1, and PDGF antigens were detected in blastocysts by immunocytochemistry. Both PDGF-A and TGF-alpha were detected as maternal transcripts in the unfertilized ovulated oocyte, and again in blastocysts. TGF-beta 1 transcripts appeared only after fertilization. The expression of a subset of growth factors in mouse blastocysts suggests a role for these factors in the growth and differentiation of early mammalian embryos.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rappolee, D A -- Brenner, C A -- Schultz, R -- Mark, D -- Werb, Z -- 5T32 ES07106/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- HD22681/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD23539/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 30;241(4874):1823-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Radiobiology and Environmental Health, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0750.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3175624" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/*physiology ; Cleavage Stage, Ovum/physiology ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Growth Substances/*genetics ; Mice ; Oocytes/physiology ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*genetics ; Pregnancy ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transforming Growth Factors/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    Cyclic AMP-responsive DNA-binding protein: structure based on a cloned placental cDNA (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-09
    Description: Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is an intracellular second messenger that activates transcription of many cellular genes. A palindromic consensus DNA sequence, TGACGTCA, functions as a cAMP-responsive transcriptional enhancer (CRE). The CRE binds a cellular protein of 38 kD in placental JEG-3 cells. A placental lambda gt11 library was screened for expression of specific CRE-binding proteins with the CRE sequence as a radioactive probe. A cDNA encoding a protein of 326 amino acids with the binding properties of a specific CRE-binding protein (CREB) was isolated. The protein contains a COOH-terminal basic region adjacent to a sequence similar to the "leucine zipper" sequence believed to be involved in DNA binding and in protein-protein contacts in several other DNA-associated transcriptional proteins including the products of the c-myc, c-fos, and c-jun oncogenes and GCN4. The CREB protein also contains an NH2-terminal acidic region proposed to be a potential transcriptional activation domain. The putative DNA-binding domain of CREB is structurally similar to the corresponding domains in the phorbol ester-responsive c-jun protein and the yeast transcription factor GCN4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoeffler, J P -- Meyer, T E -- Yun, Y -- Jameson, J L -- Habener, J F -- DK 25532/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK 30457/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 9;242(4884):1430-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2974179" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Female ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Placenta/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Ethical issues raised (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 22;240(4851):391.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3358126" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aborted Fetus ; Abortion, Spontaneous ; Advisory Committees ; Brain/embryology ; *Ethics ; Federal Government ; Female ; *Fetal Research ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; Nerve Tissue/transplantation ; Parkinson Disease/*therapy ; Pregnancy ; *Tissue and Organ Procurement
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    A single receptor binds both insulin-like growth factor II and mannose-6-phosphate (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-03-04
    Description: Amino acid sequences deduced from rat complementary DNA clones encoding the insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) receptor closely resemble those of the bovine cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (Man-6-P receptorCI), suggesting they are identical structures. It is also shown that IGF-II receptors are adsorbed by immobilized pentamannosyl-6-phosphate and are specifically eluted with Man-6-P. Furthermore, Man-6-P specifically increases by about two times the apparent affinity of the purified rat placental receptor for 125I-labeled IGF-II. These results indicate that the type II IGF receptor contains cooperative, high-affinity binding sites for both IGF-II and Man-6-P-containing proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacDonald, R G -- Pfeffer, S R -- Coussens, L -- Tepper, M A -- Brocklebank, C M -- Mole, J E -- Anderson, J K -- Chen, E -- Czech, M P -- Ullrich, A -- CA 39240/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DK 30648/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK 34063/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 4;239(4844):1134-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2964083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Membrane/analysis/metabolism ; Chromatography, Affinity ; DNA/genetics ; Female ; Hexosephosphates/*metabolism ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/*metabolism ; Mannosephosphates/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Placenta/analysis ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Receptor, IGF Type 2 ; Receptor, Insulin/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Somatomedin ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Somatomedins/*metabolism
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  • 12
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    Spontaneous impulse activity of rat retinal ganglion cells in prenatal life (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-10-07
    Description: The existence of spontaneous neural activity in mammalian retinal ganglion cells during prenatal life has long been suspected. This activity could play a key role in the refinement of retinal projections during development. Recordings in vivo from the retinas of rat fetuses between embryonic day 17 and 21 found action potentials in spontaneously active ganglion cells at all the ages studied.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Galli, L -- Maffei, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Oct 7;242(4875):90-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Istituto di Neurofisiologia Consiglio Nazionale Delle Richerche via San Zeno, Pisa, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3175637" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Electric Conductivity ; Female ; Fetus/physiology ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Retina/*embryology/*physiology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/*physiology
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  • 13
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    Induction of B cell unresponsiveness to noninherited maternal HLA antigens during fetal life (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-30
    Description: Patients who have received many transfusions become highly sensitized and develop antibodies against almost all HLA alloantigens, so that finding a cross-match negative kidney donor is difficult. A survey of those patients showed that 50 percent did not form antibodies against the noninherited maternal HLA antigens. Apart from the obvious clinical implications, the data indicate that a human equivalent of murine neonatal or actively acquired tolerance has now been identified.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Claas, F H -- Gijbels, Y -- van der Velden-de Munck, J -- van Rood, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 30;241(4874):1815-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunohaematology, University Hospital, Leiden, the Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3051377" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Female ; Fetus/*immunology ; HLA-A Antigens/*immunology ; HLA-B Antigens/*immunology ; Humans ; *Immune Tolerance ; *Kidney Transplantation ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy
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  • 14
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    Family planning: a growing gap (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-10-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Oct 21;242(4877):370-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3175659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Spontaneous ; Contraception/*methods ; Contraceptive Agents ; Contraceptive Devices ; *Family Planning Services ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Unwanted ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 15
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    Acetaldehyde production and transfer by the perfused human placental cotyledon (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-10-14
    Description: Fetal injury associated with maternal ethanol ingestion is a major cause of congenital anomalies and mental retardation. Studies with animals suggest that acetaldehyde, the primary hepatic oxidative metabolite of ethanol, may contribute to fetal damage. It is not known, however, whether acetaldehyde reaches the human fetus, either by placental production or transfer. Studies utilizing the perfused human placental cotyledon show that the human placenta oxidizes ethanol to acetaldehyde, releasing it into the fetal perfusate. Moreover, when acetaldehyde is present in the maternal perfusate, it is transferred to the fetal side, reaching approximately 50 percent of the maternal level. These findings suggest that the human placenta may play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of ethanol-associated fetal injury.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Karl, P I -- Gordon, B H -- Lieber, C S -- Fisher, S E -- AA 07275/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- AA 07284/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- HD 17375/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Oct 14;242(4876):273-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY 11030.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3175652" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetaldehyde/*metabolism ; Ethanol/adverse effects/*metabolism ; Female ; Fetus/*metabolism ; Humans ; *Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Perfusion ; Placenta/*metabolism ; Pregnancy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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