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  • Articles  (14,557)
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  • 2020-2022
  • 2010-2014
  • 1985-1989  (14,557)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1950-1954
  • 1988  (14,557)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (14,557)
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  • Articles  (14,557)
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  • 2020-2022
  • 2010-2014
  • 1985-1989  (14,557)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1950-1954
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluid Models of Geological Hotspots (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 61-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.000425
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Remote Sensing of the Sea Surface (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 89-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.000513
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hamiltonian Fluid Mechanics (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 225-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.001301
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sand Transport on the Continental Shelf (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 295-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.001455
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Instability Mechanisms in Shear-Flow Transition (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 359-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.002043
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secondary Instability of Boundary Layers (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 487-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.002415
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic Fields in the Solar Convection Zone: Magnetoconvection and Magnetic Buoyancy (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 187-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.001155
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foam Flows (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 325-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.001545
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Digital Image Processing in Flow Visualization (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 421-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.002225
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptive Wind Tunnels (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 17-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.000313
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The First Turbulence Measurements: A Tribute to Hugh L. Dryden (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.000245
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fractals in Fluid Mechanics (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 5-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.000253
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiphase Flow in Porous Media (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 35-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.000343
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stokesian Dynamics (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 111-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.000551
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initial Stage of Water Impact (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 159-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.001111
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surf-Zone Dynamics (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 257-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.001353
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complaint Coatings (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 20 (1988), S. 393-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.20.010188.002141
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dislocations and Disclinations Past and Present: Some Personal Views and Reminiscences (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 1-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.000245
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shape Memory Alloys (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 25-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.000325
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Joining of Ceramics and Metals (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 47-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.000403
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser Spectroscopy of Ultrafast Solid-State Phenomena (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 75-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.000451
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aluminum-Lithium Alloys (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 101-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.000533
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal Surface Modification by Electron Beam High-Speed Scanning (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 121-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.001005
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sliding Wear of Metals (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 141-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.001041
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photorefractive Materials (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 165-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.001121
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent Advances in Solid-State NMR of Zeolites (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 189-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.001201
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen in Crystalline Semiconductors (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 219-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.001251
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast Diffusion in Semiconductors (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 257-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.001353
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tribochemistry (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 303-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.001511
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precision X-Ray Techniques for Semiconductors (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 283-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.001435
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Semimagnetic and Magnetic Semiconductor Superlattices (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 325-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.001545
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field Ion Studies of Structure of GP Zones (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 351-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.002031
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Perspectives of Silicon Carbide: An Overview, with Special Emphasis on Noise and Space-Charge-Limited Flow (1988)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 18 (1988), S. 381-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.18.080188.002121
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  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CYCLIC MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF A 12Cr-Mo-V MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The low cycle fatigue properties of a 12Cr-IMo-V martensitic stainless steel are investigated at room temperature and correlated with its microstructure. The mechanical test results show that the behavior of this steel depends on the applied strain level. The SEM and TEM studies bring out the role of ferrite islands embedded in a tempered martensite lath matrix. Plastic deformation is essentially accommodated by ferrite; this results in extrusion formation on the surface specimen and a cellular dislocation structure. When the strain level is high, it requires a greater contribution of the tempered martensite, ferrite alone being unable to accomplish all the plastic deformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01395.x
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  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ENERGY DISTRIBUTION AND ASSOCIATED FRACTURE PHENOMENA WHEN EXPLOSIVELY LOADING PARABOLOIDAL-ENDED PERSPEX RODS EMBEDDED IN LEAD AND AIR (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fracture damage development in paraboloidal-ended cylindrical rods of Perspex due to stress waves initiated by explosive point loading at the flat end of a rod with a detonator, embedded in surrounding media of solid lead or atmospheric air is discussed. An attempt has been made to explain the form and the location of the terminal internal fractures and the spalls in terms of stress optics considering first and second reflections of the incident waves at the interfacial boundary and the energy distribution of the incident waves when reflected from a boundary or refracted into the surrounding medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01394.x
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  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE PROGRESSION OF BENDING FATIGUE IN NICKEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The progression of fully reversed bending fatigue, in a 99.6% pure polycrystalline nickel (NO2200) at room temperature, was monitored utilizing Nomarski interference contrast microscopy in conjunction with microhardness measurements. It was found that a gradual hardening, without early saturation, occurred from about 95 to 160 HV. Similar data were obtained with indenter weights of 15–500 g, from which it was concluded that a different behaving surface layer did not develop during fatigue. Cracks initiated at coarse slip bands within the first 1% of the life, when the hardness reached 140 HV. The cracking of these bands initiated away from grain boundaries. The slow growth of these slip band cracks dominated the life subsequently. Growth of the cracks both across and beyond the initial grain was difficult. The significant hardening prior to crack initiation and the confinement of the cracking mainly to coarse slip bands, contributed to a good inherent fatigue resistence of nickel. with a fatigue limit above the yield strength. Non-propagating cracks were not observed below the fatigue limit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01398.x
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  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A TORSION-BENDING LOADING FRAME FOR A UNIAXIAL FATIGUE TEST MACHINE (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A novel mixed-mode loading frame has been designed to fit a uniaxial servo-hydraulic test machine. The frame allows fatigue tests to be performed on circurnferentially slit round bars under combined in-phase torsion and bending loads at positive mean stresses. The growth of fatigue cracks was monitored using a direct current potential drop technique. An empirical equation relating crack depth and voltage is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01386.x
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    CREEP, FATIGUE AND CREEP-FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH RATES IN PARENT AND SIMULATED HAZ TYPE 321 STAINLESS STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Crack growth rate data are presented from a range of fully reversed displacement-controlled fatigue and creep-Fatigue tests and from static load-controlled creep crack growth tests on aged 321 stainless steel (parent and simulated HAZ) at 650 ° C. In the creep fatigue tests, constant displacement tensile hold periods of 12–192 h were used. Crack growth rates comprised both cyclic and dwell period contributions. Cyclic growth contributions are described by a Paris-type law and give faster crack growth rates than those associated with pure fatigue tests. Dwell period contributions are described by the C* parameter. The total cyclic crack growth rates are given by summing the cyclic and dwell period contributions. Estimates of C* using a reference stress approach together with the appropriate stress relaxation creep data are shown to correlate well with experimentally measured C* values. Crack growth rates during static load-controlled tests correlate well with C*. Good agreement is obtained between crack growth rates during the static tests and those produced during the hold period of the creep-fatigue tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01389.x
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    Information on Conferences/Seminars (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01176.x
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  • 40
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    HIGH TEMPERATURE FATIGUE DAMAGE IN THREE AUSTENITIC ALLOYS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A series of cyclic strain controlled tests have been carried out at 600°C on three high temperature austenitic iron-based alloys. These alloys were AISI type 316 stainless steel, Alloy 800 H and Sandvik 253 MA. The tests were carried out under constant total strain control using a constant strain rate of 0.005 s−′. Damage mechanics was applied to the results in order to follow the accumulation of damage. By consideiing the changes in modulus throughout the life of each specimen it was found that damage evolution could be successfully predicted as a function of plastic strain range despite the fact that each alloy had been chosen because of a different stress response at 600°C, namely cyclic saturation, hardening, and softening followed by hardening for the AISI 316, 253 MA and Alloy 800 H respectively. Although each alloy accumulated fatigue damage in a similar manner the longer lives of Sandvik 253 MA and Alloy 800 H at a given total strain range were due to a smaller plastic strain component and a reduced stage I crack propagation rate. In the 253 MA alloy. slip was predominantly planar with some cells occasionally forming at high strain ranges. Slip was localized in Alloy 800 H due to the shearing of small γ precipitates. In the AISI 316 stainless steel, dislocation cells formed at all strain ranges. It is concluded that all these alloys accumulate damage similarly, independent of their deformation behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01392.x
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  • 41
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    THE GROWTH OF MICROSTRUCTURALLY SMALL FATIGUE CRACKS IN A FERRITIC-PEARLITIC STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The growth behaviour of microstructurally small fatigue cracks was investigated with smooth specimens of a ferritic-pearlitic steel, S45C. under rotating bending. The effects of microstructure, particularly the role of pearlite structure, on crack growth were evaluated based on detailed microscopic observations. In the region smaller than a certain crack length. small cracks tended to grow preferentially in the ferrite structure, and the crack growth rates decreased markedly at ferrite-pearlite boundaries when small cracks grew into the pearlite from the ferrite. The above region of crack length, i.e. the length of microstructurally small cracks, depended on stress level, increasing with decreasing stress level. The growth mechanism is also discussed in terms of the results obtained from fractogrdphy.
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  • 42
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    A DUCTILITY EXHAUSTION EVALUATION OF SOME LONG TERM CREEP/FATIGUE TESTS ON AUSTENITIC STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A limited number of long term creep/fatigue tests performed on two batches of Type 316 steel and one batch of associated 17Cr8Ni2Mo weld metal are reported. Test durations range from 5000 to 32,000 h and temperatures from 5.50 to 625 ° C. Subsequent metallographic examination shows the failures to be wholly or predominantly intergranular. The results are analysed using a ductility exhaustion approach and it is shown that the endurances obtained are within a factor of two of predicted values. The results confirm that the design approach to creep/fatigue currently being developed in the U.K. and based on ductility exhaustion is likely to be satisfactory.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01390.x
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    MAGNETOSTRICTION EFFECTS IN CRACK LENGTH MEASUREMENTS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack lengths were measured in a ferromagnetic material (a low alloy steel) using the d.c. potential drop technique. Significant cyclic fluctuations in potential were observed. Using discriminatory tests it has been established that the fluctuations may be attributed to inverse magnetostriction known as the Villari effect. The strain rate dependence of the fluctuations was investigated using sinusoidal, square and sawtooth waveforms, and the amplitude of the fluctuations was shown to be proportional to strain rate. In some cases the amplitude of the fluctuations was of similar magnitude to the crack length measurement potential.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01178.x
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01166.x
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    A CRITICAL PLANE APPROACH TO MULTIAXIAL FATIGUE DAMAGE INCLUDING OUT-OF-PHASE LOADING (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A modification to Brown and Miller's critical plane approach is proposed to predict multiaxial fatigue life under both in-phase and out-of-phase loading conditions. The components of this modified parameter consist of the maximum shear strain amplitude and the maximum normal stress on the maximum shear strain amplitude plane. Additional cyclic hardening developed during out-of-phase loading is included in the normal stress term. Also, the mathematical formulation of this new parameter is such that variable amplitude loading can be accommodated. Experimental results from tubular specimens made of 1045 HR steel under in-phase and 90° out-of-phase axial-torsional straining using both sinusoidal and trapezoidal wave forms were correlated within a factor of about two employing this approach. Available Inconel 718 axial-torsional data including mean strain histories were also satisfactorily correlated using the aforementioned parameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01169.x
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    FRICTIONAL EFFECTS ON FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN β -ANNEALED Ti-6Al-4V (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The crack tip cyclic heat generation rate, fatigue crack growth rate, and the crack closure stress were measured in a β-annealed Ti-6Al-4V for R ratios of -0.1, 0.1 and 0.2. The R= -0.1 and 0.1 cases exhibited macroscopic crack closure and the R = 0.2 case exhibited no macroscopic crack closure as measured by strain gage techniques. There was a transition in the slope of the da/dN vs ΔK curve for the closure cases and no transition for the no-closure case. The crack tip heat generation rate above the transition for the closure cases was an order of magnitude greater than for the no-closure case. Also the crack tip heat generation rate below the transition was greater for the closure cases than for the no-closure case. The transition in the heat generation rate and the crack growth rate was attributed to a transition from static frictional locking of shear branch cracks to sliding of the branch crack surfaces. Below the transition the crack faces are locked open creating a large roughness-induced closure component. When the branch cracks are allowed to undergo reverse shear, the amount of roughness-induced closure markedly decreases and the fracture surface becomes less tortuous. The relative sliding generates the increased heat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01171.x
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  • 47
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    EXPERIMENTAL FATIGUE EVALUATION OF EXTERNALLY WELDED BOX GIRDERS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— An experimental study has been carried out to evaluate the fatigue strength and life of externally welded box girders used in gantry cranes and bridge structures. In this study, a reduced scale model was fabricated and tested under conditions similar to those of the prototype. Model analysis was used to select the model dimensions and loads. The test model was subjected to bending, shear and torsional stresses under load control conditions. After test completion, the critical sections were visually and microscopically inspected. No fatigue crack initiation was found. The results of this investigation is expected to help in establishing a fatigue design criteria for externally welded box girders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01174.x
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    FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR OF A ZINC-ALUMINIUM ALLOY AT HIGH HOMOLOGOUS TEMPERATURES (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The fatigue crack growth behaviour and crack closure response of a zinc base die casting alloy at high homologous temperature were studied. The crack growth rate was both frequency and temperature dependent. The frequency dependence of crack growth rate, which has been commonly attributed to creep-fatigue interaction, can be rationalized by the crack closure phenomenon. The temperature dependence is contrary to that observed in other materials and cannot be simply explained in terms of the interaction between creep and fatigue damage. The effect of a single tensile overload on the crack growth behaviour at high homologous temperatures has also been investigated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01163.x
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01213.x
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    SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01215.x
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    RESULTS OF A ROUND ROBIN ON STRETCH ZONE WIDTH DETERMINATION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— -A round robin on experimental stretch zone width (SZW) measurement was conducted. The SZW of eight different materials showing an SZW range of 5 to 200 μm was measured by evaluating a set of micrographs. The round robin was carried out by 14 participants from different firms and institutes. The standard deviation of the experimental SZW measurement was found to be in a range of smaller than 75% of the stretch zone average SZW. For 90% of the micrographs the standard deviation of SZW remains in a range smaller than 35% of SZW. This scatter range was not significantly influenced by the experience of the participants in measuring the individual SZW, the materials tested and the magnitude of the SZW itself. The SZW results determined in this round robin match well with a theoretical SZW determination using the recently developed blunting line equation including strain hardening: SZW = 0.4 dn* J/E.
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    A REVIEW OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH CHARACTERISATION BY LINEAR ELASTIC FRACTURE MECHANICS (LEFM). PART I—PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF DATA GENERATION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The application of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) to the characterisation of fatigue crack growth has been reviewed. In Part I the present understanding of the factors influencing growth rate is summarised, and the current methods of fatigue crack growth rate data generation are considered in the light of this. In Part II, documents are reviewed which provide advice on the prediction of fatigue crack growth and also those national standards in which fatigue crack growth considerations are implicit.
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    WAVEFORMS IN FRETTING FATIGUE (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The magnitudes and directions of the frictional forces must be considered in any fracture mechanics analysis of crack growth under fretting fatigue conditions. A simple nonlinear friction model has been developed which relates the waveforms of the frictional forces to those of the applied forces when fretting occurs. It is shown that the waveforms are different in shape and that periods of dwell and phase shifts may occur in the frictional forces. These differences can significantly affect the rate of growth of cracks and hence life prediction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01396.x
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    GROWTH OF SEMI-ELLIPTICAL SURFACE CRACKS IN FERRITIC STEEL PLATES UNDER CYCLIC THERMAL SHOCK LOADING (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Investigations of crack growth under thermal fatigue loading are presented. The experiments were performed with a ferritic reactor pressure vessel steel. A plate, containing a semi-elliptical surface crack is heated up to a homogeneous temperature and cyclically cooled down by a jet of cold water. On the basis of linear elastic fracture mechanics, stress-intensity factors are calculated with the weight function method. The prediction of crack growth under thermal fatigue loading using data from standard specimens is compared with the experimental result.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01397.x
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    A NUMERICAL STUDY ON GLOBAL AND LOCAL PARAMETERS CONTROLLING FRACTURE IN THE BRITTLE-DUCTILE TRANSITION TEMPERATURE REGION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— In this report on fracture studies pertinent to the brittle-ductile transition region the predictive capability of a local fracture parameter, i.e. maximum tensile stress normal to the crack plane (= maximum principal stress), and of a global fracture parameter, i.e. the J-integral, are compared for SENB and CNT specimens fractured at −70°C. The influence of constraint is also investigated, both locally as defined by the ratios of mean (hydrostatic) stress and maximum principal stress to von Mises stress, and globally as defined by the factor m=J/(s̀γ.CTOD). Results obtained indicate that stress fields in a varying constraint environment (i.e. varying both spatially and with extent of plastic deformation) are not uniquely characterized by J and require additional information on the amount of constraint. Fracture predictions based on maximum principal stress ahead of the crack tip exhibit far less scatter than those based on J, but further investigations are required on the geometry (in)dependence of this local parameter.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01179.x
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01167.x
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    A SIMPLIFIED LABORATORY APPROACH FOR THE PREDICTION OF SHORT CRACK BEHAVIOR IN ENGINEERING STRUCTURES (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Conventionally determined fatigue threshold information (ASTM E647) can lead to non-conservative estimates of fatigue lifetimes when these data are utilized in damage tolerant design assessments. The non-conservative nature of such data can be attributed primarily to the development of excessively large amounts of crack closure at low R-ratios, particularly at near threshold stress intensity factor levels. These high closure levels attenuate the effective stress intensity condition prevailing at the crack tip and confound attempts to predict the behavior of short cracks that exhibit limited crack closure. A modified test procedure, involving constant maximum stress intensity factor (Kcmax) test conditions, is described which identifies fatigue crack propagation (FCP) threshold behavior in the absence of detectable amounts of crack closure. These data have been generated with conventional long crack specimens for several aluminum, iron, and nickel-based alloys and which are shown to closely simulate the FCP response of short cracks in these engineering materials. As such, the modified threshold test procedure, incorporating constant Kmax loading conditions, represents a valuable tool in the prediction of the cyclic lifetime of engineering components. The stress-cyclic lifetime (S-N) curve for aluminum butt-welded beams was computed based on Kcmax data and found to be in excellent agreement with actual test results.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01183.x
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    MODELLING OF EMBEDDED FATIGUE CRACKS IN RAILROAD RAILS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A first-generation fatigue crack growth model has been developed which realistically models the patterns of subsurface shells and detail fracture crack growth that are commonly observed in railroad rails. (These types of defects are further described in the Introduction.) The key assumptions upon which the model is based are reviewed and the input data on railroad rail residual stresses and wheel-induced stresses are described. Examples of the predicted growth patterns for shells and detail fractures are shown and compared to actually observed growth patterns. Apparent deficiencies in the model are discussed and probable avenues for improvement in the accuracy of the crack growth life estimates are identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01172.x
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    AN INVESTIGATION OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN A DUCTILE MATERIAL AT HIGH GROWTH RATES (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Investigations into tearing-fatigue have been performed using three point bend specimens made of mild steel. A computer controlled testing machine was used which could maintain constant cyclic displacement ranges, or constant cyclic energy input ranges, and hence provide a range of crack tip driving force conditions. Fatigue crack growth rates were measured and compared with the predictions of a model based on the linear summation and non-interaction of fatigue and ductile tearing growth rates. The effects of fatigue crack growth on monotonic crack growth resistance properties were investigated. It is concluded that there is no significant interaction between these two crack propagation mechanisms in this steel. Crack growth rate equations governing propagation in the tearing-fatigue regime are given.
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    INFORMATION ON CONFERENCES/SEMINARS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01159.x
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01160.x
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    DRAFT EGF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DETERMINING THE FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF DUCTILE MATERIALS: EGF PROCEDURE EGF P1–87D (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The EGF Working Party on Fracture Mechanics Testing Standards has written a draft ECF Procedure for determining the crack growth fracture resistance of ductile materials. either in terms of the J-integral or the crack tip opening displacement. Methods are also given for deriving J and δ fracture parameters related to initiation of crack growth. The multiple specimen method is taken as the reference method. Several single specimen techniques are described in Appendices. The EGF Procedure is currently being validated by an experimental round robin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01393.x
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    THE PROGRESSION OF BENDING FATIGUE IN INCONEL 625 (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Inconel 625 (N06625) was fatigued in reversed bending and the sequence of surface damage observed. A comparison was made with nickel and Monel K500 studied previously. It was found that, as with nickel, slip markings were present at one cycle even in high life samples. In the Inconel 625, the slip was always planar, multiple slip was common and a plethora of secondary slip was associated with most crack fronts. A noticeable distinction, from nickel and Monel, was the absence of any intergranular cracking. Microhardness measurements revealed that, as with Monel and in contrast to nickel, strain amplitudes high enough to give surface zone hardening led to short lives. from which the inference was made that the inherent fatigue properties of Inconel 625 are inferior to nickel, for advantage cannot be taken of its high strain hardening exponent. Nevertheless, the fatigue limit, as in nickel remains above the yield stress because cracks only initiate when the grains are replete with slip and a rumpled topography has developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01400.x
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    PROPAGATION AND CLOSURE OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS AT NOTCHES UNDER COMPRESSIVE MEAN STRESSES (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Single-edge-notched specimens of a low-carbon steel were fatigued under cyclic in-plane bending with compressive mean stresses. The development of crack closure with crack growth was studied both experimentally and theoretically. The relation between the crack opening stress and the crack length was a function of the minimum (compressive) applied stress, irrespective of the maximum stress. The effective stress intensity range was a unique parameter in correlating the crack growth rate, even if the crack was embedded in the compressive plastic zone. Under a constant minimum stress, the length of nonpropagating cracks became longer with increasing maximum applied stress. A theoretical model was proposed for predicting the crack opening stress on the basis of the compressive stress distribution at the minimum applied stress. The predicted value agreed fairly well with the experimental result. The model gave upper bounds of the crack growth rate and the length of nonpropagating fatigue cracks within the plastic zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01388.x
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    A MICROSTRUCTURALLY-SHORT FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH EQUATION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A brief outline of a recently developed model which describes the microstructurally short and the physically short crack periods of fatigue crack growth is presented. A single equation to describe both regimes is discussed and the model applied to data on a medium carbon steel. Good predictions relating to the actual experimental lifetime were achieved. The results are compared with the prediction of fatigue life based on a previously reported two-equation approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01391.x
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    EDITORIAL: SOFTWARE SURVEY SECTION (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01177.x
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    THE PROGRESSION OF BENDING FATIGUE IN MONEL K500 (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A comparison was made at room temperature of the fatigue sequence in Monel K 500 (N05500), both between the different states of solution heat treated, aged, and overaged, and with nickel that had been studied previously. The test mode was reversed bending and monitoring was by Nomarski interference contrast microscopy, in conjunction with sequential microhardness measurements. It was found that variations in Monel between the heat treated states were minor in comparison to differences with nickel. In Monel, the fatigue resistance was relatively poor because of ready intergranular, as well as transgranular, cracking. To achieve a significant life, the stress level had to be kept well below the yield strength, low enough to delay the onset of visible slip, for cracking would follow promptly. This meant that, in contrast to nickel, stress levels high enough to invoke strain hardening and obvious secondary slip led to exceedingly short lives. Also, inclusions mattered, slip occurring preferentially in their vicinity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01399.x
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    A REVIEW OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH CHARACTERISATION BY LINEAR ELASTIC FRACTURE MECHANICS (LEFM). PART II—ADVISORY DOCUMENTS AND APPLICATIONS WITHIN NATIONAL STANDARDS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— This paper presents a review of the application of LEFM to the characterisation of fatigue crack growth. This part covers national standards and other documents of comparable status that (a) offer explicit advice on the use of fatigue crack growth data, and (b) in which crack growth considerations are implicit. Documents falling into the first category were noted to have many features in common, differences occurring only in areas where the current understanding of the subject is far from complete (e.g. variable amplitude loading, long life, etc.). Documents implicitly addressing fatigue crack growth comprise three distinct groups: (i) those which aim to simplify fracture mechanics analyses for the user, (ii) those in which fracture mechanics has influenced design criteria, and (iii) those which aim to provide inspection and/or acceptance criteria. As with the “explicit documents”, a degree of commonality was observed within each group of “implicit documents”, the exception being the military aircraft specifications of the U.K. and the U.S.A.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01162.x
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    THE AIR FATIGUE AND CORROSION FATIGUE OF A 13% Cr TURBINE BLADE STEEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Reasons for data scatter from fatigue tests on a high strength 13% Cr steel are discussed and data is presented for corrosion fatigue of this steel in a condensing steam environment. Rotating bend tests were performed at 50 and 3 Hz and tension-tension fatigue tests at 0.016 Hz and R=0.1. Some specimens were periodically inspected to identify sites of fatigue crack initiation. The role of inclusions in initiating fatigue cracks was investigated and it was found that the population of larger inclusions in the steel matched that at fatigue crack initiation sites. Comparison of fatigue lives from polished and abraded specimens indicated that there is little point in producing highly polished surfaces for this steel to try and improve fatigue life unless the inclusion content can be reduced in size and number. Corrosion fatigue data is presented indicating the magnitude of the reduction of fatigue life caused by condensing pure steam and condensing chlorinated steam.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01165.x
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    A NON-LINEAR CONTINUOUS FATIGUE DAMAGE MODEL (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— -A non-linear cumulative fatigue damage model proposed previously is applied to different steels and various loading situations, including two-level tests and block-programs. Its ability to describe all the main features of fatigue damage and the ease of its practical use for engineers are discussed and several examples cited. The relationship with other formulations are pointed out together with the main advantages of the proposed model. A generalization is proposed for both cyclic temperature and multiaxial loading conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01216.x
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    INFLUENCE OF THE PORE MORPHOLOGY AND SECONDARY CAVITIES ON THE PLASTIC BEHAVIOUR OF POROUS MATERIALS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Using an homogenization technique the plastic behaviour of a porous material containing two populations of cavities is constructed. The corresponding load function is given. It is shown that the interaction between the main and the secondary cavities increases greatly the relative growth rate of the porosity. This effect is the more important the higher the stress triaxiality ratio or the smaller the ratio between the main and the secondary porosities. The influence of the pore morphology on the yield criterion of porous material is also studied. It is shown that the pore morphology modifies the yield criterion only for high triaxiality ratio. For small or medium ones, the main effect comes from the porosity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01180.x
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    THERMAL FATIGUE OF MAR-M509 SUPERALLOY—I. THE INFLUENCE OF SPECIMEN GEOMETRY (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The thermal fatigue behaviour of a cast cobalt superalloy was investigated. Wedge type specimens were tested on a rig using flame heating. A standard cycle from 200 to 1100°C was used for most tests and the specimen geometry was changed to investigate a broad range of thermal fatigue lives. The maximum temperature was also varied for a single specimen geometry. The thermal fatigue life to create a 1 mm deep crack ranges from a few tens to one thousand cycles. Crack initiation occurs early in life at oxidised interdendritic carbides as in high-temperature, low-cycle fatigue. Precipitation of small chromium-rich carbides was found to occur in the dendrites during thermal fatigue cycling. An identical precipitate distribution could be induced by a two stage thermal treatment as shown by quantitative metallography. The isothermal stress-strain behaviour at high temperature was so shown to be almost insensitive to the microstructure changes induced by thermal fatigue.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01181.x
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    THERMAL FATIGUE OF MAR-M509 SUPERALLOY—II. EVALUATION OF LIFE PREDICTION MODELS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Thermal fatigue data on MAR-M509 reported in a companion paper were used to evaluate four life prediction models. The temperature-stress-strain history of the critical element at the thin edge of wedge specimens was computed for this purpose. The analysis method uses a finite element computation of the temperature field and a uniaxial calculation of the stress-strain cycle using a cyclic viscoplastic constitutive equation. The influence of specimen geometry and of maximum temperature on the thermal fatigue life to initiate a macroscopic crack was accounted for by variations in stress and mechanical strain ranges at the thin edge. The accumulated and cyclic creep damage models were found to overestimate thermal fatigue life in all the cases. Models which describe oxidation fatigue crack growth interactions, and which are borne out by metallographic observations on wedge specimens, were found to give reliable predictions of thermal fatigue life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01182.x
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    NEW PATENTS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01168.x
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    AN ANALYSIS OF FRICTIONAL EFFECTS ON CYLINDRICAL MODE III FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION SPECIMENS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A model predicting the magnitude of frictional effects from fracture surface roughness on mode III fatigue crack growth is presened. Analysis of published data indicates that fracture surface roughness of the order of micrometers or less is enough to account for mode III fatigue crack growth retardation observation for increasing crack lengths for growth at constant ΔK. The model suggests that high strength materials will exhibit a greater resistance to shear crack growth than low strength materials. It also suggests that the resistance to shear crack growth will be more prominent at low nominal applied shear stress. The results of the analysis suggest that the concept of similitude does apply to mode III fatigue crack growth when the effects of friction on the stress intensity factor are included.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01170.x
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    THE EFFECT OF PRIOR FATIGUE CYCLING ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF COPPER AND ALUMINIUM WIRES (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Having previously been subjected to cyclic loading below the elastic limit, wire specimens of aluminium and copper were subjected to uniaxial tension tests. The results obtained are presented with a view to studying the accumulated changes in stress-strain behaviour during fatigue. The data obtained for virgin as well as for cyclic preloaded specimens were fitted to the Ramberg-Osgood relation and useful empirical relationships were developed between its parameters and the prior cyclic stress amplitude as well as the number of prior fatigue cycles. Using these relations, progressive changes in the width and the area of hysteresis loops have been computed and the results obtained have been compared with the experiments.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01175.x
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    NEW PATENTS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01161.x
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    SURFACE CRACKS AND THE FATIGUE LIMIT OF METALS (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— A technique based on indenting a sphere into a material has been developed for measuring the yield strength of metals at various depths from the surface. Proceeding from the experimentally established reduction in the yield strength of the metal surface layer and cyclic crack growth resistance characteristics, the authors suggest a model simulating fatigue fracture based on the continuum mechanics assumptions which allows the fatigue limit to be estimated on the basis of a critical non-propagating fatigue crack size for components of various thickness in tension-compression or in bending; considering stress concentrations under both alternating and oscillating loads in the presence of near-surface stresses. Theoretical predictions using the model for three martensitic stainless steels and a titanium alloy showed a fair agreement with experimental data.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01164.x
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    EDITORIAL COMMENT (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01214.x
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    ON FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH AND STABLE TEARING (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 11 (1988), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— An experimental and analytical investigation has been performed to examine the effect of concurrent fatigue cycling and stable tearing on the crack growth fracture resistance of EN3A steel at 360°C. The steel was tested in the as-received and hardened conditions, hardening being achieved by pre-cracking at a load comparable to the elastic limit of the test specimens. For each condition of the steel, resistance curves are obtained both with and without concurrent fatigue cycling.A significant increase in the crack growth rates occurred as a result of concurrent fatigue cycling. The rates are in reasonably close agreement with the values predicted from the sum of the fatigue crack growth and stable tearing components. The J-estimation formula of Ainsworth is used to demonstrate that there is no interaction between stable tearing and fatigue in the tests for the steel in the as-received condition.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1988.tb01218.x
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    Computer environments for the design of mechanical assemblies: A research review (1988)
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 3 (1988), S. 121-136 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper reviews the most relevant literature dealing with the development of computer environments for the conceptual design of mechanical systems and assemblies. Selected literature is reviewed and discussed in relation to meeting the following requirements of such an environment: (1) representing and supporting top-down design, (2) representing and supporting multiple functional viewpoints, (3) representing functional knowledge, (4) representing spatial relationships and geometry, (5) maintaining consistency, and (6) providing analysis and other support. An appendix listing related readings is included.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01349624
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    Development of an expert system for preliminary risk assessment of existing concrete dams (1988)
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 3 (1988), S. 137-148 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The paper presents an expert system to assist in the field inspection of existing concrete dams within the context of a preliminary risk assessment. The paper describes the engineering knowledge and reasoning required to conduct a deterministic field evaluation of the structural stability of the dam. The symptoms and failure modes identified by the expert system along with the required knowledge and procedures are organized in a structured knowledge tree. The instantiation of the frames and firing of the rules for each consultation traces part of the inference tree contained in the structured knowledge tree. Interaction between nearly decomposable problems are executed with metaknowledge procedures, shared rule groups, and active values. Examples are provided.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01349625
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    Computer graphics aided geometric modeling and mesh generation schemes for preprocessing and finite element analysis (1988)
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 3 (1988), S. 157-165 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The paper describes automated generation and editing schemes together with the development of computer-aided geometric models for general applications. For the construction of general finite element models of complex shapes, conventional approaches typical of wireframe, surface, or solid modeling cannot be effectively utilized for generating continuum solid models as well as discrete models simultaneously. In view of these facts, features to generate and model two-dimensional as well as threedimensional continuum and discrete models by isoparametric mapping/solid geometrical modeling techniques via a common interactive processor are described. The proposed scheme is demonstrated for modeling structural, thermal, or flow networks that are commonly encountered in engineering applications. In a research environment, the techniques addressed in this paper should prove to be very useful in providing flexibility and thereby significantly reducing the work load of frequent CAD users.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01349627
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    An intelligent modeling environment for a large engineering analysis code: Design issues and development experience (1988)
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 3 (1988), S. 167-179 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes basic research issues and our experience in the development of an intelligent modeling environment for use with a large engineering analysis code. The intelligent environment, the Athena Aide, is a working prototype system that assists analysts in the preparation of models for the ATHENA thermal-hydraulics code. The paper includes the background and basis for our research and descriptions of the analysis code and the intelligent environment, and discusses research topics addressed during the development including design goals, general and specific design issues, information management and representation issues, and user acceptance issues related to the model construction task. Our research has shown that data management is a fundamental consideration during the model construction task and an intelligent environment is a valuable assistant to the analyst in that regard. Providing modeling advice commensurate with the general nature of the analysis code was found to be extremely difficult. For modeling tasks where specific heuristic knowledge has accumulated, useful modeling advice can be provided.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01349628
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    Providing data base management for the CAD environment: The AREDAS approach (1988)
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 3 (1988), S. 207-223 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the integration of data base management systems (DBMSs) into the CAD environment. The motivation for this interest is discussed and several problems are identified that have to be solved in order to yield a genuine coupling of DBMSs and CAD systems. A solution to these problems is proposed in the form of a new architecture for a CAD-DBMS. Based on this, a preliminary implementation is outlined that follows a rapid prototype approach, and in wh ich an access as well as a transaction manager were realized for a software-based fileserver/workstation topology. Some directions for future work are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01202142
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    An evaluation of programming languages and language features for engineering software development (1988)
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 3 (1988), S. 183-199 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract This article addresses the need for engineers to have a working knowledge of the fundamental structures of computer programming languages. In pursuit of this, it briefly looks at the history behind four of the more well-known programming languages. It then attempts to identify, and to look critically at, the attributes of programming languages that significantly affect the production of engineering software. The four “traditional” procedural programming languages chosen for review are those intended for scientific and general purpose programmin—FORTRAN-77, C, Pascal, and Modula-2. These languages are compared and some general observations are made. The emphasis of this article is on the attributes, characteristics, and components of programming languages that are important to software development and maintenance. Consequently, the comparison itself is of secondary importance, with the actual methodology of comparison given prominence in order that professional engineers who need to develop engineering software are able to make rational decisions about the choice of a programming language. Choosing an appropriate language can be a complex task and many factors must be considered. Therefore, in this article the fundamental structures, constructs, and attributes of programming languages are discussed, with very little attention given to the specific syntax of any particular language.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01202140
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    Information technology development: A management perspective (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 4 (1988), S. 3-10 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The opportunities of the information age present a real challenge to business management today. To meet this challenge, and to realize the true benefits of information technology, management must get involved and provide leadership in defining the business direction for an enterprise. It is through this involvement that the enterprise can apply technology to make the maximum impact on how business is conducted. Major information system development projects at General Dynamics Fort Worth will impact the way product definition data is managed and provide an example of how information technology can change the way we do business.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201467
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  • 88
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    Data base system considerations in engineering design (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 4 (1988), S. 19-26 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract A general structural design procedure, including general development and maintenance steps, is outlined from a data requirements perspective. Within each phase of the design process, certain data is required for the undertaking and completion of each design step. As the various steps in the design process such as component and prototype testing and in-service experience generate new or additional data, that information should be incorporated into the data banks for use in current and future designs.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201469
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  • 89
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    The integrated analysis capability (IAC level 2.0) (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 4 (1988), S. 53-63 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The integrated analysis capability (IAC) provides a computational environment that supports the unique needs of engineering analysis groups concerned with interdisciplinary problems. An essential part of IAS is the data management system, which is designed both to maximize computational efficiency and to support a full range of data query and manipulation. This paper described data management issues that we have found to be of critical importance in the IAC development. Because the computational environment of a system such as IAC has a strong influence on the software design trades and decisions, the paper also summarizes the overall system architecture and some of the developments relative to technical modules and data flow requirements. The information presented here is intended to aid potential users in evaluating and selecting an integrated capability, as well as software developers faced with the task of creating or expanding such a capability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201472
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  • 90
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    Strain measurement of structures with curved surface by means of personal computer-based picture processing (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 3 (1988), S. 149-156 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract An optical strain measurement system was developed that includes computer processing of stereoscopic picture data of marks painted on the specimen. This system allows us to measure large strains in specimens with curved surfaces as well as plane surfaces even at elevated temperatures. The results of a verification test performed on a bellows specimen at room temperature have shown that the strain error of this measurement system is allowable considering the limitation of the apparatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01349626
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  • 91
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    Announcement (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 3 (1988), S. 181-181 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01349629
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  • 92
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    The introduction of constraints into a graphics system (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 3 (1988), S. 201-205 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Often a computer-aided design system acts merely as a storehouse for a collection of graphical entities. It has no knowledge of how these interrelate or what the purpose is of the design that they represent. The work described is an initial attempt to enable the user of a system interactively to provide information of this type. This is done in terms of constraints upon the geometric entities that are defined, along with these entities themselves, in a user interface language.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01202141
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  • 93
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    Parallel processsing in finite flement structural analysis (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 3 (1988), S. 225-241 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract A brief review is made of the fundamental concepts and basic issues of parallel processing. Discussion focuses on mechanisms for parallel processing, construction and implementation of parallel numerical algorithms, performance evaluation of parallel processing machines and numerical algorithms, and parallelism in finite element computations. A novel partitioning strategy is outlined for maximizing the degree of parallelism on computers with a small number of powerful processors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01202143
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    Preface (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 4 (1988), S. 1-1 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201466
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  • 95
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    Coping with legacy factors (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 4 (1988), S. 11-17 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Implementers of engineering data base management systems inherit a legacy of existing software and data that must be integrated into the new system with minimum disruption of ongoing activities. Some critical issues addressed here include changes in software engineering practices, impact on user training and procedures, and problems connected with traditional or parochial interests. The material covered describes some experiences in coping with these “legacy factors” during the recent McDonnell Aircraft Company (MCAIR) integrated data base implementation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201468
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  • 96
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    Integrated design support system (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 4 (1988), S. 27-37 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The integrated design support system (IDS) is a concept for capturing the “critical” technical engineering information necessary to perform the functions of maintenance, modification, repair, and reprocurement of Air Force weapon systems. The program will first construct an architecture to define the required information. Next, IDS will construct prototype software to acquire, store, distribute, and perform configuration management on the data. The program will conclude with software simulation of the full-scale IDS system operating in a production environment to determine performance characteristics together with development and operatonal costs for the system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201470
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  • 97
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    An aide for instruction on integrated engineering design and support (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 4 (1988), S. 39-52 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Effective management of engineering information is critically needed for the design of future complex engineering systems. Yet engineers are not trained in engineering data base management concepts. To help address this issue, a prototype integrated design system has been developed for the Air Force to aide research and instruction on key integration concepts, including (1) the use of a shared data base to eliminate redundancies and inconsistencies; (2) the use of a relational data base management system to store, locate, and retrieve data from the shared data base; (3) the development of interfacing programs to act as interpreters between the application programs and the common data base; and (4) the role of executive software to manage the integrated system. Key software used includes a computer-aided design system, a structural analysis program, various graphics packages, and a relational data base management system. To assess system flexibility, additional programs were added to the system. The design of the data base proved to be an important step in this implementation. Several methodologies useful in the design of the data base were investigated and subsequently used to organize the data base for the integrated design system. Results discussed include system development, and applications, as well as the effectiveness of the integrated system's configuration.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201471
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  • 98
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    Sources and standards for computerized materials property data and intelligent knowledge systems (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 4 (1988), S. 75-85 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The explosion of interest in computerized material property data bases and intelligent knowledge systems for flexible manufacturing processes has resulted in two significant developments in the last couple of years: the incorporation of the National Materials Property Data Network, Inc. (MPD Network), and the formation of ASTM Committee E-49 on Computerization of Material Property Data. The MPD Network has the mission of providing engineers and scientists with easy on-line access to worldwide sources of reliable, well-documented material property data. The status of its pilot network and plans for the future are outlined herein. ASTM Committee E-49 has the mission of developing and providing guidelines and standards to aid the builders, maintainers, and suppliers of data bases in meeting the needs of industry and in establishing compatible and consistent sources capable of sharing data. Also reported in this paper is the early progress of the Technical Committee of the MPD Network in establishing guidelines for the evaluation of data, recognizing that there are a number of aspects of data source building and management requiring audit as well as the data itself. It is important that sources of material performance data are well characterized, and that the nature and reliability of the information is conveyed to the user. The further development of guidelines and standard practices in this area will also be dealt with by ASTM Committee E-49. A brief overview of other major material property data base building activities in the United States is also provided.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201474
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  • 99
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    Analyzing technological change: An engineering data base for input-output models of the economy (1988)
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 4 (1988), S. 99-105 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the content and logical structure of an engineering data base, to be constructed from direct technical information, for use with input-output (IO) models of the national economy. These models, which until now have relied almost exclusively on accounting information describing past economic transactions, can now be extended to analyze the future prospects for the U.S. economy and its individual sectors in terms of detailed technical decisions taken at the sites of production. The basic IO data base describes each sector's input in terms of its use of given amounts of goods and services produced in all sectors, per unit of its output. The new data base will distinguish the individual activities carried out within a sector, specify the important technical alternatives for each activity, and describe each alternative in terms of inputs of the required goods and services. The structure of the new data base accommodates the quantification of both production and “overhead” activities and their integration, and its implementation in stages is facilitated by the fact that it is a generalization of the structure of existing IO data bases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201476
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  • 100
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    A LISP-based object-oriented approach to structural analysis (1988)
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    Engineering with computers 4 (1988), S. 197-203 
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    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract An approach to structural analysis is presented in which object-oriented data structures make it possible to arrange computational tasks in a unique fashion. A general matrix-free solution algorithm for use with arbitrary assemblages of linearly connected objects is presented, followed by an overview of a prototype structural analysis program built entirely on such an object-oriented data structure. The principal result is due to the flexibility inherent in this type of data structure, which makes it possible to analyze structural models incrementally as they are developed. Although certainly useful in traditional contexts, the parallel nature of the scheme could be particularly powerful in a multiprocessor environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01213981
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