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  • Articles  (36)
  • barley  (17)
  • rice  (17)
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  • Springer  (36)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • 1985-1989  (36)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1955-1959
  • 1950-1954
  • 1987  (36)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (36)
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  • Articles  (36)
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  • Springer  (36)
  • American Meteorological Society
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  • 1985-1989  (36)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1955-1959
  • 1950-1954
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human vitamin C requirements (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 26 (1987), S. 125-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: vitamin C ; functions ; kinetics ; pool ; saturation ; requirements ; RDA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Bedeutung von Vitamin C für den menschlichen Organismus wird aus den wichtigen Funktionen ersichtlich, an denen das Vitamin beteiligt ist, wie zum Beispiel Kollagen- und Karnitinsynthesen. In neuerer Zeit entdeckt wurde seine Rolle bei der Noradrenalinsynthese, der Inaktivierung von freien Radikalen sowie der Verhinderung der Nitrosaminbildung. Die Vielfalt dieser Vitamin-C-abhängigen Funktionen läßt erkennen, daß die Bedarfsfestsetzung für Vitamin C nicht nur die Verhütung der Mangelkrankheit Skorbut anvisieren, sondern auch berücksichtigen sollte, daß alle diese Funktionen jederzeit genügend Vitamin C zur Verfügung haben müßten, um optimal reagieren zu können. Das Konzept der Gewebesättigung kommt diesem Ziel am nächsten. Studien mit einem kinetischen Modell haben ergeben, daß eine Sättigung mit täglicher Einnahme von 100 mg Vitamin C bei Nichtrauchern und von 140 mg bei Rauchern eintritt, Mengen, die als optimale Werte gelten können. Bei verschiedenen Krankheiten dürfte der Bedarf höher sein; die genauen Mengen müssen jedoch erst noch ermittelt werden.
    Notes: Summary The importance of vitamin C is reflected in its multifunctional roles which include participation in collagen and carnitine syntheses, promotion of iron absorption and the more recently discovered participation in noradrenaline synthesis, inactivation of free radical chain reactions, prevention of N-nitroso compound formation and more. Given the many extra-antiscorbutic functions of the vitamin, the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) should not just prevent deficiency disease but should aim at providing sufficient amounts for all vitamin C-dependent functions to operate at full capacity. The concept of vitamin C tissue saturation is best able to meet this demand. The use of kinetic models has shown that the body pool is saturated with a daily intake of 100 mg vitamin C in non-smokers and 140 mg in smokers, amounts that may be regarded as optimal RDA values. Certain disease states may be accompanied by still higher vitamin C requirements but the exact amounts are not yet known.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02019608
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical levels of Mn in coarse textured rice soils in India for predicting response of barley to Mn application (1987)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 11 (1987), S. 61-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: critical levels of Mn ; coarse textured rice soils ; Mn deficiency ; barley
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Green house studies of 20 soils, having a range in DTPA extractable Mn, were made to determine the critical deficiency level of Mn for predicting response of barley to Mn application. Soil Mn was significantly related with both Bray's per cent dry matter yeild (r = 0.70**) and Mn uptake (r = 0.65**). Soil application of 25 mg Mn kg−1 soil significantly increased yield. Both graphical and statistical models of Cate and Nelson indicated the critical level to be 2.05 mg kg−1 soil of DTPA extractable Mn. The critical Mn deficiency level in 45 day barley plants was 18.6 mg kg−1 dry matter. The predictability of soil and plant critical Mn level was 91 and 80 per cent respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049564
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen leaching and uptake from calcium cyanamide in comparison to urea and calcium ammonium nitrate in an ultisol from the humid tropics (1987)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 12 (1987), S. 193-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: calcium ammonium nitrate ; calcium cyanamide ; humid tropics ; maize ; nitrate leaching ; rice ; ultisol ; urea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Leaching loss of N applied as calcium cyanamide (CaCN2 — 19% N), urea and calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN — 26% N) to a coarse textured, kaolinitic ultisol profile was studied in the laboratory using undisturbed soil columns. The soil columns were leached with an amount of water equivalent to the annual rainfall of the sampling site (2420mm) using a rainfall simulator over a period of 42 days. The ‘leachability’ of the three N fertilizers differed greatly and followed the order of CAN 〉 urea 〉 CaCN2. Most of the N lost through leaching was in NO3 form. Calcium cyanamide lost only 3% of applied N. Breakdown of CaCN2 to NH4 was incomplete (64%) and nitrification in the soil was inhibited resulting in negligible leaching loss. Nitrogen retained in the soil columns after the leaching cycle was mainly in ammoniacal form irrespective of source of N used. Effectiveness of CaCN2 as a N source was also studied in a greenhouse experiment with maize (Zea mays) and upland rice (Oryza sativa) as testing crops. Calcium cyanamide applied one week before sowing of crops was as effective as CAN and urea under conditions of no N leaching. When applied at the time of planting and two or more weeks before planting gave lower dry matter yields and N uptake than CAN and urea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01315104
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of lime on phosphorus adsorption and barley growth in three acid soils (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 103 (1987), S. 75-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: acid soils ; Al toxicity ; barley ; lime ; P adsorption ; P availability ; plant growth ; soil pH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract For three acid soils from Santa Catarina, Brazil, lime application and time of incubation with lime had little effect on the adsorption of added phosphorus. In two soils with high contents of exchangeable aluminium, solution P and isotopically exchangeable P were decreased by incubating with lime for 1 month: phosphorus was probably adsorbing on freshly precipitated aluminium hydrous oxides. In one soil with less exchangeable aluminium, P in solution was increased by liming. After 23 months lime increased solution and exchangeable P possibly due to crystallization of aluminium hydrous oxides reducing the number of sites for P adsorption. All these changes were however small. In a pot experiment, lime and phosphorus markedly increased barley shoot and root dry matter and P uptake. Although liming reduced P availability measured by solution P, isotopically exchangeable P and resin extractable P, it increased phosphorus uptake by reducing aluminium toxicity and promoting better root growth. The soil aluminium saturation was reduced by liming, but the concentration of aluminium in roots changed only slightly. The roots accumulated aluminium without apparently being damaged.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370670
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of zinc fractions and their transformation in submerged rice soils (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 104 (1987), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: rice ; soils ; submergence ; transformation ; zinc fractions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Distribution of different forms of Zn in 16 acid alluvial rice growing soils of West Bengal (India) and their transformation on submergence were studied. The results showed that more than 84% of total Zn occurred in the relatively inactive clay lattice-bound form while a smaller fractionviz. 1.1, 1.6, 11.1 and 2.0 per cent of the total occurred as water-soluble plus exchangeable, organic complexed, amorphous sesquioxide-bound and crystalline sesquioxide bound forms, respectively. All these four Zn forms showed significant negative correlations with soil pH (r=−0.48**, −0.39*, −0.61** and −0.67**, respectively), while the latter two Zn forms showed significant positive correlations with Fe2O3 (0.68** and 0.88***) and Al2O3 (0.89*** and 0.75***) content of the soils. The different Zn forms were found to have positive and significant correlations amongst each other, suggesting the existence of a dynamic equilibrium of these forms in soil. Submergence caused an increase in the amorphous sesquioxide-bound form of Zn and a decrease in each of the other three forms. The magnitude of such decreases in water-soluble plus exchangeable and crystalline sesquioxide-bound forms was found to be correlated negatively with initial pH values of the soils and positively with the increase in the amorphous sesquioxide-bound form, indicating their adsorption on the surface of the freshly formed hydrated oxides of Fe, which view was supported by the existence of significant positive correlation between the increase in the amorphous sesquioxide-bound form of Zn and that in AlCl3-extractable iron. The existence of a positive correlation between the decrease in crystalline sesquioxide-bound Zn and that in Fe2O3 content in soil suggested that on waterlogging the soil Zn occluded in the cry talline sesquioxide was released as a result of reduction of Fe2O3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02372530
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the distribution of complementary genes causing F1 weakness in common rice and its wild relatives. 2. Distribution of two complementary genes, Hwc-1 and Hwc-2 gene in native cultivars and its wild relatives of tropical Asia (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 425-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; O. perennis ; F1 weakness ; geographical distribution of gene ; Indica-Japonica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Distribution of two complementary genes Hwc-1 and Hwc-2 causing F1 weakness was examined using 159 native rice cultivars and 30 strains of wild relatives collected from various sites of tropical Asia including the Himalayan foothills. Hwc-1 is carried by a Peruvian cultivar, Jamaica, a tester cultivar of this experiment. It was not found in the tested cultivars and strains. Hwc-2 was widely distributed in the Japonica types tested. No wild strains had either Hwc-1 or Hwc-2. Hwc-2 was infrequent in the Japonica types collected from Southern Asian countries. Hwc-2 was estimated to be indigenous to the Japonica types, may be linked with certain gene(s) related to adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041485
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Screening for resistance against Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). 2. Hordeum species and interspecific hybrids (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 571-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hordeum ; barley ; Rhopalosiphum padi ; brid cherry-oat aphid ; resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Twenty-seven accessions of Hordeum species and interspecific hybrids were screened in a growth chamber for resistance against the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi. Resistance measurement was based on the aphids' population growth during a 16-day period. The mean number of nymphs produced per female was only about 14% of that on the control cv. Tellus. H. bogdani was the most resistant accession. As a group, interspecific F1-hybrids with common barley (H. vulgare × H. sp.) held an intermediate position. Differences in resistance between hybrids as well as between species (H. jubatum and H. lechleri) were observed. The most resistant species were all diploids. No effects of the host plant on formation of alatae or on the within-plant distribution of aphids were found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041504
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic diversity in barley landraces from Syria and Jordan (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 389-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; barley ; landraces ; environmental stress ; breeding for dry areas ; multilines ; genetic diversity ; genetic resources ; variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Single-head progenies derived from barley landraces collected along the Fertile Crescent in Syria and Jordan were evaluated for agronomic, morphological, and quality traits in a typical barley growing area in Northern Syria. A large diversity was observed both between and within collection sites, and in most cases the variation was useful for breeding purposes. Single plant progenies were identified with larger yields and more desirable expressions of agronomic characters than the original landraces. The utilization of this material in a breeding program for dry areas is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041482
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of barley yellow dwarf tolerance from plant traits in two winter × spring barley crosses (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 585-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; barley ; barley yellow dwarf ; inoculated ; Rhopalosiphum padi ; Yd2 gene locus ; tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Winter-type experimental lines from crosses of two winter-type barley cultivars with a spring-type, barley yellow dwarf (BYD) tolerant cultivar were compared in inoculated and uninoculated hill plots. Mature plants traits-winter survival, height, number of spike-bearing tillers, and biomass-were examined. The experimental lines could not be compared with the BYD tolerant parent using these diagnostic symptoms since the spring-type parent would be winterkilled. Two criteria were used to rate experimental lines for BYD tolerance: (1) nonsignificant difference between BYD-inoculated and BYD-uninoculated treatments for all traits, and (2) a BYD injury score obtained by averaging percent reduction from BYD infection for each trait.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041507
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of plant age on temporal progression of common root-rot (Cochliobolus sativus) lesions on subcrown internodes of wheat and barley (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 101 (1987), S. 127-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: barley ; Cochliobolus sativus ; common root rot ; subcrown internode ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The progression of common root-rot lesions on subcrown internodes of Neepawa wheat and Bonanza barley plants inoculated 14, 26, 38 and 50 days after seeding was measured in growth chamber tests. Both in wheat and barley, lesion development was more rapid in older than in younger plants. Variables such as mean daily rates of linear progression of lesions, disease ratings, and proportion of plants becoming severely diseased were higher in older than in younger plants. The possible stress resulting from the removal of the crown roots on more rapid disease development in older than in younger plants is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02371040
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field calibration of liming responses of four crops using soil pH, Al and Mn (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 102 (1987), S. 21-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: alfalfa ; barley ; liming ; rape ; red clover ; relative crop yields ; soil acidity ; soil pH and aluminium and manganese toxicities ; soil test for Al and Mn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Liming trials were conducted at 28 sites in the western Great Plains of Canada for barley, rape, red clover and alfalfa. Yield increases from liming correlated with soil pH and Al but not with Mn. When all sites were included, yield increases from liming correlated closely (r=0.86 to 0.94) with exchangeable Al, percent Al saturation and 0.02M CaCl2-Al for barley, rape and red clover, these responses having correlated less well (R=0.56 to 0.72) with soil pH. Alfalfa yield responses gave low correlations with both pH and the Al measurements. When only the sites with soil pH≥5 were used, the yield responses to lime of barley and rape still correlated better with the Al measurements than with pH even though the correlations, in general, were much lower than when all sites were included. For the sites with soil pH〉-5, the correlations were highest for yield responses of barley and rape with 0.02M CaCl2-Al. It is suggested that the use of toxic Al and Mn for routinely diagnosing the limiting factor by soil acidity could improve on the economy of liming.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370895
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of Azolla management on the growth, yield of rice and soil fertility (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 102 (1987), S. 49-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Azolla pinnata ; Azolla dual cropping ; N ; P uptake ; rice ; soil fertility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Azolla and urea application in a rice field transplanted with square (20 cm×20 cm) and rectangular (10 cm×40 cm) spacings for three consecutive seasons were found to increase significantly uptake of N and P by the rice plants, irrespective of seasons. Azolla treatments increased the organic C content of the soil during both wet and dry seasons, while its N and P contents were more only during the wet seasons. Urea did not affect N, P and organic C contents of the soil. Spacing had no significant effect on N and P uptake by the rice plant or N, P and C contents of the soil. Maximum N and P uptake in rice were obtained by growing two crops of Azolla after transplanting in addition to its incorporation before transplanting. This treatment showed significantly more N uptake than the urea at 60 kg N ha−1 during wet and dry seasons of 1982. Among Azolla treatments, twice Azolla dual cropping although showed comparatively lower uptake of N and P, it was comparable to that of 60 kg N ha−1 urea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370899
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tiller expansion and retranslocation of previously absorbed nitrogen among main stems, tillers and roots of two barley cultivars (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 102 (1987), S. 61-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: barley ; cultivar ; main stem ; net flux ; nitrogen ; partitioning ; root ; tiller ; vegetative adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L. cvs Hellas and Kajsa), grown in nutrient solutions, were supplied with15NO 3 − from day 12 to day 16. Changes in distribution of15N between different plant parts were followed during ageing, (days 16, 28 and 52) to study differences in redistribution of N induced by variation in NO 3 − supply and choice of cultivar. Main stems and tillers competed for previously absorbed N and their competitive strength depended on their growth rate. Inhibition of tillering during N stress protected the main stem from detrimental losses of a limiting resource. Tillers on Hellas received in most cases proportionally more15N from the rest of the plant than tillers on Kajsa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370901
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Root dynamics in barley, lucerne and meadow fescue investigated with a mini-rhizotron technique (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 103 (1987), S. 33-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: barley ; depth distribution ; lucerne ; meadow fescue ; mini-rhizotron ; root dynamics ; undersowing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Root development, including depth distribution, was followed in pure barley stands (Hordeum distichum, L.) with or without nitrogen fertilization and in barley undersown with lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) or meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis, Huds.). The number of roots per 5 cm depth level down to 1 m was counted frequently during the growing season using mini-rhizotrons, i.e., transparent tubes inserted into the soil. Root biomass at different depths down to 1 m was estimated from soil cores taken one month before harvest. The results from the two methods were compared and root counts in the different treatments were compared with the above-ground growth and production. Nitrogen-fertilized barley in pure stand had the highest biomass both above and below ground. According to the mini-rhizotron observations this treatment also had a deeper and denser root system, until barley harvest, than the other treatments. After barley harvest, roots from the undersown lucerne continued to increase, whereas the number of roots in the undersown meadow fescue remained the same. The root system in barley/meadow fescue did not penetrate into the subsoil, where more than 60% of the number of roots in barley undersown with lucerne were found. In general, the mini-rhizotron results indicated a higher relative abundance of roots in the deeper layers than the root biomass estimated with the soil coring method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370664
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the population of infective endomycorrhizal fungi in a rice-based cropping system (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 103 (1987), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: corn ; cropping pattern ; inoculum potential ; mungbean ; rice ; VAM fungi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The numbers of infectious propagules of indigenous vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi were determined at different stages of the rice-based cropping systems in two irrigated rice fields of varying strata and in a rainfed field. The most-probable-number method was used to estimate the infective VAM fungal population. On the irrigated farms the mycorrhizal inoculum was consistently less in the poorly drained low-lying field with a rice-rice cropping pattern than in the field in the better-drained upper stratum with a rice-corn-mung-bean pattern. The population of infective VAM fungi was generally low after the wet season rice crop when the field was inundated for a long period, increased during fallow in the presence of weeds, and was highest upon the maturity of the dry-season corn or rice crop. In the rainfed area the highest endophytic population was found at maturity of the mungbean crop and the lowest after land preparation prior to rice seeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370669
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  • 16
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    Water stress effects on leaf elongation, leaf water potential, transpiration, and nutrient uptake of rice, maize, and soybean (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 103 (1987), S. 155-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: leaf elongation rate ; leaf water potential ; maize ; nitrogen ; nutrient uptake ; phosphorus ; potassium ; rice ; soybean ; transpiration rate ; water stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse to determine and compare the responses of rice (Oryza sativa L. var, IR 36), maize (Zea mays L. var. DMR-2), and soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. var. Clark 63) to soil water stress. Leaf elongation, dawn leaf water potential, transpiration rate, and nutrient uptake in stressed rice declined earlier than in maize and soybean. Maize and soybean, compared with rice, maintained high dawn leaf water potential for a longer period of water stress before leaf water potential. Nutrient uptake under water stress conditions was influenced more by the capacity of the roots to absorb nutrients than by transpiration. Transport of nutrients to the shoots may occur even at reduced transpiration rate It is concluded that the ability of maize and soybean to grow better than rice under water stress conditions may be due to their ability to maintain turgor as a result of the slow decline in leaf water potential brought about by low, transpiration rate and continued uptake of nutrient, especially K, which must have allowed osmotic adjustment to occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370385
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
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    Effect of Na/Ca and Na/K ratios in saline culture solution on the growth and mineral nutrition of rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 104 (1987), S. 57-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: calcium deficiency ; Na/Ca ratio ; Na/K ratio ; rice ; saline culture solution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Two experiments were conducted in saline culture solution to find out the causes of rolling and bleaching of young leaves of rice, observed previously in experiments on coastal saline-sodic soil. Symptoms similar to those methioned above were observed on young leaves of cv. KS282 in saline culture solution with Na/Ca ratios of 100 or greater. These symptoms were due to Ca deficiency but not of Cu, since Cu concentration was higher in saline shoots than in the control. The decreasing Na/K or Na/Ca ratio in the saline solution decreased Na and Cl concentration in the shoot. In addition to salinity, Na/Ca and Na/K ratios of the growth medium significantly influenced the shoot and root growth of rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370625
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salt tolerance of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars at the germination stage: Analysis of the response functions (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 104 (1987), S. 53-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: barley ; germination ; response functions ; salt tolerance ; screening ; threshold salinity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Two models, initially proposed by Van Genuchten (1983) for evaluating salinity-yield response curves at the adult stage, were applied to study the salinity response of 24 barley cultivars at the germination stage. According to the calculated salinity threshold, ECt (the solution electrical conductivity, EC, at which germination starts to decrease), and EC50 (the solution EC at which germination is reduced by 50%) parameters, both models give similar results, although model 2, a sigmoid-form curve, fits the observed data slightly better than model 1, a piecewise response function. Also, the results suggest that, for model 1, ECt seems to be the most reliable parameter for screening barley germplasm because it clearly discriminates the relative salt-tolerance of the studied cultivars and, furthermore, it basically determines their salinity response for the 100 to 50% germination interval. On the other hand, the model 1 s parameter — percent germination decrease per unit salinity increase bove ECt—is less relevant because of its smaller variation interval and lack of correlation with EC50, indicating that the salinity response of the studied cultivars for the 50% germination value is independent of this parameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370624
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    Mineral nutrients in floodwater and floating rice growing at water depths up to two metres (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 104 (1987), S. 147-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: floodwater ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; oxygen ; rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Concentrations of N, P and K were measured in floodwater and in floating rice cultivars growing at up to 2m water depths in the central flood plain of Thailand. Concentrations of N, P and K in floodwater were often higher than those reported for oligotrophic lakes, nevertheless the floodwater contained 4–45 times less K and 15–90 times less N than concentrations reported in most soil solutions. P concentrations were similar in the floodwater and in most soil solutions. Concentrations of nutrients in leaves indicated there may be deficiencies of P at two sites and a deficiency of N at one of two sites. Data are discussed in terms of reduced nutrient uptake in rice fields at low O2 concentrations which have recently been measured in these areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370637
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  • 20
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    Mineralization of nitrogen from15N labelled fungi, soil microbial biomass and roots and its uptake by barley plants (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 102 (1987), S. 71-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: barley ; chloroform fumigation ; fungi ; 15N-nitrate ; microbial biomass N ; mineralization ; roots
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The availability of nitrogen in15N labelled fungi, soil microbial biomass (Ca(15NO3)2 immobilized by addition of glucose), barley roots and Ca(NO3)2 to barley plants was investigated in a greenhouse experiment. Samples of above-ground plant biomass were taken five times during 76 days. During this time, and at the start of the experiment, the C and N contents of the soil microbial biomass were determined. Microbial biomass-C decreased during the first 41 days, and then increased back to pre-treatment levels. Only 2% of the total soil15N was found in the microbial biomass two days after additions of Ca(15NO3)2. At the final sampling 76 days later, 17% of the15N remaining in soil was found in the microbial biomass. In the other tratments, microbial biomass-N accounted for 20% of remaining soil15N in the one that had received fungi, 29% in the one with barley roots and 35% in the Ca(NO3)2 plus glucose treatment. At harvest, 38% of the soil15N at day 0 added as Ca(NO3)2-N, 29% of fungal-N, 10% of N immobilized in the soil microbial biomass and 7% of N in barley roots was recovered in the above-ground plant biomass. It can be concluded that nitrogen in the native soil biomass is resistant to mineralization and plant uptake. The use of laboratory grown organisms for mineralization studies will overestimate the plant availability of nitrogen in soil microorganisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370903
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  • 21
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    Nitrogen mineralization rates in salinevs. salt-amended soils (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 104 (1987), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: ammonification ; kinetics ; nitrification ; osmotic potentials ; soluble salts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Studies were conducted to compare N mineralization rates in salt-amended nonsaline soils to naturally-occurring saline soils. NaCl, CaCl2, and Na2SO4 were added to nonsaline soils at rates that produced electrical conductivities of the saturation extracts (ECe) of 5, 10, 15, and 20 dS m−1. Saline soils with similar properties were leached to the same ECc levels. N mineralization in the Chino soil was inhibited by salt addition, particularly with sodium and calcium chlorides. In the Domino soil there was some inhibition of N mineralization with the chloride salts, but enhancement with Na2SO4 was observed. Nitrification in both soils was more sensitive to salt addition than ammonification. N mineralization occurred more slowly in both leached saline soils compared to the salt-amended soils. Leached saline soils often accumulated greater amounts of inorganic N compared to their native saline counterparts, particularly with the 5 dS m−1 Chino soil (native, 44 dS m−1) and with the 5, 10, 15 and 20 dS m−1 Domino soils (native, 32 dS m−1). Kinetic parameters were estimated by the linear least squares (LLS) and the nonlinear least squares (NLLS) methods. Generally, the LLS transformation estimated greater values of potentially mineralizable N (No) and lower rate constants (k). With the NLLS equation, No values for the leached saline soils were usually lower, and k values usually higher than in the salt-amended soils. The nonsaline controls generally had the highest No and lowest k estimates. Average LLS rate constants for the salt-amended and leached saline soils were 0.055 and 0.083 for the Chino, and 0.104 and 0.137 week−1, respectively, for the Domino soils. With the NLLS equation, average k values for the salt-amended and leached saline soils were 0.087 and 0.089 for the Chino, and 0.181 and 0.387 week−1, respectively, for the Domino soils. These results suggest that N mineralization rates obtained in salt-amended nonsaline soils may not be representative of those in naturally-occurring saline soils.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370619
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  • 22
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    Yield potential and drought tolerance of segregating populations of barley in contrasting environments (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 265-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; barley ; dry areas ; stress-tolerance ; stability ; bulk method ; multilocation testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Using the traditional approach (selection for grain yield) it has been found that F3 families derived from F2's selected under unfavourable conditions were more vigorous in the early stages of growth, taller, earlier in heading and with larger yields than F3 families derived from F2's selected under favourable conditions. A high and negative correlation coefficient was found between the drought susceptibility index and grain yield at the driest site, whereas at the wettest site the correlation coefficients were lower and in some cases positive, indicating the existence of traits which are desirable under drought and undesirable under favourable conditions, or vice versa. Expected responses to selection for grain yield using different selection criteria indicated that selection under stress conditions is expected to be more efficient than selection under favourable conditions when dry areas is the target environment. Expected responses to selection for grain yield using different selection criteria indicated that selection under stress conditions is expected to be more efficient than selection under favourable conditions when dry areas is the target environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00730673
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  • 23
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    Balance sheet of15N labelled urea applied to rice in three Australian vertisols differing in soil organic carbon (1987)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 12 (1987), S. 53-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: balance sheet ; 15N ; urea ; rice ; vertisols ; soil organic carbon ; nitrogen losses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A glasshouse experiment was conducted to study the balance sheet of15N labelled urea at three rates (zero, 31.48 and 62.97 mmol N pot−1) applied to rice under flooded conditions with two moisture regimes (continuous and alternate flooding) using three Australian vertisols differing in organic carbon level. Walkley-Black organic carbon values for the three soils were 0.65, 2.13 and 3.76 for the low carbon (LC), medium carbon (MC) and high carbon (HC) soils respectively. Rice dry weight and nitrogen uptake was significantly affected by N fertilizer rates, water regimes and soils. Alternate flooding gave much lower dry weight and nitrogen uptake than continuous flooding and the LC soil gave lower dry weight and nitrogen uptake than for the MC and HC soils. Recovery of15N labelled urea fertilizer in the rice plant was low (15.4 to 38.4%) and the15N urea not accounted for in the plant or soil and presumed lost was high (36.2 to 76.0%). Recovery was lower and loss higher under alternate flooding and for the LC soil. There was no effect of fertilizer rate. The results obtained stress the need for careful management to reduce losses of nitrogen fertilizer, particularly for soils low in organic carbon.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049420
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  • 24
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    Effect of wheat and barley varietal differences in nitrate concentration on plant analysis interpretation (1987)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 12 (1987), S. 157-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: barley ; wheat ; nitrate concentration ; plant analysis ; genotypic differences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Wheat and barley varieties from breeding plots in advanced yield trials were tested for NO3 concentration in their stems at the tillering stage. The study was carried out for three years, at three different locations with a high number of varieties, aiming to determine whether there are varietal differences which could affect the interpretation of prognostic standards set up in a previous study. From nine comparisons between 12 different varieties it was shown that differences in NO3 concentration occurred on only three occasions and these were due to factors which affect NO3 in plants, other than genotypic. The study concluded that varietal differences in NO3 concentration are not a critical consideration for the interpretation of prognostic standards for genotypes which have been developed for certain environmental conditions.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01048915
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    Inhibition of algal photosynthesis to control pH and reduce ammonia volatilization from rice floodwater (1987)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 13 (1987), S. 13-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: rice ; algicide ; pH ; alkalinity ; urea fertilizer ; NH3 volatilization ; N loss ; fertilizer efficiency ; algae ; terbutryne
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract When urea or ammoniacal-N fertilizers are applied to the floodwater of a rice crop, fertilizer use efficiency is often reduced because there are substantial losses of NH3 by volatilization. As pH rises the potential loss increases exponentially due to the increasing dominance of volatile NH3 gas in equilibrium with NH 4 + . We postulate that the daytime pH rise is caused mainly by photosynthesis of algae and Cyanobacteria, and that addition of a suitable photosynthetic inhibitor, concurrently with fertilizer, should suppress the pH rise, thus conserving N in the form of the non-volatile NH 4 + . We selected terbutryne (2-(tert-butylamino)-4-(ethylamino)-6-(methylthio)-s-triazine) as the most promising inhibitor. In rice floodwater fertilized with urea the addition of terbutryne dampened the diurnal fluctuation in pH for 6 days and significantly increased the ammoniacal-N (AN) concentration measured in the floodwater. The concentration of ammonia gas in the air in equilibrium with the water,ϱ 0, which is proportional to the gaseous flux of NH3 at a given wind speed, was substantially reduced by terbutryne addition. Maximum values were reduced by over 50%. Terbutryne reduced the calculated cumulative NH3 emission by 43%, relative to the fertilizer (N + P) control. Terbutryne also suppressed photosynthetic oxygen production. Therefore, it may reduce N fertilizer losses by inhibiting nitrification, an aerobic process, so retarding subsequent denitrification losses of gaseous nitrogen and nitrogen oxides.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049799
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    Constraints on deep tubewell irrigation in three districts of Bangladesh (1987)
    Springer
    Irrigation and drainage systems 1 (1987), S. 277-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0654
    Keywords: irrigation ; tubewells ; constraints ; cropping systems ; rice ; equity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The constraints on the effectiveness of twenty one deep tubewell schemes in Tangail, Mymensingh and Jamalpur Districts were studied. Major problems were the difficulty of constructing small earthworks (aqueducts), inconsistencies in credit provision, and the non-availability of HYV rice varieties with appropriate characteristics to exploit the irrigation. Research on farmer's cropping choice is reported, and conclusions aer drawn on issues of equity and project identification.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01102936
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  • 27
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    Genetic studies on the interspecific cytoplasm substitution lines of an Asian perennial strain of Oryza rufipogon Griff. and O. glaberrima Steud. (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 529-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryzasativa ; rice ; japonica variety ; indica variety ; O. glaberrima ; O. rufipogon ; wild rice ; cytoplasm substitution line ; cytoplasmic male sterility ; sporophytic type
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary It is shown that the restorer gene Rf j extracted from the Japanese rice variety Akebono is effective on pollen restoration in the cytoplasm substitution line having the nucleus of Oryza glaberrima and japonica or indica cytoplasm of O. sativa, and is of the sporophytic type. The Asian perennial type of the wild rice species O. rufipogon is considered to be the progenitor of O. sativa. Two substitution lines having the cytoplasm of a perennial strain of O. rufipogon from Sri Lanka and the nucleus of O. glaberrima with or without the gene Rf j in homozygous condition have been bred by means of successive backcrosses. These lines have now reached the BC5 generation. Plants of the lines resemble morphologically the recurrent parent, but do not show pollen restoration, indicating that the cytoplasm of the rufipogon strain induced male sterility and that the gene Rf j does not act as the restorer.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041498
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    The importance of abortive stoma penetration in the partial resistance and nonhost reaction of adult barley and wheat plants to leaf rust fungi (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 725-731 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; barley ; Triticum aestivum ; breadwheat ; Puccinia hordei ; Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici ; leaf rust ; partial resistance ; nonhost resistance ; adult plant ; stoma penetration ; stomatal exclusion ; histology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Early stages of the infection process of Puccinia hordei isolate 1.2.1 and of a P. recondita f.sp. tritici isolate were studied on adult plants of four barley lines and one wheat line. Two of the barley lines are extremely susceptible to P. hordei, the other two have a very high level of partial resistance. A histological study based on a trypan blue staining indicated that stoma penetration by P. hordei isolate 1.2.1 was equally successful on the susceptible as on the partially resistant adult barley plants. Abortion of substomatal vesicles was rare in all lines. These results do not support a hypothesis that mechanisms of partial resistance in adult plants differ from those in seedlings by a substantial abortive stoma penetration. Also in the nonhost combinations wheat-P. hordei and barley-P. recondita f.sp. tritici inhibition of stoma penetration and of substomatal vesicle development appears to play a biologically insignificant role in adult plants. The proportion of stoma penetration on the leaf sheaths of two of the barley lines was as high as on the leaf blades of the flag leaf and the leaf below the flag leaf. There was no evidence for stomatal exclusion as a crucial factor in the relatively low infectibility of leaf sheaths to leaf-blade specialized rust species.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00051855
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    Aeschynomene as green manure for rice (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 101 (1987), S. 141-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Aeschynomene ; green ; manure ; Rhizobium ; rice ; stem-nodulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A preliminary investigation was conducted in 1 m2 microplots using two stem nodulatedAeschynomene species,A. afraspera andA. nilotica, to evaluate their beneficial effects as green manure on the yield and the nitrogen content of rice.A. afraspera andA. nilotica yielded 7.5 and 9.2 kg m−2 of fresh matter, (42.3 and 53.2 g N m−2 respectively) in 7 weeks growth. Green manuring increased grain yield by more than 80% over the control and by 45% over rice fertilized with 10 g N-urea m−2. The nitrogen content of grain and straw was significantly higher in treatments with Aeschynomene green manure than in other treatments.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02371043
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    Infrared thermometry leaf temperature measurements and common root rot of spring wheat and spring barley (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 101 (1987), S. 287-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: barley ; common root rot ; infrared thermometry ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In field trials done from 1983 to 1985, two cultivars of wheat and two cultivars of barley were rated periodically for common root rot, and leaf temperatures were recorded with a hand-held infrared thermometer. Significant differences for common root rot occurred between cultivars of both wheat and barley but leaf temperatures did not differ among cultivars. Disease rating and leaf temperature were not correlated in wheat and only 2 of 47 comparisons were positively correlated in barley.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370657
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    Do cyanobacteria enhance germination and growth of rice? (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 101 (1987), S. 235-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: anabaena ; axenic culture ; cyanobacteria ; germination ; nostoc ; plant growth regulators ; rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A screening of 133 cyanobacterial strains in logarithmic growth phase was done to study their effects on rice germination and growth. In unialgal, non axenic culture 30% of the strains had no effect, while 70% of the strains had a negative effect on germination. In contrast, growth of rice was stimulated by 21% of the isolates and inhibited by 12%. Although 57% of the unicellular strains had a positive effect and many Nostoc strains had a negative one, it was not possible to correlate specific effects with taxonomic groups. Among the eight strains showing a stimulatory effect on growth only Anabaena 77S19 remained effective in axenic culture. Partitioning Anabaena 77S19 exudates into three fractions revealed that the organic fraction was more inhibitory. From this work it is concluded that presoaking rice seeds in a cyanobacterial culture should be done with caution or avoided altogether.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370650
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    In situ nitrate reductase activity as an indicator of nitrate availability (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 102 (1987), S. 145-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: barley ; fertilizer ; nitrate ; nitrate reductase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effect of external nitrate concentration in the nutrient solution on nitrate reduction by 7-day-old barley seedlings was investigated using anin situ nitrate reductase activity (NRA) assay, performed with or without exogenous nitrate during the incubation. The difference between plus and minus nitrate NRA of the leaves related to plus nitrate NRA decreased with increasing nitrate concentration in the nutrient solution. Furthermore, the root contribution to the whole plant NRA became predominant at low external nitrate levels. It is proposed that plus and minus nitrate NRA should be used together as an indicator of nitrate availability in the medium and of root contribution to whole plant nitrate reduction.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370917
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    Plant regeneration from embryo-callus culture in barley (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 659-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; barley ; regeneration ; somaclonal variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Plants were regenerated from callus cultures initiated from immature embryos of barley, Hordeum vulgare L. Immature embryos from seven diverse genotypes were cultured on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.5 mg 2,4-D and 6.5 mg IAA/l. Of the 249 embryos cultured, 30% initiated callus within 8 days. Subculture of callus for 80 to 100 days on half-MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l zeatin resulted in organogenesis. Culture of organogenic calli for 30 days on half-MS medium without growth regulators produced plants which originated mostly via multiple shoot formation. Callusing response of the tested genotypes ranged from zero to 44%; however, only 23% of the calli were regenerative. Regenerated plants included variants for chlorophyll deficiency, plant height, stem thickness, spike shape, pollen fertility, seed set and ploidy.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041516
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    Nutritional properties of nonrice crops in the Asian Rice Farming Systems Network (1987)
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 36 (1987), S. 273-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Keywords: rice ; corn ; sorghum ; bushsitao ; cowpea ; mungbean ; peanut ; pigeonpea ; soybean ; protein and energy yields ; amino acid score
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Six legume crops and three cereal crops in the Asian Rice Farming Systems Network were compared with IR58 brown rice in terms of dry matter, energy and protein yields per hectare. Sorghum was closest to brown rice in dry matter and energy yield but soybean had the highest protein yield. Peanut and soybean had higher crude fat than the other crops which accounted for their high energy content and yield among the legumes. Amino acid analysis showed cowpea, mungbean, pigeonpea, bushsitao, and soybean protein as limiting in sulfur amino acids (cysteine + methionine). Peanut protein was limiting in either lysine or tryptophan + threonine. Corn, sorghum and wheat proteins were limiting in lysine.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01892349
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    Protein, amino acids and some major and trace elements in Thai and Norwegian mushrooms (1987)
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 37 (1987), S. 117-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Keywords: Thailand ; Norway ; mushrooms ; rice ; amino acids ; mineral elements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Six edible Thai mushroom species were analysed for protein, in vitro protein digestibility, amino acids and major and trace elements. The results for protein and amino acids were discussed relative to the contents in Thai rice. The contents of mineral elements showed great variation, in agreement with literature data. Two samples (Hunukao and Hom) were rich in calcium and one (Phang) was rich in iron and copper. For comparison results for samples of edible mushrooms obtained in Norway were included.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01092047
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    Protein and energy utilization of boiled rice-legume diets and boiled cereals in growing rats (1987)
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 37 (1987), S. 237-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Keywords: protein and energy utilization ; rice ; corn ; sorghum ; wheat ; six rice-legume diets ; phenols ; sugars
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In growing rats, boiled milled rice-legume diets (2:1 N ratio) had lower energy digestigibility than boiled milled rice and equal if not better true digestibility, biological value, and net protein utilization (NPU). Rice-soybean diets showed better NPU than the other rice-legume diets. Boiled whole-grain corn and sorghum had lower digstible energy and NPU than boiled milled rice. NPU of the diets did not follow strictly the trend of the amino acid score of the diets; phenol (tannin) content reduced energy and protein digestibility of all diets, but sugars reduced energy and protein digestibilities of rice-legume diets only.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01091788
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