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  • Gas chromatography  (34)
  • Laboratory measurements
  • Textbook of geophysics
  • Springer  (35)
  • Balkema
  • Wiley
  • 1985-1989  (35)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1986  (35)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of hydrocarbons under presumed prebiotic conditions using high-frequency discharge (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 23 (1986), S. 113-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Primordial terrestrial atmospheres ; CH4, C2H2, CO2 ; Prebiotic synthesis ; High-frequency discharge ; Hydrocarbons ; Gas chromatography ; Mass Spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Various hydrocarbons were synthesized by high-frequency discharge in a primordial terrestrial model atmosphere. The products were extracted by benzene or methanol and analyzed by GC-MS. The mean carbon chain length of the hydrocarbons formed by the discharge through pure CH4 gas was less than 6. Benzene was also obtained. Some isomers were obtained for each of the hydrocarbons containing a given number of carbons. When a small amount of C2H2 was added to the CH4, longer chain compounds were formed, as compared with discharge in CH4 only. However, when the amount of C2H2 was increased, unextractable high molecular weight compounds were produced. The amounts of products decreased as the mixing ratio of CO2 to CH4 increased. No hydrocarbons were detected when the ratio of CO2/CH4 exceeded 1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02099905
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of cyanogen and cyanogen chloride using gas chromatography with a flame ionisation detector (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 161-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Flame ionisation detection ; Cyanogen ; Cyanogen chloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The response of a flame ionisation detector (FID) to cyanogen ((CN)2) and cyanogen chloride (CNCI) has been studied. The lower limits of detection for (CN)2 and CNCl were 6×10−12 moles and 2×10−11 moles respectively. In a comparative study a thermal conductivity detector gave as its lower limit of detection for both (CN)2 and CNCl 4×10−11 moles. Both detectors showed excellent linearity over the range 0 to 10 micromoles. The ratio of the gradients of the FID calibrations (CN)2/CNCI were found to be approximately two suggesting the response depended on the cyanide group. The response and stability of the FID was investigated as a function of air and hydrogen flow-rates. The response increased with increasing air flow-rate for both (CN)2 and CNCI up to 300cm3min−1, thereafter no significant increase was observed. On raising the hydrogen flow from 10 to 25cm3min−1 only a slight increase in the sensitivity of the FID towards both (CN)2 and CNCI was observed. At higher flow rates the response for (CN)2 increased markedly whereas at the same flow rates the response for CNCI increased only slightly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311746
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of adsorption and solution of acetylacetonates of Cr(III), Co(III) and Al(III) by gas chromatography (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 214-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Behaviour of metal acetylacetonates ; Adsorption isotherms ; Heat of solution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Specific retention volumes, adsorption isotherms, molar heats of solution and changes of the entropy were determined from chromatographic data, which was obtained by the gas chromatographic separation of metal acetylacetonates. The retention data for Cr(III), Co(III) and Al(III) acetylacetonates were measured at different temperatures and different flow rates. From the retention data other values associated with adsorption and solution phenomena were calculated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311889
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilized stationary phase on the basis of polyethylene glycol cross-linked with pluriisocyanates of the Desmodur type (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 454-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Immobilized stationary phase ; Carbowax-type stationary phase ; Cross-linked polyurethane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The preparation of an immobilized stationary phase based on Carbowax 20M is described. The stationary phase cross-linking was carried out with Desmodur N 75 or Desmodur L 75, pluriisocyanates. The properties of the prepared stationary phases are compared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02341270
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some improvements in the determination of volatile nitrosamines by fused silica capillary-GC in combination with a thermal energy analyzer (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Volatile nitrosamines ; Fused silica capillary columns ; Linear indices
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Fused silica capillary columns of different diameters and polarities are linked to a thermal energy analyzer and a flame ionisation detector for comparison. Extra column effects are discussed. Unsymmetrical homologue nitrosamines are applied in order to assign the volatile nitrosamines most often to be determined by their linear indices rather than by their overall retention times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257301
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of carbon monoxide and water gas as the flame-forming agent in the thermionic detector (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 95-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Thermionic detector ; Flame-forming agents ; CO2 and water gas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The use of carbon monoxide were suggested as the flame-forming agent in the thermionic detector (TID). The main characteristics of this detector were studied. It was shown that the optimum flow rate of carbon monoxide is 40 ml/min at an air flow rate of 400–550 ml/min. The response increases twice with the positive potential on the collector. Molar responses of TID were compared with those obtained when using carbon monoxide and hydrogen. For instance, for phosphorus containing compounds they are approximately the same (∼102), while for nitrogen containing compounds in the case of carbon monoxide, there is a 2–5 fold increase in the response. The linear dynamic range for methaphose and azobenzene is 103.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257307
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the interaction of olefin-bonded transition metal complexes by gas chromatography. II. Phosphine complexes of Cu(II) (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 147-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Metal complexes ; Chemically bonded phase ; Specific interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Packings consisting of chemically bonded diphenylphosphine complexes with CuCl2 and CuBr2 were synthesized and their retention parameters determined. The packings investigated are capable of specific interactions with electron-donating compounds and are characterized by particularly high selectivity in relation to cis and trans isomers allowing their complete separation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257316
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixed micropacked columns designed for selective separation of fermentation products (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 358-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Micropacked columns ; Quantitation ; Fermentation products
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new method is proposed for the analysis by gas chromatography of volatile compounds found in alcoholic and acetic fermentation samples. The method represents a suitable choice for the accurate and precise determination of 19 compounds (including Methanol) by direct injection onto a single column. Chromatograms of synthetic mixtures as well as actual samples show the capabilities of the micropacked column used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02268790
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of C2−C5 hydrocarbons in air by pre-concentration on silica gel at dry ice temperature (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 183-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; C2−C5 hydrocarbons ; Pre-Concentration on silica gel ; Sorption efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A short stainless steel column packed with silica gel is cooled to −78°C and atmospheric hydrocarbons are preconcentrated from 3 I of air on it. Desorption to the analytical column is by heating for 10 min to 200°C. Analysis is by GC on OPN-Poracil C at 27°C. The sorption efficiencies were nearly 100% for most of the light hydrocarbons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257323
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic analysis of free fatty acids and glycerides of milk fat using tetramethylammonium hydroxide as catalyste (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 37-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Preparation of methyl esters ; Tetramethylammonium hydroxide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Tetramethylammonium hydroxide in methanol has been proposed as a catalyst for preparing methyl esters of both free fatty acids and glycerides of fats. Nevertheless, procedures normally recognized as suitable can be inadequate when the fat under study contains noticeable amounts of low relative molecular mass esters. The method using tetramethylammonium hydroxide has been examined and modified in order to analyze milk fats by capillary GC. The pyrolysis methylation of free fatty acids in capillary injectors has been also studied. The modified method was satisfactory for both neutral and acid milk fats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02310592
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selectivity tuning of serially connected open-tubular (capillary) columns in gas chromatography. Part I: Fundamental relationships (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 561-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Multi-chromatography ; Selectivity tuning ; Column combination ; Theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The evolution of the use of mixed phases or serial column combinations is outlined, leading to systems with fixed-length columns to be used in selectivity tuning (“multi-chromatography”). The difference between multi-chromatography and multi-dimensional gas chromatography is outlined. After discussing the system used in subsequent work, the fundamental relationships of multi-chromatography are detailed. Among the basic relationships the additivity of retention data, the relationship between the individual and composite capacity factors and the relative retentivity serving as the fundamental parameter of a multi-chromatography system are discussed. The relative retentivity is derived as a function of gas holdup times, pressures, and average velocities or flow rates. Finally, the relationships between individual vs. composite relative retention, efficiency, and resolution values are deduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311838
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Porous polymers coated with stationary phases. Contribution of the support to retention behaviour in gas chromatography. Chromosorb 102 coated with ethofat 60/25, squalane and fractonitril VI. Calculation of the experimental partition constants (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Coated porous polymers ; Partition coefficients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Following previous work on the solute-stationary phase-adsorbent interaction phenomena associated with the use of Chromosorb 101 support in gas chromatography, the retention of different polarity compounds on columns of Ethofat, squalane and Fractonitril VI on Chromosorb 102 has been studied. The experimental partition coefficients in these three liquid phases have been compared with those ones obtained earlier on Chromosorb 101 and Chromosorb P. The values have been related to the geometry of the support surface and the different coating of the liquid phases by scanning electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311681
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic retention indices for alkenes on OV-101 and squalane capillary columns (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 149-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Retention indices ; Comparison of data ; Alkenes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Gas chromatographic retention indices for 47 C5 to C8 alkenes on OV-101 dimethylsilicone at 50 and 70 °C were determined within a standard deviation of 0.3i.u. Data obtained on OV-101 are compared with those measured on squalane. The comparison of the retention index and dl/dT values from both columns is presented as linear regression equations with correlation coefficients greater than 0.98.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311743
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct alkylation of carboxylic in aqueous samples (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 157-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Alkylation ; Carboxylic acids ; Urine analysis ; Micelles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Carboxylic acids can be converted to their methyl esters in an aqueous sample which contains no organic solvent. The reaction appears to be assisted by the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt surfactant. The procedure is best described as a pseudo-organic phase, or micelle-like, reaction. The important experimental variables have been optimized by Simplex procedures. The reaction proceeds in 80–100% yield, for common carboxylic acids, at room temperature in less than one hour. This reaction is superior to existing two-phase extractive alkylation procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311745
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic determination of adsorption terms on Chromosorb 102 coated with squalane and Fractonitril VI. Study of adsorption phenomena using porous polymers coated with liquid phases (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 169-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Coated porous polymers ; Adsorption phenomena ; Surface areas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The behaviour of Chromosorb 101 and Chromosorb 102 supports coated with Ethofat 60/25, squalane and Fractonitril VI is compared. The adsorption constants of different solutes of varying polarity on these packings were calculated as well the surface areas for Chromosorb 102. The validity of the proposed equation used for correcting the specific surface areas of Chromosorb 102 for the molar volumes of each solute and the solubility parameters of the compounds, adsorbent and liquid phases is shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311748
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethylene oxide pollution evaluation part I: Sampling with active charcoal tubes (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 201-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Ethylene oxide ; Active charcoal tubes ; Pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Air sampling of ethylene oxide on active charcoal tubes followed by GC analysis is a frequently proposed method. This paper studies just to what extent it can be used, defining its limitations (concentration range, influence of ambient temperature and relative humidity), which are seldom taken seriously into account. This method proves inadequate to determine low pollution levels, i.e. around 2 mg m−3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311887
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sampling in capillary gas chromatography: A comparison between the split and the PTV-split procedures (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 333-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Split sampling ; PTV-sampling ; Discrimination ; Quantitation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Parallel studies on split-sampling and PTV-sampling procedures have been made to highlight the difficulties in quantitative analysis for capillary columns. Parameters such as total sample amount, carrier gas and packing material used for the injector glass insert were studied. The results clearly demonstrate the importance of optimizing all experimental parameters which give rise to discrimination effects during injection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02268785
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of free carbohydrates in milk using micropacked columns (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 538-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Micropacked column ; Milk ; Carbohydrate quantification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A gas chromatographic method using a micropacked column is described for the analysis of lactose, galactose, lactulose and epilactose in processed milks. The method is evaluated for precision and accuracy using phenyl-β-glucoside as an internal standard. Recoveries near 100% were found for lactulose concentrations higher than 0.1 mgml−1, showing coefficients of variation from 5.9 to 9.4%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02310542
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of the pre-treatment of glass capillary columns on the properties of N-octadecanol films used as a stationary phase (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 241-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Glass capillary columns ; Pre-treatment of column surface ; n-Octadecanol films
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The properties of n-octadecanol films on bare surface of glass capillary columns, leached with hydrochloric acid, HMDS treated and covered with BaCO3 have been investigated. Using the “inverse” gas chromatography method it was found that the structure of the n-octadecanol film distinctly depends on the glass surface preparation. The influence of the properties of the treated glass surface was particularly strong on the structure and properties of the n-octadecanol monolayer directly adjacent to the column wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02268766
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic analysis of C1−C22 carboxylic acids esterified in aqueous solutions as n-propyl esters (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 329-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Esterification in aqueous solution ; n-propyl esters of C1−C22 fatty acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary C1−C22 carboxylic acids have been esterified in aqueous solution with n-propanol. Gas chromatographic analyses have been performed from a single chromatogram. It has been proven that esterification in the concentration range of [H2O]/[n-PrOH]=0.022–8.45 can be utilized for the quantitative determination of these carboxylic acids. The presence of water does not interfere in the range of [H2O]/[n-PrOH]=0.22–1.27. In the cases of [H2O]/[n-PrOH]〉1.27, anhydrous sodium sulfate has been used for binding the water, in an amount of [Na2SO4 anh.]/[H2O]〉0.7.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02268784
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of capillary micro-packed columns composed of two segments packed with a sorbent of different particle size (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 117-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Fused-silica capillary micro-packed columns ; Serial columns
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary For the first time gas chromatographic characteristics of fused-silica capillary micro-packed columns consisting of two segments (i.e., serial columns) and packed with two different particle size fractions of the same sorbent have been investigated. The height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP) and the specific separation number vs. carrier gas velocity dependence has been studied. The expediency of empolying serial columns in which the segment containing the finer sorbent fraction is located near the column outlet has been theoretically and practically expalined. Serial columns with such an arrangement of the two segments show a better performance from the view point of efficiency and mass transfer coefficient.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257311
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selectivity tuning of serially connected open-tubular (capillary) columns in gas chromatography. Part II. Implementation (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 669-680 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Multi-chromatography ; Selectivity tuning ; Column combination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary As a follow-up to our previous publication (see ref. [1]) dealing with the experimental system and the fundamental relationships of multi-chromatography („polarity tuning”), the present paper deals with the operation, characteristics and performance of the experimental set-up, and presents experimental verification on the validity of the basic relationships. The possibilities of influencing and adjusting the range in which the capacity factor is changed by the proper selection of column parameters are outlined and the observed changes in the retention index demonstrated. Ways to optimize the relative retentivity to achieve the best possible resolution of multi-component mixtures is illustrated. Finally, the possibility of combining temperature-programmed operation with selectivity tuning in a multi-chromatography system is demonstrated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02313678
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  • 23
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    Gas chromatography of low molecular weight halocarbons on macroporous silica modified by a thin liquid phase film (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 681-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Macroporous silica ; Silica-adsorbent modification ; Low boiling halocarbons ; Analysis of water pollutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The use of the silica adsorbent Silochrom C-80 modified by a thin liquid stationary phase film is proposed for the gas chromatographic analysis of low molecular weight halocarbons. Such modified adsorbents are characterized by good retention of the volatile halocarbons and high selectivity with respect to halocarbons. The thermodynamic sorption characteristics of alkanes, chloroalkanes and chloromethanes on Silochrom modified by three liquid phases (Apiezon L, methylsilicone and polyethylene glycol 20M) and on Chromaton N with thick films of the same phases were studied. The heats of sorption (−ΔH) and free sorption energy changes (−ΔF) of these substances and the increments −Δ(ΔH) and −Δ(ΔF) per chlorine atom in the chloralkane molecule compared with n-alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms were determined. The “chlorine” retention indices of low molecular weight volatile halocarbons on three sorbents were determined to identify them in aqueous solutions using the electron-capture detector. The analysis of drinking water by this technique is demonstrated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02313679
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unified retention index of hydrocarbons separated on dimethylsilicone OV-101 (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 697-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Methyl silicones ; Unified retention index ; Hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Gas chromatographic retention indices of 51 hydrocarbons were determined on OV-101 dimethylsilicone between 40 and 70°C. From the measured data the unified retention indices were calculated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02313682
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
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    Relationship between thermodynamic characteristics and capacity ratios under LPTGC conditions (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 91-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Linear temperature programming ; Thermodynamic chracteristics ; Calculation of k PT ′ for LPTGC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A simple method has been elaborated to calculate capacity ratios under programmed-temperature conditions (k PT ′ ) from the thermodynamic characteristics determined for the given column under isothermal conditions and the parameters of programmed-temperature operations.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311682
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
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    Gas chromatographic method for the analysis of nitrochlorobenzene isomers (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 110-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Nitrochlorobenzene isomers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An efficient, reproducible and rapid gas chromatographic method for the analysis of nitrochlorobenzenes has been described in this paper. The method uses FFAP as stationary phase and 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene as internal standard. The total analysis time of the method is less than 15 minutes with a coefficient of variation ranging from 0.41% to 1.19% for different levels of three isomers.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311685
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  • 27
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    Ethylene oxide pollution evaluation Part II: Sampling on HBr-treated charcoal tubes (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 269-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Ethylene oxide ; HBr-treated charcoal tubes ; Pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Air sampling of ethylene oxide on HBr-treated charcoal tubes followed by capillary GC analysis of the 2-bromoethanol produced allows pollution control evaluation for concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 20 mgm−3. The adequacy of the method is assessed taking into account ambient temperature and relative humidity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311880
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryofocusing in the combination of gas chromatography with equilibrium headspace sampling (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 305-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Headspace analysis ; Capillary columns ; Trace analysis ; Cryogenic trapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary When headspace gas chromatography utilizing capillary columns is used for trace analysis, sample enrichment is often needed. This involves splitless sample injection of fairly large gas volumes and relatively long sampling times. As a result of this, the band of the sample vapor may be too large causing peak distortion and poor resolution. This problem can be easily overcome by the use of cryogenic trapping. While this can be accomplished by cooling the whole column to subambient temperature during sample introduction, a more convenient way is to utilize part of the first coil of the capillary column as a cryogenic trap. The paper discusses the theoretical background and instrumentation of cryogenic trapping and demonstrates the possibilities through a number of examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311600
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new method to determine reid vapour pressure for stabilized crude oils by gas chromatography (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 63-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Reid vapour pressure ; Stabilized crude oils ; C2−C5 hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new rapid method has been developed to determine Reid Vapour Pressure (RVP) for stabilized crude oils by gas chromatography. The quantity of light hydrocarbons dissolved in crude oil was measured directly by gas chromatographic analysis, while the RVP value was computed utilizing a new correlation with this quantity at constant temperature. A variety of crude oils were investigated and the results revealed the accuracy of this method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257300
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatographic resolution on mixed stationary phases; the choice of the optimum composition (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 278-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Mixed phases ; Chlorinated C1−C3 hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method to establish the optimum composition of mixed stationary phases used in GC is given for the case when only the retention times on the individual phases are known. The method has been empirically tested for the resolution of chlorinated C1−C3 hydrocarbons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02268774
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid quantitative analysis of morphine in blood by flash-heater methylation and gas chromatography with a nitrogen-specific detector (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 303-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Nitrogen-selective detector ; Flash methylation ; Morphine ; Blood analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A simplified gas chromatographic method for the rapid determination of morphinn in rat and human blood is described. After single extraction, morphine was reconstituded in trimethylanilinium hydroxide and introduced directly into a gas chromatograph equipped with a nitrogen specific flame ionization detector. Limits of detection were 0.5μg/ml for either water or blood solutions. Analytical recoveries of morphine, added to either water or blood were 88±6 and 90±3% $$(\bar x \pm SD)$$ , respectively, when compared with morphine dissolved in methanol. The between-run coefficients of variation were 5.0 and 5.4% for water and blood, respectively, over the range of 0.5–32.2μg/ml, whereas the within-run coefficients of variation at 1μg/ml were 8.1 and 7.9%, respectively. The application of the method to an in vivo animal experiment is demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02268779
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative gas chromatographic analysis of perhalogenated compounds using a flame lonization detector (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 288-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Flame ionisation detector ; Perhalogenated compounds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary In the determination of several perhalogenated compounds after gas chromatographic separation on an Apiezon L column, using a flame ionization detector, all the compounds tested gave linear area-mass plots although the coefficients observed do not lead to extrapolations which would permit quantitation of perhalogenated compounds for which no standard is available. Of the compounds tested, dibromodichloromethane, tetrachloroethene and tetrabromoethene gave good linear correlations of area ratio-mass ratio (using n-decane as the internal standard). Bromotrichloromethane and tetrabromomethane gave continuously curving area ratio-mass ratio plots which were very reproducible and could be used for graphical interpolation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311883
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extrapolation and interpolation of gas chromatographic retention times (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 397-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Retention time extrapolation ; Retention time interpolation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An empirical method of extrapolating and interpolating gas chromatographic retention times obtained at three equally spaced isothermal temperatures is described. The accuracy of the method was evaluated from retention time data obtained using packed glass columns. A procedure for constructing retention time tables for homologous series and the derivation of an equation for calculating retention times as a function of temperature is also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02346139
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic separation of C6 epoxides on OV-101 glass capillary column; Pre-calculation of the retention index (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 271-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Retention index calculation ; Epoxides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The separation of C6 epoxides on a glass capillary column coated with OV-101 dimethylsilicone liquid phase was investigated. Retention indices were determined at four temperatures between 60 and 90°C. Linear regression equations permit the pre-calculation of the retention indices and the dI/dT values of the C6 epoxides from their properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02268772
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    The Superdeep Well of the Kola Peninsula (1986)
    Springer
    In:  New York, Springer, vol. 6, no. XVI:, pp. 65-70, (ISBN 0521824893, 280 pp.)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986
    Keywords: Borehole geophys. ; KTB ; Textbook of geophysics
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
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